Analyzing the Least Mastered Competencies in Chemical Reactions Among Grade 10 Learners

This study aimed to analyze the least mastered competencies in chemical reactions among Grade 10 learners. Specifically, it sought to determine the learners’ performance in chemical reactions, and identify the least mastered competencies in a chemical reaction. The study employed a quantitative descriptive research design using a competency-based questionnaire developed from the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs) in Chemical Reactions. The questionnaire covered balancing chemical equations, types of chemical reactions, examples of chemical reactions, and the law of conservation of mass. A total of 150 Grade 10 learners from different sections one of a public school in Jolo, Sulu participated in the study during the School Year 2025–2026. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Mean Percentage Score (MPS). The results revealed that most learners (96.67%) obtained scores within the “Did Not Meet Expectation” level, indicating low mastery of chemical reaction competencies. Among the competencies assessed, Balancing Chemical Equations was identified as the least mastered competency, with an MPS of 22.31. This was followed by Types of Chemical Reactions (24.62) and Examples of Chemical Reactions (24.67), both interpreted as Low Mastery. Conservation of Mass obtained the highest MPS of 25.07 and was interpreted as Average Mastery. The study concludes that Grade 10 learners demonstrated limited mastery of competencies in chemical reactions, particularly in balancing chemical equations. The results emphasize the need for strategic instructional support and targeted intervention to enhance learner understanding in these critical areas of chemistry.

balancing chemical equation, chemical equation

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