Line follower is a intelligent robot which detects a visual line embedded on the floor and follows it. The path is predefined and can be either visible like a black line on a white surface with a high contrasted color or the path can be a complex such as magnetic markers or laser guide markers. In order to detect these lines various sensors can be employed. Generally, infrared Sensors are used to detect the line which the robot has to follow. The robot movement is automatic and can be used for long distance application. Line follower can be modified by giving obstacle detection capability to it. If any object is placed on the path then a normal line follower will try to push the obstacle and hence it gets damaged. By using ultrasonic sensor, the line follower can detect an obstacle and can stop till the obstacle is removed. This type of robots can perform lot of tasks in industries, like material handling. These robots can be used as automated equipment carriers in industries replacing traditional conveyer belts. They also have domestic application and one of the interesting application of this line follower robot is in health care management. As this smart line follower robot has obstacle detection capability it will not be damaged easily as it stops it motion till the obstacle is removed or till the path is changed. This ability of the robot increases it application especially in industries because obstacles are common in any workplace and if the robot is not able to detect the obstruction it will get damaged so this gives an added advantage wherever this intelligent line follower is used.
Page(s): 01-06 Date of Publication: 13 April 2018
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Though there are several advancements in technology, only a very few of them are concentrated on predicting and detecting natural disasters such as Earthquake, Tsunami and etc. But using technology in these areas would save lives by warning people about the disaster at an earlier time and will be very helpful. The existing methodologies are capable of detecting and measuring the intensity of disasters during the time of happening. A conclusion can be derived that it fails to warn people at the right time and the recordings were just used for statistical purposes. On the other hand, if a system is developed for the same; it is not recognized and not implemented in real time due to lack of awareness and other reasons such as the cost of installation, etc. Hence, theobjective is to come up with a cost effective device which can detect natural disasters and should be implementable at any remote area.
Page(s): 07-12 Date of Publication: 13 April 2018
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This paper deals with face detection and fingerprint scanning for an attendance recorder system for the purpose of maintaining attendance details of the students. Student’s faces and fingerprints are pre stored in class databases. Raspberry pi camera capture the student face and compared to database image if it is matched means that student attendance register with time. The record will be stored to online database. The Raspberry Pi is a credit card sized single computer or SoC uses ARM1176JZF-S core. System on a Chip is a method of placing all necessary electronics for running a computer on a single chip. Raspberry Pi needs an Operating system to start up. In the aim of cost reduction, the Raspberry Pi omits any on-board non-volatile memory used to store the boot loaders, Linux Kernels and file systems as seen in more traditional embedded systems. Rather, a SD/MMC card slot is provided for this purpose. After boot load, as per the application program Raspberry Pi will get execute.
Page(s): 13-15 Date of Publication: 13 April 2018
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Weather is a state of the atmosphere that it is cold or hot, dry or wet, stormy or quiet and cloudy or clear. Generally weather defines the day-to-day temperature and precipitation activity. Meanwhile climate is a term that is the average atmospheric conditions over a period of time. Weather is assumed to mean the earth’s weather when used without qualification. Observing the weather circumstances manually is difficult. But the system proposed in my paper is an advanced solution for measuring rainfall in a specified area and monitoring the weather conditions at a particular place and make the information visible anywhere in the world. This system contains three sensors to measure weather conditions such as temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, altitude, light intensity. And also this system contains Load cell to calculate the rain fall magnitude. All the sensors and load cell connected with Arduino board. This microcontroller is used to get all the sensor values and Using Ethernet shield we can send all the sensor values to the web server. Thingspeak server is used to store all the sensor values in the online. We can download XL sheet from Thingspeak website that will hold all the sensor values. Thingspeak server automatically plot graph for all the sensor values with respect to time.
Page(s): 16-20 Date of Publication: 14 April 2018
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The analysis of the change in the flood run-off phenomena due to urbanization of the drainage basin is an important problem in the actual flood control project. As with all aspects of the water cycle, the interaction between precipitation and surface runoff varies according to time and geography. In the present study the runoff is estimated with existing surface layers. The imperious surface area is 37325.362 m2 and the surface discharge is 14250.823 m3. The study is also focused on how much amount of discharge increases with increase of every 5% impermeable cover. The increased discharge with impermeable is 14% for 10-20% ,27% for 35-50% and 36% for 75-100%.The ground slopes of the VIIT Study area is prepared by using Arc GIS technique.
Page(s): 21-26 Date of Publication: 14 April 2018
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According to the ground report only 20% of the total traffic volume at that area are utilizing the flyover and the remaining 80% of the traffic are using old roads. in order to utilize the flyover to the maximum extent certain diversions are required for the flyover at various junctions. In this present case study of Visakhapatnam flyover i.e TELUGU THALLI flyover, we calculate the traffic volumes on the flyover and roads below it by conducting traffic studies Estimate the traffic movement directions at various intersections and produce a traffic flow map of the roads. With the help of obtained data we suggest certain diversions to the flyover at specific junctions which have dynamic traffic movement .
Page(s): 27-29 Date of Publication: 14 April 2018
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Metal foundries use large amounts of sand as part of the metal casting process. Waste Foundry sand is a waste material. The degradation of concrete sewer pipes by sulphuric acid attack is also a problem of global scope. The idea is to minimise this degradation while keeping it as economic as possible. In an effort to use the WFS in large volume, research has being carried out for its possible large scale utilization in making concrete as partial replacement of fine aggregate. The present work is focussed on the study of the effect of various percentages of WFS on durability (namely acid attack) of M30 grade concrete. To find the best combination of waste foundry sand and metakaolin to resist the sulphuric acid attack. Mix M10W10(Metakaolin 10%,waste foundry sand 10%) showed best resistance to acid attack. The decrease in compressive strength too was not drastic when compared to other mixes.
Page(s): 30-33 Date of Publication: 14 April 2018
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This paper considers the design of an eighth-order active-R bandpass filter using the multiple feedback (MFB) topology at a centre frequency ( ) of 40 kHz and quality factor (Q) of 25. The filter was simulated using multism work bench version 11.0 software. The simulated response characteristic of gain and bandwidth show that, the gain has an increasing from stage 1 to stage 4 with values of 29.76 dB to 109.89 dB while the bandwidth decreases from stage 1 to 4 with values of 1.71 kHz to 850 Hz signifying a very selective (low bandwidth) filter. Therefore making the filter suitable for high gain realization and highly selective filter. The roll-off however approached that of a single-pole third order filter instead of an eighth-order filter.
Page(s): 34-37 Date of Publication: 15 April 2018
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Ridge regression, or Tikhonov regularization (shrinkage) is a useful method for achieving both shrinkage and variable choice simultaneously. The main idea of Ridge regression is to use the L2 constraint in the regularization step. It has been used to several models in regression analysis such as kernel machines, smoothing sp lines, copula theory and multiclass logistic models. In this study, we discussed simple linear regression and ridge regression parameter estimations via the Gradient-Based Optimization Algorithm for Ridge Regression by Using R and we validate our result by using an example, a gradient-based optimization algorithm for Ridge Regression is the best method for data analysis.
Page(s): 38-44 Date of Publication: 15 April 2018
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India’s biggest tax reform is now a reality. A comprehensive dual Goods and Services Tax (GST) has replaced the complex multiple indirect tax structure from 1 July 2017.The concept of GST was seen for the first time in 1999. On 8 August 2016, the Constitutional Amendment Bill for roll out of GST was passed by the Parliament, followed by ratification of the bill by more than 15 states and enactment of the bill in early September. It is important to understand that GST is not a tax concession scheme where the government has reduced the tax rates and hence all the goods and services would become cheaper once GST is implemented. Government was attempting to fix a single Revenue Neutral Rate (RNR) on the goods and services so that the total tax revenue of the State and the Central Government remain the same. However, due to practical considerations and keeping in view the social conditions of India, four GST slabs have been set at 5%, 12%, 18% and 28% for different items or services. There is also a special rate for precious metals. The rate of 18% would however be applicable for most goods and services.
Page(s): 45-48 Date of Publication: 15 April 2018
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This study investigated the effectiveness of oral motor exercise on speech sound production and articulatory coordination of children with orofacial myofunctional disorder. A sample of fourteen (14) children was randomly assigned to experimental and control group for the study. The pre-test, post-test control experimental design was used for the study. Eight (8) participants were in the experimental group, while six (6) participants were in the control group. The ages of the participants were between 4 and 12 years. The treatment exercise took six (6) weeks for the experimental group, while the control group was on word drills (conventional treatment).Data was collected using speech disorder diagnostic scale. The scale was validated by expertswith reliability co-efficient of .88 through an inter-rater procedure. The Data collected were analyzed using ANCOVA. Findings of the study indicated that oral motor exercise was significantly effective in the speech sound production and articulatory coordination of children with orofacial myofunctional disorder. Oral motor exercise was more effective on the articulation coordination,than on speech sound production. It was therefore recommended among others,that speech therapist should use oral motor exercise for children with orofacial myofunctional disorder, and be retrained on the use of combination of oral motor exercise and other speech therapy.
Page(s): 49-52 Date of Publication: 17 April 2018
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Stuttering is a major non-fluent speech. It is characterized and therefore becomes manifest by intermittent blocks (prolongations) repetitions/hesitations. It is an enigmatic speech disorder capable of distorting communication and adversely inhibiting social interaction. This study explores the utilization of preplanning of motor movement and change of psychological state as potent instruments for the management of stuttering behavior in adolescents.
Page(s): 53-56 Date of Publication: 17 April 2018
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River Karimbana is a small multi-purpose reservoir in vatakara town in Calicut district, Kerala. This river had been used for washing, fishing, transportation, irrigation and other domestic uses by the people those who are living in the banks and the surrounded locality. Now a days the river is fund to be in the path of high level pollution due to various sources. The river water is seem to be black and producing high offensive odor and became a public nuisance to that locality. The well water from these local area is contaminated after this stream became polluted. So here we are conducting a study about this river and the well water contamination of this locality
Page(s): 57-60 Date of Publication: 20 April 2018
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In this paper, we prove that some results on commutativity of primitive rings with some identities.
Page(s): 61-64 Date of Publication: 20 April 2018
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8th November 2017 marks one year of demonetisation and now can only be called as remonetisation as the cash availability has eased in terms of new notes flowing into the economy, however the short term after effects of demonetisation have impacted retail in terms of sales, footfalls etc. Both secondary and primary data were used to understand the events and effects of remonetisation. There were positive effects like fostering of digital economy and tamed inflation, but the major negative issue of liquidity and its effect on retail was studied using primary data. The short-term liquidity crunch lead to discrepancies in retail business activity was found to vary with the type of retail vertical. The impact of liquidity crunch on retail stores was found to have a mixed response.
Page(s): 65-66 Date of Publication: 20 April 2018
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Amongst all the renewable resources, wind and solar are the most popular resources due to its ease of availability and its easy conversion into electricity. Each renewable resource uses DC/DC boost converter separately with MPPT control to generate power. The main objective of this work to meet out the power demand is reduced, the increase the additional load. In a hybrid systems, extracting a huge amount of energy from the wind and solar are possible by using MPPT technique. Many MPPT methods, like Perturb and Observe method, is the most popularly for its easy implementation and simple structure. In the proposed method, the concept behind this method is that observation of output power and its perturbation by changing the current or the voltage of hybrid operation. Maximum power point tracking accurately tracks the maximum power in a hybrid system using P&O method. The effectiveness of proposed MPPT algorithm done and implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Page(s): 67-70 Date of Publication: 20 April 2018
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This technology survey paper covers application based Processors- ASIP, Processor based on Flynn’s classification which includes SISD, SIMD, MISD, MIMD, Special processors like Graphics processing unit (GPU), Physics processing unit (PPU), Digital signal processor (DSP), network processor, front end processor, co-processor and processor based on number of cores which includes- single core, multi core, multi-processor, hyper threading and multi core with shared cache processors.
Page(s): 71-77 Date of Publication: 20 April 2018
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With liberalization of economy number of vehicle on the road have increased leading to illegal, unorganized parking behavior in at public place, private building, educational campus, corporate campus. our main objective to avoid this unorganized parking system, for this to avoid we can provide the intelligent parking system which can solved the real time problem of organized and unorganized parking, In this study we will develop a smart parking proposal using queuing theory approach which can be model the parking system as a queue and the evaluation parameter like wait time for user in a queue or in a system can be estimated. The parking space closest to the current location can be found using multiple server multiple queue system and optimizing the existing system for better user experiences.
Page(s): 78-83 Date of Publication: 21 April 2018
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The usage of domestic induction cookers has metamorphosed from fixed cooking areas to novel engineering concepts like wireless power transfer. This implies the use of an induction stove and coils to charge a device wirelessly. This can be put into effect both statically and dynamically. In this paper, we will probe into its usage for static transfer of power wirelessly. The prototype here consists of 2 inductor coils placed in contact with each other, such that one remains connected to the stove and the other coil connected to a variable load. Upon providing a supply voltage of 220V, a led hovered above the arrangement gets illuminated. The aim of this work is to evaluate this concept applied to domestic induction heating appliances, with special emphasis in analyzing the effects of introducing the multi-coil system with dissipative media.
Page(s): 84-87 Date of Publication: 24 April 2018
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A brief exposure towards the present scenario of water in the world says that out of 100% water available, just 1% water could be used for day to day purposes out of which about 90% of the water tends to be polluted in nature. If we consider a scenario of a developing country like India where most of the food production is held via the source of agriculture, it becomes quite the requirement of using fertilizers and pesticides for efficient and large-scale production but then again using all this also tend to serve as a prime cause for pollution to all sorts of water resources present around the area in form of drainage surfaces, canals, and other irrigational facilities. The causes towards polluting water is like causing eutrophication, reduction on BOD, disturbing the odor and taste of water, increasing microbiological activities in water also disturbing the Ph levels of water and making the water hard therefore making the water insecure for day to day usage. Certain ways of making the water secure is reduction of all the parameters stated above but then the causes are so very wide spread and also to meet extreme food demands it has almost become impossible to reach out to close 100% purification rates. Reaching out to such problems it is quite obvious that with such doses of pollution it may happen that people may not be able to survive due to lack of purified water which isn’t feasible!!
Page(s): 88-89 Date of Publication: 24 April 2018
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Objective: To find out the effects of Plyometric– weight training and Plyometric training on anaerobic power and muscle strength in male volley ball players. Study design: Study design: Experimental study, Study type: Comparative study, Sampling method: Simple random sampling, Sample size: 50 subjects (elite volley ball players) Study settings: YMCA, Study duration:6weeks. Intervention: Group A: 25 Volley Ball Players will receive Plyometric and weight training group (who received both Plyometric and weight training). Group B: 25 Volley Ball Players will receive Plyometric training group (who received only Plyometric training) Outcome measures: 1) Vertical jump height, 2) 50 yard dash, 3) 1RM squat. Results: Statistical analysis was done by using Paired‘t’ and independent ‘t’ test showed significant improvement in improving anaerobic power and muscle strength Conclusion: It is concluded that there is statistically significant improvement in combined Plyomotric and weight training protocol can successfully be incorporated in a fitness training and conditioning program to improve anaerobic power and muscle strength in volley ball players
Page(s): 90-96 Date of Publication: 24 April 2018
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Life is nothing but a package of survival dispositions. Stress is something which make one feel sore. It creates unevenness and individual makes an effort to restore the state of steadiness. To do things faster and better with fewer people is the goal of many companies today. These lead to put too much pressure on employees. Stress is the flavor of life, without which life may get abridged to a mere vegetative existence. But stress, burnout, turnover, aggression and other unpleasant side effects can also occur. Stress may not be a threat to normal functioning but also be an opportunity for growth.
Page(s): 97-101 Date of Publication: 25 April 2018
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High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying technique is widely used in many industries to protect the components against erosion, corrosion and wear [1]. It produces coatings with low porosity, low oxide content, better density, better coating cohesive strength and bond strength than many thermal spray processes. Ni based alloy coating is widely used for enhancing the wear and corrosion resistance at higher temperatures. Even though NiCr alloy having excellent wear and corrosion resistant properties, it is not used as the primary material in the industry because of lower hardness in comparison to other materials (carbides and ceramics) [2]. But it was incessantly proved that Ni based alloy coating reinforced with additives giving good results in the field of erosion-corrosion resistance. Various hard phases used as reinforcing additives along with NiCrSiB are WC, Al2O3, Cr3C2, Cr2O3, TiC, TiO2, SiC, TiN etc [3]. In that respect, the addition of has SiC gained attention due to its higher hardness, wear and oxidation resistance and low cost. In this work, the effect of addition of SiC particle on the micro hardness and corrosion resistance of NiCrSiB coating on mild steel substrate is discussed. The SiC added feed stock power was prepared by mechanical alloying and the coating was developed using HVOF technique. The microhardness and toughness of the coatings were measured using Vickers’s microhardness tester. Corroion resistance was measured using Potentiodynamic polarization test with 3.5% Nacl.
Page(s): 102-104 Date of Publication: 25 April 2018
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Acoustic waves will apply radiation powers and sort acoustic traps at focuses wherever these powers focalize permitting the levitation of particles of a decent change of materials and sizes through air, water or natural tissues. This can be of predominant significance for physical science, cell control, lab-on-a-chip inevitabilities, biomaterials, container less transportation and even the levitation of living things. Acoustic levitation could be a methodology for suspending matter in a very medium by mistreatment acoustic force per unit area from intense sound waves within the medium. Generally sound waves at supersonic frequencies will be accustomed levitate objects, so making no sound detected by the human ear. In this paper (one dimensional) acoustic levitation are going to be bestowed a lot of closely. Acoustic waves square measure mechanical waves which will solely propagate through physical medium. These waves scatter on obstacles and transfer a number of their momentum on obstacles, making force. This force can even be seen as consequence of force per unit area and is comparatively tiny however it can become sufficiently giant to beat gravity force. typically waves with high intensities and frequencies in supersonic vary of spectrum square measure used (above twenty kHz) thus this method of levitation is quiet for human ears. Advantage of acoustic levitation compared to alternative mentioned techniques is that the proven fact that it’s no material limitation. electrical levitation as an example is most realizable with semiconductive materials.
Page(s): 105-108 Date of Publication: 25 April 2018
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In order to solve the problem of handwritten score cumulating in test papers, we Enhance the implementation of test paper score cumulating system based on digital image processing on python programming platform. The whole experiment process includes image preprocessing, scoring place positioning and segmentation, character recognition. Summation of the marks & displaying of total marks will be also implemented. Compared with the manual summary of the scores, the test paper scores accumulation system achieves higher accuracy and reliability with high speed. The implementation is done using Python and the image processing would be done in Open CV.
Page(s): 109-111 Date of Publication: 25 April 2018
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Service level is a scale to measure the performance of a system as well as it gives the percentage to which the goals can be achieved. This is used in supply chain management as well as in inventory management to measure the performance of inventory replenishment policies. Customer service level is an act of understanding and fulfilling the customer’s needs by providing and delivering professional, helpful, high quality service and assistance before, during, and after the customer’s requirements are met. It is meeting the needs and demands of any customer. In Cement industry the service level has a great role for improving the quality of services in whole supply chain process starting from the supplier to the end customers as per their expectations. Supply chain has competed operational role in inside the cement and conjointly in ore processing commodities firms since 2000. From the research the extent of advancement within the cement provide Chain Management (SCM) will facilitate Economic Development of India. Also supply Management has conjointly vie a vital role and contributed a great deal to the economy of our nation. A research was conducted to research but provision and supply chains unit implemented at intervals the cement factories in Republic of Asian country and what unit the long haul scopes for improvement at intervals the complete methodology. The cement industries area unit enjoying an important role in within the economic and social development of the countries. The cement business is chosen as our space of analysis as a result of our country Republic of India is second largest manufacturer of cements once China within the world
Page(s): 112-117 Date of Publication: 24 April 2018
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With the tremendous growth of population, the demand for water also increases. In order to supply sufficient quantity of water, a good water distribution network is necessary. This current work utilizes software named EPANET to design a water distribution network for a small area in Vettom Panchayat and it is validated using Hardy Cross Method
Page(s): 118-122 Date of Publication: 28 April 2018
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MSME is one of the emerging sector in India over the last 5 decades. It not only provides employment to the backward and rural areas but also helps in the growth of the economy at lower capital compared to the large industries. MSME helps in equitable distribution of national income and wealth by socio-economic development of the country It contributes nearly 8% of GDP, 40% of the exports and 45% of the total manufacturing output. MSMEs produce wide and diverse range of products to meet the needs of not only of local markets but also global and international market The MSMED (Micro; Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act was issued in 2006 to address the problems or hassles faced by the MSMEs. The Act also notifies tthe coverage and investment ceiling MSME. The main purpose of the act is to develop these enterprises and also increase their competitiveness. The Act defines the scope and role of Micro, Small & Medium enterprises which comprises both service entities and manufacturing entities. It also has the establishment of funds for the developmnet, promotion and enhancement of the competitiveness of these enterprises. The act has effective mechanisms for solving or mitigating the issues of delayed payments to Small and micro enterprises. It also has a statutory consultation mechanism at the national level. The ministry of Small Scale Industries and the Ministry of the Agro and Rural Industries were merged to become the Ministry of micro, Small and Medium Enterprises on 9th May 2007. The Ministry designs programmes, projects, policies and schemes for the development of the MSMEs and helps them to progress by monitoring their schemes and policies. The main work of enhancement and development of MSME is the work of the State Government. However the central government supplements the efforts of the state government through various schemes.
Page(s): 123-128 Date of Publication: 28 April 2018
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The main aim of this project is to design and fabricate low cost salt spray testing machine which is able to identify the corrosion formation in any type of metals; from this testing process we can improvise the life span of the particular metal. A motorbike has a paint coated footrest made of stainless steel, so this part when comes in contact with atmosphere nearly after a year it is corroded so if salt spray testing machine is used at this point can found out that for additional coating of paint, whether it will withstand up to longer duration likewise, this process can be analysed. This salt spray testing machine is fabricated for low cost and the stainless steel grade 316L is tested and analysed
Page(s): 129-131 Date of Publication: 28 April 2018
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Explorers and geographical scientists are always on the move of exploring new things due to which they need to go to places where the reach of humans is limited or not possible. Their problem can be solved by this hand waving robot. It can reach any places where humans find difficult to access. This bot uses high radio frequency signals for communication and the control of the bot is totally dependent upon the user. This reduces the risk of discovering new places or mines where the human presence can be risky. It can be modified too with a camera and sensors through which we can get information about the places and spots beforehand. It can also act as a spy and can also be a useful tool for military purposes too, by increasing the signal strength of communication which can be done by using some advanced communication systems rather than nRF24L01 which we are using in our project. It can be powered by an external dc source as well as a solar panel. We are using both to keep it energised always
Page(s): 132-138 Date of Publication: 28 April 2018
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The concept of Smart Agriculture is becoming a reality as it evolves from conceptual models for the development of crop at different stages .where IOT currently used for cultivation process is the most important one for farmes. Nowdays , due to more chemicals farmers cant able to get more quality products from their lands because of their soil condition. soil condition is the major role to produce a good cultivation but now days the farmers are facing lots of problem on their land. So farmers cant cultivate in good products. So we can use this idea,which will helps to solve the soil quality problem from their lands and they can cultivate higher growth production. The idea that stands behind this project is building an IoT system that monitors the soil moisture detecting when it gets too dry. Firstly the developed Sensor kit will be checking the Soil type and Soil Quality. Later the different tests are performed on soil such as bulk density test, temperature test, moisture test and it also needs to check the water quality. By considering the results obtained by the above tests the device suggests the crop for the farmer and it also helps him for the maintenance of the crop. To keep the services of Smart Agriculture the IOT plays a key role
Page(s): 139-141 Date of Publication: 02 May 2018
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Online Vegetables Pricing System Is To Manage The Price Details Of The Vegetables Thorough Online. The Purpose Of This Project Is To Automate The Existing Manual System By The Help Of Computerized Equipment’s And Software’s. Vegetables Price Information Can Be Upload In The Database .Information Retrieving And Managing Is Also Easy In This Application. Day To Day, The Vegetables Price Information Is Updated Periodically
Page(s): 142-146 Date of Publication: 02 May 2018
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The last two decades have experienced on any ill effects of greenhouse emissions on earth. The main effect is environmental pollution. On the other hand, due to the pollution humans are suffering from serious health problems. India is fast growing in infrastructure and plenty of construction activity is happening around. In construction industry major activity is production of Portland cement; indirectly we are increasing the CO2 content in atmosphere by the production of Portland cement.
Industrialization is the past few decades has generated million tons of wastes every year. However, their disposal has been a challenge since than the industrial by-products can be used for replacement of ordinary Portland cement, in directly reducing CO2 emission in to atmosphere. Replacement of ordinary Portland cement by industrial by-products also enhances mechanical properties of concrete. To prepare the geopolymer concrete Industrial by-products such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, rice husk, bottom ash, etc. are mainly used in construction industry because these materials have good bonding property, increased durability and decreased the porosity. To prepare the geopolymer concrete Industrial by-products such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, rice husk; bottom ash, etc. are mainly used in construction industry because these materials have good bonding property, increased durability and decreased the porosity. Compare to Portland cement these materials are economically good. Further by using these industrial by products we are indirectly reducing the CO2.Portland cement with the industrial by products such as Fly Ash, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Rice Husk Ash, Metakaolin etc., in these materials GGBS, fly ash, rice husk are generally used for full replacement of Portland cement. Compare to Portland cement, GGBS fly ash, rice husk are also give higher compressive strength results when activated by alkali with different curing’s. This concrete is known as Geopolymer concrete. We need alkali solutions like NaOH and Na2SiO3. Prepare the alkali solutions, by considering different molarities of NaOH like 9M and 14M and different concentrations of Na2SiO3 like 40%. Prepare the alkali solution of NaOH and Na2SiO3 separately one hour before the mixing of GPC. Prepare the cubes to find the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, and density of GPC. The specimens were tested after 28 days of different curing’sPage(s): 147-152 Date of Publication: 02 May 2018
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Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an eye disease which is caused due to increase of sugar levels in the blood of the human. It is the type of disease that mainly affects the retina of the eye which could further lead to partial or even complete loss of visual capacity. In this paper, an approach is made to identify the presence of the diabetic retinopathy from the color fundus images of the retina. This disease can be easily diagnosed through regular screenings. Using SVM technique (Support Vector Machine technique) we are able to classify the eye into normal eye, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), which will further reduce the review for the doctors. The automatic detection will help to screen and diagnose the disease from time to time. The main aim of our project is to give an automated, appropriate and refined approach utilizing image processing, data mining technique and pattern recognition so that DR can be easily detected at early stages and damage to the retina can be completely minimized. This therapy includes the scanned results of the fundus retinal image. Manual examinations that are generated by ophthalmologist differ from each other.
Page(s): 153-155 Date of Publication: 02 May 2018
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Ionosphere, as one of the Earth’s air layers, evolving condition, both spatially and transiently. It reaches out to a tallness of around 50 to 1000 km and is the fundamental assurance of the Earth and life on Earth from the risky impact of the Sun and the universe itself. One of real restrictions to accomplish precision when utilizing single recurrence GPS (Global position framework) recipients is the issue of postponements in flag proliferation through the ionosphere. Troposphere is the most minimal locale of the earth air and it stretches out from 6-10kms from the earth surface. Troposphere contains water atoms this prompts a tropospheric delay. These deferrals can be estimated by ascertaining ionospheric and tropospheric penetrate focuses.
Page(s): 156-159 Date of Publication: 02 May 2018
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One of the most important factors for successful agricultural production is the irrigation system in place. This paper propounds a design for automatic water supplying system in farmland using raspberry pi 3, Arduino microcontrollers, relay boards and couple of sensors. System helps in water conservation by automatically providing water to the plants depending on their water requirements. It can prove to be efficient in agricultural fields, since pumping motor will be controlled from the remote place through the android application. Soil moisture sensor is inserted into the soil to measure the moisture level. The moisture level will be received by the raspberry board. After receiving the value, it is compared to the predetermined threshold value. If the moisture level is greater then the threshold value the motor will be turned ON, Off if it is lesser than the threshold value the motor can be turned OFF by the user. The farmer can control the motor from the remote place depending on the moisture value. The system is best suited for places where water is scares and has to be used in limited quantity.
Page(s): 160-162 Date of Publication: 02 May 2018
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Many regions face shortage of water for drinking and irrigational purposes. Areas with ample water supplies face issues like nutrient eutrophication and salinity intrusion etc. To meet the increasing water demand, hollow fibre external membrane bioreactor (EMBR) with sludge retention times (SRT) 2 and 4 hours were set up for treating canteen waste water of MDIT Ulliyeri at hydraulic retention times (HRT) 6, 7 and 24 hours. The performance of MBR is investigated under different aeration rates (2.5L/min and 1.5L/min). The influence of HRT and SRT on effluent quality is also determined. Increasing HRT and SRT results in noticeable increase in the removal efficiencies of turbidity, total suspended solids, BOD and COD. A comparative analysis was carried out on the effluent quality of MBR and Sequential Batch reactor (SBR).
Page(s): 163-167 Date of Publication: 02 May 2018
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Hospital waste water is heterogeneous in nature, because it contains infectious pathogens, toxic, biodegradable matters, heavy metals and radioactive pollutants. That can cause pollution problems and environmental hazards. It is intended to make a study on waste water and treated water generated in Malabar medical college Ulliyeri (MMC). MMC is the one of the medical college in Kozhikode district. It is multifacilitated hospital in the developing stage due to this various function large quantities of waste water is generated. The objective of the study was to analyses the waste water characteristics and effluent characteristics also determined the efficiency of the treatment. The influent and effluent samples are taken at the sewage treatment plant (STP) on morning and evening section. Then the following parameters are tested. pH, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, Total Solid, Alkalinity, Chloride, BOD, Residual Chlorine, Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform. Compared with standards of effluent quality by CPCB 1995 and recommended the possible measures.
Page(s): 168-173 Date of Publication: 04 May 2018
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Potable water reduction is a growing problem in the world. Pollution of the surface water bodies may lead to increased impact on ground water aquifers. The present work is done to analyze river water and the surrounding open wells by using physical chemical and biological analysis. The analysis was done by taking 9samples, out of this 3 samples were taken from the river and 6 samples from the surrounding wells. Hardness, alkalinity, DO, Chloride, Turbidity, pH, Total solids, BOD, and MPN were analyzed. After the analysis we concluded that surface water in the Poonoor River does not affect surrounding aquifer heavily. The river has high contents of dissolved solids and the contents of almost all chemical compounds decreases with increasing distance from the river. From the bacteriological analysis ground water is affected by the Poonoor River and almost all the wells were contaminated with coliforms.
Page(s): 174-176 Date of Publication: 05 May 2018
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Sport car having high speed engine, so it’s having its aerodynamics and its effects. Here main objective is to improve its aerodynamic efficiency by certain modification as well as also improve in aerodynamic braking and stability at higher speed. By doing aerodynamic analysis get better performance, increase fuel efficiency, Decrease fuel economy, better aerodynamic efficiency, less pollution due to less usage of fuel, improve in road holding capabilities and decrease in wind noise.
Page(s): 177-179 Date of Publication: 06 May 2018
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Our project is to make fully-automatic chapathi maker. Here we used pneumatic system since pneumatic has gained a large amount of importance in last few decades. This importance is due to its accuracy and cost. The pneumatic pressing machine has an advantage of working in low pressure. It consists of Pneumatic cylinder, Control unit, solenoid valve, 3 phase ac motor, and Maker parts. The main objective of our project is to pneumatic chapathi making machine with the help of pneumatic sources. For a developing food product industries, hotels the operation performed and the parts (or) components produced should have it minimum possible production cost, and then only industry runs profitability.
Page(s): 180-181 Date of Publication: 06 May 2018
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Pipe and ring fitting fixture is a conventional method used in various industries for large production units. Medium and small scale industries also use this conventional method. But different dimensions have been specified in various industries according to their applications. The present pipe fitting system uses manual and automated system for their production unit according to their purpose. By using this method we can get maximum output. In industries, the main problem is the usage of electric current, waste of time, differ in their accuracy, labor rework for fitting in accurate dimensions. These problems can be overcome by using pipe and ring fitting by screw mechanism and thereby protecting the environment. The present paper deal with the study of various pipes and ring fitting fixture using different materials is discussed. The pipe fitting fixture have advantages over than other methods, such as compact in size, less work, no need of rework, maintaining accuracy, no additional part is used and usage of current is reduced, human efforts is also reduced with specified dimensions.
Page(s): 182-185 Date of Publication: 06 May 2018
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Unique Solar vitality is the most essential vitality for the living things. Photovoltaic cells are utilized to change over sun oriented vitality into electrical energy. This paper displays the arrangement and change of high-capability twofold turn sun in view of Arduino. A definitive focus of this undertaking is to follow the most extreme daylight and to separate the greatest power. The venture incorporates both equipment and programming headway. The equipment segment incorporates light ward resistors (LDR), servomotors and an arduino. A light ward resistor (LDR) is a gadget whose protection is a component of the occurrence electromagnetic radiation, henceforth they are light touchy gadgets. LDRs sense the measure of daylight falling on them. A servomotor is a turning actuator that is utilized to pivot the sunlight based board toward most extreme light force. Servomotor is frequently used to allude to an engine reasonable for use in a shut circle control framework. Sunlight based board retains the sun’s beams as a wellspring of vitality for creating power. The code is composed utilizing C programming dialect and is focused to the Arduino UNO controller. The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board in view of the ATmega 328. It contains everything expected to help the microcontroller.
Page(s): 186-188 Date of Publication: 06 May 2018
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Today most extreme number mishap in often in light of individuals are driving the vehicle quick and uncontrollable. Stasitic report is taken for most recent five years greatest measure of mischance are amid in the school zone, surge time slopes region. As indicated by Mr. Willie D. Jones in the IEEE SPECTRUM magazine (September 2001), a man kicks the bucket in a pile up each second. So they speed of the vehicle control by utilizing of RF Transmitter, beneficiary are utilized. Individuals are not take after the street wellbeing rules. Required flag of the speed not take after by the general population it will be increment the accident. RF Transmitter are put in the schools, hills, rush regions the transmitter segment are comprises of keypad, encoder, and RF transmitter the keypad is utilized to set as far as possible esteem. At that point the set esteem is given to encoder to interface the flag and given to RF transmitter obstruct in which the encoded flag is regulated with bearer recurrence and transmitted through RF transmitter. The beneficiary area comprises of microcontroller RF receiver, Decoder, Proximity sensor and driver circuit for relay. The recipient segment is joined in the vehicle. The nearness sensor is settled in the vehicle wheel to screen speed. USLOT sensor is utilized distinguish the speed of vehicle. The paper/protest is settled in vehicle. So where paper/question is crossed the sensor it creates the in addition to given to microcontroller. The microcontroller tally that in addition to and showed on the LCD show which is equivalent to speed of the vehicle. The RF collector is utilized to get as far as possible value. The RF beneficiary expels the transporter recurrence and decoder is utilized to interpret the flag at that point given to microcontroller. In microcontroller the got speed constrained esteem is contrasted and acquired speed. If the speed is higher than confine esteem it actuates the transfer through hand-off driver circuit. The hand-off yield is associate oil valve. So it controls the oil stream to engine. Through thusly the vehicle speed is naturally restricted to speed level set the activity police office.
Page(s): 189-192 Date of Publication: 06 May 2018
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In this modern era, technological development lead the creation of sky scraper buildings and dwellings which increase risks of losing life due to natural and manmade disasters. Many people died by trapping under debris as their presence cannot detect by the rescue team. Sometimes, it is impossible to reach in certain points of the disasters in such calamity hit zones. The situation is worst for developing country because of low quality design and construction. This paper presents a way to find lives in debris using cell phone controlled rocker-bogie suspension type rover with a scooping arm. It has a wireless thermal camera with raspberry pi which transmits live video to a nearby laptop with a range of 100 feet. The scooping arm is attached to the rear portion of the rover and a motor controls the scooping operations using Bluetooth interfaced with Arduino.
Page(s): 193-195 Date of Publication: 07 May 2018
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This paper proposes an approach to dynamically replicate the data file based on the predictive analysis. With the help of probability theory, the utilization of each data file can be predicted to create a corresponding replication strategy. Eventually, the popular files can be subsequently replicated according to their own access potentials. For the remaining low potential files, an erasure code is applied to maintain the reliability. Hence, our approach simultaneously improves the availability while keeping the reliability in comparison to the default scheme. Furthermore, the complexity reduction is applied to enhance the effectiveness of the prediction when dealing with Big Data
Page(s): 196-200 Date of Publication: 07 May 2018
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This paper describes an overview of blade health monitoring system used for steam turbine. Alternative of conventional blade vibration measurement system, a non-contact measurement technique is investigated. The blade vibration can be detected by measurement of tip timing since the blade timing will slightly differ from the passing time calculated from the turbine rotor speed in the presence of the vibrations. The operation of blade vibration monitoring system and the components required for its operation has been presented. Vibrations of last stage free standing blades of low pressure steam turbine can cause high cycle fatigue, which damages the blades and reduces blade life. The operational risks associated with high-cycle fatigue failures as well as other failure like stress corrosion cracking, blade root failure etc. can be observed by using non-contact type monitoring system known as Blade Vibration Monitoring System.
Page(s): 201-203 Date of Publication: 08 May 2018
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Trends in long-term (1981-2017) average annual and seasonal surface air temperature at Sardarkrushinagar have been examined by using Mann-Kendall non-parametric test. The results revealed that annual average maximum and minimum temperature was found to be 33.8 and 19.2 0C respectively. Annual average maximum and minimum temperature showed increasing trend, but statistically non significant. Analysis of seasonal temperature revealed that both maximum and minimum temperature exhibited increasing trend in all the seasons except monsoon where maximum temperature exhibited decreasing trend. The minimum temperature was found to be increased significantly in monsoon season at the rate of 0.010C/year
Page(s): 204-207 Date of Publication: 08 May 2018
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Now a day’s fake app is increasing in Google play store and it is launched with the popular names which cause major challenges in current scenario. Some fraudulent developers deceptively boost the search rank and popularity of their app. We came with an idea where a webpage with PHP along with the sentimental analysis is used to process the rank and comment given by the user where the comment percentage and rate percentage accuracy automatically maintained and a graph which shows the app range is created. This analyzing method has to be done manually due to insuffiency of Google play store source. In future we will manipulate automatic analyzer to reveal more accuracy for this; process should have adequate sanction from Google to append webpage in their Google play store itself. Once we will get adequate sanction from Google, we append the webpage and the sentimental analyzer which work directly in Google page itself.
Page(s): 208-214 Date of Publication: 09 May 2018
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Maintenance frequency is a matter of debate, as it is very difficult to judge ore verdict upon as maintenance frequency may vary from building to building, place to place, use to use and many other such criteria’s which make it difficult and uncertain. Even though maintenance frequency is most subjective matter it is important for maintenance planning and budgetary provision. Through this project attempt is being made to put these maintenance tasks in a range of time instead of one particular time frame. Range as high and low will help predict approximately when the maintenance task can be due and planning and monitory arrangement for the same can be made at appropriate level. Under this research work; civil engineering components such as architectural building components and plumbing components and their alternatives used in India are considered.
Page(s): 215-217 Date of Publication: 09 May 2018
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Breast cancer is an important cause of death in woman. An initial symbol of breast cancer is multiplication of malignant cells in the mammogram. The projected method has been applied in five stages consisting of image preprocessing, extraction of ROI, feature extraction, normalization and classification. In this procedure, we can count the number of defected cells and find their location with image processing. To classify the cancerous region the SVM (SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE) based classifier technique is used in this paper. The projected method has been estimated with MINI MAMMOGRAM IMAGE ANALYSIS SOCIETY (MIAS) database and validated with 200 images of MIAS database.
Page(s): 218-221 Date of Publication: 09 May 2018
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Advancement in technology with automated systems is the requirement of the present Industrial world. Motion control of the systems is required in large number of industries for domestic as well as industrial automation. We have proposed to develop Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) platform for process control and automation applications. As a case study of process control industry we are considering a model of a Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). This model is having a lot of usage in process and chemical industry for mixing of two or more reactants. Through this project we are planning to integrate the automated device, achieve an analogous system of intelligent devices and at the same time focusing attention on Quality and energy management.
Page(s): 222-224 Date of Publication: 09 May 2018
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The performance of a transmission line depends on parameters of line. Transmission line has four electrical parameters. They are resistance, inductance, capacitance and conductance. The inductance and capacitance are due to the effect of magnetic fields around the conductor. The parameters R, L and C are essential for the development of the transmission line model to be used in power system analysis both during planning and operation stages. While the resistance of the conductor is best determined from manufacturer data, the inductance and capacitance can be evaluated using appropriate formula. The aim of the experiment is to determine the positive sequence line parameters, L and C per phase per kilometer of a single phase and three phase transmission lines using MATLAB.
Page(s): 225-227 Date of Publication: 09 May 2018
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In the present situation of energy crisis, the utilization of renewable energy sources has got great scope due to depletion of fossil fuels and stringent rules on exhaust gases. Increasing prices due to limited resources and rising demand pose serious problems even for rich countries. A clean inexhaustible source of energy is needed, that is, the sun. Solar energy can be used in various indirect (Biomass, hydropower, wind) and direct forms (solar thermal power, photovoltaic system).The electrical efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) cell is adversely affected by the increase of cell operating temperature during absorption of solar radiation. The design of cooling system to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic cells has got a great potential.
This paper deals with the design, fabrication and experimental investigation of active cooling system for PV cells. To actively cool the PV cells, where the type of heat exchanger called fins are to be attached at the back of a panel for the air cooling. An experiment is performed with and without active cooling and performance analysis is presented. The use active cooling system has resulted in increase in conversion efficiency by 2-3%.Page(s): 228-231 Date of Publication: 10 May 2018
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Tractor automations in the present days are of myriad forms depending upon the various needs. This paper is to visualize the existing automations and other manual operations of the peripherals fitted to a tractor and to propose a system of sensors that identify the motions of the peripherals experiencing an obstruction during the field work and which sends signals the Arduino to adjust the peripherals accordingly so as to avoid any damage to the parts of the peripherals and the hydraulic systems involved. This proposed system will significantly increase the engine efficiency and reduce the fuel consumption and wear-and-tear of the tractor parts.
Page(s): 232-235 Date of Publication: 11 May 2018
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Treatment of canteen wastewaters by electrocoagulation using aluminium and steel electrode plate has been investigated in this project. A sample of 600 cubic centimeters is taken in the electrolytic cell and is made up to run at different interval of time i.e,10, 15,20,25 minutes and different volts (20V, 25V, 30V). The combination effects of Volts and treatment time to the efficiency of the electrocoagulation process for the removal of Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Turbidity was considered to evaluate the treatment efficiencies. The results showed that effluent waste water was very clear, and the quality exceeded the general effluent standards. Aluminium is the suitable plate for the removal of waste as it removes 94.4% of BOD when compared to steel plate which only removes 83% at 30 volts in 25 minutes. Turbidity reduced to 98.59 % by using aluminium plate at 30 volt for 25 minute treatment time on the other hand by using steel it only reduced to 97.79% at 30 V for a treatment time of 10 minute.pH level can be brought to a neutral range of 7 by using steel plate when compared to aluminium plate.
Page(s): 236-240 Date of Publication: 12 May 2018
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In the field of automation there has been a drastic demand of equipment and machines working automatically. The field of automation plays an important role in the world economy. The manufacturer of machines and equipment are trying to make things automatic as per the customer demand of automatic machines and inventions. The filling is a task carried out by a machine that packages liquid products such as cold drinks, milk, water, etc. To fill the bottles at required defined volume the manufacturer demands automatic machines and system which can be controlled by less efforts and buttons or switches. In past humans were used as a method for controlling a system or procedure. More recently, electricity is used for controlling the systems like filling bottle. Now this study will help in filling the water bottles automatically without any electrical components. This study helps in filling the bottles automatically with mechanism in domestic refrigerator without using any electricity in mechanisms. This system is merely never made and is mostly beneficial towards household works. This system saves a lot of time without using electricity in mechanisms. This project meets the demand of the customers and will help the manufacturer at earning money at a competitive level in industry of refrigerator manufacturers.
Page(s): 241-243 Date of Publication: 12 May 2018
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The purpose of this paper is to review the earlier research works carried out on Kanban based manufacturing and the analytical tools used to determine number of Kanbans. The review is made by considering various factors including variations of Kanban, production systems adopted in various types of organizations, and analytical tools and techniques adopted for modeling the system. One of the important finding is the behavior of modified Kanban and its effects on production systems. The results of various studies would also help in designing a novel production system which might be better than the existing systems. This review serves as guidelines for implementing Kanban system in various production systems and also to identify the critical parameters
Page(s): 244-246 Date of Publication: 12 May 2018
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The rising population of India poses serious threats with regard to the availability of living space, utilization of natural resources and raw materials, education and employment. The serious peril that follows is the escalating amount of waste generated each minute by an individual. Developing a mechanized system to help save the lives of many and making the world a cleaner and a greener place is the noble objective of the project. A proposed system where the collection of some database of garbage images where it is necessary to train those images and to get some features of all the images and then by using the Pi-camera real time images are captured and then it should detect the features of that particular image whether it is a garbage image or not, if yes then it will checks for the segregation either dry or wet waste by using kNN algorithm. If there is no garbage on the road then raspberry pi will inform the robot to move forward, if there is any waste present on the road then accordingly to the segregated it will pick and place the garbage in specific direction. That is if it finds out the waste is dry, then the dry waste will be placed on right side else wet waste is placed on left side.
Page(s): 247-250 Date of Publication: 12 May 2018
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The comparison between Adam’s Bashforth method and Finite difference method is done for double differential equation of mean depth of flow and mean velocity of flow. It is found that Finite difference method is more appropriate because the mean velocity of flow y2 = 0.640 m/sec = Mean velocity found by Finite difference method which is nearly equal to the value obtained by table of 0.75-inch roughness bed data (provided in the section – Observation tables in the manuscript). On the basis of y2 determined, the corresponding value of discharge of flow is found from table of 0.75-inch roughness bed data and discharge of flow for river hydraulics is found and hence thickness of stone pitching, thickness of apron and scoured depth are determined.
Page(s): 251-254 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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Environmental problems are basically concerned withan understanding of the environmental mechanism which includes the people. The environment issues are being studied by ever increasing number of disciplines, institutions and individuals. Environment Education is in one sense an integrating discipline bringing together teaching in science, social science, mathematics, to name a few. At the same time it is a perspective – a way of looking at things of analyzing and evaluating. It has during the past decades that an awareness of the need for a harmonious relationship with nature as becomes concretized. While Science has been responsible for the larger extent of damage done to ecology, abetted to a great degree by men’s innate avarice, it is nonetheless science itself that has pointed out the damages inflicted on Nature and man’s ecosystem in all these centuries of exploitation. Environment Education has finally coin home to stay as a permanent component of the school curriculum.
Page(s): 255-259 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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In daily life, we are using automobiles for different purposes at different seasons at different climatic conditions. So the different environment conditions affect our automobile painted parts and corrosion happens in every part by atmospheric condition. The different environment conditions of atmosphere like humidity, temperature, pollution, air, water, carbon dioxide, acid rain, etc affect automobile parts. From the above mentioned factors any one of the following will definitely attack automobile parts. So there is need to give the resistance to corrosion of paint to prevent it from atmospheric corrosion. In these studies we have taken the number plate as a sample part which is made up mild steel to obtain required coating of paint to prevent it from the different atmospheric conditions. Mild steel is chosen because of its strength, machinability, elasticity, ductility material. So investigation is carried out in the mild steel automobile parts by spraying salt solutions by using the fabricated salt spray testing machine. From continuous spraying of salt solutions mild steel automobile parts will tend to loss some metal due to corrosion. So due to weight loss, the strength of the parts may decrease. By this weight loss method it is analyze, that the part was corroded by any one of the above mentioned factors. So from this study it is studied that the automobile coated parts affected by atmospheric corrosion is analyzed by these investigation at different form of atmospheric conditions.
Page(s): 260-262 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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Wetlands, the most productive ecosystems, and in terms of economic and ecosystem service values they outweigh forest ecosystems. The major reason for its drastic decline is the failure to consider wetland as a productive unit of land. They have always been at one time or other a community dumping site of waste of industrial, commercial, agricultural, municipal or domestic orgin, Ashtamudi estuary is one of the major estuarine systems of the south west coast of India. It is an open system as there is no sand bar formation in any season during the course of an year. The Thekkumbhagam creek of this fragile ecosystem that constitute a great potential for economic, cultural, scientific and recreational value to human. At present this estuary is facing many threats like pollution, over-fishing, sand mining, bank erosion and loss of mangroves. The present investigation was undertaken in the light of the lacuna that exists in our scientific understanding of the nature of the seasonal variations of free carbon dioxide in accordance with rainfall availability. The carbon dioxide of surface water values ranges from 0 to 20.68 ppm and bottom water from 0 to 17.62ppm. The study is particularly relevant in the context of the ever increasing threat to the estuarine ecosystem from various sources of pollution. Decisions concerning the protection of these wetland have to be undertaken.
Page(s): 263-270 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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Wetlands, the receptacle of a large variety of effluents are integral parts and there is a need to manage it in relation to its wise use. Hydrology is the single most important factor responsible for the formation and sustenance of the wetland. This study has been furnished to highlight the monthly variations of certain hydrographical features of the Thekkumbhagam creek of Ashtamudi estuary. Kerala, the God’s own Country blessed with green vegetation, rivers, back waters and many other natural resources has been put on a severe stress due to over exploitation and pollution. Present study investigates the variations in atmospheric temperature, water temperature, transparency with respect to seasons. From the present investigation, it is inferred that there was a gradual increase in temperature from January to May and the temperature declined during the monsoon followed by increase in the later months. Low water temperature observed in downstream in certain periods may be due to the intrusion of comparatively cooler water from the sea. The temperature values thus showed an increasing trend from downstream to up stream. The recorded higher post-monsoonal values may be due to low intensity of solar radiation and higher concentration of discharge and bottom sediment could also be the important factors in governing light penetration. Analysis implies that it is essential to adopt suitable technologies for decontaminating these waters. Lack of awareness of wetland values and importance could be one of the major reasons for not recognizing wetland as a separate “entity” and for not giving the importance it deserves.
Page(s): 271-284 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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Due to advent of computer technology Image processing techniques have become increasingly important in a wide variety of application. Image segmentation is the process that partitions an image into region. One weakness in the existing interactive image segmentation algorithms is the lack of more intelligent ways to understand the intention of user inputs. Interactive Image segmentation aims to separate an object of interest from the rest of an image. Most of the previous work requires users to trace the whole boundary of the object. When the object has the complicated boundary, or the object is in a highly textured region, users have to put great effort into interactively collecting the selection. It achieves three goals from following three steps. First, merge over segmented region according to the maximal similarity rule using a few marking strokes as input. Second, detect possible erroneous low contrast object boundaries by analyzing image content. Third, automatically refine those boundary regions using both local and global information.
Page(s): 285-286 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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Patient is aware and awake but body movements are restricted except for eyes, for persons suffering from severe neurological disorders. Bioelectric signals like EEG, EMG, EOG can be used by such patients to communicate with the outside world. The current research paper focuses on EOG signal acquisition using portable Myon biofeedback device and its analysis. EOG signal acquisition was carried with electrodes placed around the eye of 10 different volunteers. Pre-processing is done using cascaded stages of the notch, bandpass filters. After band-limiting the signal, 10 different features are extracted using LabVIEW software.
Page(s): 287-290 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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The aim of this paper is to design and implement affordable, flexible and fast monitoring system using Raspberry pi. In recent years, there has been an increase in video surveillance systems in public and private environments due to a heightened sense of security like CCTV and RFID. There are several defects in the video surveillance systems such as picture is indistinct, complex structure, poor stability and lot of storage is needed to save information and surveillance and prices remain relatively high. The system design has motion and camera control. Due to live streaming there is a decrease in data storage and save investment cost.
Page(s): 291-294 Date of Publication: 13 May 2018
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Waste disposable is a hard task to manage for man-made textile industries. It have adverse effect on the environment and disturbs ecological balance. Polyester base fibers contributing 70% of the total synthetic fiber production worldwide. The development is always followed the question of recycling of synthetic solid waste for that many researchers working on the developments of pollutant free and recyclable textile material and achieved a creditable success in manmade textiles worldwide. This review article will focus on the methods followed for recycling of polyester fiber adopted in various textile industries worldwide.
Page(s): 295-296 Date of Publication: 15 May 2018
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For physically challenged, deaf and dumb peoples there are no such devices are available to pass their needs and emergency intimations in hospitals, homes and many public places. Sometimes they have to use only sign language which may be difficult for common peoples. The method shown in this paper is used to generate a voice from deaf unit to a wireless location and also generates a message to mobile unit in case of needs and emergencies using MEMS sensor it’s possible to generate the required signal send the signal depends on movements of the sensor the signal generated from MEMS unit which is interfaced to transmitter and microcontroller unit.
Page(s): 297-299 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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A library is a collection of sources of information and similar other resources, which is made accessible to a defined community like Educational Institution and Organization for reference or borrowing. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an underlying system of Library management system (LMS). Android app for Library Automation is used for managing software, monitoring and controlling the transaction in the library. A Library includes books, question paper, newspaper, journals and previous year’s project details etc. This paper mainly deals with the description and evolution of library system and their disadvantages over centuries in the different part of the world. The source of information in an Institution is a Library. Here Librarian plays a very important role in managing the Library functions such as adding new students, book data, date of issuing and returning the book and entering all the relevant details of the books etc. For this the student has to wait for his /her turn as Librarian enters data student by student. Thus, it is very time consuming process and costly because of high manpower requirement. This paper mainly focusses on the basic library operation and some added features like view total books, view available books, updating information, searching books and a facility to request and return of books and some alert systems. The system is an Android App written for smart phones, designed to help the users to maintain and organize Library Management System.
Page(s): 300-304 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Bit swapping linear feedback shift register (BS-LFSR) is utilized in a conventional linear feedback shift register (LFSR) to decrease its power dissipation and enhance its performance. The proposed configuration, called bit-swapping LFSR (BS-LFSR), is made out of an LFSR and exclusive OR and a 2 × 1 multiplexer to decrease switching activity or number of transitions in bit swapping technique. Hence, it reduces dynamic power dissipation. Reduce in the dynamic power dissipation will decrease the efficiency of the circuit. Hence, the decrease in the switching activity will not decrease the performance.
Page(s): 305-307 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Now a day’s global warming is one of the major problems facing around the world. It is due to the formation of co2 in the atmosphere from the sources like automobiles, industries, fossil fuel burning etc. Not only carbon dioxide gas release from the industries but also carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, sulphur dioxide, hydro carbon and other toxic gases also released which affect the entire global system. We produce power from coal, nuclear and natural gas, these causes hazards in additional to the power developed. It exploits our nature, pollutes over environment. But we need power and nature at the same time. To increase the power consumption to decrease the pollution we turned towards our natural source of energy like solar, water, wind and tide. We are making use of solar, energy, wind energy and tidal energy to the fullest, but their some opportunities to use energy from in so many ways. We had adopted one such method to develop electricity to meet some basic needs. Our aim of this research paper is to develop sustainable development in all countries by reducing co2 and other gases by effective method of proposed system. This method certainly minimise the evolution of co2 and other harmful gases in the atmosphere and make use it as fuel and also in order to increase the production strength of electricity ,here we combined with the methane extraction from the waste of industry. This proposed system also maintains the quality of the air. If this may be practised by all industries it protects the world from the natural calamities. The simulations of the results are shown in the plc. The main objective of the system is to make use of the harmful smoke which was evolved from the industries and also recycle of waste into useful methane, which have to be made usage for the production of the electricity.
Page(s): 308-312 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Engineering and Technology played a key role in the growth and development and enhancing the quality of life of the people though improved goods and services. Ever since the Industrial Revolution, investments in this segment has proved to be reliable engines of economic growth all over the world. It can also be observed that the countries which adopted a cohesive approach and spent more liberally on Research & Development (R&D) have achieved better dividends .The approach invariably included Institute-Industry Collaboration (IIC) as one of the key ingredients. India’s contribution in R&D stands at 0.8% of its GDP as compared to other Asian Countries like China, South Korea, Israel and Japan with 2.7%, 4.3%, 4.3% and 3.58% respectively (1) This paper high lights the need for a reformatory approach in R&D in general and strengthening of the Industry-Institution-Society alliance in particular in the context of continued social challenges being faced in ensuring healthy food, safe drinking water, housing, Electricity, Transportation, Sanitation , health care , free education and clean environment to the masses at large. It is brought out that there is a dire need to have a prudent, affordable, sustainable and decentralized Institute- Industry Collaboration (IIC) rather than confined or semi-centralized R&D for the developing countries like India to achieve meaningful results though smaller but relatively voluminous and successful R&D interventions which can be termed as De-centralized and Expansively Enterprising Partnerships (DEEP) amongst Institute-Industry-Social Groups. The need of scientific gap analysis between the expectations of the stake holders, Intra disciplinary coordination and Institute to Institute (I2I) alliances are emphasized with due recommendations to rejuvenate the present scenario. At the end, the Institute-Industry collaboration activities undertaken and being planned by Nalla Malla Reddy Engineering College (NMREC) are put forth besides concluding remarks and action points.
Page(s): 313-318 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in early stage is essential to avoid complete blindness. The retinal fundus images of the patients are procured by capturing the fundus of the eye with a digital fundus camera. Fundus Images should be pre-processed to remove the noise, preserve the edges of an image, and enhance the image quality for carrying out further image analysis. This paper provides various pre-processing techniques for detection of DR. The abnormalities in retinal fundus images due to DR are Lesions which includes Microaneurysms, Hemorrhages, exudates and blood vessels. In this study canny’s edge detector is used for detection of Lesions and features are extracted.
Page(s): 319-321 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Ayurgenomics is the integration of the principles of Ayurveda with genomics. It presents a personalized approach in the predictive, preventive, and curative aspects of stratified medicine with molecular variability. It expresses the study of interindividual variability due to genetic variability in humans for assessing susceptibility, and establishing diagnosis and prognosis, mainly on the basis of the constitution type of a person’s Prakriti. Prakriti is a fusion of the comparative proportion of three main things, i.e., Tridoshas, namely, Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Prakriti is denominator in Ayurveda, which defines physical, physiological, and psychological traits of an individual and is the template for individualized diet, lifestyle counseling, and treatment. Prakriti is a key factor in determining individual’s susceptibility to disease as well as response to treatment include the recognition of both the extrinsic (environmental) and intrinsic factors (physiologic and genetic). Ayurgenomics is an emerging field of interest where the therapeuticand lifestyle regime selection is made on the basis of clinical assessment of an individual maintaining one’s Prakriti. This Ayurveda-inspired concept of personalized medicine is a novel concept of genomics suitable for one’s genetic makeup with the help of Ayurveda. Here, we propose and present this novel concept of Ayurgenomics and its emerging areas of research, which may unfold future possibilities toward smart yet safe therapeutics.
Page(s): 322-326 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Ethics expresses certain ideas about the values of human beings, of human society and of the living nature. Since ethics belongs to the self-understanding of every human being, it is what is and what ought to be. It is also a vision which shapes us as human beings and also as person who has having the ability to take responsibilities for our life with others and with the whole world. Ethics today has also the specific potentials extending to the realm of medicine and health care. We are living in a world that is visibly different from that of one another and the difference is much due to the techno scientific revolution in all the domains of life. This keeps philosophers bring more with the analysis of ethical issues than with metaphysical questions. Van Renesselaer Potter used the term bioethics to refer to a new discipline that combines biological knowledge with knowledge of human value systems. From the second half of 20th century, the field of bioethics has expanded and complicated enormously in proportional with the speed of technological, scientific and other social developments. More than an interdisciplinary enterprise, bioethics has now occupied the public consciousness in an unprecedented ways. Thus it has claimed to be a project of reflection on the moral issue raised by new technology. Its main concerns was always concrete and goal of bioethics was a decision making endeavour which is rationally defensible and capable of being communicated to others. These decisions were grounded in a systematic reflection based on fundamental values and moral principles. But the values and principles are almost defective in applicability. Instead of relying upon a particular theory, it focuses upon certain moral principles. These principles are too broad and general and seem to be difficult to apply to practical situations. Principles like beneficence, nonmaleficience, respect for autonomy and justice conflicts each other and this shows its ineffectiveness to actual life situations. Now there is a perception of a gradual transformation in bioethics. This transformation is characterized by an increasing politicization of bioethical issues, ie. one’s bioethical views reflects one’s political assumptions concerning the nature, goals and values that guide the biomedical sciences.
Page(s): 327-329 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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In this paper implementation of digital PID controller using Field Programmable Gate array (FPGA) is presented. Firstly, the paper adopts genetic algorithm to optimize the parameters of PID controller and introduces Spartan3e FPGA to implement the PID controller. Secondly, the closed-loop test system is constructed by DSP builder and Matlab/Simulink.
Page(s): 330-332 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Generally dumb people use sign language for communication but they find difficulty in communicating with others who do not understand sign language. Mute people can use the gloves to perform hand gesture and it will be converted into braille lipi so that blind people can understand their expression. Using this project, dumb people can directly communicate with blind and normal people without hesitation. In transmission side, flex sensors are mounted on gloves, so signal is transmitted through RF ZigBee which is received by another circuit which will display code on LCD and design braille lipi using vibration motors. So that adaptive communication among blind, dumb and normal people can be done.
Page(s): 333-335 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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I. INTRODUCTION
‘The quality of a leader is reflected in the standards they set for themselves’ Ray Kroc Leadership is a quality, which cannot be acquired by any person from the other but it can be acquired by self determination of a person .leadership can best be called the personality of the very highest ability whether in ruling, thinking, imagining, innovation, warring, or religious influencing. A leader as always said, is born, not made, but leadership is certainly a continual evolution process of qualities like vision, commitment, discipline, trust, integrity, innovation, motivation, authority, dedication, humility, creativity etc., within leaders. Most of these qualities, if not all, in a leader contribute to the success of an organization A leader must be able to communicate his or her vision in terms that cause followers to buy into it. He or she must communicate clearly and passionately, as passion is contagious. A good leader must have the discipline to work towards his or her vision with a single mind, as well as to direct his or her actions and those of the team toward the goal. Action is the mark of a leader. A leader do not suffer, always does one or the other thing in pursuit of the vision, by inspiring others to do the same, they nurture the strengths and talents of their people, and build teams committed to achieving common goals. Some of the leadership qualities that we believe are possessed by many of the world’s greatest leadersPage(s): 336-338 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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Present investigation deals with the influence of grain refinement (Al-1Ti-3B) and modification (Al-10Sr) on the microstructure, mechanical properties such as fracture toughness and fracture behaviour of Al-12Si alloy. The tests like tensile, hardness, impact and fracture toughness are conducted on as cast as well as refined and modified binary Al-12Si alloy. The characterisation of Al-12Si alloy before and after tests are conducted using opticalmicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. The results showed that improvements in the mechanical properties and fracture toughness with the additions of refiner and modifier when compared to as cast condition. Further, the fractographical analysis shows that brittle fracture with severe damage is observed in case of binary as cast Al-12Si alloy. Whereas grain refined and modified alloys showed less severity in damage due to increase in toughness and strength of the alloys.
Page(s): 339-343 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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This research targets the design of an Electric car with wind turbine that will be installed to generate electrical power to charge the batteries when in motion. This wind powered car will have a wind turbine on its backside. During motion the wind flowing through wind ducts will rotate the turbine. This rotary movement is transferred to the mechanical component which will convert rotatory motion into electric energy. Along with the concept of wind turbine, Regenerative braking systems help to lower consumption in hybrid vehicles and reduce their carbon footprint. They can also increase the range of electric vehicles. Regenerative Braking System is the way of slowing vehicle by using the motors as brakes. Instead of the surplus energy of the vehicle being wasted as unwanted heat, the motors act as generators and return some of it to the overhead wires as electricity.
Page(s): 344-348 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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The present work Optimization of Machining parameters on Surface Roughness by Taguchi approach has been undertaken keeping into consideration the following problems: 1) In today’s fast growing manufacturing sector, applications of proper simulation, modeling and optimization strategies in CNC turning process is essential to improve the machining, and the overall productivity. 2) High cost of numerically controlled machine tools, compared to their conventional counterparts, has forced us to operate these machines as efficiently as possible in order to obtain the required payback. 3) Usually the previous turning experimental study based on spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut and these cutting parameters are use for optimization of operations. Due to the highly competitive global competition and precision product requirements these important machining parameters optimize for the best process optimization. 4) It is not possible to obtain mathematical model for Taguchi model, the investigation of mathematical model is thus very essential. Because mathematical model is powerful tool to predict response for any of input parameters values within the experimental domain, and optimal values can be any of parameters point i.e., parameters are continuous and can take any real value. So, the necessary data required for developing the mathematical model for Taguchi method only possible when Taguchi method is coupled with other optimization technique. The problem was to find an optimum set of conditions that were to produce minimum surface roughness. There are two purposes of this research. The first is to demonstrate a systematic approach of using Taguchi parameter design of process control of individual CNC turning machine. The second is to demonstrate the use of Taguchi parameter design in order to identify the optimum surface roughness and performance with a particular combination of cutting parameters in a CNC turning operation.
Page(s): 349-361 Date of Publication: 20 May 2018
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