Binary Ethosomal Nanovesicles for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutics in Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is an inflammation-related skin disease characterized by impaired skin barrier function and persistent flare ups that hinder the efficiency of traditional topical medications. Traditional formulations for treatment of skin disorders suffer from low skin permeability, low retention, and high frequency of application. It results in a reduced therapeutic index. Within the past several years, binary ethosomal nanovesicles have been considered as one of the innovative techniques for increasing skin permeation. Ethosomes consisting of phospholipids, ethanol, and a cosolvent, are flexible and highly lipophilic, thus resulting in increased skin permeability index. Binary ethosomes have numerous advantages in their physicochemical properties such as optimal particle size distribution, low polydispersity index, optimal zeta potential for stability, and high entrapment efficiency. Moreover, in vitro drug release and skin permeability tests show sustained drug release, high flux of the drug, and skin deposition. Finally, stability testing of the ethosome formulation has confirmed its structural stability and its ability to retain the drug over a certain period of time under different storage conditions. Therefore, it can be seen that the benefits of binary ethosomes make it a very useful agent in delivering corticosteroids, immunomodulatory drugs, and non-steroidal substances. The purpose of this review is to discuss the aspects related to formulation, assessment and therapy potential of binary ethosomes, particularly in the effective treatment of AD.

Atopic dermatitis; Binary ethosomes; Topical drug delivery; Nanovesicular carriers

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