Catholic Priests as Church leaders provide care for God’s people. To be an effective leader, the priest requires not only the traditional intelligence but also emotional intelligence. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership styles among Catholic Priests in Umuahia Diocese, Nigeria. The study was grounded on the Emotional Intelligence theory of Daniel Goleman and employed a quantitative approach, using the correlational research design. The target population was 119 priests residing and working in Umuahia Diocese, while the sample size of 92 priests was obtained using the simple random technique. Two standardized self-report questionnaires, the Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) were adapted and used as instruments of measure for the quantitative data. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to analyze the quantitative data with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The findings of the study showed a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style, democratic leadership style, and servant leadership style. There was no relationship found between emotional intelligence and transactional leadership style, and autocratic leadership style. However, a significant negative relationship exists between emotional intelligence and the lassiez-faire leadership style. The study therefore concludes that emotional intelligence has a significant relationship with certain leadership styles, and that improving emotional intelligence will enhance leadership effectiveness.
Page(s): 01-06 Date of Publication: 29 June 2022
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This paper seeks to analyse the trend of contributions of the Agriculture sector to the GDP of Ghana. A Time Series analysis was used to forecast the quarterly contributions of the Agricultural sector to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Ghana from 2008 to 2019. The paper also compared contribution of the agricultural sector to the GDP before and during the COVID-19 era using data ranging from first quarter of 2018 through to third quarter of 2020 in millions of Ghana cedis from the Ghana Statistical Service. Results indicate that ARIMA (2, 1, 2) model was found to be the most suitable model with the least Normalised Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and Akaike Information Criterion values. It was further observed that the two – year forecast values of the model shows an increase in the subsequent years to the GDP of Ghana. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the GDP from the Agricultural sector dwindled from 15,569.5 million Ghana cedis in the first quarter of 2019 to 12,080.10 million Ghana cedis in the second quarter of 2020. The differences between the first and second quarters from 2018 to 2020 were statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Although it picked up in the third quarter of 2020, it was just slightly higher than what it used to record pre-COVID-19 era.
Page(s): 07-11 Date of Publication: 30 June 2022
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The advent of cloud computing has become a game changer and paradigm shift for digital services delivery. The cloud service providers enable the end user to access, adopt and use resources, programs and applications where some are free and other are pay as you use. This has reduced the pressure of computing resources and hence increased the processing speed. The infrastructure and storage of alarge amount of data, including important information are some of the striking cons of cloud computing services. The service provider can enable the end users to access software as a service (SAAS), platform as a service (PAAS), and infrastructure as a service (IAAS) and recovery as a service (RAAS). Though cloud computing is viewed a game changer in computing world there are a number of threats and challenges posed by this technology. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review systematically literature on data security and emerging threats in cloud computing posed from set policies, technology, controls and procedures and categorize the numerous security issues which need to be addressed for example multi-tenancy, shared technology, data availability and integrity
Page(s): 12-16 Date of Publication: 30 June 2022
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This paper examined the effect of firm structural characteristics on the corporate performance of brewery firms in Nigeria for the period 2006-2020 by using panel fixed effect regression model. Four explanatory variables (firm size, age, ownership structure and leverage) were used to measure the effect on corporate performance (return on assets as a proxy) of Nigeria brewery firms. The results show that firm size, firm ownership and firm leverage has significant effect on the corporate performance of Nigeria brewery firms at 5% level of significance while firm age has insignificant effect on the corporate performance (ROA). Also, all the variables in the model are jointly significant in explaining variations in the corporate performance of the selected breweries in Nigeria. However, firm size and firm leverage has negative and strong influence on corporate performance of listed brewery firms. The implication of the insignificant effect of firm age on the corporate performance is that an increase in firm age by one per cent will lead to an increase in the corporate performance in the brewery firms by more than one percent. This study contributed to knowledge by identifying firm size and leverage as the areas that managers/directors of brewery firms should focus their performance management strategies because of their negative and strong influence on their corporate performance. It then recommends that investors and managers of brewery firms should consider firm structured-related characteristics (firm size, age, ownership structure and leverage) when they take their investment decisions.
Page(s): 17-28 Date of Publication: 05 July 2022
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The sorption of Pb2+ on waste poly(1-phenylethene-1,2-diyl) adsorbent has been investigated. Batch equilibrium and kinetic adsorption experiments were done to determine the effects of concentration and contact time respectively. Data analysis was carried out using the non-linear isotherms and kinetic models. Non-linear isotherm parameters showed high consistency with those of the linear. The rate studies showed that the controlling kinetics was pseudo second order. Chi-squared (χ2) statistics was also applied for the best fitting model between closely competing correlation values of Langmuir and Freundlich models. Chi-squared (χ2) statistics showed that Freundlich model described the sorption better than the Langmuir isotherm. The prevalence of Freundlich over Langmuir from correlation and validity tests indicated a multilayer adsorption. Diffusion analysis showed that intraparticle diffusion was not the prevailing mechanism for the adsorption.
Page(s): 29-34 Date of Publication: 05 July 2022
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This study focused on unearthing existing support strategies to improve access to Health Services for Learners with Hearing Impairments (LwHI) in Mpika district of Zambia. A qualitative methodology driven by Hermeneutics Phenomenology research design was applied. In addition, a purposive sampling technique was used to enlist Ten LwHI to participate in this study. Participants volunteered to voice their lived experiences and clusters of themes emerged thereafter. Emergent from the lived experiences of LwHI was to explore supported strategies in use to improve access to health services for learners with hearing impairment or deaf people that represent their felt worlds while at Musakanya combined school. The findings of the study revealed some strategies in use to improve access to health services for LwHI or deaf people such as sensitization of health workers, involvement of LwHI in decision making, licensed professional interpreters, mandatory sign language training for health workers, use of assistive technology devices, extra time for medical consultation and universal sign language dictionary. Based on the findings of the current study are eight recommendations among which include: inclusive policy, active involvement, communication, mandatory training of sign language to health workers, assistive technology, employ specialist interpreters, separate counter for hearing impaired and improve on health education
Page(s): 35-44 Date of Publication: 06 July 2022
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The effect of adding Fresnel lens and phase change materials on water yield in Solar Desalination was studied. because of the massive demand for clean water and its limited supply in comparison to the amount of water on the Earth’s surface, providing safe drinking water is one of the most important concerns facing the world. It was also confirmed that the system was affected by Fresnel lens and phase change materials Led to increased evaporation rates, the amount of water increased. The innovative design of the solar still cascade, which includes a slanted absorber plate and baffles, allows for a shallower water depth and improved solar radiation direction, resulting in increased production.
Page(s): 45-52 Date of Publication: 08 July 2022
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As cryptocurrencies become more apparent and popular in the financial world it is essential to increase people’s awareness and identify the emergence and importance of such currencies. In this article, the current situation of cryptocurrencies was investigated to identify the impact both internationally and domestically. It is apparent that the emergence of cryptocurrencies has changed the face of the financial world, especially in money transaction activities and investments. Although cryptocurrencies may be perceived as flexible and simple, it is significantly sensitive to events that evolve around the world. Due to its sensitivity, an event such as the war between Russia and Ukraine has immensely affected the world’s economy and the cryptocurrencies themselves. The world’s government must therefore be able to investigate and forecast the uncertain manner of the currencies and how it will affect the world’s economy as a whole
Page(s): 53-56 Date of Publication: 08 July 2022
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Study on the food items of Red-billed Quelea (Quelea quelea) during dry season in Gyawana ecosystem and environs, Adamawa State, Nigeria, was carried out to ascertain the grains the birds foraged on during the dry season. The bird’s crop contents were analysed. Eighteen (18) different food items were identified which including seeds of different grasses, cultivated cereals, insect remains and Grits from the crops of one hundred and fifty (150) Quelea birds (Quelea quelea) sampled during the study period. In terms of frequency and magnitude of occurrence in the feed, Oryza barthi appears to be the most consumed food of Red-billed Quelea with (43.4%) total prevalence, followed by Oryza sativa (39.24%), Digitaria iburua (16.69%), Sorghum bicolor (9.11%), Dactyloctenium aegyptium (8.92%), Setaria pallide-fusca (7.60%), Brachiaria mutica (3.92%), Eragrostis tremule (2.77%), Digitaria ciliaris (0.93%), Chloris pilosa (0.85%), Roetboellia exaltata (0.80%), Echinochloa colonum (0.72%), Cenchrus biflorus (0.63%), Panicum urvilleanum (0.32%), Sacciolepis africana (0.23%), Schoenefeldia gracilis (0.17%), Grits (0.15%), and insects remained (0.07%). The analysis of variance was used to compare the mean number of various seeds consumed by the Red-billed Quelea during the period of study. The result shows no significant difference in the food items consumed by Red-billed Quelea during the dry season. The researchers therefore, recommend that further study should be carryout on the food items of Quelea birds (Q. quelea) during off cropping and raining season, also study should be carry out on Biological control of this Quelea birds (Q. quelea).
Page(s): 57-63 Date of Publication: 12 July 2022
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Technology adoption has been noted as very crucial to increasing local production of rice in Nigeria, especially among the smallholder farmers. The study broadly analyzed improved technology adoption among male and female rice farmers in Abia State, Nigeria. The study examined the adoption of improved rice technologies by male and female rice farmers in Abia state, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed in data collection using structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and inferential tools such as the probit model. The study revealed that mean off-farm income of male and female rice farmers were 15694.44 and 8812.5 naira respectively while their mean farm sizes were 1.08 and 0.57 hectares respectively, implying that the female gender was more resource-constrained than the male farmers. Improved rice varieties, pudling, chemical fertilizer, appropriate spacing and bird-scaring technologies were the improved technologies adopted by majority of both male and female rice farmers while tractor, Fadama technology, herbicide, pesticides, minimum tillage and organic manure were poorly adopted by both genders. Majority of male (54.17%) and female (80.56%) rice farmers were non adopters of improved technologies. The result showed further that the male farmers had higher adoption rate of 70.21% compared to the female farmers whose adoption rate was 29.79%. This could be linked to the fact that the male rice farmers are more business-oriented than the female farmers and are more fitted to the drudgery nature of rice production than the female farmers. The Probit result showed that the pseudo R2 was 0.6406, 0.5050 and 0.7873 for male, female and pooled result respectively. The probability of adoption of technologies by farmers was statistically and significantly determined by age of the household head, educational level of the farmer, extension services received by the farmers during the production period, off-farm income, access to credit, and farming experience. The study concludes that both genders were actively involved in rice production but the female gender was more resource-constrained. It is recommended that extension services be strengthened, tractor hiring services be provided, and gender-related limitations to accessing production resources be revised.
Page(s): 64-69 Date of Publication: 12 July 2022
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This study examined the impact of financial intermediation on economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data was collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and Financial statement. The specific objectives of the study were to; ascertain the impact of fixed deposit on economic growth in Nigeria, to determine the impact of savings on economic growth in Nigeria, to ascertain the impact of current account on economic growth in Nigeria, to determine the impact of deposit money banks credit on small scale enterprises on economic growth in Nigeria. The research design was ex-post facto research design, and the study used multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that fixed deposits do not have any significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria, Savings significantly impact economic growth in Nigeria, Current accounts has significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria, deposit money banks credit to small scale enterprises does not significantly impact on economic growth in Nigeria. Thus, we conclude that financial intermediation influenced economic growth positively and significantly in Nigeria. Recommendations were that banks should be more efficient in mobilizing and allocating funds to entrepreneurs in the real sector. The regulatory authorities should perpetually take measures to free the banking sectors to avoid any form of shock on the system
Page(s): 70-78 Date of Publication: 18 July 2022
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant effect on patient flow, attendances, disease pattern, and routine healthcare due to hospitals being unable to manage surges of patients coming with infection while providing normally-planned and scheduled healthcare services simultaneously. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on patient flow, attendances and disease pattern at University Teaching Hospitals – Eye Hospital (UTHs-EH) between quarters two of 2019 and 2020. Methods: A Hospital based descriptive non-interventional, retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing the records of patients that were seen at the UTHs-EHs during quarters two of 2019 and 2020. Results: Research findings showed that a total of 7,088 patients attended the Eye Hospital in quarters two of 2019 and 2020, of which 5,658 patients were attended to in 2019, compared to 1,430 in 2020 representing a reduction of 74.7%. In quarter two of 2019, the re-attendances were 3,440, while only 966 were re-attendances in quarter two of 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, giving a reduction of 71.9%. The same trend was observed for new cases, with 2019 quarter two recording 2,218, compared to 464 in 2020 quarter two, representing a decline of 79.1%. A total of 1,469 female patients were attended to with top ten conditions in quarter two of 2019, compared to 222 in quarter two of 2020, representing a decline of 84.9%. Similarly, the male patients attended to with top ten conditions dropped from 1,000 in quarter two of 2019 to 120 in quarter two of 2020, giving a decline of 88.0%. Refractive Error was the most prevalent condition, with 1,523 and 129 patients seen in quarters two of 2019 and 2020 respectively, giving a decline of 91.5%. A total of 748 surgeries were performed between the two periods under review of which, 487 were performed in quarter two of 2019, compared to 261 performed in quarter two 2020 which was a decline of 46.4%. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a remarkable decline in patient flow, attendances and disease pattern at UTHs-EH, between the two periods under review. On the other hand, negative consequences arising from disruption of ophthalmological clinical flow, attendances and disease pattern remain to be seen.
Page(s): 79-84 Date of Publication: 12 July 2022
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Before the development of modern medicine, plants were once the primary source of all medicine in the world, and they continue to provide mankind with new remedies. Uterotonic plants are plants that stimulate uterine contraction and are therefore used to assist labor, remove retained placenta, control postpartum bleeding and as an abortifacient. Gossypium is one of the herbal remedies that is being used to induce labor, despite being used to induce labor the root extracts of Gossypium hirsutum had not yet been scientifically studied to assess their uterotonic potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect that the root extracts of Gossypium hirsutum had on the uterus. This was an experimental study that was conducted using isolated strips of uterine smooth muscles that were obtained from healthy non-pregnant Wistar rats. Extraction of the plant was done by maceration and Soxhlet apparatus using three solvents (aqueous, methanol & petroleum ether). The results of this study showed that crude root extracts of Gossypium hirsutum possess demonstrable uterotonic potential, the aqueous extract was found to be the most potent and most efficacious (EC 50 = 7.76 x10-1 mg/ml and Emax = 15.25 mN). The extract induced contraction were blocked by three antagonist (Nifedipine, salbutamol and Indomethacin), the antagonism was more with a calcium channel blocker (P= 0.008). The reduced amplitude of contraction in the presence of these antagonist indicated the involvement of beta 2 receptors, prostaglandins and Calcium in the Gossypium hirsutum induced uterine contractions.
Page(s): 85-91 Date of Publication: 18 July 2022
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Breast cancer incidence is relatively lower in Africa. However, despite its relatively lower incidence, the mortality rate is quite high compared to the west. One of the reasons for the high mortality is late presentation. This prospective study sought to find out the reasons for the late presentation. Materials And Methods Consecutive patients diagnosed with Breast Cancer at any stage were recruited into the study. A well-structured questionnaire was prepared, oral consent obtained after carefully explaining the purpose of the study. History was taken and physical examination done. The patients were then classified into stages and those in stages III and IV were included in this study. The questionnaires were filled by directly questioning the patients. Data was analyzed by IBM SSPS statistics 24. Result There were 131/191 (68.6%) respondents who presented late in stages III & IV, all females, with an age range of 25-88 years and a mean of 48.69 (SD 11.35). The highest incidence is in the age range 40-49 with 25.2% (33/131) while the least incidence is found in the age range 80-89 with 4.6% (6/131) only. Of 131 respondents, 75 (57.3%) sought unorthodox help initially when they noticed a problem in their breasts, 4(34.4%) sought some form of orthodox help including visiting health workers at home, going to chemists/ pharmacies while only 11 (8.3%) presented first to our center. Out of 131 respondents, 14.8% (18/131) cited lack of funds, 30.3% (37/131) church/pastors/priests/prayers, 11.5% (14/131) fear of mastectomy, 30.3% (37/131) lack of awareness/knowledge, 39.3% (48/131/) herbal remedy. Other reasons include self-medication, trust in God, hope, etc.
Page(s): 92-95 Date of Publication: 25 July 2022
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.9602Download PDF