Availability of Instructional Materials and Its Influence on the Implementation of Competence-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Secondary Schools in Hai district, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.

This study examined the availability of instructional materials and their influence on the implementation of the Competence-Based Curriculum (CBC) in secondary schools in Hai District. The study was guided by four objectives: to assess the availability of instructional materials, identify types used, examine their utilization, and determine their influence on CBC implementation. A mixed-methods approach using a convergent design was employed. Data were collected from teachers, students, and school heads using questionnaires, interviews, and observation, with a sample size of 138 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Findings revealed that instructional materials were generally inadequate, with ICT tools and laboratory equipment being the most limited. Textbooks were the most commonly used materials, while ICT integration remained low. Teachers demonstrated moderate utilization of instructional materials due to limited skills and inadequate institutional support. Correlation analysis showed a strong positive relationship between instructional materials and CBC implementation (r = 0.68, p < 0.05), confirmed that schools with better instructional resources implemented CBC more effectively. This indicates that instructional materials are a key determinant of curriculum success. The study concludes that instructional materials are critical for successful CBC implementation. It recommends increased investment in teaching and learning resources, teacher training on instructional material utilization, and improved school resource management.

Instructional materials, CompetenceBased Curriculum, Implementation

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