Relationship Between the Cooperative Learning Method and Metacognitive Skills Among Grade Six Learners
Authors
Master of Arts in Teaching, Major in Social Studies, Graduate School Valencia Colleges (Bukidnon), Inc. Purok 17-A, Hagkol, Valencia City, Bukidnon (Philippines)
Article Information
DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.1026EDU0146
Subject Category: Education
Volume/Issue: 10/26 | Page No: 1665-1675
Publication Timeline
Submitted: 2026-03-14
Accepted: 2026-03-19
Published: 2026-03-30
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between cooperative learning strategies and metacognitive skills among Grade 6 learners in Social Studies in San Fernando District II, Division of Bukidnon, during the School Year 2025–2026. Specifically, it determined the extent of implementation of cooperative learning strategies, group discussion, peer teaching, the jigsaw technique, think–pair–share, and collaborative projects, and assessed learners’ metacognitive skills in planning, monitoring, and evaluating.
A descriptive–correlational research design was employed, involving 135 Grade 6 learners selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using adapted instruments from Fernandez-Rio et al. (2017) and Altindag and Senemoglu (2013). The instruments demonstrated strong internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.93 for cooperative learning strategies and 0.91 for metacognitive skills. Construct validity was established through expert validation and pilot testing.
Keywords
Cooperative learning strategies, metacognitive skills, group discussion, peer teaching
Downloads
References
1. Abramczyk, A., & Jurkowski, S. (2020). Cooperative learning as an evidence-based teaching strategy: What teachers know, believe, and how they use it. Journal of Education for Teaching, 46(3), 296–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1733402 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
2. Agrawal, P. K., Gore, R., Kumar, M., Kushwaha, V., Goenka, S., & Agrawal, S. (2025). Metacognitive awareness and academic performance: Implications from a cognitive neuroscience perspective in pre-service teacher education. Annals of Neurosciences, 28(3), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531251361976 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
3. Baliram, N., & Kapur, M. (2021). The role of metacognitive regulation in academic achievement: Exploring student-learning strategies in secondary education. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(4), 678–690. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000534 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
4. Cooper, K. M., & Finkelstein, N. D. (2021). Reconsidering the share of a Think–Pair–Share: Emerging limitations, alternatives, and opportunities for research. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(3), es13. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.20-06-0105 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
5. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
6. Efklides, A. (2020). The role of metacognition in learning and self-regulated performance. Educational Psychologist, 55(3), 178–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2020.1781987 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
7. Flavell, J. H. (2020). Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive-developmental inquiry. American Psychologist, 75(4), 455–467. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000611 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
8. Gillies, R. M. (2016). Cooperative learning: Review of research and practice. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 41(3), 39–54. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2016v41n3.3 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
9. Gokhale, A. A. (2025). Collaborative learning enhances critical thinking. Journal of Education, 7, 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/jte.v7i1.a.2 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
10. Hertz-Lazarowitz, R., Kagan, S., Sharan, S., Slavin, R., & Webb, C. (2018). Learning to cooperate, cooperating to learn. Springer Science and Business Media. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
11. Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (2004). An educational psychology success story: Social interdependence theory and cooperative learning. Educational Researcher, 33(2), 5–11. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
12. Koc, S., Arslan, F., & Demir, O. (2020). Effects of jigsaw cooperative learning on students’ metacognitive skills and academic achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 85–102. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.1326a [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
13. Maden, S. (2021). The impact of jigsaw technique on learners’ metacognitive awareness and reading comprehension skills. Education and Science, 46(208), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2021.9332 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
14. Rivas, S. F., Saiz, C., & Ossa, C. (2022). Metacognitive strategies and development of critical thinking in higher education. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 913219. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.913219 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
15. Saez-Zevallos, N. S., Cunza-Aranzábal, D. F., Abanto-Ramírez, C. D., & Montalvo-Apolín, D. E. (2025). Relationship between English self-efficacy and language learning strategies among Peruvian university students: The mediating role of academic self-efficacy. Frontiers in Education, 10, 1668300. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1668300 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
16. Shimizu, I., Kikukawa, M., Tada, T., Kimura, T., Duvivier, R., & van der Vleuten, C. (2020). Measuring social interdependence in collaborative learning: Instrument development and validation. BMC Medical Education, 20, 177. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02088-3 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
17. Siagian, S. M., Darhim, D., & Juandi, D. (2022). The impact of collaborative learning on students’ critical thinking, creative thinking, and metacognitive skills: A meta-analysis study. International Journal of Instruction, 15(2), 515–534. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.15229a [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
18. Stanton, J. D., Sebesta, A. J., & Dunlosky, J. (2021). Fostering metacognition to support student learning and performance. CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(2), fe3. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.20-12-0289 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
19. Sword, R. (2021, March 17). Metacognition in the classroom: Benefits & strategies. High Speed Training. https://www.highspeedtraining.co.uk/hub/metacognition-in-the-classroom/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
20. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. (2020). Trends in high school dropout and completion rates in the United States. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/dropout/intro.asp [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
21. Yildirim, E., & Demirtaş, Z. (2022). The relationship between metacognitive awareness and critical thinking disposition among university students. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 46, 101150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101150 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]
Metrics
Views & Downloads
Similar Articles
- Assessment of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Repositioning TVET for Economic Development in Nigeria
- Teachers’ Use of Assure Model Instructional Design on Learners’ Problem Solving Efficacy in Secondary Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya
- “E-Booksan Ang Kaalaman”: Development, Validation, and Utilization of Electronic Book in Academic Performance of Grade 9 Students in Social Studies
- Analyzing EFL University Students’ Academic Speaking Skills Through Self-Recorded Video Presentation
- Major Findings of The Study on Total Quality Management in Teachers’ Education Institutions (TEIs) In Assam – An Evaluative Study