Philanthropy in Promoting Education in Bangladesh: A Perspective of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Philanthropy in Promoting Education in Bangladesh: A Perspective of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Dr. Md. Jahangir Alam

Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Leading University, Ragibnagar, South Surma, Sylhet-3112

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2024.803100S

Received: 02 May 2024; Revised: 18 May 2024; Accepted: 25 May 2024; Published: 25 June 2024

ABSTRACT

Philanthropy is a global concept and practiced over the world in the diverse sector. In Bangladesh, there have particular laws and provisions under which the different organizations and people are practicing the philanthropic works. Historically the philanthropists are playing significant role in promoting education in Bangladesh, Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is one of them. Scholars and authors identifies the overall philanthropic contribution of Danobir Dr. Ragib Ali but existing researches did not have special focus on the entire educational contribution of him. In this background, present study aims to identify the major philanthropists contributed in developing education in Bangladesh as well as the contribution of in Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in terms the numbers of educational institutes established, the numbers of graduate and employment generated by him and assess the perception of the society on the contribution of him in the education sector of Bangladesh. The study is descriptive, mixed methods has been deployed to achieve the objectives. The study found that, most of the renowned educational institutes of Bangladesh are established by the philanthropists, Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib has established 150 educational institutes all over the country. Among the total students completed the study from the institutes Dr. Ali, the graduates from the Leading University are highest in numbers and in number of employees, Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College and Hospital is in top position. The society perceived that Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is the key person in promoting education in Bangladesh and the country needs more philanthropist like him. Through the study, the society can have a clear picture of the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in the education sector of Bangladesh, findings can be used to promote the personal branding, the institutions can get clue about their performance and can go for further research.

Key Words: Bangladesh, Development, Education, Employment, Philanthropy.

INTRODUCTION

The word ‘Philanthropy’ originated from the Greek word ‘philanthrôpía’ (Lorenz, 1914; De Ruiter, 1932). Philanthropy includes behaviors and actions that are manifestations of a voluntary commitment to the well-being of others (Schuyt, 2010). The scholars (Ehie, 2016; Carroll 1991; Carroll & Shabanah, 2010; Arora & Puranik, 2004; Ahmad, 2006; Amaeshi et al, 2006) explained philanthropic activities in two ways, a voluntary donation in altruistic nature or an obligation and mandatory donations but philanthropy is more voluntary activities of the organizations and persons to execute their societal obligations (Jamali & Mirshak, 2007, Angyemang et al, 2016; Frynas, 2006; Malan, 2005). Philanthropic contributions to education have become more publicly visible in recent years over the world, the majority of the global billionaires industries like Google, Microsoft, Facebook and Amazon are contributing through philanthropy in managing the global challenges of enhancing education (Williamson 2018). Shaker and Borden, (2020) investigated the trends in U.S. higher education philanthropy across 30 years and found that the philanthropic giving increased by an inflation-adjusted average of 3.6% annually and 175% overall, from $9.1 billion to $25.1 billion.

The education system in Bangladesh is diverse in nature. Basically, Bangladesh practices the education system inherently obtained from the British, though after the independence, the governments formed different education committee to modernize the education sector. The education system of Bangladesh is practiced in four dimensions: General, Technical and Vocational, Madrasha and Qaumi Madrasha education which are administered by the Ministry of Primary and Mass Education and The Ministry of Education.  From the centuries back, the philanthropists are playing very significant role in promoting education sector in Bangladesh. There have 79595 educational institutions in the country in different levels of which most of them are named after the philanthropist who have either established these institutions or donated money or land or both to spread the light of education (Banbeis, 2023).

Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is the name of an eminent and noteworthy personality in Bangladesh. Through establishing schools, colleges, mosques, madrasas, medical college, universities, religious institutions, streets and roads, bridge and culverts, contribution in the education, health-care, sports and publishing sector, through actively supporting the publishing of the literary works of writers-researchers, through patronizing the field of art and culture and through actively working for poverty alleviation-this great personality has completely dedicated himself in all aspects of human development (Ahmed, 2014; Nurunnahar, 2008). This publicity-averse person is widely known as “Magnanimous Ragib Ali” in both the national and international arena (Baqui, 2019).

The present study focuses on the role of philanthropy in promoting education in Bangladesh, especially explores the notable philanthropists of the country and their contribution in the education development, also find out the number educational institutes and contribution made in the country the Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali as well as measured the perception of the society on the contribution of him.

LITERATURE REVIEW

The contribution of philanthropy in education sector has been well researched in countries such as the U.S. (Scott & Jabbar, 2014; Tompkins-Stange, 2016), Europe, and elsewhere (Ball et al., 2017; Olmedo, 2014). In Scotland, funding from the state, from individual students, or from non-philanthropic commercial contracts remains far larger than any kind of charitable donation (Paterson, 2018). In Malaysia, the Waqf (an absolute charitable endowment under Islamic law) playing the significant role through the formation of formal organizations at state and federal level and rearrange the Malaysian educational budget and policy to support the better quality of Higher Education Institution (HEI) (Farra et al 2016). In both Germany and the United States, philanthropic foundations and their grantees play an increasingly prominent, powerful and visible role in education context (Czerwanski 2000; Carr 2012; Reckhow 2013). Some of them even aspire to change the whole public school system, or at least large and important parts of it. The Bertelsmann Foundation, for example, embarked on a broad campaign to fundamentally reform and reposition the German educational system (Bertelsmann, 2007). In the United States, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation want to “dramatically improve education so that all young people have the opportunity to reach their full potential” (Gates Foundation 2011). In Germany, for instance, researchers have claimed that foundations succeeded in gaining major influence one educational policy, aiming at a neo-liberal transformation of the national educational system (Schöller 2006). The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has also gathered interest in educational philanthropy due to the large population and increasing governmental influence on improving higher education in general in the region, and creating partnerships with organizations to better match higher educational options and employment (Alphin et al., 2016). In India, the social sector funding continues to increase contributions; total social sector funds have grown at a rate of 11% over the past five years. While the government continues to be the largest contributor to social sector funding in India, hovering at about 6% of GDP, private philanthropy is expanding and has outpaced public funding growth (India Philanthropy Report, 2019). From the discussion, it is evident that, the philanthropy has a great impact on the education sector over the world in dynamic way by creating, developing and promoting the educational sector, its reform and sustainability.

The concept of philanthropy in Bangladesh is rooted in custom, tradition and religion, it has transcended generations and spanned communities influenced by the fusion of cultures derived from Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity and Islam (Sidel, 2008). There are two distinct sets of laws in Bangladesh that pertain to philanthropic and nonprofit organizations, namely laws of formation and laws of regulations (Ahmed et al., 2006). The practice of philanthropy in Bangladesh has created various impact, especially in the education sector but there have very limited study in this regard (Hasan, 2023). Researches in non-profit sector in Bangladesh generally focuses on the corporate social responsibility aspects of the Banking and other corporate organizations (Kabir & Chowdhury, 2023; Afrin et al., 2020).  Studies evident that non-profit organizations and companies form alliances in investing their resources in Cause Related Marketing (CMR) which generate a more favorable view of those (Shah, 2013). The Poverty alleviation has become a buzzword in Bangladesh over the last three decades and though the Bangladesh has so far implemented five Five-Year Plans and one Two-Year Plan and a Three-Year PRSP Rolling Plan to accelerate economic growth and poverty reduction, the Waqf can be one of the vital alternatives alongside Zakah because early history indicates free education, scholarship, orphanage, free treatment, and inns for nomads as provided by Waqf based institutions (Khan, 2013).

A good number of research and books has been published on the life, activities and dynamic leadership of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in home and abroad. His contribution has been recognized by the great personalities over the world by their notes and commentaries. In a research article, (Ahmed, 2014) mentioned as ‘an atypical celebrity of bequest in the history philanthropy, particularly in south Asia’ and his distinct dynamic and prolific nature of philanthropic works are termed as ‘creative philanthropy.’ In an unpublished thesis titled “Jono Kollane Danobir Ragib Ali” for the degree of Master of Philosophy under the Department of Islamic Studies of the University of Dhaka, Nurunnahar (2008) explained that, from the primary school to university level in diverse sector of education in Bangladesh, Ragib Ali notably contributed in the education sector of the country through his educational philanthropic investment. Similarly Rahman, (2012) recognized the contribution of Ragib Ali in the development of general education in Bangladesh and the contribution in medical education in Bangladesh. Akbar (2006) explained the educational institutions of Ragib Ali will definitely lead the future of education sector of Bangladesh by providing quality general and medical education in the country.

Problem Statement, Research Questions and Research Objectives: Though philanthropy in Bangladesh has transcended generations and spanned communities there have insignificant practices of it in the education sector of Bangladesh. Some research are evident focusing the CSR reporting or disclosure with little or no consideration for the charitable giving (donations) of banking companies (Umar and Musa, 2021), studies explains how board attributes influence the firm’s sector-wise corporate giving (Umar, 2022). Thus, the gap exists and it is important to find out the role of philanthropy in the education sector of Bangladesh. On the other side, Scholars and authors (Nurunnahar, 2008; Rahman, 2012) etc. identifies the overall philanthropic contribution of Dr. Ragib Ali, Ahmed, (2014), prepared lists of educational philanthropic organizations run by the Ragib Rabeya Foundation led by Danobir Dr. Ragib Ali but these researches did not have special focus on the entire educational contribution him, especially in terms the numbers of graduates, number and nature of employment generated in these institutes. So it is important to find out the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in the education sector of Bangladesh. A good number of research and books has been published on the life, activities and dynamic leadership of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali (Ahmed, 2014, Nurunnahar, 2008; Rahman, 2012; Akbar, 2006) but few of these presents the perception of society on the contribution of him methodologically.

Thus, the present study identifies the research questions as (1) what is the contribution of philanthropy in the education sector of Bangladesh, (2) how many educational institutes are established by Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali, (3) what are the number of graduates are produced from these institutes (4) how many employments are created in these organizations and (5) what is the perception of society on the educational philanthropy of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali?

In line with research questions, the main objective of this project is to explore the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in the education sector of Bangladesh. The specific objectives of the study are (1) to explore the role of philanthropy in promoting education in Bangladesh, (2) to identify the number of educational institutes established by Danobir Dr. Ragib Ali, (3) to find out the number of graduates of each institutes since their inception, (4) find out the number of employment in these institutes and (5) measure the perception of the society on the educational philanthropy of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali.

METHODOLOGY

The methodology of the study are presented in this section.

Research Design and Study Area:  The present study is a descriptive one, the mixed research methods has been used. The study confined within the geographic area of Bangladesh.

Data Source: Both primary and secondary sources are gathered for this study. The secondary data are gathered from different books, thesis, journals, periodicals, newspapers, different websites and others. The Primary data were collected through Google form and in-depth interviews.

Population, Sample Size and Sampling Technique: For obtaining the research objective 1, this study reviewed the secondary materials. The sample size for attaining research objectives 2, 3 and 4 is 26 institutions since these are directly managed by Ragib Rabeya Foundation (RRF) among the total educational organizations of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali.  For research objective 5, the population is infinite and infinite population size, Krejcie and Morgan (1970) proposed that the sample size 384 would be sufficient, Israel (1992) and Cochran (1963) argued 385 are sufficient. The present study collected data from 673 respondents using a Google form which was posted on the personal Facebook profile of the researcher, this method is considered as a popular, realistic and dependable research tool (Jahan et al, 2020). For the qualitative data, approximately 6 interviews are well enough (Denzin & Lincoln, 1994; Morse, 2000) and 6 in-depth interviews were conducted for this study.

Research Instrument and Data Collection Methods: For collecting the data, the study prepared a semi-structured questionnaire in Google form format and distributed it to the respondents through Facebook. Besides, the study conducted the in-depth interview with Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali himself; also conduct the in-depth interview with the secretary of RRF and other 4 key informants.

Data Analysis: In analyzing the data, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) has been used. Several statistical techniques like descriptive statistics with frequency distribution, percentage and graphs are used and in analyzing the quantitative data and data reduction, display and drawing & verifying conclusion (Griggs, 1987) process has been followed for qualitative data. Table-1 shows the research objectives and data analysis grid.

Table-1: Research objectives and data analysis grid

Source: Researcher

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

Findings of the study are presented in the following section.

Findings related to research objective-1: Explore the role of philanthropy in promoting education in Bangladesh: In table-2, the renowned philanthropists and their contribution to the development of education in Bangladesh are presented.

Table-2: Renowned philanthropists and their contribution to the development of education in Bangladesh

Source: Secondary materials

Table-2 represents that, historically in Bangladesh, the most renowned educational institutes over the country are being established by the philanthropists. These philanthropists were either the Zaminder, Nawab or promoter of education movements.

Findings related to research objective-2. Identify the number of educational institutes established by Danobir Dr. Ragib Ali: The contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in the education sector of Bangladesh is multifarious. In this section the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali has been explain in terms of total number of educational institutes, number of institutes in each type etc.

Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is involved with 150 educational institutions in different capacity like the founder, co-founder, donor, donor member, member of the governing body, life-time member etc. There have variations among these institutions. Figure 1 shows the types and numbers of these intuitions:

Figure 1: Types and numbers of educational institutes of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Source: Appendix-1

Figure 1 shows that, among the total 150 educational institutions of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali, 3 are university, 3 are medical colleges and institutions, 12 colleges, 9 high schools, 8 primary schools, 84 madrasahs, 5 technical and Vocational institution and 23 educational trusts. Among these, Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali established North South University, Leading University, and University of Asia Pacific, Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical Colleges and Hospital, Ragib-Rabeya Degree College, Ragibnagar, Bishwanath, Sylhet, Ragib-Rabeya High School and College, Paniumada, Nabiganj, Habiganj, Barkal Ragib-Rabeya College, Barkal, Rangamati,  Ragib Rabeya High School and College, Lamakazi, Sylhet etc. are notable. Figure-2 shows the capacity of involvement and number of institutions of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali.

Figure-2: Capacity of involvement and number of institutions of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Source: Appendix-1

Figure-2 represents that among the total institutions, with 33 institutions Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is involved as the founder, 111 as the donor member, 4 as Chairman and 2 as others capacity. These institutions were not established in a day. Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali cherished a strong desire to promote the education over the country for long period of time.

Figure-3: Year of establishments and number of institutions of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali.

Source: Appendix-1

Figure-3 shows that among the 150 institutions, 1was established during 1960s, 12 were in 1970s, 12 were in 1980s, 48 were during 1990s, 30 were in 2000s and 46 were established during 2010s. Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali did not established these institutions only in his home district Sylhet but throughout the country. Figure-4 indicates the location and number of these institutions:

Figure-4: Location and number of institutions established by Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Source: Appendix-1

Figure-4 shows that Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali established 35 institutions in Dhaka Division, 68 in Sylhet division 23 in Chittagong division and rest were in the other parts of the country.

Findings related to research objective-3: Find out the number of graduates of each institutes since their inception: Since the inception, the institutions established by Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali are ensuring the quality education throughout the country. The researcher tries to collect data from all the institutions but some of the institutes’ data were not found due to some unavoidable reasons. However, figure-5 shows the numbers of institutions provided the information which are used to accomplish the objectives of this project.

Figure-5: Number of institutions provided information for this project

Source: Author

Figure-5 indicates that among the 150 institutions, only 26 provided the relevant information of which I university, 3 medical colleges and institution, 4 colleges, 6 high schools, 4 primary schools, 5 technical and vocational institutes, and 3 madrasah. In the following sections, the numbers of students completed their study in each level from the institutions of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali are presented.

Figure-6: Total numbers of graduates from the different types of institutions established by Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Source: Primary Data

Figure-6 shows that from the available data of 26 institutions, total 26596 students completed their study from these institutions. Among these highest 34% are from leading university (8912), 21% from the high schools (5481), 17% from the colleges and 8% from the medical colleges (2231). The data indicates that though Dr. Ali established different types of institutions from the primary school to university, his contributions in the tertiary level in the highest.

Findings related to research objective-4: Find out the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in creating employment through education sector: Education is one of the major source of employment generation in Bangladesh. As per the Labor Force Survey-2016-17, a total of 853596 persons are deployed in the education services in Bangladesh which is 3.6% of total contribution of the service sector to the economy of the country. Danobir Dr. stated establishing educational institutes since 1971 (as per figure-3), a good number of persons already got retirement from these institutions. The employment situation at the primary schools are presented in figure-8.

Figure-6 shows that among the total 150 institutions established by Danobir Dr. Syed Rabib Ali, only 26 provided the information. Based on the available information, figure-8 represents the total number of employment at the institutions of Dr. Ali.

Figure- 7: Total number of employment at the institutions of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Source: Primary Data

Figure-7 represents that the total number of employment at the institutes established by Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali are 2069 among which in the primary schools are 25, in high schools and colleges 209, at the Leading University 236, at Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College and Hospital 1482, at Rabeya Khatun Chowdhury Nursing College 28, at the technical and vocational institutes 63 and at the Madrasah 16. The highest number of employee are at Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College and Hospital and the least numbers of employees are at the Madrasahs.

Findings related to research objective-5: Measure the perception of the Society on the educational contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali: Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali has been praised by the society in numerous ways. The scholars, scientists, politicians, the members of civil society from home and abroad expressed their gratitude to him by writing letters, books and through their comments.  The perception of the society on the educational contribution of Danobir Ragib Ali is being assessed in two phases, at first, the contents of different books (Rahman, M.M., 2012; Baque, G.A., 2019) has been analyzed , the content analysis retrieved 29 key words that represents Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali on his contribution in the education sector of the country, which are: Education (11),  Leading University (15), North South University (6), University of Asia Pacific (5),  Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College and Hospital (13), Social Service (8), Health (7),  generosity (7), Philanthropist (14), Schools  (12),  Colleges (12),  Madrasah (11),  Mosques (10),  Religious institutions (9), Public roads and bridges (8), Entrepreneur (10), Tea gardens (9), Banks (5), Insurance companies (3), Real estates (3), Industrialist (8), Charity (9), Ragib-Rabeya Foundation (11), Financial helps (9), Danobir (14), Foresight (9), Labor (8), Businessman (6) and Malinichara (7). (Numbers in the parenthesis are their frequency of appearances).

In the second phase, an online survey has been conducted and among the respondent, 673 responses are found usable. The profile of the respondents are presented in table-3

Table-3: Profile of the Respondents

Source: Online Survey

Table-3 shows that among the respondents, 555 are male and 118 female. The respondents has different educational and professional background and highest number of the respondents has the Master Degree (319), in profession, students responses are in top (282) and teachers are second highest (161). There have different age group of them of which age range 20-29 are the highest (282) and 40-49 are in second position (146).

The respondents were asked to share their opinion on the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in the education sector and overall development of Sylhet and Bangladesh. The results of the survey presented in figure-8.

Figure-8: Respondents opinion on the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Source: Survey Data

The above figure shows that 95% of the respondent opined that apart from the government, Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is the key person in developing education sector in Sylhet, 89% opined that he is one of the key persons in developing education sector of Bangladesh, 87% believed that Dr. Ali has significant contribution in the development of Bangladesh and 95%  opined that Bangladesh needs more philanthropists like Dr. Ali for the sustainable development of the country.

Based on the key words retrieved from Rahman, M.M. (2012) and Baque, G.A. (2019) and from the survey results, the following perceptual map of the society on Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is prepared.

Figure-9: Perceptual map of the society on Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali

Source: Rahman, M.M. (2012) and Baque, G.A. (2019).

The figure shows that the society views that the words Leading University, Philanthropist, Danobir, Education, Charity etc. represents Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali. This map also shows that the word ‘Leading University’ is almost synonymous to him, since he established this university and people believes Leading University means Ragib Ali. Similarly, when the ‘Philanthropy’ Danobir’ appears in the mind of the people, they visualizes Ragib Ali and when comes Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College and Hospital, Education etc., people also perceives Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib are strongly associated with these words.

Managerial Implications of the Study

The present study has multifarious implications which are stated below:

1. Implications for the society at large: Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is phenomenon to the society. A good numbers of books, articles and publications are observed on the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali but none of these have any actual statistics on the contribution of Dr. Syed Ali. Thus, the present study will provide the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali for the development of the educational sector in Bangladesh in terms of findings the real number of educational institutions, numbers of graduate and the employment in these institutions.
2. Implications for Ragib Rabeya Foundation: The findings of the present study can help the Ragib Rabeya Foundation to promote its image. The foundation represents the philanthropic works of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali. The outcomes of the study regarding the numbers of educational establishment in all levels of education in Bangladesh, the numbers of graduates and the creation of employment a Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali can also be used to promote the personal branding of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali.
3. The institutions established by Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali have a great deal of implications of the present study. They can study their performances carefully through the numbers of graduates from each institution. The findings shows that, the numbers of graduates in the primary schools, high schools and colleges are not consistent, so they can find out the reasons for the inconsistency and take necessary measures. Leading University shows that, from 2013 to 2018, the total numbers of graduates constantly increased but it falls in 2019. The University authority may investigate the reason and may take necessary measures in this regards. Moreover, in case of the Department-wise graduates, the few Departments are performing well. It is also may be used as an input to the authority. The numbers of graduates of Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College shows that from the session 2013-2014 (JRRMC-20) 151 students completed their study but it drops to 92 in session 2014-2015 (JRRMC-21). So the authority may find the reasons. Similarly, in case of foreign students, the numbers of students from Nepal are the highest, very few are coming from other neighboring countries. So, authority may investigate the reasons and initiate strategies to attract the students from neighboring countries.
4. The future researchers can get clues from the present studies. The study shows that Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali established most of the institutions in 1990s. Moreover, in establishing the institutions, he established 68 institutions in Sylhet division, 35 in Dhaka division but very insignificant numbers of institutions are established in Rajshahi, Rangpur and Khulna Division. The future researchers can investigate the reasons.

CONCLUSION

Philanthropy is a global concept and it is practices all over the world in the diverse sector. The concept of philanthropy in Bangladesh is rooted in custom, tradition and religion. Philanthropic contributions to education have become more publicly visible in recent years over the world. In Bangladesh to practice the philanthropic activities and there have particular laws and provisions under which the different organizations and people are practicing the philanthropic works, Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is one of them. Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib has contribution in each sector to education in Bangladesh, he has established 150 educational institutes all over the country. Among the total students completed the study from the institutes of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali, the graduates from the Leading University are highest in numbers and in number of employees, Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College and Hospital is in top position. The society perceived that Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali is the key person in promoting education in Bangladesh and the country needs more philanthropist like him. The study has some managerial implications like the society can have a clear picture of the contribution of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali in the education sector of Bangladesh, findings can be used to promote the personal branding of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali, the institutions can get clue about their performance and can go for further research.

DECLARATION

This article is the abridged form of the research project titled ‘Philanthropy in Promoting Education in Bangladesh: A Perspective of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali’, funded by the Center for Research, Innovative Studies and Planning (CRISP), Leading University, Ragibnagar, South Surma, Sylhet-3112.

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Appendix-1: List of educational institutes of Danobir Dr. Syed Ragib Ali