Public–Private Partnership Practices and Performance of Geothermal Energy Projects in Kenya

This study examined the effect of Public–Private Partnership (PPP) practices on the performance of geothermal energy projects in Kenya. Despite significant investments in geothermal energy through PPP arrangements, many projects continue to face cost overruns, delays, operational inefficiencies, and stakeholder dissatisfaction. The study focused on legal framework implementation, shared investment, and type of agreement as key PPP dimensions influencing project performance. A positivist philosophy and cross-sectional survey design were adopted. Data were collected from 214 respondents and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Findings revealed that PPP practices significantly influenced project performance (β=.631, p<.05), explaining 39.8% of variation in performance. Type of agreement was the strongest predictor followed by legal framework implementation and shared investment. The study concludes that strengthening PPP arrangements can substantially improve geothermal project outcomes in Kenya.

Public–Private Partnerships (PPP), Geothermal Energy Projects, Project Performance, Legal Framework Implementation

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