Reason–Emotion Integration in the Context of Artificial Intelligence: The Implications of Aristotle’s Conception of Happiness for Youth Moral Education

Authors

Du Yuqian

Minzu University of China (Malaysia)

Xin Yuan

Universiti Sains Malaysia (Malaysia)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2025.91100326

Subject Category: Philosophy

Volume/Issue: 9/11 | Page No: 4203-4217

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2025-12-01

Accepted: 2025-12-08

Published: 2025-12-09

Abstract

With rapid advances in AI, modern education faces the challenge of ensuring independent thinking isn’t overshadowed by AI’s rational logic. As AI shapes learning and interactions, students may show less emotional expression, moral concern, and well-being. Drawing on Aristotle’s eudaimonia, this study explores integrating rationality and emotion in the AI context for youth moral education. Aristotle saw rationality as key but valued emotion’s role, seeing practical wisdom as leading to virtue and happiness. Education should foster independent thought beyond instrumental rationality by cultivating emotional experience and moral sensitivity, balancing reason and emotion. This study examines AI’s dual impact, potentially eroding rationality and blunting emotional engagement, through Aristotle’s rational-emotional unity. It proposes a moral education model rooted in practical wisdom to revitalize youth virtue education in the AI age.

Keywords

Artificial intelligence; reason and emotion; Aristotle; happiness

Downloads

References

1. Annas, J. (2011). Intelligent virtue. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Aristotle. (1984). The complete works of Aristotle (J. Barnes, Ed.). Princeton University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Aristotle. (1925). Nicomachean ethics (W. D. Ross, Trans.). Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Aristotle. (1984). The politics (C. Lord, Trans.). University of Chicago Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Aristotle. (1999). Nicomachean ethics (T. Irwin, Trans., 2nd ed.). Hackett. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Bauman, Z. (2000). Liquid modernity. Polity Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Beauchamp, T. L., & Childress, J. F. (2019). Principles of biomedical ethics (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Berk, R. A. (2005). Thirteen ways to measure teacher quality. Educational Researcher, 34(3), 48–56. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X034003048 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Boström, N., & Sandberg, A. (2011). The ethics of artificial intelligence: Mapping the debate. Minds and Machines, 21(2), 121–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-011-9230-0 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Benhabib, S. (1992). Situating the self. Routledge. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Broadie, S. (1991). Ethics with Aristotle. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Brackett, M. A., Bailey, C. S., Hoffmann, J. D., & Simmons, D. N. (2019). RULER… Educational Psychologist, 54(3), 144–161. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Buber, M. (1970). I and Thou (W. Kaufmann, Trans.). Scribner. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Breslin, J. G. (2021). Service-learning and AI ethics: Preparing students for responsible innovation. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 24(3), 203–214. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. https://doi.org/10.14704/jets.2021.24.3.1652 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Berridge, K. C., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2015). Pleasure systems in the brain. Neuron, 86(3), 646–664. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. CNNIC. (2024). Statistical report on China’s internet development. China Internet Network Information Center. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Couldry, N., & Hepp, A. (2017). The mediated construction of reality. Polity Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design (4th ed.). SAGE. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Carr, D. (2021). Virtue ethics and education. Routledge. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Coeckelbergh, M. (2020). AI ethics. MIT Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Curren, R. (2013). Philosophy of education: An introduction. Wiley-Blackwell. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Decety, J., & Cowell, J. M. (2014). The complex relation between morality and empathy. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 18(7), 337–339. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Knafo-Noam, A. (2016). Prosocial development. In Handbook of child psychology (7th ed.). Wiley. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Floridi, L., & Chiriatti, M. (2020). GPT-3: Its nature, scope, limits, and consequences. Minds and Machines, 30(4), 681–694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09488-1 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Garrison, D. R., & Vaughan, N. D. (2011). Blended learning in higher education: Framework, principles, and guidelines. Jossey-Bass. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Goleman, D., & Boyatzis, R. E. (2017). Emotional intelligence: A theory of performance. Organizational Dynamics, 46(4), 253–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.08.002 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Halinen, A. (2020). Nordic moral education: Between individual autonomy and collective responsibility. Journal of Moral Education, 49(3), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2020.1766338 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Hursthouse, R., & Pettigrove, G. (2018). Virtue ethics. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Kristjánsson, K. (2007). Aristotle, emotion, and education. Ashgate. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Kristjánsson, K. (2018). Cross-cultural virtue ethics: A pluralistic framework. Journal of Religious Ethics, 46(3), 491–513. https://doi.org/10.1111/jore.12273 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

32. Kohlberg, L. (1981). Essays on moral development: Vol. 1. Harper & Row. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

33. Kristjánsson, K. (2022). Virtuous emotions. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

34. Kristjánsson, K. (2020). Aristotelian character education: Reconsidered. Routledge. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

35. Kraut, R. (2018). Aristotle’s ethics. Princeton University Press.Lear, J. (2014). Aristotle: The desire to understand. Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

36. MacIntyre, A. (2007). After virtue (3rd ed.). University of Notre Dame Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

37. Miller, D. (2011). Justice for earthlings: Essays in political philosophy. Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

38. Nussbaum, M. C. (1986). The fragility of goodness. Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

39. Rodgers, C. R. (2002). Becoming a reflective practitioner: A look at the process. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 22(4), 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1002/chp.1005 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

40. Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Free Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

41. Shields, C. (2014). Aristotle. Routledge. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

42. Vallor, S. (2016). Technology and the virtues. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

43. Floridi, L. (2014). The fourth revolution: How the infosphere is reshaping human reality. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

44. Horkheimer, M. (1947). Eclipse of reason. Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

45. Kraut, R. (2018). Aristotle’s ethics. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

46. Habermas, J. (1984/1987). The theory of communicative action (T. McCarthy, Trans.). Beacon Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

47. Hoffman, M. L. (2000). Empathy and moral development. Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

48. Moon, J. D. (2013). Using portfolios to assess thinking and learning (2nd ed.). Taylor & Francis. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

49. Narvaez, D. (2010). The neurobiology of moral development and character education. In B. Murray & K. Rich (Eds.), Character education: Perspectives and practices for the twenty-first century (pp. 39–60). Information Age Publishing. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

50. Noble, S. U. (2018). Algorithms of oppression: How search engines reinforce racism (2nd ed.). New York University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

51. Nucci, L. P. (2017). Moral education in the United States: An overview. Journal of Moral Education, 46(3), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2017.1327366 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

52. Nussbaum, M. C. (2001). Upheavals of thought: The intelligence of emotions. Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

53. Narvaez, D. (2016). Embodied morality. Journal of Moral Education, 45(3), 291–307. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

54. Nucci, L. (2014). Education in the moral domain. Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

55. Noddings, N. (2013). Caring (2nd ed.). University of California Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

56. Nussbaum, M. C. (2010). Not for profit. Princeton University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

57. Nussbaum, M. C. (2001). The fragility of goodness (Rev. ed.). Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

58. O’Neil, C. (2016). Weapons of math destruction. Crown. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

59. Pariser, E. (2011). The filter bubble. Penguin. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

60. Sandel, M. (2020). The tyranny of merit. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

61. Seligman, M. E. P. (2018). The hope circuit. PublicAffairs. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

62. Sunstein, C. R. (2017). Republic. Princeton University Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

63. Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish. Free Press. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

64. Schwartz, B., & Sharpe, K. (2010). Practical wisdom. Riverhead Books. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

65. Turkle, S. (2011). Alone together. Basic Books. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

66. Twenge, J. (2017). iGen. Atria Books. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

67. Tan, C. (2016). Confucian moral education in East Asia: Tradition and modernity. Journal of Moral Education, 45(2), 159–173. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2016.1151666 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

68. Turkle, S. (2011). Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other. Basic Books. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

69. Valkenburg, P. M., Meier, A., & Beyens, I. (2022). The effects of social media on well-being. Current Opinion in Psychology, 45, 101–107. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

70. Xu, Y., & Chen, H. (2020). AI ethics in China: Between cultural tradition and technological innovation. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 18(4), 503–518. https://doi.org/10.1108/JICES-02-2020-0023 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

71. Zuboff, S. (2019). The age of surveillance capitalism. PublicAffairs. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles