QSAR (Quantitative structure-activity relationship) and molecular modeling studies have been performed on a series of influenza neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors with cyclohexene scaffold. The QSAR model shows that the activity of compounds would be a function of their molecular size, but very large molecule may create steric problem. The drug-receptor interaction might involve dispersion interaction. Using the QSAR model some new compounds with cyclohexene scaffold actind as NA inhibitors have been predicted. Except a few compounds, all other predicted compounds have as good docking scores as the well known NA inhibitor, Zanamivir. The most active compound among the predicted ones is shown to have almost same number of hydrogen bonding with the enzyme as the Zanamivir.
Page(s): 01-10 Date of Publication: 16 January 2018
Download PDF
The human eye is an organ which gives a feeling of sight. Diabetic Retinopathy is a most basic diabetic eye infection which is a main source of visual impairment in India. Diabetic Retinopathy is a sickness in which the retinal veins swell and it might even break. This harms the retina of the eye and may prompt vision misfortune if the level of diabetes is high. Early determination of Diabetic Retinopathy can counteract vision misfortune in patients. The technique proposed in this paper for discovery of Diabetic Retinopathy infection level accentuates on assurance of two imperative sorts of Diabetic Retinopathy; Haemorrhages and Exudates. These sorts can be removed utilizing fundus images of patients and handling these fundus pictures through a proper picture preparing method. In light of the nearness of these sorts and their sum in the fundus images will decide the level of Diabetic Retinopathy in patients.
Page(s): 11-13 Date of Publication: 16 January 2018
Download PDF
The problem of sexual harassment is increasingly “coming out of the closet”. Companies are starting to realize that the problem is real; some managers are admitting that it could affect their staff, and more victims are starting to gather the courage to complain. And in terms of recent labor legislation, victims do have legal recourse. Everybody wants to work for making life more luxurious and financially secure. Men and women both are earning and doing well on their workplaces. Technologies changes are accepting. People are not afraid anymore from new changes in environment. Workplace is become very important part of life. Every organization is working on their human power and tries to make them more efficient in their work. Organizations provide good working condition, positive environment, supportive colleagues and giving good remuneration etc. These facilities are enough when workplace is full of good people. In this article I am trying to explain effects of stress, stress due to sexual harassment. Sexual harassment has been theorized as a stress or with consequences for the physical and mental health of its targets. Though social scientists have documented a negative association between sexual harassment and mental health, few longitudinal studies have investigated the association between sexual harassment and depressive symptoms. Today many companies are unprepared to deal with actual cases of sexual harassment and undertake adequate and fair investigation any allegations. They are also faced with challenge to answer.
Page(s): 14-18 Date of Publication: 16 January 2018
Download PDF
Our present state of the world in which we live is, because of certain systems like social, political, economic, religious………etc. all these wove together into a complex structure called society. We live in what has been called the ‘Informatic Age’ the electronic media bombards our sense with all sorts of sounds and pictures bytes. The advent of globalisation and privatisation is injecting changes in our life styles. In the borderless world that we are moving, competition is fierce, be it in resource management or in capturing markets. Globalization has opened up fantastic opportunities not only for trade and technology transfer but also for the technician engineers, accountants and managers….all these began with the art of communication. It is as old as mankind itself. It is older than the written word or even the spoken word. Human beings learnt to communicate much before they learnt to speak, read or write. People learnt to express themselves from sounds, grunts, actions, signs, gestures. Different theories regarding the origin of language or speech, the main theories are the bow-wow, the pooh – pooh, the ding dong, the gesture, the yo-he-yo, the musical, the contact.
Page(s): 19-20 Date of Publication: 16 January 2018
Download PDF
In this paper, we presents a rigorous survey on different image processing technique used to identify various rice leaf diseases. India is the second largest country producing of rice. An estimated 70% of indian economy depends on agriculture. Since, growing indian population, which is increasingly depends on the agriculture. Production of crops must be enhanced. A crops disease has financially strike the society. Crops diseases have caused huge economic losses in each countries. Normal human vision cannot detect the disease more accurately. Therefore, an alternative system is required. Where, a low cost but technology dependent system is required. The best alternative is nothing but image processing as it provides results than any other techniques.
Page(s): 21-23 Date of Publication: 16 January 2018
Download PDF
In this paper, we presents a rigorous survey on different image processing technique used to identify various rice leaf diseases. India is the second largest country producing of rice. An estimated 70% of indian economy depends on agriculture. Since, growing indian population, which is increasingly depends on the agriculture. Production of crops must be enhanced. A crops disease has financially strike the society. Crops diseases have caused huge economic losses in each countries. Normal human vision cannot detect the disease more accurately. Therefore, an alternative system is required. Where, a low cost but technology dependent system is required. The best alternative is nothing but image processing as it provides results than any other techniques.
Page(s): 24-27 Date of Publication: 16 January 2018
Download PDF
The paper presents the innovative way to design a Surveillance system based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems and Sensors. MEMS is an enabling technology allowing the development of smart products, augmenting the computational ability of microelectronics with the perception and control capabilities of micro sensors and expanding the space of possible designs and applications This surveillance system colloquially known as MIRASS which stands for MEMS IR based airborne surveillance system which detects the remote detection of hazardous/radio active materials, real time IR and optical spectral graphic observation and inspection of critical assets like top secrete machines and devices.
Page(s): 28-30 Date of Publication: 18 January 2018
Download PDF
The voltammetric behaviour of cinnarizine was investigated. In pH 2.5 Britton-Robinson buffer, cinnarizine shows an irreversible oxidation peak at about 1.20 V at a carbon paste electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The cyclic voltammetric results indicate that carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with MWCNTs can remarkably enhance electro-catalytic activity towards the oxidation of cinnarizine. The electro-catalytic behavior was further exploited as a sensitive detection scheme for the cinnarizine by differential-pulse voltammetry. Under optimized conditions, the concentration range and detection limit are 8.0 x 10-9 to 4.5 x 10-7 M and 1.11 x 10-9 M respectively for cinnarizine. The developed method was successfully applied for detection of cinnarizine in pharmaceutical samples. The analytical performance of this sensor has been evaluated for detection of cinnarizine in urine as a real sample.
Page(s): 31-41 Date of Publication: 18 January 2018
Download PDF
BACKGROUND: Respiratory muscle weakness is commonly found in neurologicalpatients and respiratory strength can be found out using the Maximum Expiratory Pressure, Maximum Inspiratory Pressure and functional capacity with Six Minute Walk Test. OBJECTIVE: To find out respiratory muscle training over respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity in hemi paretic patients. METHODOLOGY: Study design Quasi-Experimental, study type pre and post-test type. Inclusion criteria: both men and women were included, Age 40-65.Exclusion criteria: recent fracture and surgeries. The samples are collected about 14 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples are analysed with Respiratory Pressure Meter and Six Minute Test. RESULTS: This results shows respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity has improved in 6-week training protocol. CONCLUSION: From this study it is concluded that respiratory muscle training is effective for improving the respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity in hemi paretic patients.
Page(s): 42-45 Date of Publication: 18 January 2018
Download PDF
BACKGROUND: Stroke is a condition in which Spasticity in the body musculature greatly affect the functional independence of the patients. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is one of the useful modality to reduce Spasticity. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation over Gastrocnemius muscle spasticity among hemiparetic patients. STUDY DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study design, pre and post type. PROCEDURE: Ten subjects were randomly allocated into two groups (Group A and Group B). For 5 subjects in Group A, conventional therapy was given (Passive stretching and Passive range of motion). For other 5 subjects in Group B, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation was applied over belly of Gastrocnemius muscle for 60 minutes at 100 Hz frequency, 200 microseconds of pulse width with 2 or 3 times sensory threshold along with conventional therapy was given. Modified Ashworth Scale was measured before and after the treatment. RESULTS: The TENS group showed a significant reduction in spasticity of Gastrocnemius, compared to the conventional group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: On the basis of this study, it shows that application of TENS over Gastrocnemius, can reduce the muscle spasticity in stroke patients.
Page(s): 46-52 Date of Publication: 18 January 2018
Download PDF
Eight predominant actinomycetes strains isolated from the marine soil samples collected from Nizampatnam coast of Andhra Pradesh demonstrated high chitinase activity on Colloidal chitin agar medium with average clearing zone of 20mm. A study was undertaken to screen these isolates for the production of chitinase. One of the strain produced higher amount of chitinase enzyme relative to the other strains thus the strain was identified based on 16s rDNA sequencing and designated as Rhodococcus sp. SVL. It grew maximally in shake flask and produced significant amount of chitinase at 35°C, pH 7.0. It has also shown a pronounced inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani. This is the first report of chitinase production from Rhodococcus sp.
Page(s): 53-58 Date of Publication: 18 January 2018
Download PDF
I. INTRODUCTION It is one of the fundamental elements of muscular performance which has its relevance to activities like bending and lifting activities of daily living, being examples of activities in which the ability to resist fatigue in trunk extensors, especially in an industrial setting2. In order to maintain proper position of spine the back extensors are responsible to maintain lordos is thus controlling rate and flexion magnitude with the ground reaction forces3. Endurance (a measure of fitness) is the ability to work for prolonged periods of time and the ability to resist fatigue. It includes muscular endurance and cardio vascular endurance. Muscular endurance is defined as the ability to perform repeated contractions over a period of time for an isolated group of muscle, whereas as cardiovascular endurance is defined as the ability to perform dynamic exercises for larger muscle groups, such as walking swimming, or biking for long periods of time. Low back pain occurs as a result of trunk muscle with the poor endurance in the lumbar spine which induce strain on the passive structures4. For people with low back pain there is a lower muscular endurance when compared to people not with the low back pain5. The inactivity and pain make trunk muscles fatigue under normal conditions and hindering to act continuously throughout the day and trunk muscle with lower endurance contributes to low back pain6. To prevent lumbar pain, the endurance of the stabilizers is most important and there is a poor association between the spinal health and strength of lumbar stabilizers2,7. To maintain spinal stability, motor control is an important factor and motor control errors arise with increase in reduced endurance and fatigue which occurs as a result of improper muscle forces4. To improve performance and to reduce disability subsequently the training of trunk muscle endurance is recommended with increased fatigue threshold5. For the aetiology of low back pain , trunk extensors with poor endurance have not only been implicated but also been with the occurrence of low back pain for the first time4,6. Muscle endurance is the ability to exert a force repeatedly against a resistance performing with multiple repetitions for a group of muscles as like swimming or running. Decreased lumbar pelvic or core stability has been suggested to contribute to the aetiology of lower extremity injuries, particularly in females. Students who reported low back pain were found to have trunk extensor with decreased endurance14. And this found to be the predictor of LBP11,12. In trunk muscle endurance deficits there occurs an imbalance of flexion and extension trunk muscle endurance. The imbalance of flexion and extension endurance is associated with the cause of low back pain proving that extensor having with less endurance than flexor19. This testing procedure provides clinician a time intensive, expensive. Trunk muscle endurance testing is necessary for two reasons. One, these muscles are predominantly muscle fibers with type I16, 17 that appears to occur as a result of deconditioning which is more anaerobic. Two, isometric strength of trunk muscles maximum was not associated with low back pain in an athlete. The term endurance training generally refers to training the aerobic system as opposed to anaerobic. First, Hansen in 1964 described the evaluation of isometric of trunk muscle endurance and later in 1984 it is followed Biering Sorensen which was known as the ‘Sorensen test’ and considered as a popularity tool for low back pain in males within next years25. This consists of measuring a person’s amount of time that enable him to hold the unsupported upper body in a horizontal prone position fixing the body to the examining table.
Page(s): 59-62 Date of Publication: 18 January 2018
Download PDF
Cold formed steel is a basic components in construction of lightweight prefabricated structures like stud frame panels, trusses and prefabricated structures. Typically columns, beams and angles etc. are different globally. This research work deals with the details of an Experimental on cold-formed steel section subjected to tension load. This analysis carries single angle sections of 3mm and 4mm and double angles sections of 3mm and 4mm under plain (without Lipped) and with Lipped conditions subjected to tension. The papers present the load carrying capacity of single angles lipped section increases by 26% in 3mm and double angles by 29% in 3mm compare with plain angles in 4mm. Analyses were carried out for thirty six numbers of angle sections under condition such as Lipped were connected same side to gusset plate and connected to opposite side. Simultaneously, ultimate compressive strength of cold formed members has been investigated.
Page(s): 63-69 Date of Publication: 31 January 2018
Download PDF
Today the MMC’s have find wide applications in all the engineering fields due to their light weight and high strength parameters, especially in the field of automobile and mechanical industries The aluminium MMC have got wide applications due to their excellent mechanical properties. In automobile industries the LM 25 aluminium is used in manufacturing of alloy wheels, connecting rod, engine blocks, and engine heads etc. In LM25 if they are reinforced with Silicon carbide and Activated Carbon, their total weight can be reduced and mechanical properties can be improved. In this sense we have selected the LM 25 Al alloy is used as a matrix material, Silicon carbide and Activated Carbon as reinforcements. The mechanical test results revealed that the LM 25 MMC’s have excellent wear resistance. The composite has been produced by Liquid metallurgy technique (stir casting). The properties of chosen composite is compared with base metal for Tension, Compression, wear and Hardness. This paper is aimed at development of aluminium metal matrix composites with hybrid reinforcement. Here aluminium alloy (LM25) has been selected as base metal along with silicon carbide various weight ratio and 2% activated carbon (AC) have been taken as reinforcements to produce hybrid composite.
Page(s): 70-77 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
In this paper the capacitance of a charge conducting plate has been calculated using Method of Moments with MATLAB. The result is also compared with the Least Square Approximation to analyze the charge distribution of a metallic surface.
Page(s): 78-82 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
Background: – Knee osteoarthritis (osteoarthritis) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition worldwide and is a leading cause of knee pain and disability among elderly people. Of the three knee joint compartments, knee osteoarthritis is most commonly observed in the medial tibio-femoral joint. This is most likely due to the greater loads applied to this compartment (relative to the lateral) during walking. Objective: – To evaluate the effect of medial arch support on reduction of pain in medial osteoarthritis knee patient with flat foot. Study Design: – Experimental design, Single case study. Subject: -Patient was selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study topic was explained to the patient and written concern was taken. The patient was provided with a medial arch support for a period of two months. The medial arch support was pasted in the patient’s footwear and was asked to wear it for a period of minimum 6 hours per day, at least 6 days a week. The medial arch support is made of silicon material with an average thickness of mm. Results: -The study shows that there is an improvement in pain, symptoms, activities of daily living and quality of life in patients after the 8 week session of medial arch support. Conclusion: – This case study aimed to evaluate the effects of non-customized prefabricated medial arch supports on medial joint pain in osteoarthritis patient with flat foot. Although a cause-and-effect relationship cannot be inferred from a case study, the outcomes achieved suggests medial arch support may have a substandard impact on the overall disease process in osteoarthritis knee on a long seen patient no immediate changes in the outcomes were evident with their use.
Page(s): 83-89 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
A general method is presented for reconstructing nonminimum phase from amplitude only data. The nonminimum phase is generated utilizing the nonparametric method.The advantage of this method is that no priori information is needed and no such choice of basis function is required as the solution procedure develops the nature of the solution. This is accomplished by the Hilbert Transform which is a very fundamental property of nature that the real and imaginary part of the nonminimum phase transfer function can satisfy the relationship. The application of this method has been applied to the some antenna radiation pattern and scattering parameters of microwave filters.
Page(s): 90-94 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
Background: Neck pain is a common health issue which is always accompanied with marked disability in the general population. Musculoskeletal complaints in the neck and upper extremity in computer work are common in modern society and both show an increasing trend. Individuals working at desks and computers, or individuals who drive for a long period of time are more prone to this condition. Objective: This study is to evaluate the immediate effect of myofascial trigger point release on chronic neck pain among visual display terminal operators. Study Design: Experimental Study. Subjects: 40 subjects, age group between 20-35 years of both male and female. Intervention: A total of 40 subjects received myofascial trigger point release with pre and post-test. Outcome Measures: Neck disability index (NDI) & Visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Statistical analysis was done by using paired ‘t’ test which showed significant improvement in subjects. Conclusion: The findings show that myofascial trigger release is effective in chronic neck pain.
Page(s): 95-97 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
Background: There are many treatments given for Patellar tendinitis or Jumper’s knee which includes Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Massage, Eccentric training However, studies involving Low Level Laser Therapy for management of Patellar tendinitis or Jumper’s knee are limited to this date . Objective: To find out compare the effects of low level laser and ultrasonic therapy in subjects with jumper’s knee. Study design: Quasi experimental study design. Subjects: 8 subjects with LASER with eccentric exercise, Ultrasound with eccentric exercise age group 19-30 years of both male and female. Intervention: 4 subjects in the Group A received LASER and Eccentric exercise with pre and post-test and 4 subjects in Group B received Ultrasound with pre and post-test. Outcome measure: Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Victorian Institute of Sports Association for Patellar tendinopathy. Results: Statistical analysis was done by using Paired‘t’ which showed significant improvement in both group. Conclusion: Low level laser therapy has significant result in the reduction of pain and functional activity in patellar tendinitis.
Page(s): 98-106 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
Europium doped nanocrystalline films of (Cd0.8-Zn0.2)S are prepared by chemical bath deposition method (using capping agents) on glass substrates at different temperatures (60ºC, 80ºC and 100ºC). Their optical absorption spectra and photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra are studied and compared with that of the bulk film (prepared at 60ºC without capping agents). Blue shift in the absorption edge is observed in the nanocrystalline film in comparison to that of bulk indicating quantum confinement effect. The values of optical band gap obtained from Tauc’s plots have been found to be 2.41eV for the bulk film and in the range 2.81eV to 2.95eV for the different nanocrystalline films prepared at different temperatures. The value of band gap decreases with increasing bath temperature. The grain sizes obtained from these studies also lie in the nano range. Photoluminescence emission spectra show a shift in emission peak towards shorter wavelength suggesting particle size reduction. A less intense peak at around 615nm is also observed which may be due to the 5D0 –> 7F2 transition in Eu3+ ions. Emission intensity is maximum for deposition at 60º C.
Page(s): 107-110 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
Background: A posture is a position of the body which is maintained by the balanced muscular forces on the skeletal system. The posture is affected by the imbalance between the muscle force and also by the reduction or increase in the muscle length. Objective: To find the influence of flexibility in posture among obese adolescent collegiate. Methodology: Non experimental, observational, convenient sampling, sample size was 100 subjects. Subjects of 17 to 18 years, more than 27 ratio of Asian BMI were included in the study. The exclusion criteria were any congenital or acquired musculoskeletal problems and the person who were going for regular fitness training. Procedure: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria subjects were selected. The flexibility and posture assessment were taken and documented. Results: Paired t test was used to analyze the relation between the posture and flexibility which shows that the subjects who were having frontal head deviations having reduced shoulder flexibility and the subjects who having frontal hip deviations having reduced hamstring flexibility(p<0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that the forward rounded shoulder is correlated with the reduced shoulder flexibility. Increase accumulation of fatty tissue on the anterior trunk creates the eccentric load on the hamstring muscles then it gets shortened and this causes compensatory pelvic and knee abnormal position. So the postural changes were more significant in the obese populations.
Page(s): 111-119 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
Sorting problem is one of the most antique problems of computer science. From the beginning of computation, algorithms for sorting problem has been derived and analyzed by many researchers. The first sorting algorithm derived was bubble sort (1956). Many useful sorting algorithms are continually being invented like Merge sort, Timsort (2002), Library sort (2006). A vast number of sorting algorithms and their enhancements exists in the literature. One would really like to know that these enhancements of sorting algorithms are actually better than the conventional sorting algorithms. For this purpose authors have taken a case of classical merge sort and enhanced merge sort algorithm proposed by paira et al [12]. authors have tested the performance of both the algorithms using different random number distributions and found that there is no significant difference between the algorithms.
Page(s): 120-127 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
Now a days there is a need to understand why Sustainable development is important, because it is now becoming more acceptable as a social goal. What a sustainable society might be like or how it might be created. However, remain elusive and vague. It is generally accepted that such a society must be widespread adoption of activities that are sustainable in economic, environmental and social terms. This paper explores the potential of social capital as a policy concept and the value of the concept for interpreting community dynamics, making strategies to enhance community relations and development and finally how we can build a more sustainable society.
Page(s): 128-131 Date of Publication: 02 February 2018
Download PDF
During an earthquake, failure of structure starts off-evolved at factors of weak spot. This weak point arises due to discontinuity in mass, stiffness and geometry of structure. The systems having this discontinuity are termed as irregular systems. Irregular structures contribute a massive portion of city infrastructure. The effect of vertically irregularities within the seismic overall performance of systems will become definitely vital. Whilst such buildings are built in high seismic zones, the analysis and design turn into more complexes. The main objective of the analysis is to study the behaviour of flat slab system in vertical irregular multi-storied building against different forces acting on it during earthquake. Also, the objective of analysis is to study the structural behaviour of shear wall – flat slab interaction with opening. The analysis is carried out using STAAD Pro2007 software. Flat slab system with shear wall are modelled and analysed for the dynamic loading. The analysis is made between in the three types of G+9 storey building with 0 % vertical irregularity, 200 % vertical irregularity and 300% vertical irregularity. In all these building’s shear wall is provided with & without 20% opening. Total 15 modelled are studied and their results were compared. Response spectrum analysis results provides a more realistic behaviour of structure response hence the analysis of flat slab system in regular, 200% Irregular and 300% Irregular multi-storied buildings without shear wall and buildings with shear wall at different location & opening is carried out. It’s concluded that the flat slab Structure with shear wall along central periphery is suitable for the effect of dynamic load on the performance of building & negligible effects of opening of size 20% of the shear wall on the stiffness of the system. Comparison in made between Stresses & Bending Moment on flat slab, node displacement, Base shear, Story drift & the result are brought out.
Page(s): 132-139 Date of Publication: 04 February 2018
Download PDF
Vehicle towing is the procedure of towing away- vehicles parked in non-parking areas or areas causing hindrance to ongoing traffic, including wrecked vehicles. Such vehicles are either locked by a jammer or are taken away by the traffic regulatory team, after which the vehicle owner must pay the requested fine to retrieve the vehicle. This procedure is followed all around the world to penalize citizens who park their vehicles in non-parking areas or whose in areasthat obstruct ongoing traffic. In our project, we aim to increase the vehicle towing system’s efficiency by completely automating it, thereby helping the traffic regulatory team, the government and its’ citizens. The project is currently being developed as per the requirements of the Navi Mumbai Traffic Police. In this project, we will design an automated vehicle towing system that is implemented using two methods – one is a digital lock that can be unlocked by entering the correct password on the keypad attached and second is scanning the perpetrator’s vehicle’s number plate. The user interface will include two applications – one for the perpetrator and the other for the traffic regulatory (TRT) team. The details of the vehicle would also be updated and linked with the RTO, thus making it possible for the perpetrator to pay the fine immediately via our payment gateway. Our complete system includes a digital lock, Google Vision for scanning the vehicle number and a payment gateway for paying the fine. The system aims at reducing the complexity of the current system that requires a user to manually head over to the traffic police to pay their fine. Perpetrators unfamiliar with a particular area may face a lot of problems in doing so as the current system is neither clear nor specific about the entire vehicle towing process. Furthermore, the TRT may run out of locks or not be able to tow all vehicles that are parked in areas that cause hindrance. Our system’s automated outlook overcomes all these drawbacks. Furthermore, corruption is reduced as it discourages any officials from collecting bribes so as to release vehicles.
Page(s): 140-144 Date of Publication: 04 February 2018
Download PDF
The study was aimed to analyze the spatial and seasonal variability of physico-chemical parameters of ground water quality in Bassi Tehsil of District Jaipur, Rajasthan, India in order to assess its suitability for drinking purpose. For this ground water samples from 71 sampling sites of 50 villages of study area were collected from tube wells and hand pumps of varying depths in pre and post monsoon seasons and analyzed for ten physico-chemical parameters namely pH, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Nitrate, Fluoride, Total Dissolved Solid and Electrical Conductivity. Analysis of results showed that almost all parameters were exceeding the desirable limits prescribed by BIS, ICMR and WHO. But, by analyzing the data on the basis of highest permissible limits of the parameters, the observed principal ground water pollutants are total alkalinity, chloride, nitrate, fluoride, total dissolved solids (TDS) and electrical conductivity (EC). The study helps to understand the quality of water as well as to develop suitable management practices to protect the groundwater sources. Based on these results, it is also recommended to use water only after proper treatment for drinking purpose by the individuals to prevent adverse health effects.
Page(s): 145-162 Date of Publication: 04 February 2018
Download PDF
Density, viscosity and Ultrasonic velocity measurements have been used to calculate Isentropic Compressibility (βS) , Intermolecular free length (Lf) , Ultrasound velocity (V) , Density (ρ) , Excess Viscosity (η) , Shear’s Relaxation Time (τs) of solution of Di Methyl Phenyl Amine in aqueous organic solvent as Di ethyl Ether. In each case ultrasound velocity increase and isentropic compressibility (βS) Decreases, Intermolecular free length (Lf) Decreases, Density (ρ) increase and viscosity increases with increases in molar concentration of Di Methyl Phenyl Amine. The Result has been interpreted in terms of ion-solvent interaction on the basis of acoustic properties.
Page(s): 163-167 Date of Publication: 04 February 2018
Download PDF
In this present investigation biodiesel was developed from waste chicken fat having high free fatty acids (FFA).Two two step esterification method was used to develop the biodiesel from waste chicken fat. This two-step esterification method consists of pretreatment (Acid esterification) followed by Alkaline esterification. The properties of the biodiesel were measured and compared with petroleum diesel. Performance and emission test was conducted in compression ignition engine with chicken fat biodiesel and its blends, compared with petroleum diesel. For lower biodiesel blends brake thermal efficiency is increasing and specific fuel consumption is decreasing as compared to petroleum diesel. The exhaust gas emissions also reducing for lower biodiesel blends compared to petroleum diesel. The experimental results proved that use of chicken fat biodiesel in compression ignition engine is a viable alternative to petroleum diesel.
Page(s): 168-172 Date of Publication: 04 February 2018
Download PDF
Now a days a Multilevel inverter topologies are used as static VAR compensators, high voltage grid interconnections and variable speed motor drives. The Multilevel inverter performance is high compared to the conventional two level inverters due to their reduced harmonic distortion and less amount electromagnetic interference. In this scenario, Cascaded H Bridge MLI is preferred and the performance of the inverter can be improved by using different pulse width modulation techniques. The main disadvantage of the Cascaded MLI is complexity, requiring a great number of power devices and passive components, and a rather complex control circuitry. So in order to overcome the complexity nature the reduced switches multi-level inverters are proposed in this paper. So that the topology and the proposed topology multi-level inverters are compared with the Cascaded H bridge MLI. These methods are modeled by using the MATLAB/SIMULINK and the THD of these inverters are compared.
Page(s): 173-178 Date of Publication: 14 February 2018
Download PDF
The main scope of this paper is to interface of inverter with grid by using control techniques. The Current reference computation, PI controller, Current loop control, Phase Locked loop are used for control of inverter in this paper. The simulations for Line Voltage and current waveform are performed in MATLAB.
Page(s): 179-183 Date of Publication: 14 February 2018
Download PDF
The TB epidemic is larger than previously estimated, reflecting new surveillance and survey data from India. However, the number of TB deaths and the TB incidence rate continue to fall globally and in India. In 2015, there were an estimated 10.4 million new (incident) TB cases worldwide, of which 5.9 million (56%) were among men, 3.5 million (34%) among women and 1.0 million (10%) among children.2 A descriptive research study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding tuberculosis and its prevention among nursing students posted in selected hospital of Vadodara, Gujarat. The study was carried out in KGPC hospital, Vadodara. Through non probability convenient sampling technique 120 nursing students were selected. A structured questionnaire was prepared with four different areas and used to collect needed data and to assess the knowledge regarding tuberculosis and prevention. Data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.With regard to the knowledge assessment,(30)25% of samples had adequate knowledge, (75) 62.50% had moderate level of knowledge and (15) 12.50% inadequate knowledge regarding tuberculosis and its prevention. The highest mean percentage 68.33% was found in the aspect of causes, incubation period and signs and symptoms and the lowest mean percentage were found in the area of management and prevention of tuberculosis with the mean percentage of 49.13%. And also result shows that there is significant association between the knowledge of nursing students regarding tuberculosis and its prevention with the demographic variable course/programme.
Page(s): 184-188 Date of Publication: 14 February 2018
Download PDF