Exploring University Commercialization Pathways and Challenges towards Framework Development

Abstract
This study explores university commercialization pathways and the challenges encountered in transforming academic innovations into marketable outputs, with the goal of developing a contextualized framework for Abra State Institute of Sciences and Technology (ASIST). Using a qualitative case study design, data were gathered from ten purposively selected participants, including faculty researchers, administrators, and innovation personnel, through semi-structured interviews. Findings reveal that ASIST primarily utilizes two major commercialization pathways: showcasing of products through conferences and exhibits, and extension activities that facilitate technology transfer to communities and external partners. These pathways enhance visibility, collaboration, and practical application of research outputs. However, several challenges hinder their effectiveness, particularly insufficient facilities, limited funding, and policy-related constraints such as high costs of publication and intellectual property processing. These barriers affect the institution’s ability to fully commercialize its innovations. To address these issues, participants emphasized the need for improved fund allocation, stronger administrative support, and enhanced partnerships with industry and stakeholders. The study highlights that commercialization is not only dependent on institutional structures but also on resource availability, governance, and collaborative networks. Based on the findings, the study proposes the development of an integrated commercialization framework tailored to ASIST’s context, aligning institutional capacities, policies, and external linkages. This framework aims to strengthen innovation systems and improve the translation of academic research into socio-economic benefits, contributing to sustainable development goals and institutional advancement.

commercialization, extension activities, innovation, partnerships, university

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