A Case Study of Job Demands, Job Control Mechanisms, and Social Support Systems among Firefighters in Emergency Medical Services and Rescue Operations: A Public Administration Perspective

This study examined the job demands, job control mechanisms, and social support systems experienced by firefighters in Davao del Norte during emergency medical services and rescue operations. Guided by the Job Demand-Control-Support (JDCS) Model, a qualitative single-case study design was used to analyze the operational and organizational experiences of full-time firefighters assigned to selected fire stations in Davao del Norte, Philippines. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with purposively selected participants and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that firefighters face complex occupational demands, including expanded operational responsibilities, multi-role functions, physical and psychological strain, manpower shortages, limited resources, and increased administrative workload. Despite these challenges, firefighters exercised job control through operational autonomy, scheduling flexibility, adherence to command structures, and participation in decision-making processes. Social support from peers and family members, as well as post-operation debriefing activities, contributed significantly to stress management, recovery, and resilience. The study emphasizes the importance of balancing high job demands with sufficient control and institutional support systems to maintain firefighter well-being and operational effectiveness. From a public administration perspective, the findings highlight the need for strengthened organizational policies, improved manpower and resource allocation, enhanced mental health programs, and responsive governance mechanisms to ensure sustainable and efficient emergency service delivery.

firefighters, job demands, job control, social support, emergency medical services, rescue operations, JDCS model, public administration

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