Predictors of Performance in the Philippine Nurses Licensure Examination of the University of Saint Anthony from 2018 To 2021

The study's primary focus is to identify the predictors of performance in the Philippine Nurses Licensure Examination (PNLE) among University of Saint Anthony (USANT) Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) graduates from 2018 to 2021 and propose interventions to enhance performance for prospective candidates. It addresses issues such as Professional Regulation Commission records for first-timers, repeaters, overall performance, academic performance in Anatomy and Physiology, English, Nursing Care Management (NCM) theory, and Related Learning Experience (RLE), and the correlation between academic performance and performance in the PNLE.

Predictors, Performance, Nurses, Examination

1. Academic performance. Ballotpedia. (n.d.). https://ballotpedia.org/Academic performance#:~:text=Academic%20performance%20is%20the%20measurement,and%20results%20from%20standardized%20tests. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Alharbi, M. F., & Yakout, S. M. (2018, December 1). English language proficiency and academic performance of Nursing Students speaking English as a second language. Pielegniarstwo XXI Wieku / Nursing in the 21st Century, 17(4), 5–11. https://doi.org/10.2478/pielxxiw-2018-0035 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Almazan, J. U. (2019, January 1). Nursing Students’ academic performance and Success in Nursing Licensure Examination: A narrative literature review [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Al Mekkawi, M., et al. (2020). The effect of remediation program in preparing nursing students for a licensure examination. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(3), 49. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Al-Saqri, Gabriel, & Corpus. (2020). The predictive strength of academic performance in passing the Philippine nurse licensure examination. KSA Scholar International Journal of Innovation, Creativity, and Change, 13(1), 425–437. https://ksascholar.dri.sa/en/publications/the-predictive-strength-of-academic-performance-in-passing-the-ph-2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Amador, M. (2022, November 15). Half of Quebec nursing students fail September licensing exam, probe launched. Global News. Retrieved January 29, 2023, from https://globalnews.ca/news/9278800/quebec-nursing-exam-complaints-probe/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Amanonce, J. C. T., & Maramag, A. M. (2020, September 1). Licensure examination performance and academic achievement of teacher education graduates. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 9(3), 510. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20614 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Amboy, M. K., Penuela, A. C., Belo-Delariarte, R. G., & Oducado, Ryan Michael, R. M. (2019, December). Correlation between Theoretical Classroom Instruction and Related Learning Experiences: Evidence from a Philippine Nursing University, Online Submission, ERIC - ED603042 - Retrieved May 27, 2023, from https://eric.ed.gov/ED603042 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Armstrong, D. (2008). Grade level of achievement reporting: Teacher and administrator handbook. Alberta Education. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Attribution theory (B. Weiner). (2018, January 19). Retrieved November 10, 2021, from Instructionaldesign.org website: https://www.instructionaldesign.org/theories/attribution-theory/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. ATTRIBUTION. (n.d.). Retrieved November 10, 2021, from Lexico.com website: https://www.lexico.com/definition/attribution [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Basic anatomy and physiology. Medic Tests. (n.d.). https://medictests.com/units/introduction-to-a-p [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Bautista, J. R., Ducanes, G., & David, C. C. (2019, May). Quality of nursing schools in the Philippines: Trends and evidence from the 2010–2016 Nurse Licensure Examination results. Nursing Outlook, 67(3), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2018.12.012 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Being A Registered Nurse and Pass the Nclex Exam. (n.d.). Retrieved November 12, 2021, from Bartleby.com website: https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Being-A-Registered-Nurse-And-Pass-The-FK3AMGKTU5YW [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Briggs, S. (2022, December 19). Why are so many would-be nurses failing their exams? - Scrubs: The leading lifestyle magazine for the Healthcare Community. Scrubs. https://scrubsmag.com/why-are-so-many-would-be-nurses-failing-their-exams/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Briones, S. K. F., Dagamac, R. J. R., David, J. D., & Landerio, C. A. B. (2022, January 21). Factors Affecting the Students’ Scholastic Performance: A Survey Study. Indonesian Journal of Educational Research and Technology, 2(2), 97–102. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijert.v2i2.41394 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Butcon, V. E., Pasay-An, E., Indonto, M. C. L., Villacorte, L., & Cajigal, J. (2021). Assessment of determinants predicting success on the Saudi Nursing Licensure Examination by employing artificial neural network. Journal of Education and health promotion, 10, 396. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_652_20 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Caalim Bautista, L. C., Nicefura Castronuevo, M. M., Coloma, R. A., & Sotto Esteban, A. K. (2022, April 30). Isabela State University-College of Nursing’s Performance in the Nurse Licensure Examination | Galingana | Health Notions. Isabela State University-College of Nursing’s Performance in the Nurse Licensure Examination | Galingana | Health Notions. https://doi.org/10.33846/hn60203 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Centre for Ageing Research and Development in Ireland (CARDI). (2012, May 1). 10 guidelines for writing policy recommendations. Handle Proxy. Retrieved February 1, 2022, from http://hdl.handle.net/10147/221377 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Ched - the official website of the Commission on higher education. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/CMO-15-s-2017.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Ched memorandum order (CMO) subject: Policies and ... (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2021, from https://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/CMO-No.33-s2007.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Competence definition & meaning. (n.d.). Retrieved November 18, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/competence [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Competency Standards of Nursing Practice in the Philippines. (2016). In prc.gov.ph. Retrieved May 27, 2022, from https://www.prc.gov.ph/uploaded/documents/NURSING [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Correlational Research (N.d.). Libguides.Com. Retrieved November 5, 2021,fromhttp://ommunity.libguides.com/?fbclid=IwAR1tFF7VVpxY4I1UyORco3Ylry783DaU57_sqlZMKpQ4lNwUvwmW4zU8gSw [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Cueva, D. (2020, December 6). Nursing board exam (NLE) 2021 schedule, requirements. Retrieved December 6, 2021, from Topnotcher. ph website: https://topnotcher.ph/nursing-board-exam-nle-schedule/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Czekanski, K., Mingo, S., & Piper, L. (2018). Coaching to NCLEX-RN SUCCESS: A postgraduation intervention to improve first-time pass rates. Journal of Nursing Education, 57(9), 561–565. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20180815-10 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Descriptive research - definition & methods. (2020, September 10). Retrieved June 10, 2021, from Bachelor Print. EU website: https://www.bachelorprint.eu/research/descriptive-research/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Details Philippine Qualifications Framework. (n.d.). Details Philippine Qualifications Framework. https://pqf.gov.ph/Home/Details/16#:~:text=The%20PQF%20is%20a%20quality,educated%2Ftrained%20in%20the%20Philippines. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Examinee definition and meaning. (n.d.). Retrieved November 10, 2021, from Collinsdictionary.com website: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/examinee [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Feliciano, A. (2019). Competency of nurses in the context of Philippine health care. Retrieved November 1, 2021, from Internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org website: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/10 feliciano original 123.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. First-time. (2023). Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved May 30, 2023, from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/first-time [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Firth, S. (2023, January 12). Nursing Exam Pass Rates Dropped in Recent Years. Why? MedPage Today. Retrieved May 29, 2023, from https://www.medpagetoday.com/nursing/nursing/102617 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Flowers, M., Olenick, M., Maltseva, T., Simon, S., Diez-Sampedro, A., & Allen, L. R. (2022). Academic factors predicting NCLEX-RN SUCCESS. Nursing Education Perspectives, 43(2), 112–114. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nep.0000000000000788 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Frey, B. B. (2018). Document Analysis. Retrieved November 12, 2021, from Sagepub.com website: https://methods.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-encyclopedia-of-educational-research-measurement-and-evaluation/i7603 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. From novice to expert - Patricia E. Benner. (n.d.). Retrieved November 10, 2021, from Currentnursing.com website: https://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Patricia_Benner_From_Novice_to_Expert.html [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. Galon, A., Lopez, M., Villarante, C., & Sanchez, M. (2023). An In-Depth Analysis of Graduates Who Failed the Philippine Nurses Licensure Exam (Pnle): A Basis for a Proposed Mentoring Program. Agpe the Royal Gondwana Research Journal of History, Science, Economic, Political and Social Science, 4(3), 85–92. Retrieved From Https://Agpegondwanajournal.Co.In/Index.Php/Agpe/Article/View/245 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. (n.d.). Variable definition and meaning: Collins English dictionary. Variable definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary. https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/variable#:~:text=A%20variable%20is%20a%20factor,weather%20and%20the%20economic%20climate. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Health Workforce UHL. (2020, April 6). State of the World’s nursing report - 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2021, from Who. int website: https://www.who.int/ublications/i/item/9789240003279 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. https://www.facebook.com/USANTHCED/photos/pcb.2949099171970573/2949098845303939 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. https://www.nursingpath.in/2016/06/nursing-education.html [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/pearson-correlation-coefficient/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. Intervention. (2023). In Macmillian Dictionary. Retrieved May 25, 2023, from https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/intervention [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Jacobs, A. (2021, August 06). What is an RN - what is a registered nurse? Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.graduatenursingedu.org/what-is-a-registered-nurse/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Jeyaraju, M., Linford, H., Bosco Mendes, T., Caufield-Noll, C., & Tackett, S. (2023). Factors Leading to Successful Performance on U.S. National Licensure Exams for Medical Students: A Scoping Review. Academic medicine: journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 98(1), 136–148. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000004877 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

45. Kaminski-Ozturk, N., Smiley, R., Zhong, E., & Martin, B. (2022). A retrospective review of NCLEX candidates’ testing behavior: Examining the relationship between repeat testing, time-to-test, and discipline. Journal of Nursing Regulation, 13(2), 4–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2155-8256 (22)00062-x [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

46. Kemp, S. E., Hort, J., & Hollowood, T. (2018). Descriptive Analysis in Sensory Evaluation (S. E. Kemp, J. Hort, & T. Hollowood, Eds.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

47. Kiblasan, J. I., & Ligligen, S. C. (2020). The Academic and Licensure Examination Performances of Bachelor of Science in Nursing Graduates in a State College. Philippine Journal of Nursing, 90(0048–3818), 15–20. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

48. Knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The Peak Performance Center. (n.d.). https://thepeakperformancecenter.com/educational-learning/learning/process/obtaining/obtaining-information/knowledge-skills-attitudes/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

49. Lai, H. L., Fu, S. Y., & Peng, T. C. (2023). Predictors of success in the registered nurse licensure exam for nursing graduates whose education was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2023.04.002 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

50. Lamasan, J. M. J., Lavadia, H. J. M., Limosnero, J. S., Magbitang, K. J. V., Mallari, M. J. B. S., Obado, A. C. C. O. C., Paguio, E. B., & Perez, J. G. (2018). Correlation of academic performance, nursing licensure examination and core competency performance of nursing graduates of uphsL 2013-2016. [Master Thesis, College of Nursing, - UPH-Dr. Jose G. Tamayo Medical University]. HERDIN. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

51. Llego, Al-Saqri, Gabriel, & Corpus. (2020). The Predictive Strength of Academic Performance in Passing the Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity, and Change, 13(1). http://www.ijicc.net/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

52. Madridano, M. A. (2021, March 13). The Philippine nursing curriculum: A comprehensive review of related literature - MARK MADRIDANO. Retrieved November 4, 2021, from Markmadridano.com website: http://www.markmadridano.com/philippinenursingcurriculum/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

53. Massey, A., Zhang, W., & Amar, A. (2021, December). A comparison of non-traditional online and traditional wet-lab experiences in human anatomy and physiology: An innovative approach for pre-licensure nursing education. Nurse Education Today, 107, 105149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105149 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

54. Mathur, P. (2020, June 17). Himachal’s strategy to improve board exam results. Retrieved November 12, 2021, from Samagra governance. in website: https://www.samagragovernance.in/blog/2020-06-17-how-government-schools-in-himachal-prepared-for-board-exams/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

55. McMillan, L., Johnson, T., Parker, F. M., Hunt, C. W., & Boyd, D. E. (2020). Improving Student Learning Outcomes through a Collaborative Higher Education Partnership, International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2020. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, V32 N1 P117-124 2020. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

56. Mean, Mode and Median - Measures of Central Tendency - When to use with Different Types of Variable and Skewed Distributions | Laerd Statistics. (n.d.). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

57. Montegrico, J. C. (2020). A five-year trend analysis of the Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination (2014 to 2018). The Philippine Journal of Nursing, 89(2). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

58. Montegrico, J., & Oducado, R. M. (2022). Scoping Review of Factors Affecting Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination Outcomes. Philippine Journal of Nursing, 92(1), 11–22. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

59. Morris, T. L. (2019). The Landscape of Nursing Education in the United States20. ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1245875.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

60. Mthimunye, K., & Daniels, F. (2019, April). Predictors of academic performance, success, and retention amongst undergraduate nursing students: A systematic review. South African Journal of Higher Education, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.20853/33-1-2631 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

61. November 2021 nurse licensure examination results were released in twelve (12) working days. (n.d.). Retrieved December 10, 2021, from Gov. ph. website: https://www.prc.gov.ph/article/november-2021-nurse-licensure-examination-results-released-twelve-12-working-days/5370 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

62. Oatme, S., Waropastrakul, N., & Sarnkhaowkhom, C. (2021). Factors affecting the results of national nursing license examination among newly graduated nurses in a private nursing college, Thailand: A mixed methods research. Science, Engineering and Health Studies, 15, 21050006. https://doi.org/10.14456/sehs.2021.19 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

63. Oducado, R. M. F., Cendaña, D. P., & Belo-Delariarte, R. G. (2019, December 12). Institutional competency assessment and other factors influencing the nurse licensure examination. Eric.Ed.Gov. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED603045.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

64. Oducado, R. M. F., Sotelo, M., Ramirez, L. M., Habaña, M., & Belo-Delariarte, R. G. (2020, April 13). English Language Proficiency and Its Relationship with Academic Performance and the Nurse Licensure Examination. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 10(1), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v10i1.28564 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

65. ORCID. (n.d.). Retrieved November 11, 2021, from Orcid.org website: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5242-7207 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

66. Ornedo, J. M., & GMA News. (2021, July 8). Philippine Nurses Association rejects Bello’s proposal to scrap board exams. Retrieved November 4, 2021, from GMA News Online website: [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

67. Overall Performance Level Definition | Law Insider. (2019). Law Insider. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

68. Ozdemir, N. G. (May – August 2019). The Development of Nurses' Individualized Care Perceptions and Practices: Benner's Novice to Expert Model Perspective. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 12(2), 1279. http://internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/81_ozdemir_special_12_2.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

69. Pacis, M., Fontanilla, D. M., Panopio, A. R., & Concepcion, L. (2021, September 4). Correlation analysis of selected academic parameters and the Nurse Licensure Examination performance. Edu. Ph. https://www.national-u.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/4.-JSTAR6_2-Panopio.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

70. Parao, M. et al. (July-December 2020). Competency Appraisal as a Tool in Improving the Board Exam Performance of Benguet State University Bachelor of Science in Forestry Graduates. Retrieved November 3, 2021, from Edu. ph website: http://journals.bsu.edu.ph/index.php/BRJ/article/view/277 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

71. Passing percentage or Passing rate (percent). (n.d.). Retrieved November 10, 2021, from Gov. ph. website: https://psa.gov.ph/content/passing-percentage-or-passing-rate-percent-1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

72. Performance definition and meaning. (n.d.). Retrieved November 12, 2021, from Collinsdictionary.com website: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/performance [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

73. PRC Board News. (n.d.). PRC Board News. Retrieved December 12, 2021, from Prcboardnews.com website: https://www.prcboardnews.com/search/label/list%20of%20passers [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

74. PRC Modernization Act. (n.d.). Retrieved November 11, 2021, from Gov. ph. website: https://www.prc.gov.ph/uploaded/documents/PRCModAct.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

75. Preston, R., Gratani, M., Owens, K., Roche, P., Zimanyi, M., & Malau-Aduli, B. (2019, May 22). Exploring the Impact of Assessment on Medical Students’ Learning. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 45(1), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2019.1614145 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

76. Professional Regulation Commission Modernization Act of 2000. Senate of the Philippines Legislative Reference Bureau. (n.d.). https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/subject/professional-regulation-commission-modernization-act-of-2000 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

77. Professional Regulation Commission. (n.d.). Retrieved January 10, 2022, from https://www.prc.gov.ph/uploaded/documents/PRB_BON_Reso2017-11.pdf [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

78. Pulgarinas Jr., R. (2022). Academic and Non-Academic Profile Affecting the Nurse Licensure Examination Performance of the Nursing Graduates of a Higher Education Institution in Davao City. JPAIR Institutional Research, 19(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.7719/irj.v19i1.835 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

79. Quinn, B. L., Smolinski, M., & Peters, A. B. (2018). Strategies to improve NCLEX-RN success: A review. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 13(1), 18–26 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

80. R. A. 9173. (n.d.). Retrieved November 16, 2021, from https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2002/ra_9173_2002.html. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

81. RATING. (n.d.). Retrieved November 12, 2021, from Lexico.com website: https://www.lexico.com/definition/rating [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

82. Repeater. (2023). In Collins. Retrieved May 30, 2023, from https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/repeater [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

83. Retrieved May 30, 2023, from https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/overall-performance-level [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

84. Retrieved November 4, 2021, from Abba. ph website: https://www.abba.ph/post/number-of-new-filipino-rns-bounce-back-in-2019 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

85. Sari, S. M., & Putri, D. K. (2019). The experiences of test re-takers in taking the Indonesian Nursing Competency Examination (INCE): A phenomenology study. Enfermería Clínica, 29, 105-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2018.11.032 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

86. Singh, K., Bharatha, A., Sa, B., Adams, O. P., & Majumder, M. A. A. (2019, May 16). Teaching anatomy using an active and engaging learning strategy. BMC Medical Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1590-2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

87. Sison, M. A., Philippine News Agency, Costamero, J. L., Datu, C. L., & Press Release. (2021, March 5). Suspended board exams affect thousands of examinees amid the pandemic. Retrieved November 12, 2021, from Iorbitnews.com website: https://iorbitnews.com/suspended-board-exams-affect-thousands-of-examinees-amid-the-pandemic/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

88. Stephanie, G. (2022, July 23). Frequency in statistics. Statistics How To. https://www.statisticshowto.com/frequency-in-statistics/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

89. Take online courses. earn college credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers. Study.com | Take Online Courses. Earn College Credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers. (n.d.). https://study.com/learn/lesson/predictor-variable-definition-examples.html [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

90. Teaching, U. C. D. (n.d.). UCD CURRICULUM REVIEW. Retrieved November 10, 2021, from UCD. i.e., website: http://www.ucd.ie/t4cms/Curriculum%20Review%20&%20Enhancement%20Guide.pdf https://ballotpedia.org/Academic_performance [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

91. University of Saint Anthony. (2019). Grading System. In College Student Manual (p. 7). [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

92. Uses of Percentage. (n.d.). Retrieved June 13, 2021, from Toppr.com website: https://www.toppr.com/guides/maths/compairing-quantities/uses-ofpercentage/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

93. Vierula, J., Haavisto, E., Hupli, M., & Talman, K. (2019, September 27). The assessment of learning skills in nursing student selection: A scoping review. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 45(4), 496–512. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2019.1666970 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

94. Villarde Galingana, R. K., Alvarado, A. E., Costales Magtanong, K. J., Vitali, J., Blackmore, C., Mortazavi, S., & Anderton, R. (2020, February 27). Tertiary Anatomy and Physiology, A Barrier for Student Success. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(2), 289. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p289 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

95. Vito. (2022, October 18). La Salle nursing graduates exceed the Pennsylvania and national averages with a 91.5% first-time pass rate on the national NCLEX exam. La Salle News. Retrieved February 30, 2023, from https://www.lasalle.edu/blog/2022/10/18/la-salle-nursing-graduates-achieve-a-91-5first-time-pass-rate-on-national-nclex-exam/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

96. What is nursing practice? (2021, January 06). Retrieved November 16, 2021, from https://www.oncc.org/nursing-practice-definition [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

97. Will, M. (2021, July 21). First-time pass rates on teacher licensure exams were secret until now ... EdW. https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/first-time-pass-rates-on-teacher-licensure-exams-were-secret-until-now-see-the-data/2021/07 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

98. Williams, Y. (n.d.). Bernard Weiner: Attribution Theory & Overview. Retrieved November 10, 2021, from Study.com website: https://study.com/academy/lesson/bernard-weiner-attribution-theory-lesson-quiz.html [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

99. Yu, K. (2020, March 5). Several new Filipino RNs bounce back in 2019. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

100. Yusefzadeh, H., Amirzadeh Iranagh, J., & Nabilou, B. (2019). The effect of study preparation on test anxiety and performance: a quasi-experimental study. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 10, 245–251. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

101. Zhou, J., & Cao, Y. (2020). Does Retest Effect Impact Test Performance of Repeaters in Different Subgroups? ETS Research Report Series, 2020(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1002/ets2.12300 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

102. Zilber, R., Hazan Hazoref, R., & Kagan, I. (2022). Self-efficacy, uncertainty, and anxiety among nursing graduates in response to licensing test postponement due to the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-methods study. International journal of nursing practice, 29(1), e13091. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• The Impact of Ownership Structure on Dividend Payout Policy of Listed Plantation Companies in Sri Lanka
• Urban Sustainability in North-East India: A Study through the lens of NER-SDG index
• Performance Assessment of Predictive Forecasting Techniques for Enhancing Hospital Supply Chain Efficiency in Healthcare Logistics
• The Fractured Self in Julian Barnes' Postmodern Fiction: Identity Crisis and Deflation in Metroland and the Sense of an Ending
• Impact of Flood on the Employment, Labour Productivity and Migration of Agricultural Labour in North Bihar