Assessment on the Effectiveness of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program(4Ps) Among Students-Beneficiaries: Basis for IEC Campaign

This study examined the benefits of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) for student-beneficiaries of Dapa National High School, focusing on how the program supported their education and health. A quantitative-descriptive research design was used, and data were gathered from 359 Grades 7–12 student-beneficiaries through a validated survey questionnaire. Results showed that students viewed the program as moderately effective (M = 3.13, SD = 0.67), in helping them attend school, participate in class, and lessen financial problems related to education. They also agreed that the health component of 4Ps was helpful (M = 3.17, SD = 0.67), especially in encouraging regular check-ups, providing health information, and improving nutrition. Findings revealed that age had a significant effect on educational outcomes (F = 3.43, p = 0.001), while sex showed a significant effect on health outcomes (F = 7.54, p = 0.01). Grade level and number of siblings did not show notable differences (p > 0.05). The relationship between perceived health benefits and educational benefits was positive but not significant (r = 0.091, p = 0.150), meaning improvements in one area did not automatically improve the other. This means that 4Ps supports student-beneficiaries in meaningful ways, but the program’s impact can be strengthened by connecting its health and education components more clearly. Thus, it is imperative to conduct an IEC (Information, Education, and Communication) campaign to help students better understand the program, improve their study habits, and practice healthier routines.

4Ps Beneficiaries, Educational Outcomes, Health Outcomes

1. Abrigo, M. R. M., Astilla-Magoncia, D., Tam, Z. C., & Yee, S. A. (2022). Conditional cash transfers in resource-poor environments: Evidence from the Philippine 4Ps (No. 2022-45). PIDS Discussion Paper Series. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Arcayna, C. J., Arcayna, J. J., & Arcayna, R. J. (2021). Implementation of 4PS conditional cash transfer and students’ school attendance in Don Vicente Romualdez National High School. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 5(12), 907–922. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Asian Development Bank. (2019). Impact evaluation of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program. Asian Development Bank. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Behrman, J. R., Parker, S. W., & Todd, P. E. (2009). Schooling impacts of conditional cash transfers on young children: Evidence from Mexico. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 57(3), 439–477. https://doi.org/10.1086/596614 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Capulong, M. E., & Cuevas, M. R. (2024). Conditional cash transfer compliance and student educational engagement: Evidence from selected Philippine public schools. Journal of Educational Research and Social Studies, 3(1), 25–37. https://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/jerss/article/view/20726 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Chaudhury, N., Friedman, J., & Onishi, J. (2013). Philippines conditional cash transfer program: Impact evaluation 2012. World Bank. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Cuizon, J. R., & Cuizon, P. C. (2022). Conditional cash transfer (CCT): 4Ps in the lens of Philippine decentralization. Thammasat Review, 25(1), 202–223. https://sc01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tureview/article/view/240117 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Escote, A., Signacion, S., Yano, C. G., Mahinay Jr, S., Goniabo, J., Padilla, E., ... & Macapendig, M. (2022). Lived experiences of former Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program beneficiaries. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 5(11), 1–1. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Fernandez, L., & Olfindo, R. (2011). Overview of the Philippines’ conditional cash transfer program: The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (Pantawid Pamilya). (Philippine Social Protection Note No. 2). World Bank. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. Fiszbein, A., & Schady, N. R. (2009). Conditional cash transfers: Reducing present and future poverty. World Bank Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Herrera, D. J., Herrera, M. L., Amora, D., Bas, S., Miranda, C. A., & Van Hal, G. (2023). Mixed-method study on the association between inclusion to conditional cash transfer program and the multiple faces of malnutrition in children and adolescents aged 3 to 19 years: A school-based evidence from Caraga Region, the Philippines. BMC Pediatrics, 23(1), 630. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Javier, A. (2023). Program implementation of conditional cash transfer (4Ps) as support to health and education of high school students beneficiaries in Alaminos Integrated National High School. ResearchGate. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Marteleto, L. (2010). Family size, adolescents’ schooling and the demographic transition: Evidence from Brazil. Demographic Research, 23(15), 421–444. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Melad, K. A. M., Araos, N. V. V., & Orbeta, A. C. (2020). Giving cash to the poor: A study of Pantawid Pamilya cash grants generosity, frequency, and modality (No. 2020-59). PIDS Discussion Paper Series. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Orbeta, A. C., Araos, J. M., & Melad, K. A. (2021). Reassessing the impact of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program: Results of the third wave impact evaluation (PIDS Discussion Paper No. 2021-05). Philippine Institute for Development Studies. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Orbeta, A. C., Melad, K. A., & Paqueo, V. B. (2022). PIDS study provides recommendations for a more effective, responsive 4Ps payment system. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Paqueo, V., & Orbeta, A. (2018). Pantawid Pamilya Pilipino Program: Boon or bane? (PIDS Policy Notes No. 2018-07). Philippine Institute for Development Studies. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. (2021). Extension needed for poor to outgrow CCT program, says PIDS experts. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. (2022). Over 1.7M complaints filed; Study flags issues in 4Ps program. https://www.pids.gov.ph/details/news/press-releases/over-1-7m-complaints-filed-study-flags-issues-in-4ps-program [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Philippine Institute for Development Studies. (2023). Enhanced collaboration vital for effective 4Ps implementation. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Pineda, M., & Fabella, F. E. (2019). The lived experiences of former Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) student-beneficiaries. SSRN. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Rawlings, L. B., & Rubio, G. M. (2005). Evaluating the impact of conditional cash transfer programs. The World Bank Research Observer, 20(1), 29–55. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Republic Act No. 11310. (2019). An act institutionalizing the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps). Department of Social Welfare and Development. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Soares, F. V., Ribas, R. P., & Osório, R. G. (2010). Evaluating the impact of Brazil’s Bolsa Família: Cash transfer programs in comparative perspective. Latin American Research Review, 45(2), 173–190. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

• Assessment of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Repositioning TVET for Economic Development in Nigeria
• Teachers’ Use of Assure Model Instructional Design on Learners’ Problem Solving Efficacy in Secondary Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya
• “E-Booksan Ang Kaalaman”: Development, Validation, and Utilization of Electronic Book in Academic Performance of Grade 9 Students in Social Studies
• Analyzing EFL University Students’ Academic Speaking Skills Through Self-Recorded Video Presentation
• Major Findings of The Study on Total Quality Management in Teachers’ Education Institutions (TEIs) In Assam – An Evaluative Study