Sustainable Tourism Planning and Management on Religious Destination in Indonesia: The Tomb of Sunan Kalijaga

This article examines the planning and management of sustainable tourism at the Tomb of Sunan Kalijaga in Demak, Central Java, one of Indonesia's leading religious tourism destinations. Sustainable tourism is essential for balancing economic development, socio-cultural preservation, and environmental protection while ensuring the long-term sustainability of tourism destinations. However, limited studies have examined the implementation of sustainable tourism in religious tourism settings. This study aims to analyse sustainable tourism planning and management at the Tomb of Sunan Kalijaga and its contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A qualitative case study approach was employed through field observations, semi-structured interviews, documentation, and literature review. The findings show that the destination, which attracts approximately 1.6 million visitors annually, has successfully integrated sustainable tourism principles into its management. Economic sustainability is reflected in the development of community-based businesses, including souvenir shops, food stalls, parking services, accommodation, and other local enterprises that generate employment and income. Socio-cultural sustainability is demonstrated through the preservation of religious traditions, particularly the annual cleansing ceremony of Sunan Kalijaga's sacred heirlooms during Eid al-Adha, which strengthens cultural identity and community participation. Environmental sustainability is promoted through the use of environmentally friendly materials such as bamboo, waste management facilities, and efforts to maintain the cleanliness of the pilgrimage area. The study identifies three main strategies implemented by the Sunan Kalidjogo Foundation: collaboration with government agencies through education and training, capacity building for foundation staff, and partnerships with stakeholders to promote environmentally responsible tourism practices. These strategies support the achievement of SDGs, particularly Goal 1 (No Poverty), Goal 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), Goal 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), highlighting the importance of collaborative governance in sustaining religious tourism destinations.

Sustainable Tourism Development; Religious Tourism; Sunan Kalijaga

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