Cooperative Learning Engagement, Resilience, and Performance in Mathematics of Senior High School Students

Authors

Arlyn Joy D. Habana

Negros Occidental High School, Philippines (Philippines)

Ma. Quincy D. Dones

La Carlota City College, Philippines (Philippines)

Julius D. Habana

La Carlota City College, Philippines (Philippines)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100800040

Subject Category: Education

Volume/Issue: 10/8 | Page No: 513-526

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-08-11

Accepted: 2026-08-17

Published: 2026-08-25

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship among cooperative learning engagement, mathematical resilience, and mathematics performance of Senior High School students. Utilizing a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design, the study was conducted among 205 Grade 12 students enrolled in the Business and Entrepreneurship cluster of a high school in the Negros Island Region during the school year 2026–2027. Data were gathered through a structured survey questionnaire adapted from validated instruments. Cooperative learning engagement was measured across four dimensions: positive interdependence, individual accountability, promotive interaction, and group processing. Mathematical resilience was assessed across three dimensions: value, struggle, and growth. Mathematics performance was measured using official school records to ensure objectivity and accuracy. Findings revealed that students demonstrated a very high level of engagement in cooperative learning and mathematical resilience. In terms of mathematics performance, students demonstrated an advanced level.
Furthermore, significant relationships were found among cooperative learning engagement, mathematical resilience, and mathematics performance. These findings indicate that students who actively engage in cooperative learning and demonstrate greater mathematical resilience tend to perform better in mathematics. The results highlight the importance of creating collaborative and supportive learning environments that encourage active participation, shared responsibility, persistence, and positive attitudes toward mathematics. The study further emphasizes the potential of cooperative learning strategies to strengthen students' mathematical resilience and improve mathematics learning outcomes. These findings provide useful insights for teachers, school administrators, and curriculum planners in designing learning experiences that promote collaboration, resilience, and academic achievement in mathematics among Senior High School students.

Keywords

Mathematics

Downloads

References

1. Awofala, A. O. A. (2021). Assessing the level of mathematical resilience and academic performance in mathematics: A correlational study among senior high school students. Journal of Mathematics Education, 14(2), 45–58. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Balanza, M., Crisan, C., & Simpson, A. (2023). Encountering failure and anxiety in secondary mathematics: The protective role of mathematical resilience. International Journal of Educational Research, 118(1), 102–115. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. British Journal of Teacher Education and Pedagogy. (2025). Cooperative learning, mathematical achievement, and student affect: A study on Grade 8 students in Philippine schools. British Journal of Teacher Education and Pedagogy, 8(3), 89–104. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10113 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Deutsch, M. (1949). A theory of cooperation and competition. Human Relations, 2(2), 129–152. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872674900200204 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Fernández-Río, J., Cecchini, J. A., Morgan, K., Méndez-Giménez, A., & Lloyd, R. (2022). Validation of the Cooperative Learning Scale and Cooperation Global Factor using bifactor structural equation modeling. Psicología Educativa, 28(2), 91–97. https://doi.org/10.5093/psed2021a2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Frontiers in Education. (2021). Mathematical problem-solving through cooperative learning—The importance of peer acceptance and friendships. Frontiers in Education, 6(710296), 1–12. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Gillies, R. M. (2023). Unlocking the power of togetherness: Exploring the impact of cooperative learning on peer relationships, academic support, and gains. Science Education International, 34(2), 112–124. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1989). Cooperation and competition: Theory and research. Interaction Book Company. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Johnston-Wilder, S., Lee, C., & Mackrell, K. (2021). Addressing mathematics anxiety through developing resilience: Building on self-determination theory. Creative Education, 12(9), 2098–2115. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.129161 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology. (2026). Modeling the impact of collaborative learning and motivation on senior high school mathematics achievement. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 8(1), 45–59. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Kooken, J., Welsh, M. E., McCoach, D. B., Johnston-Wilder, S., & Lee, C. (2016). Development and validation of the Mathematical Resilience Scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 49(3), 217–242. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748175615596782 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Learning Policy Institute. (2024). Positive conditions for mathematics learning: An overview of the research. Learning Policy Institute Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Libiado, J. B., & Canuto, M. T. (2023). Enhancing mathematical competence through peer tutoring and game-based learning strategies. Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(7), 214–229. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume I): The state of learning and equity in education. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Philippine E-Journals. (2024). Collaboration to enhance students' mathematics performance: Perceptions and behavioral engagement. Philippine E-Journals, 11(2), 154–168. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Richardson, G. E. (2002). The metatheory of resilience and resiliency. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(3), 307–321. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.10020 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Science Education International. (2023). Unlocking the power of togetherness: Exploring the impact of cooperative learning on peer relationships, academic support, and learning gains in secondary school. Science Education International, 34(3), 185–196. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Tafirenyika, M. (2021). Dynamics of peer groups in secondary education: How active collaboration shapes behavior and engagement. African Journal of Educational Studies, 19(2), 77–91. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Talikan, S. A. (2024). Academic resilience in mathematics among senior high school students at MSU-Sulu. Mindanao Educational Review, 12(1), 34–48. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Vale, I., & Barbosa, A. (2020). Logical reasoning, critical thinking, and problem-solving in the mathematics classroom. Mathematics Education Review, 29(4), 311–326. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles