Water Distribution Networks and Analysis of Pipe Material Using Water Gems

Efficient design and management of water distribution networks are essential for ensuring reliable and sustainable water supply in rural areas. This study presents the hydraulic modeling and analysis of a water distribution system for Mhasoli village in Maharashtra, using WaterGEMS simulation software. Population forecasting was performed using arithmetic increase, geometric increase, and incremental increase methods to estimate the future demand for a selected design period. Based on the projected population of 2431 persons, the total daily water demand was calculated as 328,185 liters per day considering the standard per capita water requirement. A hydraulic network model was developed using field survey data, including pipeline layout, junction elevations, and nodal demand. The model was simulated to evaluate important hydraulic parameters such as pipe diameter, flow velocity, hydraulic gradient, and pressure distribution throughout the network. The results show that pipe velocities vary between 0.02 m/s and 1.69 m/s, which are within acceptable design limits for water distribution systems. The analysis also confirms that adequate pressure is maintained at all junction nodes. The study demonstrates that WaterGEMS provides an effective tool for hydraulic analysis, design optimization, and performance evaluation of rural water distribution networks, supporting efficient planning and sustainable water supply management.

Water Distribution, Water Gems, Population forecasting

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