Amplifying Youth Voices in the Green Economy: A youth-led Study in Uganda

Authors

Anthony Buyinza Mugeere

Makerere University, Uganda, Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda (Uganda)

Andrew Ellias State

Makerere University, Uganda, Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda (Uganda)

Mollen Munyaneza

Makerere University, Uganda, Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda (Uganda)

Paul S. Magimbi

Makerere University, Uganda, Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda (Uganda)

Gabriel Iguma

Makerere University, Uganda, Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda (Uganda)

Dennis Mwesigwa

Makerere University, Uganda, Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda (Uganda)

Douglas Sserwadda

Makerere University, Uganda, Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda (Uganda)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100800987

Subject Category: Youth

Volume/Issue: 10/8 | Page No: 14447-14461

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-09-03

Accepted: 2026-09-08

Published: 2026-09-23

Abstract

This study examines the aspirations, motivations, and structural barriers that shape young people's engagement with green employment in Uganda. Drawing on a mixed-methods, youth-led research approach combining a survey, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews, the study revealed an overwhelming willingness by young people to engage in green jobs--notably organic farming and recycling activities. While a significant proportion of the respondents indicated that they were not working in their dream jobs, they also expressed pessimism that they would land such decent jobs. Financial constraints, skills deficits, limited land access, and weak policy implementation emerged as the dominant barriers across individual, household, and community levels. Gender disparities further compound these challenges, with young women facing disproportionate obstacles rooted in cultural norms and family expectations. We recommend that unlocking youth potential in Uganda's green economy requires integrated, youth-centred policy reform, gender-responsive programming, and sustained institutional investment.

Keywords

Green jobs, youth employment, Uganda, youth-led methodology, Green economy.

Downloads

References

1. Al-Ammarat, F. M. and Al-Mashaqaba, K. M. (2022). 'The impact of green jobs on the environment', International Journal of Intellectual Human Resource Management, 3(2), pp. 20–26. https://doi.org/10.46988/IJIHRM. 03.02.2022.003 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Barford, A,, & Proefke, R. (2023). Creating spaces for co-research. Journal of the British Academy, 11(s3), 19–42 https://doi.org/10.5871/jba/011s3.019 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Battaglia M., Cerrini E., & Annesi N. (2017). Can Environmental Agreements Represent an Opportunity for Green Jobs? Evidence from Two Italian Experiences. J. Clean. Prod. 2018;175:257–266. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.086 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Bbaale, E., Babyenda, P., Kavuma, S., Kiconco, B., Kyamugabwa, A., Sebukeera, H., Nakigudde, C., Wainaina, S., and Mabugu, R. (2023). What works for youth employment in Africa: Empirical review of youth employment policies and their impact in Uganda. PEP-Mastercard Foundation. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Bhatta, K. (2017). 'Gender equality and social inclusion in vocational education and training', Journal of Advanced Academic Research, 3(2), pp. 29–39. https://doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v3i2.16753 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Bowen A., Kuralbayeva K., & Tipoe E.L. (2019). Characterising Green Employment: The Impacts of ‘Greening’ on Workforce Composition Energy Economics. 2018;72:263–275. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2018.03.015 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. BTI (2024). Uganda Country Report. Bertelsmann Stiftung. https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country- report/UGA [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Elder, S. & Kring, S. (2016). Young and female – a double strike? Gender analysis of school-to-work transition surveys in 32 developing countries. Work4Youth Publication Series No. 32. Geneva: International Labour Organisation. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. European Union Green Deal. (2019). Available online: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green deal_en -- accessed on June 30, 2026.. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). (2018). Uganda Green Growth Development Strategy. FAOLEX. https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC228004 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Global Initiative on Decent Jobs for Youth (GIDJY). (2017). Green jobs for youth: Boosting decent jobs for young people. Greening the economy. Geneva: ILO. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Government of Uganda. (2017). Uganda Green Growth Development Strategy (UGGDS) 2017/18–2030/31. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. IFAD Strategic Framework. (2016). Enabling inclusive and sustainable rural transformation. ISBN 978-92-9072-651-7 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. ILO (International Labour Organisation). (2015). Gender equality and green jobs. Geneva: ILO. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. ILO (International Labour Organisation). (2019). Skills for a greener future: A global view. Geneva: ILO. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. ILO (International Labour Organisation). (2021). What is a green job? Geneva: ILO. https://www.ilo.org/resource/ article/what-green-job [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. ILO (International Labour Organisation) (2022). Green works to support a just transition. Just Transition Policy Brief. Geneva: ILO. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Kish, L (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. London, J.K. (2007), ‘Power and Pitfalls of Youth Participation in Community-Based Action Research’, Children, Youth and Environments, 17(2): 406–32. https://doi.org/10.1353/cye.2007.0078 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Maia, J.; Giordano, T.; Kelder, N.; Bardien, G.; Bodibe, M.; Du Plooy, P.; Jafta, X.; Jarvis, D.; Kruger-Cloete, E.; [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Kuhn, G.; Leplelle, R.; Makaulue, L.; Mosoma, K.; Neoh, S.; Netsitomboni, N.; Ngozo, T.; Swanepoel, J. (2011): [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Maia, A., Chang, Y., & Richard, A. (2024). Enhancing green career guidance systems for sustainable futures. OECD Education Working Papers, No. 318. https://doi.org/10.1787/e6ad2d9c-en [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (2013). National Agriculture Policy. Kampala: Government of Uganda. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Ministry of Water and Environment (2013). National Climate Change Policy. Kampala: Government of Uganda. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Mwaura, G. and Glover, D. (2021). Green jobs for young people in Africa: Work in progress. VOCEDplus. https:// www.voced.edu.au/content/ngv:91736 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) (2021). Annual Corporate Report for Financial Year 2021/2022. Kampala: NEMA. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. National Planning Authority. (2025). The National Development Plan IV (2025/2026-2030/2031). Kampala, Uganda. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. OECD. (1999). Environmental Indicators for Agriculture: Concepts and Framework Volume 1, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264173873-en. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Okijie, S. R., Effiong, U. E., & Iriabije, A. O. (2023). 'Youth demographics and their role in sustainable development: Emphasis on the 2030 Agenda', European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 1(6), pp. 89–104. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(6).09 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Poschen, P. (2014). Decent work, green jobs and the sustainable economy. OECD Green Growth Studies. https:// doi.org/10.1787/9789264208704-en [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Renner, M., Sweeney, S., & Kubit, J. (2008). Green jobs: Towards decent work in a sustainable, low-carbon world. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Rodríguez J.L. (2019). The Promotion of Both Decent and Green Jobs through Cooperatives. Boletín Asoc. Int. Derecho Coop. 2019;54:115–129. doi: 10.18543/baidc-54-2019pp115-129. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Slavova, M., Heuër, A., & Agster, R. (2015). Growing green and inclusive entrepreneurship for sustainable development in South Africa. GIBS, SEED, UNEP. DOI:10.13140/RG.2.1.4021.0406 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Stanef-Puică MR, Badea L, Șerban-Oprescu GL, Șerban-Oprescu A., Frâncu, L., & Crețu, A. (2022). Green Jobs-A Literature Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022 Jun 29;19(13):7998. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19137998. PMID: 35805657; PMCID: PMC9265737. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Stenaf-Puca A., Rutkowska M., & Popławski. (2020). Green Jobs, Definitional Issues, and the Employment of Young People: An Analysis of Three European Union Countries. Journal of Environmental. Manag. 2020;262:110314. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110314. [DOI] [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Uganda Constitution. (1995). Kampala, Uganda. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) (2015). Gender and climate change: Overview of linkages between gender and climate change. New York: UNDP. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (2008). Green jobs: Towards decent work in a sustainable, low- carbon world. Geneva: ILO/UNEP. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (2022). Goal 1: No Poverty. Nairobi: UNEP. https:// www.unep.org/topics/sustainable-development-goals/why-do-sustainable-development-goals-matter/goal-1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. Urban, P., Vasileios R., Ounnas, A., Kassab, A., & Kalantaryan, H. 2023. Jobs for the Green Transition. Definitions, classifications and emerging trends. September, 2023 – 12. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. Van der Ree K. (2019). Promoting Green Jobs: Decent Work in the Transition to Low-Carbon, Green Economies. International Development. Policy. 2019;11:248–271. doi: 10.4000/poldev.3107. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. Villani, D., Gonzalez Vasquez, I. & Fernandez M, E. (2025). Green Jobs. A critique of the occupational approach to measure the employment implications of the green transition, European Commission, Seville, 2025, JRC140967. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. World Bank (2019). Youth employment policy note: Addressing the youth’ employment challenge in Uganda. Washington, DC: World Bank. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Zabin, C. (2020). Putting California on the high road: A jobs and climate action plan for 2030. Berkeley: UC Berkeley Labor Center. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5dx7c506 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles