Healthcare Professionals' Perceptions, Anxieties, and Concerns Regarding AI Adoption in Human Resources and Employee Retention in Southwestern Nigeria

This study investigated healthcare professionals’ perceptions, anxieties, and concerns regarding the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in human resources (HR) practices and examined their influence on HR practices in healthcare institutions across South-Western Nigeria. A quantitative survey design was adopted, and data were collected from 600 healthcare professionals drawn equally from Lagos, Oyo, Ogun, Osun, Ondo, and Ekiti States. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. Demographic results showed that 53.0% of respondents were female, 40.0% were aged 41–50 years, and 77.0% had over 11 years of work experience, while 51.3% possessed a bachelor’s degree in healthcare. Correlation analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship between healthcare professionals’ perceptions and HR practices (r = .453, p < .05), anxieties and HR practices (r = .687, p < .05), and concerns and HR practices (r = .374, p < .05). Multiple regression results indicated a strong joint effect of healthcare professionals’ perceptions, anxieties, and concerns on HR practices (R = .699, R² = .489, p < .05), explaining approximately 49% of the variance. Anxiety emerged as the strongest predictor (β = .630), followed by healthcare professionals’ perceptions (β = .195) and concerns (β = .088). The study concludes that AI adoption significantly influences HR practices in healthcare institutions, with healthcare professionals’ anxieties playing a critical role. The study recommends targeted training, awareness programmes, and supportive policies to reduce anxieties and enhance effective AI integration in healthcare HR systems.

Artificial intelligence, Human resources, Healthcare professionals

1. Adeyemi, B., & Adewale, B. (2020). Workforce retention strategies in Nigerian healthcare organizations. International Journal of Health Services Management & Education, 9(2), 56-70. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Adeyemi, B., & Adewale, B. (2020). Workforce retention strategies in Nigerian healthcare organizations. International Journal of Health Services Management & Education, 9(2), 56-70. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Adeyemi, B., & Adewale, B. (2020). Workforce retention strategies in Nigerian healthcare organizations. International Journal of Health Services Management & Education, 9(2), 56-70. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Binns, A., Haslam, S. A., & Reicher, S. D. (2020). Perceptions of AI and human decision-making: The role of trust. Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 3(1), 45-59. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Binns, A., Haslam, S. A., & Reicher, S. D. (2020). Perceptions of AI and human decision-making: The role of trust. Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 3(1), 45-59. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2017). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. W.W. Norton & Company. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2017). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. W.W. Norton & Company. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2017). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. W.W. Norton & Company. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Chui, M., Manyika, J., & Miremadi, M. (2018). Where machines could replace humans—and where they can’t (yet). McKinsey Quarterly. https://www.mckinsey.com [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Chui, M., Manyika, J., & Miremadi, M. (2018). Where machines could replace humans—and where they can’t (yet). McKinsey Quarterly. https://www.mckinsey.com [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Davenport, T. H., Guha, A., & Grewal, D. (2018). How artificial intelligence will change HR. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Davenport, T. H., Guha, A., & Grewal, D. (2018). How artificial intelligence will change HR. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. De Lange, A. H., De Witte, H., & Notelaers, G. (2010). The relationship between job resources, work engagement, and job performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76(2), 255-267. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. De Lange, A. H., De Witte, H., & Notelaers, G. (2010). The relationship between job resources, work engagement, and job performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76(2), 255-267. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. De Lange, A. H., De Witte, H., & Notelaers, G. (2010). The relationship between job resources, work engagement, and job performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76(2), 255-267. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017). The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerization? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 254-280. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017). The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerization? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 114, 254-280. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Hartzband, P., & Groopman, J. (2016). Artificial intelligence in health care: Will the robot replace the doctor? The New England Journal of Medicine, 375(10), 883-885. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Hartzband, P., & Groopman, J. (2016). Artificial intelligence in health care: Will the robot replace the doctor? The New England Journal of Medicine, 375(10), 883-885. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Olakulehin, F. K. (2021). The digital divide in Nigeria’s healthcare sector: Implications for policy and practice. Journal of Health Informatics in Developing Countries, 9(1), 35-47. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Olakulehin, F. K. (2021). The digital divide in Nigeria’s healthcare sector: Implications for policy and practice. Journal of Health Informatics in Developing Countries, 9(1), 35-47. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Olakulehin, F. K. (2021). The digital divide in Nigeria’s healthcare sector: Implications for policy and practice. Journal of Health Informatics in Developing Countries, 9(1), 35-47. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Susskind, R., & Susskind, D. (2015). The Future of the Professions: How Technology Will Transform the Work of Human Experts. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Susskind, R., & Susskind, D. (2015). The Future of the Professions: How Technology Will Transform the Work of Human Experts. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Tambe, P., Cappelli, P., & Yakubovich, V. (2019). Artificial intelligence in human resources management: Challenges and a path forward. California Management Review, 61(4), 15-42. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Tambe, P., Cappelli, P., & Yakubovich, V. (2019). Artificial intelligence in human resources management: Challenges and a path forward. California Management Review, 61(4), 15-42. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• Is Strike Relevant in the Modern Era? Evidence from Indian Manufacturing, IT/Ites, FMCG, Electronics and Emerging Sectors
• A Qualitative Exploration of Work-Life Balance Among Private Universities Lecturers in Klang Valley
• Leadership Styles and Employee Motivation: Examining the Impact on Job Satisfaction and Turnover
• Human Resource Management, Organizational Culture, and Good Governance Practices: A Structural Equation Model on Service Orientation among Government-Owned and Controlled Corporation in Davao Region
• Cost of Silence: Exploring the Impact of Organisational Silence on Employee Engagement