Beyond the Aggregate Score: A Dimension-Level Assessment of Quality of Work Life, Commitment, and Culture Among UAE Public Sector Employees
Authors
Johor Business School, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA (Malaysia)
Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA (Malaysia)
Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UNIKL) Kampus Cawangan Malaysian Institute of Industrial Technology, Johor, MALAYSIA (Malaysia)
Department of Business Administration, Al-Idrisi University College, Ramadi, Al-Anbar, IRAQ (Malaysia)
Zamzam University of Science and Technology, Mogadishu, SOMALIA (Malaysia)
Article Information
DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100800832
Subject Category: Human Resource Management
Volume/Issue: 10/8 | Page No: 12266-12277
Publication Timeline
Submitted: 2026-09-02
Accepted: 2026-09-08
Published: 2026-09-18
Abstract
Public sector organizations often rely on a single composite score to summarize employee survey results. But an aggregate figure can hide which specific parts of the work experience actually need attention. This study addresses that problem directly. It profiles quality of work life, organizational commitment, organizational culture, and job satisfaction at the level of individual dimensions, using data from 412 employees of a UAE public sector ministry. The data came from a structured questionnaire administered across three departments in Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Sharjah, with a 98 percent response rate. Rather than testing relationships between constructs, the study examines where this workforce currently stands on each dimension. For every dimension, the mean, standard deviation, and a qualitative level were calculated, then ranked from strongest to weakest to identify concrete priorities for intervention. All four constructs sit at a moderate overall level. This picture hides real variation underneath. Within quality of work life, respect for law and work influence were the weakest dimensions. Both fell well below the moderate range, 1.30 points behind the strongest dimension, capacity. Within organizational commitment, normative commitment was markedly weaker than affective commitment. Within organizational culture, involvement lagged behind consistency, adaptability, and mission, though the gap here was narrower. An aggregate score alone would have hidden these specific, actionable gaps. The weakest dimensions found here also match independent literature on employee voice and work-life balance in similar public sector settings. This study argues that dimension-level diagnostic reporting should complement relationship-testing research, not replace it. It gives UAE public sector decision makers a concrete, ranked basis for sequencing workforce interventions, rather than a generic call to improve conditions broadly.
Keywords
quality of work life; organizational commitment; organizational culture; job satisfaction; public sector diagnostics
Downloads
References
1. Abuzanjal, A., & Bashir, H. (2024). Service innovation challenges in UAE government entities: Identification and examination of the impact of organizational size and excellence model implementation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(3), Article 100364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100364 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
2. Alkhateeb, M., Althabaiti, K., Ahmed, S., Lövestad, S., & Khan, J. (2025). A systematic review of the determinants of job satisfaction in healthcare workers in health facilities in Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Global Health Action, 18(1), Article 2479910. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2025.2479910 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
3. Alnagbi, M. A., Aldabbas, H., Gernal, L., Elamin, A. M., & Ahmed, A. Z. E. (2025). Work engagement and individual work performance in the UAE: The mediating role of work-life balance. Frontiers in Sociology, 10, Article 1567207. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2025.1567207 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
4. Al Shamsi, H. S. R. (2024). The mediating and moderating role of organizational commitment and organizational culture on the relationship between quality of work life and job satisfaction in the UAE [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
5. Ayalew, A. F., Ma, W., Tamir, W., & Mitiku, K. (2024). Quality of work life and associated factors among health professionals working at private and government health institutions in Awi zone, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia, 2022: A comparative cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 12, Article 1377145. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1377145 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
6. Birgisdóttir, B. D., Gunnarsdóttir, S., & Candi, M. (2024). Exploring relationships among servant leadership, role clarity and creative self-efficacy. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 45(3), 397–422. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2022-0555 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
7. Denison, D., Nieminen, L. R., & Kotrba, L. (2014). Diagnosing organizational cultures: A conceptual and empirical review of culture effectiveness surveys. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23(1), 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2012.713173 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
8. Hennicks, E. C., Heyns, M. M., & Rothmann, S. (2024). Social wellbeing profiles: Associations with trust in managers and colleagues, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, Article 1157847. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1157847 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
9. Herzberg, F. (1968). One more time: How do you motivate employees? Harvard Business Review, 46(1), 53–62. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
10. Iddrisu, I., & Mohammed, B. (2024). Investigating the influence of employee voice on public sector performance: The mediating dynamics of organizational trust and culture. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, Article 101096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101096 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
11. Jabeen, F., Friesen, H. L., & Ghoudi, K. (2018). Quality of work life of Emirati women and its influence on job satisfaction and turnover intention: Evidence from the UAE. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 31(2), 352–370. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-01-2017-0016 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
12. Kim, T., & Cho, W. (2024). Employee voice opportunities enhance organizational performance when faced with competing demands. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 44(4), 713–739. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X231190327 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
13. Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
14. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
15. Nair, P. R., & Subash, T. (2019). Quality of work life and job satisfaction: A comparative study. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 8(2), 15–21. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
16. OECD. (2025). Workforce insights from central governments: Findings of the 2024 OECD/EU survey of public servants. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/2f9080b1-en [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
17. Roberts, M. J., Campbell, J. L., Abel, G. A., Davey, A. F., Elmore, N. L., Maramba, I., Carter, M., Elliott, M. N., Roland, M. O., & Burt, J. A. (2014). Understanding high and low patient experience scores in primary care: Analysis of patients' survey data for general practices and individual doctors. BMJ, 349, Article g6034. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g6034 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
18. Robinson, W. S. (1950). Ecological correlations and the behavior of individuals. American Sociological Review, 15(3), 351–357. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
19. Sirgy, M. J., Efraty, D., Siegel, P., & Lee, D. J. (2001). A new measure of quality of work life (QWL) based on need satisfaction and spillover theories. Social Indicators Research, 55(3), 241–302. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010986923468 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
20. Walton, R. E. (1974). Improving quality of work-life. Harvard Business Review, 52(3), 12–16. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Metrics
Views & Downloads
Similar Articles
- Is Strike Relevant in the Modern Era? Evidence from Indian Manufacturing, IT/Ites, FMCG, Electronics and Emerging Sectors
- A Qualitative Exploration of Work-Life Balance Among Private Universities Lecturers in Klang Valley
- Leadership Styles and Employee Motivation: Examining the Impact on Job Satisfaction and Turnover
- Human Resource Management, Organizational Culture, and Good Governance Practices: A Structural Equation Model on Service Orientation among Government-Owned and Controlled Corporation in Davao Region
- Cost of Silence: Exploring the Impact of Organisational Silence on Employee Engagement