Exploring the Lived Experiences of Para-athletes in Cebu: A Qualitative Study

Authors

Camille M. Cuyag

Cebu Technological University - Argao Campus (Philippines)

Catherine Mae Campos

Cebu Technological University - Argao Campus (Philippines)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100300076

Subject Category: Psychology

Volume/Issue: 10/3 | Page No: 1066-1076

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-02-16

Accepted: 2026-01-21

Published: 2026-03-25

Abstract

This qualitative study explored the lived experiences of para-athletes in Cebu, Philippines, emphasizing how they navigated personal and structural challenges, sustained motivation, and constructed perceptions of their performance. Grounded by Grit Theory, Self-Determination Theory, and Achievement Goal Theory, the study employed in-depth semi-structured interviews with eight para-athletes across diverse sports disciplines. Through Braun and Clarke’s Thematic Analysis, seven core themes emerged: Personal Journey of Growth and Identity, Social Relationships and Emotional Anchors, Challenging Barriers and Advocating for Change, Personal Fulfillment, Continuous Development, Mentorship and Mindset, and Systemic Barriers. Findings reveal that Cebuano para-athletes demonstrated exceptional grit, intrinsic motivation, and self-determination despite encountering discrimination, resource limitations, and inconsistent institutional support. Faith, family, and coaching relationships served as vital sources of encouragement that reinforced their psychological resilience and sense of purpose. The study revealed that parasport served as a transformative avenue for empowerment and inclusion, emphasizing the necessity of sustained governmental and organizational efforts to enhance accessibility, recognition, and equitable opportunities for para-athletes

Keywords

para-athletes, lived experiences, grit

Downloads

References

1. Allan, V., Smith, B., Côté, J., Martin Ginis, K. A., & Latimer-Cheung, A. E. (2017). Narratives of participation among individuals with physical disabilities: A systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 39(3), 203–213. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2016.1141243 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Antolin, J. (2024). Resilience and identity reconstruction among Filipino para-athletes. Philippine Journal of Sports Studies, 12(1), 45–60. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Bacus, R., & Alda, R. (2022). Research ethics in social science research. Rex Book Store. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Duckworth, A. L. (2007). Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(6), 1087–1101. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Gorges, T., Maier, G., & Hager, R. (2018). Participation motives in parasport: A comparison of Paralympic and non-Paralympic athletes. Sport in Society, 21(4), 593–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2017.1349003 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Guest, G., Bunce, A., & Johnson, L. (2006). How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods, 18(1), 59–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X05279903 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Lagundino, J., Cruz, M., & Rivera, P. (2024). Institutional development of parasport in the Philippines. Asian Journal of Sport Management, 9(2), 112–129. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Milles, A. (2017). Regional disparities in sports development in the Philippines. Journal of Philippine Social Sciences, 22(1), 88–102. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Nicholls, J. G. (1984). Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance. Psychological Review, 91(3), 328–346. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.91.3.328 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Noy, C. (2008). Sampling knowledge: The hermeneutics of snowball sampling in qualitative research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 11(4), 327–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645570701401305 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Ojwang, M., Oloo, P., & Mutua, S. (2025). Motivational factors influencing Kenyan para-athletes’ participation in sports. African Journal of Disability Studies, 14(1), 1–12. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Stake, R. E. (1995). The art of case study research. SAGE Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Sumabat, A. (2017). Philippine para-athletes and the pursuit of excellence: Challenges and opportunities. Philippine Journal of Sports Science, 8(2), 25–37. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. United Nations. (2006). Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (A/RES/61/106). United Nations. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). SAGE Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles