Effects of Anacardium Occidentale Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity on Rats

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) | Volume VI, Issue I, January 2021 | ISSN 2454–6186

Effects of Anacardium Occidentale Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity on Rats 

Ezeokafor Emmanuel Nonso¹, Azubike A Nwankwo², Charles Chijioke Dike³*, Kenneth Chiedozie Oparaji⁴, Ndubuisi Nonso Richard⁵

¹Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria. PMB 5001.

²Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria. PMB 5001.

^*3Department of Human Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria. PMB 5001.

⁴Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Ebony State, Nigeria. PMB 1010

⁵Department of Physiology, Ben Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Corresponding author*

ABSTRACT
This work aimed at investigating the effects of Anacardium occidentale ethanolic-leaf extract on rats induced hepatotoxicity by carbon tetrachloride. Forty male-Albino Wister rats were grouped into eight groups; group A (Positive control-those that received water and feed only), group B (Negative control- carbon tetrachloride only for 7 d), group C (Rats that were given carbon tetrachloride for 7 d + 150 mg/kgbw of the extract for 28 d, group D ( Rats that received carbon tetrachloride only for 7 d + 300 mg/kgbw of the extract for 28 d and group E ( Rats that received carbon tetrachloride for 7 d + 600 mg/kgbw of the extract for 28 d. Activities of hepatic enzymes ( Serum aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, alkaline phosphatase), and the level of bilirubin were determined using an Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometer ( Model 752G, LabTech, China). Serum enzyme activities and bilirubin levels decreased significantly (P<0.05) in rats in groups C, D, and E when compared with those of rats in the negative control group. The liver weights of rats in groups C, D, and E increased significantly (P<0.05) against negative control. Anacardium occidentale ethanolic-leaf extract therefore, had hepatocurative effects on rats induced hepatotoxicity by CCl4 and this is dependent on dose. The extract was therefore found to have curative effects on the rats induced hepatotoxicity.

KEYWORDS: Anacardium, Bilirubin, Carbon tetrachloride, Control groups, Liver function test, Rats,

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