Development of a Student-Centred History Learning Module for Form 2 Based on the KSSM Curriculum

This study aimed to develop a student-centred History learning module for Form 2 based on the Secondary School Standard Curriculum (Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah, KSSM) to enhance students' historical thinking skills and engagement in learning. The development of the module was grounded in student-centred learning principles and aligned with the Malaysian secondary school History curriculum. The study adopted a design-based research (DBR) approach involving needs analysis, module design, development, expert validation, and refinement to ensure that the module was pedagogically sound, practical, and aligned with KSSM learning standards. The findings indicated that the developed module successfully integrated inquiry-based, source-based, and collaborative learning activities that support historical thinking skills and active student participation. Expert validation confirmed the module's content relevance, pedagogical suitability, and curriculum alignment, demonstrating its potential as a structured instructional resource for improving History pedagogy in Malaysian secondary schools.

Student-centred learning; History education; KSSM curriculum; instructional module development

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