A Critical Analysis on Environmental Challenges in Bangladesh from 1971 To 2020 and its Impact on Internal Migration.

There are many environmental issues happened in Bangladesh from 1971 to 2020. The study rigorously examined these issues together with the significant impact on patterns of internal migration. The study clarified on complex relationship between environmental events and dynamics of internal migration through a nuanced lens and providing insight into environmental vulnerability and human mobility within the socio-economic context of Bangladesh.

Environmental challenges, internal migration, socio-economic impact, urbanization, hazard.

1. Alamgir, M. (1980). Famine in South Asia: Political economy of mass starvation. Oelgeschlager, Gunn & Hain. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. cluster, F. s. (2015). Adapted from Bangladesh Food Security Cluster,. foodsecuritycluster.net. Retrieved from http://foodsecuritycluster.net/document/ food-security-nutrition-shelter-and-early-recovery-assessment-flood-affected-areas-north, 2015. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Dewan, T. H. (2015). Societal impacts and vulnerability to floods in Bangladesh and Nepal. Weather and Climate Extremes, 7,. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Government, Q. (2023). Soil Salinity Impact. Retrieved from https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/land/management/soil/salinity/impacts, [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Habiba, U. A. (2014). Salinity-Induced Livelihood Stress in Coastal Region of Bangladesh. In Water Insecurity: A Social Dilemma. Emerald Group Publishing Limited., 139-165. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-7262(2013)0000013013, [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Habiba, U. A. (2014). Salinity-induced livelihood stress in the coastal region of Bangladesh. In Water Insecurity: A Social Dilemma. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Hagerly, D. (2008). Bangladesh in 2007: Democracy interrupted, Political and Environmental challenges ahead. Asian Survey, Vol. 48, No. 1,, 177-183. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Hagerly, D. T. (2008). Bangladesh in 2007: Democracy interrupted, political and environmental challenges ahead. Asian Survey, 48(1), 177-183. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Hoffmann, R. (2020). How Do Environmental Factors Influence Migration? Population Europe. Retrieved from https://population-europe.eu/research/policy-insights/how-do-environmental-factors-influence-migration [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Ittefaq. (8 April 2025). Chief Adviser cried to remember the great famine in 1974. Ittefaq. Retrieved from http://www.ittefaq.com.bd/726668/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Md. Zakiul Alam, A. A. (2022). Dynamics of internal migration in Bangladesh: Trends, patterns, determinants, and causes; fig2;. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8843202/#pone.0263878.s001 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263878 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Nabi, A. K. (1992). Dynamics of internal migration in Bangladesh. Canadian Studies in Population, 19,, 81-86. doi: https://doi.org/10.25336/p6b01g [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. news, D. (2019). bangladesh-slum-fire-destroys-thousands-of-homes. DW news. Retrieved from https://www.dw.com/en/bangladesh-slum-fire-destroys-thousands-of-homes/a-50068962, [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Rahman, M. a. (2006). Landlessness and its Impact on Economic Development: A Case Study on Bangladesh,. Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 2, 54-60. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Rehya. (2021). major-cyclones-in-the-history-of-bangladesh. Retrieved from https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/247569/major-cyclones-in-the-history-of-bangladesh, [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Shaheedur Rashid Md Anowar Hossain Md Nazrul Islam, M. A. (2010). Saline Soils of Bangladesh Surveyed. Soil Resource Development Institute Soil Resource Development Institute SRMAF Project Ministry of Agriculture,. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Shahriar, S. (2021). Impacts of Floods and Riverbank Erosions on the Rural Lives and Livelihoods Strategies in Bangladesh: Evidence from Kurigram. Researchgate. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353450374_Impacts_of_Floods_and_Riverbank_Erosions_on_the_Rural_Lives_and_Livelihoods_Strategies_in_Bangladesh_Evidence_from_Kurigram [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Umma Rezoyana, M. K. (2023). Impact of Salinity: A Case Study in Saline Affected Satkhira District;. Open journal of social science , 303. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Walsham, M. (2010). Assessing the evidence: environment, climate change and migration in Bangladesh,. IOM. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• Tribal Child Nutrition and Health in District of Sundargarh: A Public Health Review of ICDS Intervention
• Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards Prostate Cancer Screening Amongst Men Aged 40-60 Years in The Buea Health District: A Cross-Sectional Study
• Compliance with JCI Protocols: A Focus on Employee Safety
• Influence and Involvement of Teachers in Menstrual Hygiene Management of Female Secondary School Students in Kogi State, Nigeria
• A Critical Evaluation of Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana in Bihar