This study examined availability and utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in primary schools in Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. The study adopted the survey research design. Population of the study comprised 25,791 teachers in public primary schools in Abuja. A sample of four hundred and thirty-five (435) were randomly selected across the six Area Councils in the FCT, Abuja. Instrument of the study was titled: Availability and Utilization of ICT Assessment Scale (AU-ICT-AS). It was constructed in a 4-point modified likert scale format. The descriptive statistics of frequency count, means, variance, and percentages were adopted for data analysis upon which the research questions of the study were answered. It was found that ICT facilities are inadequately provided for teaching and learning in primary schools in the FCT, Abuja, hence, the benefits of ICTs in teaching and learning are grossly not explore and, most primary school teachers are not ICT compliance which in turn hindered utilization of ICT resources for teaching and learning process. Based on this, it was recommended that government should be proactive in discharging her roles in the provision of educational resources to schools, and teachers should be trained in the use of ICT facilities in teaching and learning process.
Page(s): 01-04 Date of Publication: 28 December 2022
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In response to a recent increase in accidents in the Zambian aviation industry, a study was conducted to assess the reliability of maintenance programs in the sector. A questionnaire was distributed to 108 respondents, all of whom provided a response. The results of the study were analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel, and presented in the form of frequency tables and pie charts. The results revealed that 99% of the respondents had Maintenance Reliability Programs (MRPs) in place, with 50% reporting that their MRPs were effective. The study also found that the aviation industry in Zambia places a strong emphasis on safety procedures, with many respondents agreeing that stringent safety procedures are implemented.
Page(s): 05-13 Date of Publication: 02 January 2023
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.91201Download PDF
This paper examined the impact of information and communication technology on public sector productivity growth from 2000 to 2019 in Nigeria. It also explained the effects of past or lag productivity growth values on current productivity growth in Nigeria. The paper employed the autoregressive model and technique to estimate and analyze the data. The study reviewed relevant literature on the impact of ICT on productivity. The literature review suggests that ICT is positively related to productivity, but a large number of studies have not demonstrated that in Nigeria. The results revealed that ICT had a significant positive impact on public sector productivity growth in Nigeria. The result also indicated that past-period productivity growth significantly influences current-period public sector productivity growth in Nigeria. That explained the autoregressive nature of productivity growth. The paper also provided evidence that capital, labour, education output and foreign direct investment significantly influence public sector productivity growth in Nigeria. The policy recommendations of the paper include that the Public Sector should be provided with more ICT investments and infrastructures by the Government to optimize ICT potential in the country. The Government should upgrade the ICT skills deficiency among employees in the Public Sector to improve performance, to mention but few.
Page(s): 14-21 Date of Publication: 03 January 2023
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.91202Download PDF
Malaria is one of the most important and widespread disease entity in the tropics. It is caused by the blood coccidian (protozoan plasmodium) parasite. Malaria poses a major concern to both human capital and economic development among others factors in endemic areas of Nigeria. The study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of malaria management and factors associated with the knowledge of malaria management among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Dass Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling was used to sample HCWs. Using a cross sectional study, a schedule was used to retrieve data from 223 HCWs. 123 (55.2 %) of the respondents have good knowledge of the management of malaria. More than 50.0 % of the respondents knew the symptoms of malaria and how to treat it. The Pearson’s chi square test for independence revealed no statistically significant association (p ≥ 0.05) between the knowledge of malaria management and the sociodemographic characteristic variables among HCWs. The study indicated that majority of HCWs in the study have good knowledge of malaria management. There are however, many HCWs who still have poor knowledge of malaria management. The knowledge of malaria management indicated no significant relationship with the sociodemographic variables. There is therefore the need for the Government and Hospital Management to ensure regular, proper and continuous medical education of the healthcare workers so as to improve the quality and standards of healthcare service delivery.
Page(s): 22-26 Date of Publication: 09 January 2023
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Wider use of tailings to overcome a large amount of waste from mining activities at P.T. Freeport-Timika, in this case, use is to make ceramics made from gold mining waste tailings of P.T. Freeport-Timika. Physically, the tailings composition consists of a 50% fine sand fraction with a diameter of 0.075 – 0.4 mm; the rest is a clay fraction with a diameter of 0.075 mm. The process of conducting a feasibility study for the construction of a ceramic factory made from the primary raw material of mining tailings begins with determining the raw materials to be used, namely: Plastic Material (Clay), Silica Sand, Dolomite, U5, Water Glass (Na2SiO3) and Tailings. The next step is to unravel. The process of making ceramics consists of two kinds: techniques for Single Firing and Double Firing. The Double Firing production process consists of seven methods: Body Preparation, Pressing, Biscuit Firing, Glaze Preparation, Glaze Application, Glost Firing, Sorting & Packing. Whereas in the Single Firing process, the production process does not go through the Biscuit Firing process but goes directly to the Glaze Application process. The optimal tailings composition for ceramics is 62.5%. The rest are Feldspar, Ball Clay, and Talc raw materials. The installed production capacity of the planned ceramic factory is 2000 M2/day or 600,000 M2/year, and the total demand for tailings for production per day is 35 tons The investment requirement for constructing a ceramic plant in Timika is Rp. 46,183,318,981. The biggest financing is the construction of civil construction factories, warehouses, workshops, and others, amounting to Rp.21,700,000,000. The Feasibility Value of the investment in constructing a ceramic plant in Timika is an NPV of Rp. 230,070,369, and the IRR value is 38%, so constructing a ceramic plant in Timika is said to be Financially Feasible.
Page(s): 27-35 Date of Publication: 09 January 2023
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.91203Download PDF
Although, there are high population densities living around some of the major river basins due to the fertility of the areas, even in the case of minor floods, these settlements are constantly at risk due to flow of this excess water to the Dry Residential Areas. When such over-flooding occurs in the river basins, it is important to have real-time remote mapping, causality determination, and analyzing method to prevent disasters and to deploy emergency response teams to rescue human lives. Nevertheless, the use of aerial images for geographical mapping of such critical areas is difficult and unclear due to the cloudy atmosphere that exists with heavy rainfall and other environmental disturbances. To circumvent such obstacles, we propose a novel method that employs Sentinel 1 SAR data, as well as a speckle filter, to further refine the critical flood events over a free-defined period. Compared to the existing optical sensing methods (MODIS, Landsat etc.), the proposed method gives more accuracy in data analysis and prediction. In land cover classification test, it achieves 94.41% accuracy. The method combined with user-friendly GEE-SAR based platform, foremost over normal aerial photograph analysis as it avoids any environmental disturbances. Thus, the general public here without computer literacy can be informed timely about the threats via phones, etc. Hence, this research study with our novel risk identification method and formulated applet will protect those lives near the rivers. The proposed methodology based approach can be used for flood daunted river basins exist anywhere in the world
Page(s): 36-42 Date of Publication: 09 January 2023
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.91204Download PDF
Hypertension is a serious medical condition because it often has no warning signs or symptoms but rarely can be seen some signs and symptoms. According to modern medicine hypertension or high blood pressure (HBP) is defined as two levels; (1) elevated BP with a systolic pressure (SBP) between 120 and 129 mmHg and diastolic pressure (DBP) less than 80 mmHg and, the (2) SBP is in between 130 to 139 mmHg or a DBP is 80 to 89 mmHg. Ayurvedic scholars have come up with various names for high blood pressure such as Raktagata Vãta, Sirãgata Vãta, Avrita Vãta, Dhamani Prapurana, Rakta Vikshepa, Vyana Prakopa, Raktamada, Uchharaktachapa, and Vyãna Atibala etc. Untreated hypertension condition can affect the heart, brain, kidneys and eyes, leading to later development of diseases. Yoga therapies have healing power and effect on the energy flow of the body as well as it is good for the relaxation. This study is a literature review; searches were carried out to find out the effects of Yoga on hypertension related to decreasing the Systolic and diastolic pressure, by using popular search engines, including Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Research gate, semantic scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Ind MED within the period of 06 months. Twenty-seven articles were reviewed and 100% of the articles showed (directly or indirectly) Yoga has a positive effect on hypertension by reducing systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The present study found that Yoga has a safe and effective treatment for Hypertension by reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, it is free from any adverse effects.
Page(s): 43-58 Date of Publication: 11 January 2023
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Introduction: Soya bean is a legume that has been extensively used as an important source of dietary proteins, dietary fiber and oil throughout the world. It has also been identified to possess phytoestrogen components like isoflavones, coumestans and ligans, though rich in isoflavones. This has been shown to posse weak estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities at various concentrations. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of soya bean aqueous extract on the ovary and female reproductive hormones using adult female albino Wistar rats. Methodology: Fifteen adult female rats were assigned into three different groups of 5rats each. Group 1 was the negative control. Both groups 2 and 3 were the treatment groups. They were treated with 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of soya bean aqueous extract respectively. The treatment of the animals lasted for 4weeks and the feeding was done orally. Blood samples were collected and assayed for FSH, LH and estrogen hormones. The ovaries were also processed for histological studies. Result: Increases in the hormonal levels were observed in both group 2 and 3, when compared with group 1. There was significant increase in LH in group 3 and estrogen in groups 2 and 3 when compared to group 1. Histological examination of the ovary showed a progressive enhancement in the ovarian follicles population and maturation in the treated groups. Conclusion: The research showed that soya beans had obvious positive effects on the ovary and female reproductive hormones. A further study in human is recommended especially in the aspect of the management of menopause.
Page(s): 59-62 Date of Publication: 12 January 2023
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The study examined the relationship between Organisational Ergonomics (OE) and academic staff performance at Lagos State University. The study is a shift from the conventional examination of organizational ergonomics as a direct variable within the production/manufacturing or construction system that has been the focus of past researchers to the use of indicators of OE within an academic environment. The study population is five hundred and fifty-seven (557) academic staff of Lagos State University, Ojo campus. While a sample size of two hundred and thirty-four (234) was drawn from the population. The reliability of the research instrument was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (with 0.884 reliability statistics) while the validity was assessed using content and face validities. The study found that; in the two hypotheses tested there were moderate positive relationships between the two indicators of OE (teamwork and participatory design) and the indicators of performance (level of innovativeness and flow of work with R = 0.540 and 0.535 respectively) based on the academic environment tested. This implies that there is a relationship between organisational ergonomics and the performance of the academic staff of LASU. The study concluded that; the use of such indicators as teamwork, participatory design, and level of innovativeness, the flow of work to study the relationship, especially within academic work environments give a new insight into how these factors can also improve the success of an organisation effectively and employee performance. The study recommends among others that; management in an academic system would need to develop a policy that enhances participatory design in workplace to improve the teamwork of the system, and invariably the level of innovativeness in a knowledge-based environment.
Page(s): 63-68 Date of Publication: 12 January 2023
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The goals of this study were to use remote sensing and a Geographic Information System to track land use and cover change in Cameroon’s Bamenda highlands and to assess the effects of these changes on the local ecosystem. Supervised classification using the maximum likelihood classification algorithm was used to extract information from Landsat time series images from 2000 to 2018. The classification was relatively acceptable and effective in detecting land-use changes in the area. Between 2000 and 2010, farmland increased by 10.29%, and by 2018, it had increased by 14.39%. Similarly, plantations expanded by 15.07 km2 (4.1%) between 2000 and 2010, reaching 20.51 km2 (5.58%) by 2018, while built-up areas increased by 0.51% between 2000 and 2010, reaching 1.43% by 2018. These increases came at the expense of forest, savannah, and waterbodies, which were reduced by 3.93%, 10.33%, and 17.17%, respectively. Savannah had a strong negative correlation with a built-up area (R2 = 1), and plantation area (R2 = .98). As a consequence, the increase of built-up areas and plantation farms could be at the cost of the reduction in savannah and forestlands. On the whole, increased deforestation, growth in plantations, built-ups, and farmlands, have had an impact on the area’s ecosystem structure and functions. The findings are critical for developing environmental management policies and ecological integrity of the area. Water, energy, food security, climate mitigation, and agroecological sustainability policies, as well as their synergies and tradeoffs in the context of sustainable development goals, are important research areas.
Page(s): 69-77 Date of Publication: 13 January 2023
DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2022.61205Download PDF
Malaysia’s private higher education institutions (HEIs) aim to provide high-quality teaching to shape and generate the nation’s human capital for its development. Due to competition among HEIs, the institution has been pressured to provide high-quality education to maintain its long-term viability. In this regard, private HEIs need leaders who can drive change to overcome all obstacles, especially in terms of improving the performance of academics and the organization. As a result, the study’s main aim is to investigate the relationship between transformative leadership and employee work performance. The research group believes that the findings of the study will contribute to theoretical knowledge, with the combination of transformational leadership traits and job performance providing a new approach to labour market research. Data were obtained from 109 respondents from three private HEIs in Penang using quantitative research methods based on purposive sampling for descriptive and inferential analysis. The Bass and Avolio Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Form 6S (MLQ-6S) for transformational leadership (1985) and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) to assess individual work performance were used in this study. According to the findings, transformational leadership has a good and significant relationship with job performance. Specifically, dimensions of ideal influence, inspirational motivation, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation are four aspects of the transformational leadership style that have a positive effect on employee work performance. Consequently, leaders and managers should model this behaviour in the workplace.
Page(s): 78-84 Date of Publication: 13 January 2023
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Current research in physics shows that undergraduate students have poor conceptual knowledge of waves and optics. This research seeks to assess novice preservice physics teachers’ conceptual understanding of mechanical waves using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Year one semester two (Y1,2) preservice physics teachers in a university in Uganda were exposed to a standardized multiple choice question (MCQ) assessment test- Mechanical Waves Conceptual Survey 2 (MWCS2). The descriptive quantitative analysis of novice preservice physics teachers’(NPPT) responses to the MCQ assessment test was taken beyond the conventional responses of assessing the correct options by considering how their responses to the multiple choice were distributed. Interpretive qualitative analysis was used to interpret the responses to each question in order to determine what informed NPPT responses to each question. The interpretation of both qualitative and quantitative data was combined to make sense of scientific conceptions, alternative conceptions, and misconceptions upheld by the preservice teachers. The findings and the distributions showed that novice preservice physics teachers’ conceptual understanding and knowledge of mechanical waves are poor. Implications for teaching and learning mechanical waves amongst NPPT in view of their future professional practice were identified
Page(s): 85-93 Date of Publication: 19 January 2023
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.91206Download PDF
Coffee is one of the beverages favoured by the public. Coffee contains caffeine which is able to increase concentration and this ability takes place depending on the dose received by the body. The purpose of this study is to isolate caffeine from coffee tree and characterize nanoparticles caffeine in polymerized PLGA-PVA and Its pharmacokinetics (Vd, ke, t1/2 dan Cl) Preparing of caffeine nanoparticles using ingredients form Robusta coffee beans that have been dried and roasted and extracted using digestive method, to obtain caffeine. Then the caffeine is made into a formulation of polylytic nanoparticles PLGA and PVA with emulsion solvent evaporation method. The formulation of caffeine nanoparticles is characterized particle size PSA, zeta potential and morphology is performed by using TEM. In vivo test, using 24 rats in four groups, gave 0,9 mg /200mgBW sample test versus control. Amount 0,5 ml of blood sample test is obtain at time series: 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180, 240, 360 and 480 via vena orbitalis to have (ka;Cmax;Tmax:AUC;Vd, ke, t1/2 and Cl) parameters. As the result of characterization is obtained an average diameter of 173.8 nm, zeta potential -16.2 mV and PDI of 0.148. We had Vd is 1954,159 ml. ke is 0,00119 min-1. t1/2 is 580,979 min-1 ; Cl is 2,331 mg/min in Tmax 30 minutes. Its morphology has a spheric surface shape. So that nanoparticle caffeine formulated based Robusta coffee beans can be produced using PLGA and PVA polymers using emulsion solvent evaporation method for topical pharmaceutic and cosmetics proposed.
Page(s): 94-98 Date of Publication: 27 January 2023
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.91207Download PDF
Buildings are cultural expressions of people’s identity as well as their material culture. In recent decades, Igbo traditional architecture has also seen changes in building typology and morphology. It has made a number of architectural claims based on how people perceive modern or traditional or modern contemporary buildings. One of Nigeria’s three main cultural groups, Igbo society can be found in the southeast, south-south, and some areas of the west of the country. Most traditional Igbo buildings from the turn of the century were designed and built with three basic architectural qualities: durability, utility, and beauty (public admiration). These Igbo-speaking states, Anambra, Abia, Imo, Ebonyi, and Enugu are the primary Igbo states in Nigeria. Building finishes in Igbo traditional architecture, despite their aesthetic and cultural value, are beginning to disappear due to the influence of the western style of architecture. This is leading to the loss in the cultural values and the beauty of the original Igbo community architecture. This work intends to compare the building finishings used by the Igbo people in precolonial, colonial and post-colonial eras. The disciplinary area of focus is building finishings in Igbo-speaking areas of Nigeria. The author will be careful with the analytical instruments and tools used. Survey method, Qualitative method and Content analysis will be deployed. Traditional Igbo building finishes observed includes mud (called aja uno or aja oto), bamboo stick (called achara or otosi), timber (called osisi), palm midrib (known as ofolo), timber (known as osisi), thatch (known as akanya, ata, aju, akilika, ejo etc), dye (uli, urie) used for colouring and rope/ strings (elili, udo, ekwele) were being used as fasteners for the joints in place of nails.
Page(s): 99-107 Date of Publication: 27 January 2023
DOI : 10.51244/IJRSI.2022.91208Download PDF
Formal education plays an important role in developing empowered human capital and therefore requires parental and community collaboration, which can certainly affect learners’ educational success regardless of family wealth, education, and social status. Despite the vital role girl-child education play in overall national development, limited literature exists in this respect as many academic kinds of literature on education tended to favor boys over girls. The study adopted a case study approach, a blend of quantitative and qualitative research design. The study investigated community perception towards girls’ education and constraints inhibiting the education of girls in the Dungu community, a suburb of Sagnarigu Municipality in Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana. The data collection tools included researchers’ observation, in-depth interviews, and group discussions among others, with the means of both an interview guide and a questionnaire with open and closed-ended questions. The data have been analyzed using a thematic approach and descriptive tools including; diagrams and frequency distribution tables to address the study questions to guide the study. The outcome/results show no evidence of organized practices militating girl-child education in the Dungu community. However, findings show parents and community generally have poor attitudes or perceptions towards girl child education, sheer socio-cultural cultural beliefs, and practices such as boys as a tool for family wealth, women as property of men after marriage, tradition, and norms allowing males to inherit family wealth at the expense of women. Additionally, respondents interviewed felt that most parents and guardians are incapable resource-wise and cannot afford to send both sexes to school and thus prefer the boy over the girl child. Also, most of the girls themselves have been unwilling to either go to school or stay in school even if they were sent. Therefore, it is suggested that an intensive public education is necessary to mitigate negative outdated practices cultural, traditional, and social notions and perceptions regarding the social status of women, especially girls, since cultural and traditional practices greatly contribute to the constraints of girls’ education in the Sagnarigu-Dungu area. Again, Microfinance services and local self-savings strategies such as the Village Savings and Loan Scheme (VSLA) popularly known as “Adakabili” are a few of the vital services that can boost the financial status of parents and community members to educate the girl-child
Page(s): 108-117 Date of Publication: 27 January 2023
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