People’s Dreams and Policy Realities: Government Intervention and Affordable Housing Choices in Selangor

Authors

Ainol Mardhiyah Rahmat

Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Segamat Campus, Johor (Malaysia)

Zarul Azhar Nasir

Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Tapah Campus, Perak (Malaysia)

Hidayatul Najiha Ahmad Tajuddin

Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Tapah Campus, Perak (Malaysia)

Muhammad Adidinizar Zia Ahmad Kusairee

Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perak Branch, Tapah Campus, Perak (Malaysia)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.1015EC0101

Subject Category: Economics

Volume/Issue: 10/15 | Page No: 1482-1492

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-08-30

Accepted: 2026-09-04

Published: 2026-09-17

Abstract

Lack of affordable housing is a growing concern that often becomes a primary focus for governments worldwide, including Malaysia. The main underlying causes of the affordability crisis in Selangor, Malaysia, which has been mounting for years, include oversupply, overhang, and rejected offers in the affordable housing sector. Although various affordable housing initiatives have been implemented, the persistent supply-demand mismatch raises concerns about people’s expectations and how these criteria shape government intervention to develop better policies aligned with household preferences and aspirations. Current policies aim to tackle the overhang issues. However, critics also point to a mismatch between assistance schemes and buyers’ preferences. While state-led initiatives such as subsidies, price controls, and public housing schemes aim to increase affordability, questions remain on whether these interventions truly align with household preferences and aspirations. Therefore, this study aims to uncover people’s perspectives on government interventions in shaping affordable housing policies in Selangor. Based on the findings, most buyers, industry experts, developers, and policymakers agreed that government intervention plays a vital role in shaping the affordable housing landscape. This study identified two major approaches to government intervention: innovation in housing assistance programs and comprehensive financial support. As the data were limited to Selangor, the findings are limited to this region. This study's findings will provide stakeholders with insights into the multidimensional nature of housing demand. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to explore multiple perspectives on government interventions in the affordable housing landscape.

Keywords

Affordable housing, government intervention, stakeholders

Downloads

References

1. Abdul-Aziz, A. R., Jaafar, M., & Loh, C. L. (2014). Speculative residential developers and foreign retirees’ market segment in Malaysia. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.10.010 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Ab Majid, R., Said, R., Ab Rahim, N., Saleh, A. F., & Suryanto, T. (2023). Modelling Housing Demand Factors for Affordable Units in Malaysia. International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering and Technology, 14(5). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Asis, N. A., Jiram, W. R. A., & Bujang, A. A. (2023). Government intervention in the Malaysian housing market: Addressing market imperfections. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(3S2), 122 - 130. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Bank Negara Malaysia. (2016). Annual Report 2015: Assessing Demand-Supply Conditions in the Malaysian Property Market. Kuala Lumpur: BNM. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Blackwell, R., Miniard, P., & Engel, J. (2001). Consumer behavior, 9th Eds. New Youk: Harcourt. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Atterhög, M. (2005). Importance of government policies for home ownership rates: An international survey and analysis. In Technical Report (Issue 54). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Carspecken, P. F. (1996). Critical ethnography in educational research: a theoretical and practical guide. Choice Reviews Online, 34(02). https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.34-1057 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Chee Hung, F., & Kiat, J. T. K. (2021). Property Chat: Do we lack affordable houses in Selangor? EdgeProp. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Clarke, V., & Braun, V. (2013). Successful Qualitative Research A Practical Guide For Beginners. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling (Vol. 53, Issue 9). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Creswell, J. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches, 2nd edition. In Public Administration (Vol. 77, Issue 4). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Creswell, J., & Creswell, D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Daud, M. A. M., Rosly, S. A., & Sori, Z. M. (2022). Understanding Issues of Affordable Housing in Malaysia to Attract Investment: An Exploratory Investigation. Planning Malaysia, 20. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2020). Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey Report 2020. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Etikan, I. (2016). Comparison of Convenience Sampling and Purposive Sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Eerola, E., & Saarimaa, T. (2018). Delivering affordable housing and neighborhood quality: A comparison of place- and tenant-based programs. Journal of Housing Economics, 42. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Farasa, & Kusuma. (2018). Housing preferences of young adults in Indonesia: Housing attributes and consequences. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 126(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/126/1/012184 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Feng, E. Z. (2021). Factors Influencing The Purchasing of Affordable Housings: Housing Purchaser’s Perspective. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Haddad, M., Judeh, M., & Haddad, S. (2011). Factors affecting buying behavior of an apartment an empirical investigation in Amman, Jordan. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 3(3). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Hansson, A. G. (2019). Inclusionary Housing Policies in Gothenburg, Sweden, and Stuttgart, Germany: The importance of Norms and Institutions. Nordic Journal of Surveying and Real Estate Research, 14(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Hulchanski, D. (1995). The Concept of Housing Affordability: Six Contemporary Uses of the Housing Expenditure-to-Income Ratio. Housing Studies, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/023039508720833 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Hassan, M. M., Ahmad, N., & Hashim, A. H. (2022). Opportunities in Housing Property for Young and First-Time Homebuyer in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Hoek-smit, M. C., & Diamond, D. B. (2003). The Design and Implementation of Subsidies for Housing Finance. Finance, March. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Hulchanski, J. D. (2006). What factors shape Canadian housing policy? The intergovernmental role in Canada’s housing system. In Canada: The State of the Federation.Hussain, M., Abdullah, S., & Lee, J. (2024). Resilient housing policy in ASEAN: Lessons from the COVID 19 pandemic. Habitat International, 135, 102945. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Jamaludin, S., Mahayuddin, S. A., & Hamid, S. (2018). Challenges of integrating affordable and sustainable housing in Malaysia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 140, 012001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/140/1/012001 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan (KPKT). (2023). Dasar Perumahan Negara. Putrajaya. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Kumar, Y., & Khandelwal, U. (2019). Factors Affecting Buying Behaviour in the Purchase of Residential Property: A Factor Analysis Approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3481597 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Kurniawan, C., Dewi, L. C., Maulatsih, W., & Gunadi, W. (2020). Factors influencing housing purchase decisions of millennial generation in Indonesia. International Journal of Management, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.34218/IJM.11.4.2020.035 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Majid, R., Said, R., & Daud, M. N. (2012). The Impact Of Buyers’ Demography On Property Purchasing. Journal of Surveying, Construction & Property, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.22452/jscp.vol3no2.1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Mariadas, P. A., Abdullah, H., & Abdullah, N. (2019). Factors Influencing the First Home Purchase Decision of Middle-Income Earners (M40) in Selangor, Malaysia. E-BANGI: Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 16(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Masram, H., Misnan, S. H., & Yassin, A. M. (2020). Implementation of affordable housing programmes in Johor, Malaysia for sustainable housing. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 447(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Mukhtar, S. N., Jamaludin, A. F., Abd Razak, M. H., Arminda, W., & Saleh, A. F. (2025). Investigating factors influencing residential location choice using PLS-SEM analysis: A case study in Seberang Perai, Penang, Malaysia. Planning Malaysia,23(36). https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v23i36.1728 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Mustapa, N. A., & Ali, S. (2022). A Conceptual Framework for Minimising Middle-Income Housing Mismatch. Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Environment, 9(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Mustafa, A., Yusof, N. N., Abdullah, H., Yusoff, S. K., Bahari, F., & Muslimin, M. S. (2019). Customers’ Satisfaction on Product Quality, Service Quality and Location of 'Rumah Selangorku' [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Naeem, M., Ozuem, W., Howell, K., & Ranfagni, S. (2024). Demystification and Actualisation of Data Saturation in Qualitative Research Through Thematic Analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 23. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069241229777 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Nguyen, T. H., & Pham, Q. T. (2024). Regulatory efficiency and housing delivery in Vietnam: Lessons for emerging economies. Cities, 145, 104567. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Nicol, C. (2017). The formulation of local housing strategies: A critical evaluation. In The Formulation of Local Housing Strategies: A Critical Evaluation. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. OECD. (2024). Housing policy innovation: Balancing affordability, sustainability, and market stability. OECD Publishing. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Oliver C. Robinson (2023) Probing in qualitative research interviews: Theory and practice, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 20:3, 382-397, DOI: 10.1080/14780887.2023.2238625 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. Opoku, R., & Abdul-Muhmin, A. (2010). Housing preferences and attribute importance among low-income consumers in Saudi Arabia. Habitat International, 34(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2009.09.006 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. Oyalowo, B. A., Nubi, T. G., & Lawanson, T. O. (2018). Housing Affordability, Government Intervention and Housing Informality: An African Dilemma? Journal of African Real Estate Research, 3(2). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. Phang, S. Y., & Helble, M. (2024). Housing policy reforms in Asia: Balancing affordability and sustainability. Housing Studies, 39(5), 789 - 808. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. PR1MA Corporation Malaysia. (2020). Annual Report 2020. Kuala Lumpur: PR1MA. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Quigley, J. M., & Raphael, S. (2004). Is housing unaffordable? Why isn’t it more affordable? In Journal of Economic Perspectives (Vol. 18, Issue 1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Rahim, A., Adzhar, M., Basrah, N., & Mustafar, M. (2019). Factors leading to overhang in affordable housing: A content analysis. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 385(1). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

45. Saleh, A. F., Mohd Aini, A., Ab Majid, R., Mustafa, M. H., & Jamaludin, A. F. (2024). Modelling housing mismatch for affordable housing demand and supply in Malaysia. Planning Malaysia, 22(32). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

46. Salleh, N. A., Murtadza, N. R., Johari, N., & Talib, Y. A. (2019). Relative Importance Analysis of Purchasing Decision Factors for Residential Properties in Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 4(11). https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i11.1648 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

47. Salleh, N. A., Zoher, S. A., Mahayuddin, S. A., & Abdul, Y. (2015). Influencing Factors of Property Buyer in Hillside Residential Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.060 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

48. Sundrani, D. M. (2018). Factors influencing home-purchase decision of buyers of different types of apartments in India. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHMA-06-2017-0062 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

49. Taharin, A. (2023). Kerangka Pengurusan Aktiviti Keusahawanan Institusi Tahfiz Swasta (ITS) Di Malaysia [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

50. Tan, W., Lee, M., & Rahim, N. (2025). Comparative analysis of housing interventions in Asia: Policy effectiveness and market outcomes. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 40(2), 389 - 408. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

51. The Asean Post. (2020). Housing affordability crisis in Malaysia. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

52. UN-Habitat. (2023). The Right to Adequate Housing. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

53. Yang, Z., & Wang, S. (2011). The impact of privatization of public housing on housing affordability in Beijing: An assessment using household survey data. Local Economy, 26(5). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

54. Yusry, M. (2024). More than 115,000 on Rumah Selangorku wait list, says MB. Malay Mail. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

55. Zulkifli, A. M. (2022). The problem of 1.9 million unoccupied homes. Malaysia Now [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles