Knowledge and Counseling Practices of Public Health and Community Pharmacists on Micronutrients Use Among First- and Second-Trimester Pregnant Women in South Cotabato

Pharmacists play a critical role in maternal healthcare by ensuring the safe and appropriate use of micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy through evidence-based counseling and clinical guidance. This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design to determine the knowledge and counseling practices of public health and community pharmacists regarding micronutrient use among first- and second-trimester pregnant women in South Cotabato. A total of 103 licensed pharmacists working in Rural Health Unit (RHU) pharmacies and selected community pharmacies participated in the study. The respondents were assessed regarding their demographic profile, level of knowledge of the benefits and risks of micronutrient use, and counseling practices in clinical decision-making, including evidence-based consultation and patient counseling. Inferential analysis was also conducted to determine significant differences in knowledge and practices across age, years of professional experience, and practice setting. The results showed that most respondents were young, early-career pharmacists, predominantly aged 20–29 years (72.8%) with 1–3 years of professional experience (52.4%), and mainly working in community pharmacies (85.4%). The respondents demonstrated a very high level of knowledge regarding both the benefits and risks of micronutrient use during pregnancy. Likewise, their counseling practices were rated high in both clinical decision-making with evidence-based consultation (M = 3.709, SD = 0.372) and patient counseling (M = 3.639, SD = 0.446). Inferential results revealed no significant differences in knowledge or practice when grouped by age (p = .151) or practice setting (p = .860). In contrast, a significant difference was found by years of professional experience (p = .023). The findings indicate that pharmacists possess strong and well-balanced knowledge and demonstrate competent counseling practices regarding micronutrient use during pregnancy. However, professional experience significantly influences practice levels, suggesting that experiential learning plays an important role in enhancing counseling competence. It is recommended that structured mentorship programs, targeted continuing professional development activities, and strengthened pharmacy education be implemented to enhance counseling skills further and ensure consistent, evidence-based maternal care across practice settings.

Micronutrients; Pregnancy; Public Health Pharmacists; Community Pharmacists; Knowledge; Counseling Practices

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