Volume X Issue IV

Indonesian EFL Students and Teachers Perceptions of Multimodal Teaching Approach in Writing Skills
Zulfa Azizaturrohmi, Nurshafawati Ahmad Sani April 2023 – Page No.: 01-09

Low motivation, poor writing techniques, and lack of vocabulary are a few things that effect how proficient a writer is. Multimodal approach in teaching writing allows for better communication and expression of personal identities through various modes of representation. This study adopts a mixed-method research design utilizing survey and interview as data collection method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for quantitative data Atlas.Ti for qualitative data. The research was conducted at Hamzanwadi University, the population of the research is all second year of English Language Study students consist of 92 students and 5 teachers. The study discovered positive effects of multimodal teaching approach on writing skills and perceptions of Hamzanwadi’s students and teachers. Then, from the finding suggested that the students who performed multimodal tasks significantly improved their critical writing skills. Furthermore, it can serve as a resource for Indonesian EFL teachers’ continuing professional development.

Page(s): 01-09                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 28 April 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10401

 Zulfa Azizaturrohmi
English Language Studies, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Malaysia

 Nurshafawati Ahmad Sani

Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Malaysia

1. Ali, H. I. H. (2012). Monolingual dictionary use in an EFL context. English Language Teaching, 5(7), 2–7. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v5n7p2
2. Allela, M. A., Ogange, B. O., Junaid, M. I., & Charles, P. B. (2020). Effectiveness of multimodal microlearning for in-service teacher training. Journal of Learning for Development, 7(3), 384–398.
3. Buchanan, E. (2017). Using Multimodal Strategies to Teach Children with FASD. BU Journal of Graduate Studies in Education, 9(2), 52–56. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ1230427&site=ehost-live
4. Bob Matthews and Liz Ross, Research Methods: A Practical Guide for the Social Sciences (Harlow, UK: Pearson Education, 2010), 45.
5. Dorqj, R. Q., Krxvh, O. D., & Iluh, R. Q. (n.d.). ,’,206 ,1 7+( ()/ &/$665220.
6. Edwards-Groves, C. J. (2011). The multimodal writing process: Changing practices in contemporary classrooms. Language and Education, 25(1), 49–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500782.2010.523468
7. Freyn, A. L. (2017). Effects of a Multimodal Approach on ESL/EFL University Students’ Attitudes towards Poetry. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(8), 80–83. www.iiste.org
8. Ganapathy, M. (2016). The Effects of Using Multimodal Approaches in Meaning-Making of 21st Century Literacy Texts Among ESL Students in a Private School in Malaysia. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.143
9. Hafner, C. A. (2020). Digital multimodal composing: How to address multimodal communication forms in ELT. English Teaching(South Korea), 75(3), 133–146. https://doi.org/10.15858/engtea.75.3.202009.133
10. Hassett, D. D., & Curwood, J. S. (2009). Theories and Practices of Multimodal Education: The Instructional Dynamics of Picture Books and Primary Classrooms. The Reading Teacher, 63(4), 270–282. https://doi.org/10.1598/rt.63.4.2
11. Hu, C., & Luo, M. (2016). A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Tmall’s Double Eleven Advertisement. English Language Teaching, 9(8), 156. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v9n8p156
12. Jalilifar, A., Shooshtari, Z. G., & Haghighi, S. B. (2017). A Multimodal Approach toward Teaching for Transfer: A Case of Team-Teaching in ESAP Writing Courses. Journal of Teaching Language Skills, 35(4), 157–190.
13. Jewitt, C. (2003). A Multimodal Framework for Computer Mediated Learning : The Reshaping of Curriculum Knowledge and Learning. 322.
14. Jewitt, Carey. (2008). Multimodality and literacy in school classrooms. Review of Research in Education, 32, 241–267. https://doi.org/10.3102/0091732X07310586
15. Jewitt, Carey. (2012). Multimodal Teaching and Learning. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0815
16. Kern, R. (2015). Multimodal discourse. Language, Literacy, and Technology, 193–212. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139567701.010
17. Lee, Y. J. (2019). Integrating multimodal technologies with VARK strategies for learning and teaching EFL presentation: An investigation into learners’ achievements and perceptions of the learning process. Australian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.29140/ajal.v2n1.118
18. Liontas, J. I. (2017). Why Teach Idioms? A Challenge to the Profession. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 5(3), 5–25. http://ijltr.urmia.ac.ir
19. Magdy, N. (2014). Summary of the study. Improving Student Information Search, May, xix–xx. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-84334-781-1.50025-6
20. Magnusson, P., & Godhe, A.-L. (2019). Multimodality in Language Education – Implications for Teaching. Designs for Learning, 11(1), 127–137. https://doi.org/10.16993/dfl.127
21. Menkart, D. (1993). Multicultural Education: Strategies for linguistically diverse schools and classroom. NCBE Program Information Guide Series, 16(16), 1–16.
https://learning.educatetogether.ie/pluginfile.php/17423/mod_resource/content/1/MulticulturalClassrooms.pdf
22. Ruiz-Madrid, N., & Valeiras-Jurado, J. (2020). Developing multimodal communicative competence in emerging academic and professional genres. International Journal of English Studies, 20(1), 27–50. https://doi.org/10.6018/ijes.401481
23. Shi, J. (2017). Opening all your senses: an exploration of the multimodal approach to engage students’ learning of Chinese as a foreign language. https://researchdirect.westernsydney.edu.au/islandora/object/uws:45453/
24. The Effects of Using Multimodal Approaches in Meaning-Making of 21st Century Literacy Texts Among ESL Students in a Private School in Malaysia. (2016). Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.7n.2p.143
25. Thomas, C. (2018). Multimodal teaching and learning analytics for classroom and online educational settings. ICMI 2018 – Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 542–545. https://doi.org/10.1145/3242969.3264969
26. Pahl, K. & Rowsell, J. (2006) Travel Notes from the New Literacy Studies: Instances of
Practice, Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
27. Wood, S. A. (2019). MULTIMODAL PEDAGOGY AND MULTIMODAL ASSESSMENT: Toward a Reconceptualization of Traditional Frameworks. In S. KHADKA & J. C. LEE (Eds.), Bridging the Multimodal Gap: From Theory to Practice (pp. 244–262). University Press of Colorado. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvg5bsxf.16

Zulfa Azizaturrohmi, Nurshafawati Ahmad Sani, “Indonesian EFL Students and Teachers Perceptions of Multimodal Teaching Approach in Writing Skills” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.01-09 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10401

Download PDF

pdf

Assessment of Health Literacy Levels Amongst Cancer Surviors in Nairobi Support Groups
Muthoni C. Laura, Dr. Owino George, Dr. Muia Daniel April 2023 – Page No.: 10-18

Non-communicable diseases account for 71% of deaths globally giving rise to Health literacy as a strategy in management. While this is a worthwhile, there is need to measure and assess the health literacy levels of target beneficiaries as one way of evaluating effectiveness of health education programs. This study was undertaken with the objective of measuring the health literacy levels of cancer survivors in support groups within Nairobi (Kenya). A sample of 152 members of support group were subjected to a short health literacy test covering basic health topics discussed during support group meetings. Results indicated that majority of support group members had good knowledge of health topics and requirements for healthy behaviour. It was evident that health literacy sessions had successfully increased knowledge levels amongst support group members. Key recommendations included creating robust referral links to health literacy education for all cancer survivors.

Page(s): 10-18                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 28 April 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10402

 Muthoni C. Laura
Kenyatta University, Department of Sociology, Gender & Development Studies P.O. Box 43844 00100, Nairobi Kenya.

 Dr. Owino George
Kenyatta University, Department of Sociology, Gender & Development Studies P.O. Box 43844 00100, Nairobi Kenya.

 Dr. Muia Daniel
Kenyatta University, Department of Sociology, Gender & Development Studies P.O. Box 43844 00100, Nairobi Kenya.

1. Simmons R. A., Cosgrove S., Romney M., Plumb J., Brawer R., Gonzalez E., Fleisher (2017). Health Literacy: Cancer Prevention Strategies for Early Adults. Am J Prev. Med. 2017; 53(3S1):S73-S77. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.03.016
2. Poureslami I, Nimmon L, Rootman I, Fitzgerald M.J. (2017). Health Literacy and Chronic Disease Management: drawing from expert knowledge to set an agenda. Health Promotion International. 32 (4), 743-754
3. Heide, I., Heijmans M., Schuit A. Uiters E. Rademakers, J. (2015). Functional, interactive and critical health literacy: Varying relationships with control over care and number of GP visits. Patient education and counseling. 98(8), 998-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2015.04.006
4. Ministry of Health. (2014). Community Health Strategy 2014-2019. Community Health Unit. Government of Kenya.
5. Batterham, R.W., Buchbinder, R., Beauchamp, A., Dodson S., Elsworth G., & Osborne R. (2014). The Optimizing Health Literacy (Ophelia) process: study protocol for using health literacy profiling and community engagement to create and implement health reform. BMC Public Health (14), 694
6. Magnani .J, Mahasin S. Mujahid, Aronow .H, Crystal W. Cené, Victoria Vaughan Dickson (2018). Limited Health Literacy is a major barrier to heart disease prevention and treatment. American Heart Association (AHA). Circulation, 138(2), e48–e74. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000579
7. World Health Organization (1998). Health Promotion Glossary. Division of Health Promotion, Education and Communication. Health Education and Promotion Unit.
8. Centers for Disease Control (2019). Healthy Schools. Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Characteristics of an Effective Health Education Curriculum
9. Warde, F., Papadakos, J., Papadakos, T., Rodin, D., Salhia, M., & Giuliani, M. (2018). Plain language communication as a priority competency for medical professionals in a globalized world. Canadian medical education journal, 9(2), e52–e59.
10. Cross Ian. (2018). How support Groups are Giving Patients power. MSF Kenya
11. Marcus C. (2014). Strategies for improving the quality of verbal patient and family education: a review of the literature and creation of the EDUCATE model. Health psychology and behavioral medicine. 2(1), 482–495. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2014.900450
12. Hill.J. S., Sophra T.A., (2018). How Could Health Literacy be improved? Recommended Actions from the Victorian Consultation on Health Literacy. Australian Health Review. Australia. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AH16106
13. Shieh, C., & Hosei, B. (2008). Printed Health Information Materials: Evaluation of Readability and Suitability. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 25(2), 73-90. Retrieved October 19, 2020, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20618277
14. Muscat D., Shepherd H., Nutbeam D., Morony S., Smith S., Dhillon H., Trevenal L., Hayen A., Luxford K., McCaffery K. (2017). Developing Verbal Health Literacy with Adult Learners through Training in Shared Decision-Making. HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 1(4) e257-e268.https//doi: 10.3928/24748307-20171208-02
15. Pratt M, Searles GE. (2017). Using Visual Aids to Enhance Physician-Patient Discussions and Increase Health Literacy. J Cutan Med Surg. (6):497-501. https:// doi: 10.1177/1203475417715208. Epub 2017 Jun 14. PMID: 28614954.
16. Berkhout, C., Zgorska-Meynard-Moussa, S., Willefert-Bouche, A., Favre, J., Peremans, L., & Van Royen, P. (2018). Audiovisual aids in primary healthcare settings’ waiting rooms. A systematic review. The European journal of general practice, 24(1), 202–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2018.1491964
17. Rodvien.R. (2011). How podcasts can help patients with health literacy. www.kevinmd.com
18. Cornett, S., (2009) Assessing and Addressing Health Literacy. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 14, No. 3, Manuscript 2
19. Altin, S.V., Finke, I., Kautz-Freimuth, S. Stock S. (2014). The evolution of health literacy assessment tools: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 14, 1207 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1207
20. Health Literacy Tool Shed. (2020). A Database of health literacy measures. Boston University. https://healthliteracy.bu.edu
21. Ylitalo, K. R., Meyer, M., Lanning, B. A., During, C., Laschober, R., & Griggs, J. O. (2018). Simple screening tools to identify limited health literacy in a low-income patient population. Medicine, 97(10), https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000010110
22. Krejcie. R, Morgan. D. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. University of Minnesota, Duluth Texas A. & M. University.
23. Satia. A. Jessie. (2010). Diet-Related Disparities: Understanding the Problem and Accelerating Solutions. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
24. McKenna, V. B., Sixsmith, J., & Barry, M. (2020). Facilitators and Barriers to the Development of Health Literacy Capacities Over Time for Self-Management. Health literacy research and practice, 4(2), e104–e118. https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20200221-01
25. Jones. Jensen. Scherr. C. Brown. N. Christy. Weaver. J. (2015). The Health Belief Model as Explanatory Framework in Communication Research: Exploring Parallel, Serial and Moderated Mediation. Health Communication Journal 2015; 30 (6):566-76. https://doi: 10.1080/10410236.2013.873363.
26. McBain, H., Shipley, M.& Newman, S. (2015). The Impact of self-monitoring in chronic illness on healthcare utilization: A systemic review of reviews. BMC Health Serv Res 15,565. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-1221-5
27. Boskey E. (2020). The health belief model. Behavioral Psychology. Vol. 3, October Issue
28. Seibt A.C (2008). Health Promotion Models. Encyclopedia of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5614-7-1455
29. Nam Hee Park PhD, RN,Mi Sook Song PhD, RN,So Young Shin PhD, RN, GCNSBC,Ji- hye Jeong RN, Young Lee. (2018). The effects of medication adherence and health literacy on health-related quality of life in older people with hypertension. International Journal of Older People Nursing.
30. Manchanayake, M.G.C.A., Bandara, G.R.W.S.K. & Samaranayake, N.R. Patients’ ability to read and understand dosing instructions of their own medicines – a cross sectional study in a hospital and community pharmacy setting. (2018). BMC Health Serv Res 18, 425 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3252-1

Muthoni C. Laura, Dr. Owino George, Dr. Muia Daniel, “Assessment of Health Literacy Levels Amongst Cancer Surviors in Nairobi Support Groups” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.10-18 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10401

Download PDF

pdf

Critical Rationalism and Bayesianism
Kent Olson Ph.D. April 2023 – Page No.: 19-22

Most accounts of the scientific method, e.g.s the Deductive-Nomological (D-N), Inductive Statistical (I-S), and so on, attempt to avoid Hume’s problem. Popper’s philosophy of critical rationalism and subjectivist Bayesianism come into conflict here on a number of points. The most noteworthy is on the problem of induction. That is, if science rests on induction (as Sir Francis Bacon would have it), and induction cannot be justified according to the strict demands of classical deductive validity without invoking a circularity, how can we say that science is rational? And how should scientists proceed? Bayesians utilizes a consistent multivalued logic that adheres to the Kolmogorov axioms. And on the other side, Sir Karl Popper maintains that the real logic of science is deductive. It is a myth that induction is even used. I will evaluate both claims through a third-party lens. That is, Micheal Ruse’ s epigenetic account of inferential reasoning. This is a modified version of Hume’s propensity theory. Ultimately, deductivism cannot explain how proto-humans behaved in the wild. How they grew smarter, became tool-using beings, and became the dominant species on the planet.

Page(s): 19-22                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 30 April 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10403

 Kent Olson Ph.D.

1. Bacon, Francis. Novum Organum. New York, 1902.
2. Earman, John. Bayes or Bust? Massachusetts, MIT Press, 1992.
3. Howson, Colin. “Bayesianism and Support by Novel Facts,” The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science Vol. 35, No3. (1984): 245-251
4. Howson and Urbach. Scientific Reasoning: the Bayesian Approach. Chicago: Open Court, 2006.
5. Gillies, Donald. “The Problem of Induction and Artificial Intelligence,” Karl Popper: Revision of his Legacy. Spain: Union Editorial, 2013.
6. McCarthy, Connor, “Karl Popper and His Proposed Solution to the Problem of Induction,” Acadmeia.edu. Retrieved2022https://www.academia.edu/28570445/Karl_Popper_and_His_Proposed_Solution_to_The_Problem_of_Induction.
7. Musgrave, Alan. “How Popper Might Have Solved the Problem of Induction,” Philosophy, Vol. 79, No. 307 (2004): 19-31.
8. Popper, Karl. Conjectures and Refutations. London and New York: Routledge Classics, 2002.
9. Popper, Karl. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. London & New York: Routledge Classics, 2007.
10. Shaver, Doug. Induction, Deduction, and Kuhn. 2011 Retrieved from https://dougshaver.net/philosophy/science/induction1.html.
11. Thornton, Steve. Karl Popper, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2022 https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/popper/.
12. Ruse, Micheal. Taking Darwin Seriously. New York: Prometheus Books,1998.
13. Titlebaum, Micheal. Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistmology 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
14. Titlebaum, Micheal. Fundamentals of Bayesian Epistemology 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kent Olson Ph.D., “Critical Rationalism and Bayesianism” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.19-22 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10403

Download PDF

pdf

The Relevance of Textual Criticism in Biblical Interpretation
Victor Umaru April 2023 – Page No.: 23-29

Textual criticism refers to the techniques used by biblical scholars in interpreting a given text of the Bible to ascertain its original wording, the nature of its composition, sources, date, and authorship. Textual criticism is an essential aspect of biblical interpretation, which some interpreters technically dodged from it thinking that the word “criticism” is negative. Far be it from this assertion, biblical criticism is relevant, and it remains relevant. Textual criticism is significant; it helps us understand that Scripture cannot be overestimated. It is vital to the understanding of Scripture as the Word of God. It seeks to investigate and understand the situation of the original recipients of the word to discover precisely what the original writers of the scriptures meant by their words. From this Spirit, the writer would shed light on the importance and relevance of biblical criticism, especially to the interpretation of the Bible. To achieve the aim of the writing, the writer uses the narrative-critical analysis method to present the paper’s idea.

Page(s): 23-29                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 03 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10404

 Victor Umaru
Department of Biblical Studies and Theology, Baptist College of Theology, Obinze, Owerri, Nigeria.

1. Brotzman, Ellis R. and Eric J. Tully, Old Testament Textual Criticism: A Practical Introduction. Grand Rapids, Michigan, Baker Academic, 2016.
2. G. J. Wenham, “The place of Biblical Criticism in Theological Study.” Retrieved from http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/article_criticism_wenham.html –
3. Greenlee, J. Harold, Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism, Revised Edition. Peabody, Massachusetts, 1995.
4. Gregory, Caspar Rene. Canon and Text of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T & T. Clark, 1907.
5. Hester, H.I. The Heart of the New Testament. Nashville, Tennessee: Broadman Press, 1981.
6. Housman, E.A. “The Application of Thought to Textual Criticism.” http://rosetta.reltech.org/TC/extras/Housman-Thought.html.
7. Hulley, K. K. “Principles of Textual Criticism Known to St. Jerome,” Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, Vol. 55, 1994, 87-109.
8. Levenson, Jon D. The Hebrew Bible, the Old Testament, and historical criticism: Jews and Christians in biblical studies, 1st ed. Louisville, Ky.: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1993.
9. Mather, G. A. & L. A. Nichols, (eds.) Dictionary of Cults, Sects, Religions and the Occult. Zondervan. N.p., 1993.
10. Mitchel, A. C. “The Need for Biblical Criticism.” http://www.americancatholic.org/Newsletters/SFS/an0800.asp
11. Moule, C.F.D. The Birth of the New Testament 3rd Ed. London: Adam & Charles Black, 1981.
12. Robertson, A.T. Studies in the Text of the New Testament. USA: Sunday School Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, 1926.
13. Schodde, G. H. “Old Testament Textual Criticism” The Old Testament Student, Vol. 7, No. 2, 44-48.
14. Soulen, R. N. & R K. Soulen, Handbook of Biblical criticism. Louisville, London: Westminster, John Knox Press, 1993.
15. Stern, D. “Recent Trends in Biblical Source Criticism,” Jewish Bible Quarterly Vol. 36, No. 3, 2008.
16. Tanselle, G. T. “Textual Criticism and Literary Sociology.” Studies in Bibliography, Vol. 44, 1991, 83-143.
17. Taylor, Vincent. The Text of the New Testament: A Short Introduction. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1961.
18. Tigay, J. Empirical Models for Biblical Criticism. Philidelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985.
19. Ulrich, Eugene. “The Old Testament Text and Its Transmission.” In The New Cambridge History of the Bible: From the Beginnings to 600, edited by James Carleton Paget and Joachim Schaper. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
20. Vaganay, Leon and Christian-Bernard Amphoux, An Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
21. Wegner, P. D. A Student’s Guide to Textual Criticism of the Bible: Its History, Methods, and Results. Downers Grove, Ill: IVP Academic, 2006.
22. Wenham, D. “Source Criticism,” in I. Howard Marshall, ed., New Testament Interpretation: Essays on Principles and Methods. Carlisle: The Paternoster Press, 1977.
23. Wood, DR et al. (eds)., New Bible Dictionary, 3rd ed. Leicester: Inter-Varsity Press, 1996.
24. Würthwein, Ernst. The Text of the Old Testament, trans. Erroll F. Rhodes, 3rd ed. rev. and exp. Alexander A.Fischer. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2014.

Victor Umaru, “Critical Rationalism and Bayesianism” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.23-29 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10404

Download PDF

pdf

The Effects of Transformational Leadership on Commitment, Motivation, Compensation and Employee Performance of Local Water Supply Companies in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency Indonesia
Frengky Dupe, Yohanis S. Sarong, Indri Astuti, Ricky E. Foeh, Erna E. Giri, Elly Lay April 2023 – Page No.: 30-40

This research is motivated by the contradictions contained in organizational theory and empirical findings of previous research on the effect of transformational leadership on organizational commitment, employee motivation, compensation, employee performance. The purpose of this research is to examine and explain the effect of transformational leadership on organizational commitment, employee motivation, employee compensation and performance. The method in this research is a quantitative approach with explanatory research. The analysis technique uses Smart PLS 3. Sample data were obtained from 40 respondents as employees at the Regional Drinking Water Company in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency.
The findings of this study are that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, employee motivation, compensation and employee performance. Organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on motivation. Employee motivation has a positive and significant effect on compensation. Compensation has a positive effect and is significant to employee performance. This study concludes that the variables of transformational leadership, organizational commitment, employee motivation, reasonable compensation have an important role in improving employee performance which excels in achieving organizational goals as a common goal. Therefore, it is necessary to get attention from policy makers to consider these variables.

Page(s): 30-40                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 03 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10405

 Frengky Dupe
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia.

 Yohanis S. Sarong
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia.

 Indri Astuti
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia.

 Ricky E. Foeh
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia.

 Erna E. Giri
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia.

 Elly Lay
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Indonesia.

1. Andinasari, Sujanto, Bedjo, and Mukhtar Mukhneri. (2017) The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Personality and Job PerformanceAdministration Employees. International Journal of Human Capital Management.
2. Armstrong, M. (2009). A Handbook of Personnel Management Practices, London: Kogan Page Limited.
3. Bass, B.M. (1985). Leadership and Performance beyond expectations. New York: Free Press.
4. Bawaradi, Mieke, Tewal, raintung and Michael (2017). Pengaruh kepemimpinan Transaksional dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT FIF Group Manado. Jurnal EMBA Vol 2 tahun 2017.
5. Burns, J.M. (1978).Leadership, N.Y, Harper and Row
6. Chin, WW., Vinzi, V., Wang, H. (2010). Handbook of Smart Partial Least Square: Concept, Method And Aplications. Newyork. Springer.
7. Crewell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches. 3th Edition. SAGE Publication, Inc. California.
8. Gibson (2015). Organisasi: Perilaku, Struktur, proses. Edisi V Cetakan 6. Erlangga Jakarta.
9. Hanantoko, Destuhaji, dan Nugraheni Rini (2017). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja (Studi pada Karyawan PT bapak Jenggot Semarang). Diponegoro Journal of Management Vol VI.
10. Hasibuan, Malayu.(2007). Manajemne Sumber Daya Manumsia. Edisi Kesepuluh. Jakarta: PT. Gunung Agung
11. Mahmudi. (2010). Manajemen Sumberdaya Manusia. Ghalia. Bandung
12. Mathis, Robert L and Jackson John H., 2002. Human Resource Management (Terjemahan) Buku 2. Edisi Kesembilan. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba Empat.
13. Moorhead dan Griffin. 2013. Perilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
14. Nitisemito, A. S. (1996). Manajemen Personalia (Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia) III. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.
15. Qustolani, H. Asep. (2017). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja, Keadilan Prosedur dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus pada Industri Rotan Sekecamatan Leuwimunding Majalengka). Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Akuntansi (Maksi, Vol 3 (1).
16. Ratnasi, Cicih.(2017). The Effect of Leadership Style, Discipline, Motivation and Performance Ether Partially or Simultan Neously in east Jakarta Area. International Journal of Human Capital Management (IJHM)
17. Robbins, S. P. (2015). Perilaku Organisasi. Edisi Kedua., Jakarta: PT. Prehallindo.
18. Saputro, Guntur Bayudan Siagian, Hotlan. (2017). Pengaruh Gaya kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Variabel Intervening Motivasi Kerja di Head Office PT. Marifood. AGORA, Vol. 5 (3).
19. Vroom, V. (1964). Work and Motivation. Wiley, New York.
20. Wardani, Kusuma Nia (2017). Influence of Competence, Transformational Leadership, Social Capital and Performance on Employee Careers. International Journal of Human Capital Management. Vol1 No.2.
21. Yammmarino, F.J and Bass, B.M. (1990). Long Term Forecasting of Transactional Leadership And Its Effects Among Naval Officers: Some Preleminary Fidings. In K.E. Clarck (Eds). Meassure Leadership (pp. 151-169). West orange. NJ: Leadership Liberary of America.

Frengky Dupe, Yohanis S. Sarong, Indri Astuti, Ricky E. Foeh, Erna E. Giri, Elly Lay, “Critical Rationalism and Bayesianism” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.30-40 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10405

Download PDF

pdf

Regulatory Agencies in Brazil vs. the United States: A Comparative Study
Dr. Murillo Dias, Carlos Araujo, Thiago Schmitz, Leonardo Pereira April 2023 – Page No.: 41-46

This article describes Brazil’s regulatory agencies compared to the United States, emphasizing their similarities and differences and discussing the Brazilian regulatory agencies in detail. After careful content analysis, key findings pointed out a significant disparity within both countries: while in Brazil, the first regulatory agency was created in 1996 – National Telecommunications Agency (ANATEL), in the United States, the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was founded 114 years before, in 1887, evidencing a long tradition and expertise regarding the regulatory environment from the North American agencies. There are currently eleven regulatory agencies in Brazil, while in the United States, there are 47. Different types and functions give North American regulatory agencies a higher level of sophistication than the Brazilian regulatory system, meaning that the Brazilian regulatory framework finds an excellent deal for improvement. One of the implications that compile the current work is the discussion about the existence of a political influence in regulating agencies needing to catch up compared to their American counterparts’ pace of innovation.

Page(s): 41-46                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 03 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10406

 Dr. Murillo Dias
Fundação Getulio Vargas, Brazil

 Carlos Araujo
Rennes School of Business, France

 Thiago Schmitz
Rennes School of Business, France

 Leonardo Pereira
Université de Bordeaux, France

1. Araújo, C.; Dias, M. (2022). The Influence of Stock Exchange Companies on the Quality of Brazilian Higher Education. British Journal of Education, 10(9), 16-50 https://doi.org/ 10.37745/bje.2013/vo10.n9pp1650
2. Araújo, C. R; Dias, M. (2021) Políticas de Avaliação e Padrões de Qualidade da Educação Superior no Brasil. International Journal of Development Research, 11(11), 52284-93 https://doi.org/ 10.37118/ijdr.23453.11.2021
3. Brasil (1988). Federal Constitution 1988.Retrieved on 29 March 2023 from https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/constituicao.htm
4. Brasil (1996) Lei nº 9.427, from 26 december 1996. Institui a Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica – ANEEL, disciplina o regime das concessões de serviços públicos de energia elétrica e dá outras providências. Retrieved on 29 March 2023 from https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/LEIS/L9427cons.htm
5. Brasil (1997). Lei nº 9.472, de 16 de julho de 1997. Dispõe sobre a organização dos serviços de telecomunicações, a criação e funcionamento de um órgão regulador e outros aspectos institucionais, nos termos da Emenda Constitucional nº 8, de 1995. Retrieved on 29 March 2023 from https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l9472.htm
6. Brasil (2019) Lei nº 13.848, de 25 de junho de 2019.Dispõe sobre a gestão, a organização, o processo decisório e o controle social das agências reguladoras. Retrieved on 29 March 2023 from https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2019-2022/2019/lei/l13848.htm
7. Breger, Marshall J.; Edles, Gary J. (2015). Independent Agencies in the United States: Law, Structure, and Politics. Oxford University Press.
8. Craveiro, Mariana F. & Dias, M. (2019). Case on Brazilian Public Health Information System. Global Scientific Journals, 7(10), 1-11. https://doi.org/ 10.11216/gsj.2019.10.27963
9. Cuellar, L. (2015) Introdução Às Agências Reguladoras Brasileiras (Coleção Luso-Brasileira De Direito Público – Vol. 2). Editora Juruá.
10. Dias, M.; Teles, A.; Pilatti, K. (2018) The Future of Privatization in Brazil: Regulatory and Political Challenges. Global Journal of Politics and Law Research, 6(2), 32-42. https://doi.org/ 10.6084/m9.figshare.7834709
11. Dias, M.; Duzert, Y., Teles, A. (2018). Boeing, Brazilian Federal Government, And Embraer: Golden Share Veto and The Anatomy of a Joint Venture. International Journal of Business and Management Studies, 7(2), 71–80. https://doi.org/ 10.13140/RG.2.2.14972.18563
12. Dias, M. (2018). Light Vehicle Vehicle in Rio de Janeiro: Alternative to Public Transportation in Brazil? Australian Journal of Science and Technology. 2(4), 187-193. https://doi.org/ 10.6084/m9.figshare.7833362
13. Dias, M.; Teles, Andre (2018). From Animal Traction to LRV: Public Rail Transportation in Rio de Janeiro. International Journal of Science and Research, 7(11), 765-770. https://doi.org/ 10.21275/ART20192818
14. Federal Register (2023) Interstate Commerce Commission. Retrieved on 29 March 2023 from https://www.federalregister.gov/agencies/interstate-commerce-commission#:~:text=The%20ICC%2C%20the%20first%20regulatory,carriers%20except%20airplanes%20by%201940.
15. Justen Filho, M. (2002). Concessões de Serviços Públicos e as Multas por Inadimplemento do Concessionário. Informativo de Licitações e Contratos (ILC) nº, 100, 492.
16. National Archives (2023) Retrieved on 29 March 2023 from https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/interstate-commerce-act#:~:text=Approved%20on%20February%204%2C%201887,industry%20subject%20to%20Federal%20regulation.
17. Quirk, P. J. (2014). Industry influence in federal regulatory agencies (Vol. 84). Princeton University Press.
18. Teles, A., Dias, M. (2023) Does the Privatization Worth It? Factors Influencing the Quality of the Brazilian Privatization. British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies:Business and Management Sciences 4(1),51-71, https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0106
19. Teles,A., Dias, M. (2022) The Evolution of Privatization In Brazil: The Case of Embraer International Journal of Development and Economic Sustainability, 10(5), 14-29; https://doi.org/ 10.37745/ijdes.13/vol10n51429
20. Teles, A., Dias, M. (2022b) A Evolução da Privatização no Brasil. IJDR, 12(7), 57426-35, https://doi.org/ 10.37118/ijdr.24868.07.2022
21. US (2023). The United States Government Manual. Retrieved on 29 March 2023 from https://usgovernmentmanual.gov/
22. Yin, R. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods. Sage.

Dr. Murillo Dias, Carlos Araujo, Thiago Schmitz, Leonardo Pereira, “Regulatory Agencies in Brazil vs. the United States: A Comparative Study” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.41-46 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10406

Download PDF

pdf

Understanding The ISMS of Nigerian Post-Colonial Art Movements: An Ideological Path for Emerging Contemporary Art
Otonye Bille Ayodele Ph.D April 2023 – Page No.: 47-57

Scholars of African art have advocated various methodologies for the study of African contemporary arts. These methodologies serve their purposes, however there is no particular most embracing and consensus approach so far. Since the millennium, the outcomes of African contemporary art actually defy any static approach. This paper proposes the ideologies and aesthetics of some post-colonial art movements in Nigeria and their impact on Nigerian contemporary art, as a methodological path to understanding the emerging contemporary arts of Nigeria. The art movements considered in this paper are Zarianism, Osogbo Art, Ulism, Onaism and Araism which are the most outstanding of Nigerian post-colonial art movements since independence in 1960. These art movements, through their ideologies, have largely shaped what is today considered as Nigerian Contemporary Art. This paper is a contribution to the ongoing dialogues on the identity of post-colonial Africa and the processes of de-colonization of African culture. Contemporary Nigerian art in this paper is the art from the 1990s till date. The paper is based on qualitative research and bibliographic surveys. The findings show that many contemporary Nigerian arts and artists are affiliated or linked with early post-colonial art movements. In conclusion, a successful inquiry and understanding of the formation and practice of the art movements hopefully will create a pathway in the prediction, identity, and understanding of recent works of art in Nigeria and Africa.

Page(s): 47-57                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 07 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10407

 Otonye Bille Ayodele Ph.D
Department of Creative Arts, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria

1. Abiodun, R. (1994, July). Understanding Yoruba art and aesthetics: The concept of Ase. African Arts. UCLA. VolumeXXVII (3) 68-78
2. Adekoya, S.K. (2001) SNA: The indelible legacy of the rebels. Nigerian Art Reflections. (1) 80-81
3. Adenaike, A.O. (1979). The Osogbo experiment sixteen years after. Unpublished B.A. Thesis, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. 1-67.
4. Adenaike, A.O. (1982). The influence of Uli art on contemporary Nsukka school painting. Nigeria Magazine, Lagos Nigeria. No.143. 38-52
5. Adepegba, C.O. (1989). Nigerian art: The death of traditions and the birth of new forms. Jodad Publishers. 2-14
6. Adepegba, C.O. (1989). Modern Nigerian art: A classification based on forms, Kurio Africana: Journal of Art and Criticism. 1(1&2). 111-137
7. Adepegba, C.O. (1995). Nigerian Art: Its Traditions and Modern Tendencies. Jodad Publishers
8. Adepegba, C.O. (1999) Split identify and the attendant perspective tangle in post-colonial African art forms in Dele Layiwola (ed). A Handbook of Methodology in African Studies. Institute of African Studies Ibadan. 3-18
9. Adepegba, C.O. (2003). Past and present: A misleading expectation in modern African art. in Ademuleya, B.A., Onipede, A.and Omoighe, M. (eds) Creative Traditions in Nigerian Art. Culture and Creative Art Forum (CCAF). 37-51
10. Adepegba, K. (2008) Araism: The making of a post-Onaism movement. Styles, Schools and Movements in Modern Nigerian Art. Nigeria: National Gallery of Art. 154-155.
11. Akatakpo D. (1994) “Africanness” in contemporary Nigerian art: A study of extensions, intensions and reality of forms. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Institute of African Studies. University of Ibadan Nigeria.
12. Akatakpo D. (1998). The present state of contemporary Nigerian art and proposal for the third millenium. Unpublished paper for National Symposium on Contemporary Nigerian Art. Nigeria: Ahmadu Bello University Zaira. (p.5)
13. Babalola, D. (1998) Four decades of contemporary Nigerian art: Zaria art school’s contribution to its development. Unpublished Paper. Department of Fine Art, Ahmmadu Bello University, Zaria.
14. Clarke, C. (2006). The art of Africa: A resource for educators. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 23
15. Copan, P. (2007). What is post modernism? North American Mission Board.
16. Deliss, C. (ed) (1995) Seven stories about modern art in Africa. Paris/New York: Flammarion
17. Dike, P. C. & Oyelola, P. (eds.) (2004) Nigerian women in visual arts: History, aesthetics and interpretation. 34.
18. Drewal J. H. (1988) “Object and intellect: Interpretations of meaning in African art” Editors statements. Art Journal. 47(2). 71-74.
19. Egonwa, O. D (2001) “The evolution of the concept of natural synthesis” in USO: Nigerian Journal of Arts. Vol. 3. No1&2. 55-59
20. Egonwa, O. D (2007) “Africa versus contemporary art: That which jingles is inexhaustible in a headers goatskin bag. Abraka Humanities Review 2(1) 97-106.
21. Egonwa, O. D. (2012). Research methods in visual arts. Ababa Press Ltd. 22-50
22. Enwezor, O., Okeke-Agulu, C (2009). Contemporary African art since 1980. Bologna: Damiani. 21
23. Fagg, W. (1963). Nigerian images. London: Lund Humpries 121
24. Fagg, W. (1982). African sculpture. London: Duttan
25. Filani, O. E. (1989). “Art as transmitter of socio-cultural values: The metamorphosis of form and content in contemporary Nigerian art” Kurio Africana: Journal of Art and Criticism. Nigeria: Ile-Ife. 57-72.
26. Filani, O. E. (2005) Patterns of culture in contemporary Yoruba arts. Nigeria: Symphony Books. 25
27. Firstenberg, L. (2003). Negotiating the taxonomy of contemporary African art – production, exhibition and commodification. in Farrell, L.A. & Byvanck, V. (eds), Looking Both Ways: Art of the Contemporary African Diaspora. New York: Museum for African Art. 40.
28. Fosu, K. (1986) 20th century art of Africa. Volume 1. Nigeria: Gaskiya Corporation Ltd
29. Giddens, A. (1971). Capitalism and modern social theory. Cambridge University Press
30. Hassan, S. (1999) The modernist experience in African art: Visual expressions of the self and cross-cultural aesthetics in Oguibe, O. and Enwezor, O.(eds) Reading the Contemporary: African Art from Theory to the Marketplace. Cambridge: MIT Press. 214-235.
31. Jegede, D. (1998) “On scholars and magicians: A review of contemporary art of Africa”, in Nzegwu, N. (ed) Issues in Contemporary African Art. Binghamton: International Society for the Study of Africa ISSA. 187-195
32. Ikuemesi, K. C. (2003). The triumph of vision: An anthology on Uche Okeke and modern art in Nigeria. Pendulum Art Gallery. 170-205
33. Jules – Rosette, B. (1984). The messages of tourist art: An African semiotic system in comparative perspective. Boston: Springer Press
34. Kasfir, S. L. (1999). Contemporary African art. London/New York: Thames & Hudson
35. Kelly, B. (1990). Nigerian artists: A who’s who and bibliography. Stanley, J. (ed). U.S.A.: Hans Zell Publishers
36. Lichtheim, G. (1965). The concept of ideology. History and Theory. 4(2). 164-195. doi: 10.2307/2504150
37. Lyon, D (1999) Post modernity 2nd edition Buckingham: Open University Press.
38. Magrun, A. and Soulillou, J. (eds) (1996). Contemporary art of Africa. Thames and Hudson.
39. Mount, M. (1973). African art: The years since 1920. Indiana University Press
40. Mudimbe, V. Y. (1991) Reprendre: Enunciations and strategies in contemporary African arts. Vogel, S. (ed). Africa Explores: 20th Century African Art. Munich: Prestel. 280
41. Nzegwo, N. (1998). Introduction: Contemporary African art and exclusionary politics. Issues in Contemporary African Art. International Society for the Study of Africa (ISSA). 1-18.
42. Odoh G. (1998) Drawing and Nsukka art tradition: A study of the Department of Fine and Applied Arts. Unpublished B. A. Thesis, University of Nigeria Nsukka. 1-20
43. Oguibe, O. (1999) Art, identity, boundaries: Post modernism and contemporary African art. in Oguibe, O., and O. Enwezor (eds), Reading the Contemporary: African Art from Theory to the Marketplace. Cambridge: MIT Press. 16-29.
44. Okediji, M. (1989). Contemporary Ife art. Exhibition Catalogue. Department of Fine Arts, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. 25.
45. Okediji, M. (1989). Circlescope. Exhibition Catalogue of Drawings, Paintings and Prints. Ona Solo Exhibition Series 001. 1-2.
46. Oladugbagbe F.E.A., Abodunrin J.A. & Akintonde, M.A. (2008) “Impact of Zaria art society on Nigerian art institutions”. Styles, Schools and Movements in Modern Nigerian Art. Nigeria: National Gallery of Art.109-117.
47. Oloidi O. (2008) “Philosophical and ideological triumvirate: Schools, discourse and styles in modern Nigerian art”. Styles, Schools and Movements in Modern Nigerian Art. Nigeria: National Gallery of Art. 27-32
48. Oloidi, O. (1997). Readings on contemporary African arts. Unpublished Paper. University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
49. Onifade, M. (2006). “Araism: And the movement is born”. Araism Movement. Nigeria: Ara Studios. 5-7
50. Rick, K. (1990, May 2). “Special gives real feel for spirit of Nigerian art.” Chicago Tribune. Previewed by Michael Hill, Smithsonian World Explore African Art, Artists, Baltimore.
51. Saksena, A. (2009) Relevance of ideology today. Economics and Political Weekly, 44(32) 65-69. Retrieved August 20, 2021 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25663424
52. Sowole, T. (2017) “Nkoli-Ka… how 50years of Nsukka energized Nigerian art” in Artfield: Journal of Art and Visual Culture. https://artfield.com.ng

Otonye Bille Ayodele Ph.D, “Understanding The ISMS of Nigerian Post-Colonial Art Movements: An Ideological Path for Emerging Contemporary Art” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.47-57 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10407

Download PDF

pdf

A Comparison of the Mean CTDIvol and DLP Values for Adult Abdominal CT Examination for MTRH, Eldoret Hospital, St. Luke’s Hospital and Mediheal Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Edward Ouma, Rose Kittony, Elias Onditi April 2023 – Page No.: 58-69

Background: Advances in Computed Tomography (CT) have facilitated widespread use of medical imaging while increasing patient lifetime exposure to ionizing radiation. In Kenya we use the international DRLs as our point of reference and so far, no regional protocols for abdominal CT scan have been adopted. This study endeavors to form a basis for dose reference levels protocols for abdominal CT scan in Uasin Gishu County.
Objective: To compare the mean CTDIvol and DLP values for adult abdominal CT examination for MTRH, Eldoret Hospital, St. Luke’s Hospital and Mediheal Hospital.
Methods: This was a retrospective review of CT scans of 700 adult patients conducted in Uasin Gishu healthcare system at MTRH, Eldoret Hospital, Mediheal Hospital and St. Luke’s Hospital in a period of 1 year in the year 2021 using systematic and consecutive sampling. The Volumetric CT-dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) length from CT abdominal scans for the adults were collected from the various CT scans dose tracking software’s.
Results: The mean age of patients who underwent CT abdominal scans was 52 years with majority being females at 53 %. The mean CTDIvol was 81. (SD=22.2) and the mean DLP values was 1699.1 (SD=1053.1). Comparison by scan model demonstrated the median for the Total DLP and for the CTDIvol significantly differed by the model with the median for the Neusoft model being highest at 2538 mGy.cm and 10.3mGy respectively while those for the Siemens were the lowest for the two markers at 1318.5 mGy.cm for the DLP and 5.39mGy respectively. These findings were statistically significant with a p value of < 0.001. Comparison by the type of facility showed that the median DLP and CTDIvol values were significantly higher in the public facilities at 1668.8mGy.cm and 6.3mGy respectively when compared to private facilities at 1282.4mGy.cm and 5.9mGy with a p value of <0.001. The Local Dose reference level (LDRL) was set as the median value for CTDIVOL and DLP at 6.1mGy and 1465 mGy.cm respectively.
Conclusions: The LDRLs for the patients undergoing abdominal CT examination in Uasin Gishu healthcare system were markedly lower than the regional and the international values for the same abdominal CT examination.

Page(s): 58-69                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 10 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10408

 Edward Ouma
Department of Radiology and Imaging. Moi University School of Medicine, Kenya.

 Rose Kittony
Department of Radiology and Imaging. Moi University School of Medicine, Kenya.

 Elias Onditi
Department of Radiology and Imaging. Moi University School of Medicine, Kenya.

1. Fingerle AA, Noël PB. Dose reduction in abdominal CT: The road to submillisievert imaging. Eur Radiol. 2018;28(7):2743-2744. doi:10.1007/s00330-018-5397-z
2. Korir GK, Wambani JS, Korir IK, Tries M, Kidali MM. Frequency and collective dose of medical procedures in Kenya. Health Phys. 2013;105(6):522-533. doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e31829c35f4
3. Muhogora WE, Ahmed NA, Almosabihi A, et al. Patient doses in radiographic examinations in 12 countries in Asia, Africa, and Eastern Europe: Initial results from IAEA projects. Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(6):1453-1461. doi:10.2214/AJR.07.3039
4. Waszczuk Ł, Guziński M, Garcarek J, Sąsiadek M. Triple-phase abdomen and pelvis computed tomography: Standard unenhanced phase can be replaced with reduced-dose scan. Polish J Radiol. 2018;83:e166-e170. doi:10.5114/pjr.2018.75682
5. Tsai HY, Tung CJ, Huang MH, Wan YL. Analyses and applications of single scan dose profiles in computed tomography. Med Phys. 2003;30(8):1982-1989. doi:10.1118/1.1590315
6. Nikièma Z, Tové KS De, Sombié I, et al. Compliance of Computed Tomography Scan Requests in Sub-Saharan Africa. Open J Radiol. 2016;6(1):125-130. doi:10.4236/ojrad.2016.62019
7. Uushona V, Boadu M, Nyabanda R, Diagne M, Inkoom S, Issahaku S. ESTABLISHMENT OF REGIONAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS IN ADULT COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR FOUR AFRICAN COUNTRIES : A PRELIMINARY SURVEY. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2022;198(7):414-422.
8. Gathuru LM, Daniel G, Elias O, Gathuru LM, Onditi GD, Pitcher RD. Analysis of registered radiological equipment in Kenya. Pan Afr Med J. 2021;40(1):1-12.
9. Wambani JS, Korir GK, Onditi EG. A SURVEY OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING TECHNIQUES AND PATIENT DOSE IN KENYA. East Afr Med J. 2010;87(10):400-407.
10. Smith-bindman R, Wang Y, Chu P, et al. International variation in radiation dose for computed tomography examinations : prospective cohort study. 2019:1-12. doi:10.1136/bmj.k4931
11. Korir GK, Wambani JS, Korir IK, Tries MA, Boen PK. NATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVEL INITIATIVE FOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS IN KENYA. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2016;168(2):242-252.
12. Adam EAS. Estimation of Patient Dose in Abdominal CT Examinations in some Sudanese hospitals. 2016.
13. Musila M. ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION IN KNH USING 16 MULTI-SLICE CT SCAN : REVIEW OF ALARA PRACTICE IN MANAGING PATIENT DOSE. 2009.
14. Masjedi H, Hosein M, Neda Z, Siahpoush K, Kazem S, Ratki R. European trends in radiology : investigating factors affecting the number of examinations and the effective dose. Radiol Med. 2019;21(3):1-10. doi:10.1007/s11547-019-01109-6
15. Nagpal P, Priya S, Eskandari A, et al. Factors Affecting Radiation Dose in Computed Tomography Angiograms for Pulmonary Embolism : A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2020;10(74):1-8. doi:10.25259/JCIS
16. Tayal S, Ali A. Assessment of Effective Dose Received in Various Computed Tomography Protocols and Factors Affecting It. Indian J Nucl Med. 2021;36(2):1-8. doi:10.4103/ijnm.IJNM
17. Geso M, Tabatabaie F, Doyl E, Algithami S. Investigations of CT Dose with Contrast Agent and Its Effects on the CTDI. J Biomed Sci Eng. 2020;13(12):254-266.
18. Paolicchi F, Faggioni L, Bastiani L, Molinaro S, Caramella D, Bartolozzi C. Real practice radiation dose and dosimetric impact of radiological staff training in body CT examinations. Insights Imaging. 2013;4(2):239-244. doi:10.1007/s13244-013-0241-0
19. Sahbaee P, Abadi E, Segars WP, Marin D, Nelson RC. The Effect of Contrast Material on Radiation Dose at CT : Med Phys. 2017;283(3):749-757.
20. Cauteren T Van, Silva EH Da, Gompel G Van, et al. The Iodine Dose of Administered Contrast Media Determines the Level of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage during Cardiac CT Scans.; 2018.
21. Mazloumi M, Gompel G Van, Kerseman V, Me J de, Buls N. The presence of contrast agent increases organ radiation dose in contrast-enhanced CT. Eur Radiol. 2021;31(2):7540-7549.
22. Shofi M, Utami N, Sutanto H, Anam C, Laksono MB. Effect of Contrast Agent Administration on Size-Specific Dose Estimates ( SSDE ) Calculations based on Water Equivalent Diameter in CT Head Examinations. Int J Sci Res Sci Technol. 2021;11(1):1-9.
23. Nitasari A, Anam C, Budi WS, Wati AL, Syarifudin S, Dougherty G. Comparisons of Water-Equivalent Diameter Measured on Images of Abdominal Routine Computed Tomography with and without A Contrast Agent Comparisons of Water-Equivalent Diameter Measured on Images of Abdominal Routine Computed Tomography with and without A. Atom Indones. 2021;47(2):2021. doi:10.17146/aij.2021.1112
24. Tobi AC, Mokobia CE, Ikubor JE, Omojola AD, Ekpo ME, Akpolile AF. Diagnostic Reference Levels for Head and Abdominal Computed Tomography of Adult Patients in Selected States in South‑South Nigeria. J Radiat Cancer Res. 2021;12(1):46-52. doi:10.4103/jrcr.jrcr
25. Whitebird RR, Solberg LI, Bergdall AR, López-solano N, Smith-bindman R. Barriers to CT Dose Optimization: The Challenge of Organizational Change. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2022;28(3):387-392. doi:10.1016/j.acra.2020.02.016.Barriers
26. Yurt A, Özsoykal ˙Ismail, Kandemir R, Ada E. LOCAL STUDY OF DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS FOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS OF ADULT PATIENTS IN IZMIR ,. Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2020;13(1):1-6. doi:10.1093/rpd/ncaa121
27. Abba M, Ibrahim S. ASSESSMENT OF AVERAGE RADIATION DOSE FOR ABDOMINAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY EXAMINATIONS IN AMINU KANO TEACHING HOSPITAL , KANO. Bayero J Pure Appl Sci. 2018;11(2):1-8.
28. Erem G, Ameda F, Otike C, et al. Adult Computed Tomography examinations in Uganda : Towards determining the National Diagnostic Reference Levels. BMC Med Imaging. 2022;24(1):1-12. doi:10.1186/s12880-022-00838-x

Edward Ouma, Rose Kittony, Elias Onditi, “A Comparison of the Mean CTDIvol and DLP Values for Adult Abdominal CT Examination for MTRH, Eldoret Hospital, St. Luke’s Hospital and Mediheal Hospital: A Retrospective Study” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.58-69 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10408

Download PDF

pdf

Ola Oloidi in the Development of Modern Art History in Nigeria, 1980 – 2020
Odoja Asogwa, George C. Odoh, Nneka S. Odoh April 2023 – Page No.: 70-77

Employing historiography, this article traces the roles of the art historian, Ola Oloidi, in the origin and development of modern Nigerian art history. The study of art history in Nigeria before Oloidi’s intervention was akin to anthropology. In the mid-1980s, he presumably changed this trend. He originated what is today known as the history of modern Nigerian art and initiated strategies to reposition art historical studies in their correct perspective. He defended the cause of modern Nigerian art and art history through incisive and insightful texts buttressed with objective, constructive, and critical arguments. Thus, he left indelible footprints in the field of art historical studies in Nigeria. Ola Oloidi’s innovative and ground-breaking ideas about art and its reportage in Nigeria provide an inestimable fount of knowledge that other Nigerian art historians have drawn from to further advance historical discourses that deepen understanding of modern Nigerian art. He bequeathed the Art Historical Association of Nigeria (AHAN) to art historians to fight against anthropological dominance and the scientification of the art historical space.

Page(s): 70-77                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 10 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10409

 Odoja Asogwa
Department of Fine and Applied Arts, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

 George C. Odoh
Department of Fine and Applied Arts, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

 Nneka S. Odoh
Department of Fine and Applied Arts, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

1. Adeyemi, A. O., Osuntayo, F. P., & Adegbesan, O. T. (2021). Development of art history in Nigeria: The contribution of Professor emeritus Ola Oloidi. The Artfield, Journal of Art & Visual Culture, (4), pp. 40 – 46.
2. Asogwa, O. (2021a). Ola Oloidi: Giant of modern Nigerian art history. In S. O. Ikpakronyi, & O. C. Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent Art Historian and Critic (pp. 38–39). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
3. Asogwa, O. (2021b). Personality and identity in African art: Textile arts and artists in art historical studies. Nigerian Journal of Clothing and Textiles, 3(1), pp. 125 – 132.
4. Asogwa, O. (2022). Early development history of the Nsukka Art Department, 1961 – 1980. The Artfield, Journal of Art & Visual Culture, (5): pp. 11 – 27.
5. D’Alleva, A (2010). How to write art history (2nd ed.). London: Laurence King Publishing Ltd.
6. Dike, P. C. & Oyelola, P. (2006). Master of masters: Yusuf Grillo, his life and works. Abuja: National Gallery of Art Nigeria.
7. Diogu, G. O. (2011). A citation on Professor Ola Oloidi. 58th Inaugural Lecturer, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
8. Duniya, G. G. (2021). History of modern art in Nigeria and the scholar, Ola Oloidi. In S. O. Ikpakronyi, & O. C. Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 42 – 43). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
9. Edel, L. (1953). Henry James: The untried years, 1843 – 1870. New York: AVON Books.
10. Edel, L. (1962). Henry James: The middle years, 18823 – 1895. New York: AVON Books
11. Guillou, J. (1994). The World’s great paintings. New York: SMITHMARK Publishers, Inc.
12. Ikpakronyi S. O. & Onuzulike, O. C. (Eds.). (2021). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic. Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
13. Ikpakronyi, S. O. (2021). ”The Emergence of art historical association of Nigeria.” In S. O. Ikpakronyi, & O. C. Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent Art Historian and Critic (pp. 28– 30). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
14. Jegede, D. (2020, November 20). Good night, Ola Oloidi, patriarch, pioneer of art criticism. The Guardian. Available at: https://guardian.ng/art/goodnight-ola-oloidi-patriarch-pioneer-of-art-criticism/ (accessed 08 January 2023).
15. Jegede, D. (2021). Ola Oloidi: Combined erudition with distinction as an academic. In S. O. Ikpakronyi, & O. C. Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 5– 6). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
16. Johnson, P. (2003). Art: A new history. New York: Harper Collins publishers Inc.
17. Obiechina, E., Ike, C., & Umeh, J. A. (Eds.). 1986. “Appendix 5: Higher degree/diploma awards.” University of Nigeria, 1960-1985: An Experiment in higher education (pp. 386-402). Nsukka: University of Nigeria Press Ltd.
18. Odiboh, F. O. “Celebration of the life of emeritus Professor Ola Oloidi”. In S. O. Ikpakronyi, & O. C. Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 2– 5). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
19. Okpara. C. V. (2021). An intellectual phenomenon: Contributions of Ola Oloidi to the Nsukka school. The Artfield, Journal of Art & Visual Culture, (4): pp. 24 – 28.
20. Oloidi, O. (1976). A letter to the head of department, Fine and Applied Arts, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
21. Oloidi, O. (Ed.). (2004). Modern Nigerian art in historical perspectives. Abuja: Art Historical Association of Nigeria.
22. Oloidi, O. (2011). The rejected stone: Visual arts in an artistically uninformed Nigerian society. An Inaugural Lecture of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Nsukka: University of Nigeria Press ltd.
23. Oloidi, O. (2013). Knowledge scientification in Nigeria’s tertiary institutions: Implications for art and technology. 6th annual lecture delivered at the School of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Thursday 27th June, 2013.
24. Oloidi, O. (2017). Nsukka school: My journey to an art commune with a visibly outstanding difference. In Nkoli Ka: Nsukka School, After 50 Years (Jubilee celebration/exhibition of the Department of Fine and Applied Arts, University of Nigeria, Nsukka) (pp. 16–22). Nsukka: Department of Fine and Applied Arts.
25. Oloidi, P. O. (2021). My unique and exemplary daddy, brother and friend.” In S. O. Ikpakronyi & O. C Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 74– 76). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
26. Omoighe, M. O. A. (2021). “A tribute to odinowena: Professor emeritus Ola Oloidi In S. O. Ikpakronyi & O. C. Onuzulike. (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 31– 32). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
27. Onifade, M. (2021). Like Prof., like ifa priest. In S. O. Ikpakronyi & O. C. Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 56– 57). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
28. Onuzulike, O. (2023, April 24). Art is the basis of education, says Prof Ola Oloidi. Vanguard, 24 April 2011. Available at: https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/04/art-is-the-basis-of-education-says-prof-ola-oloidi/ (accessed: 08 January 2023).
29. Saliu, A. R. (2021). “Appreciative memory of meritus /sic/ Emeritus Professor Ola Oloidi”. In S. O. Ikpakronyi & O. C. Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 41– 42). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
30. Smagula, H. (1983). Currents:Contemporary directions in the visual arts. New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs.
31. Toimoloju, B. (2021). Ola Oloidi: The watchdog of watchdogs. In S. O. Ikpakronyi, & O. C Onuzulike (Eds.). Tributes to an icon, eminent art historian and critic (pp. 90–92). Abuja: National Gallery of Art.
32. University of Nigeria. (2017). Guidelines for Appointment and Promotions of Academic Staff: The Yellow Book, 5th Edition. Nsukka: University of Nigeria Press Ltd.

Odoja Asogwa, George C. Odoh, Nneka S. Odoh, “Critical Rationalism and Bayesianism” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.70-77 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10409

Download PDF

pdf

Thaha Jabir al-Alwani &Yusuf al-Qardlawi Founders of Minority Fiqh (FIQH AL AQALLIYAT)
N. Gafoordeen, M.M.M.Sabir April 2023 – Page No.: 78-83

Muslims today are faced with the challenge that the rules (laws) that have developed and been expressed in the Islamic religion on occasion would not fit with the present era. Indeed, there isn’t always a unifying theme in the sources of Islamic law. Nonetheless, there are instances when the laws are “inconsistent” with what they ought to be, and this makes them a source of law that we require in the present era. Extremism can occasionally arise as a result of the extreme disparity that exists. The long-winded legislation, according to one side, cannot be changed. We will occasionally live far away from Islam. These Muslims are, therefore, the ones who are impacted by this scenario. As a result, if the fact that they are a minority because of this circumstance, they urgently require a jurisprudence in order to live in harmony with the majority in their surroundings. So, while it does not contravene Islamic law, it also does not conflict with existing non-Muslim traditions or laws that are followed by the majority of people.

Page(s): 78-83                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 13 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10410

 N. Gafoordeen
Arabic and Islamic Civilization Unit, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka

 M.M.M.Sabir
Arabic and Islamic Civilization Unit, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka

1. Ashraf Abdul ‘Aati Al-Mimi, (2008), Fiqh Al-Aqalliyyât Al Muslima Bayn Al Nathariyya Wal Tatbiq, Dar Al-Kalima.
2. Hisham A. Hellyer, (2007), Minorities, Muslims and Sharî‘a: Some Reflections on Islamic Law and Muslims without Political Power.
3. Salah Sultan, Methodological Regulations for the Fiqh of Muslim Minorities, available at: http://islamicstudies.islammessage.com/Article.aspx?aid=308 (Last visited Feb. 10, 2012).
4. Shammai Fishman, (200), Fiqh al-Aqalliyyat: A Legal Theory for Muslim Minorities –Center on Islam, Democracy and the future of the Muslim world, Seiers No. 1, Paper No. 2.
5. Taha Jabir Alawani, (2010), Towards a Fiqh from Minorities Some Basic reflections, London: IIT.
6. Taha Jabir Alawani, (1989), Outlines of the Cultural Strategy, UK: IIT
7. Yusuf Al Qaradâwî, (2010), Al Watan Wal Muwatana Fi Dawu’ Al Osoul Al Aqadiyya Wal Maqâsid Al Shar’iyya 63-67, Cairo, Dar Al-Shorouq (2010) [translated in the country and citizenship in lights of Islamic fundamentals and Sharî‘a purposes].

N. Gafoordeen, M.M.M.Sabir, “Thaha Jabir al-Alwani &Yusuf al-Qardlawi Founders of Minority Fiqh (FIQH AL AQALLIYAT)” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.78-83 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10410

Download PDF

pdf

Changes in the Behavior and Population Growth of Rats Providing Favorable Conditions in Limited Space: A Review
Dr. Geetanjli Sahni, Navdeep April 2023 – Page No.: 84-87

During the present study, a review was carried out on changes in the behavior and population growth of rats providing favorable conditions in limited space. Overpopulation suppresses the carrying capacity of a particular geographical area. Overpopulation has become one of the most threatening global issues that impact the world adversely. Every year it grows by 1.2%. Scientists are fascinated about the fate of the human population and the behavioral influence among the population due to limited living space. Many Biologists and Ethologists perform various experiments taking rat population as model and consider it relevant to human population. Rats are social animals and have very similar societies like humans. Scientists can relate many behavioral and social similarities between human and rats. All the favorable conditions like bedding for nest, food and water in unlimited amount was provided to an inbuilt closed enclosure of rats but the only restriction was limited space. Population of rats increased exploitationly due to these conditions and got more catastrophic results throughout the study of over-population in the past years. Results are in the form of their behavioral breakdown which can be seen in the form of parental care and social fabrics. These results can predict the fate of the growing human population. High populated conditions concern Health-related issues and depressingly predict pro-reproductive attitude to have offspring in addition to optimistically predicted anti-reproductive attitudes above the influence of age, gender, and spiritual status.

Page(s): 84-87                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 15 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10411

 Dr. Geetanjli Sahni
Associate Professor and Head, Department of Zoology, Arya Post Graduate College, Panipat, Haryana, 132103, India

 Navdeep
Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Arya Post Graduate College, Panipat, Haryana, 132103, India

1. Andreassen, H.P., Sundell, J., Ecke, F. et al. (2021) Population cycles and outbreaks of small rodents: ten essential questions we still need to solve. Oecologia 195, 601–622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-020-04810-w
2. Calhoun, J. B. (1962) a. A behavioural sink. In E.L. Bliss (Ed.), Roots of behaviour. New York: Harper.
3. Calhoun, J. B. (1962) b. Population density and social pathology. Scientific American, 206 (2), 139-148.
4. Calhoun, J. B. (1962) c. The ecology and sociology of the Norway rat. Public Health Service Publication No. 1008, Washington, D.C.
5. Calhoun J.B. (1973) Death Squared: The Explosive Growth and Demise of a Mouse Population. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 1973; 66(1P2):80-88. doi:10.1177/00359157730661P202.
6. Denomme-Brown, S.T., Cottenie, K., Falls, J.B. et al. (2020) Variation in space and time: a long-term examination of density-dependent dispersal in a woodland rodent. Oecologia 193, 903–912. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-020-04728-3
7. Kaplan H. (1997). The evolution of the human life course. In Between Zeus and Salmon: The Biodemography of Longevity, ed. K Wachter, C Finch, pp. 175.211. Washington, DC: Natl. Acad. Sci.
8. Kaplan H. Lancaster JB. (1999). Skills-based competitive labour markets, the demographic transition, and the interaction of fertility and parental human capital in the determination
9. Kaplan H. Lancaster JB. (1999). Skills-based competitive labour markets, the demographic transition, and the interaction of fertility and parental human capital in the determination of child outcomes. In Human Behaviour and Adaptation: An Anthropological Perspective, ed. L Cronk,WIrons, N Chagnon. de Gruyter.
10. Kopnina, H., & Washington, H. (2016). Discussing why population growth is still ignored or denied. Chinese Journal of Population Resources and Environment, 14, 133–143.
11. Loseva E, Loginova N, Mezentseva M, Klodt P, Kudrin V, (2013). Immunological Parameters of the Blood and Monoamine Content in the Brain of Rats during Long-Term Overcrowding, Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 155, No. 4, August, 2013 IMMUNOLOGY
12. Peacock, S. H. (2018). Effect of ecosystem literacy on understanding the impact of human population growth on the environment—a multiple case study. Ecopsychology, 10, doi:10.1089/eco.2018.0006.

Dr. Geetanjli Sahni, Navdeep, “Changes in the Behavior and Population Growth of Rats Providing Favorable Conditions in Limited Space: A Review” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.84-87 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10411

Download PDF

pdf

Analyzing the Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Personalized Learning and Adaptive Assessment in Higher Education
Bundit Anuyahong, Chalong Rattanapong, Inteera Patcha April 2023 – Page No.: 88-93

This This research aims to examine the impact of AI on personalized learning and adaptive assessment in higher education and investigate the ethical and social implications of using AI in these contexts. A mixed-methods approach was used, involving surveys, interviews, focus groups, institutional records, and system logs to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. The population included higher education institutions that use AI in personalized learning and adaptive assessment systems, as well as students and educators who use these systems.
The results of the study showed that AI-based systems had a positive impact on student engagement and motivation, as well as providing personalized learning experiences. However, the analysis also revealed some limitations and potential concerns, such as technical issues and the potential for bias in the AI algorithms used in these systems. Ethical and social implications were analyzed using ethical frameworks such as the Belmont Report and principles of distributive justice. To ensure ethical and socially responsible use of AI in personalized learning and adaptive assessment, clear guidelines and standards for the development and implementation of these systems need to be established. This includes promoting transparency and accountability in the use of student data, ensuring that algorithms are developed and validated in a fair and unbiased manner, and involving diverse stakeholders in the design and implementation of these systems to promote equity and fairness. Informed consent should also be obtained from students and other stakeholders, and measures should be taken to ensure that student data is kept confidential and secure. Ongoing monitoring and evaluation should be conducted to assess the impact of AI-based systems on student outcomes and to identify and address any unintended consequences or biases.

Page(s): 88-93                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 15 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10412

 Bundit Anuyahong
Assistant Professor Dr., Southport, QLD, Australia

 Chalong Rattanapong
Business English Department, Faculty of Business Administration, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Wang Klai Kangwon Campus, Thailand

 Inteera Patcha
English Education Program, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University

1. DeBoer, J., Ho, A. D., Stoll, J., & Admiraal, W. (2020). Analyzing the impact of artificial intelligence on teaching and learning in higher education. Educational Researcher, 49(1), 49-58.
2. Kosaraju, R., Khajah, M., Ramachandran, D., & Samarasekera, S. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review. In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE) (pp. 511-516). IEEE.
3. Graesser, A. C., & Hu, X. (2020). Artificial intelligence in education: History and prospects. In International Handbook of the Learning Sciences (pp. 47-60). Routledge.
4. Baker, R. S., Rodrigo, M. M. T., & Labrum, M. (2018). Ethical and privacy issues in the application of learning analytics. Journal of Learning Analytics, 5(3), 4-13.
5. Siemens, G. (2013). Learning analytics: The emergence of a discipline. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(10), 1380-1400.
6. Nordmann, E., Kuepper-Tetzel, C. E., Robson, L., & Phillipson, S. (2021). The Promise and Perils of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A Futures Report. Frontiers in Education, 6, 606803.
7. Darling-Hammond, L., & Flook, L. (2021). Artificial intelligence and the future of education: Policy brief. Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy in Education.
8. Fernández-Baizán, C., Pardo, A., & Kloos, C. D. (2020). Artificial intelligence in education: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 23(2), 221-233.
9. Johnson, L., Adams Becker, S., Cummins, M., Estrada, V., Freeman, A., & Ludgate, H. (2018). NMC/CoSN Horizon Report: 2018 K-12 Edition. The New Media Consortium.
10. Koedinger, K. R., & Corbett, A. T. (2006). Cognitive tutors: Technology bringing learning science to the classroom. In Handbook of educational psychology (pp. 645-654). Routledge.
11. Lauriault, T. P., & Martimianakis, M. A. (2021). Artificial intelligence in medical education: current perspectives. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 12, 135.
12. Scheuer, O., & Loll, F. (2013). Educational data mining: A review of the state-of-the-art. In Proceedings of the 6th international conference on educational data mining (pp. 1-2).
13. Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators?. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 39.

Bundit Anuyahong, Chalong Rattanapong, Inteera Patcha, “Critical Rationalism and Bayesianism” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.88-93 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10412

Download PDF

pdf

Subcontracting and Performance of Oil and Gas Industries in Nigeria (Study of Addax Petroleum Development Nigeria Limited)
Ononokpono, Nyong Joe, Osademe, Gloria Chinagozi, & Prof. Akewushola Raheem Olasupo April 2023 – Page No.: 94-105

The oil and gas industry is no doubt the nucleus of our mono-product Nigeria economy. The economy and operators, the industry are vulnerable to the characteristic turbulence of the product market in terms of volatile prices, marginal oil fields, extreme locations, new global business trends among others. Hence, subcontracting is one of the pragmatic management techniques that is gaining currency in literature and its being adopted by firms in the industry. Organisations attempt to concentrate more on their core competence production facts and engage other allied firms to argument the rest via subcontracting. The study adopted a survey research design. The study population is made up of (107) one hundred and seven professionals, contractors, consultants, project managers engaged by Addax Petroleum Development Nigeria Limited. The study considered and enumerated the total population as the sample for the study. Content validated structured questionnaire was used as the research instrument. The coefficient alpha of the scale items was 0.17. A combination of both descriptive and regression analysis were employed to analyse the data collected. The research findings depict that subcontracting positively affect the optimum performance of the firm and minimizes overhead running cost. However, for product quality assurance, contracting firms should not concede to the lowest price bidder. Also, it’s imperative that the payment terms should be agreed upon and be favourable to both parties before the engagement activities commence.

Page(s): 94-105                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 18 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10413

 Ononokpono, Nyong Joe
Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria

 Osademe, Gloria Chinagozi
Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria

 Prof. Akewushola Raheem Olasupo
Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria

1. Addax Oil Company (2020). China Petrochhemical Corporation, Mirror Lake Oil and Gas Company Limited. Beijing, China.
2. Adeyemi, L. O. (2019). “The Challenges of Democratic Governance in Nigeria.” International Journal of Business and Social Sciences. 2(1), 41–54.
3. Arditi, D. &Chotibhongs, R. (2019). Issues in subcontracting practice. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, (ASCE) 131(8), 866-887.
4. Barthelemy, J.&Quelim, B.V. (2022). Journal of Management Studies. Complexity of Outsourcing Contracts and Ex post Transaction Cost. 16(6), 292 – 302.
5. Barthélemy, M. and Donada, K. (2022). Supply-chain management issues in the oil and gas industry. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 5(6), 27–36.
6. Central Bank of Nigeria (2018). Quarterly Economic Report. Retrieved February 10, 2022, from https://www.cbn.gov.ng/out/2018/rsd/cbn%20economic%20report%20third%20quarter%20%20%202018%20published.pdf
7. Cheng, J., Lee, C. & Chen, H. (2020). Assessing inter-organisational performance in the supply chain: Corporate social responsibility as a mediator.Asia PacificManagement Review, 19(1), 61–79
8. Chima, C. M., & Hills, D. (2021). Supply-chain management issues in the oil and gas industry. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 5(6), 27–36.
9. Construction Industry Development Board, South Africa (2020). Subcontracting in the South African construction industry; Opportunities for Development, CIBD, South Africa. International Journal of Production Economics. Elsevier, 47(4), 31–43.
10. Dossick, C. S., &Schunk, T. K. (2021) Subcontractor schedule-control method.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 133(3), 262-265.
11. Ernst, B. M., & Young, M. F. (2020).UK Upstream Oil and Gas Supply Chain. London: Economic Contribution. International Journal of Production Economics. Elsevier, 7(4), 53–54.
12. Etim, G.O. (2020). An Overview of the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Local Content Initiative.Energy Mix Report. Retrieved https://www.energymixreport.com/
13. Guers R. (2020). Issues in subcontracting practice. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, (ASCE) 131(8), 866-887.
14. Hart, M. (2022). BP Oil Spill: Outsourcing versus Subcontracting. Computer world UK from IDG, International Journal of Production Economics. Elsevier, 7(3), 51–53.
15. International Energy Agency (2020).2020 Key World Energy Statistics. Paris: International Energy Agency. Journal of Management in Engineering, 6(2), 4–5.
16. Jin, X. P., Zhang G., Xia, B., &Feng, Y. (2020). Relationship between Head Contractors and Subcontractors in the Construction Industry: A Critical Review, in Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Construction in the 21st Century (CITC-VII), Bangkok, Thailand.
17. Kumaraswamy, M. M., & Matthews, J. (2000). Improved subcontractor selection employing partnering principles.ASCE Journal of Management in Engineering, 16(2), 47–57.
18. Lucato, W. C., Calarge, F. A., Junior, M. L., &Calado, R. D. (2020). Performance evaluation of lean manufacturing implementation in Brazil.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(5), 529–549.
19. Mbachu, J. (2021). A conceptual framework for the assessment of subcontractors’ eligibility and performance in the construction industry.Construction Management & Economics, 26(1), 471-484.
20. Mcneill, C and Chapman, O. (2019). The effect of relationship management on project performance in construction. International Journal of Project Management, 30(2019), 188-198.
21. Meng, X. (2019). The effect of relationship management on project performance in construction.International Journal of Project Management, 30(2019), 188-198.
22. Miller, C., Packham, G., & Thomas, B. (2002). Harmonisation between MCs and SCs: A prerequisite for lean construction? Journal of Construction Research, 3(1), 67-82.
23. Momodu I.K., (2020). The Impact on Economic Growth of Nigeria’s Oil Dependency. A Paper presented at the International Institute for Social Sciences for Masters’ Degree in Arts Development Studies. 6(1), 4–5.
24. Morris, M., VanOpdorp, J., & Miller, T. (2019). Managing and MitigatingSubcontractor Default Risk, Lockton Companies. Retrieved June 9, 2022, from www.lockton.com
25. O’Brien, W.J. (1998), Construction Supply-Chain Management: A Vision forAdvanced Coordination, Costing, and Control
26. Ohnuma, J. (2022). Assessing inter-organisational performance in the supply chain: Corporate social responsibility as a mediator. Asia PacificManagement Review, 19(1), 61–79
27. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (2015). OPEC-IEA Cooperation and the International Oil Market Outlook. Retrieved from http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/886.htm
28. Popoli, P. (2022). The role of the outsourcing contracts from a partnership – based perspective. Chinese Business Review, June, 16(6), 292 – 302
29. Quélin, T. and Duhamel, S. (2020). Subcontractor schedule-control method. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 133(3), 262-265.
30. Rui, Z., Li, C., Ling, K., Chen, G., Zhou, X., & Chang, H. (2020). Development of industry performance metrics for the offshore oil and gas project.Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering. Elsevier B.V, 26(2), 44–53.
31. Tafti, M.H.A. (2021). Risk Factors associated with IT outsourcing. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 105(5), 549-560
32. Tam, V. W., Shen, L. Y., & Kong, J. S. (2019). Impacts of multi-layer chain subcontracting on project management performance. International Journal of Project Management, 29(3), 108–116.
33. Toluwase, T.O. (2018). Exploring Strategies for outsourcing oil and gas functions in the cloud and analysing the implications for the oil and gas Industry, Liverpool. International Journal of Recent Engineering Research and Development (IJRERD). ISSN: 2455-8761. www.ijrerd.com//volume05-Issue , 46-60
34. Varma, S., Wadhwa, S., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2018). Evaluating petroleum supply chain performance: Application of analytical hierarchy process to the balanced scorecard. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 20(3), 343–356.
35. Wildgoose, N. (2020). Understanding your supply chain to reduce the risk of supply chain disruption. Journal of Business Continuity & Emergency Planning, 6(1), 55–67.
36. Wildgoose, N., Brennan, P., & Thompson, S. (2019). Understanding your supply chain to reduce the risk of supply chain disruption.Journal of Business Continuity & Emergency Planning, 6(1), 55–67.
37. Yusuf, Y. Y., Gunasekaran, A., Musa, A., El-Berishy, N., Abubakar, T., &Ambursa, H. (2020). The UK oil and gas supply chains: An empirical analysis of the adoption of sustainable measures and performance outcomes. International Journal of Production Economics. Elsevier, 146(2), 501–514.
38. Yusuf, Y. Y., Gunasekaran, A., Musa, A., El-Berishy, N., Abubakar, T., &Ambursa, H. (2018). A relational study of supply chain agility, competitiveness and business performance in the oil and gas industry. International Journal of Production Economics. Elsevier, 147(4), 531–543.

Ononokpono, Nyong Joe, Osademe, Gloria Chinagozi, & Prof. Akewushola Raheem Olasupo, “Subcontracting and Performance of Oil and Gas Industries in Nigeria (Study of Addax Petroleum Development Nigeria Limited)” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.94-105 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10413

Download PDF

pdf

The Translation of Metaphors of Emotions of Anger from EkeGusii to English Using the Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory
Gillphine Chebunga Onkware, Jared Bravin Menecha, Margaret Kerubo Ogeto April 2023 – Page No.: 106-112

The aim of this paper was to discuss common words used in reference to anger in Ekegusii, a Bantu speaking community in Kisii and Nyamira counties in Kenya. Using the Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Kövecses 2020), linguistic expressions of anger that were recorded in a pilot study have been analyzed for metaphorical content, thereafter a translation was made from Ekegusii to English to check for the translation challenges. The findings reveal that Ekegusii displays differences in the conceptualization of anger as compared to English. One notable difference is realized about where anger comes from in Ekegusii. Anger as an emotion is conceptualized as coming from an external source and therefore it ‘catches’ persons. In the same regard, a person ‘hears’ anger thereby showing that anger is an external emotion that is personified

Page(s): 106-112                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 25 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10414

 Gillphine Chebunga Onkware
Africa International University

 Jared Bravin Menecha
Daystar University

 Margaret Kerubo Ogeto
Quantic School of Business and Technology, Washington DC

1. Creswell, J. W., Fetters, M. D., & Ivankova, N. V. (2004). Designing a mixed methods study in primary care. The Annals of Family Medicine, 2(1), 7-12.
2. Christensen, L.B., Johnson, R.B &Turner, L.A (2010). Research methods,design and analysis (11th ed.) Boston.MA : Allyn & Bacon
3. Croft, W., & Cruse, D. A. (2004). Cognitive linguistics. Cambridge University Press.
4. Huebner, B. (2021). The Emptiness of Anger. Journal of Buddhist Philosophy, 3, 50-67.
5. King, B. (1989). The Conceptualization of emotions. Experience in Chinese. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation United States University. USA.
6. Kövecses, Z. (1986). Metaphors of Anger, Pride, and Love. Amsterdam: John Benjamins
7. Kövecses, Z. (1990). Emotion Concepts. New York: Springer Verlag.
8. Kövecses, Z. (2000). Metaphor and Emotion. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
9. Kövecses, Z. (2002). Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
10. Kövecses, Z. (2006). Language, Mind, and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
11. Kövecses, Z. (2010a). Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Second edition. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press
12. Kövecses, Z. (2013). The metaphor-metonymy relationship: Correlation metaphors are based on metonymy. Metaphor and Symbol, 28(2), 75–88. doi:10.1080/10926488.2013.768498
13. Kövecses, Zoltán. (2015). Where Metaphors Come From: Reconsidering Context in Metaphor Oxford: Oxford University Press.
14. Kövecses, Zoltán. 2017. Levels of metaphor. Cognitive Linguistics, 28(2), 321–347. doi:10.1515/cog-2016-0052
15. Kövecses, Z. (2020). An extended view of conceptual metaphor theory. Review of Cognitive Linguistics. Published under the auspices of the Spanish Cognitive Linguistics Association. John Benjamins 18(1). 112–130.
16. Matsuki, K. (1995). Metaphors of anger in Japanese. Language and the cognitive construal of the world 82: 137-151.
17. Matsumoto, D., & Hwang, H. S. (2012). Culture and emotion: The integration of biological and cultural contributions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43(1), 91-118.
18. Newmark, P. (1988). Pragmatic translation and literalism. TTR: traduction, terminologie, rédaction, 1(2), 133-145.
19. Nida, E. A., & Taber, C. R. (2003). The nature of translating. In The Theory and Practice of Translation (pp. 12-32). Brill.
20. Shweder, R. A. (2008). The cultural psychology of suffering: The many meanings of health in Orissa, India (and elsewhere). Ethos, 36(1), 60-77.
21. Spielberger, C. D., Jacobs, G., Russell, S., & Crane, R. S. (2013). Assessment of anger: The state-trait anger scale. In Advances in personality assessment (pp. 161-189). Routledge.
22. Taylor, J. R., & Mbense, T. G. (1998). Red dogs and rotten mealies: How Zulus talk about anger. Speaking of emotions: Conceptualization and expression, 10, 191-226.
23. Thuo, P. K. (2021). A Complementary Approach to the Interpretation and Translation of Biblical Metaphors. Langham Monographs.
24. Wilss, W. (1996). Translation as intelligent behavior. BENJAMINS TRANSLATION LIBRARY, 18, 161-168.

Gillphine Chebunga Onkware, Jared Bravin Menecha, Margaret Kerubo Ogeto, ” The Translation of Metaphors of Emotions of Anger from EkeGusii to English Using the Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory ” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.106-112 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10414

Download PDF

pdf

Why is it Necessary to Protect Migrants’ Status within Member Countries of the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS)? Assessing the Stakes and Relevance of Ensuring a Protective Environment for Migrants
Lidwina Dope Nyadjroh Gabsa April 2023 – Page No.: 113-121

The protection of migrant right is a principle of international humanitarian law, ratified by most states, including the states of the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS), where, the movement of persons is thought to be free and has increased significantly. Although the legal aspect of migrant status and protection has been emphasized, the benefit such protection brings to the host state has been underestimated. The purpose of this article is to fill this gap by identifying and explaining not only the legal environment in which migrants live and operate within ECCAS but also, the benefits achieved by states when they embrace migrants and engage in their protection. The movement of persons within members of the ECCAS is not only a manifestation of the legal will of states of the region to protect migrant status, but also, such movements come with developmental benefits for member states. This article partly seeks to explore the advantages that Cameroon, Chad and Gabon acquire as member states of the ECCAS region when protecting foreigners in accordance with their local legislation and dispositions. Apart from the global symbolic benefits that these countries acquire as members of the international community, they are also thought to achieve real time benefits of national and regional significance when they embrace migrants from neighboring states and ensure their status is protected.

Page(s): 113-121                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 25 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10415

 Lidwina Dope Nyadjroh Gabsa
Senior Lecturer, University of Yaounde II, Soa

1. African Development Bank Report (2011) “Gabon: Country assistance evaluation 1996-2008” p.3, available at https://www.oecd.org/countries/gabon/48158419.pdf,
2. Artadi, Elsa V. and Xavier Sala-i-Martin. (2003). “The Economic Tragedy of the XXth Century: Growth in Africa.” Working Paper 9865. National Bureau of Economic Research.
3. Bloom, Canning, and Sevilla. (2001). “Economic Growth and the Demographic Transition.” NBER Working Paper #8685. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
4. Borjas, G. et al., (1997) “How much do immigration and trade affect labor market outcomes?” Brookings papers on economic activity, Volume 1997, No.1, pp.1-90.
5. Brücker et al., (2002) “Managing migration in European welfare state” Migration policy and the welfare system, Volume 14, Oxford University Press, 1-168.
6. Cortina, Jeronimo. (2009) “Survival in Mexico: Remittances and Social Assistance among Children and Women Left-Behind.” Draft working paper for the ODI/UNICEF Conference on “The impact of the global food, fuel, and financial crises and policy responses: A child-sensitive approach”.
7. Docquier, F., Lohest, O., & Marfouk, A. (2007). Brain Drain in Developing Countries. The World Bank Economic Review, 21(2), 193–218. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40282242.
8. Freund Caroline, (2005) “Remittances: Transaction Costs, Determinants, and Informal Flows”, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3704, September 2005.
9. Global Commission on International Migration (2005), Migration in an Interconnected World: New Directions for Action, Geneva: Switzerland.
10. Law No.92/007 of 14 August 1992 establishing the Cameroon Labour Code.
11. Orozco with Jewers, (2014) “Economic Status and Remittance Behavior Among Latin American and Caribbean Migrants in the Post-Recession Period,” Inter-American Development Bank.

Lidwina Dope Nyadjroh Gabsa, “Why is it Necessary to Protect Migrants’ Status within Member Countries of the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS)? Assessing the Stakes and Relevance of Ensuring a Protective Environment for Migrants” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.113-121 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10415

Download PDF

pdf

The Contributions of Language to The Cultural Heritage of The Hausa Society
Orji Dereck-M. Akachukwu (PhD) & Muomalu, Ukamaka Cynthia April 2023 – Page No.: 122-129

Language is the most important information and communication characteristic of all human beings. Only human beings have spoken and written language and language is the key note of culture because without it, culture does not exist. Language is power as well as great instrument for cultural preservation and transmission. This paper discusses the influence of language on the Hausa culture. How language affects the Hausa speaking community in Nigeria. This paper points out how language affects the thinking, career, norms, traditions etc. of the speech community of study. It is the medium of language that conveys the socio-political, economic, and religious thoughts from individual to individual and from generation to generation. Language and culture are so intertwined that one cannot survive without the other.

Page(s): 122-129                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 25 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10416

 Orji Dereck-M. Akachukwu (PhD)
Department of Linguistics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

 Muomalu, Ukamaka Cynthia
Department of Linguistics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

1. Acholonu, C. 2010. Igbo Language as a medium of expression, communication and instruction past and present: What prospects in the 21st century? A key note lecture at the international conference on the Extinction of Igbo language. Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri, July 16-17, 2010.
2. Aja Akpuru Aja. 2008. Language, Culture and Power Polities: Lessons from the promotion of Nigerian Language and Culture. A realist Analysis. Journal of Nigerian Languages and Culture, 10, 1, 1-5, Owerri: APNILAC.
3. Aliyu, S. 1998. Proposed Zaria Culture Centre. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, Architecture, ABU Zaria.
4. Amadi, E. 1982. Ethic in Nigerian Culture. Ibadan: Heinemann Educational publications.
5. Anigbogu, P.N, Mbah, B.M, and Eme, C.A. 2010. Introduction to Linguistics. 2nd edition. Awka: Amaka Breams Limited.
6. Aremu, D.A. 2008. Preservation of Land, Culture and Wildlife for the Development of Ecotourism in Africa. Ibadan: Spectrum Books Limited.
7. Cartwright, M. 2019. Hausaland. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net. Accessed on 30th March, 2020.
8. Eluyemi, O.2002. The Preservation of Nigerian Cultural Heritage: Challenges and Prospects. Fourth Passey Wai Andah Memorial Lecture, Ibadan. Textflow Limited.
9. Fasuyi, T.A.1973. Cultural Policy in Nigeria: Studies and Documents on Cultural Policies. Paris: UNESCO.
10. Gali, K.U and Danjuma, A.Y. 2019. Socio-cultural Rejuvenation: A Quest for Architectural Contribution in Kano Cultural Centres, Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Academic Research Social and Management Sciences, 5,3, 46-56.
11. Geortz, C.1973. The Interpretation of Culture. London: Basic Books.
12. Hornby, A.S. 1999. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English. 5thedition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.im
13. Ifemesia, C.2001. The Place of local languages in Nigeria today. In B. Ikara (ed). Nigeria languages and cultural development. Lagos: The National Language Centre Federal Ministry of Education. Ibadan: Mosuro Publishers.
14. Igbokwe, B.N. 2013. Language and Identity: A case of Igbo language, Nigeria. InternationalJournal of Development and Management Review,8,1,144-158.
15. Malinowski, M. 2012. On Culture and Inequality: regression analysis of hofstede’s ginternational cultural dimensions and the Gini co-efficient. Xavier Journal of Polities, 3, 2.
16. Njemanze, o. 2008. The Symbiotic Relationship between Language and Culture: A powerful force in the Nigerian State. Journal of Nigerian Languages and Culture, 26, 101. Owerri: APNILAC.
17. Nnonyelu, A N. 2009. Sociological Insights, Ibadan: Spectrum Books Limited.
18. Obot, J.U 2002. Nigeria: The people and their Heritage. Calabar: Wusen Press.
19. Ogundele, S.O. 2000. Fundamentals of Archaeology: An Introduction. Ibadan: Ejimasons Nigeria Enterprises.
20. Onyima, B.N. Nigerian Cultural Heritage: Preservation, Challenges and Prospects. Ogirisi, a new Journal of African Studies, 12, 273-292.
21. Okeke, V. 2000.Language and Culture and their complementaryin language learning. Journal of Nigerian Languages and Culture, 2,78. Owerri: APNILAC.
22. Olotuah, D.E. 2016. Examining the impact of culture on negotiation between the British and the Chinese people in Higher Educational Setting at Shiffield Halam University. Unpublished Masters in International Business Management Shiffield BusinessSchool Shiffield Halam University.UK. 80pp.
23. Olotuah, A.O and Olotuah, D.E. 2016. Space and Cultural Development in Hausa Traditional Housing. International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Research Technology, 5, 9, 654-659.
24. Roger, V and Fleck, D. 2012. Understanding Propensity to initiate Negotiations: anexamination of the effects of culture and personality. International Journal of Conflict Management, 23, 3, 266-289.
25. Sekou, T.A. 1978. Africa on the move. Conakry: Lumumba National Press.
26. Taylor, M.G. 2002. Philosophy and Practice of aechitecture. Association of Architectural Education in Nigeria (AARCHEN) Journal, 2, 13.
27. The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1975.15th edition. Vol 10. London: William Benton Publishers.
28. Udeze, C.V. 2002. Language and Linguistics in the Education of the Igbo Child. AJUJournal of Igbo Arts and Culture, 6, 114-115.

Orji Dereck-M. Akachukwu (PhD) & Muomalu, Ukamaka Cynthia, “The Contributions of Language to The Cultural Heritage of The Hausa Society” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.122-129 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10416

Download PDF

pdf

Measures of Day and Night Times Ozone (O3) Concentration in Parts of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Onengiyeofori A. Davies, Sudum Esaenwi, Nicholas N. Tasie April 2023 – Page No.: 130-136

This work was aimed at taking measures of ozone concentration during day and night times in Port Harcourt. To this end, we employed a smart unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that we had previously designed and constructed to take measures of atmospheric zone concentration in mg/m3. We collected data, in 5-minutes intervals, at noon for 245 minutes within 1pm-3:45pm and at night for 180minutes within 8pm-10pm on the 18/11/2022 on our pilot launch. The data collected was determined by how long our device battery could last on the pilot launch. Our results from the day time measures of ozone concentration showed that the concentration of ozone was quite stable, remaining between 0.1 and 0.2 mg/m3 the whole period while the night time observation shows a natural rise in ozone levels throughout this time period, with concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 0.06 mg/m3. This shows that the ozone concentration was higher during the night time, which could be attributed to Port Harcourt being an urban area and the weather condition in Port Harcourt during the period of this study.

Page(s): 130-136                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 25 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10417

 Onengiyeofori A. Davies
Physics Department, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria

 Sudum Esaenwi
Physics Department, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria

 Nicholas N. Tasie
Physics Department, Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria

Andersen, S.O. and K.M. Sarma, Protecting the ozone layer: the United Nations history. 2012: Earthscan.
2. Graedel, T.E. and P.J. Crutzen, The changing atmosphere. Scientific American, 1989. 261(3): p. 58-69.
3. Soh, Y.C., F. Roddick, and J. Van Leeuwen, The future of water in Australia: The potential effects of climate change and ozone depletion on Australian water quality, quantity and treatability. The Environmentalist, 2008. 28: p. 158-165.
4. Diffey, B., Climate change, ozone depletion and the impact on ultraviolet exposure of human skin. Physics in Medicine Biology, 2003. 49(1): p. R1.
5. Barnes, P., T. Robson, P. Neale, C. Williamson, R. Zepp, S. Madronich, S. Wilson, A. Andrady, A. Heikkilä, and G. Bernhard, Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2021. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 2022. 21(3): p. 275-301.
6. McKenzie, R.L., P.J. Aucamp, A.F. Bais, L.O. Björn, M. Ilyas, and S. Madronich, Ozone depletion and climate change: impacts on UV radiation. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 2011. 10(2): p. 182-198.
7. Mohanakumar, K., Stratosphere troposphere interactions: an introduction. 2008: Springer Science & Business Media.
8. Rasilla, D.F., A. Martilli, F. Allende, and F. Fernández, Long‐term evolution of cold air pools over the Madrid basin. International Journal of Climatology, 2023. 43(1): p. 38-56.
9. Martens, P., Health and climate change: modelling the impacts of global warming and ozone depletion. 2014: Routledge.
10. Zubov, V., E. Rozanov, T. Egorova, I. Karol, and W. Schmutz, Role of external factors in the evolution of the ozone layer and stratospheric circulation in 21st century. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2013. 13(9): p. 4697-4706.
11. Ramaswamy, V., M. Schwarzkopf, and W. Randel, Fingerprint of ozone depletion in the spatial and temporal pattern of recent lower-stratospheric cooling. Nature, 1996. 382: p. 616-618.
12. Qian, W., K. Wu, and D. Chen, The Arctic and Polar cells act on the Arctic sea ice variation. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 2015. 67(1): p. 27692.
13. Reis, A.H. and A. Bejan, Constructal theory of global circulation and climate. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2006. 49(11-12): p. 1857-1875.
14. Zhang, Y., H. Mao, A. Ding, D. Zhou, and C. Fu, Impact of synoptic weather patterns on spatio-temporal variation in surface O3 levels in Hong Kong during 1999–2011. Atmospheric Environment, 2013. 73: p. 41-50.
15. Gao, D., M. Xie, X. Chen, T. Wang, J. Liu, Q. Xu, X. Mu, F. Chen, S. Li, and B. Zhuang, Systematic classification of circulation patterns and integrated analysis of their effects on different ozone pollution levels in the Yangtze River Delta Region, China. Atmospheric Environment, 2020. 242: p. 117760.
16. Randel, W.J. and F. Wu, Cooling of the Arctic and Antarctic polar stratospheres due to ozone depletion. Journal of Climate, 1999. 12(5): p. 1467-1479.
17. Ivy, D.J., S. Solomon, N. Calvo, and D.W. Thompson, Observed connections of Arctic stratospheric ozone extremes to Northern Hemisphere surface climate. Environmental Research Letters, 2017. 12(2): p. 024004.
18. Turner, J., H. Lu, J. King, G.J. Marshall, T. Phillips, D. Bannister, and S. Colwell, Extreme temperatures in the Antarctic. Journal of Climate, 2021. 34(7): p. 2653-2668.
19. Esaenwi, S., N.N. Tasie, and O.A. Davies, Development of Smart UAV (Drone) ozone (O3) monitoring system in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2023. 17(03): p. 558-568.
20. Brassard, D.J., Ozone: The Earth’s Sunscreen. 1992: Citeseer.
21. Holloway, A.M. and R.P. Wayne, Atmospheric Chemistry. 2015: Royal Society of Chemistry.
22. Akhobadze, G. Ozone layer destruction and ways of its recovery. in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2020. IOP Publishing.
23. Ravishankara, A., J.S. Daniel, and R.W. Portmann, Nitrous oxide (N2O): the dominant ozone-depleting substance emitted in the 21st century. Science, 2009. 326(5949): p. 123-125.
24. Singh, A. and A. Bhargawa, Atmospheric burden of ozone depleting substances (ODSs) and forecasting ozone layer recovery. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2019. 10(3): p. 802-807.
25. Wang, T., Y. Wu, T. Cheung, and K.S. Lam, A study of surface ozone and the relation to complex wind flow in Hong Kong. Atmospheric Environment, 2001. 35(18): p. 3203-3215.
26. Ran, L., C. Zhao, W. Xu, X. Lu, M. Han, W. Lin, P. Yan, X. Xu, Z. Deng, and N. Ma, VOC reactivity and its effect on ozone production during the HaChi summer campaign. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2011. 11(10): p. 4657-4667.
27. Marr, L.C. and R.A. Harley, Modeling the effect of weekday− weekend differences in motor vehicle emissions on photochemical air pollution in Central California. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002. 36(19): p. 4099-4106.
28. Han, S., H. Bian, Y. Feng, A. Liu, X. Li, F. Zeng, and X. Zhang, Analysis of the relationship between O3, NO and NO2 in Tianjin, China. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2011. 11(2): p. 128-139.
29. David, L.M. and P.R. Nair, Diurnal and seasonal variability of surface ozone and NOx at a tropical coastal site: Association with mesoscale and synoptic meteorological conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2011. 116(D10).
30. Chan, C. and L. Chan, Effect of meteorology and air pollutant transport on ozone episodes at a subtropical coastal Asian city, Hong Kong. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2000. 105(D16): p. 20707-20724.

Onengiyeofori A. Davies, Sudum Esaenwi, Nicholas N. Tasie, ” Measures of Day and Night Times Ozone (O3) Concentration in Parts of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria ” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.130-136 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10417

Download PDF

pdf

Evaluation of Participatory Communication in the Governance of Busia County – Kenya
Michael Otieno Oloo, Prof. W. Okumu Bigambo, Dr. Masibo Lumala April 2023 – Page No.: 137-153

Public Participation (PP) was inscribed in the Kenya’s 2010 constitution to facilitate collaborative dialogue in governance. Inclusive governance was meant to facilitate and sustain citizen’s empowerment and developmental wellbeing. Busia County has been on record for high poverty rate. The study explored the communicative challenges that inhibit the performances of Participatory Communication (PC) in governance of the County. The questions comprised: How does Busia County use Public Participation as a tool of communication with the stakeholders? What are the communication benefits of Public Participation in Busia County? What are the communication challenges of using Public Participation in governance at Busia County? Newcomb’s communication model was applied to illustrate the role of PP as the communicative tool in governance. The study was carried out through qualitative approach via case study method. Barnlund’s Transactional Model, provided the study with functional communication cues inherent in collaborative engagements. Conflict Theory was applied to illustrate the factors that create systematic disorders in organizations. Purposive sampling was used to raise 35 participants from seven sub counties of the county. The participants comprised teachers, traders, farmers, MCAs and County Government staff. The qualitative data was analyzed through thematic technique. The study established apathy and lack of committed goodwill by the leadership as the major setback to PP performance in governance. The knowledge about functions of PC in the performance of PP in governance is significant information to academia. To policy makers, the findings are useful for formulating and sustaining legal and enforceable communication framework to improve inclusive governance. To practice, the proposed ideals would empower PRE’s to be the responsible advocates and enforce goodwill for mutual gains of all county stakeholders. The findings would further good governance in CG to facilitate the general publics to have a say in prioritization and implementation of their development wishes. These ideals would liberate citizens from challenges associated with underdevelopment, thus culminating to sustainable livelihood.

Page(s): 137-153                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 25 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10418

 Michael Otieno Oloo
Department of Publishing, Journalism and Communication Studies, School of Information Sciences, Moi University, P.O Box 3900-30100, Eldoret Kenya

 Prof. W. Okumu Bigambo
Department of Publishing, Journalism and Communication Studies, School of Information Sciences, Moi University, P.O Box 3900-30100, Eldoret Kenya

 Dr. Masibo Lumala
Department of Publishing, Journalism and Communication Studies, School of Information Sciences, Moi University, P.O Box 3900-30100, Eldoret Kenya

1. Agunga, R. (1997). Developing the third world: a communication approach: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
2. Ahadi Public Participation. (2020) version 1.0; County Governce Tool kit. devolution.go.ke
3. Arnett, R. C. (2001). Dialogic civility as pragmatic ethical praxis: An interpersonal metaphor for the public domain. Communication theory, 11(3), 315-338.
4. Article 19. (2003). Statement on the Right to Communicate: Global Campaign for Free Expression. London
5. Aulich, C. (2009). From citizen participation to participatory governance. Commonwealth journal of local governance, 2, 44-60.
6. Ayee, E. S. A. (1993). A participatory communication approach to rural community development. Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education.
7. Bessette, G. (2006). People, land and water: Participatory Development communication for natural resource management, xx+ 313.
8. Bingham, L. B. (2011). Collaborative governance. The SAGE handbook of governance, 386-401.
9. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022). Conceptual and design thinking for thematic analysis. Qualitative Psychology, 9(1), 3.
10. Brennan, A. & Schugurensky, D. (2017). By The People; Participatory, Civic Engagement & Citizenship Education. Arizona State University, U.S.A
11. Chambers, R. (2015). Inclusive rigour for complexity. Journal of Development Effectiveness, 7(3), 327-335.
12. Chitere, P. O., & Ngundo, M. (2015). Devolution as a Means for Self – governance: Its Potential for Poverty Reduction in Kenya. International Journal of Social research Work and Human Services Paractice 3(1): 38-49 Horizon Research Publishing co., Ltd.
13. Chitnis, K. (2005). The duality of development: recasting participatory communication for development using structuration theory. Investigacion & desarrollo, 13(2), 228-249.
14. Christopher, H. (2018). Self – discipline; Willpower and success; strive,
15. Clendenin, D.J. & Connelly, F.M. (2000). Narrative Inquiry. San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass.
16. Craig, R. T. (1999). Communication theory as a field. Communication theory, 9(2), 119-161.
17. Creswell, J. W., Hanson, W. E., Clark Plano, V. L., & Morales, A. (2007). Qualitative research designs: Selection and implementation. The counseling psychologist, 35(2), 236-264.
18. Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design:Choosing among five approaches: Sage publications.
19. Cutlip, S. M., Center, A. H., & Broom, G. M. (2006). Effective public Relations, edisi kesembilan. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
20. Dahl, R. A. (1994). A democratic dilemma: system effectiveness versus citizen participation. Political science quarterly, 109(1), 23-34.
21. Devas, N., & Grant, U. (2003): Local government decision making-citizen participation. Public Administration and development: The international Journal of Management Research and practice 23(4), 307-316.
22. Drew, W. (1998). Psychology; Mind, Brain & Culture, 2nd Edition New York: John.
23. Ellinor, L. (2005). Bohm’s Journey to Dialogue Dialogue as a means of collective communication (pp. 255-276): Springer.
24. Etang’, J. (2007). Public Relations; Concepts, Practices and Critique London: Sage
25. Ferrante, J. (2003). Sociology: A global perspective Belmont: Wadsworth: Thomson.
26. Flick, U. (2009). Qualitative research at work I: grounded theory. An introduction to qualitative research, 4, 427-442.
27. Freire, P., Macedo, D. P., & Leach, J. (1999). Pedagogy, culture, language and race: A dialogue. Learners and pedagogy, 46-58.
28. Gamble, T. K., & Gamble, M. (2002) Communication works: Boston: McGraw-Hill College.
29. Gichuhi. (2018). Content of vernacular radio stations and public participation in devolved governance in nyeri, kenya
30. Giddens, A. (2007). The nation-state in the global age. The Ninth DT Lakdawala Memorial Lecture.
31. Glass, J. J. (1979). Citizen participation in planning: the relationship between objectives and techniques. Journal of the American Planning Association, 45(2), 180-189.
32. Graham, H.T. & Bennet, R. (1998). Human Resources Management. Ninth Edition; Prentice Hall. Grow-Hill Book Company.
33. Grunig, J. E. (2018). Strategic behavioral paradigm. The international encyclopedia of strategic communication, 1-6.
34. Handy, C. (2016). The second curve: Thoughts on reinventing society: Random House.
35. Hashim, H. (1986). Grassroots participation in local planning process. Iowa State University Ames, IA.
36. Heath, R. L., & Bryant, J. (2013). Human communication theory and research: Concepts, contexts, and challenges: Routledge.
37. Homa Bay County Government, (2023, December 23). Power to the people as county rolls out village to village public participation model. The Daily Nation
38. Hogg, M. A. (2003). Social identity.
39. Holemes, B. (2011). Citizens engagement in policy makin and the design of public services. Parliamentary library, Parliament of Australia.
40. Jacobson, T. L., & Storey, J. D. (2004). Development communication and participation: Applying Habermas to a case study of population programs in Nepal. Communication theory, 14(2), 99-121.
41. Jacquie, L., E, (2007). Public relations: Concepts, practice and critique: Sage.
42. Jefkins, F. (1998). Public relations.–London: M&T: Pitman publishing.
43. Jwan, J., & Ong’ondo, C. O. (2011). Qualitative research: An introduction to principles and techniques. Eldoret, Moi University.
44. KCA: Kenya Correspondent Association. (2013)
45. Kenya National Bureau of Standards. (2017)
46. Kenya, Republic of (2010). Laws of Kenya: The Constitution of Kenya. Nairobi: National Council of Law Reporting.
47. Khampa. (2009). Participatory development communication and people’s happiness in a Bhutanese community.
48. Kimeto, L., & Somba A. (2017). Application of the Principles of Participatory Communication in the Design and Implementation of the Kenya Slum Upgrading Program (KENSUP).
49. Knapp, M. L., Hall, J. A., & Horgan, T. G. (2013). Nonverbal communication in human interaction: Cengage Learning.
50. Lacey, A., & Luff, D. (2001). Qualitative data analysis: Trent focus Sheffield.
51. Langer, E. J. (1989). Mindfulness and mindlessness. The production of reality: essays and readings on social interaction, 153-157.
52. Lees-Marshment, J. (2015).deliberative political leadership and the ministry of publicinput. In The Ministry of Public Input. Hamsphire,Uk:Palgrave Macmillan
53. Lewis, J. (2009). Redefining qualitative methods: Believability in the fifth moment. International journal of qualitative methods, 8(2), 1-14.
54. Lowndes, V., & Paxton, M. (2018). Can agonism be institutionalised? Can institutions be agonised? Prospects for democratic design. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 20(3), 693-710.
55. Luthans, F. (2005). Organizational Behaviour: Stress and Conflict: NewYork. McGraw-Hill.
56. MacBride, S. (2004). Many voices, one world: Towards a new, more just, and more efficient world information and communication order: Rowman & Littlefield.
57. Malan, C. (1998). Development communication as part of culture. Communicare: Journal for Communication Sciences in Southern Africa, 17(1), 49-87.
58. Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (2006). Data collection methods. Designing qualitative research,2
59. Marzuki, A. (2015). Challenges in the Public Participation and the Decision Making Process. Sociologija i prostor/Sociology & Space, 53(1).
60. Mason, J. (2007). ‘Re-using’qualitative data: on the merits of an investigative epistemology. Sociological Research Online, 12(3), 39-42.
61. Mefalopulos, P. (2000). Participatory Rural Communication Appraisal: using communication to put people first. Paper presented at the Conference of the International communication Association, Acapulco, Mexico.
62. Melkote, S.R. & Steeves, H.L. (2001). Communication for development in the Third World: theory and practice for empowerment. .2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage. Methodologies Forum of Kenya (PAMFORK), Nairobi
63. Mezzana, D. (1996). Grass-roots communication in West Africa. Participatory communication for social change, 183-196.
64. Miller, K. (2005). Communication theories. USA: Macgraw-Hill. (Miller, 2005).
65. Motley, M. T. (1992). Mindfulness in solving communicators’ dilemmas. Communications Monographs, 59(3), 306-314.
66. Moustakas, C. E. (1974). Finding yourself, finding others: Prentice-Hall.
67. Msibi, F., & Penzhorn, C. (2010). Participatory communication for local government in South Africa: a study of the Kungwini Local Municipality. Information Development, 26(3), 225-236.
68. Naidoo, L. (2010). The participatory development communication approach of Thusong service centres in Tshwane. North-West University.
69. Njagi, T.,kinyumu, N.,& Kirimi,L., (2018). Farm household’s participation in governmenance: Lessons from devolved systems in kenya. FAO.
70. Nyaranga, M. S., Hao, C., & Hongo, D. O. (2022). The Role of Public Participation in Governance towards Achieving Sustainable Development. Part 2. RUDN Journal of Public Administration, 9(1), 29-41.
71. Okwechime, C. (2015). Interfacing effective communication, good governance and sustainable development in Nigeria. GSTF Journal on Media & Communications (JMC), 2(2), 1-11.
72. Oloo, M.O. (2017). Public Relations Tenets in the Sustenance of Fast Food Industry; Masters’ Thesis, Moi University
73. Omolo, A. (2011). Devolution in Kenya: A Critical Review of Past and PresentOrganizations: A study of communication management in three Participatory Communication. African Communication Research. Vol. 1 No. 1– May, 2008.
74. Payne, J., & Carlin, D. B. (2001). Applications. communication: For Personal and Professional Contexts: Clark Pub.
75. Pearson, J. C., Nelson, P. E., Titsworth, S., & Harter, L. (2017). Human communication: McGraw-Hill Education New York.
76. Rahim, S. A. (1994). Participatory development communication as a dialogical process. Participatory communication, working for change and development. New Delhi: Sage.
77. Richardson, L., Durose, C., & Perry, B. (2019). Three tyrannies of participatory governance. Journal of Chinese Governance, 4(2), 123-143.
78. Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C. M., & Ormston, R. (2013). Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers: sage.
79. Ronoh, G., Mulongo, S., & Kurgat, A. (2018). Challenges of integrating public participation in the devolved system of governance for sustainable development in Kenya. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 6(1), 476-491.
80. Schugurensky, D., & Brennan, A. (2017). By the people: participatory democracy, civic engagement and citizenship education: Participatory Governance Initiative, Arizona State University.
81. Schwarz, R. M. (2002). The skilled facilitator: A comprehensive resource for consultants, facilitators, managers, trainers, and coaches: John Wiley & Sons.
82. Servaes, J. (2015). Studying the global from within the local. Communication Research and Practice, 1(3), 242-250.
83. Servaes, J., & Malikhao, P. (2005). Participatory communication: The new paradigm. Media & global change. Rethinking communication for development, 91-103.
84. Team, I. P. A. (2015). Public participation & citizen engagement: Effective advising state – building contexts: Geneva, an initiative inter peace. IPA.
85. Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2020). Economic development: Pearson UK.
86. Tufte, T., & Mefalopulos, P. (2009). Participatory communication: A practical guide (Vol. 170): World Bank Publications.
87. Uraia Trust, (2010). Laws of Kenya. The constitution of Kenya: National Council for Law Reporting. Kenya
88. Uwe, F. (2009). An Introduction Qualitative Research Fourth Edition Sage. London: Oliver’s Yard. ,
89. Wampler, B, (2011). Does public governance matter? Exploring the nature and impact of participatory reforms. Woodrow Wilson international Center for Scholars.
90. Wiley & Durose, C., & Richardson, L. (2016). Designing public policy for co-production: Theory, practice and change. Bristol: Policy Press. Ed. London: Routledge. Edition; Mac Graw Hill. USA.
91. Wood, J.T. (2012). Communication, Gender, and Culture: 10nd Edition. Monica Eckman. USA
92. Yami, M.,van Esten, P.,Hauser,m., Schut,M., & Pali, P., (2018). Participation without negotiation: Influence of Stakeholder power imbalances and engagenment modes on agricultural policy development in Uganda. Rural Sociology, 84(2), 340-415.

Michael Otieno Oloo, Prof. W. Okumu Bigambo, Dr. Masibo Lumala, “Evaluation of Participatory Communication in the Governance of Busia County – Kenya” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.137-153 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10418

Download PDF

pdf

The Adsorption Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies for The Removal of Crystal Violet Dye (Methyl Violet 6b) from Aqueous Solution Using Avocado Pear Seed Activated Carbon
Anwana Abel UKPONG*, Etim Okon ASUQUO, and Godwin Ime EDEKHE April 2023 – Page No.: 154-164

In this study, adsorption equilibrium and kinetic studies for the removal of crystal violet (CV) from an aqueous solution were investigated using a batch adsorption process. The activated carbon was prepared by carbonizing the avocado pear seed at a carbonization temperature of 500OC for 1hr and was impregnated with a 30% concentration of aqueous HCl solution which was further activated in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 500OC for 1hr. The avocado pear seed activated Carbon obtained was characterized using proximate analysis, Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrophotometer (FT-IR) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. The effect of various adsorption parameters such as contact time (15-150 min), initial dye concentration (25-150 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (1-9 g), particle size and pH of dye solution were investigated. The adsorption equilibrium data were fitted into different isotherm models and the Langmuir model exhibited the best fit which implied that the adsorption of CV dyes onto avocado pear seed activated carbon was monolayer and the adsorbent surface was homogeneous and also; adsorption energy was uniform for all sites and there was no transmigration of adsorbate in the plane of the surface. The kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption data fitted well to the pseudo-second-order model with a high correlation coefficient of 0.977 when compared to other models, thus; signifying that the adsorption’s mechanism was chemisorption. APSAC shows a much better adsorption capacity for CV dye removal having a maximum adsorption capacity of 3.3254 mg/g and percentage removal of 99.995 %. Hence, APSAC can be used as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for the removal of CV dye from an aqueous solution.

Page(s): 154-164                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 25 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10419

 Anwana Abel UKPONG
Department of Chemical/ Petrochemical Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A, P.M.B 1167, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

 Etim Okon ASUQUO
Department of Chemical/ Petrochemical Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A, P.M.B 1167, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

 Godwin Ime EDEKHE
Department of Chemical/ Petrochemical Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin L.G.A, P.M.B 1167, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

1. Ahmad, M. A. and Rahman, N. K. (2011). Equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of Remazol Brilliant Orange 3R dye adsorption on coffee husk-based activated carbon. Chemical Engineering Journal, 170: 154-161.
2. Aksakal, O. and Ucun, H. (2010). Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the biosorption of textile dye (Reactive Red 195) onto pinus sylvestris L. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 181, 666-672.
3. Al-Degs, Y. S., El-Barghouthi, M. I., El-Sheikh, A. H. and Walker, G. M. (2008). Effect of solution pH, ionic strength, and temperature on adsorption behaviour of reactive dyes on activated carbon. Dyes Pigments, 77: 16-23.
4. Al Prol, A. E. (2019). Study of Environmental Concerns of Dyes and Recent Textile Effluents Treatment Technology: A Review. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 3(2): 1-18, 2019.
5. Ali, H., and Muhammad, S. K. (2008). Biosorption of crystal violet from water on leaf biomass of Calotropis procera. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 1, 143–150.
6. Auta, M. and Hameed, B. H. (2011). Optimized waste tea activated carbon for adsorption of methylene blue and acid blue 29 dyes using response surface methodology. Chemical Engineering Journal. 175: 233–243.
7. Ayawei, N., Ebelegi, A. N. and Wankasi, D. (2017). Modelling and Interpretation of Adsorption Isotherms. Journal of Chemistry, 10: 122-133.
8. Bahbahani, T. J. and Bahbahani, Z. J. (2014). A New Study on Asphaltene Adsorption in Porous Media. Petroleum and Coal, 56(5): 459-466.
9. Banerjee, S. and Chattopadhyaya, M. C. (2017). Adsorption characteristics for the removal of a toxic dye tartrazine from aqueous solutions by a low-cost agricultural by-product. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10: 1629–1638.
10. Batzias, F. A. and Sidiras, D. K. (2007). Simulation of dye adsorption by beech sawdust as affected by pH. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 141: 668–679.
11. Boulinguiez, B., Le Cloirec, P. and Wolbert, D. (2008). Revisiting the determination of Langmuir parameters-application to tetrahydrothiophene adsorption onto activated carbon, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 24(13): 6420 -6424.
12. Boyd, G. E., Schubert, J. and Adamson, A. W. (1947). The exchange adsorption of ions from aqueous solutions by organic zeolites. Ion-exchange equilibria. Journal of American Chemical Society, 69(11): 2818-2829.
13. Brovers, F. and Al-Musawi, T. J. (2015). On the Optimal Use of Isotherm Models for the Characterization of Biosorption of Lead onto Algae. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 212: 46-51.
14. Cazetta, A. L., Vargas, A. M., Nogami, E. M., Kunita, M. H., Guilherme, M. R., Martins, A. C., Silva, T. L., Moraes, J. G. and Almeida, V. C. (2011). NaOH-activated carbon of high surface area produced from coconut shell: Kinetics and equilibrium studies from the methylene blue adsorption. Chemical Engineering Journal. 174: 117–125.
15. Chakraborty, S., Chowdhury, S. and Saha, P. D. (2011). Adsorption of Crystal Violet from aqueous solution onto NAOH-modified rice husk. Journal of Carbohydrate Polymers. 86(2011): 1533-1541.
16. Chaudhuri, M. and Saminal, S. N. B. (2001). Coconut coir activated carbon: an adsorbent for removal of lead from aqueous solution. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 148.
17. Chiou, M. and Chuang, G. (2006). Competitive adsorption of dye metanil yellow and RB-15 in acid solutions on chemically cross-linked chitosan beads. Chemosphere. 62: 731–740.
18. Davoundinejad, M. and Gharbanion, S. A. (2012). Modelling of Adsorption Isotherm of Benzoic Compounds onto GAC and Introducing three new Isotherm Models using new Concept of Adsorption Effective Surface (AEC). Academic Journals, 18(46): 2263-2275.
19. Demirbas, E., Kobya, M. and Sulak, M. T. (2008). Adsorption kinetics of a basic dye from aqueous solutions onto apricot stone activated carbon. Bioresource Technology, 99: 5368–5373.
20. Demirbas, E. (2009). Agricultural based activated carbons for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions: A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 167(1-3):1.
21. Dotto, G. L., Lima, E. C., Pinto, L. A. (2012). Bio-sorption of food dyes onto Spiralling platens is nanoparticles: Equilibrium isotherm and thermodynamic analysis. Bioresource Technology, 103: 123–130.
22. Gimbert, F., Morin-Crini, N., Renault, F., Badot, P. M. and Crini, G. (2008). Adsorption Isotherm Models for Dye Removal by Cationized Starch-based Material in a Single Component System: Error Analysis. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 157(1), 34-46.
23. Hameed, B.H., Din, A.T.M. and Ahmad, A.L. (2007). Adsorption of methylene blue onto bamboo-based activated carbon; Kinetics and equilibrium studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials, (141): 819-825.
24. Hameed, K. S., Muthirulan, P., Meenakshi, S. M. (2013). Adsorption of chromotrope dye onto activated carbons obtained from the seeds of various plants: Equilibrium and kinetics studies. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 7:58.
25. Ho, Y. S. (2006). Second-order kinetic model for the sorption of cadmium onto tree fern: A comparison of linear and non-linear methods, Water Resource, 40: 119 – 125.
26. Joshua N., Edokpayi, J. O. O. and Olatunde S. D. (2017). Impact of Waste water on Surface Water Quality in Developing Countries: A Case Study of South Africa.
27. Kannan, N. and Karuppasamy, S. (2011). Removal of gentian violet dye with and without commercial activated carbon by electrocoagulation technique – A comparison. Indian
28. Kajjumba, G. W., Emik, S., Öngen, A., Özcan, H. K. and Aydın, S. (2018). Modelling of Adsorption Kinetic Processes—Errors, Theory and Application. Intechopen, 2-20p.
29. Karadag, D., Koc, Y., Turan, M. and Ozturk, M. (2007). A comparative study of linear and non-linear regression analysis for ammonium exchange by clinoptilolite zeolite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 144(1-2): 432 – 437.
30. Karl-Heinz R. and Ute, A.H. (2004). Industrial Waste water Sources and Treatment Strategies. Biotechnology Set, Second Edition, (pp.191 – 215).
31. Kumar, K. V., Porkodi, K. and Rocha, F. (2008). Comparison of various error functions in predicting the optimum isotherm by linear and non-linear regression analysis for the sorption of basic red 9 by activated carbon. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 150(1): 158 – 165.
32. Lu, P.A., Lin, H., Yu, W. and Chern, J. (2011). Chemical regeneration of activated carbon used for dye adsorption. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 42(2):305-311.-9.
33. Ma, Z., Li, Q., Yue, Q., Gao, B., Li, W., Xu, X. and Zhong, Q. (2011). Adsorption removal of ammonium and phosphate from water by fertilizer-controlled release agent prepared from wheat straw. Chemical Engineering Journal, 171: 1209 – 1217.
34. Ng, J. C. Y., Cheung, W. H. and McKay, G. (2002). Equilibrium studies of the sorption of Cu (II) ions onto chitosan. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 255(1): 64 – 74.
35. Nwodika C. and Onukwuli O. D. (2017). Crystal violet adsorption onto kola nut pod husk, 35 (3), 411-426, 2.
36. Padder, M. S. and Majunder, C. B. C. (2012). Studies on Removal AS(II) and S(V) onto GAC/MnFe, 804 Composite Isotherm Studies and Error Analysis.
37. Parimalam, R., Raj, V. and Sivakumar, P. (2011). Adsorption Isotherms, Kinetics, Thermodynamics and Desorption Studies of Reactive Orange 16 on Activated Carbon Derived from “Ananas comosus (L) Carbon”. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 6(11).
38. Rincón-Silva, N. G., Moreno-Piraján, J. C. and Giraldo, L. G. (2015). Thermodynamic study of adsorption of phenol, 4-chlorophenol, and 4-nitrophenol on activated carbon obtained from Eucalyptus seed. Journal of Chemistry, 1(3): 1 – 13.
39. Ringot, D., Lerzy, B., Chaplain, K. and Larondelle, Y. (2007). In Vitro Biosorption of Ochratoxin A. on the Yeast Industry by Products: “Comparison of Isotherm Models”. Journal of Bioresource Technology, 98(9): 1812-1821.
40. Rivas, F. J., Beltr´an, F. J., Gimeno, O., Frades, J. and Carvalho, F. (2006). Adsorption of landfill leachates onto activated carbon: Equilibrium and kinetics. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 131(1-3): 170 – 178.
41. Robinson, T., Mcmullan, G., Marchant, R. and Nigam, P. (2001). Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: A critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative.
42. Saadi, R., Saadi, Z., Fazaeli, R. and Fard, N. E. (2015). Monolayer and multilayer adsorption isotherm models for sorption from aqueous media. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2(5): 787-799.
43. Saha, P., Chowdhury, S., Gupta, S. and Kumar, I. (2010). Insight into adsorption equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of malachite green onto clayey soil of Indian origin. Chemical Engineering Journal, 165, 874-882.
44. Sahu, S. and Singh, N. (2019). The Impact and Prospects of Green Chemistry for Textile Technology.
45. Singh, K. and Arora, S. (2011). Removal of Synthetic Textile Dyes from Waste Waters: A Critical Review on Present Treatment Technologies. Critical reviews in Science and Technology, 41: 807-810.
46. Tan, I. A. W. and Hameed, B. H. (2010). Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, thermodynamics and desorption studies of basic dye on activated carbon derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch. Journal of Applied Sciences, 10(21): 2565-2571.
47. Teng, T. T. and Low, L. (2012). Removal of Dyes and Pigments from Industrial Effluents. Water Treatment and Pollution Prevention: Advances in Research, 65-94p.
48. Ukpong A. A., Gumus R. H., Oboh I. O. (2020). Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up Using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). American Journal of Chemical Engineering. 8(2): 36-47.
49. Tran, H. N., You, S. J., Hosseini- Bandegharaei, A. and Chao, H. P. (2017). Mistakes and inconsistencies regarding adsorption of contaminants from aqueous solutions: A critical review. Water Research, (120): 88-116.
50. Vijayaraghavan, K., Padmesh, T. V. N., Palanivelu, K. and Velan, M. (2010). Biosorption of Nickel (II) Ions onto Sargassum wightii: Application of Two-parameter and Three-parameter Isotherm Models. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 33(1-3), 304-308.
51. Zhu, Z. H. and Wang, S. (2007). Effects of acidic treatment of activated carbons on dye adsorption. Dyes and Pigments, 75 (2) 306-314.

Anwana Abel UKPONG*, Etim Okon ASUQUO, and Godwin Ime EDEKHE, “The Adsorption Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies for The Removal of Crystal Violet Dye (Methyl Violet 6b) from Aqueous Solution Using Avocado Pear Seed Activated Carbon” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.154-164 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10419

Download PDF

pdf

Teaching Comprehensive Sexuality Education at Secondary School: Towards Promoting Healthy Sexual Decisions among Pupils, Luapula Province, Zambia
Francis S. Sikanyika, Rose Chikopela, Christine Mushibwe, Cynthia N. Kalizinje, Moono Muvombo, Sitali Mayamba & Colious Gondwe April 2023 – Page No.: 165-174

The study is an investigation into positive impacts of teaching Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) on pupils’ healthy sexual decisions. This study was purely a qualitative one employing a case study design. A total of 5 schools in Luapula Province were sampled, comprising 10 teachers and 40 pupils who were purposively and randomly selected. Data was collected using questionnaires and semi-structured interview guides while analysis of data was done using SPSS and themes. The study revealed that CSE has many positive impacts on pupils’ healthy sexual decisions, choices and behavior change in general; and also established misconceptions about CSE. The study recommends that CSE must be a compulsory, age-appropriate, co-curricular subject to all pupils in secondary schools and that teachers must endeavor to explain its importance and/or positive impact to pupils. This study concludes that pupils are able to make healthy sexual decisions if exposed to CSE more often.

Page(s): 165-174                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 27 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10420

 Francis S. Sikanyika
Chisokone Secondary School, Department of Guidance and Counselling, Samfya, Zambia.

 Rose Chikopela
Chalimbana University, Department of Special Education, Lusaka, Zambia.

 Christine Mushibwe
Unicaf University Zambia, Vice Chancellor, Lusaka, Zambia.

 Cynthia N. Kalizinje
ASHCA Institute, Lusaka, Zambia.

 Moono Muvombo
Nkhrumah University, School of Education, Kabwe, Zambia.

 Sitali Mayamba
Nkhrumah University, School of Education, Kabwe, Zambia.

 Colious Gondwe
Nkhrumah University, School of Education, Kabwe, Zambia.

1. Allen, L. (2003). Girls want sex; boys want love: resisting dominant discourses of (hetero) sexuality. Sexualities, 6 (2), 215-36.
2. Allen, L. (2005). ‘Say everything’: exploring young people’s suggestions for improving sexuality education. Sex Educ. 5(4), 389-404.
3. Allen, L. (2007). Denying the sexual subject: schools’ regulation of student sexuality. Br Educ Res J. 33(2):221–34.
4. Banda, S., Mpolomoka, D.L., Mbono, D. & Sampa, R.L. (2017). Use of questions in qualitative research: How questions guided our study, International Journal of Development Research, 7, (12).
5. Banda, S. & Mpolomoka, D.L. (2018). Culturally relevant education and training for communities: A review. African Educational Research Journal, 6(2), 88-93. DOI: 10.30918/AERJ.62.18.019
6. Berglas, N., Constantine, N. & Ozer, E. (2014). A rights-based approach to sexuality education: conceptualization, clarification and challenges. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 46(2) 63-72.
7. Boyce, P., Huang Soo Lee, M., Jenkins, C., Mohamed, Overs, C., Paiva, V., Reid, E., Tan, M. & Aggleton, P. (2007). Putting sexuality (back) into HIV/AIDS: Issues, Theory and Practice, Global Public Health 2 (1), 1-34.
8. Chikopela, R., Mandyata, J.M., Ndhlovu, D. & Mpolomoka, D.L. (2019). Counselling HIV and AIDS learners with hearing impairment: Gaps in practice in Lusaka’s Secondary Schools, Zambia. European Journal of Special Education Research, 4(1), 87-105 Doi: 10.5281/zenodo.2586776
9. Francis, D.A. & DePalma, R. (2015). ‘You need to have some guts to teach’: teacher preparation and characteristics for the teaching of sexuality and HIV/AIDS education in South African schools. SAHARA-J J Soc Asp HIV/AIDS. 12(1), 30-8.
10. IPPF (2010). Framework for Comprehensive Sexuality Education http://www.ippf.org/sites/default/files/ippf_framework_for_comprehensive_sexuality_education.pdf
11. IPPF (2011). Keys to Youth Friendly Services: Adopting a Sex Positive Approach http://www.ippf.org/sites/default/files/positive_approach.pdf
12. Jackie Bowles. The Dangers of Comprehensive Sexuality Education. Accessed on 17 April, 2021 at http://www.comprehensivesexualityeducation.org/. or www.unitedfamilies.org
13. Joseph Mumba Zulu, Astrid Blystad, Marte E.S. Haaland, Charles Michelo, Haldis Haukanes and Karen Marie Moland (2019). Why teach sexuality education in school? Teacher discretion in implementing comprehensive sexuality education in rural Zambia. International Journal for Equity in Health, 18:116 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-019-1023-1.
14. Kemigisha Elizabeth, Bruce Katharine, Ivanova Olena, Leye Els, Coene Gily, Ruzaaza N. Gad., Ninsiima B. Anna., Mlahagwa Wendo, Nyakato N. Viola and Kristien Michielsen (2019). Evaluation of a school based comprehensive sexuality education program among very young adolescents in rural Uganda. BMC Public Health, 19:1393.
15. Kirby, D., Laris., B. & Rolleri, L. (2007). Sex and HIV education programs: Their impact on sexual behaviours of young people throughout the world. Journal of Adolescent Health. 40(3), 206-217.
16. Maharaj, P. and Cleland, J. (2005). Integration of sexual and reproductive health services in KwaZulu-Natal. South Africa Health Policy Plan. 20(5), 310-8.
17. Mainde, D., Mtonga, D.E., Sakala, E., Chola, D.K., Magasu, O., Kandondo, S.C. & Mpolomoka, D.L. (2022). Adapting Fadel’s Four-Dimensional Education Model in Teaching and Learning Civic Education In 21st Century Zambia. Journal of Education and Practice. 13(33), 140-147. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/13-33-15
18. Ministry of General Education (2013). Comprehensive Sexuality Education Framework (Grades 5-12). Lusaka: Curriculum Development Centre.
19. Ministry of Education. (2003, in press) Press Statement on Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Relation to the Recent Information Circulating on Social Media. Issued by Douglas Siakalima, Minister of Education on 22nd February, 2023.
20. Moyo, T. (July, 26, 2022). CSE Vital for Adolescents. Times of Zambia. www.timesofzambia.co.zm Accessed on 20th January, 2023.
21. Mpolomoka, D.L., Chulu, T., Mwandila, N., Muvombo, M., Simwinga, E.C., Kabungo, C.J. & Sampa, P.C. (2023). Exploring Problems Faced by Female Students in a Weekly Boarding Day Secondary School in Chadiza, Zambia. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 36(3), 38–53. https://doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2023/v36i31213
22. Mpolomoka, D.L., Mushibwe, C., Dube, D., Musonda, M., Sumbwa, P., Mabenga, M.M. & Kanduza, K. (2019). Community Reflections on Intergenerational Sexual Relations in Solwezi District. Texila International Journal of Academic Research. Special Edition, 110-123 Doi:10.21522/TIJAR.2014.SE.19.02. Art 012
23. Mpolomoka, D.L., Banda, S. & Dube, M. (2017). Invigorating the Teaching Profession for the 21stCentury Teacher in Zambia. Pyrex Journal of Educational Research and Reviews, 3(4), 40-43.
24. Mpolomoka, D.L., Kanduza, E., Sampa, P., Sichali, C. & Hamweete, W. (2016). Guidance and Counselling Internship Experiences of ODL Students in Zambia. International Open & Distance Learning Journal 2016 Special Issue, pp. 38-47
Accessible on:http://www.iodlj.zou.ac.zw/ejournal/index.php/journal/issue/view/15/showToc
25. Mushibwe, C.P., Mpolomoka, D.L., Botha, N. & Machaka, B. (2020). Emotional Intelligence of Secondary School headteachers and school achievement: A Case Study of Kasenengwa District. Zambia Interdisciplinary Journal of Education, 1(1), 55-97.
26. Orestes Silverius Kapinga & Daniel Frans Hyera (2015). Pupils’ Perceptions of Sex and Reproductive Health Education in Primary Schools in Tanzania: A phenomenological study. Journal of Education and Practice. www.iiste.org 6 (6).
27. Rasing, T. (2003). HIV/AIDS and sex education among the youth in Zambia: towards behavioural change. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre.
28. Svanemyr, J., Amin, A., Robles, O.J. & Greene, M.E. (2015). Creating an enabling environment for adolescent sexual and reproductive health: A framework and promising approaches. J Adolesc Health. 56(1 Suppl), S7–14.
29. Sondashi, G., Chikopela, R., Mandyata, J.M., Ndhlovu, D. and Mpolomoka, D.L. (2021). Use of family counselling to curb domestic violence: Selected scenarios in Matero, Lusaka. University of Eswatini Journal of Education (UJOE), 4(2) 9-26
30. Tanton, C., Jones, K.G. Macdowell, W. & Clifton, S. (2015). Patterns and trends in sources of information about sex among young people in Britain: evidence from three National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles. BMJ Open, 5: e007834. http://bmjopen.bmj.com/.
31. UNESCO (2009). International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education: An evidence-informed approach for schools, teachers and health educators. Paris. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001832/183281e.pdf
32. UNESCO. (2018). International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education: An evidence-informed approach for schools, teachers and health educators. Ration Sex Educ [Internet]. 123.
33. UNESCO. (2018). International technical guidance on sexuality education—An evidence-informed approach. Paris: UNESCO.
34. Vanwesenbeeck, I. (2020). Comprehensive Sexuality Education. Oxford University Press.
Doi: 10.1093. Accessed date: 17 April 2021.
35. WHO (2010). International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education: An evidence-informed approach for schools, teachers and health educators http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001832/183281e.pdf
36. WHO Regional Office for Europe and BZgA. (2017). Standards for Sexuality Education in Europe: A framework for policy makers, education and health authorities and specialists. Cologne, BZgA.

Francis S. Sikanyika, Rose Chikopela, Christine Mushibwe, Cynthia N. Kalizinje, Moono Muvombo, Sitali Mayamba & Colious Gondwe, ” Teaching Comprehensive Sexuality Education at Secondary School: Towards Promoting Healthy Sexual Decisions among Pupils, Luapula Province, Zambia ” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.165-174 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10420

Download PDF

pdf

Comparative Analysis of the Profitability of Cassava Value Added products in Ondo State, Nigeria
Mafimisebi O. E., Akinbobola T. P. and Awoyomi T. E. April 2023 – Page No.: 175-181

Value addition in agriculture remains an icing on the cake, and a sustainable pathway to economic growth and investment. However, in the quest to add value to agricultural produce, profitability is a great criterion to the choice and preference of various value additions. This study compared the profitability of value-added cassava products in Ondo state, Southwest Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 110 respondents. Primary data were collected and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistic (Profitability/Budgetary analysis and ANOVA). The results revealed that cassava roasted granules, Fufu and cassava flour were the common cassava value addition. Results of the profitability analysis revealed that processing cassava to pupuru (GM = ₦11,520) and cassava flour (GM = ₦10,860) were the most profitable cassava value addition. Lack of adequate technologies (x̅ = 0.96) and poor extension services (x̅ =0.93) were the major constraint to cassava value addition. Also, there was no significant differences (F = 3.107, ρ≥0.05) in the profits from the value-added products across the communities. The study therefore concluded that value addition is profitable in cassava, hence concerted efforts should be made by stakeholders in encouraging and enhancing value addition policies for agricultural produce especially cassava.

Page(s): 175-181                                                                                                                   Date of Publication: 27 May 2023

DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10421

 Mafimisebi O. E.
Department of Agricultural Extension & Management, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

 Akinbobola T. P.
Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

 Awoyomi T. E.
Department of Agricultural Extension & Management, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

1. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) Save and Grow: Cassava, A guide to sustainable production and intensification. Rome (2013).
2. Droppelmann K., (2018). “Cassava, the 21st century crop for smallholders? Exploring innovations along the livelihood value chain nexus in Malawi”. Centre for Rural Development (SLE) Berlin, SLE Publication Series (2018): S 274.
3. Otekunrin O. A. and Sawicka B (2019). “Cassava, a 21st Century Staple Crop: How can Nigeria Harness Its Enormous Trade Potentials?”. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 3.8 (2019): 194-202.
4. Airaodion, A. I., Airaodion, E. O., Ewa, O., Ogbuagu, E. O., and Uloaku Ogbuagu, U. (2019). Nutritional and Anti–Nutritional Evaluation of Garri Processed by Traditional and Instant Mechanical Methods. Asian Food Science Journal, 9 (4): 1-13.
5. Ezedinma C. I.,Kormawa, P. M., Manyong V. M., and Dixon A. G. O. (2007). “Challenges, Opportunities, and Strategy for Cassava Sub Sector Development in Nigeria”. Proceedings of the 13th ISTRC Symposium (2007): 627-640.
6. Ubalua,A.O., Mbanaso,E.N.A. and Novelgene, A. (2013). Transformation Technique for Farmer’s Preferred Cassava Cultivar (Nwibibi) from Nigeria.World Journal of Agricultural Sciences,9(3): 284-289.
7. FAO Food Outlook: Biennial Report on Global Food Markets 2018 Rome (2018).
8. Odunze D. I. (2019), A review of the Nigerian agricultural promotion policy (2016-2020): Implications for entrepreneurship in the agribusiness sector. International Journal of Agricultural Policy and Research. 7(3):70-79.
9. Nishanthini, A. And Nimalathasan, B. (2014). Determinants of Profitability: A Case Study of Listed Manufacturing Companies in Sri Lanka. Journal of Management, 8(1): 42-50.
10. Kingsley, O. I., Eucharia, A. A. and Mediong, J.U. (2018). Comparative Cost and Return Analysis of Cassava Production by Adopters and Non-Adopters of Improved Cassava Varieties among Farmers in IbesikpoAsutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17: 33-41.
11. Oduntan. O., Amos, T. T. and Oseni, J. O (2013). Efficiency and Profitability of Small-Scale Cassava Production in Akure Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. Applied Tropical Agriculture, 1: 55-61.
12. Dorothy P. A., Hycainth O. And Orefi A. (2019). Profitability of Cassava Processing: A Case Study of Otukpo LGA,Benue State, Nigeria. Sustainable Food Production, 6: 12-23.
13. National Population Census (NPC). 2006. Nigeria.
14. Oghenerioborue, O. J., Akinbani, A. S. and 2 Ayeni, L. S. (2016). Assessment of Cassava Production, Utilization and Marketing among the Rural Farmers of Ondo East and West Local Governments of Ondo state, Nigeria. American Journal of Research Communication, 4(8): 70-78.
15. Agada, M. O., Onuche, F. I. and Mbah, E. N. (2018). Gender participation and constraints in cassava production, processing and Marketing, Benue State, Nigeria. International Journal of Gender and Women’s Studies, 6(1): 78-87.
16. Ehinmowo, O.O., Afolabi, and J.A., Fatuase, A.I. (2015). Determinants of Profitability among Small-Scale Cassava Processors in South WesternNigeria.Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 1(37): 23-28.
17. Fakoya, E. O., Banmeke, T.O. A. Ashimolowo, O. R. AandFapojuwo, O. E. (2010). Cassava Production and Poverty Eradication among Crop Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development. 2(5): 67-72.
18. Omolara,G. M., Alabi, A.A. and Omotayo,A. O. (2017). Cost and Return Analysis of Cassava Flour (Lafun) Production among the Women of Osun State, Nigeria. Science Research, 5(5):72-77.

Mafimisebi O. E., Akinbobola T. P. and Awoyomi T. E., “Comparative Analysis of the Profitability of Cassava Value Added products in Ondo State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) vol.10 issue 4, pp.175-181 April 2023 https://doi.org/10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10421

Download PDF

pdf