Student Engagement Toward Academic Performance Among College Students in Santo Tomas

Authors

Jaspergin Engbino

Student, Santo Tomas College of Agriculture Sciences and Technology (Philippines)

Ginafe F. Generale

Student, Santo Tomas College of Agriculture Sciences and Technology (Philippines)

Joana G. Saren

Student, Santo Tomas College of Agriculture Sciences and Technology (Philippines)

Article Information

DOI: 10.47772/IJRISS.2026.100300328

Subject Category: Education

Volume/Issue: 10/3 | Page No: 4438-4452

Publication Timeline

Submitted: 2026-03-18

Accepted: 2026-03-23

Published: 2026-04-07

Abstract

Academic performance refers to the extent to which a student, teacher, or institution has attained their short- or long-term educational goals. This study determined the relationship between student engagement and academic performance among college students in Santo Tomas. Data were gathered from the 309 college students. This study used stratified random sampling technique. This study utilized quantitative non-experimental research through a descriptive correlational design.
This study made use of specially designed tools that had undergone extensive testing for accuracy and relevance. The statistics used in this study were mean and pearson r. Results revealed that student engagement got a descriptive level of high which was oftentimes observed while academic performance got a descriptive level of moderate which was satisfactory. A high level of student engagement significantly enhances academic performances by fostering motivation, focus, and active participation in learning. This engagement fosters deeper understanding, better retention information, and a greater commitment to learning goals.

Keywords

Student Engagement, Academic Performance, Correlational Design, Philippines.

Downloads

References

1. Acosta-Gonzaga, E., & Ramirez-Arellano, A. (2021). The influence of motivation, emotions, cognition, and metacognition on students’ learning performance: A comparative study in higher education in blended and traditional contexts. SAGE Open, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211027 561 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

2. Alinsunurin, J. (2021). Unpacking Underperformance: Learning Mindsets and the Challenge of Academic Achievement Among Filipino Students https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352769829_Unpacking_Underperformance_Learning_Mindsets_and_the_Challenge_of_Academic_Achievement_Among_Filipino_Students [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

3. Arievitch, I. M. (2020). Reprint of: The vision of Developmental Teaching and Learning and Bloom's Taxonomy of educational objectives. Learning, culture and social interaction, 27, 100473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lcsi.2019.01.007 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

4. Balfanz, R., et. al. (2024). Strengthening School Connectedness to Increase Student Success https://edresearchforaction.org/research-briefs/strengthening- school-connectedness-to-increase-student-success/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

5. Buckley, P., & Lee, P. (2021). The Impact of Extra-Curricular Activity on the Student Experience. Active Learning in Higher Education, 22(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787418808988 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

6. Carmona-Halty, M., Alarcón-Castillo, K., Semir-González, C., Sepúlveda-Páez, G., Mena-Chamorro, P., Barrueto-Opazo, F., & Salanova, M. (2024). How study-related positive emotions and academic psychological capital mediate between teacher-student relationship and academic performance: a four-wave study among high school students. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1419045. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1419045 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

7. Cedillo, Y. E., Davis, E., Durham, L., Kelly, T., Kennedy, R., Smith Jr., D. L., & Fernández, J. R. (2024). The effect of sociodemographic characteristics, academic factors, and individual health behaviors on psychological well being among college students. Journal of American College Health. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2024.2355160 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

8. Cents-Boonstra, M., Lichtwarck-Aschoff, A., Denessen, E., Aelterman, N., & Haerens, L. (2020). Fostering student engagement with motivating teaching: an observation study of teacher and student behaviours. Research Papers in Education, 36(6), 754– 779. https://doi.org/10.1080/02671522.2020.1767184 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

9. Chiu, T. K. F. (2021). Student engagement in K-12 online learning amid COVID-19: A qualitative approach from a self-determination theory perspective. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(6), 3326–3339. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.1926289 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

10. David, Weisburd., Chester, Britt., David, B., Wilson., Alese, Wooditch (2020).1. Measuring Association for Scaled Data: Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient. doi: 10.1007/978-3030479671_14 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

11. Dinç, E., Wherley, M. S., & Sankey, H. (2023). Student perception of journaling as an assessment for an engagement experience. Journal of Experiential Education, 47(3), 484–503. https://doi.org/10.1177/10538259231203671 From theory to practice of promoting student engagement in business and law-related disciplines: The case of undergraduate economics education Education Sciences, 10 (8) (2020), pp. 1-13, 10.3390/educsci10080205 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

12. Fleetwood D. (2023, October12). Whatis Research Definition, Methods, Types & Examples. QuestionPro. https://www.questionpro.com/blog/what-is-research/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

13. Gomes, S., Costa, L., Martinho, C., Dias, J., Xexéo, G., & Santos, A. M. (2023). Modeling students’ behavioral engagement through different in-class behavior styles. International Journal of STEM Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023- 00407w [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

14. Hart, S. R., Stewart, K., & Jimerson, S. R. (2011). The student engagement in schools’ questionnaire (SESQ) and the teacher engagement report form-new (TERF-N): Examining the preliminary evidence. Contemporary School Psychology: Formerly" The California School Psychologist", 15(1), 67-79. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

15. Lattanze, R. (2025, March 7). Unlocking student engagement: Strategies for meaningful learning outcomes. Xello. https://xello.world/en/blog/student-engagement/what-is-student-engagement/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

16. Lazaro, J. M. B., & Flores, D. C. Attitude, Learning Style, and Commitment on Academic Performance of Students in Research: A Structural Equation Model. In 4th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Industry and Academic Research (pp. 468-471 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

17. Lu, Q., & Rameli, M. R. M. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review of Empirical Studies on Learning Engagement in Educational Settings.SainsHumanika.https://doi.org/10.11113/sh.v16n3.2126 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

18. Luís, Eduardo, Pimentel, Real. (2023). 1. Statistical Data Treatment doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-33285-2_7 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

19. Nguyen, T. D., Shih, M., Srivastava, D., Tirthapura, S., & Xu, B.(2020). Stratified random sampling from streaming and stored data. Distributed and Parallel Databases, 39(3), 665–710. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10619-020-07315-w [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

20. Norazlan, N., Yusuf, S., & Al-Majdhoub, F. M. H. (2020). The financial problems and academic performance among public university students in Malaysia. Advanced Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship Studies, 2(1), 36–45. https://journal.uptm.edu.my/index.php/ajpbs/article/view/52 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

21. Pascarella, E. T., & Terenzini, P. T. (1991). How College Affects Students: Findings and Insights from Twenty Years of Research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

22. Prananto, K., Cahyadi, S., Lubis, F. Y., & Hinduan, Z. R. (2025). Perceived teacher support and student engagement among higher education students – a systematic literature review. BMC Psychology, 13, Article 112. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02412-w [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

23. Saracostti, M., de Toro, X., Miranda, H., Miranda-Zapara, E., Lara, L., & Hernández, M. T. (2024). Associations between contextual factors and school engagement: a longitudinal study of profiles. Frontiers in Education, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1365789 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

24. Saunders, L., & Wong, M. A. (2020, August 1). Active learning: engaging people in the learning process. Pressbooks. https://iopn.library.illinois.edu/pressbooks/instructioninlibrari es/chapter/active-learning-engaging-people-in-the-learning-process/ [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

25. Simkus, J. (2023). Stratified Random Sampling: Definition, Method & Examples. Simply Psychology. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359002367_Defining_And_Measuring_Academic_Performance_of_Hei_Students_A_Critical_Review [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

26. Sirisilla, S., & Sirisilla, S. (2023). Bridging the Gap: Overcome these 7 flaws in descriptive research design. Enago Academy, 4(2), 12-34. [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

27. Tali, M. B. A. (2023). Student Engagement and its Association with Peer Relation and Teacher-Student Relation: A Systematic Review. https://doi.org/10.52152/kuey.v29i4.763 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

28. Wang, M.-T., & Hofkens, T. L. (2020). Beyond classroom academics: A school-wide and multi-contextual perspective on student engagement in school. Adolescent Research Review, 5(4), 419–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-019-00115-z [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

29. Wang, Y., Zuo, M., He, X., & Wang, Z. (2025). Exploring Students Online Learning Behavioral Engagement in University: Factors, Academic Performance and Their Relationship. *Behavioral Sciences*, *15*(1), 78. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/295396406_Sudent_engagement_Context_And_adjustment_Addressing_definitional_measurement_And_methodological_issues [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

30. Wong, Z. Y., & Liem, G. a. D. (2021). Student engagement: current state of the construct, conceptual refinement, and future research directions. Educational Psychology Review, 34(1), 107– 138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-021-09628-3 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

31. Wong, Z. Y., Liem, G. a. D., Chan, M., & Datu, J. a. D. (2023). Student engagement and its association with academic achievement and subjective well-being: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 116(1), 48 75. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000833 [Google Scholar] [Crossref]

Metrics

Views & Downloads

Similar Articles