Cost of Silence: Exploring the Impact of Organisational Silence on Employee Engagement

Authors

Noor Ahnis Othman

Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, (Malaysia)

Alia Julia Ali Jaafar

Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, (Malaysia)

Luqman Hakim Fazilah Shuhaimi

TS Global Network (Malaysia)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2025.922ILEIID0029

Subject Category: Human Resource Management

Volume/Issue: 9/22 | Page No: 300-306

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2025-09-22

Accepted: 2025-09-30

Published: 2025-10-22

Abstract

In most organisations, silence speaks louder than words. When employees choose to withhold ideas, feedback, or concerns, organisational silence can quietly undermine the foundations of employee engagement, eroding trust, collaboration, and performance. Although this relationship has been studied internationally, its dynamics within the Malaysian private information technology (IT) sector remain underexplored, where the nature of work may intensify silence. This study aims to investigate the impact of three types of organisational silence—acquiescent, defensive, and prosocial—on employee engagement. Established frameworks on silence and employee engagement will guide the study. A quantitative approach will be employed, using a structured online questionnaire distributed to purposively selected IT private sector employees within Klang Valley. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses will be utilised to identify patterns, relationships, and the type of silence that contributes most to employee engagement. The study is expected to provide both theoretical and practical contributions by offering culturally relevant insights for Malaysian organisations. Findings are anticipated to guide leaders and human resource professionals in mitigating the adverse effects of silence.

Keywords

Organisational Silence, Employee Engagement, Information Technology

Downloads

References

1. Al-Abrrow, H. A. (2022). The effect of perceived organisational politics on organisational silence through organisational cynicism: Moderator role of perceived support. Journal of Management & Organization, 28(4), 754-773. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Cetin, A. (2020). Organisational silence and organisational commitment: a study of Turkish sport managers. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 8(2), 0-0. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Creese, J., Byrne, J. P., Matthews, A., McDermott, A. M., Conway, E., & Humphries, N. (2021). “I feel I have no voice”: hospital doctors' workplace silence in Ireland. Journal of Health Organisation and Management, 35(9), 178-194. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Hamouche, S. (2021). Covid-19, Physical Distancing in the Workplace, and Employees’ Mental Health: Implications and Insights for Organisational Interventions—Narrative Review. Psychiatria Danubina, 33(2), 202-208. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Hosseini, S. M., & Rakhshani, J. (2025). Conceptual model of factors affecting organisational silence. RISUS – Journal on Innovation and Sustainability, 16(1), 152–162. https://doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2025v16i1p152-162 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Joseph, S., & Shetty, N. (2022). An empirical study on the impact of employee voice and silence on destructive leadership and organisational culture. Asian Journal of Business Ethics, 11(Suppl 1), 85-109. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work. The Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Kassandrinou, M., Lainidi, O., Mouratidis, C., & Montgomery, A. (2023). Employee silence, job burnout and job engagement among teachers: The mediational role of psychological safety. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 13(5), 1156–1174. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2023.2213302 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Kaur, D. (2023). Drivers of employee engagement impacting employee performance. International Journal of Research in Human Resource Management, 5(2), 28-36. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Lainidi, O., Johnson, J., Griffin, B., Koutsimani, P., Mouratidis, C., Keyworth, C., & O’Connor, D. B. (2025). Associations between burnout, employee silence and voice: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychology & Health, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2025.2509074 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Montgomery, A., Lainidi, O., Johnson, J., Creese, J., Baathe, F., Baban, A., ... & Vohra, V. (2023). Employee silence in health care: Charting new avenues for leadership and management. Health Care Management Review, 48(1), 52-60. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Morrison, E. W., & Milliken, F. J. (2000). Organisational silence: A barrier to change and development in a pluralistic world. Academy of Management review, 25(4), 706-725. https://doi.org/10.2307/259200 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Pinder, G. and Harlos, H.P. (2001) Employee Silence: Quiescence and Acquiescence as Responses to Perceived Injustice. Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, 20, 331-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-7301(01)20007-3 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of managerial psychology, 21(7), 600-619. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Tham, J. S., Ali, A. A. M., & Zhang, T. H. (2022). Predicting the role of organisational listening and job resources in job engagement. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 38(2), 107-126. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Van Dyne, L., S. Ang, and I. S. Botero. 2003. “Conceptualising Employee Silence and Employee Voice as Multidimensional Constructs.” Journal of Management Studies 40 (6): 1359–1392. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00384 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Walumbwa, F. O., & Schaubroeck, J. (2009). Leader personality traits and employee voice behaviour: mediating roles of ethical leadership and work group psychological safety. Journal of applied psychology, 94(5), 1275. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Wang, Z., Ren, S., Chadee, D., & Chen, Y. (2024). Employee ethical silence under exploitative leadership: the roles of work meaningfulness and moral potency. Journal of Business Ethics, 190(1), 59-76. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Wen, S., Ji, W., Gao, D. et al. (2025). Heeding the voices of nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis of organisational silence levels among clinical nurses. BMC Nurs 24, 552. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03138-1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Yang, J., Wang, B., Liao, Y., Yang, F., & Qian, J. (2025). Silence as a Quiet Strategy: Understanding the Consequences of Workplace Ostracism Through the Lens of Sociometer Theory. Behavioral Sciences, 15(8), 1022. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Yen, Y. Y., & Yeong, T. J. (2024). Organisational silence in private small and medium enterprises in Malaysia. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(14), 8084. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd8084 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles