Validity, Reliability and Usability of a Geogebra-Integrated STEM Training Module for the Topic of Functions among form Four Students
Authors
Raja Lailatul Zuraida binti Raja Maamor Shah
Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak (Malaysia)
Raja Noor Farah Azura binti Raja Maamor Shah
Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak (Malaysia)
Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak (Malaysia)
Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak (Malaysia)
Article Information
DOI: 10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060237
Subject Category: Mathematics
Volume/Issue: 11/6 | Page No: 3113-3117
Publication Timeline
Submitted: 2026-06-24
Accepted: 2026-06-30
Published: 2026-07-14
Abstract
A teaching module must undergo rigorous evaluation before it can be widely used. This study aims to determine the validity, reliability and usability of a GeoGebra-integrated STEM Training Module for the topic of Functions among Form Four students. The evaluation was conducted through the second phase of the Sidek Module Development Model (SMDM). Content and construct validity were assessed by five experts using the STEM Courseware Evaluation Form (STEMCEF) through the expert percentage-agreement method. Usability was evaluated through a pilot study involving 10 students using a usability questionnaire, while reliability was determined using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient based on 15 valid student data sets. The findings show that the module has a high overall validity of 90.0%, with construct validity reaching 100%. For usability, all items in the Format and Content constructs recorded means above 3.00 with a high level of agreement. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient obtained was .874, indicating good reliability as it exceeds 0.80. All reliability items recorded means above 3.00 and were accepted. These findings confirm that the developed STEM Training Module has good quality in terms of validity, reliability and usability, and is suitable as a supporting resource for the teaching and learning of the topic of Functions at the secondary school level.
Keywords
validity, reliability, usability, STEM Training Module
Downloads
References
1. Bahari, F. A. Z., & Saleh, S. (2023). Content validation procedure: Development of Problem-Solving Skills Test (PSST). Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Matematik Malaysia, 13(1), 1–9. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
2. Bujang, M. A., Omar, E. D., Foo, D. H. P., & Hon, Y. K. (2024). Sample size determination for conducting a pilot study to assess reliability of a questionnaire. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 49(1), e3. https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e3 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
3. Hamzah, M. I., Ramli, R., & Khairani, A. Z. (2022). Validating a problem-solving-based learning module for enhancing mathematical resilience. International Journal of Instruction, 15(1), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.1518a [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
4. Hussey, I., Alsalti, T., Bosco, F., Elson, M., & Arslan, R. C. (2025). An aberrant abundance of Cronbach’s alpha values at .70. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241287123 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
5. Jahudin, J., & Siew, N. M. (2023). Infusion of Polya and digital bar model: An algebraic thinking module for seventh graders. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 81(4), 481–500. https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/23.81.481 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
6. Rowley, J., Preiss, S., Pinnell, M., & Franco, S. (2012). Engineering innovation and design for STEM teachers and the STEM Education Quality Framework. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications, 194. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
7. Yatim, S. S. K. M., Saleh, S., Zulnaidi, H., Yew, W. T., & Yatim, S. A. M. (2022). Effects of brain-based teaching approach integrated with GeoGebra (B-Geo Module) on students’ conceptual understanding. International Journal of Instruction, 15(1), 327–346. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15119a [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Metrics
Views & Downloads
Similar Articles
- Interplay of Students’ Emotional Intelligence and Attitude toward Mathematics on Performance in Grade 10 Algebra
- Numerical Simulation of Fitzhugh-Nagumo Dynamics Using a Finite Difference-Based Method of Lines
- Fixed Point Theorem in Controlled Metric Spaces
- Usage of Moving Average to Heart Rate, Blood Pressure and Blood Sugar
- Exploring Algebraic Topology and Homotopy Theory: Methods, Empirical Data, and Numerical Examples