Organizational Commitment and Transformational Leadership Style as Determinants of Teaching Performance in Public Elementary Schools

Authors

Melanie Lyn C. Academia

MAED – Educational Management Holy Cross of Davao College (Philippines)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100601092

Subject Category: Education

Volume/Issue: 10/6 | Page No: 15569-15579

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-06-25

Accepted: 2026-06-30

Published: 2026-07-13

Abstract

Poor teaching performance persists. The effectiveness of organizational commitment and a transformational leadership style on teaching performance was examined. Using a diagnostic research design with a sample of 148 respondents selected through stratified random sampling, a survey approach, and multiple linear regression for data analysis, the findings revealed that leader commitment and transformational leadership have a significant impact on the criterion. To some degree, this finding confirms the Theory of Planned Behavior. Future studies may include additional variables to explain the remaining 77.7% of the variance in teaching performance that was not explained by organizational commitment and transformational leadership style. Researchers could also see a qualitative research design as an opportunity to investigate teachers' experiences, perceptions, and views in greater detail.

Keywords

Organizational commitment, transformational leadership style, teaching performance, public elementary schools

Downloads

References

1. Adeyemi, T. O., & Adedoyin, O. O. (2023). Teaching effectiveness and student academic performance in primary schools in Nigeria. International Journal of Educational Research, 118, 102137. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Prentice-Hall. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1995). MLQ multifactor leadership questionnaire. Mind Garden. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Belando Pedreño, N. (2021). Questionnaire evaluating teaching competencies in the university environment (CEID). ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273338074 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Besekar, S., Jogdand, S., & Naqvi, W. (2023). Sample size in educational research: A rapid synthesis. F1000Research, 12, 1291. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Chin, J. M.-C., Ching, G. S., del Castillo, F., Wen, T.-H., Huang, Y.-C., del Castillo, C. D., Gungon, J. L., & Trajera, S. M. (2022). Perspectives on the barriers to and needs of teachers' professional development in the Philippines during COVID-19. Sustainability, 14(1), 470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010470 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2021). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Darling-Hammond, L., Flook, L., Cook-Harvey, C., Barron, B., & Osher, D. (2023). Implications for educational practice of the science of learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 27(2), 97–140. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Esponda-Pérez, J. A. (2024). Extent of teachers' organizational commitment among university school teachers. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378125561 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Etikan, I., & Bala, K. (2023). Sampling and sampling methods. Biometrics & Biostatistics International Journal, 12(1), 1–5. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Fischer, F., Boone, W. J., & Neumann, K. (2023). Educational research design and data analysis. Journal of Educational Research, 116(2), 85–99. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Fulk, J. (2023). Descriptive statistics in educational research. Educational Research Review, 39, 100501. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Garcia, E., & Weiss, E. (2024). Teacher shortages and the factors that influence teacher retention. Economic Policy Institute Report. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Global Partnership for Education. (2021). Kenya: Investing in education for a better future. https://www.globalpartnership.org/results/country-journeys/kenya-investing-education-better-future [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Khan, M. A., Ismail, F. B., Hussain, A., & Alghazali, B. (2022). The interplay of leadership styles and teacher performance. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 50(6), 1015–1032. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Misner, L., & Carr, T. (2023). Survey research methods in education. Journal of Applied Educational Research, 8(1), 45–60. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Nguyen, T. T., Nguyen, L. T., & Tran, T. Q. (2023). Organizational commitment and employee performance: Evidence from the education sector. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, 30(2), 123–138. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Nwiyi, G. U., & Nweke, P. O. (2022). Teacher effectiveness and classroom performance in Nigerian schools. African Journal of Teacher Education, 11(1), 55–70. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Nwoko, J. C., Okeke, M. C., & Eze, P. N. (2023). A systematic review of the factors that influence teacher performance. International Journal of Educational Development, 98, 102742. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2021). Education in Brazil. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/education/education-in-brazil-60a667f7-en.htm [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. (2023, December 18). Embracing challenges, envisioning solutions: Advancing teacher education and development in the Philippines (Policy Note No. 2023-22). https://doi.org/10.62986/pn2023.22 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Putra, I. G. N. A., Sudarma, M., & Suprasto, H. B. (2023). The effect of transformational leadership and organizational commitment on teacher performance. International Journal of Educational Management, 37(3), 567–582. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Reciña, M. B., Torres, R. M., & Lopez, J. A. (2022). Organizational commitment and teacher job performance: Evidence from public schools. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 42(4), 789–805. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Resnik, D. B. (2023). What is ethics in research & why is it important? National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. https://www.niehs.nih.gov [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Retnawati, H., Munadi, S., Arlinwibowo, J., Wulandari, N. F., & Sulistyaningsih, E. (2023). Teachers' difficulties in implementing curriculum reforms in Indonesia. International Journal of Instruction, 16(1), 345–360. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Rizk, M. (2023). Correlation analysis in educational research. Journal of Educational Statistics, 12(2), 88–102. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Roustaei, N. (2024). Multiple regression analysis in social science research. Journal of Quantitative Methods, 8(1), 15–29. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Singh, A., Romero, M., & Muralidharan, K. (2022). COVID-19 learning loss and recovery: Panel data evidence from India (RISE Working Paper 22/112). https://riseprogramme.org [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Sinsay-Villanueva, L. M., Garcia, G. D. V., Lim, V. L., Tanyag, I. H., Berroya, J. B., Orbeta, A. C., Jr., & Rivera, J. P. R. (2025). Quality education starting with teacher education (Discussion Paper 2025-04). Philippine Institute for Development Studies. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2025.04 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Sullivan, G. M. (2011). A primer on the validity of assessment instruments. Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 3(2), 119–120. https://doi.org/10.4300/JGME-D-11-00075.1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Sutcher, L., Darling-Hammond, L., & Carver-Thomas, D. (2023). A coming crisis in teaching? Teacher supply, demand, and shortages. Learning Policy Institute. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti. (2021). Time to teach: Teacher attendance and time on task in primary schools in Nigeria. https://www.unicef.org [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. World Bank. (2023). World development report 2023: Learning recovery. World Bank. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Yacon, J. M., & Cayaban, A. R. (2023). Transformational leadership and adaptive performance in international schools in the Philippines. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367390524 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles