The Concept of “Al-Takhalluq Bi Akhlāq Allāh” According to Al-Qushayrī in “Al-Tahbīr Fī Al-Tadhkīr

The concept of al-takhalluq bi akhlāq Allāh refers to the endeavour of a servant to emulate the noble values embedded in the Asmāʾ al-Ḥusnā in accordance with human capacity and inherent limitations. Nevertheless, the use of this term must be understood with precision and caution in order to avoid any misunderstanding that may lead to elements of tashbīh (the belief or tendency to ascribe human or creaturely characteristics to Allah). In this regard, the present study aims to analyse al-Qushayrī’s approach in explicating this concept through the Divine Name, al-Khāliq in his work al-Tahbīr fī al-Tadhkīr, as well as to elucidate its experiential dimensions in ethical formation and the consolidation of tawḥīd. This study adopts a qualitative approach, employing content analysis of the text as its primary source. The findings indicate that al-Qushayrī advances an integrative framework by extending the meaning of al-Khāliq into three principal dimensions: contemplation (tafakkur) upon the perfection of divine creation as the foundation of spiritual awareness; the cultivation of humility (tawāḍuʿ) as a manifestation of ethical embodiment; and the affirmation of divine unity in God’s acts (tawḥīd al-afʿāl), which balances recognition of God’s absolute power with human responsibility as servants. Furthermore, al-Qushayrī employs a symbolic mode of exposition that simultaneously reveals both the explicit and implicit meanings of the text. It is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to enriching scholarly discourse in the field of tawḥīd by incorporating the integrative role of the spiritual dimension of taṣawwuf in understanding the concept of the Asmāʾ al-Ḥusnā.

Akhlāq; Asmāʾ al-Ḥusnā; al-Qushayrī; al-Tahbīr fī al-Tadhkīr

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