Map Of Political Party Ideology In The Four Elections Of The Regional Head Of The Governor Of West Sumatra Period 2005, 2010, 2015 And 2020(A Comparisonal Study Of Politics).
- February 12, 2022
- Posted by: rsispostadmin
- Categories: IJRISS, Social Science
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) | Volume VI, Issue I, January 2022 | ISSN 2454–6186
Prof. Dr. Sri Zul Chairiyah, MA
Padjadjaran University, Indonesia
Introduction
In this reform era, Indonesia has succeeded in carrying out both elections and local elections in a democratic manner and periodically every five years. The implementation of the Regional head elections is the result of the implementation after the legislative elections as stipulated in the Regional head elections. The first election was held after the second legislative election after the reform, but the winner of the regional election was not always based on the winner of the legislative election. For example, the 2005 Regional head elections in West Sumatra was won by a coalition of political parties supporting the regional head, namely Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle and Star Moon Party. In fact, the winner of the political party in the 2004 legislative elections in West Sumatra was the Working Group Party.
Ideology is a very important thing for all institutions including political party institutions. Ideology determines the identity of political parties. Party ideology should naturally be a guide for party cadres. Ideology determines the identity of the party, understands the party’s way of thinking and how the party should behave. Officially, the party’s ideology can be seen from the party’s Articles of Association. Although this ideology should also be seen from the political activities undertaken by political parties. But often the written ideology is not in line with the activities of the members of political parties.
Talking about the ideology of a political party, it means talking about the thoughts/ideas of a political party. Political ideology in parties is not a foreign discussion anymore, there have been many research results that discuss party ideology, one of which is Asep Nurjaman who raised the theme of research on the New Map of Political Party Ideology in Indonesia, in particular he grouped the ideologies of political parties participating in the 2004 elections into 4 categories, namely Islam, Religious Nationalists, Secular Nationalists and Christians.
As previously explained, political ideology can be traced from various thoughts that have been put forward by both political and theoretical circles. Among them are Soekarno’s thoughts which mapped the ideology of political parties in the Nationalist, Religious and Communist (Nasakom) group, while from academic circles, namely Herbert Feith and Castles, mapped political ideology in five schools of political thought in the Radical Nationalist group (PNI), Javanese Traditionalism (PNI). -PKI-NU), Islam (NU, Masyumi), Democratic Socialism (PNI-Masyumi) and Communism (PKI).
In the post-new order era, Islamic political parties have emerged. The phenomenon of the establishment of political parties, especially those based on Islam, is considered to be the rise of sectarian politics because during the new order, mainstream politics was abolished. The establishment of Islamic parties is also related to ideological realities. This reality necessitated the formation of an Islamic party. In addition, the formation of an Islamic party does not conflict with democratic principles. In a country that adheres to democracy, every group or group is recognized for its existence to form an organization of political power in accordance with its aspirations and interests.
Political parties that are founded and that participate in elections in Indonesia are part of the ideological representation or in Feith’s language the political flow in Indonesia. In that context, Feith and Caster grouped five poles of sects, namely Islam, Radical Nationalism, Socialism, Communism and Javanese Traditionalism. According to Feith, the growth of the five schools was influenced by two main sources, namely Western and domestic culture (Hindu-Buddhist and Islam). The grouping of political streams which then often becomes an analytical tool for the ideological map of political parties in Indonesia, in this case in particular the map of political streams in the Regional head elections in West Sumatra.
The map of the political ideology of political parties in the elections for the governor of West Sumatra in three periods can be described as follows:
