Strategic Human Resource Management and Safety Climate Practices among Human Resource Practitioners

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Strategic Human Resource Management and Safety Climate Practices among Human Resource Practitioners. A non-experimental quantitative research design using the descriptive correlation technique was employed to scrutinize the statistical relationship between these two variables. There are 100 HR practitioners from different companies within Davao Del Norte were selected as respondents utilizing random sampling technique. Data was collected through questionnaires, ensuring reliability through Cronbach Alpha analysis and validity through panel and research adviser reviews. Descriptive statistics, such as mean and standard deviations were utilized to summarize and present the collected data. The overall mean for Strategic Human Resource Management was 4.55, indicated as ‘very high’ while the Safety Climate Practices got the overall mean of 4.47, also indicated as ‘very high’. Furthermore, the null hypothesis is rejected, therefore, the findings showed that there is significant relationship between Strategic Human Resource Management and Safety Climate Practices among Human Resource Practitioners.

Strategic Human Resource Management and Safety Climate Practices

1. Aboramadan, M., Yasir, M.K., Elhamalawy, E. and Albashiti, B. (2022). ‘The effect of high-performance work systems on risk-taking and organizational citizenship behaviors: the mediating role of perceived safety climate’, Employee Relations, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 1428-1447, doi:10.1108/ER-05-2021-0211 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Adi, E. N., Eliyana, A., Hamidah, and Tri Mardiana, A. (2020). ‘Safety leadership and safety behavior in MRO business: Moderating role of safety climate in Garuda maintenance facility Indonesia’, Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(4), 151–163. https://doi.org/10.31838/srp.2020.4.23 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Adiguzel, Z., Ozcinar, M.F., and Karadal H. (2020). ‘Does servant leadership moderate the link between strategic human resource management on rule breaking and job satisfaction?’, European Research on Management and Business Economics, 26(2). doi:10.1016/j.iedeen.2020.04.002 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Adikoeswanto, D., Nurjanah S., Mukhtar, S., Eliyana, A., and Mohd, L. (2024). ‘Supportive leadership and voice behavior: The mediating role of work engagement’, International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 11(7), pp.39–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2024.07.00 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Ali, M. X. M., Arifin, K., Abas, A., Ahmad, M. A., Khairil, M., Cyio, M. B., Samad, M. A., Lampe, I., Mahfudz, M., and Ali, M. N. (2022). ‘Systematic literature review on indicators use in safety management practices among utility industries’. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(10), 6198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106198 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Ali, M., Lei, S., and Wei, X.Y. (2018). ‘The mediating role of the employee relations climate in the relationship between strategic HRM and organizational performance in Chinese banks’, Journal of Innovation and Knowledge. 3(3), 115-122. doi:10.1016/j.jik.2016.12.003 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Alruqi, W.M. and Hallowell, M.R. (2018). Safety climate dimensions and their relationship to construction safety performance: A meta-analytic review. Safety Science,109, pp.165–173. https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=RD2qHBAAAAAJ&hl=en [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Alserhan, H. and Shbail, M. (2020). ‘The role of organizational commitment in the relationship between human resource management practices and competitive advantage in Jordanian private universities’, Management Science Letters. doi:10.5267/j.msl.2020.7.036 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Anvari, R., Kumpikaitė-Valiūnienė, V., Mobarhan, R., Janjaria, M., and Chermahini, S.H. (2023). ‘Strategic human resource management practitioners’ emotional intelligence and affective organizational commitment in higher education institutions in Georgia during post-COVID-19’, PLoS One, 18(12). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0295084 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Appelbaum, E. and Batt, R., (1993). ‘High-Performance Work Systems: American Models of Workplace Transformation’. Public Interest Publications, PO Box 229, Arlington, VA 22210. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED363736.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Arghami, S., Nouri Parkestani, H. and Alimohammadi, I. (2013). ‘Reliability and validity of a safety climate questionnaire’, Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 14(2), pp. 140-145. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261609868_Reliability_and_validity_of_a_safety_climate_questionnaire [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Bauer, F. and Friesl, M. (2022). ‘Synergy evaluation in mergers and acquisitions: An attention‐based view’, Journal of Management Studies, pp. 37-68. doi: doi.org/10.1111/joms.12804 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Boon, C., Den Hartog, D. N., and Lepak, D. P. (2019). ‘A Systematic Review of Human Resource Management Systems and Their Measurement’, Journal of Management, 45(6), 2498–2537. doi:10.1177/0149206318818718 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Bouaziz, F. and Hachicha, Z.S. (2018). ‘Strategic Human Resource Management Practices and Organizational Resilience’, Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion de Sfax, 37(10). doi:10.1108/JMD-11-2017-0358 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Boxall, P., and Purcell, J. (2022). Strategy and human resource management. 5th edn. London: Sage. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Bratton, J. (2022). ‘Strategic human resource management Chapter two’. [online] Available at: https://www.otaru-uc.ac.jp/~js/downloads/SP2005-PDF/SP2005-Chapter2SHRM.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Chang-Howe, W. (2019). ‘The challenge of HR integration: a review of the M&A HR integration literature’, Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management, 10, 2040-8005, pp. 19-34. doi: doi.org/10.1108/JCHRM-03-2019-0009 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Choudhry, R.M., Mansour, and Zafar, I. S.A. (2023). ‘Proactive Approach to Measure Safety Management on Building Projects in Saudi Arabia’, Advances in Civil Engineering, vol. 2023.doi:10.1155/2023/6306157 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Curlett, W. (2024). ‘The Role of Safety Culture in Workplace Productivity’, Safety Insights Blog, 15 March 2024 [Blog]. https://safetyservicesdirect.com/blog/workplace-safety-culture-role/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Dahl, Ø. and Kongsvik, T. (2018). 'Safety climate and mindful safety practices in the oil and gas industry', Journal of Safety Research, 64(1), pp. 29-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2017.12.009 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Finn, M., Walsh, A., Rafter, N., Mellon, L., Chong, H.Y., Naji, A., O’Brien, N., Williams, D.J., and McCarthy, S.E. (2024). ‘Effect of interventions to improve safety culture on healthcare workers in hospital settings: a systematic review of the international literature’. BMJ Open Quality, 13(2), e002506. https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/13/2/e002506 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Haan, K. (2024). ‘What Is Employee Training? Definition & Best Practices’. Forbes Advisor. https://www.forbes.com/advisor/business/software/employee-training [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Halomoan, T. and Djunaidi, Z. (2024). ‘Impact of Safety Leadership on Safety Climate in Process Industry Workers: Literature Review’, Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI), 7(12), pp. 2851-2857. doi: 10.56338/mppki.v7i12.6322 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Hamadamin, H.H and Atan, T. (2019). ‘The impact of strategic human resource management practices on competitive advantage sustainability: the mediation of human capital development and employee commitment’, Sustainability, 11(20), 5782. doi:10.3390/su11205782 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Hanić, A. and Jevtić, D. (2020). ‘Human Resource Management Between Economy and Ethics–Research of Serbia and Bosnia and Hercegovina’, ARMG Publishing, pp. 127-136. doi:10.21272/bel.4(3).127-136.2020 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Health and Safety Executive – HSE (2024). (n.d.). Safety culture. Available at: https://solutions.hse.gov.uk/what-we-do/safety-culture (Accessed: 22 September 2024) [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Hu, G., Feng, H., He, P., Li, J., Hewage, K and Sadiq, R. (2021). 'Comparative life-cycle assessment of traditional and emerging oily sludge treatment approaches', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 251, 119594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119594 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Jewett, R. L., Mah, S. M., Howell, N., and Larsen, M. M. (2021). ‘Social Cohesion and Community Resilience During COVID-19 and Pandemics: A Rapid Scoping Review to Inform the United Nations Research Roadmap for COVID-19 Recovery’. International Journal of Health Services. 2021;51(3):325-336. doi:10.1177/0020731421997092 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Jhangiani, R., Cuttler, C., and Leighton, D. (2019). Research Methods in Psychology. 4th edn. Canada: LibreText [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Kapur, R. (2021). ‘Strategic Resourcing as Key Aspect of Strategic Human Resource Management’, International Journal of Information, Business and Management, 13(4), pp. 47-56. Available at: https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/strategic-resourcing-as-key-aspect-human-resource/docview/2568037303/se-2?accountid=31259 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Khan, S. and Abdullah, N. N. (2019). ‘The impact of staff training and development on teachers’ productivity’, Management and Sustainability, 4(1). doi: doi.org/10.14254/jems.2019.4-1.4 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Kotronoulas, G. and Papadopouloub, C. (2023). ‘A Primer to Experimental and Nonexperimental Quantitative Research: The Example Case of Tobacco-Related Mouth Cancer’, Seminars in Oncology Nursing, 39(2). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151396 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Krishnan, S. and Ammupriya, A. (2024). ‘Measuring Employee Well-Being on Work Environment’, International Journal of Humanities & Social Science studies, 13(1), pp.97-101. Available at URL https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382995443 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Kuncoro, W. and Suriani, W.O. (2018). ‘Achieving Sustainable Competitive Advantage Through Product Innovation and Market Driving’, Asia Pacific Management Review, 23(3). doi:10.1016/j.apmrv.2017.07.006 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Lajevardi, S. (2024). ‘Understanding strategic alignment barriers in public organizations: An application of Q methodology’. Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 17(4), 1109-1123. doi:https://doi.org/10.22059/ijms.2024.347933.675343 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Li, Y., Li, X., and Liu, Y. (2021). ‘How does a high-performance work system prompt job crafting through autonomous motivation: The moderating role of initiative climate" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 384, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020384 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. Luo, T. (2020). ‘Safety Climate: current status of the research and future prospects’, Journal of Safety Science and Resilience, 1(2). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnlssr.2020.09.001 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Lvina, E., Johns, G., and Vandenberghe, C. (2018). ‘Team Political Skill Composition as Determinant of Team Cohesiveness and Performance’. Journal Management, 44 (3). doi:10.1177/0149206315598371 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. Majid, M., Ramli, M., Badyalina, B., Roslan, A., and Hashim, A. (2020). ‘Influence of engagement, work-environment, motivation, organizational learning, and supportive culture on job satisfaction’, International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 10(4), pp. 186-207. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v10i4.17822 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. Manadero, J., Villamor A., Valledor D.X., and Cole P. (2024). ’Strategic Human Resource Management and Safety Climate Practices Among Human Resource Practitioners In Digos City, Philippines. Philippines’, European Journal of Human Resource Management Studies, 8 (1). Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Princess-Cole [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. Martineau, T., Mansour, W., Deileman, M., Ackweongo, P., Amon, S., Chikaphupha A., Mubiri, P., and Raven, J. (2023). ‘Using the integration of human resource management strategies at district level to improve workforce performance: analysis of workplan designs in three African countries’, Human Resource for Health, 21(57). doi: doi.org/10.1186/s12960-023-00838-0 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. McCallum, S., Haar, J., and Myers, B. (2023). ‘Enhancing the employee experience: Exploring a global positive climate to influence key employee outcomes’ Evidence - Based HRM, 12(2), p. 387-406. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-03-2022-0070 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Mezentseva, A., Gracia, F.J., Silla, I. and Martínez-Córcoles, M. (2023). ‘The role of empowering leadership, safety culture and safety climate in the prediction of mindful organizing in an air traffic management company’, Journal of Safety Science, 168(3), p.106321. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106321. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Min-Jun, K., Ahn, S., Shin, S.H., Kang, M.G., and Won, J.H. (2025). ‘Comparison of influencing factors on safety behavior and perception between contractor managers and subcontractor workers at korean construction sites’, Buildings, 15(6), pp. 25. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15060963 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

45. Mladenova, I. (2024). ‘Configurations of employee assessments of past changes: Do leadership and learning matter?’, Kidmore End: Academic Conferences International Limited. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/conference-papers proceedings/configurations-employee-assessments-past-changes/docview/3159699231/se-2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

46. Nabe-Nielsen, K., Holtermann, A., Gyntelberg, F., Garde, AH., Islamoska, S., Prescott, E., Schnohr, P., and Hansen, Å. M. (2021). 'The effect of occupational physical activity on dementia: results from the Copenhagen Male Study', Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 446-455. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13846 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

47. Naji, G., Isha, A., Alazzani, A., Saleem, M., and Alzoraiki, M. (2022). ‘Assessing the Mediating Role of Safety Communication Between Safety Culture and Employees Safety Performance’, Front. Public Health. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.840281 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

48. Oduro, I. (2023). ‘Safety Communication Skills and Training Strategies for Operating a Mine: A Qualitative Exploratory Case Study’, University of Phoenix. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/safety-communication-skills-training-strategies/docview/2867107275/se-2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

49. Oyewole, A.T., Okoye, C.C., Ofodile, O.C., Odeyemi, O., Adeoye, O.B., Addy, W.A. and Ololade, Y.J. (2024). ‘Human Resource Management Strategies For Safety And Risk Mitigation In The oil and gas industry: A review’ International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, [online] 6(3), pp.623–633. doi:https://doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v6i3.875 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

50. Prabhu, M. Abdullah, N. N., and Madan Mohan, G. (2019). ‘An Empirical Study on the Satisfaction Level of National and International Tourists towards Natural Attractions in Kurdistan’, African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, Volume 8 (2), ISSN: 2223-814X. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331430840 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

51. Reader, T. W. (2022). ‘Stakeholder safety communication: patient and family reports on safety risks in hospitals’, Journal of Risk Research, 25(7), pp. 807–824. doi: 10.1080/13669877.2022.2061036 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

52. Sajeevanie, T.L., Opatha, H.H.D.N.P. and Dissanayake, K. (2020). ‘An Instrument to Measure the Practice of Strategic Human Resource Management in Private Sector Organizations23’, Sri Lankan Journal of Human Resource Management, 10(1), pp.1-204. DOI: 10.4038/sljhrm.v10i1.56475 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

53. Salmina, M., Ding, A. Y., and Yu, M. (2021). ‘Human Resources Strategy to Improve HR Competencies’, The Journal of Worker Competence and Performance (JWCP), 1(02), 1-9. Retrieved from http://unigraduatepress.com/index.php/jwcp [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

54. Schult, T. M., Nagler, E. M., Sorensen, G., Sullivan, J. L., Gendreau, N., Seibert, R. G., and Mohr, D. C. (2022). ‘Employee Perceptions of Safety, Health, and Well-Being: Focus Group Findings From One Veterans Affairs Medical Center’, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Retrieved from [Harvard University] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30199468/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

55. Shea, T., De Cieri, H., Vu, T., and Pettit, T. (2021). ‘How is safety climate measured? A review and evaluation’, Safety Science, 143, 105413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105413 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

56. Singletary, L., Koebele, E., Evans, W., Copp, C.J., Hockaday, S., and Rego, J.J. (2022). ‘Evaluating stakeholder engagement in collaborative research: Co-producing knowledge for climate resilience’, Socio-Ecological Practice Research, 4(3), pp. 235–249. DOI: 10.1007/s42532-022-00124-8. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

57. Sivagnanasundaram, J., Goonetillake, J., Buhary, R., Dharmawardhana, T., Weerakkody, R., Gunapala, R. and Ginige, A. (2021). ‘Digitally-enabled crop disorder management process based on farmer empowerment for improved outcomes: A case study from Sri Lanka’, Sustainability, 13(14), p.7823. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147823 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

58. Su, W.J. (2021). ‘The Effects of Safety Management Systems, Attitude and Commitment on Safety Behaviors and Performance’, International Journal for Applied Information Management, 1(4), pp. 187–200. doi: 10.47738/ijaim.v1i4.20 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

59. Tabash, M., Rahman, M., Salamzadeh A., and Abduli, S. (2022). ‘Sampling Techniques (Probability) For Quantitative Social Science Researchers: A Conceptual Guidelines with Examples’, SEEU Review, 17(1):42-51. doi: 10.2478/seeur-2022-0023 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

60. Tessema, S. A., Yang, S., and Chen, C. (2025). ‘The effect of human resource analytics on organizational performance: Insights from ethiopia’, Systems, 13(2), 134. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13020134 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

61. Tucker, D.A., Hendy, J., and Chrysanthaki T. (2022). ‘How does policy alienation develop? Exploring street-level bureaucrats’ agency in policy context shift in UK telehealthcare’. Human Relations, 75(9). doi:10.1177/00187267211003633. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

62. World Economic Forum. (2021). The Future of Jobs Report 2020. World Economic Forum. Available at: https://www.weforum.org/publications/annual-report-2021-2022/ (Accessed: 10 October 2021) [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

63. Wu, T., Wang, Y., Ruan, R., and Zheng, J. (2022). ‘Divergent effects of transformational leadership on safety compliance: A dual-path moderated mediation model’, PLoS One,17(1), pp. 1-15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262394 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

64. Yiu, N. S. N., Chan, D. W. M., Shan, M. and Sze, N. N. (2019). ‘Implementation of safety management system in managing construction projects: Benefits and obstacles’, Safety Science, 117, pp.23-32. https://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/handle/10397/94691 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

65. Yong, J.Y., Yusliza, M.Y., Ramayah, T., and Fawehinmi, O. (2019). ‘Nexus between green intellectual capital and green human resource management’, Journal of Cleaner Production. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.306 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

66. Zacharatos, A., Barling, J., and Iverson, R. D. (2005). 'High-Performance Work Systems and Occupational Safety' Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(1), pp. 77–93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.1.77 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

67. Zhu, C., Liu, A. and Chen, G. (2018). ‘High performance work systems and corporate performance: the influence of entrepreneurial orientation and organizational learning’, Frontiers of Business Research in China, 12(4). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s11782-018-0025-y [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• The Indirect Effect of Liquidity and Activity on Company Value with Profitability as an Intervening Variable
• Effect of Financial Skills, Knowledge, and Attitude on The Financial Behaviour of Clergy
• A Decade of Review: Trends in Budget Execution and Financial Performance of Development Projects in Tanzania (2014/15-2023/24)
• The Influence of Pre-Project Planning on the Budget Absorption Rate of Public Funded Infrastructure Projects in Kenya a Comparative Case Study of Narok, Migori, and Kisii County Government Projects
• Assessment of Factors Influencing Digital Transformation in Hotels’ Facility Management in Abuja Metropolis, Nigeria