Big-Alabo, Tamunopubo, Okaoha, Kelvin System – September 2019 Page No.: 01-08
The study examined the French African policy and the fight against terrorism in Mali. The study was guided by the theoretical framework of post-colonial theory as propounded by Aime Cesaire and Frantz fanon. The study looked at conceptual clarifications like the concept of foreign policy and the concept of terrorism. The study adopted the ex post facto research design where by data was gathered through mainly secondary source. The study further found out that the government of Mali played some roles in the fight against terrorism in the areas of legislation, law enforcement, border security, countering violent extremism and Mali government international and regional cooperation. The study further found that some measure where also taken by France against terrorism in Mali which include; clear political direction, avoiding political traps, economy of means initiative and concentration of forces and France boots on ground. Based on the findings the study recommended among others that the Malian government should use the opportunity of the crisis and war to develop a new strategic vision and roadmap for the future direction of post-war Mali on inclusive democratic politics and political accountability and organize a national political dialogue that will lead to a final settlement of the tuareg separatist grievances through an inclusive, negotiated political framework.
Page(s): 01-08 Date of Publication: 16 September 2019
Dept of Political/Admin Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Okaoha, Kelvin System
Dept of Political/Admin Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
[2]. Blakely, R. (2007).Bringing the state back into terrorism. Studies of European Political Science. 63. 228-235.
[3]. Chandra, P. & Arora, P. (2008).International Relations. New Delhi, Cosmos Bookhive Pvt. Ltd.
[4]. Der Derian, J. (2009). Critical practices in international theory. Oxon, Routledge.
[5]. Discours-de-Dakar & Vincent, J. (2013). Mali: Histoire secrete d’une guerre surprise. Retrieved June 10 2019 from http:// globe.blogs.nouvelobs.com/archive/2013/02/08/mali-histoire-secrete-d-une-guerre-surprise .html.
[6]. Holsti, K. (1997). International politics: A framework for analysis.Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice Hall.
[7]. Jackson, R. (2008). The ghosts of state terror: Knowledge, politics and terrorism studies. Journal on Critical Studies on Terrorism. 13, 377-392.
[8]. Khana,V. (2005). Foreign policy of India,New Delhi.Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
[9]. Lynch, C. (2012). Rice: French plan for Mali intervention is crap. Foreign Policy, RetrievedJune 10 2019 from http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/12/11/rice_french_mali_intervention_plan_is_crap.
[10]. Michael, S. (2014). France’s war in Mali: Lessons for an expeditionary army, Retrieved June 10 2019 from http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR700/RR770/RAND_RR770.pdf.
[11]. Northedge, F. (1974).The nature of foreign policy in the foreign policies of the powers.London, Faber and Faber.
[12]. Rosenau, J. (1967). Domestic sources of foreign policy in the scientific study of foreign policy. New York, Free Press.
[13]. Russet, B. & Starr, H. (1981).World politics: The menu for choice San Francisco. Freeman &Company.
[14]. S, A. (2000). Furies, violence and terror in the French and Russian revolutions. Princeton, NJ., Ch. 4
[15]. Shahid.K. (2006).International relations and political theory. Lahore, Ferozsons Pvt. Ltd.
Download PDF
K. Bharathi, Ramya.S, Prof. D. Malarvizhi – September 2019 – Page No.: 09-13
I. INTRODUCTION
The seventh cranial nerve has the nucleus over pons. It exits the skull through Stylomastoid foramen and passes through parotid gland and gives five branches, they are Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular and Cervical. The facial motor nucleus has dorsal and ventral divisions that contain lower motor neurons supplying the muscles of the upper and lower face. The dorsal division receives bilateral upper motor neuron input while the ventral division receives only contralateral input1.Lesions over Corticobulbar tract and the nucleus reduce or inhibit or stop the input to ventral division, but dorsal division input is maintained or not affected. So the facial palsy is found with hemiparesis of the contralateral facial muscles. Facial palsy comprises of peripheral and central facial palsy. Peripheral facial palsy affects superior and inferior region of face. The main cause of peripheral facial palsy is Bell’s palsy in which the cause remains unknown whereas the central facial palsy only affects the inferior area of the face1.Facial palsy is the weakness of musculature in the facial region with loss of sensation1. The facial muscles become weak and droop and it’s drawn across the opposite side of the face2.
Page(s): 09-13 Date of Publication: 15 September 2019
B.P.T., MIAP, Senior Physiotherapist, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Ramya.S
Student, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Prof. D. Malarvizhi
Dean, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
[2]. House JW, Brackman DE; House Brackman Facial Nerve Grading System 2010.
[3]. University of lllinois-chicago, College of Medicine on September 26, 2016- Danielle Moores.
[4]. Ramachandran, V.S. Rogers-Ramachandran, D.C. (1996), “Synaesthesia in phantom limbs induced with mirrors”, proceedings of the Royal Society of London (263(1369)):377-386, doi: 10. 1098/rsbp. 1996 0058, PMID 8637922.
[5]. Ramachandran, V.S.: Rogers- Rmachandran, D.C.; Cobb, S. (1995), Touching the phantom,” Nature (377): 489-490.
[6]. Ruther CL, Golden CL, Cudley GA. Hypertrophy, resistance training, and the nature of skeletal muscle activation. J Strength Cond Res. 1995; 9:155-159.
[7]. Stevens JE, Mizner RL, Snyder- Mackler L. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps muscle strengthening after bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a case series. J Ortho Sports PhysTher. 2004; 34:21-29.
[8]. Lewek M, Stevens J, Snyder-mackler L. The use of electrical stimulation to increase quadriceps femoris muscle force in an elderly patient following a total knee arthroplasty. PhysTher. 2001; 81:1565-1571.
[9]. Khan JB, GliklichRE, BoyevKP, Stewart MG, Metson RB, McKenna MJ. Validation of a patient-graded instrument for facial nerve paralysis; the FACE scale. Laryngoscope 2001;111:387-398.
[10]. Lee J, Fung K, Lownie SP, Parnes LS Assessing impairment and disability of facial paralysis in patients with vestibular schwannoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007; 133: 56-60.
[11]. de Boer C, Mattace-Raso F, Van der Steen J, et al; Mini Mental State Examination sub scores indicate vasomotor deficits in Alzheimer’s disease patients: A cross- sectional study in a Dutch population. Geriatric Gerontollnt. 2013 Nov 15. Doi: 10.1111/ggi.12183.
[12]. Sallam K, Amr M; The use of the mini-mental state examination and the clock- drawing test for dementia in a tertiary hospital. J ClinDiagn Res.2013 Mar7 (3):484- 8.doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2013/4203.2803.Epub 2013Mar 1.
Download PDF
Dr. Yakubu Aliyu GOBIR, Abu-Ubaida SANI – September 2019 – Page No.: 14-19
The notions of slave and slavery still reverberate global history of mankind which might have apparently left Africans in disadvantaged positions. Besides, these might have allowed substantial repositions and/or redistributions of wealth of the people of African descent. These activities might also have resulted in human displacements across geographical locations obviously changing identities of the victims. The reasons above might tend to locate the notions of slave and slavery in the past but recent phenomena reflected in a variety of literature suggest and present a persistence of slavery shaped in multiple forms. This paper traces the phenomenon of slavery in selected Hausa Home Videos and identifies its status and nature in the Hausa-folk tradition. The videos perceive the notions of slave and slavery through a variety of elements such as proverbs and idioms. Equally important, the paper interrogates the notions of slave and slavery and shows how and probably wonders why the new meaning in Hausa Home Videos. The paper further situates some of the characters as slaves and how their experiences shape their slavery. Moreover, the paper goes further to consider some acts as modern slavery; these include human trafficking, political persuasion and domination amongst others. The paper concludes and suggests education in its most basic form as amour against oppression, domination, slavery and its attendant factors.
Page(s): 14-19 Date of Publication: 16 September 2019
Department of Nigerian Languages, Federal University Gusau, Nigeria
Abu-Ubaida SANI
Department of Educational Foundations, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
[2]. Abu-Ubaida, S. et al. (20172). Fisher Folk and the Need for Developing Their System of Education for Sustainable Development: A Survey of Yauri Emirate in Kebbi State. In Umar, S. &Illo, A.I. (2014). Performance assessment of artisanal fisheries in the Kainji Damarea of Yauri Emirate, Kebbi State, Nigeria. In Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare Vol.4, No.20, ISSN 2225-093X. Accessible at:www.iosrjournals.org
[3]. Ade, A. J. F. &Okon, U. (2010). Slavery and Slave Trade in Nigeria From Earliest Times to the Nineteenth Centurey. Ibadan: Safari Books Ltd.
[4]. Alfred, E. O. &Onuara, E. N. (eds) (1979). The Development and Growth of the Film Industry in Nigeria. Lagos: Third Press International.
[5]. Ali, B. (2004). Historical Review of Films and Hausa Drama, and Their Impact on the Origin, Development and Growth of the Hausa Home Videos in Kano. In Adamu, A. U. et al (eds). Hausa Home Videous: Technology, Economy and Society. Kano: GidanDabino Publishers.
[6]. Amnesty International (AI) (2017). Slavery Today: Human Rights in the Curriculum. Retrieved on 10th October, 2017 from www.amnesty.or.uk/education
[7]. Danjuma, A. H. (2004). Brief history of drama in northern Nigeria. In Adamu, A. U. et al (eds). Hausa Home Videos: Technology, Economy and Society. Kano: GidanDabino Publishers.
[8]. Douglas, A, P. (2004), Nigeria. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publisher.
[9]. Fage, A. M. (2004). Economy and Society in Hausa Cultural Production: Implication of Hausa Home Videos on Social Change. A cikinHausa Home Videos.Jami’arBayero, Kano.
[10]. Ferguson, D. E. (1973). Nineteenth Century Hausa Land, Being a Description by Imam Imoru of the Land. Ph. D. thesis conducted I the University of California Los Angeles.
[11]. GidanDabino, A. A. (2001). GudummawarFina-Finan Hausa Game da Addini da Al’ada. Takardar da aka gabatar a Makon Hausa, SashenHarsunanNijeriya, Jam’arBayero, Kano.
[12]. Harees, L. (2012). The Mirage of Dignity on the Highway of Human Progress: The Bystanders’ Perspective. Bloomington: AuthorHouse
[13]. Helmut, K. A. & Jurgen, G. (1991). The Acknowledgment of Literary Influence: A Structural Analysis of a German Literary Network. In Sociological Forum Vol. 6, No: 1. New York: Springer.
[14]. Hindman, H. (2014). The Child Labour: An Historical and Regional Survey. UK: Routledge
[15]. ILO, (International Labour Office) (2017). Global Estimates of Modern Slavery: Force Labour and Forced Marriage. Retrieved on 11th October, 2019 from www.ilo.org/publications
[16]. Isichei, E. A. (1997). A History of African Societies to 1870.UK: Cambridge University Press Cambridge.
[17]. James, C. (2015) Why We Need a Global Partnership to End Modern Slavery. United Nations University: ISBN: 978-92-808-9015-0
[18]. Jinju, M. H. (2001). Musulunci a Afirka: Nazari ta HanyoyinTarihi da Falsafa Game da MatsalolinYau. Zaria: Ahmadu Bello University Press.
[19]. Langer, M. K. (2004). British Legacies and Political Development. In World Development, 32 pp 905-922
[20]. Mahuta, G. A. (2007). An Assessment of the Need of Bush Kambari and Their Children in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto.
[21]. Mandela, N. R. (2005). A Speech by Mr. N. R. Mandela for the “Make Poverty History Campaign.” Trafalgar Square, London, United Kingdom, 3 February 2005.
[22]. Masello, P. (2014). Possibilities and Challenges of Teaching Reading in a Multi-Grade Classroom. In Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 5. Rome-Italy:MCSER Publishing
[23]. Paul, E. L. (2011). Problems of Slave Control in the Sokoto Caliphate. Retrieved on 10th October, 2017 from: www.images.library.wisc.edu/AfricanStudies/EFacs/…/africanstudies.lovejoy.
[24]. Puma, A. (2015). Slavery Nowadays. Retrieved on 8th October, 2017 from https://prezi.com/us6xc6qyiib-/slavory-now-at-days/
[25]. Rio Tinto, (2016). Slavery and Human Trafficking. London: Rio Tinto Plc.
[26]. Sani, A-U, (2016). “An Image of Northern Nigerian Marital and Gender Based Controversies: A Survey of Abubakar Gimba’sSacred Apples. A paper presented at the 13th International Conference on Ethnic Nationalities, Cultural Memory and the Challenges of Nationhood in 21st Century Literature, held at The University Auditorium, IBB University, Lapai, from 30th August to 2nd September 2016.
[27]. Science Daily, (2014). Culture Influences Young People’s Self-esteem: Fulfillment of value priorities of other individuals important to Youth. Retrieved from www.sciencedaily.com
[28]. Shirly, F. L. (1969). “Case Study of the Influence of Reading on Adolescents.” In Reading Horizons: Vol 9: Iss. 2. Retrieved from: htpp://schorlarworks.wmich.edu
[29]. Umar, S. &Illo, A.I. (2014). Performance Assessment of artisanal fisheries in the Kainji Damarea of Yauri Emirate, Kebbi State, Nigeria. In Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare Vol.4, No.20, ISSN 2225-093X
[30]. Yabo, I. M. (2009). A Survey of the Educational Needs of the Fishermen in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Ph. D. Thesis, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto.
Download PDF
Dr. Evans Ovamba Kiganda (PhD), Dr. Scholastica Odhiambo (PhD), Dr. Nelson Obange (PhD) – September 2019 Page No.: 20-22
Taxes remain a major source of revenue for a country and can have several impacts on the economy. Studies examining the influence of taxation on inflation have reported mixed results and did not break down taxation into its components. This creates uncertainty with regard to the influence of taxation components like excise duty (ED), import duty (ID), income tax (IT) and Value Added Tax (VAT) on inflation. This study’s objective was to establish the influence of taxation on inflation in Kenya to bridge the knowledge gap. Monthly time series data from Central Bank of Kenya spanning 132 months from 2005 to 2015 was used for analysis based on variance decomposition and impulse response analysis. Results indicated that total tax had a positive influence on inflation. However, influence was highly due to indirect taxes. In view of this, the study recommends adoption of fiscal policy that target reduction in taxation that are likely to lower production costs leading to a reduction in inflation in Kenya.
Page(s): 20-22 Date of Publication: 18 September 2019
Lecturer Kaimosi Friends University College (KAFUCO), P.O. Box 1926 – 40100 Kisumu, Kenya
Dr. Scholastica Odhiambo (PhD)
Lecturer, Department of Economics, Maseno University, Kenya
Dr. Nelson Obange (PhD)
Lecturer, Department of Economics, Maseno University, Kenya
[2]. Ahmed, Q. M., Muhammad, S. D., Noman, M., & Lakhan, G. R. (2014). Determinants of recent inflation in Pakistan: Revisit. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences , 8 (1), 170- 184.
[3]. Arif, M., & Ali, M. M. (2012). Determinants of inflation in Bangladesh: An empirical investigation. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development , 3 (12), 9-17.
[4]. Bashir, F., Nawaz, S., Yasin, K., Khursheed, U., Khan, J., & Qureshi, M. J. (2011). Determinants of inflation in Pakistan: An econometric analysis using Johansen cointegration approach. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research , 1 (5), 71-82.
[5]. Central Bank of Kenya. (2017). Central bank statistics. Nairobi: Central Bank of Kenya.
[6]. European Central Bank. (2011). Econometric and monetary developments: Gauging the impact of indirect taxation on Euro area HICP inflation. Frankfurt, Germany: European Centra lBank.
[7]. Gautier, E., & Lalliard, A. (2014). How do VAT changes affect inflation in France? Paris, France: Banque de France.
[8]. Hakim, T. A., & Bujang, I. (2012). The impact and consequences of tax revenues’ components on economic indicators: Evidence from panel groups data. InTech.
[9]. Khan, U. R. (2013). Relationship between fluctuated exports and economic growth of Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Management , 21, 108-113.
[10]. Rehman, F. U., & Khan, D. (2015). The determinants of food price inflation in Pakistan: An econometric analysis. Advances in Economics and Business , 3 (12), 571-576.
[11]. Rizvi, S. B., Mohsin, A. Q., & Zakaria, M. (2012). Factors of inflation on Pakistan economy:An empirical investigation. Journal of Asian Development Studies , 1 (1), 30-34.
Download PDF
Daniel Asamoah, Moses K. K. Ocansey – September 2019 Page No.: 23-33
The report focused on providing a detailed analysis with respect to item discrimination and distractor analysis of a thirty core mathematics achievement test.The test measured senior high school students’ achievement in core mathematics on some specific areas they were taught. After the discrimination and distractor analysis, it was found that 27 out of the 30 items discriminated positively, 2 discriminated negatively and 1 had a zero discrimination. The distractor analysis of all the options of the 30 items were also computed and discussed.
Page(s): 23-33 Date of Publication: 18 September 2019
Department of Education and Psychology, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Moses K. K. Ocansey
Department of Education and Psychology, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
[1]. Amedahe, F. K., & Asamoah-Gyimah, K. (2016). Introduction to measurement and evaluation (7thed.). Cape Coast: Hampton Press.
[2]. Crocker, L., &Algina, J. (1986). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
[3]. Haladyna, T. M., Downing, S. M., & Rodriguez, M. C. (2002). A review of multiple-choice item writing for classroom assessment. Applied Measurement in Education, 15(3), 309-334.
Download PDF
M.D.M.C.P. Weerarathna, D.M.T.B. Dissanayake, D.G.S.D. Dehigama and A.A.I. Perera – September 2019 – Page No.: 34-38
Graph factorization is one of the most flourishing areas in Graph Theory. Most of the research work on factorization is on complete graphs and complete bipartite graphs. In this research, complete k- partite graphs are considered. By considering degree factorization, two theorems have been proved to obtain factors of factorization of the complete multipartite graphs K(2,2,2,⋯,2) and K(2r,2r,…,2r ) with n partite sets where n≥2 and n,r∈Z+. Moreover, when n is even, 2-factors for 2-factorization of a complete multipartite graph of the form K(2,2,2,…,2) have been obtained using the tournament scheduling technique by considering n partite sets as n teams.
Page(s): 34-38 Date of Publication: 19 September 2019
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
D.M.T.B. Dissanayake
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
D.G.S.D. Dehigama
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
A.A.I. Perera
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
[2]. Jonathan L.G. and Yellen J. (2003). Handbook of Graph Theory, CRC Press.
[3]. Plummer, D.M. (2007). Graph Factors and Factorization: 1985-2003, Science Direct, Discrete Mathematics, Vol. 307, pp 791-821.
[4]. Straight, H.J. (1993). Combinatorics, An Invitation, Cole Publishing Company, Pacific Grove, California.
[5]. Wilson, R.J.(1996). Introduction to Graph Theory, Longman, Fourth Edition.
Download PDF
Er. Saurabh Gandhe; Prof. V.S Aher; Prof. Dr. V.D. Wakchaure – September 2019 – Page No.: 39-44
Energy storage device is a very critical electrical component used at converter of the many locomotives. The energy storage devices are made up of AISI 1040 steel cases or boxes. Bulging effects in these boxes exerts tensile load on welded joint and breaks them. AISI 1040 is having good weld ability. The boxes of these materials are joined with MIG welding with the filler metal of ER 70S-6. In order to improve its tensile strength the throat thickness of the weld was insufficient. By increasing throat thickness strength of the joint will also improves. In this paper the effect of increasing throat thickness on the tensile strength of the joint is analyzed by using theoretical design equations. It is then simulated in the ANSYS software to confirm these effects. From result it is seen that increase in throat thickness will improve the tensile strength of the joint. It is also seen that the maximum stress acts at the area adjacent to the weld and stresses at weld are much lesser than the UTS of filler metal and just less than yield strength of the filler metal with higher throat thickness.
Page(s): 39-44 Date of Publication: 20 September 2019
Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, India
Prof. V.S Aher
Professor, Mechanical Engineering, Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, India
Prof. Dr. V.D. Wakchaure
HOD, Mechanical Engineering, Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, India
[2]. Gurinder Singh Brar (2013), “ Finite Element Simulation of Residual Stresses in Butt Welding of Two AISI 304 Stainless Steel Plates” International Journal on Theoretical and Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (IJTARME), ISSN : 2319 – 3182, Volume-2, Issue-1.
[3]. A. Atroshenko, A. Vairis2, V. Bichkov and R. Nikiforov (2014), “ANSYS Simulation of Residual Strains in Butt-welded Joints”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 7 (5) (2014) 9 – 11.
[4]. Nur Syahroni and Mas Irfan Purbawanto Hidayat (2012), “3D Finite Element Simulation of T-Joint Fillet Weld: Effect of Various Welding Sequences on the Residual Stresses and Distortions”, Numerical Simulation – From Theory to Industry, http://dx.doi.org/10. 5772/50192.
[5]. Collins Eruogun Etin-osa, Joseph Ifeanyi Achebo. Analysis of Optimum Butt Welded Joint for Mild Steel Components Using FEM (ANSYS). Advances in Applied Sciences. Vol. 2, No. 6, 2017, pp. 100-109. Doi: 10.11648/j.aas.20170206.12
[6]. Harmeet Singh, Som Kumar, Nimo Singh Khundrakpam, Amandeep singh (2014), “Thermal Stress Analysis in Butt Welded Thick Wall Cylinder”, International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT), Volume 3, Issue 10.
[7]. Araque O, Arzola N, Varo´n O (2019) Computational modeling of fatigue crack propagation in butt welded joints subjected to axial load. PLoS ONE 14(6): e0218973. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218973.
[8]. M. Jeya kumar, T. Christopher, R. Narayanan and B. Nageswara Rao (2013),” Residual Stress Evaluation in Butt-welded IN718 Plates”, CJBAS Vol. (01) – September – Issue 02, 88-99.
[9]. V. Atroshenko, R. Nikiforov and O. Kolenchenko (2015), “Modeling Stress-Strain State in Butt-Welded Joints after TIG Welding”, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 8 (6) (2015) 57 – 60.
[10]. Ali Kaya, Mehmet Tekelioglu (1998), “THREE DIMENSIONAL STRESS ANALYSIS IN ADHESIVELY BONDED JOINTS”, mathematical & computational applications, Vol 3, No2, Page 101-111.
[11]. Nishi P Devadas, G Sunilkumar, Sajeeb R (2012), “Finite Element Analysis of Flat Joints in Metallic Honeycomb Sandwich Beams”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, ISSN: 2278-1684 Volume 3, Issue 2 (Sep-Oct. 2012), PP 06-12.
[12]. Adak and Soares, J Appl Mech Eng 2016, 5:6, DOI: 10.4172/2168-9873.1000233.
[13]. CHAVAN VIKRANT VIJAYKUMAR, PROF. DR. DESHPANDE S.V., PROF. VALSANGE P.S. (2016), “TENSILE STRENGTH ANALYSIS OF LAP WELDED JOINT OF SIMILAR PLATES WITH F.E.A.”, ISSN: 2394-3696, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 8, Page 1-19.
[14]. K. Ashok Kumar, T. N. Charyulu, Dr. CH. Srinivasa Rao, P. Surendra Babu, “Free Expansion and Thermal Stress Analysis of a Corner Welded Joint by Finite Element Method”, International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), Vol.2, Issue.6, Nov-Dec. 2012 pp-4235-4238.
[15]. Rafiqul Islam Mohammed (2015), “Finite Element Analysis of Fillet Welded Joint”, FACULTY OF HEALTH ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES, Page 1-85.
[16]. N. D. Ghetiya & K. M. Patel (2018), “Numerical simulation on an effect of backing plates on joint temperature and weld quality in air and immersed FSW of AA2014-T6”, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (2018) 99:1937–1951, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2632-3
[17]. Mr. Vinay D. Shinde1, Mr. Pratik P. Shinde, Mr. Tanmay T. Revankar, Prof. Rohit Bhandwale (2019), “THERMAL ANALYSIS OF PISTON USING ANSYS”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 02, Page 2637-2639.
[18]. Mr. Vinay D. Shinde1, Mr. Pratik P. Shinde, Mr. Tanmay T. Revankar, Prof. Rohit Bhandwale (2019), “THERMAL ANALYSIS OF PISTON USING ANSYS”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 02, Page 2637-2639.
[19]. Shahanwaz Adam Havale, Prof. Santosh Wankhade (2017), “DESIGN, THERMAL ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF A PISTON USING ANSYS”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 04 Issue: 12, Page 1311-1317.
[20]. Raees Kha and Dr. Uzma Qureshi (2018), “FEA Modeling of HAWT WHISPER Model 200 through ANSYS”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 02, Page 210-219.
[21]. P.Pavani, Mr. P. Sivasankar, Mr. P. Lokanadham, Mr. P. Uma Mhahesh (2015), “Finite Element Analysis of Residual Stress in Butt Welding of Two Similar Plates”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 02, Page 479-486.
[22]. Akshay Nighot, Prof. Anurag A. Nema, Prof. Anantharma A (2016), “Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Weld Distortion in Automobile Chassis”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 03 Issue: 08, Page 656-661.
[23]. Satyaveer Rajput, Sudhir Sharma (2019), “STUDY OF LOADING CONDITIONS FOR THREE PLATE LAP WELDED SPECIMEN USING ANSYS TOOL”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 03, Page 3531-3537.
[24]. Anurag Mishra, Mr. Pradeep Sahu (2018), “Finite Element Method of Welding Joint in Shaft and Validation Using Different Method”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 05 Issue: 09, Page 191-195.
[25]. Tangella Teenage Vara Prasad, Dr. P.K.Soni (2019), “Optimum Design of a Trailer Chassis to Overcome Failures of Welded Joints to Improve Maintenance Actions”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 04, Page 1061-1069.
[26]. Abhishek B P, Anil kumar G, Madhusudhan. T (2015), “EXPERIMENTAL AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THERMALLY INDUCED RESIDUAL STRESSES FOR STAINLESS STEEL 303GRADE USING GMAW PROCESS”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 04, Page 160-166.
[27]. A “Welding Handbook of Design for Welding”, American Welding Society, Inc, Document provided by IHS Licensee=Fluor Corp/2110503106.
[28]. Maritime welding handbook, “Welding and related process for repair & maintenance”, 14th edition, 2nd revision.
Download PDF
Abdulwasi MUSAH – September 2019 Page No.: 45-52
Since the discovery of oil in commercial quantities in Oloibiri in 1957, the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has been facing serious environmental challenges which range from air and soil pollution. This state of environmental mishaps has grossly affected the people to the extent that the eco-system has largely become unfriendly and harsh to the people. The people have lost their hitherto traditional occupations of fishing and farming to the toxic nature of their waterways and soil. The people of the region lament their haplessness and agony to lack of infrastructural developments and placed the blames on both the government and the Multi-National Oil Companies who according to them have not done enough to ameliorate their worsening conditions. In the face of the ineffectiveness of the environmental laws, the people of the Niger-Delta see the courts as the last hope they can beckon at but their experiences with the courts are yet to meet their aspirations. Often times, they are challenged by jurisdictional choices in filing their environmental rights actions and the long period it takes in adjudicating some of their cases discourages their decision of approaching the courts, hence, sometimes resulting to self-help with far-fetched effects on oil exploration and production activities and revenue drives of the federal government. This paper therefore seeks to proffer a way out of these shambles in a way that streamline the best way out through which the courts can seamlessly serve to the optimum,the cause of oil exploration and production as well as the government revenue drive.
Page(s): 45-52 Date of Publication: 22 September 2019
Centre for Petroleum, Energy Economics and Law, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
[2]. Fidelis A. E. (2011). Oil and Development Deficit in Africa: The Failure of Intervention Agencies’ in Nigeria Niger Delta: International Journal of Business & Social Science, Vol. 2, No. 8.
[3]. Fleming James, Jnr. (1951) Virginia Law Review, Proof of the Breach in Negligence Cases (Including Res Ipsa Loquitur) curled from and accessed on 05 September 2019. https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=4120&context=fss_papers
[4]. Ladan M.T. (2006), Enhancing Access to Justice on Environmental Matters: – Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to information. A paper presented at a Judicial training workshop on Environmental Law in Nigeria. Organized by the National Judicial Institute, Abuja and UNEP. Held at Rockview Hotel, Abuja, Between 6-10 Feb-May 2006.
[5]. MUSAH (2019), A Comparative Assessment of Legal Sanctions forEnvironmental Pollution in Oil Producing Areas of Nigeria and Other Selected Countries, University of Ibadan Postgraduate School, (PhD Thesis) Unpublished.
[6]. Ndubusi, A. and Asia, O. (2007). Environmental Protection in Oil producing area of Niger Delta Basin, Niger Empirical assessment of Trends and People’s Perception. Environmental Research Journal, 11(4):18-26.
[7]. Nwagbara, E. Abia, R. Inyang, F &Eleje, J. (2012). “Poverty, Environmental Degradation and Sustainable Development: A discourse”. Global Journal of Human social science, sociology, economics and Political science.
[8]. Odeyemi, O. and Ogunseitan, O.A (1985). “Petroleum Industry and its Pollution Potential in Nigeria. Oil & Petroleum Pollution”, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd, England, 2:
[9]. Rufus AkpofurereMmadu, (2013) ‘Judicial Attitude to Environmental Litigation and Access to Environmental Justice in Nigeria: Lessons from Kiobel’, AfeBabalola University: Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy Vol. 2 Iss. 1 (2013), pp. 149-170
[10]. Watts, Michael. (2001) “Petro-Violence: Community, Extraction, and Political Ecology of a Mythic Commodity” in Violent Environments, edited by Nancy Lee Peluso and Michael Watts, Pp. 189-212. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Download PDF
Olapade-Ogunwole, Folayimi – September 2019 Page No.: 53-57
Agriculture is the mainstay of the Nigeria economy and is characterized by mixed farming system. Expected increases in agriculture require increase in agricultural productivity. Agricultural productivity very much depends on the efficiency of the production process. Policies designed to educate farmers through proper agricultural extension service could have a great impact in increasing the level of efficiency and hence agricultural productivity.
The bootstrap introduced by Efron (1979) is a method of repeatedly drawing with replacement from a sample. The sample is said to be representative if the moments of its distribution match the moment of the underlying unobservable population. The moment of the bootstrap on the other hand, tend to approach the moments of the observable sample. Therefore, if the sample is a representative one, the bootstrap will yield meaningful results. If it is not representative then the bootstrap will still be consistent in terms of approaching the sample moments, but the results will be counterintuitive.
The need therefore to examine improved maize production technologies vis-à-vis some management practices becomes pertinent in order to identify the factor responsible for the inefficiency of maize farmers. This research therefore focused on the technical efficiency of mazie farmers in Oyo and Osun State Nigeria using fear model.
A multistage sampling technique was used in collecting data from a cross-sectional sample of 300 maize farming households in Oyo and Osun State. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) including bootstrapping using FEAR model, Tobit regression analysis were employed in analyzing the data. Results from the Tobit analysis showed that the sigma level for CRS, VRS and scale efficiencies were significant at 1 percent with 24.536, 24.433 and 24.466 respectively.
Page(s): 53-57 Date of Publication: 25 September 2019
Senior Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Economics & Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
[2]. Eron, B. &Tibshirani, R.J. (1993).An Introduction to the Bootstrap (New York, Chapman and Hall).
[3]. Mugera, A. W., & Featherstone, A.M. (2008).Backyard Hog Production Efficiency.Evidence from the Philippines.Asian Economic Journal, 22(3), 267 – 287. http://dx.dio.org/ 10.1111/j.1467-8381.2008.00278.x.
[4]. Simar L., Wilson W.P., (1998). “Sensitivity Analysis of Efficiency Score: How to Bootstrap in Nonparametric Frontier Models”. Management Science 44(1):49 – 61.
[5]. Simar L., Wilson W.P., (2000).“ Statistical Inference in Nonparametric Frontier Models: the State of Art”, Journal of Productivity Analysis, 1349 – 78.
[6]. Simar L., Wilson W.P., (2004). Performance of the Bootstrap for DEA Estimators and Iterating the Principle, ed by Copper W.W., Seiford M.L., Zhu J., in Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis, Kluwer Academic Publisher, pp. 265 – 298.
Download PDF
Olapade-Ogunwole, Folayimi – September 2019 – Page No.: 58-61
Climate change is emerging as the most important environmental problem facing the country due to increases in atmospheric stocks of greenhouse gases (GHG), including carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), which occur by human activities have been linked to global climate change.The study hence, examined the effect of climate changes on the selected tuber crops in Nigeria. The study was to investigate the effect of climate change on tuber crop yield in Nigeria, define clearly the ranges of possible climatic effect, identify critical threshold and economic implication and explore adaptation.
The data used were sourced for from various issues of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Statistical Bulletin and FAOSTAT Database of Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nation Agrostat Database. The data covered a range of 1961 – 2015 (55years). The data collected for this study was analyzed using, simple descriptive statistics, inferential statistics which involves the use of multiple regression. The average percentage land area yam yield is 63.91% while that of sweet potato cultivation is 11.82%.
Page(s): 58-61 Date of Publication: 25 September 2019
Senior Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Economics & Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
[2]. Ajetomobi J.A (2010). Climate Change Impact on Cowpea Productivity in Nigeria: African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development Vol. 3: 10.
[3]. Awotoye, O.O. & Mathew, O.J. (2010).Effect of Temporal Changes in Climate Variables on Corp Production in Tropical Sub-humid South-western, Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(8), 500 – 505. Retrieved August 12, 2011.
[4]. Barron E.J. (1995). Climate Models, How Reliable are their Predictions? Consequences
[5]. Bashaaha, B. and R.O. Mwanga (1992). Sweet Potato: A Source of Income for Low-income Rural Families in Uganda. In: G.P.I Ferguson, and J.E. Herrera. (ed) Product Development for Roots and Tuber Crops Vol. III Africa. Proceeding of the Workshop on Processing Marketing and Utilization of Roots and Tuber.
[6]. Buba, A.D (2004). Climate Change and Water Problems in Chad Republic. Journal of Arid Environment, 3(2), 24 – 27.
[7]. Congressional Budget Office (CBO), (2003). The Economics of Climate Change: A Primer CBO paper. April.
[8]. FAOSTAT (1997).Statistics Database (on-line) Accessed, June – Available HTTP: http:// apps.fao.org.
[9]. Fasari A.R. (2006). Resources Use Efficiency in Yam Production in Ondo State Nigeria.Agric Journal (2): 36:40pp 36 – 40.
[10]. IPCC, (1990): Climate Change: The IPCC Scientific Assessment [Houghton, J.T. G.J. Jenkins, and Ephraums (eds)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY. USA.
[11]. IPCC, (2007).Climate Change (2007).The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Avergyt, M. Tignor and H.L Miller (eds)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
[12]. Kaiser, H.M., and T. Drennen (1993): Agricultural Dimensions of Global Climate Change St. Lucie: St Lucie Press.
[13]. Khanal, R.C. (2009).Climate Change and Organic Agriculture.The Journal of Agriculture and Environment 10, 100 – 109, Review paper.
[14]. Odjugo P.A.O. (2010). General Overview of Climate Change Impacts in Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology, 29(1), 47 – 55.
[15]. Orkwor, G.C (1997). Seed Yam production Technology, France, 87 – 92.
[16]. Tewe, O.O., F.E., Ojeniyi and O.A. Abu (2003). Sweet Potato Production, Utilization and Marketing in Nigeria. Social Science Department, International Sweet Potato Centre.
Download PDF
Okunola Solomon Olufemi, Olagunju Funke Iyabo – September 2019 Page No.: 62-69
Cooking is basic to human existence and soit is germane to the rural faming households, most of whom undertake agribusinesses in the rural and peri-urban of Nigerian cities and villages. It is used to transform food from the raw stage to another that is desirable for consumption. However, inefficient cooking practice in developing countries has resulted in significant environmental and health problems. This study therefore highlighted types of energy used, their effects and the need for clean and greener energy needed by the flora and fauna populations of the planet earth. Most respondents (23.3%) engaged in public sector employment which made them vulnerable when salaries were not paid especially when international economic dynamics were not in favor of the Nigerian crude. Fuel wood was mainly used for cooking (35.0%) and heating (24.3%). Charcoal, sawdust and gas were used for the same purposes. Kerosene was used for cooking (71.1%), heating (68.8%) and lighting (35.2%) while electricity was not only used for cooking (12.8%), heating (10.3%), lighting (78.4%) alone but for other things like refrigerating and drying (21.4%). The main problem of fuelwood was heath concerns (34.8%) while those of electricity were high price (21.4%) and scarcity (38.2%). Fluctuating price (68.8%) and high price (18.7%) were the problems encountered by the respondents as far as kerosene was concerned. Factors that influenced the choice of fuelwood as an energy source were community where respondents resided, significant (p<0.05), age, significant (p<0.05), education (p<0. 01) and various factors for other fuel types used in the study area.
Page(s): 62-69 Date of Publication: 25 September 2019
Department of Agricultural Economics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Olagunju Funke Iyabo
Department of Agricultural Economics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
[1]. CALLEJA, Tomas. “Dimensiones Humanistas de la Energía”. Cuadernos Empresa y Humanismo No 43. 2003.
[2]. Ellabban, Omar; Abu-Rub, Haitham; Blaabjerg, Frede (2004). “Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 39: 748–764
[3]. Global Development”. MEA (2005) Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) Penobscot River RestorationTrust,http://www.penobscotriver.org/Seedinitiative,http://www.seedinit.org/mainpages2/awards/2005/index
[4]. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN): 2008, Energy, Ecosystems and Livelihood Initiative Rue Mauverney 28 Gland 1196 Switzerland.”http://www.iucn.org/about/work/initiatives/energy_welcome/index.cfm?uNe”
[5]. Lanjouw, P. 1999. “Rural Nonagricultural Employment and Poverty in Ecuador.”Economic Development and Cultural Change 48(1):91-122
[6]. Mishra V, Dai X, Smith KR, Mika L. Maternal exposure to biomass smoke and reduced birth weight in Zimbabwe.Ann Epidemiol. 2004; 14(10):740–747..
[7]. Pachauri S, Rao ND, Nagai Y, Riahi K. Access to Modern Energy Assessment and Outlook for Developing and Emerging Regions. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria, 2012. Available on: http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/10145.
[8]. PNUD, Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. “Ambiente y Energía”. http://www.pnud.org.ve/temas/ambiente.asp. February, 2003.
[9]. Pokhrel AK, Smith KR, Khalakdina A, Deuja A, Bates MN. Case-control study of indoor cooking smoke exposure and cataract in Nepal and India. Int J Epidemiol. 2005; 34:702–708.
[10]. Pachauri S, Rao ND, Nagai Y, Riahi K. Access to Modern Energy Assessment and Outlook for Developing and Emerging Regions. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria, 2012. Available on: http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/10145.
[11]. Pokhrel AK, Smith KR, Khalakdina A, Deuja A, Bates MN. Case-control study of indoor cooking smoke exposure and cataract in Nepal and India. Int J Epidemiol. 2005; 34: 702–8.
[12]. World Bank 2006.Living Standards Measurement Study. Available: http://www.worldbank.org/.
[13]. WEO-2016 Special Report: Energy and Air Pollution
[14]. World Health Organization (2009) The Energy Access Situation in Developing Countries: A Review Focusing on the Least Developed Countries and Sub-Saharan Africa, New York.
[15]. World Health Organization.Regional action plan and targets for prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases (2013–2020). 2013; New Delhi, India: WHO SEARO
Download PDF
Shanisha Mehetre, Vishruti Kadam, Dr. Manisha Karpe, Dr. Vilasrao Kadam – September 2019 – Page No.: 70-76
The objective of the work was to develop and evaluate self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) for improving the delivery of BCS class II antihypertensive agent, Olmesartanmedoxomil (OLM). The solubility of OLM in oils, cosurfactants, and surfactants was evaluated to identify the components of the microemulsion. The pseudoternary phase diagram was plotted to identify the area of microemulsion existenceat different Smix ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1) based on the results of solubility and emulsification studies. Smix ratio of 1:1 was selected for formulation of SMEDDS as the flowability of the formulation with Smix ratio of 1:1 was retained and it also gave a fairly larger microemulsion existence region. The in vitro drug release studies were carried out in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 using USP XXIII dissolution testing apparatus type II at a paddle speed of 75 rpm. The optimized OLM liquid SMEDDS exhibited mean globule size of 59.91 nm, while experimental value was found to be 51.11 nm and polydispersity index of 0.42. The stability of OLM in SMEDDS was determined as per the International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines.
Page(s): 70-76 Date of Publication: 25 September 2019
Bharati Vidyaoeeth’s College of Pharmacy, C.B.D.Belapur, Navi Mumbai, India
Vishruti Kadam
Bharati Vidyaoeeth’s College of Pharmacy, C.B.D.Belapur, Navi Mumbai, India
Dr. Manisha Karpe
Bharati Vidyaoeeth’s College of Pharmacy, C.B.D.Belapur, Navi Mumbai, India
Dr. Vilasrao Kadam
Bharati Vidyaoeeth’s College of Pharmacy, C.B.D.Belapur, Navi Mumbai, India
[2]. Lee, D. W.; Marasini, N.; Poudel, B. K.; Kim, J. H.; Cho, H. J.; Moon, B. K.; Choi, H.-G.; Yong, C. S.; Kim, J. O., Application of Box Behnken design in the preparation and optimization of fenofibrate-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). Journal of microencapsulation.2014, 31, (1), 31-40.
[3]. Sarpal, K.; Pawar, Y. B.; Bansal, A. K., Self-emulsifying drug delivery system: a strategy to improve oral bioavailability. Curr Res Pharm Sci. 2010, 11, 342-9.
[4]. Setthacheewakul, S.; Mahattanadul, S.; Phadoongsombut, N.; Pichayakorn, W.; Wiwattanapatapee, R., Development and evaluation of self-microemulsifying liquid and pellet formulations of curcumin, and absorption studies in rats. Eur. J. Pharmaceut. Biopharm. 2010, 76, (3), 475-485.
[5]. Date, A. A.; Nagarsenker, M. S., Design and evaluation of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) for cefpodoximeproxetil. Int. J. Pharmceut. 2007, 329, (1), 166-172.
[6]. ICH, Q2, (R1) Validation of analytical procedures: Text and methodology, Geneva, June 1995.
[7]. Beg, S.; Swain, S.; Singh, H. P.; Patra, C. N.; Rao, M. E. B., Development, optimization, and characterization of solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems of valsartan using porous carriers. AAPS PharmSciTech.2012, 13, (4), 1416-1427.
[8]. Nanda Kishore, R.; Yalavarthi, P. R.; Vadlamudi, H. C.; Vandana, K. R.; Rasheed, A.; Sushma, M., Solid self microemulsification of Atorvastatin using hydrophilic carriers: a design. Drug Dev. Indust. Pharm. 2015, 41, (7), 1213-1222.
[9]. Janga, K. Y.; Jukanti, R.; Sunkavalli, S.; Velpula, A.; Bandari, S.; Kandadi, P.; Veerareddy, P. R., In situ absorption and relative bioavailability studies of zaleplon loaded self-nanoemulsifying powders. J. microencapsulation.2013, 30, (2), 161-172.
[10]. Pharmaceutical Statistics- Practical and Clinical applications, Series – Drug and the pharmaceutical sciences. Bolton, S., Bon, C., Eds.; New York: Marcel Dekker Inc., 2004; Vol. 135, 4th edition, 506-538.
[11]. Pharmaceutical Statistics- Practical and Clinical applications, Series – Drug and the pharmaceutical sciences. Bolton, S., Bon, C., Eds.; New York: Marcel Dekker Inc., 2004; Vol. 135, 4th edition, 215-264.
[12]. Demuth, T.E. Basic statistics and pharmaceutical statistical applications. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/ CRS Publication; 1999; 2nd edition, 267-304.
[13]. ICH, Q1A, (R2) Stability testing guidelines: Stability of new drug substances and product: Methodology in processing of ICH Geneva, 2003.
Download PDF
Sanusi, W.A and Fanifosi, G.E – September 2019 Page No.: 77-81
This study estimates vulnerability to poverty in Nigeria, specifically it analyse poverty status, vulnerability to poverty and the determinants of vulnerability to poverty. The study utilized the post-harvest and post planting cross section data from the National living standard Survey (NLSS) wave 2. Twelve (12) States were randomly selected using a multi-Stage sampling technique, 2 each from the six geopolitical zones in the country. Three steps generalized least square (FGLS) estimation procedure was used to estimate vulnerability to poverty and to model the effect of household socio-economic status on expected future consumption and variation in future consumption, and a Logit regression model was used to examine the determinants of poverty. The result revealed that most of the respondents were active and still in their productive age, the average years of schooling of 5.06 revealed a low level of the educational status of the respondents. The mean household size was 6 and exactly halve of the population were seen to be poor and lived below the poverty line. The significant determinants of vulnerability to poverty were gender, household size, and credit access, and farm distance, economic and agricultural shocks.
Page(s): 77-81 Date of Publication: 25 September 2019
Department of Agricultural Economics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Fanifosi, G.E
Department of Agricultural Economics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, Nigeria
[2]. Chambers, R. 1989. Vulnerability: How the Poor Cope. IDS Bulletin. 20 (2). 23pp.
[3]. Chaudhuri, S., Jalan, J. and Suryahadi, A. (2002). Assessing Household Vulnerability to Poverty from Cross-sectional Data: A Methodology and Estimates from Indonesia. Columbia University, Department of Economics, Discussion Paper no.0102-52. 26pp.
[4]. Coudouel, A. and Hentschel, J . (2000). Poverty Data and Measurement. Preliminary Draft for A Sourcebook on Poverty Reduction Strategies. The World Bank: Washington, D.C. April.
[5]. Gaiha, R., Imai K., and Woojun, K. (2007). Vulnerability and Poverty Dynamics in Vietnam. Economics Discussion paper No 0708.
[6]. Holzmann, R. (2001). Risk and Vulnerability: The Forward Looking Role of Social Protection in a Globalizing World. Paper Prepared for “The Asia and Pacific Forum on Poverty – Policy and Institutional Reforms for Poverty Reduction,” Asian Development Bank, Manila, February 5-9, 2001.
[7]. Kelly, P.M., and Adger, W.N. (2000). Theory and practice in assessing vulnerability to climate change and facilitating adaptation, Climatic Change, Vol 47, pages: 325–352.
[8]. Luigi, C. (2004). Assessing Household Vulnerability to Unemployment Shocks: A Simulation Methodology Applied to Bosnia and Herzegovina. 21pp.
[9]. National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). 2011. Nigeria Poverty Profile
[10]. Shaffer, P. (2001). New thinking on poverty; implications for poverty reduction strategies. CIS University of Toronto, UNDESA. 26p
Download PDF
F. O. Omoniyi – September 2019 – Page No.: 82-84
The Ohmic peak of copper/clay based cermet is evaluated to know the Ohmic boundary and response of the fabricated cermet resistors, using electrically conducting and chemically active copper powder with mass 5%, 15% and 25% using Archimedes’ principle. Considering annealing temperatures ranging from 200 ºC to 500 ºC. Some compositions exhibit inverse size feature earlier or later. The results showed that, the threshold resistivity for copper compositions gets closer to peak from 400 ºC while the 25% copper exhibited higher resistance peak than the lower compositions.
Page(s): 82-84 Date of Publication: 26 September 2019
Department of Physics, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
[2]. Zhang, S. (1993): “Titanium Carbonitride-Based Cermets: Process and Properties”. Materials Science and Engineering, A163, 141-148.
[3]. Babalola, O. A. and Akomolafe, T. (2003): Electrical Resistivity of Copper-Clay Cermet Resistors. Nig. Journal of Physics, pp 221-227.
[4]. Akomolafe, T. and Oladipo, O. (1996): “Electrical Properties of Fe-Clay Composite Resistors”. Material letters 27, 145-153.
[5]. Omoniyi, F. O.; Gora, M. N. and Okorie, O. (2017): Annealing Sequence Effects on Copper-Clay Based Cermet Resistivity. EPRA International Journal of Research and Development. Vol. 2, Issue 12, pp 38-43.
[6]. Boyo, A. O. and Akomolafe, T. (2012): Temperature Coefficient Resistance and Microstructural Analysis of Iron-Clay Based Composite Resistors. Science Journal Publication, Vol. 2012, Article ID sjp-283, Issue 3, 6. ISSN 2276-6367.
[7]. Avadhanu, M. N. and Kshirsagar, P. G. (2007): Engineering physics, Publish by S. Chand and company ltd. pp 469-510.
[8]. Prudenziatti, M.; Sirotti, F.; Sacchi, M.; Morten, B.; Tombesi, A. and Akomolafe, T. (1991): Active Passive Elect. Comp. 14, 163.
[9]. Prudenziatti, M. and Acquab, R. (1994): “Thick film sensors”. Elsevir. I, 228-229.
[10]. Musa, A. O. and Madugu, M. L. (2009): “Fabrication and study of Electrical Properties of PbO/Fe based Composite Resistors”. Bajopas Vol. 2, No 2.
[11]. Giacoletto L. J. (1977): Electronic Designers Handbook. Second Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., pp 3-8.
[12]. Abbasi, M.; Taheri, A. K. and Salehi, M. T. (2001): J. Alloys Compd. 319: 233–241.
[13]. Babalola, O. A.; Alabi, A. B. and Akomolafe, T. (2010): Microstructural Analysis of Zinc-Clay Cermet Resistors. [Researcher 2(3): 48 – 55]. ISSN: 1553-9865.
[14]. Francis O. Omoniyi; Abdul. D. A. Buba; Abubakar. M. Ramalan and Mufutau. A. Salawu (2018): “Influence of Physicochemical Property and Composition on Cermet Resistivity”. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), Vol. 3, Issue 9, pp 1-4.
[15]. Kovacs, J. Z.; Velagala, B. S.; Schulte, K. and Bauhofer, W. (2007): “Two percolation thresholds in carbon nanotube epoxy composites”. Compos Sci Technol 67: 922–928.
[16]. Yakovenko, O.; Matzui, L.; Danylova, G.; Zadorozhnii, V.; Vovchenko, L.; Perets, Y. & Lazarenko, O. (2017): “Electrical Properties of Composite Materials with Electric Field-Assisted Alignment of Nanocarbon Fillers”. Nanoscale Research Letters, 12, 471.
[17]. Rao M. V. H., Giramkar V. D., Phatak G. T., Amalner D. P., Saski K. S., and Shanamurthy Y. N., (2005). Interational Jounal of Electronics, Vol. 92, No 8, pp 451-466.
Download PDF
Enyinna Gregory Chimere – September 2019 – Page No.: 85-91
Development of policy support framework for sustainable water resource protection in Nigeria has become very necessary due to the fact that the water sector has never implemented any water resource protection plan even in the face of re-occurring epidemics of water related diseases in Nigeria accompanied a corresponding high mortality rate. The formulation of this policy support program gained its justification from the results from the primary data showing that water resource protection was only proposed by ministry of water resource but never existed as a policy neither has it been implemented or enforced by the sector. This research also gained its justification from the secondary data gotten from the Ministry of health, which shows high mortality and morbidity rate. Based on these reasons, the pre-plan, development of water resource protection and the post-plan for sustainable water resource protection were developed. In conclusion, this research paper recommended the acceptance and implementation this policy support framework as a valuable tool that will help in developing policy for sustainable water resource protection. Therefore, kick starting of such projects in Nigeria’s water sector will contribute a lot in drastically reducing the pollution and degradation of water resources.
Page(s): 85-91 Date of Publication: 30 September 2019
Chair of Environmental Geology, Environmental Resources Management, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus Seftenberg, Germany/ Department of Project Management Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria
[2]. Luis M.F: Strategic drivers in implementing sustainability programs in Portuguese organizations-let’s listen to Aristotle: From triple to quadruple bottom line. Vol.8, No.3, (2015).
[3]. Ajoke O. A, Solayide A. A, Francisca O.W, Mary-Theresa. N &Akitoye.O.C; Cholera Epidomology in Nigeria; An overview. The pan African Medical Journal (2012).
[4]. National water policy of the federal republic of Nigeria, NWPFRN (2004).
[5]. National water resource master plan; Development of master plan for water resource policy formulations. (1995).
[6]. Gbadegesi A.S &Olorunfemi .B: Changing trends in water policy formulation in Nigeria: the implication for sustainable water provision and management; Journal of sustainable development in Africa Vol. 11, No 4 (2009).
[7]. Federal Environmental protection Agency FEPA; Management and coordination of all environmental issues in Nigeria (1989).
[8]. National water and sanitation policy; Management and formulation of integrated water resource and sanitation policy. (2000).
[9]. Akpabio E.M (2012) Water supply and sanitation services center in Nigeria: The policy trend and practice constraints, working paper series 96. Department of political and cultural change, center for development research, university of Boon, (2012).
[10]. National water policy of the federal republic of Nigeria NWPFRN: National water resource policy.Policy details on management of water resources (2016).
[11]. ACSAD-BRG Technical Cooperation project (2003) Management protection and sustainable use of groundwater and soil resources in Arab region Vol.5- Guideline for delineation of groundwater protection zones.
Download PDF
Olusegun. I. O. Adesiyan, Isaac. O. Oyewo, Oyedapo. M. Raufu – September 2019 Page No.: 92-98
Using a cross sectional data for the analyses of the determinants of cassava productivity on small holder cassava farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the farmer’s farm specific and socio economic characteristics and inferential statistics was employed to analyse the determinant of crop production using 176 respondents. The result revealed that 73.9% of the farmers were male, 80.7% were married, farmers mean age was 50 years, mean household size was six (6) persons, 87.5% had farm size between 0.5-5.0 hectares, majority (89.2%) had one form of formal education while 82.4% relied on rain-fed farming system, cassava output was 37.50 tons and mean farm size used was 2.89 hectare while mean years of faming experience was 13.4 years. Estimated parameters with Cobb Douglas production functions show that farm size used, years of farming experience, farmers’ age, source of irrigation and income increased productivity at 1% respectively except farm management experience which reduced productivity at 10% level of significant. R2 was 74% which explain the level of variation in the crop outputs as a result of the explanatory variables. It was however concluded that farm size, farmers’ age, years of farming experience, source of irrigation and farmers income were the major determinants of farm productivity in the study area. The study therefore recommended among others that informal training through extension services be conducted to educate farmers in other to have a sustainable and increase productivity and provision of another source of irrigation (mechanise) instead of depending on rain fed agriculture in the study area.
Page(s): 92-98 Date of Publication: 30 September 2019
Department of Agricultural Economics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Isaac. O. Oyewo
Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FCF), P.M.B. 5087 Jericho, Ibadan, Nigeria
Oyedapo. M. Raufu
Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FCF), P.M.B. 5087 Jericho, Ibadan, Nigeria
[2]. Asuming-Brempong, Samuel (2010) Land Management Practices and Their Effects on Food Crop Yields in Ghana Poster presented at the Joint 3rd African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE) and 48th Agricultural Economists Association of South Africa (AEASA) Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, September 19-23, 2010.
[3]. Babalola D. A. and Olayemi, J. K., (2013), “Determinants of farmers’ preference for sustainable land management practices for maize and cassava production in Ogun State, Nigeria” Invited paper presented at the 4th International Conference of the African Association of Agricultural Economists, September 22-25, 2013, Hammamet, Tunisia.
[4]. Betti, G.,Cheli, B., Lemmi,A., and Verma V., (2005). The Fuzzy approach to multidimensional poverty: the case of Italy in the 90’s. Paper presented at ‘The measurement of multidimensional poverty, theory and evidence. Brasilia, august 29-31, 2005.
[5]. Braimoh AK, Paul L, Vlek G, Alfred S (2004). Land evaluation for maize based on fuzzy set and interpolation. Environmental Management, 33(2):26 – 238.
[6]. Cerioli A, Zani S (1990). “A fuzzy approach to the measurement of poverty”. In: C Dagum, M Zenga (Eds.): Income and Wealth Distribution, Inequality and Poverty. Berlin: Springer Verlag, pp. 272- 284.
[7]. Dorward,A., Kydd, J.,Poulton,(2005).Coordination risk and cost impacts on Economic Development in Poor Rural Areas. Agricultural Economic Society Conference, April 2005, Nottingham.
[8]. FAO, (1989). Sustainable agricultural production: implication for international agricultural research. Technical advisory committee, CGIAR. FAO research and technical paper No. 4. FAO, Rome.
[9]. F.A.O (2009): FAOSTAT http: faostat.fao.org/default.htmm
[10]. Idachaba, f. S (1987). Sustainability issues in agricultural development. Proceeding of the 7th Agricultural Sector symposium. World Bank Washington DC.
[11]. Keaney, D. R. (1989). Towards a sustainable agriculture: need for clarification of concepts and terminology. Am J. Agric. Vol. 4:101-105.
[12]. Ogunkunle, A. O. (2004). “Soil Survey and Sustainable Land Management”. Paper presented at Annual Conference of soil science society of Nigeria Abeokuta 24pp.
[13]. Ojo, M. A., U. S. Mohammed, A. O. Ojo, and R. S. Olaleye., ( 2009), “Return to scale and Determinants of farm level technical inefficiency among small scale yam based farmers in Niger state, Nigeria: implications for food security” International Journal of Agriculture Economics and Rural Development (IJEARD) 43- 51.
[14]. Okigbo, B. N. (1991). Development of sustainable agricultural production in Africa: roles of international Agriculture research centers.
[15]. Olayide, S., Eweka, J., Bello-Osagie, V.,(1980): Nigerian Small Farmers: Problems and Prospects in Integrated Rural Development in Nigeria. Centre for agricultural rural and development (CARD), University of Ibadan, Nigeria publisher.
[16]. Olayide, S. O., Olayemi, J. K. and Eweka, J. A.(1981): Perspectives in Benin-Owena River Basin Development by Centre for Agricultural and Rural Development Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Pp.25-50.
[17]. Oluwemimo. O., (2010) Stimulating rural employment and income for cassava (Manihot sp.) processing farming households in Oyo State, Nigeria through policy initiatives Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics Vol. 2(2), pp. 018-025
[18]. Oyekale A.S (2012). Fuzzy Indicator of Sustainable Land Management and Its Correlates in Osun State, Nigeria. J Hum Ecol, 39(3): 175-182.
[19]. Oyewo, I. O, Raufu.M.O, A.A.A. Adesope, Akanni.O.F. Adio, A.B (2014) “Factors Affecting Maize Production in Oluyole Local Government Area, Oyo State” Scientia Agriculturae. 3 (2), 2014: pp: 70-75.
[20]. Spencer, D. S. C. and Swift, M. J. (1992). Sustainable agriculture: Definition and measurement, SSSA (Soil science society of America) (1995). SSSA statement on soil quality.
[21]. Tang H, Van Ranst E (1992). Testing fuzzy set theory in land suitability assessment for rainfed grain maize production. Pedologie, 41(2): 129-147.
[22]. Young, A. (1989). Agroforestry for soil conservation. Wallingford, UK/Nairobi, Kenya: CAB international/ICRAF.
[23]. Zadeh L. A (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and control, 8, 338-353.
Download PDF
Enyinna Gregory. C – September 2019 Page No.: 99-108
This research was carried out to evaluate the revenues deducted for project fund disbursement for sustainability of Niger delta development commission projects in Nigeria, using secondary data that was acquired from NDDC for analysis and evaluation with the help of excel spread sheet. Oracle crystal ball was integrated to excel spread sheet which helped us in doing simulations for display of mean standard deviation frequency distribution and probabilistic outcome. Process/implementation evaluation was also used to determine whether the funds allocated to the NDDC for project development program activities have been implemented as intended and whether it resulted to certain output or not. The existing revenue disbursement model for oil revenue distribution was remodeled for rechanneling the 13% oil derivation to the ministry of Niger Delta and subsequently to NDDC and the oil producing areas for proper utilization and project development in the area. This is contrary to the previous revenue disbursement model for oil revenue distribution that allocated the 13% oil derivation directly to the oil producing states. The total revenues received by NDDC from federal government, oil companies and other income sources from 2007 to 2011 were also transformed to graphical representations of variations of funds received and percentage distribution of such funds during the periods under review.The difference between the total revenue received by NDDC and the total capital expenditure in 2007 was recorded as 99,451,815,800 while the difference between the total revenue received by NDDC and the total capital expenditure in 2008 was 174,625,536,000. In 2009 it was 183,922,881,810. Then in 2010 the difference was 32,771,525,920.but the difference between the total revenue and the total capital expenditure in 2011 was 34,516,180,627 which helped in this research to produce simulations that displayed mean, standard deviation, frequency and probabilistic rating for total capital expenditure, total revenue and the difference. The contracts awarded by NDDC in the Nine Niger Delta states were evaluated to x-ray the percentage rate of fund utilization for project development between 2007-2011 while the individual projects executed by the NDDC regional headquarters were also evaluated and the percentage rate of completion also recorded. The percentage differences in funds utilization for developmental project completions shows that proper evaluation would help the NDDC to identify areas of concentration during award of contracts and to be able to identify contractors lapses so as to have the capacity to hold the contractors liable for underutilization of project funds and incompletion of project works awarded to them.
Page(s): 99-108 Date of Publication: 30 September 2019
Department of Project Management, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
[2]. ‘Carry Go’ Citizens report on state and local government budgets in the Niger delta (2008) Niger Delta Citizens and Budget Platform Social Development Integrated Centre (Social Action) 33, Oromineke Layout, D-Line Port Harcourt, Nigeria ISBN: 978- 978 – 901- 381- 4.
[3]. CDC. (2007). “Appendix C Types and Uses of Evaluation.” In Program Operations Guidelines for STD Prevention: Program Evaluation. Atlanta, GA: CDC: Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention.
[4]. Centre for disease control (CDC) (2019), national centre for HIV/AIDS viral hepatitis STD and TB prevention, division of STD prevention Types of evaluation.pp1-2.
[5]. Central Bank of Nigeria, Annual Report and Statement of Accounts, 2006, CBN Annual report on income from crude oil revenue and production in Nigeria.
[6]. Dagwom.Y.D, (2013) Revenue Allocation and Economic Development in Nigeria: An Empirical Study SAGE Open PP 1-7.
[7]. Nelson T. (2014)International Journal of Development and Sustainability ISSN: 2168-8662 – www.isdsnet.com/ijds Volume 3 Number 4 (2014): Pages 586-607.
[8]. Nigeria extractive industries transparency initiative; NEITI (2013) section 1, Revenues, deductions, analysis of disbursement and application of funds by Niger delta development commission. SIAO partners, pp1-64.
[9]. Petroleum Inspectorate (NNPC) (2006) Annual report from Nigeria National petroleum company NNPC on Crude oil production and general revenues from crude oil exploitation in Nigeria.
Download PDF
O.F. Akinpelu, P.D. Shalli, O.J Ogundipe, A.A. Akande, F.E. Oladipupo, S.O. Jimoh and L. G Ogungbe – September 2019 Page No.: 109-126
Background: Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor impairment that contribute to the death of striatial neurons and psychiatric symptoms. Systemic administration of 3-Nitropropionic Acid (3-NP) cause selective striatial degeneration similar to that seen in HD. Recent studies clearly demonstrate that increase oxidative stress is one of the major deleterious even in the 3-NP-induced neurodegenerative process. Moringa oleifera (MO) has been studied for the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated the Neurobehavioral role of MO following 3-NP model of Huntington’s disease.
Methodology: Thirty-two adult mice weighting between 25-32g were used and divided into four groups (A, B, C and D), Group A serves as the control (Received food and ad libitum), B (Received MO+3-NP), C (Received only 3-NP) and D (Received 3-NP + MO) 3-Nitropropionic Acid (20mg/kg for 7 days) were induced intraperitoneal to the animals. MO were administer orally (250mg/kg) for a period of 7 days. Weights of the animals were checked periodically using the Acucuscope weighing Balance. Neurobehavioral assessment was carried out after administration. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment Neurotransmitters- Dopamine and Glutamate were assayed in tissue homogenates and the levels were quantified.
Results showed increased tissue levels of glutamate and dopamine and impaired neurobehavioural parameters in the Huntington’s group, while the preventive group showed some degree of preservation of the normal parameters.
Conclusion: 3-Np induced huntington’s disease model in mice as expected with the characteristics of increased tissue levels of glutamate and dopamine and impaired behavioural and locomotive indices.
Page(s): 109-126 Date of Publication: 30 September 2019
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
P.D. Shalli
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
O.J Ogundipe
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
A.A. Akande
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
F.E. Oladipupo
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
S.O. Jimoh
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
L. G Ogungbe
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne Campus, Ogun State, Nigeria
[2]. Barbreau, Chase, N.S. Wexler, A. (1979) Huntington’s Disease, Raven Press, New York,. w16x Y. Cheng, A.Y. Sun, Oxidative mechanisms involved in kainate-in- duced cytotoxicity in cortical neurons, Neurochem. Res. 19 _1994.1557–1564.
[3]. Beal, MF (1998). “Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases”.Biochim.Biophys.Acta1366 (1-2):211–23.doi:10.1016/s0005-2728(98)00114-5 .
[4]. Bharali R, Tabassum J, Azad MRH. 2003. Chemomodulatory effect of Moringa oleifera , Lam, on hepatic carcinogen metabolizing enzymes, anti-oxidant parameters and skin papillomagenesis in mice. Asia Pacific J Cancer Prev 4 : 131–139.
[5]. Borlong C.V.(1997).3-Nitropropionic Acid May 21,(3)289-93
[6]. Brandt J, Peyser CE, Folstein M, Chase GA, Starkstein S, Cockrell JR, Bylsma F, Coyle JT, McHugh PR, Folstein SE, (1995) . Trial of d-alpha-tocopherol in Huntington’s disease. Am J Psychiatry ;152(12):1771-5.
[7]. Brown, R. E., Corey, S. C., Moore, A. K. 1999. Differences in measures of exploration and fear in MHC-congenic C57BL/6J and B6-H-2K mice. Behavior Genetics, 26, 263-271.
[8]. Brown, R. E. et., al .1999. Strain differences in activity and emotionality do not account for differences in learning and memory performance between C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice. Submitted for publication to Genes, Brain and Behavior
[9]. Carrey, N., McFadyen, M. P., Brown, R. E. 2000. Effects of chronic methylphenidate administration on the locomotor and exploratory behaviour of prepubertal mice. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 10, 277-286.
[10]. Cockrell JR, Bylsma F, Coyle JT, McHugh PR, Folstein SE, Brandt J, Peyser CE, Folstein M, Chase GA, Starkstein S,(1995) . Trial of d-alpha-tocopherol in Huntington’s disease. Am J Psychiatry ;152(12):1771-5..
[11]. Cheng, A.Y. Sun, (1994)Oxidative mechanisms involved in kainate-in- duced cytotoxicity in cortical neurons, Neurochem. Res. 19 _. 1557–1564
[12]. Elsevier. 2001 p. 102.ISBN 0-323-02261-8.
[13]. Fawcett A(2012) “Guidelines for the housing of mice in science institutions”.prepare by Dr Anne Fawcett BA (Hons) Bsc(Vet)(Hons) BVSc(Hons) CMAVA..recommendation of institutions Animals Ethics committee to ensure that ..welfare of mice under his or her control which include their housing.
[14]. Freeman TB, Cicchetti F, Hauser RA, Deacon TW, Li XJ, Hersch SM et al.(1993)Transplanted fetal striatum in Huntington’s disease: phenotypic development and lack of pathology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 13877–13882,
[15]. Guevara AP, Vargas C, Sakurai H et al. 1999. An antitumor rpromoter from Moringa oleifera Lam. Mutat Res 440: 181–188
[16]. Hammond K, Tatum B, (2010) the behavioural symptoms project from education at Stanford retrieved .
[17]. John R, Stocco, Andrea; Lebiere, Christian; Anderson, (2010).”Conditional Routing of Information to the Cortex: A Model of theBasal Ganglia’s Role in Cognitive Coordination” .Psychological Review117 (2): 541–74.
[18]. Micheal A, LA Fontaine, James,1999.3-nitropropionic acid induced invivo protein oxidation in striatal and cortical synaptosomes insight into huntingtons disease(858) 356- 356.
[19]. Namara, J. et al., Purves, D., Augustine, G., Fitzpatrick, D., Hall, W., LaManita, A.-S., Mc (2008). Neuroscience (4th ed.). Sunderland MA:2009.
[20]. Storey, R. Srivastava, B.R. Rosen, B.T. Hyman, Brouillet, B.G. Jenkins, R.J. Ferrante, N.W. Kowall, J.M. Miller, E. (1993) Neurochemical and histologic characterization of striatal excitotoxic lesions produced by the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid, J. Neurosci. 10 .4181–4192..
[21]. Sunyer B et., al, Patil S, Hoger H, Lubec G(2007) Barnes maze ,a use useful task to assess spatial reference memory memory in the mice nature protocols.390
[22]. Pree JR, Rosen WG, 1977 Lead cadium content of urban garden vegetables tree subst. environment health 11-399-405.
[23]. Bhosale UA, Yegnanarayan R, Pophale PD, Zambare MR, Somani RS. Study of central nervous system depressant and behavioral activity of an ethanol extract of Achyranthes aspera (Agadha) in different animal models. Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2011;1:104-8.
[24]. Dilpesh Jain, Arti Gangshettiwar. Combination of lycopene, quercetin and poloxamer 188 alleviates anxiety and depression in 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington’s disease in rats. Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology DOI: 10.5455/jice.20140903012921
Download PDF
https://www.rsisinternational.org/virtual-library/papers/nuerobehavioural-investigation-of-the-role-s-of-moringa-oleifera-on-3-nitropropionic-acid-model-of-huntingtons-disease/” target=”_blank” rel=”noopener”>Nuerobehavioural Investigation of The Role/S of Moringa Oleifera On 3-Nitropropionic Acid Model of Huntington’s Disease
Makinde Kayode, Man Alhaji Sulaiman, Ibrahim Abubakar, Amao Enock – September 2019 Page No.: 127-134
In locations where electricity is unavailable, other means are necessary to pump water for consumption. Solar photovoltaic is strongly proven for cutting down greenhouse gases emissions, cost of fuel (diesel) and environmental pollution problems that the world is facing today due to the use of non-renewable energy sources. Niger state considered in this study is also experiencing these challenges with imbalance and unreliable electrical power supply. The case chosen was Gubata village in Gbako local government, Niger State. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potentiality and cost effectiveness of using solar borehole system in Gubata Village in Gbako local government area in Niger State. The Analysis of the solar powered system was based on the estimated daily water supply rate of 40,000 litres. A cost-comparison analysis between the solar-powered system and generator powered system was done using Life-Cycle Costing Analysis. Results obtained from the study showed that a 1.4 kW solar powered unit can supply the desired water quantity. Comparing the power supply costs of both systems over a 5-year life cycle showed that the diesel-generator powered system has a present value cost of about 230% higher than that of the solar powered unit. The outcome of this study showed that the PV pumping systems include low operating cost, unattended operation, low maintenance, easy installation, and long life.
Page(s): 127-134 Date of Publication: 30 September 2019
Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
Man Alhaji Sulaiman
Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
Ibrahim Abubakar
Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
Amao Enock
Department of Physics, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
[2]. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (2016). Scaling up solar powered water supply systems: a review of experiences.
[3]. Solar Electric Light Fund (SELF) (2008). A Cost and Reliability Comparison Between Solar and Diesel Powered Pumps
[4]. Mico weather, (2017). Daily weather forecast powered by Amber weather forecast.
[5]. Nwobi, E. U. Ajide, O. O. and Abu, R. (2014). Design and Cost Analysis of a 0.75 Kw Solar Powered Water Pumping System
[6]. Ministry Of Mines and Energy Barrier Removal To Namibian Renewable Energy Programme (NAMREP) Final Report: (2006). Feasibility Assessment for the Replacement of Diesel Pumps with Solar Pumps
[7]. SELF, (2008). Cost Reliability Comparison between Solar Powered and Diesel Powered Pumps
[8]. World Health Organization (WHO), (2011). Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality: 4th Edition Average consumption per person i. e domestic and individual use only
[9]. www.groundfos.com
Download PDF
Oluwadare J. Ogundipe, Risquat O. Olaleye , Christian E. Imafidon, Olaoluwa S. Olukiran, Omolola F. Akinpelu, Adedapo J. Sanusi, A. Oyerinde, Oyelade R. Oluwakemi – September 2019 Page No.: 135-143
Objective: the objective of the work is to investigate the ameliorative effect of aqueous and methanolic extract of ocimum gratissimum (linn) on gentamicin-induced liver injury. Forty five adult male Wistar rats were used for this study. They were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1 (the control) (n = 5) received distilled water daily by oral route for the whole period of the study. Group 2 (the toxic control) (n = 10) received 100 mg/kg/day of gentamicin i.p. for a week. Groups 3, 4, and 5 (n = 5) were pre-treated with gentamicin as the Group 2 rats, after which they received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day each of AOGL p.o., Groups 6, 7, and 8 (n = 5) were pre-treated with gentamicin as the Group 2 rats, after which they received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day each of MOGL p.o., respectively, for 14 days. Markers of liver function such as ALT, AST, ALP, Total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin and total protein were determined in the plasma. Oxidative stress markers such as TBARS and GSH were assayed in the tissue homogenate. Gentamicin treatment induced significant (p < 0.05) increases in ALT, AST, ALP, Total bilirubin and total protein and TBARS in the toxic control when compared to the control group. Significant decreases (p < 0.05) in GSH was also associated with gentamicin administration. Post-treatment with AOGL caused significant increases in and GSH, and significant (p < 0.05) decreases in ALT, AST, ALP, Total bilirubin and total protein in the treated groups when compared with the toxic control group. The results of this study indicated that AOGL ameliorated the liver injury caused by gentamicin in rats. Hence, the extracts have the potential of being used for the management of gentamicin-induced liver injury.
Page(s): 135-143 Date of Publication: 30 September 2019
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Risquat O. Olaleye
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Christian E. Imafidon
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Olaoluwa S. Olukiran
Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Omolola F. Akinpelu
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago – Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
Adedapo J. Sanusi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
A. Oyerinde
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Lead city University, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Oyelade R. Oluwakemi
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
[2]. A.A. Buraimoh, I.G. Bako, F.B. Ibrahim, Hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic leaves extract of Moringa Oleifera on the histology of paracetamol induced liver damage in wistar rats, Int. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 3 (2011) 10–13.
[3]. A. Subramoniam, P. Pushpangadan, Development of phytomedicine for liver diseases, Indian J. Pharmacol. 31 (1999) 166–175.
[4]. S.O. Olukiran, R.O. Akomolafe, K.D. Bamitale, A.O. Ajayi, R.E. Okonji, R.A. Bejide, Protective and curative effects of Livolin forte® on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in Wistar rats, J. Exp. Integr. Med. 4 (2013) 57–65.
[5]. Moulds RFW, Jeyasingham MS. Gentamicin: a great way to start. Aust Prescr 2010;33:134–5.
[6]. Masakazu K, Yoshiko E, Masashi E., Acquired resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in and escaped from liver parenchymal cells to gentamicin is caused by being coated with their plasma membrane. Microbes and Infection 16(3): 237-243 (2014).
[7]. Nayma S, Sadia C S, M Tanveer H P, Jesmine A., Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract On Some Serum Liver Marker Enzymes (AST, ALT) In Gentamicin Intoxicated Rats 7(1):1-7 (2012).
[8]. Stojiljkovic N, Stoiljkovic M., Micromorphological and histochemical characteristics of a rat’s liver treated with gentamicin. Acta medica Medianae 45(3): 24-28 (2006).
[9]. Wojciech L, Vincent LP., Ternary Complexes of Gentamicin with Iron and Lipid Catalyze Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species. Chemical Research in Toxicology 18(12): 357-364 (2005).
[10]. Erin E. Battin J., Sulfur and selenium: A Review of reactiveOxygen species scavenging, glutathione peroxidase and metal-binding antioxidant mechanisms. Cell Biochem Biophys 55: 1-23 (2009).
[11]. Jeffrey WC, Roger GU, Philip GL, Clay TC Acute Hepatocellular Effects of Erythromycin, Gentamicin, and Trospectomycin in the Perfused Rat Liver: Lack of Correlation between Lamellar Body Induction Potency and Cytotoxicity. Pharmacology & Toxicology.
[12]. Effraim KD, Jacks TW, Sodipo OA. Histopathological studies on the toxicity of Ocimum gratissimum leave extract on some organs of rabbit. Afr J Biomed Res 2003;6:21–5.
[13]. Rabelo M, Souza EP, Soares PMG, Miranda AV, Matos FJA, Criddle DN. Antinociceptive properties of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Labiatae) in mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 2003;36:521–4.
[14]. Akinmoladun AC, Ibukun EO, Emmanuel A, Obuotor EM, Farombi EO. Phytochemical constituent and antioxidant activity of extract from the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum. Sci Res Essays 2007;2:163–6.
[15]. C.E. Imafidon, R.O. Akomolafe, S.A. Abubakar, D.J. Ogundipe, S.O. Olaoluwa, A.A. Oladele, Amelioration of cadmium-induced nephropathy using polyphenolrich extract of Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) leaves in rat model, Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci. 3 (2015) 567–577.
[16]. P. Erasto, D.S. Grierson, A.J. Afolayan, Antioxidant constituents in Vernonia amygdalina leaves, Pharm. Biol. 45 (2007) 195–199.
[17]. G.A. Ayoola, H.A.B. Coker, S.A. Adesegun, A.A. Adepoju-Bello, K. Obaweva, E.C. Ezennia, T.O. Atangbayila, Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activities of some selected medicinal plants used for malaria therapy in Southwestern Nigeria, Trop. J. Pharm. Res. 7 (2008) 1019–1024.
[18]. E.M. Arhoghro, K.E. Ekpo, E.O. Anosike, E.O. Ibeh, Effect of aqueous extract of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in albino Wistar rats, Eur. J. Sci. Res. 26 (2009) 122–130.
[19]. O. Lolodi, G.E. Eriyamremu, Effects of methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina (Common bitter leaf) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in rats exposed to cycasin, Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 16 (2013) 642–646.
[20]. J. Momoh, A.O. Longe, A.O. Damazio, O.O. Eleyowo, Hepatoprotective effects of ethanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina and Azadiracha indica against acetaminophen- induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley male albino rats, Am. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 3 (2015) 79–86.
[21]. M.I. Iwo, S.L. Sjahlim, S.F. Rahmawati, Effect of Vernonia amygdalina Del. Leaf ethanolic extract on intoxicated male Wistar rat liver, Sci. Pharm. 85 (2017) 1–7.
[22]. M.E. Halilu, A. Abubakar, M.K. Garbar, A.A. Isah, Antimicrobial and preliminary phytochemical studies of methanol extract of root bark of Crossopteryx febrifuga (Rubiaceae), J. Appl. Pharm. Sci. 2 (2012) 066–070.
[23]. J.B. Harborne, Phytochemical Methods, 2nd edition, Chapman and Hall, London, 1980, pp. 288–293.
[24]. B.O. Obadoni, P.O. Ochuko, Phytochemical studies and comparative efficacy of the crude extracts of some haemostatic plants in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria, Global J. Pure Appl. Sci. 8 (2002) 203–208.
[25]. S.E. Allen, H.M. Grinshaw, J.A. Parkinson, C. Quarmbay, Chemical Analysis of Ecological Materials, 1st edition, Blackwell Scientific Publication, London, 1973.
[26]. H. Benmehdi, O. Hasnaoui, O. Benali, F. Salhi, Phytochemical investigation of leaves and fruit extracts of Chamaerops humilis L, J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 3 (2012) 320–337.
[27]. S. Anjali, S. Sheetal, Phytochemical analysis and free radical scavenging potential of herbal and medicinal plant extracts, J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 2 (2013) 22–29.
[28]. D. Lorke, A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing, Arch. Toxicol. 54 (1983) 275–287.
[29]. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition, (2011) https:// grants.nih.gov/grants/./Guide-for-the-Care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf (Access date: 5 October 2015).
[30]. C.E. Imafidon, T.R. Olatoye, F.S. Bamidele, O.E. Ojo, K.A. Ademoye, Cadmium-induced testicular toxicity, oxidative stress and histopathology in Wistar rats: sustained effects of polyphenol-rich extract of Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) leaf, J. Interdiscip. Histopathol. 4 (2016) 54–62.
[31]. A.O. Ayoka, A.K. Ademoye, C.E. Imafidon, O.E. Ojo, A.A. Oladele, Aqueous extract of Allium sativum (Linn.) bulbs ameliorated pituitary-testicular injury and dysfunction in Wistar rats with Pb-induced reproductive disturbances, Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci. 4 (2016) 200–212.
[32]. O.H. Lowry, J.R. Nira, L.A. Farr, J.R. Rose, Protein measurement with the folinphenol reagent, J. Biol. Chem. 193 (1951) 265–275.
[33]. E. Beutler, O. Duron, B.M. Kelly, Improved method for the determination of blood Glutathione, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 61 (1963) 882–888.
[34]. J.M. McCord, I. Fridovich, Superoxide dismutase, an enzymic function for erythrocuprein (hemocuprein), J. Biol. Chem. 244 (1969) 6049–6055.
[35]. K.A. Sinha, Colorimetric assay of catalase, Anal. Biochem. 47 (1971) 389–394.
[36]. H. Ohkawa, N. Ohishi, K. Yagi, Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues bythiobarbituric acid reaction, Anal. Biochem. 95 (1979) 351–358.
[37]. Z. Merali, R.L. Singhal, Prevention by zinc of cadmium-induced alterations in pancreatic and hepatic functions, Br. J. Pharmacol. 57 (1976) 573–579.
[38]. A.S. Katherine, M.M. Niamh, R.B. Steve, Hypothalamic regulation of apetite, Expert Rev. Endocrinol. Metab. 3 (2008) 577–592.
[39]. A. Pretto, V.L. Loro, V.M. Morsch, B.S. Moraes, C. Menezes, B. Clasen, L. Hoehne, V. Dressler, Acetylcholinesterase activity, lipid peroxidation, and bioaccumulation in Silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) exposed to cadmium, Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 58 (2010) 1008–1014.
[40]. F. Rossana, C. Giovanni, C.G. Maria, D.B. Salvatore, L. Massimo, F. Ida, Bioaccumulation of cadmium and its cytotoxic effect on zebrafish brain vol. 27, Taylor and Francis, 2011, pp. 39–46.
[41]. E.O. Farombi, I.A. Adedara, S.A. Akinrinde, O.O. Ojo, A.S. Eboh, Protective effects of kolaviron and quercetin on cadmium-induced testicular damage and endocrine pathology in rats, Andrologia 44 (2012) 273–284.
[42]. A.B. Steven, H.Z. Robert, W.P. Richard, Relationships between organ weight and body/brain weight in the rat: what is the best analytical endpoint? Toxicol. Pathol. 32 (2004) 448–466.
[43]. Health Benefits of Plant Tannins, (2016) http://www.medibiztv.com/articles/ health-tannins (Access date: 3 January 2016).
[44]. Health Benefits of Flavonoids, (2016) http://www.livestrong.com/article/492244- whatare-the-health-benefits-of-flavonoids/ (Access date: 5 April 2016).
[45]. A.O. Ayoka, O.E. Ojo, C.E. Imafidon, K.A. Ademoye, A.A. Oladele, Nuero-endocrine effects of aqueous extract of Amaranthus viridis (Linn.) leaf in male Wistar rat model of cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity, J. Toxicol. Rep. 3 (2016) 608–619.
[46]. S. Sunitha, M. Nagaraj, P. Varalakshmi, Hepatoprotective effect of lupeol and lupeol linoleate on tissue antioxidant defence system in cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, Fitoterapia 72 (2001) 516–523.
[47]. C. Bowler, M.V. Montagu, D. Irize, Superoxide Dismutase and stress tolerance, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 43 (1992) 83–116.
[48]. M. Zamocky, P.G. Furtmuller, C. Obinger, Evolution of catalases from bacteria to humans, Antioxid. Redox Signal. 10 (2008) 1527–1548.
[49]. D.E. Heck, M. Shakarjian, H.D. Kim, J.D. Laskin, A.M. Vetrano, Mechanisms of oxidant generation by catalase, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1203 (2010) 120–125.
[50]. S.K. Mitra, M.V. Venkataranganna, R. Sundaram, S. Goupmadhavan, Protective effects of HD-03, herbal formulation, against various hepatotoxic agents in rats, J. Ethnopharmacol. 63 (1998) 181–186.
[51]. A.H. Atta, T.A. Elkoly, S.M. Mouneir, K. Gehan, N.A. Alwabel, Z. Shaimaa, Hepatoprotective effects of methanol extracts of Zingiber officinale and Cichorium intybus, Indian J. Pharm. Sci. 72 (2010) 564–570.
[52]. M.I. Kazeem, H.A. Bankole, A.A. Fatai, Protective effect of ginger in normal and carbon-tetrachloride induced hepatotoxic rats, Ann. Biol. Res. 2 (2011) 1–8.
[53]. B.R. Thapa, W. Anuj, Liver function tests and their interpretation, Indian J. Pediatr. 74 (2007) 663–671.
[54]. T.K. Motawi, M.A. Hamed, M.H. Shabana, R.M. Hashem, A.F. Aboul-Naser, Zingiber officinale acts as a nutraceutical agent against liver fibrosis, Nutr. Metab. 8 (2011) 1–11.
[55]. T.B. Leonard, D.A. Neptun, J.A. Popp, Serum gamma glutamyl transferase as a specific indicator of bile duct lesions in the rat liver, Am. J. Pathol. 116 (1984) 262–269.
[56]. S.S. Bun, H. Bun, D. Guedon, C. Rosier, E. Ollivier, Effect of green tea extract on liver functions in Wistar rats, Food Chem. Toxicol. 44 (2006) 1108–1113.
[57]. N. Sharma, S. Shukla, Hepatoprotective potential of aqueous extract of Butea monosperma against CCl4 -induced damage in rats, Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 63 (2011) 671–676.
Download PDF
Vigneshwaran. S, T.N.Suresh – September 2019 – Page No.: 144-145
I. INTRODUCTION
Ankle sprain is an injury of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle joint. The injury is graded on the basis of severity. Anterior talofibular ligament is the most commonly injured ligament in ankle sprain.
Grade I is a mild stretching of the ligament complex without joint instability; Grade II is a partial rupture of the ligament complex with mild instability of the joint (such as isolated rupture of the anterior talofibular ligament) and grade III involves complete rupture of the ligament complex with instability of the joint.
Ankle sprain in sport may result in decreased performance, absence from competition and adverse psychological effects.
Following an acute ankle sprain, pain, swelling and ecchymosis are common, which may contribute to reduced mobility and function, as well as occupational absence.
The incidence of ankle sprain is higher in females compared with males.
The sport category with the highest incidence of ankle sprain was indoor/court sports, with a cumulative incidence rate of 7 per 1,000 exposures. There is a significantly higher risk of sustaining a lateral ankle sprain compared with syndesmotic and medial ankle sprains.
Kendrick in 2009, had produced Dynamic Tape (DT), a visco-elastic nylon and lycra blend material with 4-way stretch.
Dynamic tape acts by the mechanism of Load absorption, Force contribution and Modifying movement.
It reduces load on the lateral ligament complex of the ankle by decelerating plantar flexion/inversion, approximating the joint to augment force closure and enhance stability and proprioception and providing a facilitation of the peronei.
Ultrasound is a sound of frequency above 15,000 cycles per second (15kHz). It is used in health care as a diagnostic tool and in the treatment of acute soft tissue injuries.
Page(s): 144-145 Date of Publication: 30 September 2019
Student, SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institution of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
T.N.Suresh
Vice Principal, SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institution of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
[2]. The Incidence and Prevalence of Ankle Sprain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Epidemiological Studies Cailbhe Doherty, Eamonn Delahunt, Brian Caulfield, Jay Hertel, John Ryan, Chris Bleakley DOI 10.1007/s40279-013-0102-5
[3]. Struijs PA, Kerkhoffs GM. Ankle sprain. BMJ Clin Evid. 2010;2010:1115. Published 2010 May 13.
[4]. van den Bekerom MPJ, van der Windt DAWM, ter Riet G, van der Heijden GJ, Bouter LM. Therapeutic ultrasound for acute ankle sprains. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD001250. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001250.pub2
[5]. Wright IC, Neptune RR, van den Bogert AJ, Nigg BM. The influence of foot positioning on ankle sprains. J Biomech. 2000;33(5):513-519.
[6]. “Taping Benefits Ankle Joint Landing Kinematics in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability” by De Ridder R et al. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation © 2018 Human Kinetics, Inc.
[7]. Klenerman L . The management of sprained ankle. Br J Bone Joint Surg [Br]1998;80:11–12
[8]. Karlsson J , Faxen E, Eriksson B. Ankle joint ligament injuries: prevention, evaluation and treatment. Critical Reviews In Physical And Rehabilitation Medicine1996;8:183–200.
[9]. anderson J , Wredmark T. Treatment of acute ankle sprain. Acta Orthop Scand1995;66:529–31.
[10]. Wilson S , Cooke M. Double bandaging of sprained ankles. BMJ1998;317:1722–3.
Download PDF
Alozie, S. N., Ezeji, E. U. – September 2019 – Page No.: 146-150
The acute toxicity effect of the exposure of glyphosate and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on catfish fingerlings was evaluated using Lorke’s method. The acute lethal study of glyphosate and 2, 4-D on catfish fingerlings showed that no animal died within 24 hours. But for the mixture of glyphosate and 2, 4-D, at higher concentrations, death occurred. So, the LD50 was less than 2500mg/kg (2154.07mg/kg). The physicochemical parameters of water recorded were within the permissive limits fixed by WHO which are 6.5 and 6.5- 8.0 for dissolved oxygen and pH respectively. Although the presence of herbicides caused some changes in the quality of water in and around sprayed areas and decrease the dissolved oxygen in water, along with an increase in temperature, which may pose a threat to the survival of fish species, the results of the present study indicates that application does not result in significant changes in the physicochemical parameters to a point that is capable of causing visually observable deleterious effects in fish. This is probably because the concentrations studied here are of lower magnitude compared to those applied in agricultural practices. Also, several abnormal behaviours such as restlessness, erratic swimming, air gulping, respiratory distress, loss of equilibrium, and resting motionless at the bottom of the bowl (for those exposed to the mixture of glyphosate and 2, 4-D) were observed at higher concentrations of the toxicants. These results show that glyphosate and 2, 4-D may not have lethal effects on the fingerlings of Clariasgariepinus, but the mixture, at higher concentrations (≥2900mg/kg) may cause death. Hence, the use of glyphosate and 2, 4-D herbicides in agricultural farms should be monitored to avoid continuous leaching into water bodies.
Page(s): 146-150 Date of Publication: 02 October 2019
Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria
Ezeji, E. U.
Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria
[2]. Annune, P. A., Hbele, S. O. &Oladimeji, A. A. (1994). Acute Toxicity of Cadmium to Juvenile of Clarias gariepinus (Teugels) and Oreochromisniloticus(Trewavas). Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 29: 1357-1365
[3]. Aut Auta, J., Balogun, J. K., Lawal, F. A. and Ipinjolu, J. K. (2002). Short-term effect of dimethoate on behaviour of juveniles of Oreochromisniloticus(Trewavas) and Clariasgariepinus(Teugels). Journal of Tropical Biosciences, 2(1): 55-59.
[4]. Boy, Boyd, C. E. (1979). Water quality in warm water fish ponds. Research and Development Series No.32. pp. 22-30 Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
[5]. K. Davis, K. B (1990). Physiological stress in striped bass: effect of acclimation temperature. Aquaculture, 91: 349-358.
[6]. Doh Doherty, V. F., Ladipo, M. K. &Oyebadejo, S. A. (2011). Acute Toxicity, Behavourial Changes and Histopathological effects of Paraquat dichloride on Tissues of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). International Journal of Biology, 3(2), 67 -74.
[7]. Giesy, J. P., Dobson, S. & Solomon, K. R. (2000). Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment for Roundup Herbicide. Review. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 167: 35-120.
[8]. Grover, I. S. & Kaur, S. (1999). Genotoxicity of waste water samples from sewage and ineffluent detected by the Allium root anaphase aberrations and Micronucleus assays. Mutation research, 426, 183 – 188.
[9]. Hoque, M. M., Mirja, M. J. A. & Miah, M. S. (1993). Toxicity of Ronil to Fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus. Bangladesh Journal of Transit Development, 6(1): 19-26.
[10]. King, R. P. & Jonathan, G. E. (2003). Aquatic Environmental Perturbations and Monitoring. African Experience, USA. Pg 166.
[11]. King, R. P. (1998). Allgometry, growth performance and mortality of Tilapia mariaeBoulenger, 1899 (Cichlidae) in Ikpa River, Nigeria. Fish and Fisheries of Southeastern Nigeria, 1:38 – 47.
[12]. Kori-Siakpere, O., Ikomi, R. B. &Ogbe, M. B. (2010). Variations in alanine aminotransferase activities in African catfish: Clariasgariepinus (Burchell, 1822) at different sublethal concentrations of potassium permanganate. Scientific Research and Essays, 5(12): 1501-1505.
[13]. Lloyd, R. (1992). Pollution and Freshwater Fish. Fishing News Books, Blackwell Scientific Publication Ltd, London, United Kingdom. l76p.
[14]. Lorke, D. (1983). A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Arch Toxicology, 54:275–87.
[15]. Lovely, F. (1998). Toxicity of Three Commonly used Organophosphorous Herbicide to their Sharpute (Borbodesgonionotus) and African Catfish (Clariasgariepinus) Fry. Department of Fisheries and Genetics. Bangladesh. A g r i c u l t u r a l U n i v e r s i t y, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. M.Sc. Thesis. 83pp.
[16]. Miller, K. V. & Miller, J. H. (2004). Forestry herbicides influences on biodiversity and wildlife habitat in Southern forests. Wildlife Society bulletin, 32, 1049 – 1060.
[17]. Ogueji, E. O., Ibrahim, B. U. &Auta, J. (2013). Investigation of acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos-ethyl on Clariasgariepinus– (Burchell, 1822) using some behavioural indices. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2(2): 176-183.
[18]. Okoli-Anunobi, C. A. I. N., Ufodike, E. B. C. &Chude, L. A. (2002) Lethal effect of the detergent, Elephant Blue® on the Nile Tilapia Orechromisniloticus (L). AJOL Journal of Aquacultural Sciences, vol. 17 No 2.
[19]. Oliafa, F. E., Oliafa, A. K. & Lewis, O. O. (2003). Toxic stress of Lead on Clariasgariepinus (African Catfish). African journal of Biomedical Research, 6, 101 -104.
[20]. Omitoyin, B.O, Ajani, E. K. &Fajimi, A. O. (2006). Toxicity Gramoxone (paraquat) to juvenile African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). American Eurasian. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences 1(1): 26-30.
[21]. Opeyemi, I. A. (2015). Effects of Glyphosate ¶quat to Juveniles of the African Clariid Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Teugels, 1986). ABU, Zaria, Nigeria. Ph.D Thesis, Pp 42-56.
[22]. Oti, E. E. (2002). Acute toxicity of cassava mill effluent to the African Catfish tingerlingsAJOL Journal of Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 17.
[23]. Tomlin, C. D. S. (2006). The Pesticide Manual: A World Compendium. British Crop Protection Council Hampshire, Thornton Heath, United Kingdom, pp. 545-548.
[24]. Toughill, K. (1999). “The Summer the Rivers Died: Toxic Runoff from Potato Farms is Poisoning P.E.I.” Toronto Star Atlantic Canada Bureau Retrieved 11 Oct., 2017. http://www.pmac.net/summer-rivers.html.
[25]. Warren, C. E. (1977). Biology and water pollution. W.B. Sanders and Company. Philadelphia, USA, 434pp.
[26]. WHO. (2011). Guidelines for drinking-water quality – 4th Ed; Geneva, Switzerland. WTW GmbH.
[27]. Williams, G. M., Kroes, R. & Munro, I. C. (2000). Safety Evaluation and Risk Assessment of the Herbicide Roundup and Its Active Ingredient, Glyphosate, for Humans. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 31: 117-165.
[28]. Wilson, C. (2006). Aquatic Toxicology Note: Predicting the fate and effects of aquatic and ditchbank herbicides. EDIS Extension Document. 236p.
Download PDF
Ojediran, J. T., Terngohol, A., Ajayi, T. K., Adewole, W. A. – September 2019 – Page No.: 151-153
This study evaluated determinants of mortality in broiler production in Oriire Local Government Area, Oyo State. Multi stage sampling technique was used. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. The first stage was simple random sampling of two (2) wards out of the 10 wards in the Local Government Area. The second stage involved snow balling method for the selection of 25 farmers from each of the selected wards. A total of fifty respondents were interviewed. The descriptive statistics and ordinary least square regression were used in the analysis of the data. The mean age of the respondents was 41 years. Disease was the highest (26%) cause of mortality in broilers farming. The coefficients of age of respondents was negative and significant at 1 percent. However, the coefficients of household income and participation in broiler farming were significant and positive at 1 percent level. It is concluded from the findings of this study that disease was the highest cause of mortality in broiler farming. An increase in the age of farmer reduced mortality of poultry birds. Also, participation in pullet farming reduces mortality of poultry birds.
Page(s): 151-153 Date of Publication: 02 October 2019
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo-State, Nigeria
Terngohol, A.
Federal College of Agriculture, Moore Plantation, Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria
Ajayi, T. K.
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo-State, Nigeria
Adewole, W. A.
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P. M. B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo-State, Nigeria
[2]. Chou, C. C.; Jiang, D. D. and Hung, Y.P. (2004): Risk factors for cumulative mortality in broiler chicken flocks in the first week of life in Taiwan. Br. Poult. Sci., 45: 573-577. Georgia, USA.
[3]. Effiong, O. O. and William, M. E. (2015): Laying Performance and Egg Quality Evaluation of Pullets Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Processed Horse Eye Bean (Mucuna urens) Meal. Journal of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 1; June 2015. ISSN 2375-4214 (Print), 2375-4222 (Online).
[4]. Farooq, M.; Mian, M. A.; Durrani, F. R. and Syed, M. (2002): Prevalent diseases and mortality in egg type layers under subtropical environment. Livestock Res. Rural Dev., Vol. 14.
[5]. Jelili M. O., Saliu, I. and Abiola, F. (2013): Charcoal Production in Oriire Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria: Environmental and Socio-Economic Questions. Civil and Environmental Research, 7(12): 21-28.
[6]. NPC (2006). National Population Census, Abuja, Nigeria. 2006.
Download PDF
D.B. Jani, Tailor Ravi, Solanki Mayur, Chauhan Sanjay, Tandel Vishal, Vania Pratik – September 2019 – Page No.: 154-158
Ground source heat pump systems offer economical alternatives of providing thermal comfort for use in various industrial, commercial and residential air conditioning applications. As the cost of energy continues to rise, it becomes imperative to save energy and improve overall energy efficiency by searching renewable sources of energy. In this light, the ground source heat pump becomes a key component in an air conditioning system with great potential for energy saving by use of renewable energy available from beneath the earth surface. Improving ground source heat pump performance, reliability, and its environmental impact has been an ongoing concern. Recent progresses in ground source heat pump systems have centered upon advanced cycle designs for both heat- and work-actuated systems, improved cycle components (including choice of working fluid), and exploiting utilization in a wider range of applications in different climatic conditions. For the ground source heat pump to be an economical in operation continuous efforts need to be devoted to improving its performance and reliability.
Page(s): 154-158 Date of Publication: 03 October 2019
Mechanical Department, GEC, Dahod, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
Tailor Ravi
Mechanical Department, GEC, Dahod, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
Solanki Mayur
Mechanical Department, GEC, Dahod, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
Chauhan Sanjay
Mechanical Department, GEC, Dahod, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
Tandel Vishal
Mechanical Department, GEC, Dahod, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
Vania Pratik
Mechanical Department, GEC, Dahod, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
[2] Deerman, J. (1991). Simulation of vertical U-tube ground-coupled heat pump systems using the cylindrical heat source solution. ASHRAE Transactions, 97, 287–295.
[3] Deng, Y., Feng, Z., Fang, J., & Cao, S. J. (2018). Impact of ventilitation rates on indoor thermal comfort and energy efficiency of ground-source heat pump system. Sustainable Cities and Society, 37, 154–163.
[4] Bernier, M. A. (2001). Ground-coupled heat pump system simulation/discussion. ASHRAE Transactions, 107(1), 605–616.
[5] Atam, E., & Helsen, L. (2016b). Ground-coupled heat pumps: Part 2-literature review and research challenges in optimal design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 54, 1668–1684.
[6] Li, M., & Lai, A. C. (2013). Analytical model for short-time responses of ground heat exchangers with U-shaped tubes: Model development and validation. Applied Energy, 104, 510-516.
[7] Gang, W., Wang, J., & Wang, S. (2014). Performance analysis of hybrid ground source heat pump systems based on ANN predictive control. Applied Energy, 136, 1138-1144.
[8] Zeng, H., Diao, N., & Fang, Z. (2003b). Efficiency of vertical geothermal heat exchangers in the ground source heat pump system. Journal of Thermal Science, 12(1), 77–81.
[9] Vyas, Vedant, D.B. Jani. 2016. An overview on application of solar thermal power generation. International Journal of Engineering Research and Allied Sciences 01:1-5.
[10] Jani, D.B., M. Mishra, and P.K.Sahoo. 2016. Performance analysis of hybrid solid desiccant – vapor compression air-conditioning system in hot and humid weather of India. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 37:523–538.
[11] Jani, D.B., M. Mishra, and P.K.Sahoo. 2017. A critical review on solid desiccant based hybrid cooling systems. International Journal of Air-conditioning and Refrigeration 25:1-10.
[12] Jani, D.B., N. Shah, and N. Panchal. 2018. A review on application of desiccant dehumidification – vapor compression hybrid cooling system in hot-humid climates. International Journal of Innovative and Emerging Research in Engineering 5(1):1-5.
[13] Jani, D.B., M. Mishra, and P.K.Sahoo. 2018. Performance analysis of a solid desiccant assisted hybrid space cooling system using TRNSYS. Journal of Building Engineering 19:26-35.
[14] Jani, D.B., M. Mishra, and P.K.Sahoo. 2018. Investigations on effect of operational conditions on performance of solid desiccant based hybrid cooling system in hot and humid climate. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 7:76-86.
[15] Kiran, Bhabhor, D.B. Jani, R.J. Dabhi, D.H. Thakur. 2018. Recent applications of renewable solar energy in desiccant cooling systems – A review. National Conference on Recent Trends in Renewable Energy Application & Research, The Institution of Engineers (India), Gujarat State Centre, Ahmedabad, February 16-17, pp. 1-5.
[16] Jani D.B. 2019. Advances in Liquid Desiccant Integrated Dehumidification and Cooling Systems. American Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 4 (2019), 6-11.
[17] Jani, D.B., M. Mishra, and P.K.Sahoo. 2018. Applications of Solar Energy, Springer, Singapore. Springer Nature, Springer International Publishing.
[18] Dadi, M., Jani D.B. 2019. TRNSYS Simulation of an Evacuated Tube Solar Collector and Parabolic Trough Solar Collector for Hot Climate of Ahmedabad. 3rd International Conference on Advances In Power Generation From Renewable Energy Sources Apgres-2019at: Govt. Engineering College Banswara. pp.188-197.
[19] Hassan, H.Z. and Mohamad, A.A. (2013) A Review on Solar-Powered Closed Physisorption Cooling Systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 2516-2538.
[20] Omajaro, P. and Brektkopf, C. (2013) Direct Expansions Solar Assisted Heat Pumps: A Review of Applications and Recent Research. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 22, 33-45
Download PDF
Ankush Rajabhau Kene, Prof. Ashok R.Mundhada – September 2019 – Page No.: 159-164
Earthquake is a natural calamity that has killed millions of peoples through the ages. Every earthquake leaves a trail of misery because of the loss of life and destruction.
Seismic codes are very important in the designing of multistoried buildings. In order to design an earthquake resistant building, structural engineers must have good knowledge of the various seismic codes. In this study, seismic design provisions in three building codes, IS 1893-2002, 1997 USA (UBC)& Canadian (NRC 2005) are studied. Factors like Importance factor, response reduction factor, seismic zones, soil profile, and Fundamental time period were compared. Recommendations provided by seismic codes help the designer to improve the behavior of structures so that they may withstand the earthquake effects without significant loss. Seismic codes are unique to a particular region or country. They take into account the local seismology, accepted level of seismic risk, properties of available materials, methods used in construction and building typologies.
In this study, a symmetrical G+20 multistoried building was analyzed & designed by computer software Staad Pro using the above mentioned three seismic codes. It was found that the Indian Standard code gave the most economical design whereas the UBC code consumed more steel.
Page(s): 159-164 Date of Publication: 03 October 2019
Department of Civil Engineering, Prof. Ram Meghe Institute of Technology & Research, Badnera-444701, Maharashtra, India
Prof. Ashok R.Mundhada
Department of Civil Engineering, Prof. Ram Meghe Institute of Technology & Research, Badnera-444701, Maharashtra, India
[2]. Dr. S.V. Itti, P. A. (n.d.). A Comparative Study on Seismic Provisions Made in Indian and International Building Code for RC Building.
[3]. P.R.Bose, R. M. (1992). Comparison of Codal Provisions Suggested by Various Countries. University of Roorkee, India, Earthquake Engineering Department. Rotterdam: Earthquake Engineering, Tenth World Conference.International Building Code 2009 (USA).
[4]. IS 1893-2002- Indian Standard, Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Part 1 General Provisions and Buildings.
[5]. Uniform Building Code 1997 (USA)
[6]. National Building Code of Canada (2005), Published by National Research Council of Canada
Download PDF
Dr. V. Venkateswara Rao – September 2019 – Page No.: 165-170
Today, information and communication technology has become the heart of banking sector, which has brought an enormous transformation in the banking industry and made banking services easier, speedy and accessible anytime and anywhere. This has also made the customers well aware of the service level available around the world and thus expects the best from his bank. In this modern customer centric competitive arena, satisfaction and quality prove to be key factors and are interrelated. To strive in a market characterized by global competition, and technological advancements, banks need to be more customer-focused. Any bank that wants to compete in this global industry must offer services that create customer satisfaction. Hence, it is important for banks to understand what affects customer satisfaction and how to optimize service quality as a driver of customer satisfaction. This study made an attempt to compare customer satisfaction of public and private commercial banks with a sample of 500 bank customers by analyzing the item-wise degree of satisfaction of the customers for service quality taking 41 technology related items, grouped into 8 service quality dimensions. One way ANOVA has been applied to ascertain the significance level of the dimensions of service quality. The study showed that, except for satisfaction with Empathy and Reliability dimensions, the performance of private sector commercial banks is better than the public sector commercial banks. Thus, customers‟ satisfaction level of private sector commercial banks in terms of technology based services is higher than that of public sector banks.
Page(s): 165-170 Date of Publication: 04 October 2019
Professor, PACE Institute of Technology & Sciences, Andhra Pradesh, India
[2]. Aurora, S and Malhotra, M. (1997), Customer Satisfaction; A Comparative Analysis of Public and Private Sector Banks. Decision, (January – December), 24(1.4): 109-11.
[3]. Bootwala,I.A.& Gokhru, A.( 2012), “A Study on Customers’ Perception on Services Provided by Banks in the City of Ahmedabad”, Pacific Business Review International, Vol. 5 Issue 5, November 2012.
[4]. Census of India 2011, Govt. of India.
[5]. Cronin, J.J., Jr, Brady, and Hult, T.M. (2000), “Assessing the Effects of Quality Value, Customer Satisfaction on Consumer Behavioral Intensions in Service Environment”, Journal of Retailing, 76 (2), pp. 193 to 218.
[6]. Ghost, S.H.G. & Gnanadhas, M. E. (2011), “Impact of service quality in commercial banks on the customers satisfaction: an empirical study”, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Vol.1 Issue 6, October 2011, ISSN 2231 5780.
[7]. Ghost, S.H.G. & Gnanadhas, M. E. (2011), “Impact of service quality in commercial banks on the customers satisfaction: an empirical study”, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Vol.1 Issue 6, October 2011, ISSN 2231 5780.
[8]. Haidar, M. I & Islam, M.S. (2011), “Determination of Service Quality Factors of Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh”, ASA University Review, Vol. 5 No. 2, July–December, 2011.
[9]. Huei-Chen, H (2007) „A study of factors affecting the success of private label brands in Chinese emarkets‟, Journal of Technology management in China, Vol.2, No.1, pp.38-53.
[10]. ISO 10002 (2004), Quality Management – Customer Satisfaction – Guidelines For Complaints Handling In Organizations.
[11]. Joshi, J. K. Awasthi B. D. and Jinnah, M. M. (2000), “Customers Expectations and level of Satisfaction from the Banking Services: An Empirical Investigation”, Report of the UGC sponsored seminar on Liberalization on Role of Nationalized Banks, 6-7 January, Kumaun University, Nainital, U.P.
[12]. Kaur. Jasveen and KaurBaljit, “Determining Internet Banking Service Quality & Customer Satisfaction in India shows”, Tenth AIMS International Conference on Management, 2013.
[13]. Kotler, P. (2007), “Principles of Marketing”, Pearson Education, 4th Edition, New Delhi.
[14]. Kumbhar, Vijay (2011), “Service Quality Perception and Customers‟‟ Satisfaction in Internet Banking Service: A Case Study of Public and Private Sector Banks”, Cyber Literature: The International Online Journal, Vol. 4, Issue 2, Dec. 2011, ISSN 0972-0901 MPRA Paper No. 36959, Posted 26/02/2012.
[15]. Lau et. al., (2013), “Measuring Service Quality in the Banking Industry: A Hong Kong Based Study”, Contemporary Management Research, Vol. 9, No. 3, September, 2013, pp. 263-282
Download PDF
Thomas Opande, Prof. Daniel Olago, Dr. Simeon Dulo- September 2019 – Page No.: 171-180
Communities in semi-arid areas face multiple climatic and non-climatic risks forcing them to subsequently adopt various response strategies. Research on risk management has typically focused on static, location-specific understanding of risk and response. However, empirical evidence suggest that risks and vulnerability vary across time and space. Increasingly, responses traverse multiple locations and dynamic e.g. people migrate away from their home areas, women move beyond their family homes for a better livelihood. To highlight this complex and dynamic nature of risks and responses, we study livelihood transitions in Kisumu, western Kenya. We unpack risk and response portfolios across scales – household, and levels – and classify them as coping, adaptive and maladaptive.
Our findings show that present responses do not necessarily qualify as climate change adaptation strategies. While certain strategies do improve household wellbeing in the short run, there is relatively lower evidence to suggest an increase in adaptive capacity to deal with future climatic risks.
These findings point to critical gaps in understanding current risk management and will contribute to the climate policy framework especially community adaptation.
Page(s): 171-180 Date of Publication: 06 October 2019
Institute for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Nairobi, Kenya
Prof. Daniel Olago
Institute for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Nairobi, Kenya
Dr. Simeon Dulo
Institute for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Nairobi, Kenya
[2]. Adger, N., Arnell, W., Tompkins, L., 2005. Successful adaptation to climate change across scales. Glob. Environ. Change 15, 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005.
[3]. Ayers, J., Dodman, D., 2010. Climate change adaptation and development I. Prog. Dev. Stud. 10, 161–168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499340901000205.
[4]. Benz, A., 2014. Mobility, multilocality and translocal development: changing livelihoods in the Karakoram. Geogr. Helv. 69, 259–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-69-259-2014.
[5]. Berrang-Ford, L., Ford, J.D., Paterson, J., 2011. Are we adapting to climate change? Glob. Environ. Change 21, 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.09.012.
[6]. Burnham, M., Ma, Z., 2017. Multi-scalar pathways to smallholder adaptation. World Dev. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.08.005.
[7]. Choudhury, P.R., Sindhi, S., 2017. Improving the drought resilience of the small farmer agroecosystem. Econ. Polit. Wkly. 52, 41.
[8]. Cutter, S.L., Finch, C., 2008. Temporal and spatial changes in social vulnerability to natural hazards. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 105, 2301–2306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0710375105.
[9]. Cradock-Henry, N., 2012. Farm-level vulnerability to climate change in the eastern bay of plenty, New Zealand, in the context of multiple stressors. Phd thesis University of Canterbury
[10]. Denton, F., 2002. Climate change vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation: why does gender matter? Gender and Development, pp.10–20
[11]. Eakin, H.C., Lemos, M.C., Nelson, D.R., 2014. Differentiating capacities as a means to sustainable climate change adaptation. Glob. Environ. Change 27, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.013.
[12]. Ellis, F., 2000. Rural Livelihood Diversity in Developing Countries: Evidence and Policy Implications. Overseas Dev. Institute, London. http://hdl.handle.net/10535/4486.
[13]. Fawcett, D., Pearce, T., Ford, J.D., Archer, L., 2017. Operationalizing longitudinal approaches to climate change vulnerability assessment. Glob. Environ. Change 45,79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.05.002.
[14]. Fraser, E.D.G., Dougill, A.J., Hubacek, K., Quinn, C.H., Sendzimir, J., Termansen, M., 2011. Assessing vulnerability to climate change in dryland livelihood systems:conceptual challenges and interdisciplinary solutions. Ecol. Soc. 16, 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-03402-160303.
[15]. Förch, W., Sijmons. K., Mutie, I., Kiplimo, J., Cramer, L., Kristjanson, P., Thornton, P., Radeny, M., Moussa, A. Bhatta, G., 2013. Core Sites in the CCAFS Regions: East Africa, West Africa and South Asia, Version 3. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org
[16]. Gajjar, P., Singh, C., Deshpande, T., 2018. Tracing back to move ahead: a review of development pathways that constrain adaptation futures. Clim. Dev. 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2018.1442793.
[17]. Hesselberg, J., and YARO, J., 2006. An assessment of the extent and causes of food insecurity in northern Ghana using a livelihood vulnerability framework. GeoJournal, 67(1): 41-55.
[18]. IPCC, 2014. Annex II: glossary [Agard, J., E.L.F. Schipper, J. Birkmann, M. Campos, C. Dubeux, Y. Nojiri, L. Olsson, B. Osman-Elasha, M. Pelling, M.J. Prather, M.G.Rivera-Ferre, O.C. Ruppel, A. Sallenger, K.R. Smith, A.L. St Clair, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mastrandrea, and T. Bilir]. In: Barros, V.R. (Ed.), Climate Change 2014: Impacts,Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of theIntergovernmental Panel onClimate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1757–1776.
[19]. Kasperson, R.E., 2017. Risk Conundrums: Solving Unsolvable Problems. Taylor & Francis.
[20]. Krishna, A., 2006. Pathways out of and into poverty in 36 villages of Andhra Pradesh, India. World Dev. 34, 271–288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.08.003.
[21]. Lemma, W., 2016. Analysis of Smallholder Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change: The Case of Western Amhara Region, Ethiopia. PhD thesis, University of South Africa.
[22]. Lemos, M.C., Lo, Y.J., Nelson, D.R., Eakin, H., Bedran-Martins, A.M., 2016. Linkingdevelopment to climate adaptation: leveraging generic and specific capacities toreducevulnerability to drought in NE Brazil. Glob. Environ. Change 39, 170–179.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.001.
[23]. Maconachie, R., 2011. Re‐agrarianising livelihoods in post‐conflict Sierra Leone? Mineral wealth and rural change in artisanal and small‐scale mining communities. Journal of International Development, 23(8): 1054-1067.
[24]. Mango, J., Mideva, A., Osanya, W., Odhiambo, A., 2011. Summary of Baseline Household Survey Results: Lower Nyando, Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya.: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).
[25]. Mortreux, C., Barnett, J., 2017. Adaptive capacity: exploring the research frontier. WIREsClim. Change 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wcc.467.
[26]. Mougou, R., Abou-Hadid, A., Iglesias, A., Medany, M., Nafti, A., Chetali, R., Mansour, M., Eid, H., 2007. Adapting dryland and irrigated cereal farming to climate change in Tunisia and Egypt.’ In Leary, N., Adejuwon, J., Barros, V., Burton, I., Lasco, R. (eds), Adaptation to Climate Change. Earthscan, London, UK
[27]. Nguyen, M.T.N., 2014. Translocalhouseholding: care and migrant livelihoods in a waste-trading community of Vietnam’s Red River Delta. Dev. Change 45,1385–1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dech.12130.
[28]. Obiero, W., 2017. Household Health Responses, the Introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral therapy In Kenya, PhD thesis, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
[29]. Odada, E., Olago, D., Kulindwa, K., Ntiba, M., Wandiga, S., 2004. Mitigation of environmental problems in Lake Victoria, East Africa; Causal chain and policy options analyses. Ambio, (1-2): 13-23.
[30]. Olsson, P., Opondo, M., Tschakert, P., Agrawal, A., Eriksen, S.H., Ma, S., Perch, L.N., Zakieldeen, S.A., 2014. Livelihoods and poverty. In: Climate Change 2014:Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2, pp. 793–832.
[31]. Otto, I.M., Reckien, D., Reyer, C.P.O., Marcus, R., Le Masson, V., Jones, L., Norton, A., Serdeczny, O., 2017. Social vulnerability to climate change: a review of conceptsand evidence. Reg. Environ. Change. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-017-1105-9.
[32]. Pande, R.P., 2003. Selective gender differences in childhood nutrition and immunization in rural India: the role of siblings. Demography 40, 395–418.
[33]. Patnaik, U., Das, P.K., 2017. Do Development interventions confer adaptive capacity? Insights from Rural India. World Dev. 97, 298–312.
[34]. Raburu, P., Okeyo-Owuor, J., Kwena, F., 2012. Community based approaches to the management of Nyando wetlands, Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya. Nyando Wetland Utility Resource Optimization Project, Ref: – AKEN/05/427. KDC-VIRED-UNDP.
[35]. Ravera, F., Martin-Lopez, B., Pascual, U., Drucker, A., 2016. The diversity of gendered adaptation strategies to climate change of Indian farmers: a feminist intersectionalapproach. Ambio 45, 335–351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0833-2.
[36]. Recha, T., Gachene, K., Claessens, L., 2017. Adapting Nyando smallholder farming systems to climate change and variability through modeling. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol.12 (26) pp. 2178-2187
[37]. Ribot, J., 2010. Vulnerability does not fall from the sky: towards multi-scale, pro-poorclimate policy. In: Soc. Dimens. Clim. Chang. Equity Vulnerability a WarmWorld, pp. 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/34/342040.
[38]. Sen, A., 1981. Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation. Oxford University Press.
[39]. Sietz, D., Lüdeke, M.K.B., Walther, C., 2011. Categorisation of typical vulnerability patterns in global drylands. Glob. Environ. Change 21,431–440.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.11.005.
[40]. Singh, C., Rahman, A., Srinivas, A., Bazaz, A., 2018. Risks and responses in rural India: Implications for local climate change adaptation action. Elsevier journal, Climate Risk Management21 (2018) 52-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2018.06.001
[41]. Singh, C., 2018a. Using life histories to understand temporal vulnerability to climate change in highly dynamic contexts. SAGE Res. Methods Cases. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526440358.
[42]. Singh, C., 2018b. Is participatory watershed development building local adaptive capacity? Findings from a case study in Rajasthan, India. Environ. Dev. 25, 43–58.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2017.11.004.
[43]. Singh, C., Basu, R., Srinivas, 2016a. Livelihood Vulnerability and Adaptation in Kolar District, Karnataka, India: Mapping Risks and Responses. Cape Town, SouthAfrica, 6 pp.http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/138/South_Asia/Reports/Kolar%20Focus%20Group%20Discussions%20-%20Short%20Report%20-%20July%202016.pdf.
[44]. Singh, C., Dorward, P., Osbahr, H., 2016b. Developing a holistic approach to the analysis of farmer decision-making: implications for adaptation policy and practice indeveloping countries. Land Use Policy 59, 329–343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.06.041.
[45]. Singh, C., Gajjar, S.P., Deshpande, T., 2016c. Policies, Projects and People: Exploring the Adaptation-development Spectrum in India. CARIAA Working Paper 2, IDRC,Ottawa, Canada. http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/138/South_Asia/Reports/Kolar%20Focus%20Group%20Discussions%20-%20Short%20Report%20-%20July%202016.pdf.
[46]. Singh, C., Deshpande, T., Basu, R., 2017a. How do we assess vulnerability to climate change in India? A systematic review of literature. Reg. Environ. Change 17.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-016-1043-y.
[47]. Singh, C., Michael, K., Bazaz, A., Basu, R., Srinivas, A., Kaur, H., 2017b. Barriers and Enablers to Climate Adaptation: Evidence from Rural and Urban India. http://www.assar.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/138/South_Asia/Barriers%20and%20enablers%20to%20climate%20adaptation%20in%20India%20-%20March%202017.pdf.
[48]. Smit, B., Wandel, J., 2006. Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Glob. Environ. Change 16, 282–292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.03.008.
[49]. Stringer, L.C., Reed, M.S., Fleskens, L., Thomas, R.J., Le, Q.B., Lala-Pritchard, T., 2017. A new dryland development paradigm grounded in empirical analysis ofdryland systems science. Land Degrad. Dev. 28, 1952–1961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2716.
[50]. Taylor, M., 2013. Climate change, relational vulnerability and human security: rethinking sustainable adaptation in agrarian environments. Clim. Dev. 5, 318–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2013.830954.
[51]. Thornton, P.K., van de Steeg, J., Notenbaert, A., Herrero, M., 2009. The impacts of climate change on livestock and livestock systems in developing countries: a reviewof what we know and what we need to know. Agric. Syst. 101, 113–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2009.05.002.
[52]. Tschakert, P., van Oort, B., St. Clair, A.L., LaMadrid, A., 2013. Inequality and transformation analyses: a complementary lens for addressing vulnerability to climatechange. Clim. Dev. 5, 340–350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2013.828583.
[53]. Tucker, J., Daoud, M., Oates, N., Few, R., Conway, D., Mtisi, S., Matheson, S., 2015. Social vulnerability in three high-poverty climate change hot spots: what does theclimate change literature tell us? Reg. Environ. Change 15, 783–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0741-6.
Download PDF
Deborah Tosin Fajobi, Damilola Toluse Ajibesin, Olasupo Oladiran Tayo- September 2019 – Page No.: 181-183
This study examines the impact of transportation and road network services on the productivity of food industries in Nigeria. Using Cobb-Douglas results shows that transportation(days to clear customs for imports) increase productivity by 0.01percent and also shipment losses (fraction of sales lost) due to breakage, theft, spoilage or other deficiencies of the transport mean reduces productivity of the food industry with 0.01 percent. The Total Factor Productivity (TFP) was estimated as the residual of the Cobb-Douglas function fitted with and without transportation..
Page(s): 181-183 Date of Publication: 07 October 2019
Department of Agricultural Economics, Open and Distance learning Centre, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Damilola Toluse Ajibesin
Department of Agricultural Economics, Open and Distance learning Centre, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Olasupo Oladiran Tayo
Department of Agricultural Economics, Open and Distance learning Centre, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
[2]. Barrister & Berechinan, (2001). Transport investment and the promotion of economic growth. Journal of Transport Geography: 209 -218
[3]. Antle, J.M.,(1983). Infrastructure and Aggregate Agricultural productivity International Evidence, Economic Development and Cultural Change 31(2):609 – 620
[4]. Easterly, W., & Rebelo, S. (1993). Fiscal Policy and economic growth an empirical investigation. Journal of Monetary Economics 32(3) December: 417 – 458
[5]. Baffes, J., & A. Shah, (1993). Productivity of public spending, sectoral allocation choices and economic growth. Policy Research working paper series, No 1178, Washington D.C : The World bank
[6]. Fernald, J. (1999). Roads to prosperity? ‘Assessing the link between public capital and productivity. American Economic Review, 89 (3), 619-638
[7]. Canning, D. & Bennathan E. (2000). The social rate of Return to infrastructure investment. Policy Research Working Paper No 2390. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
[8]. Boopen, S., (2006). Transport infrastructure and Economic growth: Evidence from Africa using Dynamic panel Estimates. The Empirical Economic Letters, 5(1): ISSN 1681 8997
[9]. Gibbons, S. and Overman, H. G., (2009). “Productivity in transport evaluation studies”, Report for Department of Transport, London.
[10]. Holl, A. (2006). “A review of the firm-level role of transport infrastructure with implications for transport project evaluation”, Journal of Planning Literature 21 (1): 3-14. Kano –Nigeria.
[11]. Gibbons, S. and Machin, S, (2006). “Transport and Labour Market Linkages: Empirical evidence, implications for policy and scope for further research”. Background paper for the Eddington report to the Department of Transport
[12]. Ajagbe, F.A. &Ajetomobi, J.O. (2015). Impact of Investment Climate on Total Factor Productivity of Food Industries in Nigeria AERC Research Paper
Download PDF
Sundeep Kumar Verma, Dr Krishna Shetty- September 2019 – Page No.: 184-189
The role of on line training has seen tremendous growth in recent times and shows an upward movement into establishing relationships between satisfaction level of employees and training modules applied for increasing the skill levels.
This study explores the role of online training in enhancing the skill level of employees in logistics industry.
The key variables were tested for understanding the impact through Regression techniques and show the results for positive outcomes. The logistics industry which largely depends on manual intervention and manpower skills directly influences its growth in overall progress.
The key outcomes would definitely help the top management to consider suitable and required training modules for their employees to strengthen their company and its future growth.
Page(s): 184-189 Date of Publication: 07 October 2019
Research Scholar, Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India
Dr Krishna Shetty
Research Guide, Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India
[2]. PHD Chamber and European Business and Technology Centre (EBTC), Multimodal Logistics In India: An Assessment Knowledge Paper,2013
[3]. Adding Wheels – Investing In the Indian Transportation & Logistics Industry, KPMGCII report, 2010
[4]. Logistics Sector: Present situation and way forward, Deloitte and Indian Chamber of Commerce, January 2012
[5]. Logistics game changers: Transforming India’s logistics industry, KPMG, 2013
[6]. The changing face of retail: The store of the future 2013,www.deloitte.com,
[7]. Aya Okada and N.S. Siddharthan, Industrial Clusters in India: Evidence from Automobile Clusters in Chennai and the National Capital Region , Discussion Paper No. 103, Institute of Developing Economies, April 2007
[8]. Agility Emerging Markets Logistics Index 2013, A detailed ranking and analysis of the world’s major developing logistics markets, January 2013, Agility
[9]. 2013 Third-Party Logistics Study, Capgemini Consulting, Penn State, Panalpina Group
[10]. Auto Industry: India in the changing world order, 2012 KPMG
Download PDF
Ikechukwu I. Weleh and Friday Saronee- September 2019 – Page No.: 190-194
This study evaluated the effect of hydromethanolic leaf extract of Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius (C.A) (euphorbiaceae) on body weight, some liver enzymes and histology in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Wistar rats. Thirty-six wistar rats of both sexes with an average weight of 230g were divided into six groups of 6 rats each. The rats were fasted for 12 hours and diabetes induced intraperitoneally using 60mg/kg-l b.w of STZ. Group l: Untreated non-diabetic, Group 2 received 10mg of glibenclamide, Group 3: Untreated diabetic, served as the positive control. Groups 4, 5 and 6 were treated with 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg b.w of the extract respectively. On day 29, the animals were anesthetized using chloroform and sacrificed. The body weight of animals was determined using an electric weighting balance and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for the determination of some liver enzymes, while the liver were collected and fixed in 10% formalin for histological studies. Results show that the extract significantly increase the body weight of experimental animals in a dose dependent manner in the test groups (p<0.05). There was also a significant increase in liver enzymes in groups 4, 5 and 6 compared to Groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Histological studies show some levels of degenerations in the tissues of the liver. Result suggest that C.A could encourage weight gain but have adverse effect on the liver as seen in the elevated serum liver enzymes supported by the histological studies.
Page(s): 190-194 Date of Publication: 08 October 2019
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Friday Saronee
Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
[2]. Phu, T., frank H., (2007). Social dynamics of obesity. Economic inquiry. 45(3):571-591.
[3]. World Health Organization (WHO) (2008). Diabetes Fact Sheet. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/.Accessed 15/03/2018.
[4]. Godfrey, R., Julien, M., (2005). Urbanisation and health. Clinical Medicine (Lond).5(2):137-141.
[5]. Arjomand, M. and Eshagh, H., (2005). Diseases of the liver and biliary tract. Harrison Principles of Internal Medicine, 13(9): 134 -163
[6]. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) (2014). Diabetes Atlas. Sixth Edition Update. www.idf.org/diabetesatlas. Accessed 15/03/2018.
[7]. Grundy, S. M., Ahrens, E.H. Jr; Davignon, J., (1969).The interaction of cholesterol absorption and cholesterol synthesis in man. Journal of Lipid Research.10 (3):304-315.
[8]. Wallach, J.B., (2007). Interpretation of diagnostic tests. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 23(5):67-89.
[9]. Yaghoobi, N., Al-Waili, N., Ghayour-Mobarhan, M., Parizadeh, S.M.R., Abasalti, Z., Yaghoobi, Z., Saloom, K.Y., (2008). Natural honey and cardiovascular risk factors; effects on blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerole, CRP, and body weight compared with sucrose. The scientific world journal. 8:463-469.
[10]. Iwuji, S., Nwafor A. N., (2014). Antihyperglyceamic efficacy of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius compared with glibenclamide in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Wista rats. International Research Journal of Medical Sciences. 2(3) 1-4.
[11]. Awoyinka, A.O., Balogun, I.O., Ogunnowo, A.A., (2007). Phytochemical screening and in vitro bioactivity of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Euphorbiaceae). Journal of Medical Plant Research. 1(3): 063-065.
[12]. . Institute for Laboratory and Animal Research (1996). Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. Seventh Edition. National Academies press. Washington DC, USA.
[13]. Stanely Mainzen Prince, P., Menon, V. P., (2001). Antioxidant action of Tinospora cordifolia root extract in alloxan diabetic rats. Phytotherapy Research.15 (3):213-218.
[14]. Joo, C.N.; Cho, Y.N. and Kwon, H.Y., (1978).Effect of Ginseng Saponin on Bacterial Cell Growth. Korean Biochemistry Journal. 11(2): 113-125.
[15]. Davem, T.L. and Scharschmidt, B.F., (2002).Biochemical Liver Function Tests. In: Feldman, M., L.C. Friedman and M.H. Sleisenger (eds) Sleisenger and Fordtrans’ Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. Elsevier Science, California.
[16]. Benjamin, M.N., (1978). Outline of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, University Press, Iowa, USA. Pp. 229-232.
Download PDF
Seimogha Rita Matthew Odou, Richard ANIETIE- September 2019 – Page No.: 195-201
This study is on Secondary Education Funding Strategies for Educational Goals Achievement. The significance of this study is that the study will equip school administrators with the strategies to fund secondary education. Two research questions and hypotheses guided the study. A research questionnaire tagged “School Funding Strategies Questionnaire (SFSQ). And a Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the reliability coefficient of 0.72 which was reliable. Among the 286 population of principals in public senior secondary schools from the 166 principals were randomly selected as sample through a stratified random sampling technique. 166 questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The study identified 5 sources of funding and 5 challenges of funding secondary education. It concludes that the evaluations of funding strategies is necessary for effective and efficient school funding in order to achieve secondary educational goals achievement hence recommends that educational financiers, ranging from external to internal sources of fund particularly those fund raised in school which can be in form allied school business should be used with a view of harnessing them to curb challenges arising from school funding.
Page(s): 195-201 Date of Publication: 09 October 2019
School of Graduate Studies, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Nigeria
Richard ANIETIE
College of Graduate Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
[2]. Adams, R.A. (2004), public sector accounting and finance made simple; 3rd Edition.
[3]. Adesua A(1981). “Education Finance in Nigeria” in Introduction to Educational Planning. Adesina S. (ed) Ile-Ife, University of Ife Press.
[4]. Adeyemi, T.O. (2011). Financing of Education in Nigeria: An analytical review. Am. J. Soc. and Manage Sci. 2(3):295-303. Retrieved on 06/05/2013 from http://www.scihub.org/AJSMS.
[5]. Adeyemo B (2000). Public school funding: The case of community mobilization and effective management. Journal of Educational Development. 1(2): 27-30.
[6]. Agbobu, G. (1982). Monograph on economics of education. Benin: Department of Educational Administration and Foundations, University of Benin Nigeria, 1-2.
[7]. Akinkunle O. A. (1985). Funding Higher Education in Nigeria: A Pragmatic Proposal for the Polytechnic, Ibadan, (a working paper: No. 1006 prepared for the Governing Board, January 1985).
[8]. Akinkunle O. A. (1986). Funding The Polytechnic, Ibadan: The way out of the woods (A Memorandum submitted to the Government Visitation Panel to the Polytechnic, Ibadan on 24th February 1986).
[9]. Anreder, S.S (1987). Corporate finance. New York: Alexander Hamilton institute Inc.
[10]. Awoyemi, E.O. (2005). A guide to government accounting and internal audit. Ibadan: Onibonoje Press.
[11]. Corbally, J. E Jr. (1962) School finance, Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Inc.
[12]. Ebong, J.M (2013) school finance management. in J.D Asodike, J.M Ebong, S.O Oluwuo & N.M. Abraham (eds): contemporary administrative teaching issues in Nigerian Schools. 201-205. Owerri: Alphabet Nigeria Publishers.
[13]. Edem, D.A (2001). Introduction to educational administration in Nigeria. Ibadan; Spectrum Books Ltd.
[14]. Eicher, J. (1966). The financial crises in the educational system. In F. Caillods (ed.). The prospects of educational planning: a workshop organized by IIEP on the occasion of its 25th Aniversary. Paris: UNESCO/IIEP.
[15]. E I U Business Newsletter (1996). Debt arrears escalate. The economic intelligence unit limited on CD-Rom 19960316, April. Record Number 7 of 11.
[16]. Eaton, T.V. & Nofsinger, J. R. (2000), “The new and relocating finance faculty market: factors affecting job selection.”Financial Practice and Education 10, 99- 110.
[17]. Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004). National policy on Education (4th ed.). Lagos: NERDC Press.
[18]. Federal Ministry of Information (2000). Financial deregulations (revised).
[19]. Hallak, J. (1969). The analysis of education costs and expenditure fundamentals of educational planning Paris: UNESCO/International Institute for Educational Planning: IIEP, p. 20.
[20]. Hinchliffe, K. (1989). Federation and educational finance: primary schooling in Nigeria. International Journal ofEducational Development .9, 233-242.
[21]. London, N. A (1993).Why education projects in developing countries fail: A case study. International Journal ofEducational Development 13, (3), 265-275.
[22]. Maiyashi, T. (2003). Good education funding necessary for economic growth. Lagos: Vanguard Education & Manpower, 19 (5167) Thursday, January 9, 29-30.
[23]. McGinn, N, Schiefelbein, E, & Warwick, D (1979). Educational Planning as Political Process: Two Case Studies from Latin America Comparative Education Review.23, 218.
[24]. Mingat, A. & Tan, Jee-Peng (1986). Financing public higher education in developing countries: The potential role of loan schemes” Higher Education 15; 60, 283 – 297
[25]. Mestry, R. (2004) . Financial accountability: the principal and school governing body. South Africa ournal of education, 24:126-134.
[26]. Mestry, R, Bisschoff, T. (2009). Financing school management explained (3rds edition). Cape Town: Pearson.
[27]. Mngoma, S.S.I. (2009). Decentralized financial management in south African Schools: Durban: University of Kwasulu-Natal.
[28]. Obasi, N.O, Juliana, A. (2007). Resource management in Nigerian schools. Owerri; Alphabet Nigeria Publishers.
[29]. Gowon, Y (2005). Gowon decries misuse of funds; rot in education sector. The Guardian, Thursday March, 17 p.17.
[30]. Jaja, S.O (2014), funding public education: the case of education maintenance in senior secondary schools in rivers state. Unpublished Masters Research Seminar. Port Harcourt: University of Port Harcourt.
[31]. Madumere-Obike, C.U & Afangideh, S.T (2003). Deregulating the funding and supervision of secondary education for quality assurance in the South-South zone of Nigeria. Paper presented at the 2008 annual congress of the Nigerian Academy of education held at Princess Alenxandra Auditorium, University of Nigeria, Nzukka.
[32]. Meenyinikor, J.N.D, Nyeche, K, Julia, C. (2014). Classroom teaching costs management and secondary education goals achievement in Rivers State, Nigeria. Global Advanced Research Journals. Vol. 3(6) pp. 131-137,
[33]. Nnabuo, P.O.M (2003). Strategies for improved eduction funding in Nigeria. In A.L Ndu, O.L Ocho & B.S Okeke (Eds.). Dynamics of educational administration and management: The Nigerian Perspective. 179-185. Awka: Meks Publishers.
[34]. Nwakudu, G.N (2014). Basic concepts in financial management. In Obasi, F.N & Asodike, D.A (Eds). Edicational resources management. 153-167. Port Harcourt; Parle Publishers.
[35]. Okojie, J.A (2010). System and strategies for funding Nigerian Universities. Retrieved from http://www.naps.org.ng/index
[36]. Olayiwola, S. (2010). Alternative model of funding for academic research in Nigerian Universities. Higher Education Quarterly, 64(2): 149-160.
[37]. Okorosaya-Orubite, A.K (2003). The financing of higher education in Nigeria. In S.B. Nwideeduh (Ed.). trends and issues in managing Universities in Nigeria. Owerri: Springfield Publishers Ltd.
[38]. Ogbodo, C.M. (2004), financing education in Nigeria. In V.F. peretomode (ed.). Introduction to educational administration planning and supervision. 93-107. Lagos: Joja educational research and publishers Ltd.
[39]. Olawepo G. (2001) Education sector under funded during the Military Era” Lagos: The Saturday Punch, Lagos: The Punch Newspapers, 17, (1084), December 15; 5.
[40]. Omotade, D. (2004) “Nigeria’s economy grew by 5% in 2003”, Lagos: The Punch 17 (19, 146) Friday, August 13, p.6
[41]. Onifade, A. (2003) ‘The Funding Problem’, Vanguard education & manpower 19 (5167) Thursday, January16, 27- 29.
[42]. Parsuramen, A. (2003). Education must get proper funding in Africa. Lagos: Vanguard Education and Manpower 19 (5167), Thursday, January 9, P. 27.
[43]. Paudley, I.M. (1995). Financial management, New Delhi: Vikas publishing house PVT limited.
[44]. Shina O. (2012). Alternative Perspective to Funding Public Universities in Nigeria, sustainable Development.
[45]. Ukeje BO (2002). Financing education in Nigeria. The Nigerian Social Scientist, 5(1): 31-48.
[46]. Umar, B. Adola, I. (2001). Senate passes UBE Bill. ThisDay, June 12.
[47]. Taiwo, S.C. (2012). Financing University Education in Nigeria: Implications for Staff and Students’ Management in the South West Geo-political Zone. J. Educ. and Pol. Rev. 4: 19–30. Retrieved June 8, 2013 from http://www.cenresinpub.org/pub2/Financing%20University%2 0Education%20in%20Nigeria.pdf
[48]. Taggert, R. A. (2003), “Passages in academic life and the field of finance.”Journal of Applied Finance 13, Spring/Summer; 72-76.
[49]. Thorniley, T. (2003) ‘Fees go up a class” The Comet, 4 (1272) Thursday, January 9 p. 21.
[50]. Tilak, J.B.C. (1988) “Cost of education in India” International Journal of Educational Development 8, 25-42.
[51]. Urwick, .J. (1993).The public costs of primary schools: Case studies from Nigeria. Compare 23, (1), 71.
[52]. World Bank (2010). Financing higher education in Africa. Washington, D.C: The World Bank.
[53]. Woodhall, M. (1987) “Cost analysis in education” Economics of Education: Research and Studies (ed) George Psacharopoulos. The World Bank, Washington DC. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 393-394.
Download PDF
H.A Bodinga, Nura Abubakar, Shehu Sidi, A.S Yakubu, Adamu Abdul Abubakar- September 2019 – Page No.: 202-204
A one week old male oudah lamb was presented at the large animal unit of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Usmanu Danfodiyo University; Sokoto with complaints of distended abdomen and in ability to defecate. Type1 Atresia ani was diagnosed on physical examination. Emergency surgery was carried out following local anaesthesia at the perennial region. Blind rectal pouch was incised and sutured to the skin (rectopexy) using nylon size 2/0. Postoperative antibiotic and analgesic were administered intramuscularly for 5 days. The sutures were removed 2 weeks post-operative. The lamb recovered fully without any complication. Surgical reconstruction is the only course of action for congenital atresia ani in newborn animals.
Page(s): 202-204 Date of Publication: 11 October 2019
Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Nura Abubakar
Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Shehu Sidi
Department of Theriogenology & Animal Production, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
A.S Yakubu
Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Adamu Abdul Abubakar
Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
[2]. Noden, D.M and Lahunta, A (1985). The embryology of domestic animals, developmental mechanisms and malformations, Williams & Wilkins, London; 306-315
[3]. Kilic N, Sarierler M. Congenital Intestinal Atresia in Calves (2004; 61 Cases (1999–2003).Revue de Medicine Veterinaire. 155(7):381-384
[4]. Bademkiran S, Icen H, Kurt D. Congenital rectovaginal fistula with atresia ani in a heifer: A case report. YuzuncuYilUniversitesiVeterinerFakultesiDergisi. 2009; 20(1):61-64
[5]. Rahman MM, Khan MSI, Biswas D, Sutradhar B.C, Saifuddin A.K.M (2006). Pygomelia or supernumerary limbs in a crossbred calf. J Vet Sci 7(3), 303–305
[6]. Bademkıran S (2008). Bir Buzağıda Kaudal Agenezis Olgusu. FÜ SağBilEnstDerg, (Veteriner) 22 (5), 303 – 305
[7]. Rahal SC, Vicente CS, Mortari AC et al. (2007). Rectovaginal fistula with anal atresia in 5 dogs.Can Vet J; 48: 827–830
[8]. Simon S, Justin William MB, Rao G et al., (2010).Congenital Malformations in ruminants and its surgical management. Veterinary World, 3(3): 118-119
[9]. Kumar H, Sharma A.K, Dass L.L et al., (2009). Atresia ani with scrotal anomaly in a Goat. Veterinary World, 2(2): 68.
[10]. Oehme, F.W and Prier, J.E (1974). Textbook of large animal surgery. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, U.S.A, 447-448.
[11]. Singh, A.P. (1989). Congenital malformation in ruminants- a review of 123 cases.Indian Veterinaryjournal 66:981-985
[12]. Mallesh P, Sampath K, Raju G (2017) Successful management of atresia ANI (congenital defect) in non-descript calf: A case report. The Pharma Innovation 6(7): 337-338
[13]. Leipold, H.W, Dennis S.M, Huston K (1971). Congenital defects of cattle: Nature, cause, and effect. Advances in Veterinary Science and Comparative Medicine 16:103-150
[14]. Hossain, M.B. Hashim M. A. Hossain M.A Sabrin, M.S. (2014).Prevalence of atresia ani in newborn calve and their surgical management. Bangl. J. Vet. Med.12 (1): 41-45
[15]. Remi-Ademuni B.D, Fale, M.S.,Usman, B., Lawal, M. (2007).Retrospective study of atresia anicases presented at Ahmadu Bello university Zaria, Nigeria.NVJ.28(1):48-56
Surgical Management of Type 1 Atresia Ani in Newborn Lamb” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.6 issue 9, pp.202-204 September 2019 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrsi/digital-library/volume-6-issue-9/202-204.pdf
Download PDF
Sundeep Kumar Verma- September 2019 – Page No.: 205-211
Most companies nowadays are focusing more on skill enhancement in order to increase their productivity and there are several measures adopted by them in this process. Since logistic companies are vastly dependent on timely execution of their operations for greater productivity, their manpower involved in the processes need to be strengthened by providing effective training capsules and keeping them updated about the latest developments in the industry.
The study explores the cause root and how companies overcome the challenges, as employee workload management and satisfaction levels become the reflector variables. This has been examined in the regression approach as to how training modules help in overall workload management and end results with greater satisfaction among the employees in logistic companies.
This study will help the T&D department to establish a relationship between the training needs and growth management through workload management and satisfaction among the employees.
Page(s): 205-211 Date of Publication: 11 October 2019
Research Scholar , Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India
[2]. Bagozzi, R. P. (2007). The legacy of the technology acceptance model and a proposal for a paradigm shift. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 8(4), 244–254.
[3]. Bask, A. H., &Juga, J. (2001). Semi-integrated supply chains: Toward the new era of supply chain management. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 4(2), 137–152.
[4]. klavdIjlOGOžar: the specIfIcs Of supply chaININteGratIONwIth small aNdmedIum-sIzedeNterprIses
[5]. Boddy, D., Cahill, C., Charles, M., Fraser-Kraus, H., & Macbeth, D. K. (1998). Success and failure in implementing supply chain partnering: An empirical study. European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 4(2–3), 143–151.
[6]. Brown, S. A., Dennis, A. R., &Venkatesh, V. (2010). Predicting collaboration technology use: Integrating technology adoption and collaboration research. Journal of Management Information Systems, 27(2), 9–54.
[7]. Buonanno, G., Faverio, P., Pigni, F., Ravarini, A., Sciuto, D., &Tagliavini, M. (2005). Factors affecting ERP system adoption: A comparative analysis between SMEs and large companies. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 18(4), 384–426.
[8]. Butler, M., Jones, T., Charlesworth, I., Hamilton, L., Holden, J., Holt, M., … Jennings, T. (2002). EAI and web Services: Cutting the cost of enterprise integration. Technology evaluation and comparison report. Hull, Yorkshire, UK: Butler Group Limited.
[9]. Cassivi, L. (2006). Collaboration planning in a supply chain. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 11(3), 249–258.
[10]. Chan, F. T. S., Chong, A. Y.-L., & Zhou, L. (2012). An empirical investigation of factors affecting e-collaboration diffusion in SMEs. International Journal of Production Economics, 138(2), 329–344.
[11]. Chang, H. H., & Wong, K. H. (2010). Adoption of e-procurement and participation of e-marketplace on firm performance: Trust as a moderator. Information & Management, 47(5–6), 262–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2010.05.002
[12]. Chen, H., Themistocleous, M., Chiu, K.-H. (2003). Interorganisational application integration: The case of 15 of Taiwan’s SMEs. Proceedings of ISOneWorld Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
[13]. Chong, A. Y.-L., Ooi, K.-B., Lin, B., & Raman, M. (2009). Factors affecting the adoption level of c-commerce: An empirical study. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 50(2), 13–22.
[14]. Chong, A. Y.-L., Ooi, K.-B., Lin, B., & Tang, S. Y. (2009). Influence of interorganizational relationships on SMEs’ e-business adoption. Internet Research, 19(3), 313–331.
[15]. Chong, A. Y.-L., Ooi, K.-B., &Sohal, A. (2009). The relationship between supply chain factors and adoption of e-collaboration tools: An empirical examination. International Journal of Production Economics, 122(1), 150–160.
[16]. Cohen, S., &Roussel, J. (2005). Strategic supply chain management: The five disciplines for top performance. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
[17]. Cox, A., Watson, G., Lonsdale, C., & Sanderson, J. (2004). Managing appropriately in power regimes: Relationship and performance management in 12 supply chain cases. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 9(5), 357–371.
[18]. Daniel, E. (2003). An exploration of the inside-out model: E-commerce integration in UK SMEs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 10(3), 233–249.
[19]. Das, A., Narasimhan, R., &Talluri, S. (2006). Supplier integration—Finding an optimal configuration. Journal of Operations Management, 24(5), 563–582.
[20]. Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340.
[21]. Essig, M., & Arnold, U. (2001). Electronic procurement in supply chain management: An information economics-based analysis of electronic markets. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 37(4), 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-493X.2001.tb00112.x
Download PDF
Kimani Chege Gabriel- September 2019 – Page No.: 212-216
Exploratory factor analysis is widely applied by psychometricians and other behavioural science researchers in complex studies involving numerous variables and factors. A variable might be related to more than one factor and therefore a psychometrician should consider this possibility when deciding about how many factors will be considered when analysing the data. The rotation of factors is used to get more interpretable and simplified solutions from the factor extraction results by maximising high item loadings and minimising low item loadings. Rotation helps to deal with data sets where there are large numbers of observed variables that are thought to reflect a smaller number of underlying/latent variables. It is one of the most commonly used inter-dependency techniques and is used when the relevant set of variables shows a systematic inter-dependence and the objective is to find out the latent factors that create a commonality. However, practitioners and researchers often make questionable decisions when conducting these analyses, especially in the choice of the rotation method from among the two; orthogonal and oblique. This paper therefore sought to examine exploratory factor analysis and its relevant protocol, discusses the two factor rotation methods, the operational differences and the parsimoneity of outputs, eigenvectors which are usually at the center of rotation as well as a guide for practitioners in deciding between orthogonal and oblique rotation. Finally the paper gives a parting short in the conclusion section. It is hoped that the paper will present useful insights for practitioners’ use.
Page(s): 212-216 Date of Publication: 12 October 2019
Moi University – Kenya
[2]. Bryant, F. B., & Yarnold, P. R. (1995). ‘Principal-components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.’ In L. G. Grimm & P. R. Yarnold (Eds.), Reading and understanding multivariate statistics (pp. 99-136). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
[3]. Fabrigar, L. R, Duane, T. W., Robert, C. M. & Erin, J. S. (1999). Evaluating the Use of Exploratory Factor Analysis in Psychological Research. In Psychological Methods,4(3), 272-299
[4]. Gorsuch, R. L. (1983). Factor analysis (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
[5]. Kline, P. (2002). An easy guide to factor analysis. London: Routledge.
[6]. Osborne, J. W. (2015).What is Rotating in Exploratory Factor Analysis? Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 20(2).
[7]. Rummel, R.J. (1970). Applied factor analysis. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press
[8]. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
[9]. Thurstone, L. L. (1947). Multiple factor analysis: A development and expansion of vectors of the mind. Chicago: University of Chicago.
[10]. Warne, R. T.&Larsen, R. (2014). ‘Evaluating a proposed modification of the Guttman rule for determining the number of factors in an exploratory factor analyses. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling. 56: 104–123.
[11]. Yong, A. G. & Sean, P. (2013). ‘A Beginner’s Guide to Factor Analysis: Focusing on Exploratory Factor Analysis.’ In Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 9(2), 79-94.
Download PDF
Okunola Solomon Olufemi- September 2019 – Page No.: 217-220
The research work investigated the determinants of credit access by rural farming households in Akinyele Local Government Area Oyo state. The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistics. In the study area, most respondents were literates especially those in the peri-urban parts of the Local Government Area. This set had access to different forms of credit although nongovernmental, as against their rural counterparts where a lot did not have access. Different collateral items used involved certificates, building and vehicle particulars including their salaries. Creditors closely monitored debtors to ensure recovery of funds.Inferential analysis shows that sex, experience, labour and contact with monitoring and extension officials were the main factors affecting access to credit in the study area.
Page(s): 217-220 Date of Publication: 12 October 2019
Department of Agricultural Economics, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
[2]. Amaza, P.S. (2000). Resource use efficiency in food crop production in Gombe state, Nigeria (Doctoral dissertation). University of Ibadan.Pp.12-15.
[3]. IFAD 2001: Rural Poverty report 2001. The Challenge of Ending Rural Poverty. Oxford University press
[4]. Ijere, M.O (1998). Role of Government in Credit Administration.Proceedings of Agricultural Finance, Longman, Lagos.1998; 10-15.
[5]. Kolade, K.B, Fakoya, E.O (2011). Impact of farm credit on farmers’ socio-economic status in Ogun State, Nigeria.Journal of Social Science. 2011; 26 (1):67–71.
[6]. NAERLS (1992) Sources and Methods of Obtaining Agricultural Loans.Extension Guide No. 153 Co-operative Series No. 5.Agricultural Extension and Research Liaison Services.
[7]. Okoro FN, Nwali NI (2017) Agricultural Funding and Challenges of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. Arabian Journal of Bus Management Review 7: 328
[8]. Sanusi LS (2011) Financing Options for Agricultural and Rural Development in sub-saharan Africa”. A paper presented at the 4th African Rural and Agricultural Credit Association Conference in Abuja.
[9]. Udoh, E.J (2000). Land management and resource-use efficiency among farmers in South Eastern Nigeria.Unpublished PhD thesis in the Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan.
[10]. World Bank (WB) (2008). World Development Report. Agriculture for Development, Washington, DC
Download PDF
Enyinna Gregory. C- September 2019 – Page No.: 221-229
The disasters associated with groundwater contamination in relation human health hazards are subjective to proper scientific investigation so as to proffer solution through construction of sustainable groundwater source protection zone. Groundwater quality was investigated through sampling of 24 water samples from boreholes in 12 local government areas in Abia state under standard quality assurance for rainy season and dry season samples and laboratory analysis using membrane filtration technique for microbial analysis where 100ml of sample were filtered under vacuum on sterilized Nitrocellulose filter of pore size of 0.45mm with the help of filtration rack and Nitrate was determined by Cadmium reduction method using HI83200 multiparameter bench photometer at a wavelength of 525nm. The results were compared with WHO standard on the graph to show the extent of contamination and graphs showed that 9 samples had total vibrio contamination. 12 samples had contaminated total salmonella contamination, 11 samples had total fecal contamination, 11 samples were had total E coli contamination, and 5 samples had nitrate contamination for rainy season. Dry season samples has 9 contaminated samples of total vibrio count, 9 contaminated samples of total salmonella count, 11 contaminated samples of total fecal count, and 11 contaminated samples of total E coli count and 7 contaminated samples of Nitrate contamination. The variation in results was due to fluctuated increase in rainfall frequency during dry season. Based on the literatures that specified the human health effects of these contaminations I developed Pre-plan and Post- plan in addition to the concept of groundwater protection zone for the sustainability of the concept in Nigeria which will serve as a panacea to disastrous pollution and contamination of groundwater with the damaging health impacts of high morbidity and mortality rate.
Page(s): 221-229 Date of Publication: 12 October 2019
Chair of Environmental Geology, Environmental Resources Management, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus Seftenberg, Germany/ Department of Project Management Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria
[2]. Balke, K.D., Beims, U., Heers, F.W., Hoelting, B., Homrighausen, R., Matthess, G., (2000). Groundwater Development. Berlin-Stuttgart, p.740 (in German).
[3]. Balke, K.D., Griebler, C., (2003). Groundwater Use andGroundwater Protection. In: Griebler, C., Mösslacher, F.(Eds.), Groundwater Ecology. ISBN 3-8252-2111-3, Facultas UTB, Wien, p.495 (in German).
[4]. Christiana.N.E., Amobichukwu. C.A (2014) Groundwater contamination in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria, US national library of medicine national institute of health, Springer plus V.3, 2014 .PMC4447718.
[5]. Gustafson, D. I., (1993) Pesticides in Drinking Water, Van Hostrand Reinhold, New York, p. 241.
[6]. Maria.R.J (2001) Groundwater protection zone for public water supply in Portugal, workshop on the protection of groundwater used as a source of drinking water supply.
[7]. UN-Water/Africa; The Africa water vision 2025: Equitable and sustainable use of water for socioeconomic development, in collaboration with economic commission for Africa, African Union and African development bank.
[8]. United Nations Development of Economic and Social Affairs ‘UNDESA” (2014) International decade for action “water for life” 2005-2015.
[9]. UN-Water (2014) Water quality, The major sources of water pollution; Human settlement, Industrial waste disposal and Agricultural chemical application.
[10]. Yan ZHU†, Klaus-Dieter Balke (2008) Groundwater protection: What can we learn from Germany? Journal of Zhejiang University Science BISSN 1673-1581 (Print); ISSN 1862-1783.
Download PDF
Enyinna Gregory. C- September 2019 – Page No.: 230-234
Developing groundwater flow model for Nigeria was achieved in this research for 12 out of 17 local government areas in Abia state. The model was designed to show the groundwater flow direction using MODFLOW version of Arc hydro software with a realistic output that displayed groundwater flow direction and flow path in each of the local government areas. The water wells where water samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory showS that out of the 48 water samples that were scientifically analyzed for microbial contamination in water, 85.4% was contaminated with total bacterial contamination when compared with world health organization (WHO) standard, 85.5% was contaminated with total coliform contamination, 95.8% was contaminated with total fecal contamination, 95.8% was contaminated with total E coli contamination, 77.1% was contaminated with total vibrio contamination, 87.5% was contaminated with total salmonella contamination, 58.3% was contaminated with total pseudomonas contamination and 97.9% was found with total fungal contamination. The laboratory technique that was used for water analysis to achieve the above results was the membrane filtration techniques where 100ml of sample were filtered under vacuum on sterilized Nitrocellulose filter of pore size of 0.45mm with the help of filtration rack. Groundwater protection zone concept, water treatment strategies, development of recycling plants, immunization against water related diseases and public orientation on pollution reduction strategies have been recommended as groundwater contamination and water related health disaster control in Nigeria.
Page(s): 230-234 Date of Publication: 12 October 2019
Chair of Environmental Geology, Environmental resources management, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus Seftenberg, Germany/ Department of Project Management Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria
[2]. Bear, J., and A. Verruijt, 1987, Modelling Groundwater Flow and Pollution. D. Reidel Publishing Company, 414 p.
[3]. Chima, G.N,Alozie M.C,Digha O.N & Enyinna,G.C. ( 2007) .Swamp reclamation human habitation: its implication for sustainability of wetlands. International Journal of Boi-technology and allied sciences(IJOBAS)pp.230-237.vol.2,no.3.
[4]. Chima G.N, Nkemdirim V.U , & Enyinna G.C.(2008) Physico chemical and bacteriological analysis of water at selected points in Umuahia urban. International Journal of biotechnology and allied sciences (IJOBAS),pp.339-345.vol,3.no.1,Dec.,2008.
[5]. Clinton .J. (1992) Water quality assessments-A Guide to biota, sediments and water in Environmental monitoring –Second edition.
[6]. Crane S.R. & Moore J.A. (1984) Bacterial pollution of groundwater: a review Water air soil pollution 22(1):67–83.
[7]. Enyinna G.C. (2016) Modeling groundwater flow and contaminant transport for developing groundwater protection zone as panacea to groundwater contamination and water related diseases. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus Senftenberg, Germany.
[8]. Freeze, R.A., Cherry, J.A. (1979) Groundwater. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 604 pp.
[9]. Kumar C.P., Surgeet. S (2015) Concepts and Modeling of groundwater system. International journal of innovative science, engineering and technology, Vol.2.Issue 2.
[10]. Nwachukwu M.A, Feng. H, Amadi I.M, & Umana.F.U,(2010) The Causes and the Control of Selective Pollution of Shallow Wells by Coliform Bacteria, Imo River Basin Nigeria. Springer; Water Qual Expo Health (2010) 2:75-84.
[11]. Nwachukwu M.A, Aslan. A, & Nwachukwu M,I, (2013) Application of geographic Information system, (GIS) in sustainable groundwater development, Imo River Basin, Nigeria, International journal of water resources and environmental Engineering, Vol. 5(6), pp. 310.
[12]. U.S. Geological Survey, 1985, National Water Summary 1984-Hydrologic events, Selected Water-quality trends, and ground-water resources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2275, p. 135-140.
Download PDF