Competency of Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Emergency Responders (MDRRMER) in the 5th District of Camarines Sur
Authors
University of Saint Anthony (Philippines)
Article Information
Publication Timeline
Submitted: 2026-06-17
Accepted: 2026-06-22
Published: 2026-07-10
Abstract
Trauma, a major public health issue, refers to physical injuries resulting from external force, accidents, or violence, often requiring urgent and complex medical intervention to ensure survival and recovery. This study assessed the trauma management competency of MDRRMER in the 5th District of Camarines Sur. A descriptive correlational design was employed, utilizing a validated questionnaire checklist administered to all 110 MDRRMER from the municipalities of Baao, Balatan, Bato, Buhi, Bula, and Nabua through total enumeration. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, weighted mean, ranking) and Chi-square tests were utilized to summarize the profile and significant relationship between the demographic profile and the level of core competency.
Findings showed that the largest group of the respondents were aged 25-29 years old, male, and college graduates. Most had 1-3 years of experience in emergency response and received Basic Life Support training related to trauma management. Overall, MDRRMER were very competent in risk assessment and planning, capacity building and training, operations and response coordination, and public awareness and communication, while logistics and financial management were rated competent. Statistical tests showed no significant link between sex and educational attainment and the level of core competency, but age, years of experience, and training received were significantly related. Based on identified gaps such as the shortage of trauma supplies and medical equipment during emergencies, an Enhanced Trauma Management and Disaster Operations Training Program was proposed to strengthen the trauma care capabilities and operational readiness of MDRRMER
Keywords
Trauma Management, Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Emergency Responders, Competency
Downloads
References
1. Abdulaziz Ibrahim ALmarwan, Hamoud Saad S Almatrafi,Abdullah Saud O Alharbi, Faris Abdullah M Alotaibi,Mohammed Abdulmohsen Al-Sulmi,Abdulaziz Abdullah Albalawi,Amir Ali Alanzi, Ali Salamah Alanazi. (2025). Barriers To Accessing Emergency Medical Services In Remote Regions: A Red Crescent Case Study. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research , 39–52. https://doi.org/10.63278/jicrcr.vi.3410 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
2. American College of Surgeons. (2026). Advanced Trauma Life Support. https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/trauma/education/advanced-trauma-life-support/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
3. Asian Development Bank. (2024). Disaster risk management action plan, 2024–2030: Redoubling action toward disaster resilience. https://reliefweb.int/report/world/disaster-risk-management-action-plan-2024-2030-redoubling-action-toward-disaster-resilience [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
4. Baik, D., Yi, N., Han, O., & Kim, Y. (2024). Trauma nursing competency in the emergency department: a concept analysis. BMJ open, 14(6), e079259. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079259 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
5. Bixio, M., Carenzo, L., Accurso, G., Balagna, R., Bazurro, S., Chiarini, G., Cortegiani, A., Faraldi, L., Fontana, C., Giannarzia, E., Giarratano, A., Molineris, E., Raineri, S. M., & Marin, P. (2024). Management of critically ill patients in austere environments: good clinical practice by the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI). Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care, 4(1), 74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s44158-024-00209-8 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
6. Boyer, M. (2025, October 2-3). Improving emergency preparedness – Tools and examples [Workshop presentation]. TAFF Workshop, Brussels, Belgium. Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery. https://www.gfdrr.org/sites/default/files/2025-10/TAFF%20October%20Workshop_%20Improving%20Emergency%20Preparedness%20%E2%80%93%20Tools%20and%20Examples.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
7. Brodin, W., Jonson, C. O., Johansson, M., & Prytz, E. (2026). Exploring teamwork, trust, and emergency response competence in emergent ad-hoc immediate responder groups: an experimental simulation study. Ergonomics, 69(4), 682–692. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2025.2478256 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
8. Burke, R. V., Cadet, J., Quintanilla, N. A., Knieser, L., Kirsch, T. D., Wada, N. I., Unruh, L., Rainwater-Lovett, K., & Freeman, J. D. (2026). Updated Core Competencies for Disaster Medicine and Public Health. JAMA network open, 9(2), e2560176. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.60176 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
9. Caponnetto, P., Senia, P., Prezzavento, G. C., Uccelli, E., Vitale, N. M., Rapisarda, V., Fusco, F. A., Sferrazzo, G., Vella, F., & Vitale, E. (2026). Driving in emergency medical service settings: a cross-sectional study of clinical psychological factors and perceived stress in a sample of ambulance drivers. Frontiers in public health, 14, 1773290. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1773290 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
10. CARE Philippines. (2026). Disaster response. CARE Philippines. https://care-philippines.org/category/reports-publications/topic/disaster-response/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
11. del Rosario, J. S. A. (2023). Disaster management programs of select members of the Metro Naga Development Council in the province of Camarines Sur [Paper presentation]. International Research Conference on Multidisciplinary Innovation and Best Practices in Education (IRCMIBPE), Manila, Philippines. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
12. Delaney, P. G., Eisner, Z. J., Pine, H., Klapow, M., Thullah, A. H., Bamuleke, R., Nuur, I. M., & Raghavendran, K. (2024). Leveraging transportation providers to deploy lay first responder (LFR) programs in three sub-Saharan African countries without formal emergency medical services: Evaluating longitudinal impact and cost-effectiveness. Injury, 55(5), 111505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2024.111505 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
13. Ferrer, J. (2026). Disaster Risk Reduction, Preparedness, and Resilience in the Philippines: A Systematic Narrative Literature Review. Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 4(5), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2026.092 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
14. GMA Regional TV News. (2024). 1,921 road mishaps in Camarines Sur from January to May 2024. GMA Network. https://www.gmanetwork.com/regionaltv/news/102203/1921-road-mishaps-in-camarines-sur-from-january-to-may-2024/story/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
15. Makkink, A. W., & Nkhoma, B. E. (2025). Gender discrimination in the emergency services: Female paramedic experiences in South Africa. African journal of primary health care & family medicine, 17(1), e1–e11. https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v17i1.4945 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
16. Mañalac, G. A. A., Constantino, A. J. E., Baylocon, A. J. B., Calagday, H. A., De la Cruz III, R. J., Natalio, A. L., Alolor, N. D. D., & Dacumos, S. M. C. (2026). Preparedness level of flood-prone residents in a selected local community. Ignatian International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 4(3), 1500–1513. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19317890 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
17. Mohsenzadeh, Y., Farrokhi, M., Saatchi, M., Pisheh, E. G., & Khankeh, H. (2025). A scoping review of factors affecting disaster risk communication, 2000-2023. Journal of education and health promotion, 14, 519. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_1099_24 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
18. National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. (2020). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) 2020–2030: Results-based monitoring and evaluation plan. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
19. Olea, J., Luzon, W. M., Martirez, B. F., Florece, J. T., Ramos, A. C., & Yu, M. D. (2025). Triage management of trauma patients among the hospitals in the 5th District of Camarines Sur: Intervention for rapid assessment and care. Research and Analysis Journal, 8(12), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.18535/raj.v8i12.576 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
20. Philippine News Agency. (2026). DOH-Bicol records 61 fireworks-related injuries. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1241124 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
21. Pojas, L. (2024). Impact of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Program on Public Schools in Angono Rizal: Inputs to Develop an Enhanced Contingency Plan. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4966595 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
22. Polat, M., & Köse, G. (2025). Evaluation of paramedics education in emergency health services. BMC medical education, 25(1), 1649. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-08268-3 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
23. Richardson, K. J., McDuffie, J. D., & Cooper, T. D. (2024). The capable emergency management professional: Emerging competencies for a changing world. In L. M. Phipps & D. A. McEntire (Eds.), Current and emerging trends in the management of international disasters (Chapter 17). University of Texas at Arlington Libraries. https://uta.pressbooks.pub/trendsininternationaldisastermanagement/chapter/the_capable_emergency_management_professional/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
24. Sagun, M. G. C. (2025). Disaster mitigation response of selected municipalities and city in the 5th District of the Province of Pangasinan. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR), 11(11), 1–?. https://doi.org/10.36713/epra24852 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
25. Şahin, N. E., & Karaca, T. (2025). Disaster response self-efficacy and disaster preparedness levels of Turkish nurses: A cross-sectional study. BMC emergency medicine, 25(1), 158. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-025-01299-5 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
26. Surtees, J. E., & Lambert, C. V. (2026). Maintenance of competence in rarely performed clinical skills by advanced life support providers in Gauteng, South Africa: A mixed-methods study. African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence, 16(1), 100932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afjem.2025.100932 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
27. Tang, J., Chang, H., & Feng, J. (2024). Development of a disaster preparedness training program for community leaders: Evidence from Taiwan. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 108, 104517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104517 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
28. Tegelan, A. D. F. (2026). From risk to action: Identifying risk-sensitive policy interventions and entry points for mainstreaming climate and disaster risk assessment into local plans. UP Resilience Institute. https://resilience.up.edu.ph/from-risk-to-action-identifying-risk-sensitive-policy-interventions-and-entry-points-for-mainstreaming-climate-and-disaster-risk-assessment-into-local-plans/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
29. Usoro, A., Mehmood, A., Rapaport, S., Ezeigwe, A. K., Adeyeye, A., Akinlade, O., Dias, J., Barnett, D. J., Hsu, E. B., Tower, C., & Razzak, J. (2023). A Scoping Review of the Essential Components of Emergency Medical Response Systems for Mass Casualty Incidents. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness, 17, e274. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2022.235 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
30. World Health Organization (WHO). (2024). Three Philippine Emergency Medical Assistance Teams — ready for international deployment based on WHO standards. https://www.who.int/philippines/news/detail/19-09-2024-three-philippine-emergency-medical-assistance-teams---ready-for-international-deployment-based-on-who-standards [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
31. Yildiz, A., & Shaw, R. (Eds.). (2024). Disaster and climate risk education: Insights from knowledge to action. Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5987-3 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Metrics
Views & Downloads
Similar Articles
- Ayurveda and Skin Health: A Comprehensive Framework for the Management of Dermatological Disorders
- Gender and Political Exclusion: An Analysis of Women's Marginalization in India's Democracy
- Safety Standards Compliance among Universities Employees in Nairobi County, Kenya During the Covid-19 Pandemic
- Cedi Appreciation Relative to Fuel Prices - A Machine Learning and Ancient Geomantic Approach