Workplace Well-Being in a Medical Training Institution

Authors

Mohd. Shahrul bin Kamaruddin

Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. (Malaysia)

Ilmam Nurfa’izun bin Nayan

Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. (Malaysia)

Christian Veron Anak Meerzagul

Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. (Malaysia)

Ayuni binti Musri

Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. (Malaysia)

Flora Juan Anak Alan Morsidi

Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. (Malaysia)

Nur Kuaisya binti Hamdan

Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. (Malaysia)

Septerina Anak Ebik

Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. (Malaysia)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100701046

Subject Category: Education

Volume/Issue: 10/7 | Page No: 15349-15368

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-08-09

Accepted: 2026-08-14

Published: 2026-08-20

Abstract

This intervention study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workplace stress management programme in improving the psychological well-being of staff at a selected medical training institution. A total of 30 participants took part in a one-day intervention programme incorporating psychoeducation, stress awareness sessions, group discussions, self-reflection activities, relaxation techniques, mindfulness practices, and interactive team-building activities. The programme was evaluated using a pre-test and post-test design with three standardised instruments: the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). As the data were not normally distributed, the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test was employed to examine differences between pre-test and post-test scores. Significant reductions were observed in depression (Z = -3.922, p < .001), anxiety (Z = -4.487, p < .001), and stress (Z = -4.322, p < .001), together with a significant improvement in emotion regulation (Z = -4.230, p < .001). However, no statistically significant change was observed in job satisfaction (Z = -1.618, p = .106). These findings indicate that participation in the programme was associated with improvements in several psychological outcomes, while job satisfaction remained relatively unchanged. The findings should be interpreted cautiously because the study used a pre-test and post-test design without a control group, meaning that alternative explanations for the observed changes cannot be ruled out.

Keywords

workplace well-being, workplace stress, psychological well-being, stress management, emotion regulation, counselling intervention

Downloads

References

1. Allen, K., Kern, M. L., Rozek, C. S., McInerney, D., & Slavich, G. M. (2022). Belonging: A review of conceptual issues, an integrative framework, and directions for future research. Australian Journal of Psychology, 74(1), 1–13. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(2), 217–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004⁠ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Bartlett, L., Martin, A., Neil, A. L., Memish, K., Otahal, P., Kilpatrick, M., & Sanderson, K. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of workplace mindfulness training randomized controlled trials. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(1), 108–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000146 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Carolan, S., Harris, P. R., & Cavanagh, K. (2017). Improving employee well-being and effectiveness: Systematic review and meta-analysis of web-based psychological interventions delivered in the workplace. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(7), e271. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6716⁠ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Cooper, C. L., Dewe, P. J., & O'Driscoll, M. P. (2001). Organizational stress: A review and critique of theory, research, and applications. Sage Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Corey, G. (2018). Groups: Process and practice (10th ed.). Cengage Learning. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Faragher, E. B., Cass, M., & Cooper, C. L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: A meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2002.006734⁠ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Hu, T., Zhang, D., Wang, J., Mistry, R., Ran, G., & Wang, X. (2023). Relation between emotion regulation and mental health: A meta-analysis. Psychological Reports, 126(2), 512–537. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Joyce, S., Modini, M., Christensen, H., Mykletun, A., Bryant, R. A., Mitchell, P. B., & Harvey, S. B. (2016). Workplace interventions for common mental disorders: A systematic meta-review. Psychological Medicine, 46(4), 683–697. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715002408 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Kowalski, T. H. P., & Loretto, W. (2022). Well-being and job satisfaction in contemporary workplaces: Implications for employee performance. Human Resource Development Review, 21(4), 456–473. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Sage Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Leka, S., Jain, A., Iavicoli, S., & Vartia, M. (2023). Psychosocial risk management and workplace well-being: Current evidence and future directions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2875. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042875 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Osman, A., Wong, J. L., Bagge, C. L., Freedenthal, S., Gutierrez, P. M., & Lozano, G. (2021). Evaluation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales among working adults: Evidence of reliability and validity. Current Psychology, 40(5), 2348–2357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00309-5 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Richardson, K. M., & Rothstein, H. R. (2008). Effects of occupational stress management intervention programs: A meta analysis. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(1), 69–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Spector, P. E. (1985). Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey. American Journal of Community Psychology, 13(6), 693–713. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. World Health Organization. (2022). Mental health at work: Policy brief. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240053052 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles