The Impact of Public Librarians’ Leadership Traits on Employee Motivation: Study Based on Public Library Employees in Sri Lanka
Dr. A.W.V. Athukorala – September 2021 – Page No.: 01-07
The success of every business is dependent on both effective management and good leadership. Managers cannot accomplish organizational or managerial performance unless they possess leadership skills. Employee motivation is inextricably linked to a manager’s leadership skills. Public libraries, being service-oriented organizations, require both leaders and excellent managers to fulfill their organizational vision and mission. Librarians are the most significant leaders or managers in the public library sector from a managerial perspective. Librarians’ primary tasks include motivating public library staff to achieve organizational goals as well as personnel achievements. In this context, the objective of this study is to examine how leadership traits of public librarians influence staff motivation and how they affect public library workers’ work performance. This research was carried out after taught of a leadership course for postgraduate students at a higher education institution. The population of this research was made up of students who worked in public libraries. A total of 100 students (n) were included in the sample, all of whom had studied leadership principles as part of their coursework. The study’s sample size was determined using the snowball sampling approach. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were verified prior to statistical analysis, and the cronbach alpha value for the items evaluating the impact of librarian’s’ leadership traits on employee motivation and work performance was discovered as 0.73. Research found that, Employee motivation and achievement are impossible if public librarians do not share their attentiveness and skills with them. The employee suffers when commands, communications, and behaviors are created only on terror, and managements are based on pressure. The research found that there is no numerical relationship Gender, age, and educational credentials are examples of socio-demographic variables. Professions, years spent working in a public library, and the type of leadership they believe motivates them. Further study found that, there is no correlation between public librarians’ socio demographic factors and leadership trails. Public Librarians’ views and actions regarding motivation are mirrored in their motivating behaviors toward workers. The extent to which public library personnel exercise their authority has an impact on their perception of power as a motivator in leadership. The variables that will improve the motivation of public library personnel at work do not differ based on their socio demographic features. Employee success and motivation are not desirable outcomes, and evaluation is not a suggested alternative in this respect. Library staff will be more motivated and their job performance more proliferation if the public librarian is democratic rather than authoritarian, has a specialty in the topic, and has charismatic and interactionist leadership qualities in their actions, words, and interactions.
Page(s): 01-07 Date of Publication: 22 September 2021
Dr. A.W.V. Athukorala
Sri Palee Campus, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
[1] Debbie Schachter, “Developing and Applying Emotional Intelligence,” Information Outlook 13, no. 5 (2009): 49.
[2] Hicks, D., & Given, L. M. (2013). Principled, transformational leadership: Analyzing the discourse of leadership in the development of librarianship’s core competences. Library Quarterly, 83(1), 7–25
[3] Mason, F. M., Creth, S., & Wetherbee, L. V. (2004). Training plan for the San Jose Public Library. Unpublished report.
[4] Okafor, H. C. (2011). The relationship between the principals’ leadership styles and teachers’ job satisfaction of secondary schools in Anambra State. Unpublished M.Ed. Thesis, University of Nigeria,
[5] Riggs, D.E. (2001). The crisis and opportunities in library leadership. Journal of Library Administration, 32(3–4), 5–17. doi: 10.1300/J111v32n03_02
[6] Rosie Albritton. (1998) “A New Paradigm of Leader Effectiveness for Academic Libraries: An Empirical Study of the Bass (1985) Model of Transformational Leadership,” in Leadership and Academic Librarians, edited by Terrence Mech and Gerald McCabe (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1998): 66-82.
[7] Thomas Moore. (2004) “Facilitative Leadership: One Approach to Empowering Staff and Other Stackholders,” Library Trends 53, no. 1: 231.
Dr. A.W.V. Athukorala, “The Impact of Public Librarians’ Leadership Traits on Employee Motivation: Study Based on Public Library Employees in Sri Lanka” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.01-07 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5901
Download PDF
Peer Sexual Harassment in Zimbabwe State Universities: A Qualitative Exploratory Study.
Daniel Mawere – September 2021 Page No.: 08-15
The study aimed at exploring and understanding undergraduate female students’ experiences of sexual harassment by male peers on and around university campuses. The hegemonic masculinity perspective and the socio-cultural model combined to inform the study. The population of the study consisted of a purposive sample of 20 female undergraduate students in two state universities. Qualitative in-depth interviews were done to obtain understanding of how peer sexual harassment was experienced by undergraduate female students. Data was collected through one-on-one audio recorded semi-structured interviews. Analysis of data was conducted using a narrative approach. Peer sexual harassment, perpetrated by male students, was a reality in the lives of female undergraduate students. Universities need to invest their efforts in addressing peer sexual harassment. Despite the fact that sexual harassment of female undergraduate students was taking place at the two state universities, victims seldom reported. Undergraduate female students need to be empowered to become more aware of the nature and extent of sexual harassment. A decrease in peer sexual harassment incidences is realizable if universities improve aspects of their climate and culture. The is need for counselling of victims in order to mitigate the negative impact of peer sexual harassment.
Page(s): 08-15 Date of Publication: 24 September 2021
Daniel Mawere
Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe
[1] Bennett, J. (ed.) (2005). Killing a virus with stones, Cape Town: African Gender Institute.
[2] Blinkmann, S., (2013). Qualitative Interviewing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[3] Chiodo, D., Wolfe, D. A., Crooks, C., Hughes, R., & Jaffe, P. (2009). Impact of sexual harassment victimization by peers on subsequent adolescent victimization and adjustment: A longitudinal study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45, 246–252. doi:10.1016/j. jadohealth.2009.01.006.
[4] Dahlqvist HZ, Landstedt E, Young R, Gadin KG (2016). Dimensions of peer sexual harassment victimization and depressive symptoms in adolescence: a longitudinal cross-lagged study in a Swedish sample. Journal of Youth Adolescence. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10964-016-0446-x
[5] Duffy, J., Wareham, S., & Walsh, M. (2004). Psychological consequences for high school students of having been sexually harassed. Sex Roles, 50, 811-821. doi:10.1023/B:SERS.00000 29099.38912.28.
[6] Dunn, L. (2014). Addressing sexual violence in higher education: Ensuring compliance with the Clery Act, Title IX and VAWA. The Georgetown Journal of Gender and the Law, 563- 584
[7] Elo, S. Karriainen, M. Kauste, O., Polkki, T. Utriainen, K. & Kyngas, H. (2014).Qualitative Content Analysis: A focus on Trustworthiness. SAGE Open 4 (1). (1 – 10)
[8] Fineran, S., & Bolen, R. (2006). Risk factors for peer sexual harassment in schools. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21, 1169–1190. Doi : 10.1177/0886260506290422.
[9] Flick, U. (2014). The Sage handbook of data analysis. London: Sage Publication Ltd.
[10] Gouws, A & Kritzinger, A. (2007) Dealing with sexual harassment at institutions of higher learning: Policy implementation at a South African university. South African Journal of Higher Education, 21(1), 68-84
[11] Gruber J.E. & Bjorn, L. (1996). Blue-collar blues: the sexual harassment of women autoworkers, Work and Occupations, 9, 271-298.
[12] Gruber, J., & Fineran, S. (2008). Comparing the impact of bullying and sexual harassment victimization on the mental and physical health of adolescents. Sex Roles, 59, 1–13. Doi:10.1007/s11199-008-9431-5
[13] Gutek, B.A. (1985). Sex and the workplace. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass.
[14] Kaln, G. & Bhugra, D (2013). Sexual Violence against Women. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 55(3) 244-249.
[15] Kayuni, H.M. (2009). The challenge of studying sexual harassment in higher education: an experience from the University of Malawi’s Chancellor College Journal of International Women’s Studies, 11, (2), 83.
[16] Kimmel, M. (2008). The gendered society (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
[17] Ladebo, O. J. (2003). Sexual Harassment in Academia in Nigeria: How real? African Sociological Review, 7(1), 117-161
[18] Ladebo, O. J. and J. O. Shopedu. 2004. Sexual harassment: Perceptions and coping strategies among undergraduate students in Nigeria. University of Agriculture. Acta Academic 36(3): 223–238.
[19] Lichty, L., Torres, J., Valenti, M., & Buchanan, N. (2008). Sexual harassment policies in k-12 schools: Examining accessibility to students and content. Journal of School Health, 78, 607–614. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00353.x
[20] Lichty, L. F., & Campbell, R. (2012). Targets and witnesses: Middle school students’ sexual harassment experiences. Journal of Early Adolescence, 32(3), 414–430. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]
[21] Mackinon, C. (1979). The Sexual Harassment of Working Women, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
[22] Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. (2016). Designing qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[23] Mason, J. (2018). Qualitative Researching London, Sage.
[24] Matchen, J. & DeSouza, E. (2000). The sexual harassment of faculty members by students. Sex Roles, 42, 295 – 306.
[25] Merriam, S.B. (2009). Qualitative Research: A guide to design and implementation: San Francisco; John Wiley and Sons.
[26] Ontario Women’s Directorate, (2013). Developing a Response to Sexual Violence: A Resource Guide for Ontario’s Colleges and Universities. Available at: http://www.citizenship.gov.on.ca/owd/english/ending-violence/campus_guide.shtml
[27] Messerschmidt, J. W. (2000). Becoming ‘real men’: Adolescent masculinity challenges and sexual violence. Men and Masculinities, 2, 286–307. doi:10.1177/1097184X00002003003
[28] Miller, E. (2018). Reclaiming gender and power in sexual violence prevention in adolescence. In PubMed doi. 1177/10/1077801217753323
[29] Mitchell, K. J., Jones, L. M., Turner, H. A., Shattuck, A., Wolak, J. (2016). The role of technology in peer harassment: Does it amplify harm for youth? Psychology of Violence, 6, 193-204. doi:10.1037/a0039317 Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
[30] Napolitano, J. (2015). Only yes means yes: An essay on university policies regarding sexual violence and sexual assault. Yale Law & Policy Review, 387-402.
[31] National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2018). Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/24994.
[32] Ontario Women’s Directorate, (2013). Developing a Response to Sexual Violence: A Resource Guide for Ontario’s Colleges and Universities. Available at: http://www.citizenship.gov.on.ca/owd/english/ending-violence/campus_guide.shtml
[33] Stockdale, M.S. (1996). The role of sexual misperceptions of women’s friendliness in an emerging theory of sexual harassment. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 42, 84-101.
[34] Tavares, P. & Wodon, Q. (2018). Ending Violence against Women and Girls. Global and Regional Trends in Women’s Legal Protection against Domestic Violence and Sexual Harassment. Washington D.C.: The World Bank. [Google Scholar]
[35] Thomas, A. (1997). Men behaving badly? A psychosocial exploration of the cultural context of sexual harassment. In Thomas, A. and Kritzinger, C. (eds), Sexual Harassment: Contemporary Feminist Perspectives. Buckingham: Open University Press.
[36] Timmerman, G. (2005). A comparison between girls’ and boys’ experiences of unwanted sexual behaviour in secondary schools. Educational Research, 47, 291–306. doi:10.1080/ 00131880500287641.
[37] Vaux, A. (1993). Paradigmatic assumptions in sexual harassment research: Being guided without being led. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 42, 116-135.
[38] Walters, G. D. (2001). The relationship between masculinity, feminin-ity, and criminal thinking in male and female offenders.SexRoles, 45, 677–689. doi:10.1023/A:1014819926761.
(1) (PDF) Factors Associated with Peer Sexual Harassment Victimization Among Taiwanese Adolescents. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235898126_Factors_Associated_with_Peer_Sexual_Harassment_Victimization_Among_Taiwanese_Adolescents [accessed Aug 09 2021].
[39] Weaver, J.R. & Bossom, J. (2009). The proof is in the punch: Gender differences in perceptions of action and aggression as components of manhood In Sex Roles doi.10.1007/511199-9713-6
Daniel Mawere. “Peer Sexual Harassment in Zimbabwe State Universities: A Qualitative Exploratory Study.” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.08-15 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5902
Download PDF
Residential Mobility Behaviour amongst Households within Enugu Metropolis: does a change in household income matter?
Ehiemere, Nnamdi D & Professor Ogbuefi, Joseph U. – September 2021 – Page No.: 16-23
Residential mobility behaviour amongst urban households is indicative of households’ response to the need to optimize housing consumption. Social and economic considerations play a significant role and can either encourage or inhibit residential mobility. This research investigated the influence of variations in household income on household residential mobility behaviour in Enugu metropolis between 2007 and 2017. Survey research design was adopted and a sample of 865 households was randomly drawn from the three municipalities which make up Enugu metropolis. Observation checklists were used to collect data on housing conditions while questionnaires were used to elicit responses from households on their demographic data and residential mobility behaviour. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize household demographic data and analyse household residential mobility behaviour. Findings revealed that changes in household income, though negligible for the majority, translated to an 8% increase in households’ demand for flats. Consequently, variations in household income affected the ability of households to optimize housing consumption.
Page(s): 16-23 Date of Publication: 24 September 2021
Ehiemere, Nnamdi D
Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
Professor Ogbuefi, Joseph U.
Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus
[1] Ahmed (1992). Choice of Location and Mobility Behaviour of Migrant Households in a Third World City. Sage Journals 29(7), 1147 – 1157 https://doi.org/10.1080/00420989220081091
[2] Burgess and Skeltys (1992). Findings from the Housing and Location Choice Survey: an overview’, eds. Housing and Urban Development Division and Department of Health Housing and Community Services. Australian Government Publishing Service
[3] Clark and Huang (2003). The Life Course and Residential Mobility in British Housing Markets. Environment and Planning A, 35 (2), 323-399.
[4] Clark and Withers (1999). Changing Jobs and Changing Houses: Mobility Outcomes of Employment Transitions. Journal of Regional Science, 39(4), 653–673
[5] Coulton, C., Theodos, B., & Turner, M.A. (2012). Residential Mobility and Neighbourhood Change: Real Neighbourhoods under the Microscope. City Scape; Journal of Policy Development and Research, 14(3), 55-90.
[6] Coupe and Morgan (2001). Towards a fuller understanding of Residential Mobility: A case study of Northampton, England. Environment and Planning 13.
[7] Cresswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (2nd edition). Thousand Oaks: CA Sage.
[8] Dawkins, C. (2006). Are Social Networks the Ties that Bind Families to Neighbourhoods? Housing Studies, 21(6), 864-881.
[9] De Groot, M., Clara, H., Das, M., & Manting, D. (2011). Life Events and the Gap between Intention to move and Actual Mobility. Environment and Planning A, 43 (1), 48.
[10] Domenico, P., Daniel, T. L., and Michael C. T. (2019). Remaking Metropolitan America? Residential Mobility and Racial Integration in the Suburbs. Socious: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World (5).
[11] Eluru, S., Bhat, P., & Kay, W. A. (2009). Understanding Residential Motility: Joint Model of the Reason for Residential Relocation and Stay Duration. Transportation Research Record, 2133 (1), 64-74.
[12] Ha, M., & Weber, M. J. (1991). Determinants of Residential Environmental Qualities and Satisfaction: Effects of Financing, Housing programs and Housing Regulations. Housing and Society.
[13] Hamizah, A. F., Abdul, G. S., Nurwati, B., and Kausar, A. (2015). Factors Affecting Residential Mobility among Households in Penang, Malaysia. Procedia – Social and Behavioural Sciences 170; 516 – 526
[14] Helderman, A., Mulder, C., & VanHam, M. (2004). The Changing Effect of Home Ownership on Residential Mobility in the Netherlands 1980-98. Housing Studies, (19)4, 601-616.
[15] Jānis, K., Guido, S., and Māris, B. (2018). Residential satisfaction and mobility behaviour among the young: insights from the post-Soviet city of Riga. Belgeo; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/belgeo.28347
[16] Kim, T.K., Horner, M.W., and Marans, R.W. (2005). Life Cycle and Environmental Factors in Selecting Residential and Job Locations. Housing Studies, 20(3) 457-73
[17] Kelly, J. B., & Lamb, M. E. (2003). Developmental issues in relocation cases involving young children: When, whether, and how? Journal of Family Psychology, 17, 193–205.
[18] Maria and Reynolds (2002). The residential Preference of Blacks: Do They Explain Persistent Segregation. Social Forces, 937 – 980.
[19] Mulder, C. H., & Hommejjer (1999). Residential Relocations in Life Courses. In Wissen, L.G., & Dykotra, P. (Eds), Population Issues, 159-186. Springer, Netherlands.
[20] (NBS, 2016). Annual Abstracts of Statistics.
[21] Oh, Jooseok. (2020). Residential Mobility and Quality of Life between Metropolitan Areas: The Case of South Korea. Sustainability 12, 8611: doi:10.3390/su12208611
[22] Paaswell, R., & Benjamin, J. (1977). A user-oriented housing choice model. Urban Systems, 2, 133-42.
[23] Rabe, B., & Taylor, M. (2010). Residential Mobility, Quality of Neighbourhood and Life Course Events. Journal of Royal Statistical Society Series A, 173(3), 531-555.
[24] Rossi, P. H. (1955). Why Families Move: A Study in the Social Psychology of Urban Residential Mobility. Glencoe, Illinois: The Free Press.
[25] Shammi and Jannatul (2014). Study on The Factors Influencing Residential Location Choice of The Garments Workers of Mirpur, Dhaka City. International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering, 1 (8): 73-86.
[26] Shawal, S. & Ferdous, J. (2014). Study on the Factors Influencing Residential Location Choice of the Garments Workers of Mirpur, Dhaka City. International Journal of Chemical and Process Engineering Research, 1(6), pp.73-86.
[27] Speare, A. (1974). Residential Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable in Residential Mobility. Demography, 11, 173-188.
[28] Tim, M., David, M., and Clive, E. S. (2018). Residential Mobility: Towards progress in mobility health research. Progress in Human Geography 42(1) 112-133.
[29] Tyner, W. (2013). Biofuels and Land Use Charge Applying Recent Evidence to Model Estimates. Applied Sciences, 3, 14-38.
[30] Ubani, P., Alaci, D. S.A, and Udoo, V. (2017). Determinants of Residential Neighbourhood Choice in a Nigerian Metropolis. Journal of Humanities and Social Science 22 (7) 1- 11
[31] Van Ham M and Feijten P (2008) Who wants to leave the neighbourhood? The effect of being different from the neighbourhood population on wishes to move. Environment and Planning A 40(5): 1151–1170
[32] Viola Angelini & Anne Laferrère, (2010). Residential Mobility of the European Elderly. CESifo Working Paper Series 3280, CESifo.
[33] Waddell, P. (1996). Accessibility and Residential Location: The Interaction of Workplace, Residential Mobility, Tenure, and Location Choices in Taxation, Resources and Economic Development Conference. Lincoln Land Institute.
[34] William, M. S. (2000). Influence of Race on Household Residential Utility. Geographical Analysis, 32 (3) 225 – 245.
[35] Wu (2010). Housing environment preference of young consumers in Guangzhou, China. Property Management. 28(3) 174-192.
[36] Vaalavuo, M., Maarten van Ham and Kauppinen, T. M. (2017). Income Increase and Moving to a Better Neighbourhood: An Enquiry into Ethnic Differences in Finland. IZA Institute of Labour Economics Discussion Paper Series (IZA DP No. 11076)
Ehiemere, Nnamdi D & Professor Ogbuefi, Joseph U., “Residential Mobility Behaviour amongst Households within Enugu Metropolis: does a change in household income matter?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.16-23 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5903
Download PDF
Rural Women and Family Planning Use in Selected Communities in Oye Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Egbo, Ken Amaechi- September 2021 Page No.: 24-32
Family planning is a program that supports the rights of women and girls to freely choose for themselves, how many children they want to have. Nigeria population was estimated at around 190.88 million people and 410.6 million people by year 2050 all things being equal. Nigeria is currently the most populous country in Africa and the7th most populous nation in the world and projected to be the third country with highest population. Annual population increase is 4.5 million and estimated annual growth rate of 3% per annum. This rapid population growth is alarming and it is primarily sustained by the fertility level in the country. At the moment, Nigeria Total Fertility Rate is 5.5, which is one of the highest TFR in Africa, such rapid population growth and high TFR demand attention. This study is therefore carried out to investigate the family planning practice, knowledge, types and reasons for not using family planning among rural women in Oye and Ilupeju communities in Ekiti State with a view to making necessary recommendations that would improve family planning practices. The cross-sectional study was carried out in Oye and Ilupeju communities in Ekiti State. The target population was women of reproductive age 15 and above in Oye and Ilupeju communities. A convenience sampling technique was used to select the respondents. All data were statistically analyzed, using statistical package for social sciences and statistical test of significance was performed with chi-square test. A total of 200 respondents participated in the study. The main determinant of the use of family planning in Oye and Ilupeju communities is spouse decision making, and most of the respondent have heard and use more than one method of family planning. Indication shows that spouse decision making influences the use of family planning in Oye and Ilupeju communities in Ekiti. Conclusively, recommendation is thereby made for more awareness of men towards the use of family planning in Oye and Ilupeju communities.
Page(s): 24-32 Date of Publication: 24 September 2021
Egbo, Ken Amaechi
Department of Criminology and Security Studies, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
[1] Abiodun, O.M. and Balogun, O.R. (2009). Sexual Activity and Contraceptive Use among Young Female Students of Tertiary Educational Institutions in Ilorin, Nigeria. Contraception, 79, 146-149.
[2] Anyanwu, J.I., Ezegbe, B.N. and Eskay, M. (2013). Family Planning in Nigeria: A Myth or Reality? Implications for Education. Journal of Education and Practice, Issue 4, Volume 15.
[3] Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and HumanDecision Processes, 50, 179-211
[4] Cigoli, Vittorio and Binda, Wilma (1993). Health and the Family, World Health Organisation.46th Year, No. 6, Nov, – Dec. 1993.
[5] Etukudo, Itimitang W. and Inyang, Anietie A. (2014). Determinants of use of Maternal Health Care Services in a Rural Nigerian Community, Research on Humanities and Social Science, Vol 4, Issue 18
[6] Etokidem, A. J., Ndifon, W; Asuquo, E., and Etowa, J. (2017). Family Planning Practices of Rural Community Dwellers in Cross River State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, Volume 20, Issue 6.
[7] Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2008). National Population Commission, Federal Republic of Nigeria Abuja, Nigeria.
[8] Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2013). National Population Commission, Federal Republic of Nigeria Abuja, Nigeria.
[9] Ngwu, Christopher N. (2014). Awareness and Attitude of Family Planning Among RuralWomen of Nsukka Local Government Area: Implications for Social Work Intervention. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, Volume 5, Issue 27
[10] Okediji, F.O. (2003). Attitude Knowledge and Practice of Family Planning Among Married Women in the City of Ibadan. West African Method Journal, Volume 13, Issue 6.
[11] Oriji, Vaduneme K, Jeremiah, I and Kasso, T. (2009). Induced Abortion Among Students of University of Port Harcourt. Nigerian journal of Medicine: Journal of the National Association of Resident Doctors of Nigeria, Volume 18, Issue 2.
[12] Otoide, V.O., Oronsaye, F. and Okonofua, F.E. (2001). Sexual and Contraceptive Use among Secondary Students in Benin City, Nigeria. Journal of Obstetrics Gynaecology, 23, 261-265.
[13] Singh, Susheela, Darroch, Jacqueline E. and Ashford Lori S. (2014). “Adding It Up: The Costs and Benefits of Investing in Sexual and Reproductive Health.” Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY.USA
[14] United Nations Population Fund Activies (2011). State of the World Population. (www.unfpa.org/publications/unfpa-annual-report-2011)3
[15] HIV/AIDS, sexual practices, reproductive health and risk assessment among informal sector workers in Ondo State Nigeria3
[16] HIV/AIDS, sexual practices, reproductive health and risk assessment among informal sector workers in Ondo State Nigeria
[17] HIV/AIDS, sexual practices, reproductive health and risk assessment among informal sector workers in Ondo State Nigeri
[18] Usman, Saheed O, Agboola, Ganiyu B, Oluwalogbon Yisa and Umeozulu, Florence (2015). HIV/AIDS, Sexual Practices, Reproductive Health and Risk Assessment among Informal Sector Workers in Ondo State, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science, Volume 4, Issue 3
[19] World Health Organization (2013). World Fertility Report: Fertility at the Extreme. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division
Egbo, Ken Amaechi, “Rural Women and Family Planning Use in Selected Communities in Oye Local Government Area, Ekiti State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.24-32 September 2021 URL : https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/24-32.pdf
Download PDF
The HRM Function in Church and Faith Based Organisations in Zimbabwe: Interrogating the current Status and Practices?
Sazane Jethro Ngwenya, Dean Moyo, Theresi Sibanda – September 2021 – Page No.: 33-42
The HRM function has been proven to play a critical role in most regulated social institutions as it provides stability, strategic direction for growth, relevant guidance on industrial relations and effective conflict resolution yet there exist deep and diverse entrenched sectoral opinions on the applicability, efficacy and usefulness of the of human resource function. The paper focuses on the need to understand the current status and practices of the Human Resource Management function in Faith Based organisations in Zimbabwe by highlighting the organisations’ stance and inclinations towards the application, efficacy and usefulness of the Human Resource Management function against the “biblical and spiritual” nature as observed and suggested by some scholars. In addition, the paper endeavours to establish the challenges faced by Faith based organisations as they adapt and adopt the Human Resource Function in their structures and operations. The paper adopts a qualitative paradigm, drawing on the general systems theoretical view point to offer deeper insight into the current status and prevailing practices in the implementation of the Human Resource Management Function in Faith Based or Church based organisations in Zimbabwe. The article provides a detailed description of the way in which the HRM function is utilised in Zimbabwean Faith based or Church organisations. The article also demonstrates how the general systems theory can contribute towards a deeper understanding of the current status and prevailing practices in so far as HRM practices are concerned. The findings of the paper show that the HR function is not given much attention neither is it being practised professionally within Faith based organisations in Zimbabwe. The paper among other recommendations largely recommends that the bible schools should include in the curriculum for the clergy who are the leaders in the church, human resource management modules among other administration courses so as to enlighten the church on the need for professional human resource management.
Page(s): 33-42 Date of Publication: 25 September 2021
Sazane Jethro Ngwenya
Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
Dean Moyo
Global Institute Hospitality and Tourism, Zimbabwe
Theresi Sibanda
Joshua Mqabuko Polytechnic College, Zimbabwe
[1] Accra, J S and Arugu LO., (2015) Effective Management of Human Resources for Business and Church Growth : An International Multi-disciplinary Journal , Ethiopia, Vol. 9(2), Serial Number 37, April, 2015, pp 189-196
[2] Alase, A. (2017) The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) A Guide to a Good Qualitative Research Approach. International Journal of Education
[3] Armstrong, M & Taylor, S (2017) Armstrong’s Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, London, Kogan Page
[4] Andrews, B and Roller, R., (2019) Pastoral preparation for ministry management and leadership: Oklahoma Wesleyan University: John Dunn Institute Viewed online on 26/03/20 on http://paperlib.net/doc/5231671/pastoral-preparation-for-ministry-management-and-leadership
[5] Barnett, V., (2016) Sample survey Principles and Methods. London, Edward Arnold
[6] Baruch, Y., (2019) ‘Response Rates in Academic Studies-A Comparative Analysis’, Human Relations Journal, Vol.52, No. 4, pp421-38
[7] Canadian Baptists of Ontario and Quabec (2018) Building Sound Human Resource Practices: A Workbook to guide your church: 5 International Blvd, Canada
[8] Coghlan, D., and Brannick, T., (2017) Doing Action Research in Your Own Organization 2nd Edition, London, Sage.
[9] Chatira, F and Mwenje, J., (2018) The development of management skills for effective church management in pastoral preparation programs in Zimbabwe: African Journal of Business Management, Vol. 12(5), pp 103-120, 14 March, 2018
[10] Cohall, KG and Cooper BS (2017) Educating American Baptist pastors: A national survey of church leaders: J. Res. Christ. Educ. 19(1):27-55.
[11] Cole Jnr AH., (2018) From Mid-Terms to Ministry: Practical Theologians on Pastoral Beginnings: William B Eerdmans Publishing company: Michigan
[12] Corbetta, P., (2017) Social Research: Theory, Methods and Techniques, London, Sage.
[13] Curran, DJ., (2017) Policy and Procedures Handbook for professional and support staff Employees: Viewed on http://www.udayton.edu/hr
[14] Dobson, R., (2018) Effective Strategic Planning for Ministry Effectiveness. Mount Vernon Nazarene College: Viewed online on 20/08/2021 on https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Efficient-Nazarene/1b4082948b6570cb77da9a7282a560c
[15] Drucker, PF., (2017) Managing the non-profit organisation, Butterworth-Heineman: New York
[16] Fremeaux S & Michelson G., (2017) Human Resource Management, Theology and Meaningful work: International Journal of Employment Studies .25. 27-43
[17] Gibson L L., (2018) Human Resource Management Practices in the Church: A Study of the H.R. Practices in the Church of God Reformation Movement in Barbados. Dorrance Publishing Bookstore
[18] Fitzgerald, T., (2020) Introduction to Orthodoxy: Teachings of the Orthodox Church: New York: Viewed on 27/03/2020 on: https:// groach.org/-/teachings-of-the-orthodox-church
[19] Ghauri, P., and Gronhaung, K., (2019) Research Methods in Business Studies: A Practical Guide (3rd Edition), Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
[20] Gill, J., and Johnson, P., (2018) Research Methods for Managers 3rd Edition, London, Sage.
[21] Hoge, D and Wenger, JE., (2020) Pastors in Transition: Why clergy leave local church ministry (Pulpit and Pew), Michigan: William B Eerdmans Publishing Company
[22] Holmes, PA., (2017) A Pastor’s toolbox: Management skills for parish leadership: Minnesota: Liturgical Press.
[23] Irwin, C and Roller, R., (2016) Pastoral Preparation for ministry management: J. Min. Market. Manage. 6(1):53-67.
[24] Jackson, SE and Schuler, RS., (2017) Understanding Human Resource Management in the Context of Organisations and their Environments: Annual Review Psychol. 1995. 46:237-64 Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org
[25] Katz D and Kahn RL (2018) The Social Psychology of Organisations: Wiley, New York
[26] Kast FE and Rosenzweig JE (2017) General Systems Theory: Applications for Organisations and Management: University of Washington
[27] Li Lin, CK., (2017) The Church and Management: Synthesis of a re-orientation framework for management theories through a theological engagement with management science (Thesis, Australian Catholic University) Retrieved from https://doi.org.//10.4226/66/sa9dbc3833628
[28] Maina, PM and Afande, FO., (2015) Human Resource Management Practices of the Presbyterian Church of East Africa and Organisations’ performance (The case of PCEA St. Andrews, Nairobi Kenya) Viewed on 20/08/21https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/HumanResource-Management-Practices
[29] Messina, S., (2017) Human Resource Management for Church Ministry: broken Bay Institute, Sydney
[30] Oosthuizen, AJ and Lategan, LOK., (2015) ‘Managing the Household of God’ -The contribution from Management Sciences to the sustainability of the Church as an organisation: Stellenbosch Theological Journal 2015, Vol. 1, No.2, 551 – 568
[31] Oluwasegun, G., (2016) Principles and Practices of Church Management (2nd Edn): New York: Book baby: Viewed on 06/04/2020 on https://books.google.co.zw/books
[32] O’Brien, R (2019) Human Resource Management through Spiritual Lens, Viewed on 19/08/2021 on https://www.google.com/search?q=human+resource+management:+a+biblical+perspective
[33] Panda, B and Leepsa NM., (2017) Agency Theory: Review of Theory and Evidence on Problems and Perspectives: Indian Journal of Corporate Governance 10(1) 74-95 Institute of Public Enterprise SAGE Publications. Viewed on 04/04/2020 on https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317321830_Agency_theory_Review_of_Theory_and_Evidence_on_Problems_and_Perspectives
[34] Ramboarison-Lalao L., (2018) Understanding HRM in Religious Organizations: HRM Practices within Two Churches of the Protestant Federation of France: In book: HRM in Mission Driven Organizations (pp.115-144) 10.1007/978-3-319-57583-4_5
[35] Roman Catholic Diocese of Boise (2016) Parish School Human Resource Manual-Managing the Church’s greatest resource: Federal Way Ste 400
[36] Sample, A K., (2017) Parish and School Employee Handbook: Archdiocese of Portland Oregon
[37] Sartain, P J., (2020) Parish Human Resource Policies of the Archdiocese of Seatle, Washington DC
[38] Sifuna-Evelia, M (2017) Human Resource Management Practices: A biblical perspective, Viewed on 19/08/2021 on https://www.amazon.com/Human-Resource-Management-Practices-Perspective/dp/1543742289
[39] Singh, KY (2018) Fundamentals of Research Methodology and Statistics, New Dheli New Age International Publishers
[40] Shava, G. N. & Nkengbeza, D. Qualitative research paradigm: A design for distance education researchers. The Namibia CPD Journal for Education. 2019. Vol.5.p.237-258. doi 10 1080/18146627.2017
[41] The United Church of Canada (2019) Human Resource Policy Manual (For staff of the General Council office and Regional Councils of the United Church of Canada)
[42] Udeheyop, I and Utuk E., (2019) A workshop Paper on Church Management (Administration, Accountability and Human Resource Management for Churches): International Pastors Conference, Nigeria
Sazane Jethro Ngwenya, Dean Moyo, Theresi Sibanda, “The HRM Function in Church and Faith Based Organisations in Zimbabwe: Interrogating the current Status and Practices?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.33-42 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/33-42.pdf
Download PDF
Digitalization of Teaching and Learning: Experiences and Opportunities in Selected Higher Learning Institutions in Zambia
Rose Chikopela, Francis S. Sikanyika, Cynthia N. Kalizinje, Grace Sondashi – September 2021 – Page No.: 43-53
The study was undertaken to analyze higher learning institutions’ e-learning policies post COVID-19. A descriptive research design was used. The sample comprised 10 administrators and 15 lectures in 10 Universities, and 30 students who were randomly selected. Data was collected using questionnaires while analysis of data was done using SPSS to obtain descriptive statistics. The study revealed that Universities have e-learning policies in place and are prepared for digital teaching and learning. The study established that lecturers and students prefer traditional face-to-face learning to e-learning. Though e-learning has opportunities in the COVID-19 era such as time and cost effective, and enhancing learning to a larger crowd outside campus, it is expensive to many institutions of higher learning due to high costs of maintenance of equipment, software and training of staff on online teaching. In addition, learners also find it challenging to use e-learning platforms due to factors such as poor internet connectivity, electricity load shedding which results in prolonged power outage and expensive data bundles in Zambia. The study concludes that e-learning is the safest mode of teaching during this period of COVID-19 and that despite learners favoring the traditional face-to-face learning, they must adapt to e-learning. Therefore, the study recommends that institutions of higher learning create digital technologies at local level such as Personal Learning Network (PLN) and Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) which are cost effective and easy to setup.
Page(s): 43-53 Date of Publication: 25 September 2021
Rose Chikopela
Zambia Institute of Special Education, Department of Hearing Impairment, Lusaka, Zambia
Francis S. Sikanyika
Bwalya Mponda Secondary School, Department of Guidance and Counselling, Lunga, Zambia
Cynthia N. Kalizinje
Royal Monze Institute of Medical Evangelism, Department of Philanthropy, Lusaka, Zambia
Grace Sondashi
Libala Secondary School, Department of Guidance and Counselling, Lusaka, Zambia
[1] Agomuo, E. E. (2007). Education in the ‘E’ Era: Implications for National Education Reforms. A lead paper presented at the 19th Annual Conference of Association of Business Educators of Zambia (ABEN), Ebonyi State University.
[2] Astorne Moonde. The Evaluation of the eLearning Challenges and Opportunities in Rural Schools: The Case Study of Luano District of Central Province of Zambia. (Conference ID: CFP/178/2017) The International Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Research. ISSN: 3471-7102.
[3] Bagarukayo, E & Kalema, B (2015), Evaluation of e-learning usage in South African universities: A critical review. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2015, Vol. 11, Issue 2.
[4] Betty, R. Barr., and Tagg, J. (1995). From teaching to learning: A new paradigm for undergraduate education. Change, 27(6), 13 – 25.
[5] Betty A. Barr and Sonya F. Miller. (2013). Higher Education: The Online Teaching and Learning Experience. University of Phoenix Faculty School of Advanced Studies.
[6] Blackwell, C. (2013). Teacher Practices with Mobile Technology Integrating Tablet Computers into The Early Childhood Classroom. Journal of Education Research, Oct.
[7] Bloom, B.S (1956) Taxonomy of educational objectives: the classification of educational goals: Cognitive Domain. Longman
[8] Cambridge Assessment International. Digital technologies in the Classroom. www.cambridgeinternational.org/events. Accessed February, 21, 2021.
[9] Downe, S. (2007) An Introduction to Connectivist knowledge in Hug, T (2007). Media Knowledge& Education- exploring new spaces, relations and dynamics in digital media ecologies, proceedings of the International Conference, June 25-27, 2007.
[10] Esther Nyemba and Bernadette Deka Zulu (2020) Implementation Status and Challenges of ICTs in Zambian Schools. Lusaka: PMRC.
[11] Goldie, J.G S. (2016) Connectivism: a knowledge learning theory for the digital age? Medical Teacher, 38(10), pp.1064-1069.
[12] Hannah Sausen (2020). What is Digitalization? Opportunities and Challenges in East-Africa. Kigali: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.
[13] Hargis, J., Wilcox, S.M., 2008. Ubiquitous, Free, and Efficient Online Collaboration Tools for Teaching and Learning. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education (TOJDE) 9, 9–17.
[14] J. Ma. (2010), Implementing E-learning in traditional universities: Drivers and Barriers. Jonkoping International Business School.
[15] Jimoh-Kadiri, S.O. (2008). Rationale for integrating ICT into an Education Curriculum in Zambia. Journal of Education and Allied Sciences 2 (2): 65–72.
[16] Julian Küsel, Florence Martin and Silvija Markic (2020). University Students’ Readiness for Using Digital Media and Online Learning- Comparison between Germany and the USA. Education Science. 2020, 10, 313; doi:10.3390/educsci10110313. www.mdpi.com/journal/education.
[17] Juul Schurgers, Gvan Stam, S. Banda, and M. Labib. (2009). Opportunities and challenges of e-learning in Zambia: experiences and reflections. Medical Journal of Zambia, Vol. 36, Number 3.
[18] Kituyi, G & Makerere, I. T (2013), A framework for the integration of e-learning in higher education institutions in developing countries. International Journal of Education and development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2013, Vol. 9, Iss. 2.
[19] Konayuma, G.S (2015), A Study of the Enablers and Challenges in the Implementation of e-Learning Policies in Technical Education, Vocational and Entrepreneurship Training Colleges in Zambia. Cape Town: Cape Town University.
[20] Kunda, D, Chembe, C & Mukupa, G (2018), Factors that influence Zambian higher education lecturer’s attitude towards integrating ICTs in teaching and research. Kabwe: Mulungushi University.
[21] Laura Schelenz, Kerstin Schopp. “Digitalization in Africa: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Technology, Development, and Justice.” International Journal of Digital Society (IJDS), Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2018.
[22] Malissa, M. M., Chandra Reka, R., Yazilmiwati, Y., Othman I. (2019). Theories into Practices: Bloom’s Taxonomy Comprehensive Learning Theories (CLT) and E-Assessments. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/331008710.
[23] Martyn, S. (2008). Descriptive Research Design. Retrieved Aug 24, 2021 from Explorable.com: https://explorable.com/descriptive-research-design
[24] McInnerney, J. M., & Roberts, T. S. (2004). Online Learning: Social Interaction and the Creation of a Sense of Community. Educational Technology & Society, 7(3), 73-81.
[25] Milligan, C. (2006). What is a PLE? The future or Just another buzz world? Retrieved from http://www.elearning.ac.uk/news-folder/ple%20event.
[26] Roumel, E. A & Salajan, F. D (2014), A comparative Analysis of E-learning policy formulation in the European Union and United States of America.
[27] Rose Chikopela, Daniel L. Mpolomoka, Francis S. Sikanyika, Grace Sondashi, Cynthia N. Kalizinje and Judith Zimba. Student’s perspectives on enhancing research in ODL in selected higher learning institutions in Zambia. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI). Volume: VIII, Issue I, January 2021, ISSN 2321–2705.
[28] Rossiter, D, E (2006), Embedding E-learning in universities: Analysis and conceptualization of changes processes. Queensland: Queensland University of Technology.
[29] Selvanathan et al, (2020), Students learning experiences during COVID-19: Work from home period in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions. University of Malaysia: SAGE Publication.
[30] Siemens, G. (2006). Connectivism Learning Theory or Pastime for the self-amused? Retrieved from http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/Connectivism_self amused.htm.
[31] Staff (2020). Impact on Education Digitalization. August 5, 2020 www.legalreader.com
[32] Parviainen, Päivi, Maarit Tihinen, Jukka Kääriäinen, and Susanna Teppola. “Tackling the digitalization chal-lenge: how to benefit from digitalization in practice.” International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management, 2017: 2-3.
[33] Zhang, D and Nunamaker, J. F (2003). ‘Powering E-Learning in the New Millennium: An Overview of E-Learning and Enabling Technology’. Information Systems Frontiers 5 (2): 207- 218.
Rose Chikopela, Francis S. Sikanyika, Cynthia N. Kalizinje, Grace Sondashi , “Digitalization of Teaching and Learning: Experiences and Opportunities in Selected Higher Learning Institutions in Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.43-53 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/43-53.pdf
Download PDF
Education and Years of Experience as Determinants of Coaches’ Training Needs Relating to Coaching and Mentoring Skills for Professional Practice in Benue State
Terkimbi Victor Ikpato, John Ityonande Ityodugh, Tavershima Kparev, Okeke Elizabeth Chidinma, Akpu Emmanuel Emeka, Mary Agajah – September 2021 – Page No.: 54-59
Purpose: This study assessed education and years of experience as determinants of coaching and mentoring skills for professional practice in Benue State to assess the differences in coaching and mentoring skills based on educational qualification and years of experience. Methods: and Materials: The research design that was adopted for this study was survey research design. The Population of the study consisted of all the coaches of Benue State Sports Council Makurdi. One hundred and sixty two (162) coaches of Benue State Sports Council were used for the study. A structured questionnaire developed by the researcher was used for data collection in the study. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse differences in coaches’ level of education in coaching and mentoring skills. The independent sample t-test was used to find out years of experience differences in coaching and mentoring skills. All the analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23) at 0.05 level of significance. Findings: The mean rating by coaches on their training needs ranged between 2.78 and 3.00. The analysis further indicated that, there is a significant difference in the mean ratings of educational level of coaches in Benue State on training needs relating to coaching and mentoring skills (p<0.05).Conversely, there was no significant difference in the mean ratings of years of experience of coaches in Benue State on training needs relating to coaching and mentoring skills (p>0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that more experienced coaches should be aware that as coaches they are leaders and mentors and should build their capacity to maintain and sustain their wellbeing and that of others for their professional practice.
Page(s): 54-59 Date of Publication: 25 September 2021
Terkimbi Victor Ikpato
Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
John Ityonande Ityodugh
Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
Tavershima Kparev
Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
Okeke Elizabeth Chidinma
Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Akpu Emmanuel Emeka
Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Mary Agajah
Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
[1] Benetto, K. S.(2010). The influence of training and gender in mentoring on novice school administrators. ETD Archive. 31. https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/etdarchive/31
[2] Bloom, B.S. (2018). Developing talent in young people. Ballantine.
[3] Brinkerhoff, S. & Robert, O. (2010). Expanding needs analysis. Training and Development Journal, 64-65.
[4] Campbell, T.& Sullivan, P. (2015).The effect of a standardized coaching education program on the efficacy of novice coaches. Avante, 11(1), 38-45.7.
[5] Clutterbuck, D. (2013) Coaching and mentoring at the top. Management Today, 19(5), 38-40.
[6] Clutterbuck, D., & Lane, G. (2014).The situational mentor: An international review of competences and capabilities in mentoring. Hants: Gower Publishing Limited.
[7] Cushion, C. (2017). Modeling the complexity of the coaching process. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 2(2), 427-433.
[8] Cushion, C. Armour, K. & Jones, R. (2013). Coach education and continuing professional development: experience and learning to coach. Quest, 55, 215-230.
[9] Davies, B. (2016). Coaching as the kicker in accelerated development. Paper Delivered at the 5thAnnual Mentoring & Coaching Conference, Johannesburg, 23rdMarch 2006.
[10] Erasmus, B.J. & Van Dyk, P.S. (2014).Training management in South Africa. Oxford University Press.
[11] Fourie, L. (2016). Competency profile of a mentor/coach. Paper Delivery at the 5th Annual Mentoring and Coaching Conference, Johannesburg, 22nd March 2006.
[12] Gilbert, W., & Trudel, P. (2011). Learning to coach through experience: Reflection in model youth sport coaches. Journal of Teaching and Physical Education, 21, 16-34.
[13] Marback, T., Short, S., Short, M., & Sullivan, P. (2015). Coaching confidence: An exploratory investigation of sources and gender differences. Journal of Sport Behavior, 28(1), 8-35.
[14] McNamme, M., & Parry, S. (Eds.). (2008). Ethics and sport. E & Fn Sports.
[15] Mirabile, R.J. (2007). Everything you wanted to know about competency modeling, training and development. Journal of Physical Education, 12,34-39.
[16] Osei, K.T. (2008). Essential of sporting activities. Olaniyan & Co.
[17] Quratul Ain H., Qayyum, A. C., Saira, N. & Mahek A. (2017). Impact of gender, qualification and experience on mentoring practices in public sector universities of Islamabad. Bulletin of Education and Research December, 39(3), 183-201.
[18] Uti, J. O. & Ojeme, (2007).Comprehensive physical education for junior secondary schools. Africana First Publishers Ltd.
[19] Parsloe, E. (1999). The manager as a coach and. The Guernsey Press.
Terkimbi Victor Ikpato, John Ityonande Ityodugh, Tavershima Kparev, Okeke Elizabeth Chidinma, Akpu Emmanuel Emeka, Mary Agajah, “Education and Years of Experience as Determinants of Coaches’ Training Needs Relating to Coaching and Mentoring Skills for Professional Practice in Benue State” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.54-59 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/54-59.pdf
Download PDF
The Influence of Organizational Commitment, Competence, Academic Atmosphere on Motivation and Performance (Study on State Elementary School Teachers in Region 3T: Lagging, Frontier, Outermost)
Alimudin Muhammad, Muhammad Basir-Cyio, Bakri Hasanuddin – September 2021 – Page No.: 60-75
The purpose of this study is to empirically test and explain (1) the effect of organizational commitment on motivation, (2) the effect of Competence on motivation, (3) the influence of the academic atmosphere on motivation, (4) the effect of organizational commitment on performance, (5) the effect of Competence on performance, (6) the effect of the academic atmosphere on performance, and (7) the effect of motivation on performance. This type of research is explanatory research. The research sample is teachers who work in the 3 T region (Lagging, Frontier, Outermost) in Tojo Una-Una Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, and the number of samples is 200 teachers. The data analysis method uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the results show that (1) organizational commitment has a significant effect on motivation, (2) competence has no significant effect on
Page(s): 60-75 Date of Publication: 25 September 2021
The Democratization Process in Cameroon, Thirty (30) Years after Democratic Transition (1990-2020): Achievements, Challenges, Uncertainties and Prospects
Dr. William Hermann Arrey & Dr. Steve Tametong Nguemo Tsidie – September 2021 – Page No.: 76-82
How to apprehend and describe the democratic process in Cameroon three decades after the democratic transitions of the 90s? This is the question at the heart of this contribution, which aims to highlight the achievements, analyze the contingencies of practice and lay the groundwork for a better entrenchment of democratic culture and the rule of law. Based on the analysis of legal texts and the description of the facts, the study shows that the formal gains of the democratic process are shaken, thirty years later, by numerous crises: institutional crisis; crisis of public freedoms and the rule of law; crisis of electoral democracy. The relaunch of the democratic process necessarily requires a renewal of political leadership, the grooming of certain ‘liberticidal’ laws, the establishment of fair rules for electoral competition, the education of the people in democratic culture and the decisive contribution of the diaspora in the peace and development process of Cameroon.
Page(s): 76-82 Date of Publication: 25 September 2021
Dr. William Hermann Arrey
Senior Lecturer and Chair-Department of Peace and Development Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and International Relations, Protestant University of Central Africa (PUCA). Yaoundé, Cameroon
Dr. Steve Tametong Nguemo Tsidie
Research Fellow in Democracy and Governance, Nkafu Policy Institute, Yaoundé, Cameroon
[1] Arrey, W.H. (2020). Government Corruption, Politics of Prebendalism and Democratic Governance in Quebec, Canada. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) |Volume IV, Issue X, October 2020|ISSN 2454-6186.
[2] Ahadzi, K. (2002). Les nouvelles tendances du constitutionnalisme africain : le cas des États d’Afrique noire francophones. Afrique Juridique et Politique, 1(2), 34-86.
[3] Ardant, P. (2005). Institutions politiques et droit constitutionnel. LGDJ.
[4] Bayard, J.F. (1991). La problématique de la démocratie en Afrique noire, La Baule et puis après ?. Politique africaine, 43, 5-20.
[5] Bedi Etekou, Y.S. (2013). L’alternance démocratique dans les États d’Afrique noire francophone, Thèse de Doctorat/Ph.D en droit, Université Paris-Est, 449.
[6] Boukongou, J. D. (2013). Les sept plaies des élections et de la démocratie en Afrique. Cahier africain des droits de l’homme, 12, 10.
[7] Boumakani, B. (1997). Démocratie, droits de l’homme et État de droit. Annales de la FSJP, Université de Dschang, 2(1), 5-22.
[8] Breton, J.M. (2005). Trente ans de constitutionnalisme d’importation dans les pays d’Afrique noire francophone entre mimétisme et réception critique : cohérences et incohérences (1960-1990). Actes du 6ème Congrès français de droit constitutionnel, www.droit-constitutionnel.org consulté le 08 février 2021.
[9] Chevallier, J. (2017). L’État de droit. LGDJ.
[10] CONAC, G. (1993). L’Afrique en transition vers le pluralisme politique. Economica.
[11] Donfack Sokeng, L. (2016). À la recherche de l’État de droit. Notions. Acceptions. Application. Colloque de la CIB, Yaoundé.
[12] Eboussi Boulaga, F. (2009). Les conférences nationales souveraines, une affaire à suivre en Afrique noire. Karthala.
[13] Favoreu, L. (1990). Droit de la constitution et constitution du droit. Revue Française de Droit Constitutionnel, 1:72.
[14] Favoreu, L. (2014). La Constitution et son juge. Economica.
[15] Gatsi, E.A. (2015). Mise en place du Senat au Cameroun : légitimité et légalité en question. Revue du Public et de la Science Politique en France et à l’Étranger, 1627-1648.
[16] Gonidec, P.F, (1988). À quoi servent les constitutions africaines ? Réflexions sur le constitutionnalisme africain. Revue Juridique et Politique Indépendance et Coopération, 4, 849-866.
[17] Gouard, C. (1991). Recherche sur le phénomène de transition démocratique. Revue du Public et de la Science Politique en France et à l’Étranger, 81-120.
[18] Guastini, R. (2010). Leçons de théorie constitutionnelle. Dalloz.
[19] Guimdo Dongmo, B.R. (2021). La constitutionnalisation des droits et libertés dans les États d’Afrique noire francophone. Afrilex,1-38.
[20] Guimdo Dongmo, B.R. (2018). Constitution et démocratie dans les États francophones d’Afrique. In O. Narey (Eds), La constitution. 159-194. L’Harmattan.
[21] Holeindre, J. and Riched, B. (2010). La démocratie : Histoire, théories, pratiques, Éditions Sciences humaines. Holo, T. (2009). Émergence de la justice constitutionnelle. Pouvoirs, 129, 101-114.
[22] Jacquemot, P. (2020). Trente ans d’élections en Afrique : bilan et défis nouveaux. Pouvoirs, 4(175), 131-145. Jaume, L. (2021). L’idée de démocratie autoritaire. Jus Politicum, 25, 9-16.
[23] Kaptchouang Tchejip, C. (2016). La transhumance politique au Cameroun (1990-2014), Revue Africaine de la Démocratie et de la Gouvernance, 3(4-5), 17-40.
[24] Kame Boubda, P. (2018). La crise anglophone au Cameroun. L’Harmattan.
[25] Kamto, M. (1993). L’urgence de la pensée. Réflexions sur une précondition du développement en Afrique. Mandara.
[26] Kamto, M. (1993). Quelques réflexions sur la transition politique au Cameroun. In G. Conac (Eds), L’Afrique en transition vers le pluralisme politique, 209-236.
[27] Kamto, M. (1991). L’énoncé des droits dans les Constitutions des États francophones. Revue Juridique Africaine, 2, 7-24.
[28] Kamto, M. (1987). Pouvoir et droit en Afrique noire : essai sur les fondements du constitutionnalisme dans les États d’Afrique noire francophone. LGDJ.
[29] Kelsen, H. (1928). La garantie juridictionnelle de la Constitution. Revue du Public et de la Science Politique en France et à l’Étranger, 81-120. , 45,197-257.
[30] Konings, P. and Nyamnjoh, F. (1997). The anglophone problem in Cameroon. The journal of Modern African Studies, 35(2), 207-229.
[31] Nouveaux Droits de l’Homme. (2019).Les libertés publiques au Cameroun : des acquis hypothéqués ! Étude nationale sur l’état des libertés fondamentales au Cameroun, 84.
[32] Mahiou, A. (1969). L’avènement du parti unique en Afrique noire. L’expérience des États d’Afrique d’expression française. LGDJ.
[33] Makougoum, A. (2014). Ordre public et libertés publiques en droit public camerounais. Contribution à l’étude la construction de l’État de droit au Cameroun depuis 1990. Thèse de Doctorat/Ph.D en Droit public, Université de Yaoundé II-Soa.
[34] Mandeng, D. (2017). La procédure contentieuse en matière électorale : recherches sur le contentieux des élections au Cameroun. Thèse de Doctorat/Ph.D en Droit public, Université de Poitiers.
[35] Mbata Mangu, A. (2014). Monarchies présidentielles et révisions constitutionnelles : le syndrome du troisième mandat ou d’une présidence à vie dans les États-membres de l’Union africaine. Revue Africaine de la Démocratie et de la Gouvernance, 1(3). 47-66.
[36] Mbembe, A. (2020). Brutalisme. La découverte.
[37] Mbembe, A. (2010). Reformes économiques, contraintes externes et production du politique en Afrique noire. In M. Kamto (Eds.), L’Afrique dans un monde en mutation. Dynamiques internes ; marginalisation internationale ?. 115-141. Afrédit.
[38] Mbodj, F. (2012). Réflexion sur la dénaturation de la liberté de manifestation en droit africain. In M. Badji, O. Devaux et B. Gueye (Eds.), Conflictualité en Afrique francophone, Toulouse, 265-324. Presses de l’Université Toulouse 1 Capitole.
[39] Médard, J.F. (1991). Autoritarismes et démocraties en Afrique noire. Politique Africaine, 43, 92-104.
[40] Médard, J.F. (2010). « Crise africaine et démocratisation : les perspectives difficiles de la transition démocratique en Afrique. In M. Kamto (Eds.), L’Afrique dans un monde en mutation. Dynamiques internes ; marginalisation internationale ?, 143-163. Afrédit.
[41] Meledje Djedjro, F. (2010). Fraudes électorales et constitutionnalisme en Afrique. In Prévention des crises et promotion de la paix. Démocratie et élections dans l’espace francophone, Bruylant, 2, 785-815.
[42] Moukoko Mbondjo, P. (2013). Le retour au multipartisme au Cameroun. In G. Conac (Eds.) L’Afrique en transition vers le pluralisme politique, 237-250.
[43] Ngando Sandje, R. (2020). Le statut des régions anglophones du Cameroun : chronique d’une exigence de l’Assemblée générale des Nations unies. Civitas Europa, 44(1) ,181-205.
[44] Ngango Youmbi É.M. (2019). Le nouveau Conseil constitutionnel camerounais : la grande désillusion. Revue du Public et de la Science Politique en France et à l’Étranger, 5, 1377-1416.
[45] Nguele Abada, M. (2010). L’indépendance des juridictions constitutionnelles dans le constitutionnalisme des États francophones d’Afrique noire post guerre froide : l’exemple du Conseil constitutionnel camerounais. Palabres actuelles, 47-90.
[46] Nguele Abada, M. (1996). Ruptures et continuités constitutionnelles en République du Cameroun : réflexions à partir de la réforme constitutionnelle du 18 janvier 1996. Revue Juridique et Politique, 272-293.
[47] Njimeni Njiotang, C. (2018). Le discours de Paul Biya à l’ère du multipartisme au Cameroun : mises en scène argumentatives et relation au pouvoir. Thèse de doctorat en linguistique, Université Bordeaux Montaigne.
[48] Olinga, A.D. (2006). La Constitution de la République du Cameroun. Presses de l’UCAC.
[49] Olinga, A.D. (1996). L’aménagement des droits et libertés dans la Constitution camerounaise révisé. Revue Universelle des Droits de l’Homme, 8(4-7), 116-126.
[50] Onana, H. F. (1994). Les transitions démocratiques en Afrique : le cas du Cameroun. CEPER.
[51] Ovono Ondoua, U.X. (2019). Sous le bandeau de Thémis, les larmes. Panser et repenser la justice camerounaise. L’Harmattan.
[52] Owona, J. (1985). L’essor du constitutionnalisme rédhibitoire en Afrique noire : étude de quelques Constitutions janus. In L’État moderne, horizon 2000, aspects internes et externes, Mélanges offerts à Pierre François Gonidec, 235-243.
[53] Petrigh, C. (2019). Le conflit anglophone au Cameroun : un dialogue sans partenaires. IFRI, 40.
[54] Pigeaud, F. (2011). Au Cameroun de Paul Biya. Karthala.
[55] Quantin, P. (1998). Pour une analyse comparative des élections africaines. Politique africaine, 69, 12-29.
[56] Quantin, P. et Daloz, J.P. (1997). Transitions démocratiques africaines. Karthala.
[57] Riccardi, A. (2007). Vivre-ensemble. Desclée de Brouwer.
[58] Senou, J. I. (2019). Les figures de la séparation des pouvoirs en Afrique. Revue du Public et de la Science Politique en France et à l’Étranger, 1, 183.
[59] Sindjoun, L. (1997). Élections et politique au Cameroun : concurrence déloyale, coalitions et stabilité hégémonique et politique d’affection. Revue africaine de science politique, 2(1), 105.
[60] Tagne, J. B. (2019). Accordée avec fraude. De Ahidjo à Biya, comment sortir du cycle des élections contestées, Éditions du Schabel.
[61] Teme, A. (2015). La mise en place du Senat au Cameroun. L’Harmattan.
[62] Tametong, S. (2021). What is the Record of Political Leadership 30 Years After Democratic Transitions in Africa. On Policy Magazine, www.onpolicy.org/.
[63] Tametong, S. (2020). Liberté de manifestation et maintien de l’ordre public au Cameroun : l’usage des armes à feu est-il autorisé ?. Nkafu Policy Institute, 1-5.
[64] Tametong, S. and Tazoacha, F. (2020). Pour une résolution durable du conflit guerrier dans la zone anglophone du Cameroun. L’impératif d’un vrai dialogue inclusif. Nkafu Policy Institute, 1-5.
Dr. William Hermann Arrey & Dr. Steve Tametong Nguemo Tsidie, “The Democratization Process in Cameroon, Thirty (30) Years after Democratic Transition (1990-2020): Achievements, Challenges, Uncertainties and Prospects” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.76-82 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/76-82.pdf
Download PDF
Correlating the diversity awareness within the organizations of Bangladesh in the era of industry 4.0-Human resource perspective
Mohammed Kamruzzaman, Sunan Islam – September 2021 – Page No.: 83-97
Organizations strategically adopt various diversity and inclusion initiatives to encourage the diversity approach of a diverse workforce. Many social science authors and HRM scholars mostly focused on studying diversity models in societal/organizational outcomes. This paper aims to study the correlations of mainly four HR practices in Bangladeshi origin organizations, i.e., employee engagement, diversity training, diversity alignment, and mutual respect, with diversity awareness of diverse workforce working in the organizations. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey of a sample size of 218 employees (108 males, 110 females) from Bangladeshi origin organizations. The statistical tools, such as reliability tests, multiple correlations, multiple regressions, ANOVA, and hypotheses tests, were used for data analysis and interpretations. This research finding showed that employee engagement, diversity training, and diversity alignment is significant to diversity awareness except for mutual respect. The present study contributes to the HRM literature by proposing a conceptual framework of how these four independent variables react to diversity awareness. The study highlights the importance of diversity awareness by diverse employees as a competitive advantage to make multi-cultural firms in the era of industry 4.0.
Page(s): 83-97 Date of Publication: 25 September 2021
Mohammed Kamruzzaman
Assistant Professor, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
Sunan Islam
PhD Researcher, Putra Business School, Universiti Putra Malaysia
[1] Abidi, O., Zaim, H., Youssef, D., & Baran, A. (2017). Diversity management and its impact on HRM practices: evidence from Kuwaiti companies. Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics, 10(20), 71-88. DOI: 10.17015/ejbe.2017.020.05.
[2] Agrawal, S. (2016). Factors influencing employee engagement: A study of the diverse workforce. available at: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper (accessed 12 January 2020).
[3] Al-Obaydi, L.H. (2019). Cultural diversity, awareness and teaching: a study in an EFL context. Journal of Asia TEFL, 16(3), 987-995. doi:10.18823/asiatefl.2019.16.3.15.987.
[4] Alhejji, H., Garavan, T., Carbery, R., O’Brien, F., & McGuire, D. (2016). Diversity training programme outcomes: a systematic review. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 27(1), 95-149. doi: 10.1002/hrdq.21221.
[5] Athanasopoulou et al. (2018). Claiming the corner office: female CEO careers and implications for leadership development. Human Resource Management, 57(2), 617-640. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21887.
[6] Ayega, E. N., & Muathe, S. (2018). Critical review of literature on cultural diversity in the work place and organizational performance: a research agenda. Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(1), 9-17. doi: 10.11648/j.jhrm.20180601.12.
[7] Bader, A. K., Kemper, L. E., & Froese, F.J. (2019). Who promotes a value-in-diversity perspective? a fuzzy set analysis of executives’ individual and organizational characteristics. Human Resource Management, 58(2), 203-217. doi: 58. 10.1002/hrm.21946.
[8] Balanagalakshmi, B. & Kumari, S.S. (2019). Employees’ perception on diversity in management. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(1C2), 7-11, ISSN: 2277-3878.
[9] Baltes, B., Hernandez, D. & Collins, C. (2015). Increasing cultural awareness through a cultural awareness program. Journal of Educational Research and Practice, 5(1), 1-20. doi: 10.5590/JERAP.2015.05.1.01.
[10] Bartlett, K.R. (2001). The relationship between training and organizational commitment: a study in the health care field. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 12(4), 335-352.
[11] Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004). Are Emily and Greg more employable than Lakisha and Jamal? a field experiment on labor market discrimination. The American Economic Review, 94(4), 991-1013.
[12] Bezrukova, K., Jehn, K. & Spell, C. S. (2012). Reviewing diversity training: where we have been and where we should go. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 11(2), 207-227. doi: 10.5465/amle.2008.0090.
[13] Birkelund, G. E., Johannessen, L. E. F., Rasmussen, E. B., & Rogstad, J. (2020). Experience, stereotypes and discrimination – employers’ reflections on their hiring behavior. European Societies. doi: 10.1080/14616696.2020.1775273.
[14] Buckingham, M. & Coffman, C. (1999). First, break all the rules: What the world’s greatest managers do differently. New York, NY.: Simon & Schuster.
[15] Caiani, T.S.P. (2015). Examination of employee alignment as a predictor of work engagement. Master’s Theses, 4554, available at: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.ydep-ks65 (accessed 23rd March 2020).
[16] Cappelli, P. (1999). The new deal at work: managing the market-driven workforce. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
[17] Cavaleros, C., Vuuren, L.J.V. & Visser, D. (2002). The effectiveness of a diversity awareness training programme. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 28(3), 50-61. doi: 10.4102/sajip. v28i3.6.
[18] Chandani, A., Mehta, M., Mall, A. & Khokhar, V. (2016). Employee engagement: A review paper on factors affecting employee engagement. Bangladesh Journal of Science and Technology, 9 (15), 1-7. doi: 10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i1S5/92145.
[19] Chattopadhyay, P., George, E., & Shulman, A. D. (2008). The asymmetrical influence of sex dissimilarity in distributive vs. collocated work groups. Organization Science, 19(4), 581-593.
[20] Chomeya, R. (2010). Quality of psychology test between Likert scale 5 and 6 points. Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3), 399-403.
[21] Chuang, S. F. (2013). Essential skills for leadership effectiveness in diverse workplace development. Online Journal for Workforce Education and Development, 6(1). available at: https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ojwed/vol6/iss1/5/.
[22] Cooke, F.L. & Saini, D.S. (2010). Diversity management in Bangladesh: A study of organizations in different ownership forms and industrial sectors. Human Resource Management, 49(3), 477-500.
[23] Dickert, N.W. & Kass, N.E. (2009). Understanding respect: learning from patients. Journal of Medical Ethics, 35(7), 419-423. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/jme.2008.027235.
[24] Downey, S. N., Werff, L.V.D, Thomas, K.M. & Plaut, V.C. (2015). The role of diversity practices and inclusion in promoting trust and employee engagement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 45(1), 35-44.
[25] Duchek, S., Raetze, S. & Scheuch, I. (2019). The role of diversity in organizational resilience: A theoretical framework. Business Research. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0084-8.
[26] Enga, E. (2017). The impact of training and development on organizational performance. National Financial Bank Kumba Case Study, Centria University of Applied Sciences Publishing. available at: https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/133220/Engetou%20Enga.pdf? (accessed 20 February 2020).
[27] Ferguson, E. D. & Page, L. J. (Eds.) (2003). Work relationships, lifestyle, and mutual respect. The Journal of Individual Psychology, 59(4), 501-506.
[28] Findler L., Wind, L. H., & Barak, M. E. M. (2007). The challenge of workforce management in a global society: modeling the relationship between diversity, inclusion, organizational culture, and employee well-being, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Administration in Social Work, 31(3), 63-94.
[29] Friedman, H. H., Leverton, C., & Friedman, L. W. (2015). To foster creativity and success, remove intentional and unintentional discrimination. SSRN Electronic Journal. available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2649712 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2649712 (accessed 12 March 2020).
[30] Goldberg, C. B. (2005). Relational demography and similarity-attraction in interview assessments and subsequent offer decisions: are we missing something? Group & Organization Management, 30(6), 597-624.
[31] Gruman, J. A. & Saks, A.M. (2011). Performance management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 21(2), 123-136. doi: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.09.004.
[32] Guillaume, Y. R. F., Brodbeck, F. C., & Riketta, M. (2012). Surface and deep level dissimilarity effects on social integration and individual effectiveness related outcomes in work groups: a meta-analytic integration. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 85, 80-115. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8325.2010.02005.x.
[33] Hansson, M. & Wigblad, R. (2006). Recontextualizing the Hawthorne effect. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 22 (2), 120-137. doi: 10.1016/j.scaman.2005.12.003.
[34] Harrison, D. A., Price, K. H., & Bell, M. P. (1998). Beyond relational demography: time and the effects of surface- and deep-level diversity on work group cohesion. Academy of Management Journal, 41(1), 96-107.
[35] Horwitz, S.K., & Horwitz, I.B. (2007). The effects of team diversity on team outcomes: a meta analytic review of team demography. Journal of Management, 33(6), 987-1015.
[36] Howard, A. (Ed.). (1995). The changing nature of work. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
[37] Ilgen, D. R., & Pulakos, E. D. (Eds.). (1999). The changing nature of performance: implications for staffing, motivation, and development. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
[38] Imandin, L., Bisschoff, C. & Botha, C. (2014). A model to measure employee engagement. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 12(4), 520-532.
[39] Itam, U. & Bagali, M.M. (2018). Diversity and inclusion management: a focus on employee engagement. In Diversity and Inclusion Management (chap. 93, pp. 1771-1788). doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6912-1.ch093.
[40] James, J. B., Mckechnie, S., & Swanberg, J. (2010). Predicting employee engagement in an age-diverse retail workforce. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 32(2), 173-196. doi: 10.1002/job.681.
[41] Jawale, K.V. (2016). Issues and challenges of LGBT minority people in Bangladesh. International Journal of Applied Research, 2(6), 408-410.
[42] Jehanzeb, K., & Bashir, N.A. (2013). Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: a conceptual Study. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(2), 243-252.
[43] Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. (2015). Likert scale: explored and explained. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396-403. doi: 10.9734/BJAST/2015/14975.
[44] Kaufman, J. C., Baer, J. Agars, M. D., & Loomis, D. (2010). Creativity stereotypes and the consensual assessment technique. Creativity Research Journal, 22(2), 200-205.
[45] Khan, R.A.G., Khan, F.A., & Khan, M.F. (2011). Impact of training and development on organizational performance. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 11(7), 62-67.
[46] Korte, R. F. (2007). A review of social identity theory with implications for training and development. Journal of European Industrial Training, 31(3), 166-180.
[47] Kundu, S.C. (2003). Workforce diversity status: A study of employees’ reactions. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 103(4), 215-226. doi: 10.1108/02635570310470610.
[48] Kundu, S.C. (2004). H.R. diversity: A study of employees’ perceptions in Bangladeshi organizations. Asia Pacific Management Review, 9(1), 39-59.
[49] Kundu, S.C., Bansal, J., Mor, A., & Pruthi, M. (2018). Workforce diversity status in Bangladeshi public sector: A study of employees’ reactions. Journal of Organization & Human Behaviour, 7(2 & 3), 34-46.
[50] Kutch, B.D.M., & Kutch, J.S.M. (2019). Innovation through diversity and inclusion: In A Roadmap for Higher Education Information Technology leaders (pp. 49-78). doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7769-0.ch003.
[51] Lee, P.M., & James, E.H. (2007). She’‐e‐os: gender effects and investor reactions to the announcements of top executive appointments. Strategic Management Journal, 28(3), 227-241.
[52] Macey, W. H. & Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007. 0002.x.
[53] Mazur, B. (2014). Building diverse and inclusive organizational culture-best practices: a case study of Cisco Co. Journal of Intercultural Management, 6(4), 169-179. doi: 10.2478/joim-2014-0043.
[54] Meena, K. (2015). Diversity dimensions of Bangladesh and their organization challenges: an analysis. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 17(7), 77-90.
[55] Miller, C. C., Burke, L. M., & Glick, W. H. (1998). Cognitive diversity among upper-echelon executives: implications for strategic decision processes. Strategic Management Journal, 19(1), 39-58.
[56] Nair, N. & Vohra, N. (2015). Diversity and inclusion at the workplace: a review of research and perspectives. I.I.M.A. Working Paper No. WP2015-03-34, Bangladeshi Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department. available at: https://web.iima.ac.in/assets/snippets/workingpaperpdf/8631467072015-03-34.pdf (accessed 25 February 2020).
[57] Nda, M.M. & Fard, R.Y. (2013). The impact of employee training and development on employee productivity. Global Journal of Commerce & Management Perspective, 2(6), 91-93. ISSN: 2319-7285.
[58] O’Grady, E. (2017). Learning to be more human: perspectives of respect by young Irish people in prison. Journal of Prison Education and Re-entry, 4(1), 4-16. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/jper.v4i1.1010.
[59] Ogbolu, Y., Scrandis, D., & Fitzpatrick, G. (2017). Barriers and facilitators of care for diverse patients: nurse leader perspectives and nurse manager implications. Journal of Nursing Management, 26(1), 3-10. doi: 10.1111/jonm.12498.
[60] Okoro, E. (2012). Cross-cultural etiquette and communication in global business: toward a strategic framework for managing corporate expansion. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(16), 130 -138. doi:10.5539/ijbm.v7n16p130.
[61] Osborne, S., & Hammoud, M. S. (2017). Effective employee engagement in the workplace. International Journal of Applied Management and Technology, 16(1), 50-67. doi:10.5590/IJAMT.2017.16.1.04.
[62] Patrick, H.A., & Kumar, V.R. (2012). Managing workplace diversity: Issues and challenges. SAGE Open, 2(2), 1-15. doi: 10.1177/2158244012444615.
[63] Praveenadevi, D., & Girimurugan, B. (2019). Inclusive organizational culture – A competing strategy for business success. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(4), 5155-5159. doi: 10.35940/ijrte. D7371.118419.
[64] Pendry, L. F., Driscoll, D. M., & Field, S. C. T. (2007). Diversity training: Putting theory into practice. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80(1), 27-50.
[65] Rahman, U.H.F.B. (2019). Diversity management and the role of leader. Open Economics, 2(1), 30-39. doi: 10.1515/openec-2019-0003.
[66] Reich, T., & Hershcovis, S. (2011). Interpersonal relationships at work. In book: Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (Vol. 3, pp.223-248), Publisher: American Psychological Association, Editors: S. Zedeck, H. Aguinis, W. Cascio, M. Gelfand, K. Leung, S. Parker, J. Zhou. doi: 10.1037/12171-006.
[67] Roberson, L., Kulik, C. T. & Pepper, M. B. (2001). Designing effective diversity training: influence of group composition and trainee experience. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 22(8), 871-885. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.117.
[68] Rodriguez, M.T. & Lamm, A.J. (2016). Identifying student cultural awareness and perceptions of different cultures. Journal of Agricultural Education, 57(2), 106-118. doi: 10.5032/jae.2016.021061.
[69] Rogelberg, S. G. (Ed.). (2009). CEOs and human resource executives can develop talented women (1st ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.
[70] Rooth, D.O. (2010). Automatic associations and discrimination in hiring: real world evidence. Labour Economics, 17(3), 523-534.
[71] Ross, D.G. & Parks, M. (2018). Mutual respect in an ethic of care: A collaborative essay on power, trust, and stereotyping. Teaching Ethics, 18(1), 1-15. doi: 10.5840/tej2018112156.
[72] Saks, A.M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 600-619. doi: 10.1108/02683940610690169.
[73] Salah, M.R.A. (2016). The impact of training and development on employees’ performance and productivity. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 5(7), 36-70. ISSN:2226-8235.
[74] Sarangi, P. & Nayak, B. (2016). Employee engagement and its impact on organizational success – a study in manufacturing company, Bangladesh. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 18(4), 52-57. doi: 10.9790/487X-1804015257.
[75] Sarhan, A. A., Ntim, C. G., & Al-Najjar, B. (2018). Board diversity, corporate governance, corporate performance and executive pay. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 24(2), 761-786. doi: 10.1002/ijfe.1690.
[76] Schneider, B., White, S. S., & Paul, M. C. (1998). Linking service climate and customer perceptions of service quality: test of a causal model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(2), 150-163. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.83.2.150.
[77] Serin, H. (2017). Teaching about respect and tolerance with presentations on cultural values. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 3(4), 174-176. doi: 10.23918/ijsses. v3i4p174.
[78] Shaban, A. (2016). Managing and leading a diverse workforce: One of the main challenges in management. Procedia – Social and Behavioural Sciences, 230, 76-84. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.09.010.
[79] Sharma, A. (2016). Managing diversity and equality in the workplace. Cogent Business & Management, 3(1), 1-14, doi: 10.1080/23311975.2016.1212682.
[80] Shore, L.M., Randel, A.E., Chung, B.G. & Dean, M.A. (2011). Inclusion and diversity in work groups: a review and model for future research. Journal of Management, 37(4), 2-58. doi: 10.1177/0149206310385943.
[81] Siddhanta, A. & Roy, D. (2010). Employee engagement – engaging the 21st century workforce. Asian Journal of Management Research, 170-189. available at: http://www.ipublishing.co.in/ajmrvol1no1/sped12011/AJMRSP1015.pdf (accessed 30 March 2020).
[82] Smith et al. (2001). An overview of diversity awareness. Ohio State University Extension. available at: http:// www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~ohiolline/bc-fact/0014.html (accessed 20 January 2020).
[83] Smilansky, J. (Ed.). (2012). Talent management and diversity. In Developing Executive Talent: Best Practices from Global Leaders (chap. 12, pp. 203-215). doi:10.1002/9781119202370.ch12.
[84] Spagnoletti, C. L., & Arnold, R. M. (2007). R-E-S-P-E-C-T: Even more difficult to teach than to define. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 22(5), 707–709. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-007-0164-x.
[85] Sun, L., & Bunchapattanasakda, C. (2019). Employee engagement: a literature review. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 9(1), 63-80. doi: 10.5296/ijhrs. v9i1.14167.
[86] Swartz, T.H., Palermo, A.G.S., Masur, S.K., & Aberg, J.A. (2019). The science and value of diversity: closing the gaps in our understanding of inclusion and diversity. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 220(S2), S33-41. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz174.
[87] Tahir, N., Yousafzai, I.K., Jan, S., & Hashim, M. (2014). The impact of training and development on employees’ performance and productivity: A case study of United Bank Limited Peshawar City, KPK, Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(4), 86-98. doi: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v4-i4/756.
[88] Tamunomiebi, M. D., & Dienye, M. (2019). Workforce diversity: the need for organizational paradigm shift. International Journal of Education and Management Engineering, 5(12), 1-13.
[89] Tan, T.Q. (2019). Principles of inclusion, diversity, access, and equity. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 220(S2), S30–S32. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz198.
[90] Tienda, M. (2013). Diversity inclusion: promoting integration in higher education. Educational Researcher, 42(9), 467-475. doi: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X13516164.
[91] Thakur, P. (2014). A research paper on the effect of employee engagement on job satisfaction in IT sector. Journal of Business Management & Social Sciences Research, 3(5), 31-39. ISSN No: 2319-5614.
[92] Truitt, D.L. (2011). The effect of training and development on employee attitude as it relates to training and work proficiency. SAGE Open, 1(3), 1-13. doi: 10.1177/2158244011433338.
[93] Tsui, A. S., & Gutek, B. (1999). Demographic differences in organizations: current research and future directions. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
[94] Ulrich, D.A. (1998). A new mandate for human resources. Harvard Business Review, 76(1), 124-134.
[95] van de Vijver, F.J.R. (2007). Cultural and gender differences in gender-role beliefs, sharing household task and child-care responsibilities, and well-being among immigrants and majority members in the Netherlands. Sex Roles, 57, 813-824. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9316-z.
[96] Woods, S. (2002). Creating inclusive organizations: aligning systems with diversity. Profiles in Diversity Journal, 4(1), 38-39.
[97] Worthington, R.P., & Gogne, A. (2011). Cultural aspects of primary healthcare in Bangladesh: A case- based analysis. Asia Pacific Family Medicine, 10(8), 2-5. doi: http://www.apfmj.com/content/10/1/8.
[98] Yap, M., Holmes, M., Hannan, C.A., & Cukier, W. (2010). The relationship between diversity training, organizational commitment, and career satisfaction. Journal of European Industrial Training, 34(6), 519-538. doi: 10.1108/03090591011061202.
[99] Zhu, D.H., & Shen, W. (2016). Why do some outside successions fare better than others? The role of outside CEOs ‘ prior experience with board diversity. Strategic Management Journal, 37(13), 2695-2708.
Mohammed Kamruzzaman, Sunan Islam , “Correlating the diversity awareness within the organizations of Bangladesh in the era of industry 4.0-Human resource perspective” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.83-97 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5910
Download PDF
Online Social Presence in E-Learning-Based Librarianship Education and Training Using CMC Tools
Dora Melisa, Pawito, Yulius Slamet – September 2021 – Page No.: 98-102
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in the way people live in almost all parts of the world. Among the changes that occur are the patterns of communication and interaction that are currently mostly done online. The National Library of the Republic of Indonesia also implements a policy of communicating and interacting online in the implementation of various activities, one of which is education and training. Since October 2020, the Education and Training Center of the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia has held online e-learning-based librarianship training. The implementation of e-learning-based education and training uses asynchronous and synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication systems to support the learning process. The use of CMC in online learning provides a new communication experience for education and training participants. Changes in communication patterns from face-to-face to computer-mediated also affect the interaction of training participants. This study aims to determine how the fabric of communication and interaction occurs through Computer-Mediated Communication in creating an online social presence. The method used in this research is a case study with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and collecting other supporting documents. The results showed that online communication and interaction in e-learning-based librarianship education and training was quite well established. Although it may feel strange at first, over time the training participants can adjust to online communication and interaction patterns. Participants are more comfortable communicating and interacting using a text-based CMC system than face-to-face virtually.
Page(s): 98-102 Date of Publication: 27 September 2021
Dora Melisa
Communication Management, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia
Pawito
Communication Management, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia
Yulius Slamet
Communication Management, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia
K. K. R. Indonesia, “Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pedoman Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19),” 2020. http://hukor.kemkes.go.id/uploads/produk_hukum/PMK_No__9_Th_2020_ttg_Pedoman_Pembatasan_Sosial_Berskala_Besar_Dalam_Penanganan_COVID-19.pdf.
[2] Dirto, “Diklat Kepustakawanan Berbasis E-Learning Tahun 2020,” 2020. https://pusdiklat.perpusnas.go.id/berita/read/21/diklat-kepustakawanan-berbasis-e-learning-tahun-2020.
[3] P. N. R. Indonesia, “Peraturan Kepala Perpustakaan Nasional Nomor 3 Tahun 2019 Tentang Tata Cara Pengangkatan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dalam Jabatan Fungsional Pustakawan Melalui Penyesuaian Inpassing,” 2019. https://jdih.perpusnas.go.id/detail/166.
[4] D. N. Fitriani, “Pembukaan Diklat Teknis Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Inpassing Berbasis E-Learning Angkatan III, IV dan V Tahun 2020,” 2020. https://pusdiklat.perpusnas.go.id/berita/read/22/pembukaan-diklat-teknis-pengelolaan-perpustakaan-inpassing-berbasis-e-learning-angkatan-iii-iv-dan-v-tahun-2020.
[5] D. Ariwibowo, “Pembukaan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Teknis Pengelolaan Perpustakaan Inpassing Berbasis E-Learning Angkatan VI dan VII Tahun 2020,” 2020. https://pusdiklat.perpusnas.go.id/berita/read/30/pembukaan-pendidikan-dan-pelatihan-teknis-pengelolaan-perpustakaan-inpassing-berbasis-e-learning-angkatan-vi-dan-vii-tahun-2020.
[6] Munir, Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). 2009.
[7] J. Anderson, “IT , e-learning and teacher development,” Int. Educ. J., vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1–14, 2005.
[8] S. Dhawan, “Online Learning: A Panacea in the Time of COVID-19 Crisis,” J. Educ. Technol. Syst., pp. 1–18, 2020, doi: 10.1177/0047239520934018.
[9] M. Bakardjieva, “Computer‐Mediated Communication,” Int. Encycl. Commun. Theory Philos., pp. 1–20, 2016, doi: 10.1002/9781118766804.wbiect124.
[10] J. December, “Notes on Defining of Computer-Mediated Communication,” 1997. https://www.december.com/cmc/mag/1997/jan/december.html%0A%0A.
[11] J. B. Walther, “Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Interaction,” Communic. Res., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 52–90, 1992, doi: 10.1177/009365092019001003.
[12] D. E. Murray, “of Computer-Mediated Communication,” vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 397–421, 2000.
[13] J. Repman, C. Zinskie, and R. D. Carlson, “Effective Use of CMC Tools in Interactive Online Learning,” Comput. Sch., vol. 22, no. 1–2, pp. 57–69, 2005, doi: 10.1300/j025v22n01_06.
[14] A. Romiszowski and R. Mason, “Computer-Mediated Communication,” in Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology, 2nd ed., D. Jonassen and M. Driscoll, Eds. New York: Routledge, 2004, pp. 397–432.
[15] Z. I. Abrams, “The Effect of Synchronous and Asynchronous CMC on Oral Performance in German,” Mod. Lang. J., vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 157–167, 2003, doi: 10.1111/1540-4781.00184.
[16] Zoom, “Zoom for You,” 2021. https://zoom.us/.
[17] Moodle, “Moodle LMS,” 2021. https://moodle.com/lms/.
[18] P. P. N. R. Indonesia, “Eldika e-Learning Diklat Kepustakawanan,” 2020. https://eldika.perpusnas.go.id/.
[19] WhatsApp, “Tentang WhatsApp,” 2021. https://www.whatsapp.com/about/?lang=id.
[20] C. H. Tu and M. McIsaac, “The Relationship of Social Presence and Interaction in Online Classes,” Am. J. Distance Educ., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 131–150, 2002, doi: 10.1207/S15389286AJDE1603_2.
[21] Z. Akyol, D. R. Garrison, and M. Y. Ozden, “Development of a community of inquiry in online and blended learning contexts,” Procedia – Soc. Behav. Sci., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1834–1838, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.324.
[22] D. Mykota, “The Effective Affect: A Scoping Review of Social Presence.,” Int. J. E-Learning Distance Educ. / Rev. Int. du e-learning la Form. à distance, vol. 33, no. 2, 2018.
[23] C. J. Yen and C. H. Tu, “A multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis of the scores for online social presence: Do they measure the same thing across cultural groups?,” J. Educ. Comput. Res., vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 219–242, 2011, doi: 10.2190/EC.44.2.e.
[24] J. W. Creswell, Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, Fourth. United States of America: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2014.
[25] Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Ke-3. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2020.
[26] Pawito, Penelitian Komunikasi Kualitatif, 1st ed. Yogyakarta: LKiS Pelangi Aksara, 2007.
[27] G. Mayende, A. Prinz, and G. M. N. Isabwe, “Improving communication in online learning systems,” CSEDU 2017 – Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Comput. Support. Educ., vol. 1, pp. 300–307, 2017, doi: 10.5220/0006311103000307.
[28] H. Khalil and M. Ebner, “Using Electronic Communication Tools in Online Group Activities to Develop Collaborative Learning Skills,” Univers. J. Educ. Res., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 529–536, 2017, doi: 10.13189/ujer.2017.050401.
[29] J.-M. Lee, “Different types of human interaction in online discussion: An examination of using online discussion forum,” Proc. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol., vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2007, doi: 10.1002/meet.14504301232.
[30] S. Rahman, R. M. Yasin, S. F. M. Yassin, and N. M. Nordin, “Examining psychological aspects in online discussion,” Procedia – Soc. Behav. Sci., vol. 15, pp. 3168–3172, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.266.
[31] D. Mykota, “The impact of learner characteristics on the multi-dimensional construct of social presence,” Turkish Online J. Educ. Technol., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 137–144, 2017.
[32] J. B. Walther, “Computer-Mediated Communication,” Communic. Res., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 3–43, 1996, doi: 10.1177/009365096023001001.
Dora Melisa, Pawito, Yulius Slamet, “Online Social Presence in E-Learning-Based Librarianship Education and Training Using CMC Tools” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.98-102 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/98-102.pdf
Download PDF
The European Union: An Analysis of Its Organs, Successes and Failures
Eyo, Idorenyin Akabom Ph.D, Akpan, Enobong Bassey LLM – September 2021 – Page No.: 103-114
The idea of a formalized system of European cooperation had been around for centuries. Since the fall of the Roman Empire in A.D. 476, leaders have dreamed of unifying Europe. Conquerors like Charlemagne, Napoleon, and Hitler tried and failed. The European integration process was initiated in the 1950’s largely as a consequence of negative experiences of the founding Member States during and in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War. Maintaining peace was a primary objective at the time. It was a long-term goal of States committed to European integration which was made clear by the 1950s when the six original members of the European Economic Community (EEC) expressed their determination in the first recital of the preamble to the Treaty of Rome, ‘to lay the foundations of an even closer union among the peoples.’ This was reaffirmed in 1972 when members expressed their intention to covert ‘their entire relationship into a European Union before the end of the decade.’
Page(s): 103-114 Date of Publication: 27 September 2021
Eyo, Idorenyin Akabom Ph.D
Lecturer, Faculty of Law, University of Uyo, Nigeria
Akpan, Enobong Bassey LLM
Faculty of Law, University of Uyo, Nigeria
References are not available
Eyo, Idorenyin Akabom Ph.D, Akpan, Enobong Bassey LLM , “The European Union: An Analysis of Its Organs, Successes and Failures” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.103-114 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/103-114.pdf
Download PDF
Effects of utilization of e-learning on academic staff performance among selected tertiary institutions in Benue State, Nigeria
Uta-Ater, M.T, Nwigwe C.N. and Onwe S.O. – September 2021 – Page No.: 115-121
This study was conducted in three Universities to determine the effects of e-learning status on academic staff performance amongst selected tertiary institutions in Benue State. These were purposively restricted to degree awarding institutions in the State to achieve uniformity in subjects responses. Total number of respondents’ selected using random selection were 263. The population of this study embraced the entire 692, 420 and 205 teaching Staff of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State University and University of Mkar respectively from the rank of Assistant lecturer to that of professor. Data for the study were collected from primary sources through the aid of a structured questionnaire. Using multi stage sampling technique; a proportion of 20% from each University was selected giving 138, 84 and 41 academic staff for Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State University and University of Mkar respectively to give a total sample of 263 respondents. The study found that, though the utilization of e-learning enhances academic staff performance it’s very much depends on the staff computer literacy, competence, self-interest and available logistics’ in the institutions. The study’s findings imply that e-learning as a strategy for enhancing academic performance needs to be given attention in infrastructures, logistics, improvement in funding and capacity building of staff from its present low status through policies.
Page(s): 115-121 Date of Publication: 27 September 2021
Uta-Ater, M.T
Department of Public Administration, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Nwigwe C.N.
Department of Public Administration, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Onwe S.O.
Department of Public Administration, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
[1] Amedu, S. O. (2014). Assessment of the Use of E-learning Facilities by Home Economics Teachers in Delta State, Nigeria.Journal of Education and Practice. 5(16), 207-212.
[2] Calvert, B. (1986). ‘Facilitating transfer of distance courses’. A paper presented at the 8th WorldConference of International Council of Distance Education, Melbourne, Australia.
[3] Coldeway, D.O. (1982). Learner characteristics. I. Mugridge and D. Kaufman (Eds). Distance education in Canada. Pp.81-93. London: CroomHeilm.
[4] Karaali, D., Gumussoy, C.A., and Calisir, F. (2011). Factors affecting the intention to use a webbbased learning system among blue-collar workers in the automobile industry. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 343-354.
[5] Khan, B. (2005). Managing E-learning Strategies: Design, Delivery and Implementation.
[6] Kozma, R.B. (2005). National policies that connect ICT-based education reform to economic and social development. Human Technology, 1(2), 117-156.
[7] Kumar, A.(2001). An investigation into the India open University distance learners’ academic self-concept, study habits and attitude toward distance education: A case study at the IndraGhandi national open University India.
[8] Webb, E., Jones, A., Barker, P., and Schailk, P. (2004). Using e-learning dialoques in higher education. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 41(1), 93-103.
[9] Wild, R.H., Griggs, K.A. and Downing, T, (2002). “A framework for e-learning as a tool for knowledge management”, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 102 (7), 371-380
Uta-Ater, M.T, Nwigwe C.N. and Onwe S.O., “Effects of utilization of e-learning on academic staff performance among selected tertiary institutions in Benue State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.115-121 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/115-121.pdf
Download PDF
Sustainable Leadership Practices through students-community engagement for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in East Coast Malaysia
Hadijah Ahmad – September 2021 – Page No.: 122-128
The environmental issues has become the growing concern since it is highlighted massively in the Malaysia SDG Voluntary National Review 2017 and Malaysia is ambitious in taking the commitment. The aims of SDG is to tackle the critical issue of pollution, food waste, climate change, illegal trade in wildlife as well as sustainable production and consumption. There are a lot of environmental drives for comprehensive implementation in SDG however, the groundbreaking data tells the strategies formulated by UNESCO in integrating the sustainable education framework to raising the awareness and tapped the sense of responsibility in combating environmental issues and climate change is not enough to spur people sensitivity to take action The late start of SDG integration in the curriculum has a disastrous implication when society does not have the right perspectives in the form of enlightenment of what SDG might hold in the future. To further sheds the light on the real matters is, Malaysian and the attitude of littering is a never ending stories. Lack of sustainable Development Goals (SDG) into curricula and educational programs has been said in the UN. Mohammed in 2018 asserted education as a crucial component to gear the SDG. In addressing the serious impact of pollution and climate change, Malaysian are urged to inculcate the environmental knowledge in students through the environmental education in a more hands-on delivery. Thus, the prime objective formulated is shed light into level of awareness, perception and challenges of sustainable leadership practices through students-community engagement via applied mechanism in shaping future leaders by increasing the number of environmental activist for sustainability practices towards SDG initiatives. This study has been conducted in east coast Malaysia involving 275 students along with 115 participant (community) as the engagement from the society. The study conducted are using survey and semi-structured interview and compliment the need of investigation on awareness, perception and challenges of sustainable leadership practices through SDG action.
Page(s): 122-128 Date of Publication: 27 September 2021
Department of Social Science, Centre for Human Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,
Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
[1] Aminrad, Z., Zakariya, S. Z. S., Hadi, A. S., Sakari, M., (2012). Environmental Education in Malaysia, Progresses and Challenges Ahead (Review). Life Science Journal. Vol. 9 (2). Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/3447950/Environmental_Education_in_Malaysia_Pro gresses_and_Challenges_Ahead
[2] Aziz, N. A. A., Lukhman, A. A, Chubo, J.K., and Daud D. S. R. A., (2019). Public Perception to Littering in Greenspaces: A Case Study in Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, no. 1358 (2019) 012031 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1358/1/012031. Retrieved from https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1358/1/012031/pdf
[3] Brokaj, R., (2014). Local government`s role in the sustainable tourism development of a destination. European Scientific Journal November 2014 edition vol.10, No.31 ISSN: 1857 – 7881. Retrieved from https:// destination+management+funtions%3B+local+authority&gs_l=psy-ab.3…17067.22469..22807…0.2..0.120.1479.13j4……0….1..gws- wiz…….0i71j0i22i30j0i8i13i30j33i22i10i29i30j33i10i160.FxJMPRRTufU&ved=0ah UKEwi5xODKiY_mAhUkheYKHSQTDEwQ4dUDCAs&uact=5
[4] Conaghan, A., Harahan, J., McLaouglin, E., (2015). The Sustainable Management of a Tourism Destination in Ireland: A Focus on County Clare. Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research (AHTR), Vol. 3 (1), p.p 62-87. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289538374_The_Sustainable_Management_of_a_Tourism_Destination_in_Ireland_A_Focus_on_County_Clare
[5] Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
[6] Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry& Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches.
[7] Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Method Approaches.
[8] Dalziel D., Hewitt E., Evans, L., (2007) Motivations and barriers to citizen. Governance communities Local Government London.
[9] Department of Statistic Malaysia (2018). Compendium of Environment Statistics 2018. Retrieved from https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=162&bul_id=U3p3RVY0aGtGS08yTDY2cEpraDFlUT09&menu_id=NWVEZGhEVlNMeitaMH NzK2htRU05dz09
[10] Ferdig, M. A., (2007). Sustainability Leadership: Co-creating a Sustainable Future, Journal of Change Management, 7:1, 25-35, DOI: 10.1080/14697010701233809
[11] Fraser H., (2005). Four different approaches to community participation Community Development Journal
[12] Given, L. M. (2008). The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412963909
[13] Gruber, A. M., (2017). Community engagement in higher education. Vol 78, No 10 (2017). Retrieved from https://crln.acrl.org/index.php/crlnews/article/view/16809/18387
[14] Herath, G., (2017). Sustainable Development and the Environment: Issues for the Asian Region. Advances in Environmental Studies. Volume 1, Issue 1. Retrieved from https://scholars.direct/Articles/environmental-studies/aes-1- 004.php?jid=environmental-studies
[15] IEEP (Institute for European and Environmental Policy), (2011). The cohesion policy and sustainable development: supporting paper 5. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/sustainable_d evelopment/sd_supporting_paper_5.pdf
[16] Hargreaves, A. (2007). Sustainable Leadership and Development in Education: creating the future, conserving the past. European Journal of Education,Vol. 42, No. 2, 2007.
[17] Hargreaves, A., Fink, D., (2006). Sustainable leadership. Journal of Educational Change. March 2006, Volume 7, Issue 1–2, pp 105–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-006-0022-3
[18] McNiff, J., (2017). Action research: all you need to know. SAGE Publication Ltd.
[19] Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
[20] Ministry of Education (MOE), (2020). Retrieved from https://www.moe.gov.my/en/statistik-menu/senarai-sekolah-mengikut-kumpulan-jenis-dan-negeri and http://www.data.gov.my/data/ms_MY/dataset/senarai-sekolah-rendah-dan-menengah-di-negeri-pahang
[21] Mohammed, A. J., (2018). UNChronicle Vol. LV No. 2 2018
[22] New Strait Times (NST). (2018). Written by Ashley Greig. Enough is enough: stop the killer litter. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/opinion/columnists/2018/05/373743/enough-enough- stop-killer-litter
[23] Noor Azlin, Y., Chong, C.M., & Azyyati, A.K. (2006). The implementation of environmental education in Malaysian schools : an NGO’s overview”. In Noor Azlin, Y., Philip, E, & Ong. T. Proceedings of the Conference on Best of Both Worlds: Environmental Education for Sustainable Development. (pp. 79-84). Kepong: Forest Research Institute Malaysia.
[24] Omisore, A. G., Babarinda, G. M., Bakare, D. P., & Olanrimoye E. O. A., (2017). Awareness and Knowledge of the Sustainable Development Goals in a University Community in Southwestern Nigeria. Ethiopian Journal of Health Science, Nov; 27(6): 669–676. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v27i6.12. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5811946/
[25] Rangeti, I., & Dzwairo, B., (2021). Guide for organizing a community clean up campaign. Strategies of sustainable solid waste management. IntechOpen Ltd. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.94515. Retrieved from https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/73972
[26] Rasoolimanesh, S.M., Jaafar, M., (2016). Community Participation toward Tourism Development and Conservation Program in Rural World Heritage Site. IntechOpen. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/62293. Retrieved from https://www.intechopen.com/books/tourism-from-empirical-research-towards-practical-application/community-participation-toward-tourism-development-and-conservation-program-in-rural-world-heritage-
[27] Rodzi, R. M., Mohd Nopiah, Z., & Ahmad Basri, N. E. (2019). Environmental awareness and attitudes towards solid waste management among TVET students in Malaysia. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(7), 387-392. Retrieved from https://ukm.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/environmental-awareness-and- attitudes-towards-solid-waste-management
[28] Saldana, J. (2009). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications
[29] Samsudin, M. D. M., & Don, M. M. (2013). Municipal solid waste management in Malaysia: Current practices, challenges and prospect. Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and Engineering), 62(1), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v62.1293
[30] Somekh, B., (2006). Action Research: a Methodology for Change and Development. Open University Press, McGraww Hill.
[31] Timer, D. (2007). Becoming a Sustainability Leader IISD’s role in shaping the next generation of sustainable development leadership. International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)
[32] The Commonwealth (2017). Curriculum Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved from https://www.thecommonwealth-educationhub.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/CFSDG_UPDF-003.pdf
[33] UN Sustainable Development Goals. (2016). Sustainable development goals: 17 goals to transform our world. Retrieved March 11, 2017, from http://www.un.org/ sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
[34] UNESCO (2015). Rethinking education towards global common good?. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
[35] UNESCO (1996). Delors Report: Learning the treasure within. Delors Comission, retrieved from https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000109590
[36] Vladimirova, K., & Le Blanc, D., (2015). How well are the links between education and other sustainable development goals covered in UN flagship reports? A contribution to the study of the science-policy interface on education in the UN system. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) working paper no. 146. Retrieved from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/2111education%20and%20sdgs.pdf
[37] Yin, R. K. (2011). Qualitative research from start to finish. New York: Guilford
Hadijah Ahmad “Sustainable Leadership Practices through students-community engagement for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in East Coast Malaysia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.122-128 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5914
Download PDF
Decline of the Potency of Igbo Apprenticeship Scheme in Anambra State, Nigeria
Okeke Tabansi Callistus, Osang Paul Abijia – September 2021 – Page No.: 129-135
The study-examined Igbo apprenticeship scheme in Anambra state. Its potency as it were, as it is and will be. The principal motivations of the scheme are the seed capital and mentorship given to the apprentices at the end of their indentureship and generation of employment in the state. But, the potency of the scheme is perceived to be waning. The study therefore seeks to interrogate the perceived decline of the potency of the scheme, utilising the observation method in informal workplaces and trading sites spread across the state. The study discovered that, the unwillingness of young men to take up the businesses of their fathers, study courses that will promote their growth and malicious stealing of their masters money by the apprentices are key factors that led to the decline of the scheme’s potency and the study therefore recommended that young men should key into family businesses so as to promote the heritage of business sustainability being transferred from generation to generation. Again, there should be a well-defined contractual agreement rather than oral agreement between the masters and the intending apprentices so as to protect the job creation intent of the scheme.
Page(s): 129-135 Date of Publication: 28 September 2021
Okeke Tabansi Callistus
Department of Economics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
Osang Paul Abijia
Department of Economics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
[1] Abiola, C. (2005). Business law in Nigeria. Lagos: Malthouse Law Books.
[2] Adamu, M., 1979. The delivery of slaves from the central Sudan to the bight of Benin in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The Uncommon Market: Essays in the Economic History of the Atlantic Slave Trade, pp.163-80.
[3] Adekola G (2013) Traditional Apprenticeship in the Old Africa and Its Relevance to Contemporary Work Practices in Modern Nigerian Communities. British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioral Science 3: 397-406.
[4] Anyadike N, Emeh I, Ukah FO (2012) Entrepreneurship development and employment generation in Nigeria: Problems and prospects .Universal Journal of Education and General Studies 1: 88-102.
[5] Agozino, B. & Anyanike, I., 2007. IMU AHIA: Traditional Igbo business school and global commerce culture. Dialectical Anthropology, 31(1-3), pp.233-252.
[6] Alike, M. & Orjiako-Umunze, I. (2019), “Social-economic philosophy of contemporary Igbo apprenticeship system”, Nnadiebube Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 1-14 Blau, P. M. 1964. Exchange and power in social life. New York: John WileyEmerson, R. M. 1976. Social exchange theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2: 335-362.
[7] Ejo-Orusa, H. & Lloyd, D. (2019) Reinventing the Nwaboi apprenticeship System: A platform For entrepreneurship promotion in Nigeria. International journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences. Vol 8(9). ISSN 2278-6236
[8] Homans, G. C. (1961). Social behavior: Its elementary forms . New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
[9] Isichei, E., 1976. A history of the Igbo people. Palgrave Macmillan.
[10] Ichoku, H.E (2019), “Igbo cultural values and sub-optimal economic development of the south east Nigeria: resolving the contradictions”, Paper presented at the 2nd annual faculty lecture of the faculty of social sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State, Nigeria.
[11] Iwara, I.O., Amaechi, K.E. & Netshandama, V. (2019), “The igba-boi apprenticeship approach: arsenal behind growing success of Igbo entrepreneurs in Nigeria”, Ubuntu: Journal of Conflict and Social Transformation, Vol. 8 No.1, pp. 227-250
[12] Lander, R. & Lander, J., 1832. Journal of an Expedition to Explore the Course and Termination of the Niger: with a Narrative of a Voyage down that River to its Termination (Vol. 28). J. & J. Harper.
[13] Molm, L. D. 1994. Dependence and risk: Transforming the structure of social exchange. Social Psychology Quarterly, 57: 163-176 Nigerian Labour Act (2004). Section 50(1).
[14] Okene, O. V. C. (2011). Labour law in Nigeria: The law of work. Port Harcourt: CDL Publishers.
[15] Olulu, R. M. & Udeora, S. A.F (2018), “Contract of apprenticeship and employment generation in Nigeria”, International Journal of Scientific Research in Education, Vol. 11 No. 3, pp. 335-344.
[16] Orugun, J.J. & Nafiu, A.T (2014), “An exploratory study of Igbo entrepreneurial activity and business success in Nigeria as the panacea for economic growth and development”, International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, Vol. 3 No. 9, pp. 158-165.
[17] Onwuka, A. 2015. The Igbo and Culture of Apprenticeship. Available at: http://www.nairaland.com/2790354/igbo-culture-apprenticeship (Accessed 2 January 2019).
[18] Onyima, J. K.C., Nzewi, H. N. & Chiekezie, O.M.(2013). Effects of apprenticeship and social capital on new business creation process of „immigrant‟ entrepreneurs. Review of Public Administration and Management, 2(3); 1-11.
[19] Sagay, I. E. (1985). Nigerian law of contract. London: Sweet & Maxwell.
Okeke Tabansi Callistus, Osang Paul Abijia, “Decline of the Potency of Igbo Apprenticeship Scheme in Anambra State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.129-135 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5915
Download PDF
Health Risk Communication and Awareness of Bad Cholesterol Build Up Among Sedentary Workers: A Qualitative Analyses
Chibuike Julius Nwosu, Ugochukwu Chiemezie Chukwuka, Ajagu Lilian Chinazom. – September 2021 Page No.: 136-145
The growing culture of sedentary living has remained a subject of concern in the contemporary time given its grave implication for the health wellbeing of individuals and society at large. Interestingly, research has over time demonstrated that sedentary lifestyle is associated with a host of health risks, including: obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes type two, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, mental health, depression and anxieties among others. However, among health risks of sedentary lifestyle is high cholesterol build-up, also known as hypercholesterolemia. Cholesterol is a fatty substance produced in human body; it may be considered good or bad. Research has shown that the build-up of bad cholesterol in human body poses a very serious health risk which causes ones arteries to become thicker, harder and less flexible and as a result slowing down, and sometimes, blocking blood flow to ones heart. This condition literature has shown, often leads to stroke and consequently death. This research work carried out investigation into the awareness of bad cholesterol build up among sedentary workers in universities in the South-East part of Nigeria. The study made use of Key In-depth Informant research design; a qualitative research method. The sample size of 18 key informants was purposively selected and interviewed. The study was anchored on the Health Belief Model. Findings demonstrated that university workers in the South East Nigeria are very aware of health risk communication on bad cholesterol build-up. That these university workers were predominantly aware of bad cholesterol messages through the social media and internet. That a significant number of the university workers were not aware that their work is a predisposing factor towards bad cholesterol build-up. The study discovered that these university workers did not really comply with the health messages on the measures to control bad cholesterol build-up among them. It is against the above finding that the researchers recommended among others that organizations with predominantly sedentary workforce should from time to time invite experts to educate their personnel on cholesterol build-up wellness to enhance their knowledge and/or encourage healthy lifestyles, healthy diets and physical activities. Furthermore, they recommended that messages on bad cholesterol build-up be developed by health campaign managers in a very clear manner for the audiences’ better understanding.
Page(s): 136-145 Date of Publication: 28 September 2021
Chibuike Julius Nwosu
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria
Ugochukwu Chiemezie Chukwuka
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria
Ajagu Lilian Chinazom
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria
[1] Abugu, J.C., & Dunu, I.V. (2020). Cholesterol build-up awareness and knowledge among sedentary workers in the South East in Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 10 (2), 799-810
[2] Adepoju, A. A. (2016). Knowledge of risk factors for bad cholesterol build-up among outpatients in a tertiary health institution. Journal of Community Medicine, 3(1), 210 – 227.
[3] Aderigbe, S.A., Sule, G.O., Olotana, F.A., Goodman, O.O., & Sekoni, O.O. (2017). Knowledge and practice of sedentary lifestyle I among bankers in Bwari Area Council, FCT, Abuja. Research Journal of Health Sciences, 5 (3), 167-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.43.14/rejhs.v5i3.6.
[4] American Heart Foundation (2017). Cholesterol, heart attack and stroke symptoms. Retrieved from http://www.heart.org.health-topics/cholesterol…
[5] Aranmolate, R., & Obayemi, O.S. (2018). Trends in prevalence and awareness of high cholesterol among adults in Mississippi United State. Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2 (2), 468 – 482.
[6] Beckerman, J. (2017). Diseases linked to high cholesterol. Journal of Medical Science 2 (12) 112-113.
[7] Bullion, R., Okamura, W.H., & Norman, A.W. (1995). Structure function relationship in the vitamin dendocrime system. Journal of Health, 12 (2), 122- 134
[8] Burke, E. (2013). The Health Belief Model. Retrieved from www.iccwn.org.an/userupload/files/soyf/2013…/the-health-belief-model.pdf
[9] Clint, E. (2000). Cholesterol lowering effects of psyllium intake in men and women with hypercholesterolemia. Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71 (2), 472- 479.
[10] Coplo, A. (2005). LDL Cholesterol: Bad cholesterol or bad science? Journal of American Physicians 10 (3), 112-126.
[11] Crichton, G.E., & Alkerwi, A. (2015). Physical activity, sedentary behavoiur and lipid levels in the observation of cardiovascular risk factors in Luxembourg study. Journal of Public Health, 14 (87), 1123-1132. http://doi:10.1186/s12944-015-0085-3
[12] CROI Heart Foundation and Stroke Centre (2014). High cholesterol – Causes, symptoms and treatments. Retrieved from http://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/high-cholesterol
[13] Dawodu, T. (2018, July 7). More Nigerians dying of cardiovascular conditions – Report. Daily Trust, July 7, 2018, pp.19 – 20.
[14] Diaz, M. N., Frei, B., Vita, J.A., & Keaney, J .F. (1997). Antioxidants and atherosclerotic heart disease. N Engl J Med, 337(6), 408-16.
[15] Emiko, K (2011, September 10) Cholesterol: Another silent killer. Retrieved from https://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/02/cholesterol-another-silent-killer/
[16] Girao, H., & Mota., C (2001). Cholesterol: Making or breaking synapses. Journal of American Physicians 12 (5), 110-123.
[17] Hornby, A.S. (2000). Oxford advanced learners dictionary (6th ed.). Oxford: University Press.
[18] Imo, G.O. (2012). Rural technology resistance to technology use: lessons from population, child survival and HIV/AIDS Campaign in Africa. In I. Nwosu and O Soola (eds.). Communication in Global ICTs and eco-system perspectives: insight from Nigeria. Enugu: Nigeria: ACCE (PP.32-52)
[19] Jones, S.C., & Hoang, C. (2005). The relationship between media exposure and awareness of health behaviour guidelines among older Australians. Journal of Health and Behavioural Sciences, 1 (2), 138-143.
[20] Knight, J. A. (2012). Physical inactivity associated with diseases and disorders. Retrieved fromhttp://www.annclinlabsci.org/content/42/3/320.full
[21] Kraus, W. E., Houmard, J. A., Duscha, B.D., Knetzger, K.J., Wharton, M.B., & McCartney, J.S.(2005). Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med, 347(19),1483-9
[22] Marzetti, E., Calvani, R., Sisto, O., Tosato, E., Martone, R., & Ortolani (2018) Prevalence of dyslipidaemia and awareness of blood cholesterol levels among community-living people: results from the Longevity check-up. Retrieved from https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/6/e021628
[23] Matamoros, D.C. (2015). The role of mass media communication in public health Daniel Catalan Matamoros. University of Almeri-Spain Journal of Public Health 1 (3), 90-101.
[24] Meyers, J. (2003). Exercise and cardiovascular health. AHA Journals, 107 (1), 230-245. http://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000048890.59383.8D.
[25] Mfrekemfon, P., Inyang, O., & Okey-Orji, S. (2015). Sedentary lifestyle: Health implications. Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 4 (2), 20-25. https://doi: 10.9790/1959-‘0421225www.ijournals.org.
[26] Molla, A., Manser, W W., Lalani, R., Badruddin, S H., Mohammad, Z., & Khurshid, M. (1990). Blood lipids in a healthy Karachi population. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1 (93), 295–299
[27] Murrel, M.G. (2017). Causes of high cholesterol. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9152.php.
[28] Nshi K., Itabe H., & Uno M. (2000) Oxidized L D L in carotid plaques and plasma associates with plaque instability. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 22 (12), 1649-1654.
[29] Nwodu, L.C. (2017). Research Communication and other Behavioural Sciences Enugu: Rhyce Kerex Publishers.
[30] Nwosu, C.J., Okeke, A.O., & Chiazor, C. (2020). Health messages and compliance by undergraduate consumers of roadside food around university campuses in Anambra State. Journal of Communication and Media Studies 1 (2), 12-33
[31] Ogungbenle, A., & Orobaton, N. (2017) Private health care in Nigeria: walking the tight rope. Health Policy & Planning, 14(2), 174-181.
[32] Okoro, N., Nwachukwu., C & Ajero I (2015). Health Communication strategies . In I.S Ndolo (ed.). Emerging Trends in Gender, Health and Political Communication in Africa. Enugu: Rhyce Kerex Publishers
[33] Okoro, N., Nwachukwu., C & Ajero I (2015). Health Communication strategies . In I.S Ndolo (ed.). Emerging Trends in Gender, Health and Political Communication in Africa. Enugu: Rhyce Kerex Publishers
[34] Okpuzor, J., Okochi, V.I., Ogbunugafor, H.A., Ogbonnia, S., Fagbayi, T., & Obidiegwu, C. (2009). Estimation of cholesterol level in different brands of vegetable oils. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8 57-62. DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2009.57.62 Retrieved from http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2009.57.62
[35] Oladipo, A., Ugboaja, R.N., & Rotimi, S. (2008). Plasma lipid profile, atherogenic and coronary risk indices in some residents of Abeokuta in south western Nigeria. Biokemistry, 20 (2), 85-9.
[36] Park, J.H., Joh, H.K., Lee, G.S., Je, S., Cho, S.H., Kim, S.O., Won Oh, S., & Kwon, H. (2018). Association between sedentary time and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean adults. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 39 (1), 29-36
[37] Parnett, J.J., Lima, O.A., Tamayo, C.B., Gutierrez, G., & Sanchez, S. (2010). Use of the internet as a source of health information by Spanish adolescents. Retrieved from https://bmcmediinformbiomedcentral.com/aericles/101186/147694-10.
[38] Robin, L. B. (2017). Bad cholesterol build-up among middle class workers in Canada: Risk assessment and possible guidelines for future policymaking. Public Health Journal, 8(3), 211 – 223.
[39] Shehu, R.A., Abdullahi, A.A., & Adekeye, D.S. (2010). Sedentary lifestyle and wellness in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Ethno Med 4(1), 15-19. https://doi10:1080/09735070.2010.11886358
[40] Stryer, L. (2002). Lipoproteins and cardiovascular diseases: The good and bad cholesterol Biochemistry, 22 (3), 223 – 236.
[41] Tabas, I. (2002). Cholesterol in health disease. American Journal of Health, 2 (2), 123- 124
[42] Ugo, A.O. (2020). Audience awareness, knowledge and practice of covid 19 pandemic precautionary measures: A study of Delta State. Journal of Health and Communication, 1 (4), 234-245.
[43] Vance, K., Howe, W., Dallavalle, R. (2009). Public health information. Journal of Communication and Public Health 2 (14), 234-248.
[44] Weser, S.K., Bradshaw, Y., Gualtieri, L., & Gallagher, S. (2010). The Internet as a Health Information Source: Findings from the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey and Implications for Health Communication.
[45] World Health Organisation (2018). Emergency risk management for health overview (International Labour Conference report). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/preparedness/risk_management_overview_17may2013.pdf
[46] World Heart Federation Annual Report 2018. Retrieved from http://www.world-heart federation.org/annual-report-2010-pdfl/
Chibuike Julius Nwosu, Ugochukwu Chiemezie Chukwuka, Ajagu Lilian Chinazom, “Health Risk Communication and Awareness of Bad Cholesterol Build Up Among Sedentary Workers: A Qualitative Analyses” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.136-145 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/136-145.pdf
Download PDF
Investigating the Expenditure-Economic Growth Nexus in Nigeria the Presence of Structural Breaks: A Nonlinear ARDL Cointegration Approach
Yusuf Shamsuddeen Nadabo and Suleiman Maigari Salisu – September 2021 Page No.: 146-153
The performance of Nigeria’s economy has not been satisfactory despite the remarkable increase in government spending (expenditure) over the years. This development warrants re-examination of the relationship between government expenditure and economic growth in the presence of structural breaks. The main objective of this study is to re-evaluate the expenditure and growth nexus in Nigeria using the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag cointegration approach on annual time series data from 1970-2019. The cointegration result revealed asymmetric cointegration between government spending and economic growth (long-run nonlinear relationship). The results also illustrated that a positive change in government spending has a positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth while a negative change has no significant impact on economic growth during the study period. In addition, in support of the Keynesian hypothesis, the study found unidirectional causality running from government expenditure to economic growth. Thus, the paper concludes that Nigeria’s economic growth is more responsive to a positive change in government spending than a negative change. Following these findings, the paper recommended increasing government spending to be channeled to provide critical physical infrastructure, human development, Research, and Development (R&D). /p>
Page(s): 146-153 Date of Publication: 28 September 2021
Yusuf Shamsuddeen Nadabo
Department of Economics, Maryam Abacha American University of Niger
Suleiman Maigari Salisu
Department of Economics, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina²
[1] Abdullah, H., and Maamor, S. (2010). “Relationship between national product and Malaysian government development expenditure: Wagner’s law validity application.” International Journal of Business and Management 5(1), 88-97.
[2] Abizadeh, S. and Yousefi, M. (1998).”An Empirical Analysis of South Korea’s Economic Development and Public Expenditure Growth.” The Journal of Socio-Economics 27(6), 687-694.
[3] Abu-Bader S., and Abu-Qarn A.S. (2003). “Government Expenditures, Military Spending, and Economic Growth: Causality Evidence from Egypt, Israel, and Syria .'”Journal of Policy Modeling 25(6-7), 567-583.
[4] Afzal, M., and Abbas, Q. (2010). “Wagner’s law in Pakistan: Another look.” Journal of Economics and International Finance 2(1), 12-19.
[5] Ahmed, E. M., & Hanif, C. M. (2018). Sub-Saharan African Countries Public Expenditure and Economic Growth: Wagner’s Panel Cointegration and Causality Applications.
[6] Aigbokhan, B.E. (1996). “Government Size and Economic Growth: The Nigerian Experience. In “Beyond Adjustment: Management of the Nigerian Economy, ” Proceedings of the 1996 annual Conference of the Nigerian Economic Society.
[7] Akinlo, A. E., & Jemiluyi, O. O. (2018). Economic Growth Nexus In Nigeria: Evidence From Nonlinear Ardl And Causality Approaches. Review of Innovation and Competitiveness: A Journal of Economic and Social Research, 4(2), 5-26.
[8] Al-Faris, A.F. (2002). “Public Expenditure and Economic Growth in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries.”Applied Economics 34(9), 1187-1195.
[9] Aydin, C., & Esen, Ö. (2019). Optimal tax revenues and economic growth in transition economies: a threshold regression approach. Global Business and Economics Review, 21(2), 246-265.
[10] Aregbeyen, O. (2006). “Cointegration, causality and Wagner’s law: A test for Nigeria, 1970-2003.”Central Bank of Nigeria Economic and Financial Review, 44(2).
[11] Babatunde, M.A. (2007). “Abound testing analysis of Wagner’s Law in Nigeria: 1970- 2006. Retrieved from http://wvw.africametrics.org/documents/conferences 08/dayl/session2/babatunde.pdf. Accessed on 03/12/2019
[12] Babatunde, M.A. (2008). “Establishing Wagner’s Law in the West Africa Monetary Zone. (WAMZ): Investigation Using the Bounds Test.” The Indian Economic Journal 56(3), 109-123. “
[13] Ben-David, D. and Papell, D. (1997), “Slowdowns and meltdowns: post-war growth evidence from 74 countries.” Review of Economics and Statistics 28(2), pp. 561-571.
[14] Chang, T. (2002).”An Econometric Test of Wagner’s Law for Six Countries, based on Cointegration and Error-Correction Modelling Techniques.” Applied Economics 34, 1157-1 169.
[15] Chimobi, O.P. (2009). “Government expenditure and national income: A causality test for Nigeria.” European Journal of Economic and Political Studies 2(2), 1-12.
[16] Dada, A.M.,’andAdewale, O.A. (2013). “Is Wagner’s law a myth or a reality? Empirical evidence from Nigeria.” International Journal of Development and Economic Sustainability 1(1), 123-137.
[17] Dakurah, H., Davies, S., and Sampath, R. (2001), “Defense Spending and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: A Causality Analysis.”Journal of Policy Modeling23(6), 651-658.
[18] Dogan, E., and Tang, T.C. (2006). “Government expenditure and national income: Causality test for five Southeast Asian countries.” International Business and Economics Research Journal 5(10), 49-58.
[19] Dutt, S.D. and Ghosh, D. (1997).”An Empirical Examination of the Public Expenditure- Economic Growth Correlations.”Southwest Oklahoma Economic Review, 12(4), pp. 14- 26.
[20] Egbo, O., Nwankwo, E., Okoye, N. F., & ESQ, O. O. (2016). Analysis of Government Disaggregated Expenditures and Growth of Nigerian Economy. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 21(2), 1.
[21] Ekiran Joseph, O., & Sola, O. (2019). Testing the Wagner’s Hypothesis on Public Expenditure and Output Growth Causality in Nigeria.
[22] Ele, I.E., Okon, I.E., Ibok, O.W., and Brown, I.N. (2014).”Analysis of Agricultural public capital expenditure and agricultural economic growth in Nigeria (1961 -2010).”American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 4(4), 443-456
[23] Essien E.A. (1997). “Public Sector Growth, An Econometric Test of Wagner’s Law.” Economic and Financial Review, 35(3).Central Bank of Nigeria.
[24] Ghorbani, M-, and Zarea, A.F. (2009).”Investigating Wagner’s law in Iran’s economy.”Journal of Economics and International Finance 1(5), 115-121.
[25] Goffman, I.J. (1968). “On the Empirical Testing of Wagner’s Law: A Technical Note,” Public Finance, 23, pp. 359-364.
[26] Govindaraju, C.V., Rao, R., and Anwar, S. (2010). “Economic growth and government., spending in Malaysia: A re-examination of Wagner and Keynesian views.” Economic Change and Restructuring Finance 3(3), 359-364.
[27] Gupta, S.P. (1967). “Public Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Time-Series Analysis,” Public Finance, 22(4), pp. 423-461.
[28] Idris, M., & Bakar, R. (2017). Public sector spending and economic growth in Nigeria: In search of a stable relationship. Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 1-19.
[29] Ifarajimi, G. D., & Ola, K. O. (2017). Government expenditure and economic growth in
[30] Nigeria: An analysis with dynamic ordinary least squares. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(5), 8-26.
[31] Ighodaro, C.A.U., and OriaKhi, D.E. (2010). “Does the relationship between government expenditure and economic growth follow Wagner’s law in Nigeria?” Annals of the University of Petrosani Economics 10(2), 185-198.
[32] Johansen, S., Mosconi, R., and Nielsen, B. (2000). “Cointegration analysis in the presence of structural breaks in the deterministic trend.” Econometrics Journal 3;’ 216-249.
[33] Kalam, A.M., and Aziz, N. (2009). “Growth of government expenditure in Bangladesh: An empirical inquiry into the validity of Wagner’s Law.” Global Economy Journal 9(2),5.
[34] Karahan, Ö., & Çolak, O. (2019). Examining the validity of Wagner’s law versus Keynesian hypothesis: Evidence from Turkey’s economy. Scientific Annals of Economics and Business, 66(1), 117-130.
[35] Kasimu, A., and Aggreh, M. (2014). “Government Expenditure and Gross Domestic Product: A Test of Wagner’s Law on Nigerian Economy.” Journal of Asian Development Studies 3(3), 6-13.
[36] Keynes, J. M. (1936). The General Theory of Employment., Interest, and Money. London: Macmillan Press.
[37] Kimaro, E. L., Keong, C. C., & Sea, L. L. (2017). Government expenditure, efficiency, and economic growth: a panel analysis of Sub Saharan African low-income countries. African Journal of Economic Review, 5(2), 34-54.
[38] Liitkepohl, H., Saikkonen, P., and Trenkler, C. (2003).”Comparison of Tests for the Cointegrating Rank of a VAR Process with a Structural Shift.” Journal of Econometrics 113(2), 201-229.
[39] Lingxiao, W. A. N. G., Peculea, A. D., & Xu, H. (2016). The relationship between public expenditure and economic growth in Romania: Does it obey Wagner’s or Keynes’s Law?. Theoretical & Applied Economics, 23(3).
[40] Mann, A.J. (1980). “Wagner’s Law: An Econometric Test for Mexico, 1925-1976.” National Tax Journal, 33(2), pp. 189-201.
[41] Muhlis, B, and Hakan C. (2003). “Causality between Public Expenditure and Economic Growth: The Turkish Case.” Journal of Economic and Social Research 6(1), 53-72.
[42] Musgrave, R.A. (1969), Fiscal systems, Yale University Press, New Haven, and London.
[43] Narayan, P.K., Nielsen, I., and Smyth, R. (2008). “Panel data cointegration, causality and Wagner’s law: Empirical evidence from Chinese provinces.” China Economic Review 19(2), 297-307.
[44] Ogbonna, B.C. (2012). “Does Wagner’s law hold for Nigeria? 1950-1008.”‘ JORIND 10(2), 290-299.
[45] Olayinka Kolawole, B. (2016). Government spending and inclusive-growth relationship in Nigeria: An empirical investigation. Zagreb International Review of Economics & Business, 19(2), 33-56.
[46] Olomola, P.A. (2004). “Cointegration Analysis-Causality Testing and Wagner’s Law: The Case of Nigeria, 1970-2001.”Journal of Social and Economic Development 6(1), 76- 90.
[47] Omoke, P. (2009). “Government Expenditure and National Income: A Causality Test for Nigeria.” European Journal of Economic and Political Studies 2, 1-11.
[48] Peacock, A.T-.and Wiseman, J. (1961). The Growth of Public Expenditure in the United Kingdom. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
[49] Pula, L., & Elshani, A. (2018). The relationship between public expenditure and economic growth in Kosovo: Findings from a Johansen co-integrated test and a Granger causality test. Ekonomika, 97(1), 47-62.
[50] Saikkonen, P., and Liitkepohl, H. (2000).”Testing for the cointegrating rank of a VAR process with structural shifts.” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 18(4), 451 – 464.
[51] Sen. A. (2003). “On unit root tests when the alternative is a trend-break stationary process.” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 21(1), pp. 174-184.
[52] Sideris, D. (2007). Wagner’s Law in 19th Century Greece: A cointegration and causality analysis. Bank of Greece Working Papers No. 64.
[53] Singh, B. and Sahni, B. (1984).”Causality between Public Expenditure and National Income.” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 66, 630-644.
[54] Sinha, D. (2007). Does Wagner’s law hold for Thailand? A time-series study.MPRA Paper No. 2560.
[55] Wagner. A. (1893).Grundlegung der politischenOkonomie, 3rd ed., Leipzig.
[56] Wagner, R.E., and Weber, W.E. (1977). “Wagner’s Law, Fiscal Institutions and the Growth of Government.” National Tax Journal 30, 59-68.
[57] Yay, T., and Tastan, H. (2009). “Growth of public expenditures in Turkey during the 1950- 2004 periods: An econometric analysis.” Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting 4, 101-118.
Yusuf Shamsuddeen Nadabo and Suleiman Maigari Salisu “Investigating the Expenditure-Economic Growth Nexus in Nigeria the Presence of Structural Breaks: A Nonlinear ARDL Cointegration Approach” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.146-153 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5917
Download PDF
The Role of Radio-Télévision Libre Des Mille Collines in The Rwandan Genocide : An Analysis From The Theoretical Perspectives of Intergroup Threat and Aggression
Gustave Adolphe Messanga & Marios Yannick Duclair Tajeugueu – September 2021 – Page No.: 154-163
This research focuses on the role of Radio-Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM) in the Rwandan genocide. It analyzes the radio broadcasts through the prism of theories of intergroup threat and aggression. In this perspective, this medium is conceived as a manipulative and propagandist agent which participated in the perpetration of mass killings constituting the Rwandan genocide, through the dissemination of the ideology of hatred before and during the genocide and the logistical assistance provided to those involved in the killings. Indeed, RTLM broadcasts were structured in such a way as to present Hutu as victims (intergroup threat), with the aim of justifying the use of violent actions against Tutsi (intergroup aggression). The corpus to be analyzed consists of extracts from RTLM broadcasts selected from transcripts stored at the Montreal Institute of Genocide and Human Rights Studies (MIGS) and at the International Monitor Institute (IMI). These extracts were analyzed with the method of discourse analysis. They reveal that RTLM’s discourse was based on the victimization and glorification of Hutu, as well as the devaluation and demonization of Tutsi. Concretely, the radio broadcasts were structured in such a way as to incite Hutu (past and present victims of injustice) to exterminate Tutsi (the enemies, the “cockroaches” (inyenzi)) and to eradicate them from Rwandan society. They were built around two main themes : threat, which includes elements like propaganda and hatred, intergroup categorization and victimization of Hutu; and aggression which includes the revolutionary vision of Rwanda, the deshumanization of Tutsi, their designation as enemies, and the search for a just and homogeneous society without Tutsi.
Page(s): 154-163 Date of Publication: 28 September 2021
Gustave Adolphe Messanga
Department of Philosophy-Psychology-Sociology, University of Dschang, Cameroon
Marios Yannick Duclair Tajeugueu
Department of Philosophy-Psychology-Sociology, University of Dschang, Cameroon
[1] African rights. (1995). Rwanda death, despite and defiance. Published by African rights. https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?isbn=1899477039&cm_sp=mbc-_-1899477039-_-all
[2] Akçay, B. D., & Akçay, D. (2020). What are the factors that contribute to aggression in patients with co-occurring antisocial personality disorder and substance abuse? Archives in Clinical Psychiatry, 47(4), 95-100. DOI:10.1590/0101-60830000000240
[3] Allen, J. J., & Anderson, C. A. (2017). Aggression and violence: Definitions and distinctions. In P. Sturmey, The Wiley Handbook of Violence and Aggression (pp. 1-14). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
[4] Anderson, C. A., & Huesmann, L. R. (2003). Human aggression: A social-cognitive view. In M. A. Hogg & J. Cooper (eds.), The Sage handbook of social psychology (pp. 296-323). Sage.
[5] Ariyanto, A. Hornsey, M. J., & Gallois, C. (2007). Group Allegiances and Perceptions of Media Bias: Taking Into Account Both the Perceiver and the Source. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 10(2), 266-279.
[6] Asad, R. (2014). Major Research Paper: Radio and the Rwandan Genocide 6963734. https://ruor.uottawa.ca/bitstream/10393/31457/1/ASAD,%20Rabiya%2020145.pdf
[7] Banyanga, J. A., Björkqvist, K., & Österman, K. (2017). The trauma of women who were raped and children who were born as a result of rape during the Rwandan genocide: cases from the Rwandan diaspora. Pyrex Journal of African Studies and Development, 3(4), 31-39.
[8] Berkowitz, L., (1993). Pain and aggression: some findings and implications. Motivation and Emotion, 17, 277-293. doi10.1007/BF00992223.
[9] Bilsky, L., and Klagsbrun, R. (2018). The Return of Cultural Genocide ? European Journal of International Law, 29, 373-96. https://academic.oup.com/ejil/article/29/2/373/5057075
[10] Burnet, J. E. (2015). Rape as a Weapon of Genocide: Gender, Patriarchy, and Sexual Violence in the Rwandan Genocide. Anthropology Faculty Publications, 13.
[11] Catherine, B. (1995). Le viol des femmes survivantes du génocide des femmes du Rwanda. In R. Verdier, E. Deacux, & J.-P. Chrétien (eds.), Rwanda : un genocide de XXe siècle. L’Harmattan.
[12] Chalk, F. (1999). Hate Radio in Rwanda. In H. Adelman & A. Suhrke (eds.), The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire. Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick.
[13] Chia, J., Yang, M., & Chang, J. J. C. (2009). Elaboration of the hostile media phenomenon: The roles of involvement, media skepticism, congruency of perceived media influence, and perceived opinion climate. Communication Research, 36, 54-75. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650208326462
[14] Chia, S. C., Yong, S. Y. J., Wong, Z. W. D., & Koh, W. L. (2007). Personal bias or government bias? Testing the hostile media effect in a regulated press system. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 19, 313-330. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/edm011
[15] Chrétien, J-P., Dupaquier, J-F., Kabanda, M., & Ngarambe, J. (1995). Rwanda: Les médias du génocide. Éditions Karthala.
[16] Coe, K., Tewksbury, D., Bond, B. J., Drogos, K. L., Porter, R.W., Yahn, A., & Zhang, Y. (2008). Hostile News : Partisan Use and Perceptions of Cable News Programming. Journal of Communication, 58, 2, 201-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2008.00381.x
[17] Dallaire, R. (2004). The Media Dichotomy. In A. Thompson (ed.), The Media and the Rwandan Genocide. Pluto Press.
[18] Duck, J. M., Terry, D. J., & Hogg, M. A. (1998). Perceptions of a media campaign: The role of social identity and the changing intergroup context. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(1), 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167298241001
[19] Ellemers, N., Spears, R., & Doosje, B. (2002). Self and social identity. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 161-186. http://www3.psych.purdue.edu/~willia55/392F/EllemersSpearsDoosje.pdf
[20] Estévez, E., Jiménez, T. I., & Moreno, D. (2018). Aggressive behavior in adolescence as a predictor of personal, family, and school adjustment problems. Psicothema, 30(1), 66-73. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2016.294
[21] Finnegan, C. (2020). The Uyghur Minority in China : A Case Study of Cultural Genocide, Minority Rights and the Insufficiency of the International Legal Framework in Preventing State-Imposed Extinction. Laws, 9, 1, 1-20. doi:10.3390/laws9010001
[22] Fitzmaurice, K. (2018). Propaganda. Brock Education Journal, 27(2), 63-67. doi: https://doi.org/10.26522/brocked.v27i2.580
[23] Frohardt, M. (2003). Use and abuse of media in vulnerable societies [electronic resource]/Mark Frohardt and Jonathan Temin. Institute of Peace. http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS38157
[24] Geen, R. G. (2001). Human aggression (2nd ed.). Taylor & Francis.
[25] Gragg, T. (2012). Manipulating the Present to Recall the Past and Foretell the Future: Radio Télévision Libre des Milles Collines Broadcasts in Pre-Genocide Rwanda. A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in African Studies.
[26] Gunther, A. C., & Liebhart, J. L. (2006). Broad reach or biased source? Decomposing the hostile media effect. Journal of Communication, 56, 449-466. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00295.x
[27] Gunther, A. C., Christen, C. T., Liebhart, J. L., & Chia, S. C. (2001). Congenial public, contrary press, and biased estimates of the climate of opinion. Public Opinion Quarterly, 65, 295-320.
[28] Huge, M., & Glynn, C. J. (2010). Hostile Media and the Campaign Trail : Perceived Media Bias in the Race for Governor. Journal of Communication, 60, 165-181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01473.x
[29] Kellow, C. L., & Stevens, H. L. (1998). The role of radio in the Rwandan genocide. Journal of Communication, 48, 3, 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1998.tb02762.x
[30] Kimani, M (2007). RTLM: The Medium that Became a Took for Mass Murder? In Thompson, The Media and the Rwanda Genocide (pp. 110-124).
[31] Krahé, B. (2013). The social psychology of aggression (2nd éd.). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203082171
[32] Lafraniere, S. (2003). Court Finds Rwanda Media Executives Guilty of Genocide. https://www.nytimes.com/2003/12/03/international/africa/court-finds-rwanda-media-executives-guilty-of-genocide.html
[33] Leach, C. W., van Zomeren, M., Zebel, S., Vliek, M., Pennekamp, S. F., Doosje, B. Ouwerkerk, J. P., & Spears, R. (2008). Group-level self-definition and self-investment: A hierarchical (multicomponent) model of ingroup identification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 144-165. https://doi.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037/0022-3514.95.1.144
[34] Li, D. (2007). Echoes of Violence: Considerations on Radio and Genocide in Rwanda. In A. Thompson (ed.), The Media and the Rwanda Genocide. Pluto Press.
[35] Des Forges, A. (1999). Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda. Human Rights Watch.
[36] Des Forges, A. (2007). Call to Genocide: Radio in Rwanda, 1994. In A. Thompson (ed.), The Media and the Rwandan Genocide. Pluto Press.
[37] Luft, A. (2019). Dehumanization and the normalization of violence : It’s not what you think. https://www.globalpolicyjournal.com/blog/28/05/2019/dehumanization-and-normalization-violence-its-not-what-you-think
[38] Mafeza, F. (2016). Preventing genocide by fighting against hate speech. International Journal of Advanced Research, 4(3), 117-132.
[39] Maingueneau, D. (1984). Genèses du discours. In L. Mardaga, Du discours à la pratique discursive (pp. 135-156).
[40] [40]Malhan, M., & Dewani, P. P. (2020). Propaganda as communication strategy : Historic and contemporary perspective. Academic of Marketing Studies Journal, 24(4), 1-15.
[41] Malvaceda, E., Herrero, J., & Correa, J. (2018). Political socialization and radicalization in militants of communist party of Peru-Sendero Luminoso (PCP-SL). Convergia Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 78, 1-21.
[42] Matheson, K., & Dursun, S. (2001). Social identity precursors to the hostile media phenomenon: Partisan perceptions of coverage of the bosnian conflict. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 4(2), 116-125.
[43] Mccauley, C., & Moskalenko, S. (2008). Mechanisms of Political Radicalization : Pathways Toward Terrorism. Terrorism and Political Violence, 20(3), 415-433. doi:10.1080/09546550802073367
[44] McDoom, O. S. (2005). Rwanda’s ordinary killers: Interpreting popular participation in the Rwandan genocide. Crisis States Research Center working papers series 1(77). London School of Economics.
[45] McDoom, O. S. (2012). The Psychology of threat in intergroup conflict: emotions, rationality, and opportunity in the Rwanda genocide. International security, 37(2), 119-155.
[46] Medeiros, M. (2014). The importance of language: The impact of linguistic vitality on intergroup tensions. Thèse pour le Doctorat en Science politique, Université de Montréal.
[47] Melvern, L. (2000). A People Betrayed: The Role of the West in Rwanda. Zed.
[48] Melvern, L. (2005). Radio Murder. Times Literary Supplement.
[49] Messanga, G. A. (2018). Effet de la scolarisation des élèves issus de familles francophones dans le sous-système éducatif anglophone sur l’identité sociale anglophone : une analyse dans la perspective théorique de la menace intergroupe. In A. E. Ebongue & A. Djoum Nkwescheu (dir.), L’insécurité linguistique dans les communautés anglophone et francophone du Cameroun (pp. 251-274). L’Harmattan.
[50] Mironko, C. (2007). The Effect of RTLM’s Rhetoric of Ethnic Hatred in Rural Rwanda. In A. Thompson (ed.), The Media and the Rwanda Genocide. Pluto Press.
[51] Misse, F., & Jaumain, Y. (2003). Death by Radio. Index on Censorship. Fanning Rwanda Genocide (pp.72-74). New York Times.
[52] Mitchell, N. (2004). Agents of Atrocity: Leaders, Followers, and the Violation of Human Rights in Civil War. Palgrave.
[53] Monasebian, S. (2007). The Pre-Genocide Case Against Radio-Television Libre des Milles Collines. In A. Thompson (ed.), The Media and the Rwanda Genocide. Pluto Press.
[54] Munyandamutsa, N. (2001). Question du sens et des repères dans le traumatisme psychique, Réflexions autour de l’observation clinique d’enfants et d’adolescents survivants du génocide Rwandais de 1994. Edition Médicine et Hygiène.
[55] Mutabazi, E. (2011). En quoi l’enseignement de l’histoire avant le génocide a-t-il contribué à la souffrance à l’école du Rwanda ? Cercle interdisciplinaire de recherches phénoménologiques, 103-116.
[56] Parrott, D. J., & Giancola, P. R. (2007). Addressing “The criterion problem” in the assessment of aggressive behavior: Development of a new taxonomic system. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 12, 280-299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2006.08.002
[57] Piton, F. (2018). Le genocide des Tutsi au Rwanda. La découverte.
[58] Piton, F., & Adjemian, B. (2018). Rwanda: pour une histoire des violences de masse dans la longue durée. Etudes arméniennes contemporaines, 11, 105-122. https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.1719
[59] Price, V. (1989). Social identification and public opinion: Effects of communicating group conflict. Public Opinion Quarterly, 53, 197-224.
[60] Prunier, G. (1995a). The Rwanda crisis : history of a genocide. New
Columbia University Press.
[61] Prunier, G. (1995b). Genocide in Rwanda. In D. Chirot & M. E. P. Seligman (Éds.), Ethnopolitical Warfare: Causes, Consequences, and Possible Solutions (pp. 109-116). American Psychological Association.
[62] Rapport de la Commission Internationale. (1993). Rapport de la Commission Internationale d’Enquete sur les Violations des Droits de L’Homme AU Rwanda Depuis le 1er Octobre 1990. Rapport Final. http://cec.rwanda.free.fr/documents/doc/RapportMars93/ComIntMars93.pdf
[63] Reid, S. A. (2012). A self-categorization explanation for the hostile media effect. Journal of Communication, 62, 381-399.
[64] Reidy, K. (2019). Benevolent Radicalization: An Antidote to Terrorism. Perspectives on Terrorism, 13(4), 1-13.
[65] Rink, A., & Sharma, K. (2018). The Determinants of Religious Radicalization: Evidence from Kenya. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 62(6), 1229-1261.
[66] RTLM Transcript (March 23, 1994). Montreal Institute of Genocide and Human Rights Studies. http://migs.concordia.ca/links/documents/RTML_23Mar94_eng_K026-8048-K026-8066.pdf
[67] RTLM Transcript. (June 20th, 1994). Montreal Institute of Genocide and Human Rights Studies. Jun94_eng_tape0035.pdf.
[68] RTLM Transcript. (March 23, 1994). Montreal Institute of Genocide and Human Rights Studies. http://migs.concordia.ca/links/documents/RTML_23Mar94_eng_K026-8048-K026-8066.pdf
[69] RTLM Transcript. (May 17-18, 1994). Montreal Institute of Genocide and Human Rights Studies.
[70] Rubanzana, W., Ntaganira, J., Freeman, M. D., & Hedt-Gauthier, B. L. (2015). Risk factors for homicide victimization in post-genocide Rwanda: a population based case-control study. BMC Public Health, 15, 809, 1-9.
[71] Samuel, T. (2009). Plight and Fate of Women during and Following Genocide. Genocide: A critical bibliographic Review, 7. Transaction Publishers.
[72] Sanz, A. T. (2018). Communication, ideology and power: Notes on the debate between intentional propaganda theory and spontaneous reproduction of propaganda theory. Communicación y Sociedad, 32, 173-190.
[73] Schmitt, K. M., Gunther, A. C., & Liebhart, J. L. (2004). Why partisans see mass media as biased. Communication Research, 31(6), 623-641.
[74] Standberg Hassellind, F. (2020). Groups defined by gender and the genocide convention. Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal, 14(1), 60-75. https://doi.org/10.5038/1911-9933.14.1.1679
[75] Staub, E. (2002). The psychology of bystanders, perpetrators, and heroic helpers. In L. Newman & R. Erber (Eds.), Understanding genocide: The social psychology of the Holocaust (pp. 11-42). Oxford University Press.
[76] Staub, E. (2013). A world without genocide: Prevention, reconciliation, and the creation of peaceful societies. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 180-199.
[77] Staub, E., Pearlman, L. A., Gubin, A., & Hagengimana, A. (2005). Healing, forgiveness, and reconciliation in Rwanda: Intervention and experimental evaluation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 297-334.
[78] Stephan, W. G., & Renfro, C. L. (2002). The Role of Threats in Intergroup Relations. In D. Mackie & E. R. Smith (eds.), From prejudice to intergroup emotions (pp. 191-208). Psychology Press.
[79] Straus, S. (2007). What Is the Relationship between Hate Radio and Violence? Rethinking Rwanda’s Radio Machete. Politics & Society, 35, 609.
[80] Suedfeld, P. (2020). Book review essay: Political violence, from riot to terrorism to genocide: Four analyses. Political Psychology, 41(6), 1181-1188. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12685
[81] Tsfati, Y. (2007). Hostile media perceptions, presumed media influence and minority alienation: The case of Arabs in Israel. Journal of Communication, 57, 632-651.
[82] Valentino, B. A. (2004). Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the Twentieth Century. Cornell University Press.
[83] Vallone, R. P., Ross L., & Lepper, M. R. (1985). The hostile media phenomenon: Biased perception and perceptions of media bias in coverage of the Beirut massacre. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(3), 577-585.
[84] Vianney Higiro, J.-M. (1996). Rwandan Private Print Media on the Eve of the Genocide. Journal Article – IDRC Archive. http://reseau.crdi.ca/en/ev-108186-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html
[85] Vollhardt, J.R. and Bilewicz, M. (2013) After the Genocide: Psychological Perspectives on Victim, Bystander, and Perpetrator Groups. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12000
[86] Wrangham, R. W. (2018). Two types of aggression in human evolution. PNAS, 115(2), 245-253.
[87] Zhao, S. (2019). Rape and Genocide: The Role of Sexual Assault in the Rwandan Genocide. Scaffold: A showcase of vanderbilt first-year writing, 1, 1-12.
Gustave Adolphe Messanga & Marios Yannick Duclair Tajeugueu, “The Role of Radio-Télévision Libre Des Mille Collines in The Rwandan Genocide : An Analysis From The Theoretical Perspectives of Intergroup Threat and Aggression” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.154-163 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5918
Download PDF
Credibility of an Opinion Poll: The Case of the 2021 General Elections in Zambia
Dr. Oliver Magasu (Phd) – September 2021 – Page No.: 164-168
Zambia went to the polls on 12th August, 2021 to elect the president of the republic of Zambia. The Presidential race seemed tight between the two main political rivals, Dr. Edgar Chagwa Lungu popularly known as ECL of the ruling Patriotic Front (PF) and Mr. Hakainde Hichilema popularly known as HH of the main opposition political party United Party for National Development (UPND). To this effect, wildly different predictions were made for Zambia’s elections. The Political Science Association of Zambia in collaboration with Faraline of the United Kingdom and Media Theory of USA showed that none of the candidates would get the outright 50+1 % of the vote but that ECL would get 40.4% and HH would get 30.33%. The research was done in five (5) provinces. A survey by Afrobarometre which was conducted in all the 10 provinces of Zambia, showed that the support for ECL had declined by 44.8% and that 25.2% said that they would vote for HH. 45.6% refused to answer and said they did not know. Another survey by Zambia Decides tipped ECL to win by 56% landslide over HH who would have 41% of the votes. However, the truth is that HH beat his rival ECL in this election amassing 59.02% of the electoral votes, while ECL managed 38.71% according to the results released by the Electoral Commission of Zambia (ECZ) on 16th August, 2021 from One hundred fifty-five (155) out of One hundred fifty-six (156) constituencies. In this article, it is argued that opinion polls add value to democracy when they are credible. Therefore, the aim of this paper is not to analyse these opinion polls but to give an in-depth understanding of what makes a credible opinion poll.
Page(s): 164-168 Date of Publication: 29 September 2021
Dr. Oliver Magasu (Phd)
Kwame Nkrumah University, Zambia
[1] Allison, Simon (Ed) (2021). Two Surveys, Two Wildly Different Predictions for Zambia’s Elections. Mail & Guardian – Africa (9th July, 2021).
[2] Bell, R. (1997). Polls Apart: The 1997 UK Election: Accuracy of Predictions, Research Note 48 1996 -97, Canberra, Parliamentary Library; R. M. Worcester (1995) ‘Lessons from the electorate: What the 1992 British General Election taught British pollsters about the conduct of opinion polls,’ International Social Science Journal, Vol. 47, Iss. 4, December, pp. 539 – 552
[3] Byers, D. (2016). “How Politicians, Pollsters and Media Missed Trump’s Groundswell.” Money. cnn.com
[4] Cheeseman, N. (2021). ‘How not to Rig an Election: Zambia’s Dodgy Opinion Poll.’ Democracy in Africa, 5th July, 2021
[5] Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D. & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail and Mixed Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
[6] ECZ (2021). Results for the 2021 General Elections. Lusaka: ECZ. https://zambiaelections2021.
[7] ESOMAR (2017). FAQS on Opinion and Election Polls. Amsterdam: ESOMAR
[8] Irwin, G. & Holsteyn, V. (2002). According to the Polls: The influence of Opinion Polls on Expectations. Public Opinion Quarterly. Vol. 66, Issue 1, pp. 92 – 104
[9] Kennedy, C., Blumenthal, M., Clement, S., Clinton, D. J., Durand, C. Franklin. C., McGeeney, K., Miringoff, L., Olson, K. M., Rivers, D., Saad, L., Witt. G. E., & Wlezien, C., (2018). An Evaluation of the 2016 Election Polls in the United States. Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 82, Issue 1, spring 2018, pp. 1 – 33. http://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfx047
[10] Lusakatimes.com (2021). “Latest Elections Opinion Poll in 5 Provinces Shows None of the Presidential Candidates will get an Outright Victory.” https://www.lusakatimes.com – 4th July, 2021
[11] Macreadie Rachel (2011). Public Opinion Polls. Research Service, Parliamentary Library; Department of Parliamentary Services.
[12] MARS (2016). What are Opinion Polls? MRS Guidance on How to Read Opinion Polls. MRS Evidence Matters.
[13] Pew Research Center (2015). Random Digit Dealing – Our Standard Method. http://www.people-press.org/methodology/sampling/random/-digit-dialing-our-standard-method
[14] Phillppou, N. Andreas (2021). Why Do Polls Fail? The Case of Four US Presidential Elections, Brexit and Two Indian General Elections. Keynote Internet Presentation at the ICSTC 2020, 16 -19th December, India, Department of Statistics, University of Kerala
[15] Seekings, J. & Siachiwena, H. (2021). Voting Preferences among Zambian voters ahead of August 2021 Elections. IDCPPA Working Paper No. 27, June 2021: Institute for Democracy, Citizenship and Public Policy in Africa.
[16] Smith, T. M. F. (1996). ‘Public Opinion Polls: The UK General Election, 1992.’ Journal of Royal Statistical Society, Series A (Statistical in Society), Vol. 159, Part 3, pp. 535-545.
[17] Stockwell (2005). ‘Elections and Public Polling: Will the Media Get Online Polling Systems. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 19, Issue 12, pp. 1009 – 1023
[18] Warren, F., Kenneth (2016). Public Opinion Polls. Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Pp. 1 – 11. DOI: 10. 1002/97811184445112
[19] Webster, M. (1985). Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary. Meriam – Webster Inc.
Dr. Oliver Magasu (Phd), “Credibility of an Opinion Poll: The Case of the 2021 General Elections in Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.164-168 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/164-168.pdf
Download PDF
The Antecedents of Financial Behaviour Intention among formal sector workers
Philomina Araba Sam, Professor Siaw Frimpong, Professor Stephen Kendie – September 2021 – Page No.: 169-176
To improve our understanding of personal finance behaviour of workers, the current study sought to examine the impact of financial knowledge, financial attitude, locus of control, descriptive norm and financial self-efficacy on financial behaviour intention. The research employed the reasoned action approach framework by Fishbein & Ajzen, (2010), with formal sector workers in three districts of Ghana as the population. Questionnaires were used to collect data and analysed using SmartPLS. The results of the study revealed that perceived financial knowledge, financial attitude, descriptive norm and locus of control had a significant positive relationship with financial behaviour intention. The assertion that actual financial knowledge and financial self-efficacy influence financial behaviour was not supported. It is recommended that financial education focuses on developing good financial attitudes and beliefs to enhance behavioural change.
Page(s): 169-176 Date of Publication: 29 September 2021
Philomina Araba Sam
School of Business, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Professor Siaw Frimpong
School of Business, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
Professor Stephen Kendie
School of Business, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
[1] Ajzen, I. (1985). From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behaviour. Action Control, 11–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69746-3_2
[2] Ajzen, I. (2015). Consumer attitudes and behaviour : the theory of planned behaviour applied to food consumption decisions. Rivivista Di Economia Agraria, 2(AnnoLXX), 121–138. https://doi.org/10.13128/REA-18003
[3] Allgood, S., & Walstad, W. (2016). The Effects of Perceived and Actual Financial Literacy on Financial Behaviours. Economic Enquiry, 54(1), 675–697. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12255
[4] Allgood, S., & Walstad, W. B. (2011). Working Paper. (July), 1–26.
[5] Arifin, A. Z. (2017). The Influence of Financial Knowledge , Control and Income on Individual Financial Behaviour. XX(3), 635–648.
[6] Capéau, B. ; & De Rock, B. (2015). The implications of household size and children for life-cycle saving. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10419/144498
[7] Cobb-clark, D. A., Kassenboehmer, S. C., & Sinning, M. G. (2013a). Locus of Control and Savings.
[8] Cobb-clark, D. A., Kassenboehmer, S. C., & Sinning, M. G. (2013b). Locus of Control and Savings Locus of Control and Savings. (7837).
[9] Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and Changing Behaviour. New York: Psychology Press.
[10] Garber, G., & Koyama, S. M. (2017). Policy-effective Financial Knowledge and Attitude Factors.
[11] Garman, T., Leech, I., & Grable, J. (1996). The Negative Impact Of Employee Poor Personal Financial Behaviours On Employers. Association for Financial Counseling and Planning Education, 7(540), 157–168.
[12] Grable, J., Park, J.-Y., & Joo, S.-H. (2009). Explaining Financial Management Behaviour for Koreans Living in the United States. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 43(1), 80–107.
[13] Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). PLS-SEM : Indeed a Silver Bullet PLS-SEM : Indeed a Silver Bullet. 6679(December). https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
[14] Hilgert, M. A., Hogarth, J. M., Vitt, L. A., & Anderson, C. (2002). Household Financial Management : The Connection between Knowledge and Behaviour. 106(November 1991).
[15] Hilgert, M., Hogarth, J., & Beverly, S. (2003). Household financial management: the connection between knowledge and behaviour. Federal Reserve Bulletin, 106(Jul), 309–322.
[16] Ismail, S., Faique, F. A., Bakri, M. H., & Zain, Z. M. (2017). The Relationship between Financial Attitude and Financial Goal towards Financial Behaviour: An Empirical Investigation. Medwell, 12(1), 43–47.
[17] LaBorde, P. M., & Mottner, S. W. (2013). Personal Financial Literacy: Perceptions of Knowledge, Actual Knowledge and Behaviour of College Students. Journal of Financial Education, 39(3/4), 1–30.
[18] Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy : Theory and Evidence. 52, 5–44. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.1
[19] Mickelson, K. M. (2019). The problem of free will and determinism: An abductive approach. Social Philosophy and Policy, 36(1), 154–172. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0265052519000207
[20] Murphy, D. S., & Yetmar, S. (2010). Personal financial planning attitudes: a preliminary study of graduate students. Management Research Review, 33(8), 811–817. https://doi.org/10.1108/01409171011065617
[21] Narges, D., & Laily, H. P. (2011). Determinants of financial wellness among Malaysia workers. African Journal of Business Management, 5(24), 10092–10100. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM10.1267
[22] Nguyen, T. A. N., Rózsa, Z., Belás, J., & Belásová, Ľ. (2017). The effects of perceived and actual financial knowledge on regular personal savings: Case of Vietnam. Journal of International Studies, 10(2), 278–291. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-2/19
[23] Nguyen, T. A. N., Rózsa, Z., Belás, J., Belásová, Ľ., Anh, T., Nguyen, N., … Belásová, Ľ. (2017). The effects of perceived and actual financial knowledge on regular personal savings: Case of Vietnam. Journal of International Studies, 10(2), 278–291. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-2/19
[24] OECD/INFE. (2016). Adult Financial Literacy Competencies CORE COMPETENCIES FRAMEWORK ON.
[25] OECD/INFE. (2017). G20 / OECD INFE REPORT on ADULT FINANCIAL LITERACY IN G20 COUNTRIES.
[26] Perry, V. G., & Morris, M. D. (2006). Who Is in Control ? The Role of SelfPerception , Knowledge , and Income in Explaining Consumer Financial Behaviour. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 39(2), 299–313.
[27] Rasheed, Muhammad Haroon; Rafique, Amir; Zahid, Tayyaba; Akhtar, M. W. (2018). Factors influencing investor’s decision making in Pakistan: moderating the role of locus of control. Review of Behavioural Finance, 10(1), 70–87. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/ RBF-05-2016-0028
[28] Rasyid, R., Linda, M. R., Patrisia, D., & Fitra, H. (2018). The Effect of the Locus of Control , Financial Knowledge and Income on Investment Decisions. 57(Piceeba), 258–265.
[29] Saurabh, K., & Nandan, T. (2018). Role of financial risk attitude and financial behaviour as mediators in financial satisfaction Empirical evidence from India. 7(2), 207–224. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-07-2017-0088
[30] Sundarasen, S. D. D. (2017). Attitude Towards Money: Mediation to Money Management. 21(1), 1–17.
[31] Taylor, C. D., Klontz, B., & Lawson, D. (2017). Money Disorders and Locus of Control: Implications for Assessment and Treatment. Journal of Financial Therapy, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.4148/1944-9771.1121
[32] Yankey, M. B. (2016). Financial literacy among Public Sector Workers in the Cape Coast Metropolis. University of Cape Coast.
[33] Zakaria, R. H., Mohd Jaafar, N. I., & Marican, S. (2012). Financial behaviour and financial position: A structural equation modelling approach. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 12(10), 1396–1402. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2012.12.10.79
Philomina Araba Sam, Professor Siaw Frimpong, Professor Stephen Kendie, “The Antecedents of Financial Behaviour Intention among formal sector workers” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.169-176 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/169-176.pdf
Download PDF
Relationship between Family Cohesion and Teenage Sexual Behavior in Public Secondary Schools in Kajiado County, Kenya
Juliana Anyango Nyaguti, Stephen Asatsa (PhD), Josephine Muthami (PhD) – September 2021 – Page No.: 177-187
This research aimed at examining the relationship between family functioning and teenagers’ sexual behavioral patterns amongst students in public secondary schools in Kajiado West sub-county, Kajiado County, Kenya. The research used survey design with a target population of 6085 students from public secondary schools. Based on Yamane’s formula, the sample size of 375 students was selected by simple random sampling to participate in the study. Data were collected from this sample using standardized questionnaires; the Family Assessment Device (FAD) and the Adolescent Clinical Sexual Behavior Inventory (ACSBI-S). Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Independent t-Test and Correlation analysis. The findings indicated that there was statistically significant positive correlation between family cohesion and teenagers’ sexual behavior. Family cohesion had a positive correlation with sexual knowledge at r=.200; p-value= .000. Therefore an increase in family cohesion has a corresponding positive influence on the student sexual knowledge. Family cohesion on the other hand had a positive and significant correlation with sexual interests (r=0.135; p= 0.11). The findings imply that family cohesion could be used in regulating some of the sexual behavior domains of teenagers. ’
Page(s): 177-187 Date of Publication: 29 September 2021
Juliana Anyango Nyaguti
Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Stephen Asatsa (PhD)
Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Josephine Muthami (PhD)
Department of Psychology, the University of Nairobi
[1] Adair, J. (2006). The efficacy of sexual violence prevention programs: Implications for schools. Journal of school violence, 5(2), 87-97.
[2] CDC (2014). Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
[3] CDC (2016). Diagnoses of HIV Infection in the United States and Dependent Areas. HIV Surveillance Report, 2015, vol. 27.
[4] Gervais, C., & Jose, P. E. (2020). How Does Family Cohesion Contribute to Youths’ Health? The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies. Family process, 59(4), 1627-1647.
[5] Epstein, N. B., Baldwin, L. M., Bishop, D. S. (1983). The McMaster family assessment device. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. 9, (2), 171-180.
[6] Friedrich, W.N., Lysne, M., Sim, L., & Shamos, S. (2004). Assessing sexual behavior in high-risk adolescents with the Adolescent Clinical Sexual Behavior Inventory. Child Maltreatment, 9(3), 239-250.
[7] Kirby, D. (2012, June 29). Impact of Sex Education on the Sexual Behaviour of Young People. Retrieved May 15, 2015, from http://whttp.//www.un.org/esa/population/publications: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/expertpaper2011-12-kirby-Expert- paper.pdf
[8] Ko, C. H., Yen, J. Y., Yen, C. F., Lin, H. C., & Yang, M. J. (2007). Factors predictive for incidence and remission of internet addiction in young adolescents: a prospective study. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10(4), 545-551.
[9] Mora, C., & Monteiro, S. (2010). Vulnerability to STIs/HIV: sociability and the life trajectories of young women who have sex with women in Rio de Janeiro. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 12(1), 115-124.
[10] Muhammad, N. A., Tohid, H., Omar, K., & Shamsuddin, K. (2017). Gender Difference in the Influence of Family Interaction and Parenting Behaviors on Youth Sexual Intention. Social Sciences, 6(3), 105.
[11] National Center for Health Statistics (2010). National Survey for Family Growth. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nsfg.htm.
[12] Obare, F., Odwe, G., &Birungi, H. (2016). Adolescent sexual and reproductive health situation: Insights from the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey.
[13] Okigbo, C. C., Kabiru, C. W., Mumah, J. N., Mojola, S. A., &Beguy, D. (2015). Influence of parental factors on adolescents’ transition to first sexual intercourse in Nairobi, Kenya: a longitudinal study. Reproductive health, 12(1), 73.
[14] Oladipupo-Okorie, B. O., &Viatonu, O. (2014). Influence of Family Characteristics and Cultural norms on Pre-marital sex among secondary school students in Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. European Scientific Journal, 10(5).
[15] Setyadani, A. S. (2013). Reproductive Health Behaviour on Street Children with Active Sex in Semarang City. Journal of Public Health, 9(1), 30-36.
[16] Theuri, J., Mwangi, B. N., & Muriithi, W (2017). Influence of Societal and Government Policies Ecological Factors on Risk Taking Behaviour among Secondary School Students in Kajiado North Sub-County, Kajiado County, Kenya.
[17] Tolera, F. H., Girma, E., Mamo, A., & Babure, Z. K. (2019). Risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among high and preparatory school youth, East Wollega, Ethiopia, 2017: A cross-sectional study design. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 11(1), 1-12.
Juliana Anyango Nyaguti, Stephen Asatsa (PhD), Josephine Muthami (PhD) , “Relationship between Family Cohesion and Teenage Sexual Behavior in Public Secondary Schools in Kajiado County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.177-187 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/177-187.pdf
Download PDF
Factors Influencing Sachet Table Water Marketing in Gombe State, Nigeria
Hamidu, K., Panwal, E. F., Saleh, A., Joseph, M. and Tarki, S. K. – September 2021 – Page No.: 188-190
The study examined the factors influencing sachet table water marketing in Gombe state, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used. Gombe state 70 sachet table water marketing enterprises were purposively selected. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis with X1= Cost of holding stock, X2= Cost of obtaining stock, X3= Cost of stock, X4= Physical stock, X5= Replenishment, X6= Safety stock, X7= Maximum stock, X8= Reorder level, X9= Unfulfilled request, X10= Lead time as parameters used. Where the result reveals that cost of holding stock (X1) and cost of stock (X3) were statistically significant at p<0.01; replenishment order (X5) was significant at 1%; R2 was 0.974 and F-value 202.509***. The citizens of Gombe were recommended to engage in sachet table water marketing as it could be a profitable venture.
Page(s): 188-190 Date of Publication: 29 September 2021
Hamidu, K.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Kashere, P.M.B 0182, Gombe State – Nigeria
Panwal, E. F.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Kashere, P.M.B 0182, Gombe State – Nigeria
Saleh, A.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Kashere, P.M.B 0182, Gombe State – Nigeria
Joseph, M.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Kashere, P.M.B 0182, Gombe State – Nigeria
Tarki, S. K.
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Kashere, P.M.B 0182, Gombe State – Nigeria
[1] Anyamene, N. C. & Ojiagu, D. K. (2014). Bacteriological Analysis of Sachet Water Sold in Akwa Metropolis, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences, Vol.3. pp20-122
[2] Bakker, K. (2010). Governance Failure and the World’s Urban Water Crisis. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. ISBN: 978-8014-7464-4,320 pages, US$24.95.
[3] Bhattacharya, G.K. & Johnson, R. A. (1977). Statistical Concepts and Methods. John Wiley and Sons Publishers, NewYork, USA. pp639
[4] Bleisch, B. (2006). The Human Right to Water – Normative Foundations and Ethical Implications. Ethique et economique. Vol.4, No.2 pp1-23.
[5] Bose, A. A. (2015). Analysis of Cross-Border Cattle Trade between Nigeria and Niger Republic. Ph.D.Unpublished Thesis. Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, Nigeria. pp21-46
[6] Chou, C.C. (2009). Fuzzy Economic Order Quantity Inventory Model. International Journal of Innovative Computing Information and Control. Vol.5, No.9 pp2585-2592
[7] Eboh, E. C. (2009). Social and Economic Research: Principles and Methods, African Institute for Applied Economics, Enugu, Nigeria. Nigeria. pp262.
[8] Everline, C. & Samson, K. (2019). Effect of Inventory Management System on Firm Performance- An Empirical Study. International Journal of Innovative Science and Reseach Technology. Vol.4, No.9 pp91-100 ISSN No.:- 2456-2165
[9] Jackson, S. (2011). Aboriginal access to water in Australia: opportunities and constraints. In Water Resources Planning and Management, edited by R. Quentin Grafton, and Karen
[10] Hussey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[11] Koutsiannis, A. (1987). Theory of Econometrics. Second edition . ELBS Macmillian Press Ltd., 31-139 pp.
[12] Kurland, N. B. & Zell, D. (2010).Water and Business: A Taxonomy and Review of the Research. Organization and Environment. Vol.23, No.3 pp316-353.
[13] Ogunwale, A. B., Ayinde, A. T., Abdulazzez, A. & Adedayo, R. O. (2002). Agricultural Economics and Statistics for Undergraduate Student. Published and Printed: Flash Printer, 110 New Court Road Gyadi-Gyadi, Kano, Kano state. ISBN: 984-056-583-3. pp112
[14] Olayemi, J. K. (2004). Principles of Microeconomics for Applied Economics Analysis. Siko Publishers, Ibadan, Nigeria. pp 67-123
[15] Omoniyi, B.B . & Abu, Z. (2012). The Economic Analysis of the Profitability of Small Scale Pure Water Production in Nigeria: a Case Study of JABU Packaged Water Factory. Afro Asian Journal of Social Science. Vol.3, No.34 . pp2229-5313.
[16] Thliza, L. A., Khan, A.U., Dangora, D. B. & Yahaya, A. (2015). Study of Some Bacterial Load of Some Brands of Sachet Water Sold in Ahmadu Bello University (Main Campus) Zaria, Nigeria. International Journal of Current Science. Vol.14 pp19-97
[17] Titus, O. G., Olise, M. C. & Eze, G. A. (2008). Research Methods in Business MangementSciences. Iyke Ventures Production Enugu, Nigeria, pp 258.
[18] Stockton, D.J. & Liam, Q. (1993). Identifying Economic Order Quantity Using Genetic Algorithms. International Journal of Operational and Production Management. Vol.13, No.92 pp149
[19] UN (1992). United Nation. “International Conference on Water and the Environment: Development Issues of the 21th Century” 26-31 January 1992, Dublin, Ireland.
Hamidu, K., Panwal, E. F., Saleh, A., Joseph, M. and Tarki, S. K., “Factors Influencing Sachet Table Water Marketing in Gombe State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.188-190 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/188-190.pdf
Download PDF
Influence of iTax System on Service Delivery at the Kenya Revenue Authority
Samuel Otieno John – September 2021 – Page No.: 191-197
iTax system provides a convenient and efficient way of improving revenue collection and transparency in fiscal administration. This study aimed at determining the effect of the itax system on service delivery by the Kenya Revenue Authority in Eldoret Station. The study used a stratified random sampling technique to sample 37 Kenya Revenue Authority employees in Eldoret stations. The data were analyzed by use of descriptive statistics and regression techniques. The empirical results of the study showed that iTax stability was statistically significant with a (p-value =0.003), iTax security had a significant association with service delivery (p-value=0.001), and iTax technical skills also had a substantial relationship with service delivery with a (p-value =.066). The study concluded that iTax systems affect service delivery at KRA in Eldoret station due to a robust statistical association between the iTax systems and service delivery. The study recommended that the Kenya Revenue Authority should establish tight policy measures to curb the issues associated with iTax insecurity and finally employ staff with technical knowledge and skills on the iTax system.
Page(s): 191-197 Date of Publication: 30 September 2021
Samuel Otieno John
Department of Agricultural Economics and Natural Resource Management, Moi University, Kenya
[1] Addison, T., & Levin, J. (2014). The determinants of tax revenue in sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 6(10), 97-121.
[2] Auyat, M. (2013). E Tax Service System and Its Adoption at Uganda Revenue Authority. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 2(4), 36–39.
[3] Azmi, A., & Bee, N. (2011). The Acceptance of the e-Filing System by Malaysian Taxpayers : A Simplified Model. Electronic Journal of E-Government, 8(1), 13–22.
[4] Azmi, A., Sapiei, N. S., Mustapha, M. Z., & Abdullah, M. (2016). SMEs’ tax compliance costs and IT adoption: the case of a value-added tax. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 23, 1-13.
[5] Davidson, P. (2015). Post Keynesian theory and policy: A realistic analysis of the market oriented capitalist economy. NY: Edward Elgar Publishing.
[6] Geetha, R., & Sekar, M. (2012). E-Filing of Income Tax : Awareness and Satisfaction level of individual Tax payers in Coimbatore city , India. Research Journal of Management Sciences, 1(4), 6–11.
[7] Gitaru, K., (2017). The Impact of System Automation on revenue collection in Kenya (A case study of Simba). The University of Nairobi, Kenya
[8] Hussein, R., Mohamed, N., Ahlan, A. R., Mahmud, M., & Aditiawarman, U. (2010). An Integrated Model on Online Tax Adoption in Malaysia. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 3(2), 1–16.
[9] Ibrahim, I. (2012). Factors Underpinning Usage Behaviour of an Electronic Filing System: The Case of Malaysian Personal Taxpayers. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 4(3), 1–21.
[10] Jepkorir C.B., Otieno S.J., Dr. WakhuWamunga F., and Dr. Serem D., (2019). “Prevalence of Under-Nutrition and Food Security among the Elderly in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya” IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 24, Issue 7, Ser. 4 (July. 2019) 29-34 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. DOI: 10.9790/0837-2407042934. Available online at http://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jhss/pages/24(7)Series-4.html
[11] Kamarulzaman, Y., & Azmi, A. A. C. (2010). Tax E-filing Adoption in Malaysia : A Conceptual Model. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 3(4), 25–29.
[12] Kenya Revenue Authority (2012): “Annual Revenue Performance Report FY 2004/05,” KRA, Eldoret, Kenya.
[13] Kenya Revenue Authority (2015): “Annual Revenue Performance Report FY 2014/15,” KRA, Eldoret, Kenya.
[14] Kiring’a, S.E and Jagomgo A., (2017). Impact of online tax compliance among small and medium enterprises (SME) in Kibwezi Sub County in Kenya, International Journal of Current Research, 9(10), 451966-45206.
[15] Korir, J., Adoyo, P., Isaac, N. Aila, F.O., Asewe., and Momanyi, G. (2015). Determinance of tax compliance among small tax payers in western Kenya, Greener Journal of Economics and Accountancy, 4(1), 9-20.
[16] Lai, M., & Choong, K. (2010). Motivators, Barriers and Concerns in Adoption of Electronic Filing System: Survey Evidence from Malaysian Professional Accountants. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 3(4), 10–15.
[17] Luchinga, L. (2014). The Effect of Working Capital Management on the Profitability of Agricultural Firms Listed in Nairobi Securities Exchange. Journal of Business and Management, 2(1), 37–45.
[18] Lukorito, G. M. (2012). Information Security Threats and E-Government Initiatives at the Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA). International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 2(2), 7–9.
[19] Lukwata, H. (2011). The Influence of Electronic Tax Filing System and Tax Compliance and Tax Collection. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 3(2), 5–7.
[20] Mandola, V. (2013). Factors Influencing the Adoption and Use of Integrated Tax Management System by Medium and Small Taxpayers in Nairobi Central Business District, Kenya. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 2(2), 12–15.
[21] Mugo, F. (2013). The Effect of Electronic Tax Registers on Value Added Tax Administration in Kenya: A Case Study of Hotels in Nairobi County. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 3(4), 15–17.
[22] Muhangi, D. (2012). Taxation and Growth of Small Scale Business Enterprises in Uganda: A Case Study of Kikuubo Market, Central Division in Kampala District. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(3), 45–47.
[23] Nakiwala, A. (2010). Tax Competencies, Compliance Costs and Income Tax Compliance Among SMEs in Uganda. International Journal of Business and Public Management, 1(2), 25–27.
[24] Nyaga, K. (2015). The impact of Mobile Money Services on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in an urban town in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 3(2), 23–24.
[25] Odongo, B. (2014). Impact of Taxes on Performance of Small Scale Business Enterprises in Ntungamo Town Council. Journal of Economics and International Business Research, 3(4), 25–27.
[26] OECD Employment Outlook, (2012). SMEs: Employment, Innovation and Growth – The Washington Workshop, Paris.
[27] Osebe, R. (2013). An Analysis of Factors Affecting Tax Compliance in the Real Estate Sector in Kenya: A Case Study of Real Estate Owners in Nakuru Town. Journal of Emerging Issues in Economics, Finance and Banking (JEIEFB), 1(4), 7–9.
[28] Pascal, P. A., (2014). Presence of Transnational Corporations in Africa: An Assessment of Tax Justice and Poverty Implications in the Light of Catholic Social Teaching.
[29] Ramoo, V. (2006). Determinants of Perceived Ease of Use of E-Filing. Journal of Emerging Issues in Economics, Finance and Banking (JEIEFB), 3(1), 17–20.
[30] Razak, M. (2009). Taxpayers’ Attitude In Using E-Filing System: Is There Any Significant Difference Among Demographic Factors? Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 14(1), 1–13.
[31] Roger, G., (2010). Taxation in Developing Countries: Six Case Studies and Policy Implications
[32] Simiyu, D. (2013). Challenges Affecting Collection of Turnover Tax in Nairobi County-Kenya. International Journal of Business and Social Research, 3(4), 25–27.
[33] Van Parys, S., & James, S. (2010). The effectiveness of tax incentives in attracting investment: panel data evidence from the CFA Franc zone. International Tax and Public Finance, 17(4), 400-429.
[34] Veras, J., & Preziosi, M., (2011). Behavioural investigation on the factors that determine adoption of an electronic toll collection system: Passenger car users. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 19(3), 498-509.
[35] Wangu, M. P. (2011). Access to itax services and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises. International Journal of Business and Public Management, 4(2), 17–19.
Samuel Otieno John, “Influence of iTax System on Service Delivery at the Kenya Revenue Authority” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.191-197 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5923
Download PDF
Information Communication Technology Use In Academic Libraries Of Selected Tertiary Institutions In Ghana
Bernard Alando, Francis Nashiru Ewuntomah – September 2021 Page No.: 198-212
Academic libraries are critical contributors to knowledge generation which serve a wide spectrum of knowledge seekers. The shift from print to digital information has a high impact on all components of the academic library system. This study examined the factors affecting ICT usage by academic libraries in selected tertiary institutions in Ghana. A total of eight (8) tertiary institutions were selected for the study, with ninety-six (96) respondents made up of librarians, academic staff and students. Questionnaires were used to elicit the relevant data for the study. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis tools. The findings suggest that, there is a reasonable level of awareness among libraries of academic institutions about the potential benefits of ICT. Despite this, the current usage in most institutions was found to be unsophisticated. The study also identified budget constraints for ICT investment, inadequate commitment by management and erratic supply of electricity as major factors affecting usage. The study therefore concluded that more needs to be done in terms of policy commitment, training and upgrading of ICT infrastructure in order to improve the adoption and usage of ICT in academic libraries in Ghana.
Page(s): 198-212 Date of Publication: 30 September 2021
Bernard Alando
University for Development Studies
Francis Nashiru Ewuntomah
Northern Development Authority
[1] Abels, E. (2003). Competencies for information professionals of the 21st century. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from Special Libraries Association: www.sla.org/content/learn/comp2003/index.cfm 2.
[2] Alemna,A.A, Ksiedu . C. O and AntwiI.K. (1996). Library facilities in polytechnics of Ghana in view of their new role as tertiary institutions: Aslib proceedings, Vol.48, no10.
[3] Academic Library (2010), February 15). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 15, 2010.
[4] Adeniran, P. (2011). User satisfaction with academic library services: Academic staff and students’ perspectives. International Journal of Library and Information Science. Vol.3 (10), 209-216.
[5] Adetona, C. O. (2010). Resources utilization in public libraries in Nigeria: the case of Ibusa and Issele-Uku branch libraries users in Delta State. International Journal of Research in Education vol.7 (2) 1-10.
[6] Afolabi, A, F and Abidoye, J.A (2011). Integration of Information and Communication Technology in library operations towards effective library services. Proceeding of 1st International technology, education and environment conference © Africa Society for Scientific Research (ASSR).
[7] Aguolu. I. E. (1996). Nigerian University Libraries: What Future? The International Information and Library Review, 28(3), 261.
[8] Agyen-Gyasi, K, Lamptey, R. and Frempong, A. (2010). Academic librarians’ role in maximizing library use in Ghana. dspace.knust.edu.gh:8080/ [accessed: December 17, 2012].
[9] Aina, L. O. (2004). Library and information science text for Africa. Ibadan: Third World Information Services.
[10] Ajayi, G. O. (2002). Information age virtual technology- opportunities and challenges to Africa. Paper presented at: UNESCO National Workshop on the Pilot Virtual University Laboratory Project, the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife A, 9-12 September.
[11] Amarjeet Kaur Bhangu (2013). Use of ICT in academic libraries. International journal of scientific Engineering and technology volume No. 2, issue No. 11pp: 1162-1167.
[12] Anyim, W. O., (2018). E-Library Resources and Services: Improvement and Innovation of Access and Retrieval for Effective Research Activities in University E-libraries in Kogi State Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 1647. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/1647
[13] Banting, G. et al (2008).Ensuring bright future for research libraries: A guide for vice-chancellors and senior institutional managers. www.rin.ac.uk./bright-future-libraries [accessed: November 13, 2012].
[14] Blurton, C. (1999). New Directions of ICT-Use in Education. World Communication and Information Report. UNESCO.
[15] Bozimo, D.O (1983). Nigerian universities li brary needs od academics as basis for co-operative planning. Journal of librarianship 15 (2): 123-125
[16] Branscomb, L.M., (1981). In: Nasiruddin, M., (2001). Information Infrastructure in Balangladesh: Need for a National Approach, Rajshahi University studies, Part-C, 9:45.
[17] Brown, C. M. (2007). The university librarian, the key to every university’s success. Daily Graphic. Thursday, November 15.
[18] Bryman, A. (2008) Social Research Methods, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press Inc., New York.
[19] Buckland, M (1992). Resdesigning library services: A manifesto. Chicago: ALA Books.
[20] Capron, H. L. (2000). Computers: Tools for an Information Age. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
[21] Chalukya B.V.,“Academic Libraries and User Education” e-Library Science Research Journal, Volume 3, Issue 5, March 2015 , Online & Print.
[22] Chasenga, J, (2004). ICT in Libraries: An overview and general introduction to ICT in Libraries in Africa. Paper presented at INASP ICT workshop, held at Johannesburg, South Africa.
[23] Chisenga, J. (1995). The Skills of Information Technology in Zambian Libraries.
[24] Chisenga, J. (2004).The Use of ICTs in African Public Libraries: A Survey of Ten Countries in Anglophone Africa. Oxford: International network for the availability of Scientific Publications (INASP).
[25] Communication Media and Electronic Revolution, (1996). Aruna Zacharia (ED), New Delhi: Kaniska Publishers, pp: 66.
[26] Creswell, J.W & Tashakkori, A (2007), Editorial: differing perspectives on mixed methods manuscripts. Journal of mixed research, 1 2: 107-111.
[27] Creswell, J.W &Garret, A.L (20085). The movement of mixed methods research and the role of educator. South African journal of education, 28:321-333.
[28] Curzon, Susan; Jennie Quinonez-Skinner (9 September 2009). Academic Libraries. Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences. pp. 11–22. doi:10.1081/E-ELIS3-120044525. ISBN 978-0-8493-9712-7. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
[29] Daniel, J. O. (2000). Virtual Library for Nigerian Libraries. Nigerian Libraries, 36(2), 56.
[30] David, T. L. (2001). ICT for Library and Information Professionals: A Training Package for Developing Countries (ICTLIP). Retrieved June 26, 2009, from e-Library Download Page: http://www2.unescobkk.org/elib/publications/ictlip/ index.htm
[31] Dike, V. (2005). More than Computers Information Technology in Library and Information Service Education, Ibadan: NALISE 50-59.
[32] Doherty J. M. (1997). “A Survey of Computer Use in the New Zealand Building and Construction Industry” Electronic Journal of Information Technology in Construction – ITCon Vol 2 (http://www./itcon.org/1997/).
[33] Dunmill, M. and Arslangaic, A. (2006). ICT in Arts Education. Literature Review. New Zealand, University of Canterbury.
[34] Evans. G. E., Amodeo, A. J and Carter, T. L. (1999). Introduction to library public services (6th edn.). Colorado: Libraries Unlimited.
[35] Ezeani, Chinwe Nwogo and Igwesi, uzoamaka, (2012). “Using Social Madia for Dynamic Library Service Delivery: The Nigeria Experience” Library Philosophy and practice (e-journal). Paper 814.
[36] Farag et.al, (2009). Usage of Information Technology in construction firms; Malaysian Construction Induatry. European journal of scientific research, Vol. 28 No3, pp 412-429.
[37] Feldman, Robert S. (2000). P.O.W.E.R. learning: strategies for success in college and life. Boston, IL: McGraw- Hill.
[38] Field, B and Ofori, G (1988).Construction and Economic Development – a case study. Third World Planning Review, 10(1), 41-50 Flowers (1996).Using computer technology on site – the advantages, 2(8).
[39] Gallimore, A. (1996). A public library IT strategy for the millennium. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science. Vol. 28 No. 3, 149-57.
[40] Gardner, B. (1994). Ensuring Successful Information Technology Utilization in Developing Countries. Garborone: Botswana (Pty) Limited, Botswana, 12-20.
[41] GNA story (2011). (http: www.ghana news agency.org/features/-education –sector-dev’t-key-to-successful-poverty intervention-in-three-northern-region–32070) Published: 2011-08-08 21:37:93 © Ghana News Agency.
[42] Goswami, P. R. (2009). Academic librarianship in india: exploring strategic intent and core competencies in the present era. Retrieved June 7, 2010, from International Conference on Academic Libraries ICADL 2009: http://crl.du.ac.in/ical09/papers /index_files/ical-57_148_324_2_RV.pdf
[43] Haliso, Y. (2007). Internet availability and use in academic libraries in south west Nigeria. Babcock Journal of Management and Social Science, Vol.5 No.2.January 2007 Special Edition.pp:246-261.
[44] Hamelink, C, J. (1997). New Information and Communication technologies: Development and Cultural changes.
[45] Harrison, C. and Beenham, R. (1985).The basics of librarianship. (2nd edn) London: Clive Bingley Limited.
[46] Hussaini S., Haruna M., Muhammad A., (2021), Application and Use of ICT in University Library Services: A Panacea for Conventional Library Services. Journal of Information Technology and Sciences. Vol-7, Issue-1 (January-April, 2021). Doi.org/10.46610/JOTS.2021.v07i01.001
[47] Husain, S.,Nazim, M. (2015). Use of different information and communication technologies in Indian academic libraries. Library review, 64 (1/2), 135-153. https;//doi.org/108/LR-06-2014-0070.
[48] Idowu, A. O. (2011). Effective Library Services in the College, A paper deliver at the 1st Library Workshop at Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo.
[49] Igbeka (2008), Adebisi (2009) and Uwaifor (2010). Enumerated the Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Library Operations and Services thus: from pp. 2-8.
[50] Islam, M. S, and Islam, M. N. (2007). Use of ICT in Libraries: An Empirical Study of Selected Libraries in Bangladesh. Library Philosophy and Practice, available at http: //todde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde21/articles/islam.htm, accessed June 2010.
[51] Issele-Uku branch libraries users in Delta State. International Journal of Research in Education vol.7 (2) 1-10.
[52] Khan J., (2016), “impact of information communication technology on library and its services” International Journal of Research – Granthaalayah, Vol. 4, No. 9 (2016): 97-100.
[53] Kawatra, P. S. (2000). 2000 Plus: Library and information systems in the 21st century. New Delhi: Crest Publishing House.
[54] Krasner-Khait, B. (2001). Survivor: the history of the library. www.history-magazine.com/libraries.html. [Accessed: April 18, 2009].
[55] Kumar, K. (1987). Library administration and management. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd.
[56] Kumar, P. S. (2003). Information Technology: Basics. New Delhi: B R Publishing Corporation.
[57] Lesikar, R.V. and Petit, J. D. (1995). Report writing for business.(9th edn.). Chicago: Irwin.
[58] Md. Shariful Islam and Md. Nazmul Islam, (2006). Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in libraries: A New Dimension in librarianship. A sign journal of information technology 5(8): 809-817, 2006©medwell, 2006.
[59] Nwankwo. A.N. (2006). The Need for ICT Education for Effective Library Work and Services, paper presented at the 2006 Department of Library and Information Science Seminar, 5th – 10th February.
[60] Ogunsola L.A (2004). Nigeria University libraries and the challenges of globalization: The way forward.V.5 no 2-3 (Fall 2004).
[61] Okiy, R.B.(2005). Strengthening Information Provision in Nigerian university Libraries through Information communication technologies. The Electronic Library 23.3: 311-318.
[62] Onohwakpor, J.E. (2006). The Role of Library in the Sustenance Functional Library and Community Development. International Journal of Research in Education 3(1) 60-64.
[63] Osundina, O. (1973). The Relationship between Information Science and Librarianship: a viewpoint. Nigerian Libraries, 9(1&2), 47.
[64] Patil, D.B., S.S Kumbarand and H. Krishnananda, (1994). Information Technology: Current Trends In; Patil,D.B. and Kooganuramath, M.M. Library and Information Science, New Delhi: Ashis Publishing, pp:33.
[65] Peyala, V. (2011). Impact of using information technology in central university libraries in India: Results of a survey. Program, 45(3), 308–322. https://doi.org/10.1108/00330331111151610
[66] Rahaman, L., (2003). Global Context of ICT Development and Bangladesh, The Proceeding of the National Conference of Inter-university IT Professional in Bangladesh, pp:1-22.
[67] Rana, H.K. (2009). Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Academic Libraries in Punjab.
[68] Rowley, J, E. and P. Lea, (1987). Info Tech: A Guide for Young Professional Libraries, London: Remploy Ltd, pp: 3-5.
[69] Savio, R. (1990). Communication for development. Development Journal, 2, 7-8.
[70] Shaping the future:ASERL’s competencies for research librarians. Retrieved August 12, 2009, from ASERL: http://www.aserl.org/statements/competencies/ competencies.htm
[71] Shukla, Akhandanand, and Sialai, S. (2016). Information Communication Technology application in academic libraries. In Maurya, R.J. (Ed) “Future of academic libraries: Issues and challenges (pp.62-72). New Delhi: pentagon Press for (UPRTOU, ATLAHABAD)
[72] Shuva, N.Z. (2005). Implementing information and communication technology in public libraries in Bangladesh. The International Information and Library Review, 37,159-168.
[73] Stephen, G (2017) Utilization of ICT based resources and services in engineering college libraries case study of Sivagangai and Ramanathapuram Districts. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10603/184724
[74] The Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL). (2010, February 26,). Retrieved February 26, 2010 website.
[75] Tristnikov, V. N. (1970). Information. In Great Soviet Encyclopedia (Vol. 10, p. 274). New York: Macmillan.
[76] Ubogu, J. O. and Okiy, R. B (2007). Sources of funds in academic libraries in Delta State, Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practicehttp: //unlib.unl.edu/LPP/ [accessed: December 12, 2012].
[77] Ugwuanyi, C. F., Okwor, R. N. and Ezeji, E. C (2011). ‘‘Library space and place: nature, use and impact on academic library’’. International Journal of Library and Information Science vol.3 (5), 92-97.
[78] Whittaker, K. (1993). The basics of library-based user services. London: Library Association Publishing.
[79] Wolpert, A. (1999). Services to Remote Users: Marketing the Library’s Role. Library Trends 47.1:.34.
[80] Youngman, D. (1999). Library Staffing Considerations in the Age of Technology. Basic Elements for Managing Change.
Bernard Alando, Francis Nashiru Ewuntomah. “Information Communication Technology Use In Academic Libraries Of Selected Tertiary Institutions In Ghana” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.198-212 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5924
Download PDF
Global Business Infrastructure: Assimilation is Ineffective at the Cultural Level
Dr. Herbert J. DeGraffe, Jr. – September 2021 – Page No.: 213-215
Students of the world have diverse opinions on sociocultural issues, reflecting their perspectives. Developing an increased tolerance for the emerging understanding of diversity through various interpretations is compatible with citizenship education. Therefore, an individual, a group, or an organization is the second dimension of diversity control elements. Nevertheless, assimilation is ineffective at the cultural level through the primary dimension, but assimilation is more effective and processed at the second dimension with groups and organizational levels. Thereby the individual does not have to assimilate and lose their identity. Consistent with the broader usage of classical organizational theories, diversity refers to variability in structural, institutional traits within and across dimensional borders of organizations.
Page(s): 213-215 Date of Publication: 30 September 2021
Dr. Herbert J. DeGraffe, Jr.
Sports Advertising Associates, Inc. United Management Consortium
[1] Chen, X., Liu, D., & Portnoy, R. (2012). A Multilevel Investigation of Motivational Cultural Intelligence, Organizational Diversity Climate, and Cultural Sales: Evidence from U.S. Real Estate Firms. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(1), 93-106.
[2] Choi, Jungsoon (2010). Social Studies, Jun2010, Vol. 101 Issue 4, P174-178, 5p; DOI: 10.1080/00377990903284153 Subjects: Multicultural Education; SOCIAL Sciences — Study & Teaching; Diversity in Education; Citizenship; Tragedy (Trauma).
[3] Keengwe, Jared (2010). Early Childhood Education Journal, Oct2010, Vol. 38 Issue 3, P197-204, 8p; DOI: 10.1007/S10643-010-0401-5
[4] King, Dawson, West, Gilrane, Peddie & Bastin (2011); Why Organizational and Community Diversity Matter: Representativeness and The Emergence of Incivility and Organizational Performance, Academy of Management Journal 2011, Vol. 54, No. 6, 1103–1118. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.5465/Amj.2010.0016
[5] Knouse, S. (2009). Targeted Recruiting for Diversity: Strategy, Impression Management, Realistic Expectations, and Diversity Climate. International Journal of Management, 26(3), P. 347-353.
[6] McKay, Avery & Morris (2009) A Tale of Two Climates: Diversity Climate from Subordinates’ and Managers’ Perspectives and their Role in Store Unit Sales Performance; Personnel Psychology 2009, 62, 767–791.Emerging Understanding of Diversity 20
[7] Moreau & Peltier (2004); Cultural Diversity in the Movie Industry: A Cross-National Study; the Journal of Media Economics, 17(2), 123-143 Copyright 2004, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc Popovich, Paula.
[8] Wanous, John P., (1982), Academy of Management Review, Oct82, Vol. 7 Issue 4, P570-578, 9p, 2 Diagrams; DOI: 10.5465/AMR.1982.4285243
[9] Saz-Carranza, A., & Ospina, S. M. (2011). The Behavioral Dimension of Governing Interorganizational Goal-Directed Networks—Managing the Unity-Diversity Tension. Journal of Public Administration Research & Theory, 21(2), 327-365.
[10] Stevens, R., & Ogunji, E. (2011). Preparing Business Students for the Multicultural Work Environment of the Future: A Teaching Agenda. International Journal of Management, 28(2), 528-544.
[11] Tejeda (2008). A Resource Review for Diversity Film Media, Academy of Management Learning & Education, September 2008 P. 434-439; Thomas Jr., R. (1990). From Affirmative Action to Affirming Diversity. Harvard Business Review, 68(2), 107-117.
[12] Triana, M., García, M., & Colella, A. (2010). Managing Diversity: How Organizational Efforts to Support Diversity Moderate the Effects of Perceived Racial Discrimination on Affective Commitment. Personnel Psychology, 63(4), 817-843.
[13] Walker, P. (2006). Business Schools Expand Global Reach. CNN.Com World Business Retrieved from Http://Edition.Cnn.Com/2006/BUSINESS/12/25/Execed.Global3
Dr. Herbert J. DeGraffe, Jr., “Global Business Infrastructure: Assimilation is Ineffective at the Cultural Level” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.213-215 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5925
Download PDF
Personality Factors, Cognitive Distortions, Core Self Evaluation and Health Seeking Behaviour among Residents of Makurdi Metropolis
Rimande Ubandoma Joel, MBBS; Dzer Benjamin Terzungwe, PhD, Tomen Egbe Agu, PhD – September 2021 – Page No.: 216-225
This study investigated personality factors, cognitive distortion, core self-evaluation and health seeking behavior amongst residents of Makurdi metropolis. 138 (45.2%) were male while 167(54.8%) were female. Their ages range from 16-60years. The study employed the survey research design. The Big five inventory, the cognitive distortion questionnaire, core self-evaluation and health protective behavior scale were used for data collection; statistical analysis involved the use of multiple linear regression, simple linear regression and hierarchical multiple regression. Findings indicated that personality factors jointly predicted health seeking behavior among residents of Makurdi metropolis whereas on independent basis, only consciousness and extraversion proved to be significant. Also, cognitive distortions, did not predict health seeking behavior. Core self-evaluation jointly predicted health seeking behavior whereas independently, non-accept, impulse, strategies and clarity predicted health seeking behavior. Finally, personality factors, cognitive distortions and core self-evaluation jointly predicted health seeking behavior. It was recommended that, personality factors of individuals be taken into consideration as it is found to be a significant predictor of health seeking behavior in this study. Finally significant others are encouraged to teach their relations on core self-evaluation as it is found to be a significant predictor of health seeking behavior as reported in this study.
Page(s): 216-225 Date of Publication: 30 September 2021
Rimande Ubandoma Joel, MBBS
Department of Public Health, Taraba State University, Jalingo
Dzer Benjamin Terzungwe, PhD
Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi
Tomen Egbe Agu, PhD
Department of Public Health, Taraba State University, Jalingo
[1] Alarcon, G., Eschleman, K. J., and Bowling, N. A. (2009). Relationships between personality variables and burnout: a meta-analysis. Work Stress 23, 244–263.
[2] Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A psychological interpretation. New York: Henry Holt & Company.
[3] Ashton, M.C., Lee, K., 2007. Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the Hexaco model of personality structure. Personality and Social Psychology Review 11, 150–166.
[4] Bandura, A. J. (1977). Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
[5] Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. New York, NY: Free Press.
[6] Baumeister, R. F. (2010). “The self,” in Advanced Social Psychology: The State of the Science, eds R. F. Baumeister and E. J. Finkel (New York, NY: Oxford University Press), 139–175.
[7] Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., and Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness,or healthier lifestyles? Psychol. Sci. Public Int. 4, 1–44. doi: 10.1111/1529-1006.
[8] Beck, A.T. & Weishaar, M.E. (1989). Cognitive therapy. In A. Freeman, K.M. Simon, L.E. Beutler, & H. Arkowitz (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of cognitive therapy (pp. 21-36). New York: Plenum Press.
[9] Block, J. (1995). A contrarian view of the five-factor approach to personality description. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 187‒215.
[10] Bogg, T., and Roberts, B. W. (2004). Conscientiousness and health-related behaviors: a meta-analysis of the leading behavioral contributors to mortality.Psychol. Bull. 130, 887–919.
[11] Booth-Kewley, S., and Vickers, R. R. Jr. (1994). Associations between major domains of personality and health behavior. J. Pers. 62, 281–298.
[12] Brewer, E. W., and Shapard, L. (2004). Employee burnout: a meta-analysis of therelationship between age or years of experience. Hum. Res. Dev. Rev. 3, 102–123.
[13] Burnout in Health Care, ed. J. R. B. Halbesleben (Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Pub Inc), 65–78.
[14] Burns, D.D. (1999). The feeling good handbook (Revised ed.). New York: Plume Books.
[15] Burns, David D. (1989). The Feeling Good Handbook: Using the New Mood Therapy in Everyday Life. New York: W. Morrow. ISBN 978-0-688-01745-3.
[16] Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
[17] Byrne, A., Dionisi, A. M., Barling, J., Akers, A., Robertson, J., Lys, R., et al. (2014). The depleted leader: the influence of leaders’ diminished psychological resources on leadership behaviors. Leadersh. Q. 25, 344–357.
[18] Cattell, R. B. (1943a). The description of personality. 1. Foundations of trait measurement. Psychological Review, 50, 559‒594.
[19] Cattell, R. B. (1943a). The description of personality. 1. Foundations of trait measurement. Psychological Review, 50, 559‒594.
[20] Cattell, R. B. (1943b). The description of personality: Basic traits resolved into clusters. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 38, 476‒506.
[21] Cattell, R. B. (1945). The description of personality: Principles and findings in a factor analysis. American Journal of Psychology, 58, 69‒90.
[22] Chang, C. H. D., Ferris, D. L., Johnson, R. E., Rosen, C. C., and Tan, J. A. (2012). Core self-evaluations: a review and evaluation of the literature. J. Manag. 38, 81–128. doi: 10.1177/0149206311419661
[23] Christian, M. S., Bradley, J. C., Wallace, J. C., and Burke, M. J. (2009). Workplace safety: a meta-analysis of the roles of person and situation factors. J. Appl. Psychol. 94, 1103–1127.
[24] Conner M, Norman P. Predicting health behaviour. UK: McGraw-Hill Education; 2008.
[25] Dahlen, E. R. & White, R. P. (2006) The Big Five factors, sensation seeking, and driving anger in the prediction of unsafe driving. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(5), pp. 903–915.
[26] Demerouti, E., and Bakker, A. B. (2008). “The oldenburg burnout inventory: a good alternative to measure burnout (and engagement),” in Handbook of Stress and
[27] Demerouti, E., and Nachreiner, F. (1998). Zur spezifität von burnout für dienstleistungsberufe: fakt oder artefakt? [the specificity of burnout in human services: fact or artifact?]. Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft 52, 82–89.
[28] Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., and Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands–resources model of burnout. J. Appl. Psychol. 86, 499–512.
[29] Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Vardakou, I., and Kantas, A. (2003). The convergentvalidity of two burnout instruments: a multitrait–multimethod analysis. Eur. J. Psychol. Assess. 19, 12–23.
[30] Dordinejad, F. G. & Shiran, M. A. G. (2011) Personality traits and drug usage among addicts. Literacy Information and Computer Education Journal, 2(2), pp. 402-405.
[31] Elder, G. H. (1974). Children of the depression. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
[32] Ferris, D. L., Rosen, C. R., Johnson, R. E., Brown, D. J., Risavy, S. D., and Heller, D. (2011). Approach or avoidance (or both?): integrating core self-evaluations within an approach/avoidance framework. Pers. Psychol. 64, 137–161.
[33] Franke, F., Ducki, A., and Felfe, J. (2015). “Gesundheitsförderliche führung [Health-promoting leadership],” in Trends der Psychologischen Führungsforschung: Neue Konzepte, Methoden und Erkenntnisse, ed. J. Felfe (Göttingen: Hogrefe), 253–263.
[34] Franke, F., Felfe, J., and Pundt, A. (2014). The impact of health-oriented leadership on follower health: development and test of a new instrument measuring health-promoting leadership. Zeitschrift für Personalforschung 28, 139–161.
[35] Franke, F., Vincent, S., and Felfe, J. (2011). “Gesundheitsbezogene führung [Health-oriented leadership],” in Gesundheitsförderung und Gesundheitsmanagement in der Arbeitswelt: Ein Handbuch, eds E. Bamberg, A. Ducki, and A.-M. Metz (Göttingen: Hogrefe), 371–392.
[36] French D, Vedhara K, Kaptein AA, Weinman J. Health Psychology. UK:Wiley- Blackwell; 2010.
[37] Galton, F. (1884). Measurement of character. Fortnightly Review, 36, 179‒185.
[38] Glick, W. H. (1985). Conceptualizing and measuring organizational and psychological climate: pitfalls in multilevel research. Acad. Manag. Rev. 10, 601–616.
[39] Graen, G. B., and Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25years: applying a multi-level multi-domain perspective. Leadersh. Q. 6, 219–247.
[40] Gurt, J., Schwennen, C., and Elke, G. (2011). Health-specific leadership: is there an association between leader consideration for the health of employees and their strain and well-being? Work Stress 25, 108–127.
[41] Gurt, J., Uhle, T., and Schwennen, C. (2010). “Fragebogen zum arbeits- und gesundheitsschutz—betriebliche gesundheitsförderung [occupational health and safety questionnaire—occupational health promotion],” in Handbuch Wirtschaftspsychologischer Testverfahren, eds W. Sarges, H. Wottawa, and C. Roos (Lengerich: Pabst), 45–54.
[42] Harms, P. D., Credé, M., Tynan, M., Leon, M., and Jeung, W. (2017). Leadership and stress: a meta-analytic review. Leadership. Q. 28, 178–194.
[43] Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-based Approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
[44] Helmond, Petra; Overbeek, Geertjan; Brugman, Daniel; Gibbs, John C. (2015). “A Meta-Analysis on Cognitive Distortions and Externalizing Problem Behavior” (PDF). Criminal Justice and Behavior. 42 (3): 245–262.
[45] Higgins, E. T. (1998). Promotion and prevention: regulatory focus as a motivational principle. Adv. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 30, 1–46.
[46] Higgins, E. T., Roney, C. J. R., Crowe, E., and Hymes, C. (1994). Ideal versus ought predilections for approach and avoidance distinct self-regulatory systems. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 66, 276–286.
[47] Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: a new attempt at conceptualizing stress. Am. Psychol. 44, 513–524.
[48] Hobfoll, S. E. (2001). The influence of culture, community, and the nested-self in the stress process: advancing conservation of resources theory. Appl. Psychol. 50, 337–421.
[49] Hofmann, D. A., Morgeson, F. P., and Gerras, S. J. (2003). Climate as a moderator of the relationship between leader-member exchange and content specific citizenship: safety climate as an exemplar. J. Appl. Psychol. 88, 170–178.
[50] Hu, J., Wang, Z., Liden, R. C., and Sun, J. (2012). The influence of leader core selfevaluation on follower reports of transformational leadership. Leadersh. Q. 23, 860–868.
[51] Judge, T. A., and Bono, J. E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability with job satisfaction and job performance: a meta-analysis. J. Appl. Psychol. 86, 80–92.
[52] Judge, T. A., Erez, A., Bono, J. E., and Thoresen, C. J. (2003). The core selfevaluations scale: development of a measure. Pers. Psychol. 56, 303–331.
[53] Kromm, W., Frank, G., and Gadinger, M. (2009). “Sich tot arbeiten und dabei gesund bleiben [working to death while staying healthy],” in Unternehmensressource Gesundheit: Weshalb die Folgen Schlechter Führung Kein Arzt Heilen Kann, eds W. Kromm and G. Frank (Düsseldorf: Symposion Publishing GmbH), 27–52.
[54] Kulbok PA, Cox CL. Dimensions of adolescent health behavior. J Adolesc Health. 2002;31(5):394–400.
[55] Lanaj, K., Chang, C. H. D., and Johnson, R. E. (2012). Regulatory focus and workrelated outcomes: a review and meta-analysis. Psychol. Bull. 138, 998–1034.
[56] Lazarus, R. S., and Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York NY: Springer.
[57] Leary, M. R., and MacDonald, G. (2003). “Individual differences in self-esteem: a review and theoretical integration,” in Handbook of Self and Identity, eds M. R.Leary and J. P. Tangney (New York, NY: Guilford Press), 401–418.
[58] Luszczynska, A., and Schwarzer, R. (2003). Planning and self-efficacy in the adoption and maintenance of breast self-examination: a longitudinal study on self-regulatory cognitions. Psychol. Health 18, 93–108.
[59] Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., and Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 52, 397–422. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397
[60] McCrae, R. R. and Costa, P. T. (2003). Personality in adulthood: A five-factor theory perspective (2nd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
[61] McGee, R., and Williams, S. (2000). Does low self-esteem predict health compromising behaviours among adolescents? J. Adolesc. 23, 569–582.
[62] Mischel, W., and Shoda, Y. (1995). A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychol. Rev. 102, 246–268.
[63] Norman, P., Bennett, P., Smith, C., and Murphy, S. (1998). Health locus of control and health behaviour. J. Health Psychol. 3, 171–180.
[64] Norman, W. T. (1963). Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: Replicated factor structure in peer nomination personality ratings. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66, 574‒583.
[65] Ononokpono DN, Odimegwu CO(2014) Determinants of Maternal Health Care Utilization in Nigeria: a multilevel approach. Pan Afr Med J.; 17 Suppl 1():2.
[66] Onwujekwe O, Onoka C, Uzochukwu B, Hanson K (2009). Constraints to universal coverage: inequities in health service use and expenditures for different health conditions and providers. Int J Equity Health. 2011 Nov 13; 10():50.
[67] Pandey KR, Jha AK, Dhungana R, Lamsal R. Health seeking behavior of parents for children with pneumonia. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2009;48(174):131.
[68] Podsakoff, P. M.,MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., and Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J. Appl. Psychol. 88, 879–903.
[69] Prochaska, J. O., and DiClemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: toward an integrative model of change. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 51, 390–395.
[70] Raynor, D. A. & Levine, H. (2009) Associations between the fivefactor model of personality and health behaviors among college students. Journal of American College Health, 58(1), pp. 73-82. Benjamin, L. & Wulfert, E. (2005) Dispositional correlates of addictive behaviors in college women: binge eating and heavy drinking. Eating Behaviors, 6(3), pp. 197–209.
[71] Resick, C. J., Whitman, D. S., Weingarden, S. M., and Hiller, N. J. (2009). The bright-side and the dark-side of CEO personality: examining core selfevaluations, narcissism, transformational leadership, and strategic influence. J. Appl. Psychol. 94, 1365–1381.
[72] Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychol. Monogr. 80, 1–28.
[73] Ryckman, R. M. (2013) Theories of Personality (10th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing
[74] Rosenstock, I.M. (1974) Historical origins of the health belief model, Health Education Monographs, 2, 328–335
[75] Schaufeli, W. B., and Taris, T. W. (2014). “A critical review of the job demands–resources model: implications for improving work and health,” in Bridging Occupational, Organizational and Public Health: A Transdisciplinary Approach, eds G. F. Bauer and O. Hämmig (Dordrecht: Springer Science C Business Media), 43–68.
[76] Schröder-Abé, M., Rudolph, A., and Schütz, A. (2007). High implicit self-esteem is not necessarily advantageous: discrepancies between explicit and implicit selfesteem and their relationship with anger expression and psychological health. Eur. J. Pers. 21, 319–339.
[77] Schütz, A. (2001). “Self-esteem and interpersonal strategies,” in The Social Mind: Cognitive and Motivational Aspects of Interpersonal Behavior, eds J. P. Forgas, K. D. Williams, and L. Wheeler (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 157–176.
[78] Schütz, A., and Baumeister, R. F. (2017). “Positive illusions and the happy mind,” in The HappyMind: Cognitive Contributions to Well-Being, eds M. D. Robinson and M. Eid (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 177–193.
[79] Schütz, A., and DePaulo, B. M. (1996). Self-esteem and evaluative reactions: letting people speak for themselves. J. Res. Pers. 30, 137–156.
[80] Schwarzer, R. (1992). “Self-efficacy in the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors: theoretical approaches and a new model,” in Self-Efficacy: Thought Control of Action, ed. R. Schwarzer (Washington, DC: Hemisphere), 217–242.
[81] Schwarzer, R., and Fuchs, R. (1995). “Self-efficacy and health behaviours,” in Predicting Health Behavior: Research and practice with Social Cognition Models, eds M. Conner and P. Norman (Buckingham: Open University Press), 163–196.
[82] Skakon, J., Nielsen, K., Borg, V., and Guzman, J. (2010). Are leaders’ well-being, behaviours and style associated with the affective well-being of their employees? A systematic review of three decades of research. Work Stress 24, 107–139.
[83] Steinmayr, R., Schütz, A., Hertel, J., and Schröder-Abé, M. (2011). Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Test zur Emotionalen Intel ligenz (MSCEIT). Deutschsprachige Adaptation des Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) von John D. Mayer, Peter Salovey und David R. Caruso. Bern: Verlag Hans Huber.
[84] Steen, T.W. and Mazonde, G.N. (1999) Ngaka ya Setswana Ngaka ya Sekgoa or both? Health Seeking Behavior in Botswana with Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Social Science and Medicine, 48, 163-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00329-3
[85] Stumpp, T., Muck, P. M., Hülsheger, U. R., Judge, T. A., and Maier, G. W. (2010). Core self-evaluations in Germany: validation of a german measure and its relationships with career success. Appl. Psychol. 59, 674–700.
[86] Tett, R. P., and Burnett, D. D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance. J. Appl. Psychol. 88, 500–517.
[87] Thurstone, L. L. (1934). The vectors of mind. Psychological Review, 41, 1‒32.
[88] Thurstone, L. L. (1934). The vectors of mind. Psychological Review, 41,1‒32.
[89] Tice, D. M. (1991). Esteem protection or enhancement? Self-handicapping motives and attributions differ by trait self-esteem. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 60, 711–725.
[90] Tupes, E. C. and Christal, R. E. (1992). Recurrent personality factors based on trait ratings. Journal of Personality, 60, 225‒251. (Originally published 1961.)
[91] Viner RM, Ozer EM, Marmot M, Resnick M, Fatusi A, Currie C.: Adolescence and the social determinants of health. The Lancet (2012)379:1641‐1652
Rimande Ubandoma Joel, MBBS; Dzer Benjamin Terzungwe, PhD, Tomen Egbe Agu, PhD, “Personality Factors, Cognitive Distortions, Core Self Evaluation and Health Seeking Behaviour among Residents of Makurdi Metropolis” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.216-225 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/216-225.pdf
Download PDF
Relative Effectiveness of Peer Assessment Technique (PAT) in Enhancing Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement and Interest in Economics
Morrison, U. I. (Ph.D), Abanobi, C. C. (Ph.D), Ifemeni, A. L. – September 2021 – Page No.: 226-233
Successful implementation of continuous assessment in schools depends on effective and efficient use of a variety of assessment techniques to determine students’ learning outcomes. Among these various techniques are the peer assessment technique (PAT), teacher assessment technique (TAT) among others. This study examined relative effectiveness of PAT in enhancing secondary school students’ academic achievement and interest in Economics. Six research questions and six null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design. 1,750 SS II students in twelve (12) secondary schools in Delta North Education Zone (Ministry of Education, Exams and Standard, Asaba) comprised the population of the study. The sample of this study comprised 107 (49 males and 58 females) SSII students who offered Economics from two co-educational secondary schools in Oshimili South Local Government Area, Delta North Education Zone of Delta State. The instruments for data collection were Economics Achievement Test (EAT) and Economics Interest Inventory (EII). The EAT and EII were validated by subject specialists and measurement and evaluation experts. The reliability coefficients of EAT and EII were 0.95 and 0.81 respectively. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed among others that the mean achievement scores of students exposed to TAT is higher than that of those exposed to PAT and the difference in their mean achievement scores is significant. Students exposed to TAT have more interest than those exposed to PAT but the difference in their mean interest scores is not significant. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that secondary school authorities should use only TAT for assessment of secondary school students’ academic achievement in all secondary schools.
Page(s): 226-233 Date of Publication: 30 September 2021
Morrison, U. I. (Ph.D)
Department of Educational Foundations, Federal College of Education (Technical), Asaba, Nigeria
Abanobi, C. C. (Ph.D)
Department of Educational Foundations, Federal College of Education (Technical), Asaba, Nigeria
Ifemeni, A. L
Department of Educational Foundations, Federal College of Education (Technical), Asaba, Nigeria
Anayochi, V., Anagara E., Anosike F. E., & Asoluka C. U. (2010). The reliability coefficient and the validity indices of Mathematics questions papers set by NABTEB. (Unpublished project). Alvan Ikoku Federal College Education, Owerri.
[2] Andrade, H., & Du, Y. (2005). Student perspectives on rubric-referenced assessment. Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation, 10(3), 12-16.
[3] Anikweze, C. M. (2005, September). Assessment and the future of schooling and learning. A paper presented at the 31st Annual Conference of International Association for Educational Assessment, Abuja, Nigeria.
[4] Asuai, N. C., & Adeleye, B. A. (2013). Impact of peer assessment on performance in mathematics among senior secondary school students in Delta State, Nigeria. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies (JETERAPS) 4(5), 719-725
[5] Boud, D., & Falchikov, N. (2006). Aligning assessment with long-term learning. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 31(4), 399-413.
[6] Cheng, W., & Warren, M. (2005). Peer assessment of language proficiency.Language Testing, 22(1), 93-121.
[7] Chin, P (2016). Peer assessment.retrieved from (PDF) Peer assessment (researchgate.net)
[8] Edutopia (2014). What works in education. The George Lucas educational foundation. Retrieved from www.edutopia.org/assessment-guide-importance
[9] Eze, P. N. (2006). Effects of peer assessment technique on students academic achievement and in interest in French. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. University of Nigeria Nsukka
[10] Falchikov, N. (2005). Improving assessment through student involvement:Practical solutions for aiding learning in higher and further education. London: Routledge
[11] Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004). National policy on education. (4th edition). Lagos: NERDC
[12] Federal Republic of Nigeria (2013). National policy on education. (5th edition). Lagos: NERDC
[13] Ghaicha A. (2016). Theoretical framework for educational assessment: A synoptic review. Journal of Education and Practice; 7(24); 212-231. Retrieved from: www.iiste.org
[14] Khadijeh M. (2010). Peer assessment: An alternative to traditional testing. MJAL 2(5), 396 – 405..
[15] Khan, A. (2019). Meaning and types of assessment. Retrieved from: https://www.toppr.com/bytes/types-of-assessment/
[16] Nkwocha, P.C. (2004). Measurement and evaluation in the field of education.
[17] Owerri: Versatile Publishers.
[18] Papinczak, T., Young, L., & Groves, M. (2007). Peer assessment in problem-based learning: A qualitative study. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 12(2), 169-186.
[19] Peterson, E. R., & Irving, S. E. (2008). Secondary school students’ conceptions of assessment and feedback. Learning and Instruction, 18(3), 238-250.
[20] Otubelu, D. O. (2008). Measurement & evaluation for effective teacher performance. Onitsha: Ashantek Nigeria LTD.
[21] Ryan, G. J., Marshall, L. I., Porter, K., & Jia, H. (2007). Peer, professor and self-evaluation of class participation. Active Learning in Higher Education,8(1), 49-61.
[22] Sadler, P. M., & Eddie, G. (2006). The impact of self- and peer-grading on student learning. Educational Assessment 11(1) 1–31.
[23] Schafer, W. D., Bene, G. N., & Newbery, G. (2001). Effect of teacher knowledge of rubrics on students’ advancement in four content areas. Applied Measurement in Education, 14(2), 151-170.
[24] Sebba, J., Deakin, C. R., Yu, G., Lawson, H., & Harlen, W. (2008). Systematic review of research evidence of the impact on students in secondary schools of self and peer assessment. Report. In Research Evidence in Education Library. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education.
[25] Sluijsmans, D. (2002). Student involvement in assessment: The training of peer assessment skills. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen.
[26] Yambi, T. (2018). Assessment and evaluation in education. Retrieved from: (99+) (PDF) ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION IN EDUCATION | Tomas Yambi – Academia.edu
Morrison, U. I. (Ph.D), Abanobi, C. C. (Ph.D), Ifemeni, A. L., “Relative Effectiveness of Peer Assessment Technique (PAT) in Enhancing Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement and Interest in Economics” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.226-233 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5927
Download PDF
Examining How The Nature And Perceived Benefits Of School Based Restorative Practices Influence Positive Behaviour In Deviant Pupils: A Case Of Selected Secondary Schools Of Kabwe District, Zambia
Eunifridah Simuyaba and Ruth Kapembwa- September 2021 Page No.: 234-243
The current study examined how the nature and perceived benefits of school based restorative practices influenced the behaviour of deviant pupils in selected secondary schools in Kabwe District, Zambia. A qualitative case study with unstructured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted among thirty-six participants consisting of two school administrators, ten (teachers and twenty-four pupils. The findings revealed that restorative practices used in schools include manual work, detention, dialogue with parents, counseling, and suspension. The study further revealed that the restorative practices were not helping in influencing positive behavior among pupils but rather making them stubborn and repeating offensive behaviors. This was contrary to the general perspective that restorative practices in schools created a positive school culture and climate that helped pupils to reintegrate into the learning environment. The implication of this was for educational administrators to invest in sensitisations of pupils and training of teachers in restorative practices in order for them to understand and appreciate the logic behind adopting these approaches for ease of implementation and achievement of the desired result. /p>
Page(s): 234-243 Date of Publication: 30 September 2021
Eunifridah Simuyaba
The University of Zambia
Ruth Kapembwa
The University of Zambia
[1] Baker, M. (2009) DPS Restorative Justice Project: Year three. Denver, CO: Denver Public Schools.
[2] Bergersen, A. and Muleya, G. (2019). Zambian Civic Education Teacher Students in Norway for a Year- How Do They Describe Their Transformative Learning? ‟ Sustainability 2019, 11 (24), 7143; doi: 10.3390/su11247143, pp 1-17 www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability.
[3] González, T. (2012). Keeping kids in Schools: Restorative Justice, Punitive Discipline, and the School to Prison Pipeline, Journal of Law and Education, Vol 6, No. 4, July, 2012.
[4] Kakunta M.K.; Simuyaba E; Haambokoma N.; and Mwewa G. Re-examining the Role of Teacher Trade Unions in Promoting Welfare and Sustained Livelihood for their Members: A Case of Teacher Trade Unions in Lusaka, Zambia; International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) |Volume IV, Issue XII, December 2020|ISSN 2454-6186
[5] Kapembwa,R.; Simuyaba, E.; Njobvu, T.; Muleya, G & Simui, F. ‘School Based Restorative Practices as Alternative to Punitive Practices in Influencing Positive Behaviour in Deviant Pupils in Zambia’ International Journal of Education and Research. Volume Viii, 12,December, 2020.
[6] Kapembwa, R. (2018) Restorative Practices as Alternative to Punitive Practices in Influencing Positive Behaviour in Deviant Pupils in Zambia. A Dissertation submitted to the University of Zambia in Partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Master of Peace, Leadership and Conflict Resolution. Unza, Lusaka.
[7] Lambert C., Johnstone, B., Green S. and Shipley R. (2011). Building Restorative Relationships for the Work Place, Hull: University of Hull.
[8] Losen, D. (Ed.) (2014).Closing the School Discipline Gap: Equitable Remedies for Excessive Exclusion (Disability, Equity and Culture), New York: Teachers College Press.
[9] Morrison, B., and Vaandering, D. (2012). Restorative justice: Pedagogy, praxis, and discipline, Journal of School Violence.11(2), 138–155.
[10] Muleya, G. (2018). ‘Civic Education in Zambia before and beyond the golden jubilee’ , In Masaiti, G . (ed) (2018). Education in Zambia at Fifty Years of Independence and beyond: History, Current Status and Contemporary Issues. Lusaka: UNZA Press.
[11] Muleya, G. (2017a). ‘The Conceptual Challenges in the Conceptualization of Civic Education’. In Journal of Lexicography and Terminology. Vol 1, Issue 1, pp 59-81
[12] Mwase, D.; Simuyaba, E; Mwewa, G.; Muleya , G.; & Simui, S( 2020) . ’Leveraging Parental involvement in the Education of their Children as a Conflict Resolution strategy in selected Secondary Schools, Zambia’ International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS). Volume IV, 7 July 2020. ISSN 24546186
[13] Njobvu T, Hamomba I and Simuyaba, E. ( 2020) ‘Pupil Indiscipline in the ‘No Corporal Punishment Era’ in Zambia: Trends and Implications for Management in Schools’ Zambian Journal of Educational Management, Administration and Leadership (ZJEMAL) Vol. 1, No. 1, 2020. Pp 179-192. ISSN-Print: 2706-7416, Online: 2709-1864)
[14] Petrosino, A., Guckenburg, S., and Fronius, T. (2012). “Policing Schools” Strategies: A Review of the Evaluation Evidence, Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Evaluation, 8(17). Available on http://survey.ate.wmich.edu/jmde/index.php/jmde_1/article/view/337/335
[15] Riestenberg, N. (2003). Restorative schools grants final report, January 2002-June 2003: A summary of the grantees’ evaluation. Minnesota Department of Education
[16] Skiba, R., Trachok, M., Chung, C. G., Baker, T., Sheya, A., & Hughes, R. (2014). Where should we intervene? Contributions of behaviour, pupil, and school characteristics to suspension and expulsion. In D. J. Losen (Ed.), Closing the school discipline gap: Research for policymakers (pp. 132–146). New York: Teachers College Press.
[17] Siankweleku, G. (2018). ‘The Nature, Causes and Effects of Bullying in Schools: A Case Study of Selected Secondary Schools on The Copperbelt Province Of Zambia’. A Dissertation submitted to the University of Zambia in partial fulfilment for the study of a Master of Science in Peace, Leadership and Conflict Resolution, UNZA Lusaka.
[18] Simuyaba, E (2016). Teacher Professionalism in Zambia: Reality or Pipe-Dream? AFTRA- International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Africa. Vol 3. 1. 120-130.
[19] Simuyaba, E and Chibwe P.C. (2016).Teacher Professionalism in Zambia: Practices, Challenges and Prospects in the Post-2015 Era. Proceedings of 67th The IIER International Conference, Sweden, Stockholm 02nd April 2016, Pp 17-21. ISBN: 978-93-85973-89-5.
[20] J. B., Bazemore, G., and Riestenberg, N. (2006).Beyond zero tolerance. Youth Violence &
[21] Wachtel, T, (2012) Defining Restorative, International Institute of Restorative Practices: USA.
Eunifridah Simuyaba and Ruth Kapembwa, “Examining How The Nature And Perceived Benefits Of School Based Restorative Practices Influence Positive Behaviour In Deviant Pupils: A Case Of Selected Secondary Schools Of Kabwe District, Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.234-243 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5928
Download PDF
The Big Five Personality as a Correlate of Involvement in Violence among Students in Secondary Schools in Nyando Sub-County, Kenya
Omanyo Abraham Otieno, Omae Peter Onderi, Disiye Margaret Awuor – September 2021 – Page No.: 244-256
Involvement in violence among students is a common menace not only in Nyando Sub-county, Kenya but also in the whole world. Establishing a link between the big five personality and involvement in violence could be useful in developing various personality based interventions to involvement in violence. This prompted the present study to investigate both qualitative and quantitative relationship between the big five personality and involvement in violence. The convergent parallel mixed method research design was used. A multistage random sampling was used to generate a sampling size of 418 students. A part from the students, teacher counselors and deputy head teachers were also interviewed in order to triangulate the sources of information. Both self report questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The results indicated that extraversion and neuroticism were positively correlated to violence at correlation coefficients r = 0.155 and r = 0.102 respectively. While agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness were negatively correlated to violence at correlation coefficients r = -0.101, r = -0.425 and r = -0.187 respectively. This implied that as the extroversive and neurotic tendencies rose, the levels of involvement in violence also rose in the population. Conversely as the agreeable, conscientious and openness tendencies rose, the levels of involvement in violence reduced significantly. Therefore to minimize involvement in violence, more interventional measures should be applied to people who display more of extraversion and neuroticism.
Page(s): 244-256 Date of Publication: 01 October 2021
Omanyo Abraham Otieno
Department of Psychology, Maseno University, Kenya
Omae Peter Onderi
Department of Psychology, Maseno University, Kenya
Disiye Margaret Awuor
Department of Psychology, Maseno University, Kenya
[1] Abd-Elwahab, M. & Amin, M.E. (2012). Sexual risk among substance users and its relation to Personality profile. Egypt J Psychiatric, 12 (33), 135 – 141.
[2] Adrienne, T. & Bichsel, J. (2014). Association between selfrated health and personality. US National Library of Medicine, National Institute of Health Ethn Autumn, 24 (4), 418 – 422.
[3] Alhakami, A.S. & Slovic, P. (1994). A psychological study of the inverse relationship between perceived risk and perceived benefit. Risk Analysis, 14 (1), 1085–1096.
[4] Alvergne, A., Markus, J. & Charlotte, F. (2010). Personality and testosterone in men from a high fertility population. Personality and individual difference Journal, 49 (10), 840-844.
[5] Anisi, J., Mohammad M., Mohsen J. & Zahra G. (2010). Validity and reliability of NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) on University students. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 5 (4), 300 – 389.
[6] Barbara, E. (2008). Personality theories: an introduction (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
[7] Benard, H. R., & Ryan, G. W. . . (2010). analyzing qualitative data: systematic approaches.California, CA: Sage Publication.
[8] Bendassolli, P. (2013). Theory Building in Qualitative Research: Reconsidering the Problem of Induction. Journal of qualitative research, 14 (1), 25 – 31.
[9] Blalock, H. M. (2012). Social statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill.
[10] Botha, A. (2014, Sept). Islam Radicalization in Kenya Recruitment to al-Shabaab and the Mombasa Republican Council. ISS paper 265.
[11] Caroline, A. J., Marion Henderson John W. & Frank Sally J. H. (2012). An overview of prevention of multiple risk behavior in Adolescence and young adulthood. J Public Health, 34 (1), 31-40.
[12] CDC Report (2015). Sexual Risk Behaviors: HIV, STD, & Teen Pregnancy Prevention. US: Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB prevention.
[13] CDC Report (2011). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/yrbs/pdf/us
[14] Chowdry, H. Elaine, K. & Imran, R. . (2013). Reducing risky behavior through the provision of information. Institute for Fiscal Studies and UCL.
[15] Chown, P. Kezelman, C. & Stavropoulos. P. (2012). Understanding Risk-Taking Behavior the last frontier: Practise Guidelines for Treatment of Complex Trauma and Trauma Informed care and Service Delivery. Sydney: ASCA.
[16] Coates, J. (2011). Behavioural strategies to reduce HIV transmission: how to make them work better. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Program in Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California.
[17] Collins, S.E. & Carey, K.B. (2007). The theory of planned behavior as a model of heavy episodic drinking among college students. Psychol. Addict. Behav, 21, 498–507.
[18] Connelly, L. (2013). Demographic data in research studies. 22(4): 269. MedSurg Nursing, 22 (4), 269.
[19] Council of Governors Report (2017). Republic of Kenya Kisumu County First County Integrated Development Plan 2013-2017. Nairobi: Ministry of Devolution, Republic of Kenya.
[20] Creswell, J. (2014). Research design: quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods (4th ed.). London: SAGE Publications.
[21] Davies, J.G., Kendall, G., Soane, E., Charnley, J.L. & Pollard, S.J. (2010). Regulators as agents: power and personality in risk regulation and a role for agent-based simulation. Journal of Risk Research, 13 (8), 961-982.
[22] Erdinc, F.R. & Battaglio, J.P. (2015). Personality and decision-making in public Administration: the five-factor model in cultural perspective. International Review of Administrative, 3 (15), 12-23.
[23] Ertac, S. & Gurdal, M.Y. . (2012). Personality, Group Decision-Making and Leadership.
[24] Economic research forum (p. 1227). KOCUniversity-TUSIAD.
[25] Esther, D., Pascline, D. & Kremer, M. (2010). Preventing HIV and teen pregnancy in Kenya: role of teacher training and education subsidies. Nairobi: Evaluation report in Kenya.
[26] Fischhoff, B., Slovic, P., Lichtenstein, S., Read, S., & Combs, B. (2008). How safe is safe enough? A psychometric study of attitudes towards technology risks and benefits. Policy Sciences, 9, 127-152.
[27] Freudenstein, F.,Wiedemann, P.M. & Varsier, N. (2015). Exposure Knowledge and Risk Perception of RF EMF. Front Public Health, 14 (2), 289.
[28] Galen, E.C., Holtgrave, D.R. & Ríos, N.N. . (2014). Internal and External Factors That Encourage or Discourage Health-Rellevant Behavior. New York: MPH Behavioral Studies Section, CDC.
[29] Government Accountability Office, GAO (2017). Calculating and reporting survey response rates Internal guidance resource revised. Pp 1-11. US Government Accountability Office.
[30] Grant, C. & Osanloo, A. (2014). Understanding, Selecting, And Integrating A Theoretical Framework in Dissertation Research: creating the blueprint for your house. Administrative issues Journal, 24 (2), 23-28.
[31] Guilford, J.P. & Frucher, B. (2008). Fundamental statistics in psychology and education. New York: MC Graw-Hill.
[32] Hanlon, B. & Larget, B. . (2011). Samples and Populations . Madison: Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin.
[33] Hassan, H., Asad, S. & Hoshino, Y. (2016). Determinants of Leadership Style in Big Five personality dimensions. Universal Journal of Management, 4 (4), 161-179.
[34] Hayden, J. (2009). Health Belief Model: Introduction to Health Behavior Theory. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
[35] Heine, J.S., Buchtel, E.E. & Norenzayan, A. (2008). What Do Cross-National Comparisons of personality traits tell us? the case of conscientiousness. Psychological Science, 19 (4), 309-313.
[36] Holtzman, N.S. & Strube, M.J. (2013). Above and beyond Short-Term Mating, Long-Term mating is uniquely tied to human personality. Evol Psychol, 11 (5), 14-24.
[37] Hong, Y., Chao, M.M., Yang, Y.J. & Rosner, J.L. (2010). Building and Testing Theories: experiences from conducting social identity research. Psychologica Sinica, 42 (1), 22-36.
[38] Hoyle, R.H., Michele, C.F., & Miller, J.D. (2011). Personality and Sexual Risk Taking: A quantitative review. Journal of Personality, 6 (8), 6-12.
[39] Horizon Program Impact (2014). ABC messages for HIV Prevention in Kenya: clarity and confusion, barriers and facilitator. Nairobi: USAID.
[40] Irvine, M.J. & Garner, D.M. (2011). Personality differences between hypertensive and normotensive individuals: influence of knowledge of hypertension status. Psychosomatic Medicine, 51 (5), 537-549.
[41] International Labour Oganization Report (2014). Accident prevention. In I. L. Oganization, Encyclopedia of occupational health and safety (p. 56). New York: ILO.
[42] Jackson, C.A., Henderson, M., Frank, J.W. & Haw, J.S. (2012). An overview of prevention of multiple risk behavior in adolescence and young adulthood. J public Health, 34 (1), 31-40.
[43] John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big-Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In L. A. John, Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 102-138). New York: Guilford Press.
[44] John, O.P., Robins, R. W. & Pervin, L.A. (2014). Hand book on personality: Theory and research. New York: Guilford Press.
[45] Joshi, P. & Bhardwaj, B.K. (2016). Personality Profile of Trait Consciousness of Male and Female sports persons. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 3 (4), 348-396.
[46] Juma, M., Askew,I., Jane Alaii, J., Kay, B.L. & Borne, B.V. (2014). Cultural practices andsexual risk behaviour among adolescent orphans and non-orphans: a qualitative study on perceptions from a community in western Kenya. BMC Public Health, 4 (14), 84-89.
[47] Kagee, A. (2014). Identifying community risk factors for HIV among South African adolescents with mental health problems: A qualitative study of parental perceptions. Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 26 (3), 71-88.
[48] Kalmuss, D., Davidson, A., Cohall, A., Laraque, D. & Cassell, C. (2013). Preventing Sexual Risk Behaviors and Pregnancy among Teenagers: Linking Research and Programs. London: Research and Programs.
[49] KDHS Report (2012). Kenya demographic health survey. Nairobi: Ministry of Health.
[50] Kenya Inter-Agency Rapid Assessment Report (2014). Kisumu secondary data review. Nairobi: KIRA.
[51] Kenya Demographic and Health Survey Report (2014). Demographic and Health Survey report.Nairobi: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics.
[52] Kenya AIDS Survey Indicator Report (2012). National AIDS Control Council. Retrieved from National AIDS Control Council: http://www.nacc.or.ke
[53] Kenneth, M. & Cramer, K.M. (2013). Six Criteria of a Viable Theory: Putting Reversal Theory to test. Journal of Motivation, Emotion, and Personality, 1 (1), 9-16.
[54] Kibet, B. & Wanjiku K. (2016, September Tuesday 6th). Strive to slay the dragon of tribalism in Kenya. Standard Digital .
[55] Krallis, D. & Csontos, A. (2015). From Risk Perception to Safe Behavior. Australia: Deloite publications.
[56] Krista, K.J., Jeffrey, H.H., Henry, L.M. & Paul, T.C. (2002). Personality path way to safe Sex:personality, condom use and HIV risk behaviours. Journal of personality, 36 (2), 117-133.
[57] Krzysztof B., Małgorzata A. B., Anna R., Katarzyna L., Dorota L.& Alicja S. (2011). Smoking Status and the Five-Factor Model of Personality: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public, 2 (45), 38-58.
[58] Lahey, B. (2010). Public Health Significance of Neuroticism. A psychological Journal (PMC), 64 (4), 241-256.
[59] Lambert, B.L. & Bann, C.M. (2013). Risk-Taking Behavior among Adolescents with PrenatalDrug Exposure and Extra uterine Environmental Adversity. J Dev Behav Pediatric, 39 (4), 669-679.
[60] Lennart S., Moen, B.E. & Rundmo, T. (2004). Explaining risk perception. An evaluation of the psychometric paradigm in risk perception research. Publikasjoner Rotunde : Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Psychology.
[61] Leung, L. (2015). Validity, Reliability, and Generalizability in Qualitative Research. Journal of Family medicine primary care, 4 (3), 324-327.
[62] Lincoln,Y.S & Lynham, S.A. (2013). Criteria for Assessing Good Theory in Human ResourceDevelopment and Other Applied Disciplines from an Interpretive Perspective. Singapore management Review, 27 (2), 1-24.
[63] Loew, J. (2011). Teens and Risky Sexual Behavior: What School Counselors Need to know. Wisconsin- stout: The graduate school, University of Wisconsin- stout.
[64] Lubomir, C & Jana, C. . (2015). Risk preference under acute stress. Prague: Job talk.
[65] Luke, N. (2010). Risky Sex in Urban Kenya: The Bitter of Sugar Daddy Affair. Pop line Journa, 8 (4), 3-4.
[66] Lundström, M., Graneheim, U.H., Eisemann, M.E., Richter, J. & Åström, S. (2012). PersonalityImpact on Experiences of Strain among Staff Exposed to Violence in Care of People with Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of policy and practice in intellectual disabilities, 4 (7), 30-39.
[67] Magu, D., Wanzala, P. & Mutungi, M. (2013). Sexual risky behaviour and condom use Among Students in Kenyan universities. Advanced tropical medicine and public health journa, 3 (1), 5-9.
[68] Marshall, P. & Samuels, E. (2020). Statistical Normality checking. Retrieved from http://www.statstutor.ac.uk
[69] Meehl, P. (2012). Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 2 (52), 281-302.
[70] Merrit, C.J. & Ian, J.T. (2012). Personality, Self Efficacy and Risk Taking in Porkuor. Avery Holl Campus, London: University of Greenwich.
[71] Mihaela C., Mihai A., Vlad B.& Teodor M. (2015). The link between personality, aggressive driving, and risky driving outcomes – testing a theoretical model. Retrieved from http://www.DOI: 10.1080/13669877.2015.1042500
[72] Mohamed, S.F., Chimaraoke, I., Moore, M.N., Mutua, M., Kimani-Murage, & Caroline Egesa,C. (2015). The estimated incidence of induced abortion in Kenya: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 15 (15), 185-191.
[73] Morgan, H. S. (2007). Personality traits as risk factors for occupational injury in health care Workers. Florida: University of Florida.
[74] Mugenda & Mugenda. (2008). Research methods. Retrieved from http:://www.researchbb.or.ke
[75] Muli, I., & Lawoko, S. (2014). The Relationship between Access to Mass Media and HIV/AIDS Related Knowledge. Beliefs and Behaviors in Kenya Psychology, 4 (8), 736-743.
[76] Mwaura, K. (2009). HIV prevention strategies in Kenya. HIV/AIDS Journal, 29 (7), 544-568.
[77] Mwende, N. (2013). Introversion and Dating. Personality Journal, 6 (7), 45-67.
[78] Nasrollahi, B., Darandegan, K.B. & Rafatmah, A. (2011). The Relationship between Personality traits and Sexual variety seeking. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30 (11), 1399-1402.
[79] National Council for Population and Development (2017). 2015 Kenya national adolescent and youth Survey. Nairobi: NCPD.
[80] Nation Media Group (2016, November Tuesday 10th ). Why drug abuse is on the rise among teens. Daily Nation News Paper , p. 45.
[81] Ndegwa, N., Wanderi, M.P. & A. Mwisukha. (2012). Factors Influencing Behavior Changefor the Prevention of the Spread of HIV/Aids among Students in Githunguri Division, Githunguri District, Kiambu County, Kenya. International Journal of Business and Social science, 3 (16), 313-321.
[82] Nidhi, S. & Perna, P. (2010). Relationship between risk taking behaviour, personality and Sensation seeking tendencies among NCC cadets. 10sr Journals, 20 (5), 75-79.
[83] Njue, C., Voeten, H.A. & Remes, P. (2011). Porn video shows, local brew, and transactional sexin Kisumu. Retrieved from BMC Public Health: http://www.localbrew_kenya.or.ke
[84] Omanyo, O. A. (2016). Personality as a Predictor of Involvement in Risky Sexual Behaviour: A Study Conducted Among Students in Secondary Schools in Nyakach Sub-county Kisumu County, Kenya. Advances in Social Psychology, 1 (1), 7-15.
[85] Olalekan, T. (2014). Personality, Self Efficacy and Health Anxiety as Predictor of Health Risk Behaviour among Scavengers in Ibadan. Scientific Research Journal, 2 (2), 5-14.
[86] Omanyo, A. (2016). Personality sub-types and involvement in risky sexual behavior Among students in secondary schools in Nyakach sub-county, Kisumu, Kenya. Nairobi: Faculty of Education at Catholic University of Eastern Africa.
[87] Omboto, J. (2013). Social Control and Crime Escalation in Kenya. International Journal of Research In social Sciences, 3 (3), 230-247.
[88] Ondrej, K. & Geckova, A.M. (2010). Psychological and behavioural factors associated with Sexual risk behaviour among Slovak students. BMC Public Health Journal, 9 (5), 1471-1475.
[89] Paunonen, S. V. & Jackson, D. N. (2000). What is beyond the Big Five? Plenty! Journal of Personality, 68, 821-835.
[90] Reddy, S. (2002). Umthenthe Uhlaba Usamila – The South African Youth Risk Behaviour Survey. Cape Town: South African Medical Research Counci.
[91] Relief mobile phone application. (2018). Retrieved from Sample size calculator: http://www.nss.gov.au
[92] Richmond, J. (2014). Risky Behavior Programme. London: Children’s Workforce Development Risky Behaviour Training Programme.
[93] Robbins, R.N.& Bryan, A. (2004). Relationships between Future Orientation, Impulsive Sensation Seeking and Risk Behavior among Adjudicated Adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 19 (40), 428-445.
[94] Schmitt, P. (2004). The Big Five Related to Risky Sexual Behavior across 10 World Regions: Differential Personality Associations of Sexual Promiscuity and Relationship Infidelity. European Journal of Personality Eur. J. Pers., 18 (10), 301-319.
[95] Schmitt, P.D., Allik, J.,Robert R. McCrae, R.R & Benet-Martinez, V. (2007). The Geographic Distribution of Big Five Personality Traits Patterns and Profiles of Human Self-Description across 56 Nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38 (2), 173-212.
[96] Sec-Ed online magazine . (2014, March 6th). Retrieved from Sec-Ed online magazine :http://www.sec-ed.co.uk.
[97] Serder, T. (2011). The Big Five Personality Traits and Risky Sport Participation: Ege University. Social Behaviour and Personality Journal, 39 (8), 1105 – 1112.
[98] Settles, R.E., Fischer, S. & Melissa, A.C. (2012). Negative urgency; a personality predictor of externalizing behaviors characterized by neuroticism, low conscientiousness and disagreeableness. National Institute of Health (NIH) Public Access’s Abnorm psychol., 121 (1), 160-172.
[99] Shakerian, A. & Ali Mohammed, N. (2013). Investigating personality traits and premarital Affairwith opposite sex among university studentsof Sanandaj City. Procedia social and behavioral sciences Journal, 114 (21), 339-345.
[100] Shenton, K. (2004). Strategies for Ensuring Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research Projects. Education for Information, 22 (4), 63–75.
[101] Shillingburg, W. (2016). Understanding Validity and Reliability in Classroom, School-Wide, Or District-Wide Assessments to be used in Teacher/Principal Evaluations. Journal of behavioral education, 10 (4), 205-212.
[102] Slavinskienėa, J., Matulaitienėb, K.Z., Endriulaitienėc, A., & Šeibokaitė, L. (2016). Personality Profiles of Traffic Offenders: Does It Correlate To Alcohol Consumption? Health Psychology, 3 (5), 632-654.
[103] Slovic, P. & Peters, E. (2005). “Affect, Risk, and Decision Making”. Health Psychology, 24, 35–40.
[104] Steven M., Kogan, S.M.,Brody, G.H., Chen, Y.F., Grange, C.M., Slater, L.M. & DiClemente, R.J. (2010). Risk and Protective Factors for Unprotected Intercourse among Rural African American Young Adults. Public Health Rep, 125 (5), 709-717.
[105] Sunday Nation. (2016, August 7th). High teen HIV, abortion rates fuel debate on sex education , p. 37.
[106] SunYoun, L. & Gakuin, M. . (2014). The Effects of Personality Traits and Behavioral Characteristics on Schooling, Earnings, and Career Promotion . OHTAKE Fumio: RIETI Discussion Paper Series University .
[107] Theorieënoverzicht, T.C.W. (2012). Health Belief Model explaining health behaviors. University of Twente publication.
[108] Terzian, A. & Kristine, M. (2011). Preventing Multiple Risky Behaviors among Adolescents.London: Brief Publications.
[109] Terzian, S. (2011). Preventing Multiple Risky Behaviors among Adolescents. London: Seven Strategies.
[110] Turner, C. F. (2008). Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Drug Use, and Violence: Increased Reporting with Computer Survey Technology. Science Direcct, 280 (5365), 867-873.
[111] Uchudi, J., Magadi, M.& Mohammod, M. (2010). A multilevel analysis of the determinants ofhigh risk sexual behavior (multiple sexual partners) in sub-Saharan Africa. London: Silver Spring, Maryland, U.S.A.2 Department of Sociology, City University.
[112] Udo-Akang, D. (2012). Theoretical Constructs, Concepts, and Applications. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 2 (9), 89-111.
[113] Vollrath, M., Knoch, D. & Cassano, L. (1999). Personality and perceived Susceptibility to health risks. European Journal of Personality Eur. J. Pers., 13 (9), 39-50.
[114] Voracek, M. (2009). Big Five Personality Factors and Suicide Rates in the United States:A State-Level Analysis. Percept Mot Skills, 109 (1), 208-212.
[115] Wambu, G.W. & Fisher, A.T. (2015). School guidance and counseling in Kenya: Historical development, current status and future prospects. Journal of Education and Practise, 6 (11), 93-102.
[116] Wang, W., Alva, S. & Shanxiao, W. . (2012). DHS Analytical Studies No. 29 HIV-Related Knowledge and Behaviors among People Living with HIV in Eight High HIV Prevalence Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Maryland, USA: USAID: ICF International Calverton.
[117] WHO Report (2009). Environment and health risks: the influence and effects of social inequalities Report of an expert group meeting Bonn, Germany. Copenhagen Denmark : WHO Regional Office.
[118] WHO Report (2010). Alcohol use and sexual risk behavior: a cross-cultural study in eight Countries. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
[119] WHO Report (2015). Risk assessment of the Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa. England: PHE Publications gateway number.
[120] Williams, J. etal. (2009). Violent and Antisocial Behaviors among Young Adolescents in Australian Communities: An Analysis Of Risk And Protective Factors . Murdoch: Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute for the Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth.
[121] Wills, M.E. & Melanie, M. . (2012). Theoretical Basis for Nursing . Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
[122] YosefJabareen, Y. (2009). Building a Conceptual Framework: Philosophy, Definitions, and Procedure. International Journal of qualitative research, 5 (8), 1-14.
Omanyo Abraham Otieno, Omae Peter Onderi, Disiye Margaret Awuor, “The Big Five Personality as a Correlate of Involvement in Violence among Students in Secondary Schools in Nyando Sub-County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.244-256 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5929
Download PDF
Paper-Based Records an Obstacle to Service Delivery during Covid-19 Lockdown: A Case of the National Archives of Zimbabwe, Chinhoyi Records Centre
Alex Sibanda, Munyika Sibanda, Edward Mupfururi – September 2021 – Page No.: 257-262
This study examined the repercussion and lessons learnt on failure to automate records at the National Archives of Zimbabwe, Chinhoyi Records centre. The study used a mixed methodology with the intention of triangulating the results. Data were collected from the National Archives of Zimbabwe, Chinhoyi Records centre staff, government departments and other users through interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis. The study sample included six (6) employees from the National Archives of Zimbabwe and four (4) Record Management Supervisors from the government departments who were operating during the lockdown. The purposive sampling technique was employed. The study findings revealed access to records and archives was affected especially at the National Archives of Zimbabwe (NAZ) where the use of electronic technologies is still at its infant stage and automation of records and archives is moving at a snail pace. According to the Constitution of Zimbabwe (2013) under national objectives government units must adopt and implement procedures to develop efficiency and competence. However, this was not the case with the NAZ Chinhoyi Records Centre during Covid-19 lockdown from 29 March 2019 to July 2021. The study findings revealed that Government departments, local authorities and parastatals that were operating during the Covid 19 lockdown failed to access their records on time as the archival institution was temporarily closed in a bid to control the spreading of coronavirus. The study recommends that NAZ need to adopt an Electronic Records Management Systems (ERMS). In addition, the NAZ must also develop a cloud storage for its records as well as making sure that records and archives can be accessed virtually by government departments and other users who deposits their materials at the Centre.
Page(s): 257-262 Date of Publication: 01 October 2021
Alex Sibanda
Zimbabwe Open University, Lecturer Department of Information Science and Records Management, Chinhoyi Public Service Training Centre, P.O Box 285 Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe..
Munyika Sibanda
National Archives of Zimbabwe, Chinhoyi Records Centre: Archivist, Block 4 Old Chinese Complex, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe.
Edward Mupfururi
Zimbabwe Open University, Administrative Assistant, Zvishavane District Midlands Regional Campus P.O Box 1810 Gweru, Zimbabwe.
[1] Constitution of Zimbabwe Amendment (No. 20) Act (2013). Government printers, Harare.
[2] Kentish, S., Ellis, J., Hofman, H., McCausland, S., Merritt, J., Marshall, R., & Anderson, K. (2001). Bridging the Gap, 17th National Convention of the Records Management Association of Australia, Sydney, 3-6 December 2000 reviewed by Sandra Kentish; Michael Cook, The Management of Information from Archives, reviewed by Judith Ellis; Judith A. Ellis (ed.), Selected Essays in Electronic Recordkeeping in Australia reviewed by Hans Hofman; Pedro Gonzalez, Computerization of the Archivo General de Indias: Strategies and Results reviewed by Sigrid McCausland; Lyn Gorman & Don Boadle (eds), Rural Society, vol Archives & Manuscripts, 139-164.
[3] McDonald, A. 2006. Electronic Records.Encyclopedia of Governamce. [S 1]: SAGE Publications.http://0-www.sage-reference.com.oasis.unisa.ac.za/governance/Article_n159.html (Accessed 16 March 2021).
[4] Maree, K., 2007. First steps in research. Pretoria: Van Schaik.
[5] National Archives of Zimbabwe. 2018. Available at www.archives.gov.zw (Accessed 19/07/2021).
[6] National Lock down. 2020. Available at www.veritaszim.net/taxonomy/term/984. (Accessed 18/07/2021).
[7] Olugu, A. (2016) Automation of Records Management and its Impact on the performance of an organization. Records and Archives Management Diploma Research Project, Uganda Institute of Information and Communication Technology. Uganda
[8] Veritas .2021. Available at www.veritaszim.net/taxonomy/term/984. (Accessed 17/07/2021).
Alex Sibanda, Munyika Sibanda, Edward Mupfururi , “Paper-Based Records an Obstacle to Service Delivery during Covid-19 Lockdown: A Case of the National Archives of Zimbabwe, Chinhoyi Records Centre ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.257-262 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/257-262.pdf
Download PDF
Access to Finance and Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises in Central Uganda
Byakatonda Patrick, Mabonga Eric, Byamukama Eliab Patrick – September 2021 – Page No.: 263-268
This paper sought to establish the effect of Access to finance on sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in central Uganda. A mixed methods approach (quantitative and qualitative) was adopted. Cross-sectional, descriptive and narrative designs were employed by this study. Self-administered questionnaires and key informant interview guide were the main instruments of data collection on a sample of 281 SMEs as determined by Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table for determining sample size. Data was analyzed using SPSS and content analysis. Results revealed that access to finance has a significant effect on business sustainability in central region in Uganda (R Square = .263; beta = .341). SMEs with limited or no access to finance find it difficult to grow and sustainability has remained a challenge; SMEs that have access to finances are able to ensure sustainability. This research study recommends government financing scheme to entrepreneurs/enterprises initiated to provide finances to SMEs in particular, and a financing policy for SMEs should be developed and then the government should provide financing at fair interest rates. Still SMEs should well be classified by status and sector before advancing them with finances.
Page(s): 263-268 Date of Publication: 01 October 2021
Byakatonda Patrick
Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, P. O. Box 20000, Kampala, Uganda
Mabonga Eric
Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, P. O. Box 20000, Kampala, Uganda
Abstract
Byamukama Eliab Patrick
Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, P. O. Box 20000, Kampala, Uganda
Abstract
[1] Pratima Bansal & Mark R. DesJardine (2014) Business sustainability: It is about time. Strategic Organization 2014, Vol. 12(1) 70–78
[2] Elkington, J. (1999) Cannibals with Forks: Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business. Oxford: Capstone Publishing
[3] Slawinski, N. &Bansal, P. (2012) “A Matter of Time: The Temporal Perspectives of Organizational Responses to Climate Change,” Organization Studies 33(11): 1537–63.
[4] Mill, G. (2006). The financial performance of a socially responsible investment over time and a possible link with corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 63(2), 131-148
[5] McWilliams, A., & Siegel, D. (2000). Corporate social responsibility and financial performance: correlation or misspecification? Strategic Management Journal, 21(5), 603-609
[6] Ritika Mahajan and Montu Bose (2018) ‘Business Sustainability: Exploring the Meaning and Significance’, IMI Konnect, 7(2). Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333078727_Business_Sustainability_Exploring_the_Meaning_and_Significance (Accessed: 25 August 2021).
[7] World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) (1987) Our Common Future. New York: Oxford University Press.
[8] UIA (2017) Small and medium enterprises ( SMEs ), Uganda Investment Authority Brief.
[9] Dhiren Singh, N, and Sarma, H N.K. Thermo EMF and Hall effect behaviour of thin films of antimony-tellurium alloy. Germany: N. p., 1994. Web. doi:10.1002/pssa.2211420233.
[10] IFC/McKinsey&Company. (2010) Two Trillion and Counting: Assessing the Credit Gap for Micro, Small, and Medium-Size Enterprises in the Developing World. Washington, DC: IFC
[11] Ali, F., Hussain, K., & Ragavan, N. A. (2014). Memorable Customer Experience: Examining the Effects of Customers Experience on Memories and Loyalty in Malaysian Resort Hotels. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 144, 273–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SBSPRO.2014.07.296
[12] Kim, Y., Kim, W., & Yang, T. (2010). The effect of public policy on entrepreneurial activity: Evidence from OECD countries. Paper presented at the 1-31.
[13] Reynolds, P.D., M. Hay, & S.M. Camp, (1999), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Executive Report, Babson College, Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership and the London Business School.
[14] Reynolds, P.D. (2005).Understanding business creation: Serendipity and scope in two decades of business creation studies. Small Business Economics, 24, 359- 364.
[15] Ocici Charles (2006). A Working Paper On Entrepreneurship Presented At National Consultation Conference: Legal Empowerment Of The Poor. Commission on Legal Empowerment, International Law Institute
[16] Verheul, I., S. Wennekers, D.B. Audretsch, & R. Thurik. (2001), “An Eclectic Theory of Entrepreneurship: Policies, Institutions, and Culture”, EIM Research Report0012/E,Zoetermeer: EIM Business & Policy Research.
[17] Mbaguta, H. (2002), “The Ugandan Governmnet Policy Framework and Strategy for the Promotion and Development of SMEs” in Proceedings of the Symposium on Modalities for Financing SMEs in Uganda, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
[18] Kraemer-Eis, Helmut, Lang, Frank, & Gvetadze, Salome, (2013) European Small Business Finance Outlook. Luxembourg, European Investment Fund.
[19] Susanne Dorasil (2013) small and medium enterprise finance. International finance corporation, Washington D.CC
[20] Atieno, R. (2001). Formal and informal institutions’ lending policies and access to credit by small-scale enterprises in Kenya: An empirical assessment, Paper111, African Economic Research Consortium, Nairobi.
[21] Sunday, K. J. (2011). Effective Working Capital Management in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). International Journal of Business and Management, 6(9).
[22] UN, (2002) Proceedings of the symposium on modalities for financing SMEs in Uganda, UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva
[23] Reijonen, H. & Komppula, R. (2007). Perception of success and its effect on small firm performance. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development
[24] Nichter, S. & Goldmark, L. (2009). “Small Firm Growth in Developing Countries”, World Development, Vol. 37, No. 9.
[25] Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fourth Edi). Sage Publications.
[26] Kraemer-Eis, Helmut, Lang, Frank, & Gvetadze, Salome, (2013) European Small Business Finance Outlook. Luxembourg, European Investment Fund.
[27] Kothari, C.R., (1985), Research Methodology-Methods and Techniques, New Delhi, Wiley Eastern limited.
[28] Levy, S. (2011) “Jeff Bezos Owns the Web in More Ways Than You Think,” Available at: http://www.wired. com/magazine/2011/11/ff_bezos/all/1
[29] Krejcie, R. V, & Morgan, D. W. (1970). ACTIVITIES, 38, 607–610.
[30] Van Rijnsoever FJ. (2017). (I can’t get no) saturation: a simulation and guidelines for sample sizes in qualitative research. PLoS One, 12(7)
[31] Malterud K., Siersma V.D., &Guassora A.D. (2015). Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qual Health Res.; 26:1753–60.
[32] Gable, R. K. and MBW. Instrument Developing in the Effective domain. Boston: Kluwer. 1993.
[33] Amin ME. Social Science Research. Conception, Methodology and Analysis. Makerere University Printery. Makerere University Printery; 2005.
Byakatonda Patrick, Mabonga Eric, Byamukama Eliab Patrick , “Access to Finance and Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises in Central Uganda” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.263-268 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/263-268.pdf
Download PDF
Parent’s Level of Education and pupils’ reading readiness: A case of rural pre-schools in Kenya
Williams Otieno Obilloh – September 2021 – Page No.: 269-272
This study explored the relationship between parents’ level of education and their children’s reading readiness achievement focusing on both parents’ level of education. The study adopted a descriptive research design which allowed for in-depth examination of the study variables. This study employed Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory. The study adopted stratified random sampling to sample schools as public and private pre-primary schools, urban and rural schools. Systematic random sampling was used to further select the schools to participate in the study. Finally, 12% of the pupils were randomly chosen to be included in the study. The study selected 96 public Pre-Primary school pupils and 16 private pre-primary school pupils to participate in the study. Questionnaires enabled the researcher to collect data from the parents and reading readiness checklists were utilized to collect data from sampled pupils. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. The findings of the study revealed that the high level of parents education positively contributes to their children’s reading readiness achievement. Large co-relation was found between parents’ level of education and reading readiness achievement. On the basis of the findings, the study recommended introduction of awareness campaigns, use of social media for community education ad adult education programs.
Page(s): 269-272 Date of Publication: 04 October 2021
Williams Otieno Obilloh
Mount Kenya University, Kenya
[1] Feitelson, D., & Goldstein, Z., (2000). Patterns of Book Ownership and Reading to Young
[2] Guthrie, J. T., Wigfield, A., & You, W. (2012). Instructional contexts for engagement and achievement in reading. In Handbook of research on student engagement (pp. 601-634). Springer, Boston, MA.
[3] Manan, S. A., David, M. K., & Dumanig, F. P. (2015). Disjunction between language policy and Children’s socio-cultural ecology–an analysis of English-medium education policy in Pakistan, Language and Education, 29(5), 453-473.
[4] Martin, M. A. (2012). Family structure and the intergenerational transmission of educational advantage. Social science research, 41(1), 33-47.
[5] Mc Pike, E. (1995). Learning to read: School’s first mission. American Educator, 19(2), 3-6.
[6] National Institute for Literacy (U.S.): A child becomes a reader : proven ideas from research for parents / ([Washington, DC] : National Institute for Literacy, [2006]), also by Bonnie B. Armbruster, Jean Osborn, Fran Lehr, and RMC Research Corporation (page images at HathiTrust)
[7] National Literacy Trust (NLT) (2015d) Gender and Literacy. London: National Literacy Trust. Accessed 31.12.2015 at: http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/resources/practical_resources_info/1058_ gender_and_literacy
[8] Ngorosho, D. (2011). Reading and writing ability in relation to home environment: A study in primary education in rural Tanzania. Child Indicators Research, 4(3), 369-388.
[9] OECD (2016a), “PISA 2015 reading framework”, in PISA 2015 Assessment and Analytical Framework: Science, Reading, Mathematic and Financial Literacy, OECD Publishing, Paris, pp. 47-61, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264255425
[10] Wambiri, G. N., & Ndani, M. N. (2015). Relative Contributions of Caregivers’ Level of Education, Role Definition and Average Household Income to Caregiver Involvement in Children’s Emergent Reading. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(24), 108-115.
Williams Otieno Obilloh , “Parent’s Level of Education and pupils’ reading readiness: A case of rural pre-schools in Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.269-272 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/269-272.pdf
Download PDF
Diffusion of Innovation and Globalization of New Media in Third World Countries
Barigbon Gbara Nsereka, Ph.D – September 2021 – Page No.: 273-279
New information and communications technologies are among the driving forces of globalization, bringing people together and giving decision-makers unprecedented new tools for development. Through the use of the Internet, webcasting, e-mail, video conferencing, video news release, social media platforms, blogs and other social networking sites, political, cultural and socio-economic messages are built both online and offline and supports that push debates and social movements are reinforced. This paper notes that the newness characteristic of an innovation adoption is related to the knowledge, persuasion, and decision steps of Rogers’ diffusion of the innovation theory process. The paper further contends that globalization of media and the increasing use of new media technologies are reconstructing the nature of the relationship that existed between the media and developing countries. The world is becoming digitalized but because of low diffusion and utilization of new media technologies, the developed nations have advanced into technological revolution, leaving the Third World countries to plod along. This paper identifies several challenges distressing the primary diffusion process of new media innovation in developing countries like Nigeria. Nonetheless, it concludes that so long as the new media plays positive roles in the advancement of global media communication, there is hope for media development in Third world countries.
Page(s): 273-279 Date of Publication: 04 October 2021
Barigbon Gbara Nsereka, Ph.D
Associate Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
[1] Adegboyega, A. (2021, March 11). FG begins second phase of digital TV switch-over in Lagos, Kano, others. Premium Times. https://www.premiumtimesng.com/business/business-news/448264-fg-begins-second-phase-of-digital-tv-switch-over-in-lagos-kano-others.html.
[2] Aja, U. S., Chukwu, J. N., & Odoh, V. N. (2019). Emergence of new media technologies and challenges of media relations in Nigeria. Ebonyi State University Journal of Mass Communication, 6(1), 62-71.
[3] Akakwandu, C. (2020). Mass Communication Theories and Models (Revised Ed). Awka: Yes Lord Publishers Ltd.
[4] Akhagba, O. M. (2014). New media technologies and advertising practice in Nigeria. Estudos em Comunicação, 17, 277.
[5] Akpan-Obong, P. I. (2009). Information and communication technologies in Nigeria: Prospects and challenges for development. New York: Lang Publishing Inc.
[6] Ali, A. H. (2011). The power of social media in developing nations: New tools for closing the global digital divide and beyond. Harvard Human Rights Journal, 24, 185-219.
[7] Amnesty International (2015). Venezuela – The faces of impunity: A year after the protests, victims still await justice. Executive Summary AMR 53/1239/2015. https://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?reldoc=y&docid=5518f9041
[8] Amnesty International (2021, February 18). Venezuela: Impunity in the face of lethal policy of social control. Public Statement AMR 53/3632/2021. https://www.amnesty.nl/content/uploads/2021/02/Venezuela-Impunity-in-the-face-of-lethal-policy-of-social-control.pdf?x59525
[9] Babran, S. (2008), Media, globalization of culture and identity crisis in developing countries. Intercultural Communication Studies XVII, 2, 212-221.
[10] Barnett, G. A., & Vishwanath, A. (2017). The international encyclopedia of media effects. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
[11] BBC (2011, January 28). Egypt protests escalate in Cairo, Suez and other cities. BBC NEWS. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12303564
[12] Cooke, B. (2004). The Managing of the (Third) World. SAGE Journal, 11(5), 603–629.
[13] Cragan, J. F., & Shielda, D. C. (1998). Understanding communication theory: The communicative forces for human action. London: Allyn and Bacon.
[14] Dearing, J. W., & Cox, J. G. (2018). Diffusion of innovations theory: Principles and practice. Health Affairs, 37(2), 183-190.
[15] Douai, A., & Olorunnisola, A. (2013). New media and the question of African democracy. In A. Olorunnisola & A. Douai (Eds.). New Media Influence on Social and Political Change in Africa (pp1-13). Hershey: Information Science Reference.
[16] Eijaz, A., & Ahmad, R. E. (2011). Challenges of media globalization for developing countries. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(18), 100-112.
[17] Ewelukwa, B. N. (2004). Introduction to Nigerian press law: Law and ethics of communication. Varsity Publishing Co Ltd.
[18] Hernandez-Truyol, B. E., & Powell, S. J. (2009). Just trade: A new covenant linking trade and human rights. New York: University Press.
[19] Hoogvelt, M. M. A. (1982). The Third World in global development. New York The Macmillan Press.
[20] Ihechu, I. P., & Uche, U. (2012). The challenges of digitization of broadcasting in Nigeria. New Media and Mass Communication, 5, 22-37.
[21] Koçak, N. G., Kaya, S., & Erol, E. (2013). Social media from the perspective of diffusion of innovation approach. The Macrotheme Review, 2(3), 22.
[22] Kuyang, H. L. M. (2016, November 2). End impunity against journalists in South Sudan and honour their work. JUBA Monitor. https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/end_impunity_south_sudan_oped.pdf
[23] Lechman, E. (2015). ICT diffusion in developing countries: Towards a new concept of technological takeoff. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
[24] Matos, C. (2012). Encyclopedia of globalization. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
[25] Merriam-Webster Incorporated (2008). Webster’s All-in-One Dictionary. New York: Federal Street Press.
[26] Mohammadi, A. (1997). International communication and globalization: A critical introduction. London, SAGE Publications.
[27] Nwagbo, N. C. (2016). The impact of regionalization and globalization on the current investment climate in Nigeria. Port Harcourt Journal of Business Law, 2(2), 391-402
[28] Olaniran, B. A. (2004). Africa in the 21st century: A case for innovative use of technology. In O. Adisida & A. Oteh (Eds.). African Voices, African Visions (pp.147-156). Nordie Africa Institute.
[29] Olley, O. W. (2009, March). New media technologies and their challenges to broadcasting in Nigeria. Project report submitted to the Department of Mass Communication, School of Postgraduate Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, for the award of a Master of Arts degree in Mass Communication.
[30] Oloyede, A. (1998). Regional economic groupings as vehicles for globalization. Central Bank of Nigeria Economic and Financial Review, 35.
[31] Onwuazombe. I. I. (2017). Human rights abuse and violations in Nigeria: A case study of the oil-producing communities in the Niger Delta region. Annual Survey of International & Comparative Law, 22(1) (8), 115.
[32] Osuagwu, P. (2021, March 25). Digital switch over: Lagos ready to go digital — NBC Vanguardhttps://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/03/digital-switch-over-lagos-ready-to-go-digital-nbc/#:~:text=Lagos%20State%20is%20exiting%20the,to%20terminate%20sometime%20in%202022
[33] Owasanoye, B, Akanle, O. & Samuel, O. S. (2014). Impunity in Nigeria: Knowledge, attitude and perception findings from a national survey. Lagos, Nigeria: Human Development Initiatives.
[34] Pember, D. R. (1977). Mass media law. Iowa: Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers.
[35] Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th Ed). New York: The Free Press.
[36] Sahin, I. (2006). Detailed review of Rogers’ diffusion of innovations theory and educational technology-related studies based on Rogers’ theory. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 5(2)(3), 14-23.
[37] Tsebee, K. A., &Odorume, A. (2015) Influence of global media technology on the socio-political and economic environments of national media systems. Mgbakoigba: Journal of African Studies, 4, 1-10.
[38] Turow, J. (2014). Media today: Mass communication in a converging world (5th Ed). New York: Routledge.
[39] Udombana, N. J. (2000). The Third World and the right to development: Agenda for the next millennium. Human Rights Quarterly, 22, 753–787.
[40] Ünalan, D., & Doğan, S. (2019). Globalization and media: Dissemination of culture through media. In Y. G. Topçu & A. Doğan Topçu (Eds.). Communication Studies. Akademisyen Kitabevi. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/duygu-uenalan/publication/336554672_globalization_and_media_dissemination_of_culture_through_media/links/5da5b04fa6fdcc8fc353d19d/globalization-and-media-dissemination-of-culture-through-media.pdf?
[41] United Nations(2020). World economic situation prospects: Country classification. (WESP)https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/wp-content/uploads/sites/45/WESP2020_Annex.pdf
[42] Uwazuruike. A. R. (2020). #EndSARS: The movement against police brutality in Nigeria. UCLAN Harvard Human Rights Journal. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/35527/3/35527%20EndSars%20%281%29.pdf
[43] Woods, W. (2016, July) “Government 2.5”: The impact of social media on public sector accessibility. Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Policy and Administration, Walden University.
[44] Wosu, M., & Obuzor, E. M. (2020). Globalization, socio-economic and political development in Nigeria. Social Science Review, 1(1), 244-248.
[45] Zanello, G., Fu, X., Mohnen, P., & Ventresca, M. (2013). The diffusion of innovation in the private sectors in low-income countries (LICs): A systematic literature review. TMD Working Paper 62.
Barigbon Gbara Nsereka, Ph.D , “Diffusion of Innovation and Globalization of New Media in Third World Countries” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.273-279 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5904
Download PDF
Assessing Senior Secondary School Physics Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) Components Using Parks’ Pentagon Model
Abubakar Sa’adatu Mohammed (Ph.D) and Johnson Enemi Andrew – September 2021 – Page No.: 280-292
Teaching is not the simple transmission of information but a complex act that require teachers to apply knowledge from multiple domains in order to facilitate students’ learning. This paper reports the first part of a study that explored secondary school physics teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) components: (a) Orientations toward Teaching Science, (b) Knowledge of Student Understanding, (c) Knowledge of Instructional Strategies and Representations, (d) Knowledge of Science Curriculum, and (e) Knowledge of Assessment of Science Learning. The research adopted qualitative case study research design within Bauchi metropolis. The population of the study consists of twenty five (25) SS II physics teachers out of which two were sampled purposely. Data sources included classroom observations, semi – structured interviews guide, teacher’s lesson plans, audio recorder and video-taper. Data were analyzed through three different approaches: (a) in-depth analysis of explicit PCK, (b) enumerative approach, and (c) constant comparative method. Data analysis indicated five salient features of the integration of the PCK components: (a) the integration of the components was idiosyncratic and topic-specific; (b) Knowledge of Physics Curriculum and Knowledge of Instructional Strategies and Representations has most limited integration; (c) Knowledge of Students Understanding and Knowledge of Assessment of Physics Learning had high interaction with other components; (d) Knowledge of Assessment of Physics Learning was poorly connected with Knowledge of Student Understanding and Knowledge of Instructional Strategies and Representations than with the other components; and (e) Didactic Orientations toward Teaching Physics directed Knowledge of Instructional Strategies and Representations inhibiting its connection with other components. This study highlights that the quality of PCK depends on the coherence among the components as well as the strength of individual components. From a methodological perspective, this study demonstrates the possibility to make PCK more visible and accessible by mapping PCK components using Pack Pentagon Model.
Page(s): 280-292 Date of Publication: 05 October 2021
Abubakar Sa’adatu Mohammed (Ph.D)
Department of Science Education, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
Johnson Enemi Andrew
Department of Science Education, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
[1] Abell, S. K. (2008). Twenty Years Later: Does Pedagogical Content Knowledge remain a UsefulIdea? International Journal of Science Education, 30(10): 1405–1416.
[2] Akinyemi, O. S. (2016). Pre-Service Teachers’ Development of Topic Specific PCK in kinematics and Transferability of PCK Competence to a New Physics Topic. Research report submitted to the faculty of Science Education for the award of Master of Science (MSc.) in Science Education, university of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
[3] Bas F. (2016). Pre service secondary mathematics teachers’ metacognitive awareness and metacognitive behaviors in problem solving processes.
[4] Cohen, R. & Yarden, A. (2009). Experienced Junior – High – School Teachers’ PCK in Light of a Curriculum Change: “The Cell is to be Studied Longitudinally”. Research in Science Education, 39: 131 – 155.
[5] Denzin, N. K. (1998). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw – Hill.
[6] Friedrichsen, P., Van Driel, J. H., & Abell, S. K. (2011). Taking a closer look at Science Teaching Orientations. Science Education, 95: 358–376.
[7] Grossman, P. L. (1990). The Making of a Teacher: Teacher Knowledge and Teacher Education. New York: Teachers College Press.
[8] Kamen, M. (1996). A Teacher’s Implementation of Authentic Assessment in an Elementary Science Classroom. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 33(8): 859 – 877.
[9] Loughran, J. Berry, A. & Mulhall, P. ( 2006) Understanding and Developing Science Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
[10] Magnusson, S., Krajcik, J., & Borko, H. (1999). Nature Sources and Development of Pedagogical Content Knowledge for Science Teaching. Examining Pedagogical Content Knowledge: The Construct and its Implications for Science Education (pp. 95 – 132). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
[11] Matese, G. (2005). Cognitive Factors Affecting Teaching Formative Assessment Practice, Paper Presented at the American Educational Research Association, Montreal, Canada.
[12] Nilsson, P. (2008). Teaching for Understanding: The Complex Nature of Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Pre-Service Education. International Journal of Science Education, 30(10): 1281–1299.
[13] Park, S. & Chen, Y. C. (2012). Mapping out the Integration of the Components of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK): Examples from High School Biology Classrooms. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 49(7): 922 – 941.
[14] Park, S., & Oliver, J. S. (2008a). Revisiting the Conceptualization of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK): PCK as a conceptual tool to Understand Teachers as Professionals. Research in Science Education, 38(3): 261–284.
[15] Park, S., & Oliver, J. S. (2008b). National Board Certification (NBC) as a Catalyst for Teachers’ Learning About Teaching: The Effects of the NBC process on Candidate Teachers’ PCK Development. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45(7): 812–834.
[16] Rollnick, M., & Mavhunga, E. (2014). The relationship of PCK knowledge to practice: A case study of two pre-service teachers teaching chemical equilibrium. Paper presented at the Conference of the Southern African Association for Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
[17] Shulman, L. (1987). Knowledge and Teaching: Foundations of the New Reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1): 1-22.
[18] Spaull, N. (2013). South Africa’s Education Crisis: The Quality of Education in South Africa 1994–2011. Johannesburg: Centre for Development and Enterprise. Retrieved from http://www.cde.org.za/images/pdf/South%20Africas%20Education%20Crisis%20N20Sp a %202013.pdf (accessed March 16, 2017).
[19] Suh, J. K., & Park, S. (2017). Exploring the relationship between pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and sustainability of an innovative science teaching approach: Teaching and Teacher Education, 64: 246-259.
[20] Tamir, P. (1988). Subject matter and related pedagogical knowledge in teacher education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 4, 99–110.
[21] Van Driel, J. H., De Jong, O., & Verloop, N. (2002). The development of preservice chemistry teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge. Science Education, 86, 572–590.
[22] Van Driel, J. H., Verloop, N., & De Vos, W. (1998). Developing science teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 35, 673–695.
[23] Veal, W. R., & Kubasko, D. S. (2003). Biology and geology teachers’ domain-specific pedagogical content knowledge of evolution. Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 18(4), 334–352.
[24] Yildiz and Akdag (2017). Effect of metacognitive strategies on prospective teachers metacognitive awareness and self-efficacy belief. Journal of education and training studies vol. 5, No. 12 ISSS 232-805.
Abubakar Sa’adatu Mohammed (Ph.D) and Johnson Enemi Andrew , “Assessing Senior Secondary School Physics Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) Components Using Parks’ Pentagon Model” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.280-292 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5905
Download PDF
Examining the effect of financial decentralization on rural roads maintenance and accountability in Kanungu District
Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire, Mubehamwe Janan – September 2021 – Page No.: 293-300
This study sought to examine the effect of financial decentralization on rural roads maintenance and accountability in Kanungu District. The study adopted a cross-sectional design using both quantitative and qualitative research approaches on a sample of 104 respondents. Quantitative data involved the use of descriptive statistics particularly frequencies, percentages and the mean. Inferential analysis methods were correlation and regression. The main findings of the study were that financial decentralisation had a positive influence on rural feeder roads maintenance and accountability in Kanungu District. Therefore, it was concluded that financial decentralisation is a necessary requirement for rural feeder roads maintenance. Thus, it was recommended that financial decentralisation should be made apriority in implementation of rural feeder roads maintenance by making sure that financial needs of specific areas, making road projects fit specificities of the local conditions, get people’s input, attract teamwork and win legitimacy and approval of projects by the stakeholders.
Page(s): 293-300 Date of Publication: 05 October 2021
Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire
Department of Science Education, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
Mubehamwe Janan
Valley University of Science and Technology, Uganda
[1] Arends, H. (2020). The Dangers of Fiscal Decentralization and Public Service Delivery: a Review of Arguments. Politische Vierteljahresschrift, 1-24.
[2] Awuzu (2012) Lands, Housing and Urban Development Vote 102 and 156
[3] Bardhan P. and. Mookherjee D, (2012). Decentralization, Corruption, and Government
[4] Conning J.and Kevane M, (1999). Community Based Targeting Mechanisms for Social Safety Nets. Department of Economics, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass.
[5] Datta, P. K. (2019). Rural Decentralization In India At The Cross-Roads: The Context, Challenges And Consequences. Journal of Asian Rural Studies, 3(1), 17-34.
[6] Donnges, (2017) Improving Access in Rural Areas – Guidelines for Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning. Chris Donnges. ILO ASIST AP 2003.
[7] Donnges, etal (2017). Rural Road Maintenance Sustaining the Benefits of Improved Access, ILO 2007.
[8] Doornbos, (1976) Characteristics of Lower Mantle In homogeneities From Scattered Waves, Geophysical Journal International.
[9] Fallet (2004) Theory of Sequential Decentralization, 2004.
[10] Gbarabe, R. (2020). Analysis of Worth Assessment, Access Points and Credibility of Information Sources Used by Artisanal Fish Farmers in Selected Coastal States of Nigeria (Doctoral dissertation, North-West University (South Africa)).
[11] Gore, C. D., & Muwanga, N. K. (2014) Decentralization is Dead, Long Live Decentralization! Capital City Reform and Political Rights in Kampala, Uganda. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38(6), 2201-2216.
[12] Hab (2016) Future HAB Science; Directions and Challenges in a Changing Climate
[13] Holzhacker, R. (2015). Decentralization and Governance in Indonesia, International Experience. Institute for Economic Development Working Paper. Boston, Mass, Boston University.
[14] Hrituleac, (2011) Traditional Leadership and Corruption in Pre Colonial Africa-How the Past affect the present.
[15] Jimenez, E. and Sawada, Y. (1999). Do community-managed schools work? An Evaluation of El
[16] Kagina, (2014). Rehabilitation and Maintenance of Rural Feeder Roads in Uganda.
[17] Kagina (2017) Strategy for District and Urban Roads: Fountain Publishers, Uganda. A paper Presented on Feeder Roads Construction and Maintenance: Seminar Held at Sherato Hotel on 15th May at International Conference Centre on 29th and 30th October.
[18] Kasya, (2017) Priority for Maintenance of Feeder Roads in Kanungu, Kanungu District Development Plan [2005-2017].
[19] Kihoro, J. M., Nzulwa, J. D., Iravo, M. A., & Wagana, D. M. (2017) Effect of Financial and Political Decentralization on Service Delivery in County Governments in Kenya.
[20] Lantran, (2016) Maintenance of Rural Roads: The Case of the Philippines. ILO ASIST Bangkok 2005
[21] Lantran, (2016) Contracting Out Road Maintenance Activities: A World Wide Trend, ASIST Bulletin No.5
[22] Lantran, (2011) Situational Analysis of Rural Road Maintenance in Madhya Pradesh. ILO ASIST AP Bangkok 2006.
[23] Lewis, B. D., Nguyen, H. T., & Hendrawan, A. (2020). Political accountability and public service delivery in decentralized Indonesia: Incumbency advantage and the performance of second term mayors. European Journal of Political Economy, 101910.
[24] Mejia Acosta, A., & Tillin, L. (2019). Negotiating universalism in India and Latin America: Fiscal decentralization, subnational politics and social outcomes. Regional & Federal Studies, 29(2), 115-134.
[25] Mike, (1998) District Roads Maintenance Management: A Paper Presented at a Seminar Held At International Conference Centre on 29th and 30th October.
[26] Mirembe (2001) Adolescent And Adult First Time Mothers’ Health Seeking Practices.
[27] Modise, (2015) Resourcing Single Parents in a South African Community Rural Setting-An Exploratory Study, Journal of Psychology in Africa.
[28] Mohammed, J., North, N., & Ashton, T. (2016). Decentralization of Health Services in Fiji: A Decision Space Analysis. International journal of health policy and Management, 5(3), 173.
[29] Mohammed, North, & Ashton, (2016), Decentralization, the Question of Management Capacity.
[30] Mookherjee, D. (2012). Combating the Crisis in Government Accountability: A Review of Recent International Experience, Institute for Economic Development Working Paper Boston, Mass.: Boston University.
[31] Mushemeza, E. D. (2019). Decentralisation in Uganda: Trends, Achievements, Challenges and Proposals for Consolidation.
[32] Musisi, (2012) Towards an Integrated Road Network: A Paper Presented at A Workshop On Strategy for District and Urban Roads at International Conference on 29th – 30th October Mutibwa, (1976); Uganda since Independence; A story of Unfulfilled Hopes
[33] Nuwatuhaire (2020) Establishing Whether Stakeholder Participation In planning Influences Road Transport Sector Performance Of Bushenyi District Local Government In Uganda.
[34] Nsibambi, (2017) Decentralization and Civil Society in Uganda: The Quest for Good Governance, Kampala: Fountain Publishers.
[35] Odongo, (2017) Road Maintenance in Uganda-Challenges and Way Forward, Joint Transport Sector Review Workshop 14th September 2017.
[36] Olamigoke & Adebayo, (2013) An Empirical Analysis Of Transport Infrastructure Investment and Economic Growth in Nigeria.
[37] Olubomehin, (2012).Road Transportation as Lifeline of the Economy in Western Nigeria 1920 to 1952 I. African Journal Of history And Culture
[38] Pallaver, 2012) Muslim Communities Long Distance Trade and Wage Labor along the Central Caravan Road; Tanzania 19th Century.
[39] Pershin & Taranukha, 2010) Economic Geology and Applied Geophysics 2010
[40] Republic of Uganda, (1995) Constitution of the Republic of Uganda: Government Printer
[41] Republic of Uganda (1997). Local government Act 1997: Government printer Entebbe.
[42] Plaček, M., Ochrana, F., Půček, M. J., & Nemec, J. (2020). Fiscal Decentralization Reforms: The Impact on the Efficiency of Local Governments in Central and Eastern Europe (Vol. 19). Springer Nature.
[43] Republic of Uganda (2017) National Roads Safety Policy: Ministry of works and Transport, Roads in Developing Countries, Developments and Guidelines, Geneva International Labour Organization.
[44] Resistance Councils Statute, (1993) Uganda Decentralization Policy Legal Framework.
[45] Robinson and Stiedl (2010). Decentralization of Road Administration: Review of Experience, Salvador’s EDUCO program, World Bank Economic Review 13 (3): 415–442.
[46] Santhy (2015), International Symposium on Applied Chemistry.
[47] Schultze‐Kraft, M., & Morina, E (2014). Decentralization and Accountability in War‐to‐Peace Transitions: The Case of Kosovo. IDS Bulletin, 45(5), 92-104.
[48] Smith, (1992).Ethical Issues In Interviewing-A study Of Help Seeking Behaviors of Alcohol Dependent Problem Drinking Women.
[49] Ssebanakitta, (1998) The State of Roads in Uganda: The Past, the Present and the Future.
[50] Suisheng, Z. (2019). China’s Central-Local Relationship: A Historical Perspective. In Changing Central-local Relations In China (pp. 19-34). Routledge.
[51] Sujarwoto, (2017). Why Decentralization Works And Does Not Work?: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Public Administration Studies 1(3), 1–10.
[52] Tendler, J. (1997). Good Government in the Tropics. Johns Hopkins Studies in Development. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press.
[53] Tumusiime, (2016) Discovery of Oil; Community Perceptions in Uganda’s Albertine Region, Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol 9, No 6
[54] Villadsen & Lubaga, (2013). Democratic Decentralization in Uganda: A New Approach to Local Governance, Kampala: Fountain Publishers.
[55] White, S. (2011). Government Decentralization in the 21st Century. Center for Strategic & International Studies, (December).
[56] Wibbels and Erik, (2004). Decentralization, Democracy and Market Reform. On the Difficulties
[57] World Bank, (2000) World Development Report 2000/2001: Attacking poverty, Oxford University Press: New York.
[58] Zolfaghari & Javid, 2014) Modification of Bitumen by Varying Percentage of Crumb Rubber in Course Graded Aggregates, International Journal of Science.
[59] Emmenegger, R. (2012). The roads of decentralisation. The history of rural road construction in Ethiopia. NCCR North-South Dialogue, (39), 53-S.
[60] Conyers, D. (2007). Decentralisation and service delivery: Lessons from sub? Saharan Africa.
[61] Zhang, K., Miehling, E., & Başar, T. (2019, July). Online planning for decentralized stochastic control with partial history sharing. In 2019 American Control Conference (ACC) (pp. 3544-3550). IEEE.
Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire, Mubehamwe Janan , “Examining the effect of financial decentralization on rural roads maintenance and accountability in Kanungu District” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.293-300 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/293-300.pdf
Download PDF
The Botswana’s Responses to The Zimbabwe Crisis 2008 to 2018
Rawana Meriziki Kazondunge – September 2021 – Page No.: 301-306
Botswana is Zimbabwe’s immediate neighbour sharing a common border of 813 km long. As noted by (Jonas, Mandiyanike and Maundeni (2013), there is a high level of people to people between Botswana and Zimbabwe as such it comes naturally that Botswana takes keen interest in development in Zimbabwe. The Zimbabwe Crisis is as old as history can tell, there is debate on when really the problem started or what really probed the current status quo. Others date it to colonial or pre-independence, others to the Ndebele genocide of the 1980s, others to globalization and the 1990s SAPs, others to the Land Reform Act. Thus, this paper examines the responses of the Botswana government to the Zimbabwe Crisis. The responses by Botswana have been divided into categories of positive responses, negative responses and no responses. As to whether the responses were successful the most consensus was that Botswana has been a lone voice in trying to bring Zimbabwe to order. The data was collected through interviews conducted using Computer Mediated Communication (CMC), and experts on international relations and regional integration were targeted for their knowledge on the topic..
Page(s): 301-306 Date of Publication: 05 October 2021
Rawana Meriziki Kazondunge
BA Social Sciences University of Botswana; MA Governance and Regional Integration Pan African University
[1] Babbie, E. (2007). The Practice of Social Research (Eleventh Edition ed.). United States of America: Thomson Learning Inc.
[2] Betts, A. (2013). Botswana: The Division of Zimbabweans into Refugees and Migrants. In A. Betts, Survival Migration: Failed Governance and the Crisis of Displacement (pp. 78-89). New York: Cornell University Press.
[3] Biswaro, J. M. (2011). The Quest for Regional Integration in Africa, Latin America and Beyond in the 21st Century: Experience, Progress and Prospects. Brasilia: Alexandre De Gusmao Foundation.
[4] Bracking, S., & Sachikonye, L. (2008). Remittances, Poverty Reduction and Informalisation in Zimbabwe 2005-6: a political economy of dispossession? Manchester: Brooks World Poverty Institute.
[5] Bratton, M. (2014). Power Politics in Zimbabwe. Lyinne Rienner Publishers.
[6] De Jager , N., & Musuva, C. (2016). The Influx of Zimbabweans into South Africa:a Crisis of Governance that Spills over. African Review, 15-30.
[7] Goldstone , J. A., Bates, R. H., Epstein, D. L., Gurr, T. R., Lustik, M. B., Marshal, M. G., . . . Woodward, M. (2010). A Global Model for Forecasting Political Instability. American Journal of Political Science, 190-208.
[8] Mlambo, A. S. (2006). The Zimbabwe Crisis and International Response. Journal of Contemporary History, 31, 54-77.
[9] Moyo, K. G., & Ndimande, J. (2018). Zimbabwe-Botswana Relations Under Presidents Robert Mugabe & Ian Khama C.2008-2017: A Constuctivist Approach. International Journal of Politics & Good Governance, IX(9.1), 1-17.
[10] Primorac, R., & Chan, S. (2007). Zimbabwe in Crisis: The International Response and the Space of Silence. London: Routledge.
[11] Raftopoulas, B., & Savage, T. (2004). Zimbabwe: Injustice and Political Reconciliation. Cape Town: Institute for Justice and Reconciliation.
[12] Ruegger, S. (2019). Refugees, Ethnic Power Relations, Civil Conflict in the Country of Asylum. Journal of Peace Research, 56(1), 42-57.
[13] Sachinyoka, L. (2003). ZIMBABWE: CONSTITUTIONALISM, THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM AND CHALLENGES FOR GOVERNANCE AND STABILITY. The Journal of African Elections, 140-159.
[14] Southern African Development Community. (1993). Southern African Development Community Declaration and Treaty.
[15] Statistics Botswana. (2015). Botswana Population Projections 2011-2026. Gaborone: Statistics Botswana.
[16] Tofa, M. (2020, November 09). What is the Zimbabwe Crisis. (R. Kazondunge, Interviewer)
[17] van Wyk, J.-A. (2002). The Saga Continue… The Zimbabwe Issue in South Africa’s Foreign Policy. Turkish Journal of International Relations, 1, 176-231.
Rawana Meriziki Kazondunge , “The Botswana’s Responses to The Zimbabwe Crisis 2008 to 2018” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.301-306 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/301-306.pdf
Download PDF
Augmenting Human Minds: Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Financial Risk Assessment
Lilian Mboya – September 2021 – Page No.: 307-311
The study sought to explore on the role of AI and Big Data on risk assessment in financial institutions. The study adopted a systematic review of literature and secondary data sources to present a qualitative analysis of the key elements of AI and big data and their application in financial risk assessment and management. Peer reviewed journal articles were used to provide essential and relevant information on AI and big data on risk assessment. The study established that machine learning tools were used in predictive analytics and based on big data extracted from databases, the risks managers were able to use regression, classification, clustering, and anomaly detection to carry out fraud detection, portfolio optimization, volatility forecasting and sensitivity analysis. Machine learning was the basic form of AI used in risk assessment in financial institutions in conjunction with big data. Market risks are assessed through portfolio optimization, sensitivity analysis, and volatility forecasting while credit risks are assessed through credit scoring and defaulting prediction. Insurance risks are measured by claims modelling, reserve losses, mortality forecasting, and fraud detection. The study recommended that financial sector should invest in research and development for a specialized AI machines and software to meet the rising needs of cyberspace in the banking systems and mobile banking transactions.
Page(s): 307-311 Date of Publication: 05 October 2021
Lilian Mboya
University of South Africa-PhD Scholar
[1] Cerchiello, P., & Giudici, P. (2016). Big data analysis for financial risk management. Journal of Big Data, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-016-0053-4
[2] Liu, Q. (2019). Research on Risk Management of Big Data and Machine Learning Insurance Based on Internet Finance. Journal Of Physics: Conference Series, 1345, 052076. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1345/5/052076
[3] Ma, L. (2020). Preliminary Study on Credit Risk Management under Internet Finance Based on Big Data Age. Journal Of Physics: Conference Series, 1544, 012168. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1544/1/012168
[4] Malhotra, Y. (2018). AI, Machine Learning & Deep Learning Risk Management & Controls: Beyond Deep Learning and Generative Adversarial Networks: Model Risk Management in AI, Machine Learning & Deep Learning. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3193693
[5] Mashrur, A., Luo, W., Zaidi, N., & Robles-Kelly, A. (2020). Machine Learning for Financial Risk Management: A Survey. IEEE Access, 8, 203203-203223. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3036322
[6] Miller, A. (2019). The intrinsically linked future for human and Artificial Intelligence interaction. Journal Of Big Data, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-019-0202-7
[7] Ozili, P. (2021). Big Data and Artificial Intelligence for Financial Inclusion: Benefits and Issues. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3766097
[8] Stasinakis, C., & Sermpinis, G. (2020). Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: A Transformative Symbiosis in Favour of Financial Technology. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3663062
[9] Wang, Z. (2021). Research on Risk Control Strategies of Consumer Finance Based on Big Data Technology. Finance And Market, 6(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.18686/fm.v6i1.3173
[10] Žigienė, G., Rybakovas, E., & Alzbutas, R. (2019). Artificial Intelligence Based Commercial Risk Management Framework for SMEs. Sustainability, 11(16), 4501. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164501
Lilian Mboya , “Augmenting Human Minds: Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Financial Risk Assessment” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.307-311 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/307-311.pdf
Download PDF
FIRE Leadership: A Case Study of the Blaan Tribe in Municipality of Kiblawan, Davao del Sur.
Roel Jr. D. Apas – September 2021 – Page No.: 312-322
The study was conducted to determine the long-established leadership system of Blaan Tribe on the aspect of Fortification, Integrity, Resiliency, and being Ethical. The tribal leaders were interviewed to determine the constructs of FIRE leadership based on the Blaan tribe Indigenous Knowledge Systems and practices. This study utilized qualitative methods of research using a case study research design employing appreciative inquiry. The design is appropriate since it gives a comprehensive description of an individual case and its analysis. Through in-depth interviews, the researcher has been able to gain knowledge regarding the type of leadership the Blaan has. They have fortified in the sense that leaders find ways, are responsible to their call of duty, and solicit suggestions to their elders to make just decisions. To be served as a role model of the community, the Blaan Leader admits guilt and takes responsibility for the actions he/she has made. Identifying the root cause is practiced to solve problems, and consensus amongst leaders and community members is the culture. Lastly, Blaan Leaders observe the procedural process of settling conflicts, have a moral principle, basing their decision with consensus, and depend on the traditional customary practices.
Page(s): 312-322 Date of Publication: 06 October 2021
Roel Jr. D. Apas
Master of Public Administration, Davao del Sur State College, Philippines
[1] ADSDPP, 2016. Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development Protection Plan (2016-2020) Blaan Tribe of the Municipality of Kiblawan, Davao del Sur, 1st Edition
[2] Allison, E., & Reeves, D. (2011). Renewal coaching field guide: How influential leaders sustain meaningful change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[3] Avolio, B. J. et al. (2009). Leadership: Current Theories, Research, and
Future Directions. Annual Review of Psychology 60 (2009), pp. 421-449. DOI: 10.1146/annual.psych.60.110707.163621
[4] Brougham, D., Haar, J. & Rochee, M. (2019). Indigenous Insights into Ethical Leadership: A Study of Maori Leaders. Journal of Business Ethics, 160(11). DOI; 10.1007/s10551-018-3869-3
[5] Charry, K. (2012). Leadership Theories – 8 Major Leadership Theories.
Retrieved February 7, 2020, from http://psychology. about.com/od/leadership/p/leadtheories.htm
[6] Domingo, O. (2004). Indigenous Leadership and Governance. Retrieved
February 10, 2020, from https://www.scribd.com/document/396019628/05-Indigenous-Leadership-and-Governance
[7] Hassan, F. (2015). The Importance of Ethical Leadership and Personal Control in promoting Improvement-Centered Voice among Government Employees. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 25(3), pp. 697-719. DOI; 10.1093/part/muu055
[8] Karthikeyan, C. (2017). Exploring 7 Level Consciousness in a Leader and Organisation: A Leadership Personality Perspective. Retrieved February 11, 2020, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332933959_Exploring_7_Level_Conciousness_in_a_Leader_and_Organisation_A_Leadership_Personality_Perspective
[9] Lewis, M. & Shacklock, A.H. (2007). Leading with integrity: a fundamental principle of integrity and good governance. Retrieved February 11, 2020
[10] Northouse, G. (2007). Leadership Theory and Practice (3rd ed.) Thousand Oak: Sage Publications.
[11] Resilience Leadership, (2020). Resilience Leadership. Retrieved February 7, 2020, from https://www.resilience-leadership.com/leadership
[12] Trevino, L., Brown, M., & Hartman, L. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision, 97(2), 117-134. DOI; 10.1016/j.obhdp..03.002
[13] Wolinski, S. (2010). Leadership Theories. Retrieved February 11, 2020,
Fromhttp://managementhelp.org/blogs/leadership/2010/04/21/leadership-theories/
[14] Yin, R. (2009). Development 3 Case study is most useful for. Retrieved
February 5, 2020, from https://www.coursehero.com/file/p6uir6j/development-3-the-case-study-is-most-useful-for-generating-hypotheses-whereas/
Roel Jr. D. Apas , “FIRE Leadership: A Case Study of the Blaan Tribe in Municipality of Kiblawan, Davao del Sur.” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.312-322 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5906
Download PDF
Using Assorted Fruits to Teach Cultural and Creative Art Concepts in Primary Schools in Nasarawa State
Keswet, Larai Andrew, Pam Gavou Thomas, Pam Jerry Thomas – September 2021 – Page No.: 323-327
This study identified fruits that could be used to teach cultural and creative art concepts in the primary school. The area of the study was Nasarawa State. The research design was survey. Teachers in government and private primary schools formed the respondents. A sample of 200 teachers was randomly selected. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Reliability coefficient of 0.8 was obtained as the overall coefficient for the instrument. The findings of the study revealed that fruits could be used to teach concepts such as colour, shapes, texture, printing, taste, among others. Some recommendations were put forward based on the findings of the study.
Page(s): 323-327 Date of Publication: 06 October 2021
Keswet, Larai Andrew
Department of Science and Technology Educational, University of Jos, Nigeria
Pam Gavou Thomas
Department of Science and Technology Educational, University of Jos, Nigeria
Pam Jerry Thomas
Department of Science and Technology Educational, University of Jos, Nigeria
[1] Barber, M. 1994. Young People and Their Attitudes to School: an Interim Report of a Research Project in the Centre for Successful Schools, Keele University. Keele: Keele
[2] Federal Republic of Nigeria(2014) National policy on Education 6th edition yabba NERDC Press.
[3] George D, Pamplona-Roger M.D and Malaxetxebamia, M.D(2001) Encyclopedia of foods and their Healing power. Spain .MARPA ARTES Graficar.
[4] Kaura, L.Y (2007). Improvisation and production of local resource for early childhood classes in concepts and methods in early childhood education.Gusau.Ol-Faiths prints.
[5] Reasons, V. A. (2000) Professional Standards for Teaching Mathematics. National Council of
[6] Rena (2000). Who will teach: A Case study of teacher education reform. California: Caddo Gap Press.
[7] Saidu M.G and Pam G.T(2009)Human Nutrition.Mangu. Binachik printing press.
[8] Salau, M. O. (1995),An Analysis of students’ enrolment and performance in mathematics of the senior school certificate level. The journal of students in curriculum,5 and 6 (1 and 2)1=8.
[9] Simmel, Georg (2009) [1908]: Sociology. Inquiries into the construction of social forms. Leiden: Brill
[10] Teachers of Mathematics. Journal university of Alberta and Oakland University.(vol.4 pp.26-40). University, Centre for Successful Schools.
[11] Veron,S.(2007). Making ESL Learning fun for pre-school children. Retrieved from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/making-ed-learning-fun-preschol-chidlren.htm on 29th January,2006.
[12] Yan’ware, I.(2007). Methodology and strategies for Handling Early Childhood Education Gusau;OI-Faith prints.
[13] Yaniyang Z.S and Babuje D.G(2008) Preparing to Teach.Jos.WAIS Printing press
Keswet, Larai Andrew, Pam Gavou Thomas, Pam Jerry Thomas , “Using Assorted Fruits to Teach Cultural and Creative Art Concepts in Primary Schools in Nasarawa State” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.323-327 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/323-327.pdf
Download PDF
Effect of Early Marriage on the Academic Performance of the Girl-Child in Katsina State: Challenges and Prospects
Mustapha Sherif Abdulkadir (Ph.D), Aliyu Idris Funtuwa (Ph.D), Ahmad Tijjani Ibrahim (Ph.D) – September 2021 – Page No.: 328-343
This research work explored the effect of early marriage on the academic performance of girl-child in Katsina state: Challenges and prospects. The population of the study comprised six Government Girls Secondary Schools in Katsina State. 377 respondents participated; 58-70 students were selected randomly from each six Girls Secondary in the state for this study based on their population size. A self-designed questionnaire titled as Questionnaire on Effect of Early Marriage and Academic Performance (QEEMAP) with r=0.74 Cronbach alpha was used to gathered data on the study. Data collected were analyzed using chi-square, t-test and frequency count and percentage scores. It shed light its effects on girls’ education and academic performance. The findings from respondents and extensive reading of materials related to early Marriage due to various factors including among others, the search for economic survival, protection of young girls, peer group and family pressure, controlling female behaviour and sexuality, wars and civil conflicts, socio-cultural and religious values. It is against this background, recommendations were suggested to deal with the problems, a number of strategies that will provide economic opportunities to young girls, promoting academic performance and education of girls in Katsina State and Nigeria in particular.
Page(s): 328-343 Date of Publication: 06 October 2021
Mustapha Sherif Abdulkadir (Ph.D)
Federal College of Education Katsina, P.M.B. 2041 Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
Aliyu Idris Funtuwa (Ph.D)
Federal College of Education Katsina, P.M.B. 2041 Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
Ahmad Tijjani Ibrahim (Ph.D)
Federal College of Education Katsina, P.M.B. 2041 Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
[1] Abdul Jimoh, P.A. (2003). Empowering Nigeria Women through Education to enhance National development” in Bakasinawa Journal of Education. F.C.E, Katsina Vol. 1
[2] Abdulkadir, R. (1999). Adolescent Girls in Bangladesh, UNICEF Dhaka.
[3] Adurabola, A.M. (2013) Child Marriage. Issues, problems and Challenges, A paper presented at a One Day Seminar Organized by National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos on the 4th September 3.
[4] Bayisenge, J. (2010). Early Marriage as a barrier to girl’s Education; A Developmental Challenge in Africa. Department of social sciences, National University of Rwanda.
[5] Best. J.W. & Khan, J.V. (2013). Research in Education (19th ed). New Delhi: Pearson Educational Inc.
[6] Bunting, A. (1999). Particularity of Rights, Diversity of contexts; Women, International Human Rights and the Case of Early marriage, Doctoral thesis, University of Toronto, Faculty of Law.
[7] Erulkar, A. & Bello, M. (2007). The Experience of Married Adolescent Girls in Northern Nigeria. The Population Council, Inc.
[8] Hussein, R. (1992). Consanguineous marriage, contraceptive use and fertility in Pakistan; Journal of Biosocial Science 31(I); 123-138
[9] International Center for Research on Women (ICRW). (2008): Too young to wed, Child marriage in their own words. Washington, D.C
[10] Kabeer, N. (2005): Is Microfinance a Magic Bullet for Women’s Empowerment Analysis of findings from south Asia. Economic and Political Weekly.
[11] Kyori, V.A. & Ayodele, J. (2014). The Socio-Economic studies Effect of Early Social Sciences. Vol. 5 No. 14. Pp. 582 – 592
[12] Ladan, S.A. (2012). Relationship between teacher’s perception on self concept and academic performance of primary school pupils in Sokoto South Local Government Area, Sokoto State. Unpublished Phd. thesis.
[13] Le Fevre, J. (2004): Future options foreclosed: Girls who Mary
Early. Drawn in part from the UNICEF report.
[14] Lemu, B & Haren, F. (1978) “Women in Islam” Kano Dar Al-Arabia.
[15] Nguyen, M.C. & Wodon, Q. (2012). “Child Marriage, Pregnancies, and The Gender Gap in Education Attainment: An Analysis Based on the Reasons for Dropping out of school”. Mimeo, Washington, DC: The World Bank.
[16] National Population Census (2006) Abuja, Nigeria.
[17] Quran Chapter, 35, Verse 281.
[18] Sam, O. (2003) “Women Education, Rights and National Stability; A Challenge for Democracy”. In Bakassinawa Journal of Education FCE Katsina Vol. 1
[19] Sani, A.R. (2003). Nigerian Denies Child Bride claim. BBC News
[20] Shehu, U. (2002) Improving Maternal Health Services in Nigeria: WHO News letter 17 (2); http://www.dnestystemsilc.et/whoongr/quarter/matrnal.html.
[21] Suleiman, J.S. (2008) “Early Marriage: Its Implications and the Way out” In Gobarau Journals of Education. FCE Katsina Vol. 5.
[22] United Nations Children’s fund (UNICEF, 2008). Child Marriage and the law, Legislative Reform Initiative Paper Series, Global Policy Section. New York.
[23] UNIFPA, (2006). In Ending Child marriage, a guide for global policy action. International planned parenthood Federation and the forum on marriage and the Rights of women and girls. U.K.
[24] UNICEF, (2000): Early Marriage: Who’s Right to Choose? Mission Statement of the forum on marriage and the Rights of Women and Girls. UK.
[25] UNICEF, (2005): Early marriage: A harmful traditional practice. A statistical exploration, N.Y, USA.
[26] UNICEF. (2001a). Call for stopping child marriages. Retrieved 2 May 2005 fromhttp://www.afrol.com/categories/women/wom025childmarriages.html
[27] UNICEF. (2001b) Child Marriages must stop. Retrieved 3 May 2005, from http://www.google.com/childmarriages
[28] World Health Organization. (1999). Programming for adolescent health and Development. Report of WHO, UNFPA and UNICEF study group, Geneva.
Mustapha Sherif Abdulkadir (Ph.D), Aliyu Idris Funtuwa (Ph.D), Ahmad Tijjani Ibrahim (Ph.D) , “Effect of Early Marriage on the Academic Performance of the Girl-Child in Katsina State: Challenges and Prospects” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.328-343 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/328-343.pdf
Download PDF
The Equivalent of Dixon’s Take Subtype of Motion-C Verbs in English and Buginese: Dixon Semantic Approach
Nur Hikmah, Hamzah A. Machmoed, Harlinah Sahib – September 2021 – Page No.: 344-349
This research aims to (1) identify the motion-c verbs in English and Buginese based on Dixon’s division of Take subtype, and to (2) investigate and analyze both similarities and differences of motion-c verbs of Take subtype in English and Buginese in term of semantic. The data of this research consist of English and Buginese Language. The first data (English) collected from COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English), and the second data (Buginese) obtained from field research by observing and interviewing. Both data were studied with descriptive and qualitative analysis. The result of this research indicated that (1) there are eight motion-c verbs of Take subtype in English: take, bring, fetch, send, move, raise, steal, and lift. In Buginese data, there are twenty-nine verbs refer to motion-c verbs: mala, majjeppu, mangampai (take); tiwi, mattappi, majjujuug, mangessang, mallempa, makkokkong, mabbiccang, mangule, massoppo, marrenreng, matteteng, matteke, mangepa, maddenge’ (bring); aleng (fetch); makkiring, mappelaluang (send); mesa, lette’, lesse’, soro’ (move); mappenre’ (raise); mennau, majjikkau, mallariang (steal); and mangaka’ (lift). The key differences of motion-c verbs in English and Buginese based on Take subtype can be seen from two aspects: locus role and a stance of moving or the way something moved related to the social culture.
Page(s): 344-349 Date of Publication: 06 October 2021
Nur Hikmah
English Language Studies-Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences – Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Hamzah A. Machmoed
English Language Studies-Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences – Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Harlinah Sahib
English Language Studies-Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Cultural Sciences – Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
[1] R. Wardhaugh, Introduction to Linguistics. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1972.
[2] M. A. K. Halliday, Introduction to functional grammar. London: Arnold, 1985.
[3] M. R. A. Latief, N. J. Saleh, and A. Pammu, “The effectiveness of machine translation to improve the system of translating language on cultural context,” IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 575, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/575/1/012178.
[4] B. Bachriani, A. H. Yassi, and F. Rahman, “A Comparative Study of Euphemism in English and Buginese: Pragmatic Stylistics Contexts,” ELS J. Interdiscip. Stud. Humanit., 2018, doi: 10.34050/els-jish.v1i4.5760.
[5] Zulkhaeriyah, N. J. Saleh, A. H. Yassi, and F. Rahman, “Strategy of Apology in Buginese: A Sociolinguistic Study,” ELS J. Interdiscip. Stud. Humanit., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 188–196, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.34050/elsjish.v4i2.14015.
[6] F. R. Palmer, Semantics A New Outline. London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
[7] Patrick Griffith, An Introduction to English Semantics and Pragmatics. Edinburgh: University Press, 2006.
[8] R. M. W. Dixon, A Semantic Approach to English Grammar, Second. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
[9] N. Melansari, “Motion Verbs in English and Wolio Language: A Semantic Point Of View,” Hasanuddin University, 2005.
[10] S. M. Mandala, “Kata Kerja Memberi pada Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Melayu Kupang: Sebuah Review Kerangka Teori Tipe Semantik,” 2016.
[11] D. P. S. Husba, A. H. Yassi, and N. J. Saleh, “Transitivity Analysis of Sexual-Related Language in Eka Kurniawan’s Cantik Itu Luka and its English Version,” J. Ilmu Budaya, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 1–5, 2021.
Nur Hikmah, Hamzah A. Machmoed, Harlinah Sahib , “The Equivalent of Dixon’s Take Subtype of Motion-C Verbs in English and Buginese: Dixon Semantic Approach” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.344-349 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5907
Download PDF
Influence of Youth Participation under Decentralization in Local Governments in Uganda
Shaft Nasser Mukwaya, Dr. Richard Asaba Bagonza, Dr. Grace Lubaale – September 2021 – Page No.: 350-357
This paper investigated the Influence of Youth Participation under Decentralization in Local Governments in Uganda. Using a mixed methods approach, convergent and parallel designs were adopted on a sample of 464 participants including 80 respondents for the interviews. Document analysis guides, interview guide and survey questionnaires were the main instruments of data collection. Quantitative results revealed a positive and significant effect on decentralization in Uganda local governments. The results are in agreement with the interviews and document analysis. This study recommends that; The Government of Uganda in line with the provision of Article 32 of the Constitution should empower the youth economically in order to address their historical marginalization and vulnerability, Cooperation, collaboration and partnership should be established between the state and all the non-state actors in the areas of youth development in order to build synergy, share best practices and conducive environment for youth empowerment in all spheres of life consistent with the global trend of private –public partnership, and The state and the non-state actors who are involved in youth development should adopt the strategy of youth mainstreaming and youth inclusion in all policies, programmes, project, laws and other initiatives in order to ensure that the contemporary interests and concerns of the youth are planned for by all the national, regional and local players.
Page(s): 350-357 Date of Publication: 06 October 2021
Shaft Nasser Mukwaya
Kampala International University, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, P. O. Box 20000, Kampala, Uganda
Dr. Richard Asaba Bagonza
Kampala International University, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, P. O. Box 20000, Kampala, Uganda
Dr. Grace Lubaale
Kampala International University, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, P. O. Box 20000, Kampala, Uganda
[1] DFID-CSO Youth Working Group. Youth Participation in Development A Guide for Development Agencies and Policy Makers [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2021 Aug 30]. Available from: https://youtheconomicopportunities.org/sites/default/files/uploads/resource/6962_Youth_Participation_in_Development.pdf
[2] Mondo, K.F (2001). Mainstreaming Youth Issues in the Ongoing Development Process. The Youth Focus. Issue 1 2001. National Youth Council.
[3] Francis P, James R, Francis P, James R. Balancing Rural Poverty Reduction and Citizen Participation: The Contradictions of Uganda’s Decentralization Program. World Dev [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2021 Aug 30];31(2):325–37. Available from: https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:31:y:2003:i:2:p:325-337
[4] Kiyaga-Nsubuga, John. (2009). Local Governance and Local Democracy in Uganda. Commonwealth Journal of Local Governance. 10.5130/cjlg.v0i2.1006.
[5] UNDP. Decentralization: A Sampling Of Definitions (Working paper prepared in connection with the Joint UNDP-Government of Germany evaluation of the UNDP role in decentralization and local governance) Decentralization: A Sampling Of Definitions. 1999.
[6] World Bank Report (2008). African Development Indicators. Youth and Employment in Africa: The Potential, the Problem, the Promise World Bank. New York City, USA.
[7] Plan U.K. (2009). Literature Review: Youth Participation in Decision Making Processes, London, United Kingdom. Poverty Reduction, Side Studies 2, Stockholm, Sweden. Report submitted to a UN conference on Youth, New York City, USA.
[8] UNICEF. (2007). The Participation of Children and Young people in Emergencies: A guide for relief agencies. Union: http://pjp-eu.coe.int
[9] UNDP. (2013). Enhancing Youth Political participation throughout the electoral Cycle.
[10] Republic of Uganda .(1997). Local Government Act, Government Printery, Entebbe, Uganda.
[11] AAU. (2012). Cost opportunity, Gaps in Youth Policy and programming in Uganda. Action Aid International Uganda.
[12] Lamb, M. (2002). Young Conservatives, Young Socialists and the Great Youth Abstention: Youth Participation and Non-Participation in Political Parties. (A doctoral Thesis). Birmingham
[13] Beetham, D. (2003). Democracy Under Blair: A Democratic Audit Of The United Kingdom, Politicos Publishing, London.
[14] Zandbergen, D. &Rivke, J. (2014). Citizen Participation and Responsibility. Etnofor, Vol.26,No.2, Participation (2014). Stitching Etnofoor. Retrieved from. ww.jstor.org/stable/43264056.
[15] Williams, N., and Vorley, T. (2014). Institutional asymmetry: How formal and informal institutions affect entrepreneurship in Bulgaria. Journal of International Small Business, Doi: 10.1177/0266242614534280.
[16] Prachett, L. & Lowndes, V. (2004). Developing democracy in Europe: An analytical Summary of the Council of Europe’s Acquis. Strasburg: Council of Europe.
[17] Koonings, K. (2004). Strengthening Citizenship in Brazil’s Democracy: Local Participatory Governance in Porto Alegre. Bulletin of Latin America Research 23(1) : 79-99.
[18] Okidi, C. (2015). Youth and Public Policy in Uganda. Nairobi: Youth Policy Press.
[19] Olum, Y. (2017). Literature Review on Youth Participation in Uganda. Kampala, Uganda.
[20] Dauti, M. (2014). Outcomes of Participatory Decision Making: Evidence from Albania. East European Politics and Societies and Cultures, 226–247. doi:10.1177/ 088832541453626
[21] Mills, L. (2016). Decentralisation of Budgeting Processes. Department for International Development and University of Birmingham.
[22] Yerkes, S., & Muasher, M. (2018). Decentralization in Tunisia: Empowering Towns, Engaging People. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. CarnegieEndowment.org/pubs
[23] Agegnehu, A., & Dibu, W. (2017). Does decentralization have a role in poverty reduction? The Ethiopian experience. Journal of African Studies and Development, 9(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.5897/JASD2016.0421
[24] Clarke, R. T. (2019). Decentralization Policy and Citizen Participation in Government: The Case of Liberia [Doctoral Dissertation, Walden University]. Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection
[25] Gamha, M. E. (2019). Civil society advocacy for decentralization and youth participation in local elections through Facebook: The Tunisian Case [Communication for Development]. Malmo University.
[26] Gyampo, R. (2012). Youth Participation in Youth Programmes: The Case of Ghana’s National Youth Employment Programme. The Journal of Pan African Studies, 5, 13–28.
[27] Mushemeza, E. D. (2019). Decentralisation in Uganda: Trends, Achievements, Challenges and Proposals for Consolidation. Advocates Coalition for Development and Environment (ACODE). www.acode-u.org
[28] Gessler, M., & Ashmawy, I. K. (2014). The effect of political decentralization on school leadership in German vocational schools. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 44(2), 184–204. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143214549967
[29] Chirenje, L. I., Giliba, R. A., & Musamba, E. B. (2013). Local communities’ participation in decision-making processes through planning and budgeting in African countries. Chinese Journal of Population Resources and Environment, 11(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10042857.2013.777198
[30] Tsekoura, M. (2016). Spaces for Youth Participation and Youth Empowerment: Case Studies from the UK and Greece. YOUNG, 24(4), 326–341. https://doi.org/10.1177/1103308815618505
[31] Agegnehu, A., & Dibu, W. (2017). Does decentralization have a role in poverty reduction? The Ethiopian experience. Journal of African Studies and Development, 9(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.5897/JASD2016.0421
[32] Collins, M. E., Augsberger, A., & Gecker, W. (2016). Youth councils in municipal government: Examination of activities, impact and barriers. Children and Youth Services Review, 65, 140–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.childyouth.2016.04.007
[33] Yombi, G. Y., Chouaïbou, M., & Agoume, L. Y. (2019). Decentralized Territorial Communities and Implementation of Public Policies: The Case of Cameroon. In B. Açıkgöz (Ed.), Public Economics and Finance-Intech Open (pp. 1–11). Univerité of Yaoundé, SOA. DOI: 10.5772/ intechopen.80617
[34] Collins, M. E., Augsberger, A., & Gecker, W. (2016). Youth councils in municipal government: Examination of activities, impact and barriers. Children and Youth Services Review, 65, 140–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.childyouth.2016.04.007
[35] Harrison, T. M., & Sayogo, D. S. (2014). Transparency, participation, and accountability practices in open government: A comparative study. Government Information Quarterly, 31(4), 513–525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2014.08.002
[36] Allen, L., & Bang, H. J. (2015). Ecological contexts and youth civic and political engagement in Paris, France. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 39, 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2015.04.010
[37] Creswell, J., & Plano Clark, V. (2007). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[38] Morse, J.M. & Linda, N. (2009). Mixed Method Design: Principles and Procedures. Walnut Creek, CA, USA: Left Coast Press Inc.; 193 pages; ISBN 978-1-59874-298-5; US$ 29.95 (paperback).
[39] Morse, J.M. & Linda, N. (2009). Mixed Method Design: Principles and Procedures. Walnut Creek, CA, USA: Left Coast Press Inc.; 193 pages; ISBN 978-1-59874-298-5; US$ 29.95 (paperback).
[40] Creswell, J.W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design. Choosing among five approaches (3e éd.). London: Sage.
[41] Bakkabulindi, F.E.K (2005). Organizational Characteristics as Correlates of the Use of ICT in Makerere University. Unpublished Research Prototype Proposal for the PhD Students, Semester Two, 2014/2015, College of Graduate Studies and Research (CGSR), Kampala International University (KIU), Kampala, Uganda.
[42] UCLA. (2005). UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. Retrieved July 12, 2017, from UCLA Center for Health Policy Research website: healthpolicy.ucla.edu/programs/health-data/trainings/Documents/tw_cba23.pdf
[43] Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006) Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77-101.
[44] Pinto, I.H (2016).Justification for amending the National Youth Council Act. A paper presented during the National Youth Council Consultative meeting on amending the National Youth Council Act (2003) held at Mosa Courts Hotel. Kampala, Uganda.
[45] Makara, S. (2014). NGO’s in Uganda the in typologies, Roles & functions in Governance. Kampala, Uganda: Center for basic research.
[46] Anwar Shah, 2006. “Local Governance in Developing Countries,” World Bank Publications, The World Bank, number 7192, July.
[47] Adeyanju, S.A &Adebanju A. (2013). Participation of Youth in Rural Leadership Development
[48] Katende M. & Pinto, H. (2017). Youth Participation in Local Governance in Uganda. Printed July
[49] Sola-Morales, S., & Hernández-Santaolalla, V. (2017). Political abstention and new forms of political participation of young people: Comparative analysis between Chile and Spain. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 72, 629-648. https://doi.org/10.4185 / RLCS-2017-1183
Shaft Nasser Mukwaya, Dr. Richard Asaba Bagonza, Dr. Grace Lubaale , “Influence of Youth Participation under Decentralization in Local Governments in Uganda” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.350-357 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/350-357.pdf
Download PDF
Influence of Conflict Resolution Styles on Marital Stability among Married Individuals at St. Monica Catholic Church, Kitengela, Kajiado County, Kenya
Flora Nduta Njui, Dr. Rose Gichuki, Fr. Hubert Pinto – September 2021 – Page No.: 358-365
Conflict is normal in close relationships like marriage. For the marital relationship to be stable, it is important to understand the cause of the conflict, the conflict resolution behavior and its impact on the marital relationship. Data was collected from 106 females and 94 males aged between 20 and 60 years at St. Monica Catholic Church, Kitengela County Assembly Ward in Kajiado County, Kenya using the Thomas Kilmans Conflict resolution styles questionnaire. The study used a descriptive correlational research design, data collected through stratified and random sampling and analysed by use of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results showed that the conflict resolution styles; accommodation, collaboration, competition, compromise, avoidance have a significant effect on the marital relationship. Collaboration was also correlated with the highest relationship stability while Avoidance showed a negative correlation suggesting that the continued use may result in reduced marital stability. There was a very slight difference in the ratio of conflict resolution patterns used by male and female. Results showed that children and money were the most common causes of conflict among couples and age at marriage was correlated with marital stability. The study recommends that conflict resolution skills are important in the stability of marital relationship and should be incorporated in premarital counselling in churches and other institutions. There is also need to create awareness to groups and families periodically on conflict and conflict resolution.
Page(s): 358-365 Date of Publication: 06 October 2021
Flora Nduta Njui
Department of Counselling Psychology, Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Institute of Youth Studies, Tangaza University College, Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
Dr. Rose Gichuki
Department of Counselling Psychology, Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Institute of Youth Studies, Tangaza University College, Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
Fr. Hubert Pinto
Department of Counselling Psychology, Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Institute of Youth Studies, Tangaza University College, Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
[1] Archuleta, K. L., Britt, S. L., Tonn, T., & Grable, J.E. (2011). Financial satisfaction and financial stressors in marital satisfaction. Psychological Reports, 108(2), 563-576.
[2] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social science research: Principles, methods, and practices (2nd ed.). Florida: Open Access Textbooks.
[3] Claire M., Kamp D., Miles G.T., (2012). Trajectories of Marital Conflict across the Life Course: Predictors and Interactions with Marital Happiness Trajectories, Journal of Family Issues, 33 (3), p. 341–368.
[4] Davis, C. A. (2015). An Evaluation of the Impact of a Couples Enrichment Program on Relationship Satisfaction, Communication, Conflict Resolution, and Forgiveness.
[5] Dew, J. & Daken, J. (2011). Financial disagreements and marital conflict tactics. Journal of Financial Therapy, 2(1), pp.23-42.
[6] Dimkpa, D., & Maciver, J. (2012). Factors Influencing Marital Stability. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 3(12).
[7] Falcke, D., Wagner, A., & Mosmann, C. P. (2008). The relationship between family of origin and marital adjustment for couples in Brazil. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 19(2), 170–186.
[8] Glenn, N. D., Uecker, J. E., & Love, R. W. B. (2010). Later First Marriage and Marital Success. Social Science Research, 39(5), 787-800.
[9] Kamaara, Eunice, & Joyce Nyairo. 2010. “Ruined Lives: An Analysis of Gender Relations, Sexual Behavior, and HIV and AIDS in Early Twenty First Century Kenya.” In Andrew Burton & Hélène Charton (eds), Generations Past: Youth is East African History: 262–78. Athens (OH): Ohio University Press.
[10] Kenya Bureau of Statistics. (2017). Kajiado county Pdf. Retrieved from: https://www.knbs.or.ke/download/kajiado-county-pdf/
[11] Mahapatra, N. (2012). South Asian Women in the U.S. and their Experience of Domestic Violence. J Fam Vol 27:381–390.
[12] Marang’a, L.W. (2013). Prepare for marriage: A Step to Step Guide to Marital Joy: ISBN: 2030307001340/SKU: 2030307001340
[13] McCoy, K. P., George, M. R. W., Cummings, E. M., & Davies, P. T. (2013). Constructive and destructive marital conflict, parenting, and children’s school and social adjustment. Social Development, 22(1), 641-662.
[14] Mugenda, O.M. and Mugenda, A.G. (2003) Research Methods, Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. ACT, Nairobi.
[15] Ng’ang’a, R. & Wasanga, C. (2010). Assessment of the existing premarital counseling Programs offered in selected PCEA Churches in Kiambu District. Paper presented during the 11th KAPC counseling conference 7th -9th September 2010 at Safari park hotel.
[16] Selvam, G. S. (2017). Empirical research: A study guide. Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa.
[17] Thomas, K. W., & Kilmann, R. H. (2008). Thomas Kilmann conflict mode instrument. CA: Mountain View, CPP, Inc.
Flora Nduta Njui, Dr. Rose Gichuki, Fr. Hubert Pinto, “Influence of Conflict Resolution Styles on Marital Stability among Married Individuals at St. Monica Catholic Church, Kitengela, Kajiado County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.358-365 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/358-365.pdf
Download PDF
International Community Interventions in Somalia’s Conflicts to Promote peace and Security: Amisom Case
Abdullahi Sh-Mohamed Hussein – September 2021 – Page No.: 366-369
Since the Somali government got independence in 1960, the international community intervention in Somalia was existed both politically military and humanitarian. Somalia has entered a new era in its contemporary history, which has taken on a regrettable and destructive character in the areas of security, peace and stability 1991 after collapse of Somali. Therefore. This research examines whether the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) has met its current strategic objectives and, if so, what impact it has had on Somalia’s broader political and security dynamics. The organization is now in its eleventh year of operation. AMISOM is one of a larger group of international actors attempting to restore stability to the country. This constellation highlights the benefits and drawbacks of collaborations in modern peacekeeping missions. It also emphasizes the importance of good coordination among various actors, particularly the Somali government, the African Union (AU), the United Nations (UN), the European Union (EU), and some major bilateral partners, such as the United States and the United Kingdom. As a result, AMISOM is in an unfortunate position. This study will use the quantitative method of information conducted in the literature review and further discussion with Somali government officials Amisom and the other experts. Amongst the techniques that will be used in this study, will be the purposive sampling technique which will allow the researcher to select certain respondents according to their ability to give information. Therefore, the key informants will be purposively selected from various officials. The study will collect both primary and secondary data. Before conducting these interviews, the researcher will have to design an interview guide that will be used in directing the conversation towards the topic and issues involved in this research. The results will be presented in a Microsoft word document.
Page(s): 366-369 Date of Publication: 07 October 2021
Abdullahi Sh-Mohamed Hussein
Master of African Studies and International Relations, Graduate Institute of Social Science, Istanbul Ticaret University, Turkey
[1] Africa Research Bulletin: Political Social and Cultural Series, Vol. 50, no.7 (2013) 19789.
[2] Buzan, Barry (1991). People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in post-Cold War Era (London: Harvester Wheat sheaf).
[3] Erickson, Mikael (2013). External intervention in Somalia’s civil war: Security Promotion and National Interest? FOI-R–3687–SE (Swedish Defense Research Agency, November)
[4] Hohne, M. (2006). Political identity, emerging state structure and conflict in northern Somalia. The Journal of Modern African studies, 44 (3) 397-414.
[5] Imaana Laibuta, 2009: The Somalia Conflict and Its Effects in the Horn of Africa; Institute of Diplomacy and International Studies (IDIS), University of Nairobi
[6] LM Makhubela, 2010: conflict resolution in Somalia: learning from field mediation process.
[7] Mark Bradbury and Sally Healy; 2010: a brief history of the Somali conflict
[8] Mat, T. (1997). Social Research: Issues, Methods, and Process. London Buckingham: Open University Press.
[9] Musoma, Albert Lusiola (2021). Military diplomacy strategies applied by AMISOM in restoration of peace and security in the Horn of Africa. African Journal of Empirical Research, 2 (1), 41-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51867/ajer.v2i1.5
[10] Sabala, Kizito (2011;98). Regional and Extra-Regional Inputs in Promoting (in) security in Somalia, in (Eds) Sharamo, Roba and Mesfin, Berouk: Regional Security in the Post-Cold War Horn of Africa Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2011
[11] United Nations Security Council Resolution 1744. S/RES/1744(2007) (2007)
[12] United Nations Security Council Resolution 1772. S/RES/1772(2007) page 3. (2007)
[13] United Nations Security Council Resolution 1772. S/RES/1772(2007) (2007)
[14] United Nations Security Council Resolution 1801. S/RES/1801(2008) (2008)
[15] www.somaliareport.com; Uganda’s growing influence on Somalia; retrieved on 24th/04/2014
[16] “The situation in Somalia (2019)”. 31 May 2019. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
[17] “69th meeting of the peace and Security Council”. Agence de Presse Africaine. 22 January 2007. Archived from the original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved 9 February 2007.
[18] “https://amisom-au.org/mission-profile/military-component/”
Abdullahi Sh-Mohamed Hussein , “International Community Interventions in Somalia’s Conflicts to Promote peace and Security: Amisom Case” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.366-369 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5909
Download PDF
Perception of Public Secondary School Students towards Parenting Styles of their Parents: A case of Mwingi Central Sub-County, Kitui County, Kenya
Kiteme June Ndanu, Elijah Ndung’u Macharia (PhD) and Joel Kambi Muriithi (PhD) – September 2021 – Page No.: 370-377
Delinquent behaviours are quite prevalent among learners in Mwingi Central Sub-County (MCS-C), however, very little is known about how parenting styles affect students’ behaviours in this locale despite the learners coming from different families. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine the influence of parenting styles on delinquent behavior among students in public secondary schools in Mwingi Central Sub-County, Kitui County (MCS-C, KC), and Kenya. This study aimed at examining the perception of high school students on their parents’ parenting styles. The target population for the study was 36 public secondary schools. A sample of 384 respondents comprising of 192 parents and 192 students were used. Questionnaires and interview schedules was used to gather data. Expert judgment and peer reviews were used to judge the validity of study tools while Cronbach’s Alpha was used to test for reliability. Quantitative data was coded and analyzed with the help of statistical package for social science version 25 to generate frequencies and percentages as well as inferential statistics which was presented in figures and table. The findings in this study on the uninvolved parenting styles on delinquent behaviors on students’ show that many parents do not respond well to the needs of their children and provide little affection, support, or love. Parents rarely set rules and do not offer guidance or expectations for behavior. Another finding of the study shows that an authoritative parenting style usually establishes guidelines to their children. In recommendations, Parents need to evaluate themselves on their roles and failures so as to restore and maintain discipline in their children. They also need to cooperate with teachers and the school administration in order to understand and protect the students out from the delinquent behaviors they may involve in.
Page(s): 370-377 Date of Publication: 07 October 2021
Kiteme June Ndanu
Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Elijah Ndung’u Macharia (PhD)
Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Joel Kambi Muriithi (PhD)
Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
[1] Blocklin, M. Crouter, A. Updegraff, K. & McHale, S. (2015). Sources of parental knowledge in Mexican American families.Journal of Family.Relat. 21 (21) 60, 30–44.
[2] Bronte-Tinkew, J. Moore, K. &Carrano, J. (2016) The father-child relationship, PS, and adolescent risk behaviours in intact families in the United States of America.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology.40 (28) 850-881.
[3] Creswell, J. (2014). A Concise Introduction to Methods Research.Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE
[4] Donnelly, S. & Simon, G. (2016).The relationship between parental socio-economic status and teenagers psycho social behaviour outcomes with a focus on the needs of students and teachers in high schools in India.Social Development 24(56): 52-56.
[5] Emily, M. &Flanry D. (2013). Variation in adolescent helpfulness toward parents in a family context among the Black Americans.Journal of EarlyAdolescence13(3): 228-244.
[6] Kothari, C. (2014). Research methodology-methods and techniques-(4nd revised ed.) New Delhi Publishers.
[7] Lokoyi O. (2015). PS as correlates of aggressive behaviour among in-school adolescent with mild intellectual disability.Psychology and Behavioral Sciences.Vol. 4, No. 3, 2015, pp. 94-100. doi:10.11648/j.pbs.20150403.12
[8] Maccoby E. & Martin J. (1983).Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In: Mussen PH, Hetherington EM, eds. Handbook of Child Psychology. Vol.4. Socialization, Personality, and Social Development. 4thed. New York: Wiley,1-101.
[9] Mugenda, O. &Mugenda, A. (2018).Research methods: Qualitative and quantitative app Acts Press.
[10] Ndetei, T. (2015). Management of adolescents’behaviorproblems among secondary schools’students in Kyuso Sun County.Master’s Thesis.
[11] Nyabuto M. (2014).Influence of PS on adolescent autonomy and self-esteem among Kenyan secondary school students in Wareng District,UasinGishuCounty.http://41.89.160.13:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/75/kimwarey%20margaret. pdf?sequence=1
[12] Santrock, F. (2017). Disciplinary interventions to juvenile delinquency among adolescents in middle schools in Northern Ireland.Education and Treatment of Children.29(20) 295– 315.
[13] Timpano, K. Keough, M. Mahaffey, B. Schmidt, N. & Abramowitz, J. (2010). Parenting and obsessive compulsive symptoms: Implications of authoritarian parenting. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly,24(3), 151-164.
[14] Gfroerer, K. Kern, R. &Curlette, W. (2004). Research support for individual psychology’s parenting model. Journal of Individual Psychology, 60(4), 379-388.
[15] Mayseless, O. Scharf, M. &Sholt, M. (2003). From authoritative parenting practices to an authoritarian context: Exploring the person-environment fit. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 13,427-456
Kiteme June Ndanu, Elijah Ndung’u Macharia (PhD) and Joel Kambi Muriithi (PhD) , “Perception of Public Secondary School Students towards Parenting Styles of their Parents: A case of Mwingi Central Sub-County, Kitui County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.370-377 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5911
Download PDF
Reliability of Assessing Oral Presentations by the University Professionals
K.T.A.C. Kasthuriratna, R.M.M.P. Rathnayaka, V.N. Kodithuwakkuge, C.K. Beneragama – September 2021 – Page No.: 378-383
The fairness and precision of evaluation of Oral Presentations of students by university professionals have become a debatable subject. The effectiveness of the evaluation of PowerPoint presentations was seriously questioned by the students due to its unreliability of scoring procedure. Therefore, it’s important to establish a planned evaluation system for oral presentation based on PowerPoint, to guarantee the fairness for every student. To minimize the potential biases, most of the universities presently adopt Objective Structured Evaluation systems to enhance the transparency and the reliability of the assessments. In view of that, the present study analysed the biasness of assessing the oral presentations of a student cohort of a university. For this study, mean score of each student received from each examiner was taken. Single-factor ANOVA tests were conducted to analyse variances to compare three examiner groups; professors, senior lecturers and probationary lecturers. Tukey simultaneous test was conducted to identify mean differences in each comparison. Strong evidence of differences among the three examiner groups was present. Within the most senior level of professionals, a greater degree of variance was also identified. In addition, there is a variance within the senior lecturer group while the probationary lecturer group did not reflect any significant variance. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated statistically significant differences in the marks awarded for the PowerPoint presentations of undergraduates as influenced by examiners’ experience and seniority both in between examiners and within the same level of examiners.
Page(s): 378-383 Date of Publication: 07 October 2021
Mustapha Sherif Abdulkadir (Ph.D)
189/1, 2nd Lane, Werellawatta, Yakkala, Sri Lanka
R.M.M.P. Rathnayaka
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
V.N. Kodithuwakkuge
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
C.K. Beneragama
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Axelson, R. D. et al. (2010) ‘Assessing implicit gender bias in medical student performance evaluations’, Evaluation and the Health Professions, 33(3), pp. 365–385. doi: 10.1177/0163278710375097.
[2] Batten, J. et al. (2013) ‘The influence of reputation information on the assessment of undergraduate student work’, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. Taylor & Francis, 38(4), pp. 417–435.
[3] Bone, A. (1999). Ensuring successful assessment (p. 32). National Centre for Legal Education.
[4] Brailovsky, C. A., Grand’Maison, P. and Lescop, J. (1992) ‘A large-scale multicenter objective structured clinical examination for licensure’, Academic Medicine. LWW, 67(10), pp. S37-9.
[5] Brown, G. A., Bull, J., & Pendlebury, M. (2013). Assessing student learning in higher education. Routledge.
[6] Camerer, C., Loewenstein, G., & Weber, M. (1989). The curse of knowledge in economic settings: An experimental analysis. Journal of political Economy, 97(5), 1232-1254.
[7] Campbell, K. S. et al. (2001) ‘Peer versus self assessment of oral business presentation performance’, Business Communication Quarterly. Sage Publications Sage CA: Thousand Oaks, CA, 64(3), pp. 23–40.
[8] Chesser, A. et al. (2009) ‘Sources of variation in performance on a shared OSCE station across four UK medical schools’, Medical Education, 43(6), pp. 526–532. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03370.x.
[9] Colliver, J. A. et al. (1993) ‘Effects of examinee gender, standardized-patient gender, and their interaction on standardized patients’ ratings of examinees’ interpersonal and communication skills.’, Academic Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
[10] Cooper, W. H. (1981) ‘Ubiquitous halo.’, Psychological bulletin. American Psychological Association, 90(2), p. 218.
[11] De Grez, L., Valcke, M. and Roozen, I. (2009) ‘The impact of an
innovative instructional intervention on the acquisition of oral presentation skills in higher education’, Computers and Education. Elsevier Ltd, 53(1), pp. 112–120. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2009.01.005.
[12] Dobson, S. (2006) ‘The assessment of student powerpoint presentations-attempting the impossible?’, Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 31(1), pp. 109–119. doi: 10.1080/02602930500262403.
[13] Dorée, S., Jardine, R. and Linton, T. (2007) ‘Let’s talk about student presentations’, Primus, 17(4), pp. 338–352. doi: 10.1080/10511970601131589.
[14] Dunbar, N. E., Brooks, C. F., & Kubicka-Miller, T. (2006). Oral communication skills in higher education: Using a performance-based evaluation rubric to assess communication skills. Innovative Higher Education, 31(2), 115-128.
[15] Gibbs, G. (1992). Developing teaching: teaching more students: No. 4 Assessing more students. Published by The Polytechnics and Colleges Funding Council.
[16] Kift, S. (2002). Harnessing assessment and feedback to assure quality outcomes for graduate capability development: A legal education case study. In AARE 2002 Conference Papers (pp. 1-24). AARE Inc.
[17] Mäkinen, M. et al. (2010) ‘Assessment of CPR-D skills of nursing students in two institutions: reality versus recommendations in the guidelines’, European Journal of Emergency Medicine. LWW, 17(4), pp. 237–239.
[18] Malouff, J. M. et al. (2014) ‘Preventing halo bias in grading the work of university students’, Cogent Psychology. Cogent, 1(1). doi: 10.1080/23311908.2014.988937.
[19] Malouff, J. M., Emmerton, A. J. and Schutte, N. S. (2013) ‘The Risk of a Halo Bias as a Reason to Keep Students Anonymous During Grading’, Teaching of Psychology, 40(3), pp. 233–237. doi: 10.1177/0098628313487425.
[20] McManus, I. C., Elder, A. T. and Dacre, J. (2013) ‘Investigating possible ethnicity and sex bias in clinical examiners: an analysis of data from the MRCP (UK) PACES and nPACES examinations’, BMC medical education. BioMed Central, 13(1), pp. 1–11.
[21] McManus, I. C., Thompson, M. and Mollon, J. (2006) ‘Assessment of examiner leniency and stringency (‘hawk-dove effect’) in the MRCP(UK) clinical examination (PACES) using multi-facet Rasch modelling’, BMC Medical Education, 6, pp. 1–22. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-6-42.
[22] Mengel, F., Sauermann, J. and Zölitz, U. (2019) ‘Gender bias in teaching evaluations’, Journal of the European Economic Association. Oxford University Press, 17(2), pp. 535–566.
[23] Miles, R. (2014) ‘The learner’s perspective on assessing and evaluating their oral presentations’, Proceedings of CLaSIC 2014, pp. 337–352.
[24] Morgan, C., Dunn, L., Parry, S., & O’Reilly, M. (2004). The student assessment handbook: New directions in traditional and online assessment. Southern Cross University.
[25] Niamtu 3rd, J. (2001). The power of PowerPoint. Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 108(2), 466-484.
[26] Niitsu, H. et al. (2013) ‘Using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) global rating scale to evaluate the skills of surgical trainees in the operating room’, Surgery Today, 43(3), pp. 271–275. doi: 10.1007/s00595-012-0313-7.
[27] Schleicher, I. et al. (2017) ‘Examiner effect on the objective structured clinical exam – A study at five medical schools’, BMC Medical Education. BMC Medical Education, 17(1), pp. 1–7. doi: 10.1186/s12909-017-0908-1.
[28] Turner, J. L. and Dankoski, M. E. (2008) ‘Objective structured clinical exams: a critical review’, Fam Med, 40(8), pp. 574–578.
[29] Wiskin, C. M. D., Allan, T. F. and Skelton, J. R. (2004) ‘Gender as a variable in the assessment of final year degree‐level communication skills’, Medical education. Wiley Online Library, 38(2), pp. 129–137.
[30] Živković, S. (2014). The importance of oral presentations for university students. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(19), 468-468.
K.T.A.C. Kasthuriratna, R.M.M.P. Rathnayaka, V.N. Kodithuwakkuge, C.K. Beneragama , “Reliability of Assessing Oral Presentations by the University Professionals” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.378-383 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5912
Download PDF
Impact of Covid-19 on Socio-Economics and the Global Justice System
Nisal Pathiraja, Kiyara de Silva- September 2021 Page No.: 384-397
As the end of 2019 drew nearer, the world eagerly awaited the New Year with high expectations, ranging from individual aspirations such as travelling and career related goals, to more general plans such as those pertaining to technology, the economy and society as a whole. These were soon dissipated with the occurrence of various unpleasant events including environmental tragedies and political unrest. The unprecedented outbreak of this virus has led to governments around the world implementing emergency protocols such as quarantine policies and public awareness programs.
This research focuses on how COVID-19 has made a great impact on world society and its’ functioning. Focus will be given to the origins of the virus and how the pandemic has made certain changes to the socio-economic aspect. It has now come to a point where everyone has to live with the virus until it is completely eradicated, this completion cannot be foretold. Therefore, this research will examine on how day to day life style has changed due to this pandemic and the new trends that have emerged from it. Governments are at the center of control; their actions need to be discussed as not all governments respond the same way. Finally, a detailed analysis will be given in relation to the global justice system on how the pandemic has transformed the traditional procedures. Furthermore, emphasis will be given on certain guidelines and recommendations implemented by various states and institutions in the modification and adaptation of the courts.
Page(s): 384-397 Date of Publication: 07 October 2021
Nisal Pathiraja
University of London
Kiyara de Silva
University of London
References are not available.
Nisal Pathiraja, Kiyara de Silva “Impact of Covid-19 on Socio-Economics and the Global Justice System” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.384-397 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5913
Download PDF
Family Functioning and Psychological Well-Being of Parents Raising Children with Hearing Impairment: A Case Study in Kericho County, Kenya
Nazarine Mbogo, Florence Githuthu (PhD), and Maria Ntaragwe – September 2021 – Page No.: 398-405
Hearing loss may lead to diverse consequences that affect an individual’s quality of life. Parents with children who have any form of impairment bear the burden of providing effective care and support and this results to cases where they feel overwhelmed, disappointed and detached. The purpose of this study was to assess the family functioning on psychological well-being of parents raising children with hearing impairment in Kericho County, Kenya. The study was guided by the McMaster Model Family Functioning (MMFF) theory and it also reviewed the Family Systems theory and Olson Annular theory. Survey research design was used in the study. The target population of the study was 708 participants involving parents of children with hearing impairment and children with hearing impairment from Kericho County with a sample size 70 respondents including; parents and their children with hearing impairments. Data was collected using questionnaires. The findings of the study showed that communication patterns, affective responsiveness, problem-solving impacted on the wellbeing of participants. The study recommends that there should be common language for both the parents and children with hearing impairment in order to enhance effective communication hence parents to learn the Sign Language, to enable them communicate well with their children. The parents should learn how to express their affection to the child with hearing impairment and convey true feelings for their children with ease. Parents should involve children with hearing impairment in the problem solving process in issues that affect them directly. Parents should communicate the expected behaviour and be explicit about consequences that come along with non-compliance.
Page(s): 398-405 Date of Publication: 07 October 2021
Nazarine Mbogo
Department of Psychology, the Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Florence Githuthu (PhD)
Department of Psychology, the Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Maria Ntaragwe
Department of Psychology, the Catholic University of Eastern Africa
[1] Abubakar, A. Alonso, A., I., Vijver, F., Murugami, Arasa, J.N., & Mazrui, L. (2013). Attachment and Psychological Well-being among Adolescents with and Without Disabilities in Kenya: The Mediating Role of Identity Formation. Journal of Adolescence 36(5):849-57. DOI: 10.1016/j. adolescence.
[2] Atwood, J., D., (2001). Family Systems/Family Therapy: Application for clinical practice. Binghamton, NY: The Haworth Press, Inc.
[3] Brice. P. & Strauss. G. (2016). Deaf adolescents in a hearing world: A review of factors affecting psychosocial adaptation. Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, 7, 67-76. DOI; https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S60261
[4] Briffa, D., Davidson, F., & Ferndale. M. D. (2016). An identification of the social and emotional needs of people living with post-lingual hearing loss. JADARA, 50(2), 67-88. Childhood Hearing Loss on the Family: Mothers’ and Fathers’ Stress and Coping Resources. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 21(1), 23–33.
[5] Cole, E. B., & Flexer, C. (2019).Children with hearing loss: Developing listening and talking, birth to six. Plural Publishing.
[6] Creswell, J W., and Vicki L. Plano Clark (2007). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
[7] Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2011). Designing and Conducting mixed method Research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[8] Davids, E.L. (2016). A model examining the relationship between parenting styles and decision making styles on healthy lifestyle behaviour of adolescents in the rural Western Cape. (PhD Dissertation, University of the Western Cape).
[9] Davids, E.L., & Roman, N. (2013). Does family structure matter? Comparing the life goals and aspirations of learners in secondary schools. South African Journal of Education, 33(3), 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/201503070745.
[10] Davids, E.L., Roman, N. V., & Leach, L. (2015). The effect of family structure on decision-making, parenting styles and healthy lifestyle behaviour of adolescents in rural South Africa. African Journal of Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 21(3:2), 953–967.
[11] Davids, J. L., Ryan, J. Yassin, Z., Hendrickse, S. & Roman, N., V., (2016). Family structure and functioning: Influences on adolescents psychological needs, goals and aspirations in a South African setting. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 26(4), 351-356. Disabilities in Kenya: The Mediating Role of Identity Formation. Journal of Adolescence 36(5):849-57. DOI: 10.1016/j. adolescence.
[12] Dyson, L. (2010). Unanticipated effects of children with learning disabilities on their families. Learning Disability Quarterly, 33(4), 43-55.
[13] Epistein, N. B., Bishop, D.S., & Levin, S. (2009). The McMaster Model of Family Functioning.Journal of Marital and Family Theory. 4(4) 19-31.
[14] Harrison, M., Page, T., A., Oleson, J., Spratford M., Unflat Berry, L., et, al (2015). Factors affecting Early Services for Children who are hard of hearing. Journal of Language, Speech and hearing Services in schools.
[15] Humphries, T., Smith, S., (2019). Support for Parents of Deaf Children: Common questions and informed, evidence-based answers. International Journal of paediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 118, 134-142.
[16] Karaaslan, O., Diken, I.H., & Mahoney, G. (2013). A Randomized Control Study of Responsive Teaching with Young Turkish Children and Their Mothers. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 33(1), 18-27.
[17] KNBS, (2019). Kenya Population and Housing Census. Volume 1: Population by County and Sub-County. Nairobi. Kenya National Bureau of statistics.
[18] Kuhlthau, K., Kahn, R., Hill, K. S., Gnanasekaran, S., & Ettner, S. L. (2010). The well-being of parental caregivers of children with activity limitations. MCH 14, 155–163. doi: 10.1007/s10995-008-0434-1
[19] Lenders, S. R. (2015). The role of family functioning in the decision-making styles of adolescents in the Overberg area. Psychology 2015.
[20] Moeller, M.P., White. R., & Shisler, L., (2006). Primary care physicians’ knowledge, attitudes and practices related to new born hearing screening. Paediatrics.118, 1357-70
[21] Mweri, J. G, (2019). Why new parents of deaf children also have to learn to cope emotionally with the knowledge that their baby is deaf. Health Pol 2(1)14-16.
[22] Pozo, P., Sarriá, E., & Brioso, A. (2013). Family quality of life and psychological well‐being in Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders: A double ABCX model. (Online). https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12042
[23] Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719–727.
[24] Sola, C., Lopez, L., Padilla, G., Daza, M. & Aguilar-Parra. J.M. (2016) Subjective Psychological Well-Being in Families with Blind Children: How Can We Improve It? Psychology. 7,487.doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00487
[25] Stanescu, D.F., & Romer, G. (2011). Family Functioning and Adolescents’ Psychological Well-Being in Families with a TBI parent. Psychology 2(7) 681-686.
[26] Seligman, M., Darling, R.B., (2007). Ordinary Families, Special Children: a systems approach to Childhood with Disability (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
[27] Thurman, T. R., Kidman, R., & Taylor, T. M. (2015). Does investment in home visitors lead to better psychological health for HIV-affected families? Results from a quasi-experimental evaluation in South Africa. AIDS care, 26(1), 2-10.
[28] Zaidman-Zait, A., Most, T., Tarrasch, R., Haddad-eid, E., & Brand, D. (2016). The Impact of Childhood Hearing Loss on the Family: Mothers’ and Fathers’ Stress and Coping Resources. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 21(1), 23–33.
[29] Zaidman-Zait, A. & Poon, B., T. (2014) Social Support for Parents of deaf Children: Moving toward contextualized understanding. Journal of deaf studies and deaf education, 19(2), 176-188.
[30] Zwane, C., Venter, C., Temane, M. Q., & Chigeza, S. (2012). Black adults’ perceptions of healthy family functioning. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 22(1), 43-48.
Nazarine Mbogo, Florence Githuthu (PhD), and Maria Ntaragwe , “Family Functioning and Psychological Well-Being of Parents Raising Children with Hearing Impairment: A Case Study in Kericho County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.398-405 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5916
Download PDF
Transition of University Libraries to Adapt to the New Normal: A mid- and post-COVID-19 Response
Wilfred Jeyatheese Jeyaraj- September 2021 – Page No.: 406-411
The aim of this research is to examine the response of university libraries during the COVID-19 outbreak and to establish the practices in carrying out their operational procedures, delivery models, implemented tactics and overall functioning. This study adheres to a quantitative approach. Though, during the pandemic, most of the university libraries were physically inaccessible to readers, they continued to adapt practices to interactively disseminate information and services to its users. Libraries were able to introduce and familiarize their users to new technologies and tools that could adequately serve students and faculty. This study reveals that the efforts and innovations of the libraries and librarians were instrumental in keeping alive the library mission, despite the loss of some services. Hence, this research focuses on revealing the practices adapted, their effectiveness, limitations and presents recommendations for the functioning of an efficient post-COVID-19 University Library framework.
Page(s): 406-411 Date of Publication: 07 October 2017
Wilfred Jeyatheese Jeyaraj
Eastern University, Sri Lanka
[1] Weiss, S. R. (2020). Forty years with coronaviruses. The Journal of experimental medicine, 217(5).
[2] Rafiq, M., Batool, S. H., Ali, A. F., & Ullah, M. (2021). University libraries response to COVID-19 pandemic: A developing country perspective. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47(1), 102280.
[3] Ifijeh, G., & Yusuf, F. (2020). Covid–19 pandemic and the future of Nigeria’s university system: The quest for libraries’ relevance. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 46(6), 102226.
[4] Asif, M., & Singh, K. K. (2020). Trends, opportunities and scope of libraries during Covid-19 pandemic. IP Indian Journal of Library Science and Information Technology, 5(1), 24-27.
[5] Alajmi, B. M., & Albudaiwi, D. (2020). Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: Where Do Public Libraries Stand?. Public Library Quarterly, 1-17.
[6] Goddard, J. (2020). Public libraries respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, creating a new service model. Information Technology and Libraries, 39(4).
[7] Matthews, J. R. (2020). COVID-19 and public libraries: A real paradigm shift.
[8] Haasio, A., & Kannasto, E. (2020). Covid-19 and its impact on Finnish public libraries. Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries, 3-19.
[9] Tammaro, A. M. (2020). COVID 19 and Libraries in Italy. International Information & Library Review, 52(3), 216-220.
[10] Guo, Y., Yang, Z., Yang, Z., Liu, Y. Q., Bielefield, A., & Tharp, G. (2020). The provision of patron services in Chinese academic libraries responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Library Hi Tech.
[11] Fasae, J. K., Adekoya, C. O., & Adegbilero-Iwari, I. (2020). Academic libraries’ response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Library Hi Tech.
[12] Temiz, S., & Salelkar, L. P. (2020). Innovation during crisis: exploring reaction of Swedish university libraries to COVID-19. Digital Library Perspectives.
[13] Gmiterek, G. (2021). Polish university libraries social networking services during the COVID-19 pandemic spring term lockdown. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47(3), 102331.
[14] Yu, F., & Mani, N. (2020). How American academic medical/health sciences libraries responded to the COVID-19 health crisis: An observational study. Data and Information Management, 4(3), 200-208.
[15] Wijayasundara, N. D. (2021). Disaster Preparedness in Sri Lankan University Libraries: Before COVID-19. Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association, 1-17.
[16] Mehta, D., & Wang, X. (2020). COVID-19 and digital library services–a case study of a university library. Digital library perspectives.
[17] Pambayun, K. G. (2021). Digital Libraries during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Bibliometric Analysis and Information Mapping. Indonesian Journal of Librarianship, 17-30.
[18] Martínez-Cardama, S., & Pacios, A. R. (2020). Twitter communication of university libraries in the face of Covid-19. El Profesional de la Información, 29(6).
[19] Samanta, M. (2020). Library access policies post COVID-19 pandemic. Available at SSRN 3610042.
[20] Nawaz, N., Gomes, A. M., & Saldeen, M. A. (2020). Artificial intelligence (ai) applications for library services and resources in covid-19 pandemic. Artificial intelligence (AI), 7(18), 1951-1955.
[21] Naeem, S. B., & Bhatti, R. (2020). The Covid‐19 ‘infodemic’: a new front for information professionals. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 37(3), 233-239.
[22] Mestri, D. D. (2020). Reopening libraries in COVID 19 pandemic: challenges and recommendations. Journal of Advances in Library and Information Science, 9(2), 36-45.
[23] Martzoukou, K. (2020). Academic libraries in COVID-19: a renewed mission for digital literacy. Library management.
[24] Santos, M. C. (2020). Libraries respond to COVID-19. Texas Library Journal, 96(2), 64-73.
[25] Smith, J. (2020). Information in crisis: Analysing the future roles of public libraries during and post-COVID-19. Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association, 69(4), 422-429.
[26] Pokorná, L., Indrák, M., Grman, M., Stepanovsky, F., & Smetánková, M. (2020). Silver lining of the COVID-19 crisis for digital libraries in terms of remote access. Digital Library Perspectives.
[27] Craft, A. R. (2020). Remote work in library technical services: Connecting historical perspectives to realities of the developing COVID-19 pandemic. Serials Review, 46(3), 227-231.
[28] Holland, B. (Ed.). (2021). Handbook of Research on Library Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. IGI Global.
[29] Tsekea, S., & Chigwada, J. P. (2020). COVID-19: strategies for positioning the university library in support of e-learning. Digital Library Perspectives.
[30] Pionke, J. J. (2020). COVID-19, accessibility, and libraries: A call to action. College & Research Libraries News, 81(8), 398.
[31] Ali, M. Y., & Gatiti, P. (2020). The COVID‐19 (Coronavirus) pandemic: reflections on the roles of librarians and information professionals. Health information & libraries journal, 37(2), 158-162.
[32] Okike, B. I. (2020). Information dissemination in an era of a pandemic (COVID-19): librarians’ role. Library Hi Tech News.
[33] Geiger, C. (2013). Copyright and Digital Libraries: Securing Access to Information in the Digital Age1. In Digital Rights Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 99-114). IGI Global.
[34] Becker-Redd, K., Lee, K., & Skelton, C. (2018). Training student workers for cross-departmental success in an academic library: A new model. Journal of Library Administration, 58(2), 153-165.
Wilfred Jeyatheese Jeyaraj “Transition of University Libraries to Adapt to the New Normal: A mid- and post-COVID-19 Response” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.406-411 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5919
Download PDF
Perceived Service Quality and Higher Education Satisfaction of College Students in Panabo City, Philippines
Najah Ranain – Abdulah -September 2021 Page No.: 412-417
The link of satisfaction of students on the quality of services of higher education have been studied for decades, with different degree of relationship established in different contexts. This study aims to contribute to this body of knowledge by determining which attribute of perceived service quality best influence higher education among college students in Panabo City, Philippines. A sample of N=420 students from higher education institutions in Panabo City, Philippines were the main respondents of a structured survey using two instruments on perceived service quality and higher education satisfaction. The respondents demonstrated a high level of perceived service quality and displayed a high level or higher education satisfaction. Furthermore, it revealed a significant correlation between perceived service quality and higher education satisfaction. Moreover, of the five indicators on perceived service quality, service attitude significantly influences higher education satisfaction.
Page(s): 412-417 Date of Publication: 08 October 2017
Najah Ranain – Abdulah
College of Business Administration Education, University of Mindanao, Philippines
[1] Alves, H. and Raposo, M. (2010). The influence of university image on student behaviour. International Journal of Educational Management.
[2] Beaumont, D.J. (2012). Service quality in higher education: The students’viewpoint. University of Manchester, Manchester Business School,Manchester, UK.
[3] Belay, G. (2019). The Effect Of Service Quality On Student Satisfaction:EvidenceFrom
[4] Private Universities In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Doctoral dissertation,Addis Ababa University).
[5] Chandra, T., Hafni, L., Chandra, S., Purwati, A.A. and Chandra, J. (2019). The influence of service quality, university image on student satisfaction andstudent loyalty. Benchmarking: An International Journal.
[6] Daniel, D., Liben, G. and Adugna, A. (2017). Assessment of Students’Satisfaction: A Case Study of Dire Dawa University, Ethiopia. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(4), pp.111-120.
[7] Farahmandian, S., Minavand, H. and Afshardost, M. (2013). Perceived service quality and student satisfaction in higher education. Journal of Businessand Management, 12(4), pp.65-74.
[8] Francis, N. (2016). An Examination of the Effects of Instructor Appearance on College Student Satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation, Nova SoutheasternUniversity).
[9] Gonzales, E. D. (2016). Principles of Marketing. 1st Edition. Pasay City,Philippines. JFS Publishing Services
[10] Hanaysha, J.R., Abdullah, H.H. and Warokka, A. (2011). Service quality and students’satisfaction at higher learning institutions: The competingdimensions of Malaysian universities’ competitiveness. The Journal of Southeast Asian Research, 2011, pp.1-10
[11] Içli, G. E., & Anil, N. K. (2014). The HEDQUAL scale: A new measurement scaleof service quality for MBA programs in higher education. South AfricanJournal of Business Management, 45(3), 31-43.
[12] Ismail, A. and Yunan, Y.M. (2016). Service quality as a predictor of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. LogForum, 12(4), pp.269-283.
[13] Kotler, P., and Keller, K. L. (2012). Marketing Management (14th ed.). London: Pearson Education, Inc.
[14] Malik, M.E., Danish, R.Q. and Usman, A. (2010). The impact of service quality on students’ satisfaction in higher education institutes of Punjab. Journal of Management Research, 2(2), pp.1-11.
[15] Mang’unyi, E.E. and Govender, K. (2018). Perceived Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction–Employees’ Perspectives of Kenyan Private Universities. Alternation Journal, 25(1), pp.89-111.
[16] Rojas-Méndez, J.I., Vasquez-Parraga, A.Z., Kara, A.L.I. and Cerda-Urrutia, A., (2009). Determinants of student loyalty in higher education: A tested relationship approach in Latin America. Latin American Business Review, 10(1), pp.21-39.
[17] Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1985). A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of marketing, 49(4), 41-50.
[18] Pring, V.A. (2012). Curriculum Model for Medical Technology: Lessons from International Benchmarking. Online Submission, 3, pp.292-301.
[19] Saleem, S., Moosa, K., Imam, A. and Ahmed Khan, R. (2017). Service quality and student satisfaction: the moderating role of university culture, reputation and price in education sector of Pakistan. Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 10(1), pp.237-258.
[20] Satici, S. A., & Uysal, R. (2015). Well-being and problematic Facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 49, 185-190.
[21] Sokoli, D., Koren, A., & Gutierrez, C. (2018). Student’s perception of academic quality: A review of the literature. Management, 16, 18.
[22] Weerasinghe, I. S., & Fernando, R. L. (2017). Students’ satisfaction in higher education. American journal of educational research, 5(5), 533-539.
Najah Ranain – Abdulah, “Perceived Service Quality and Higher Education Satisfaction of College Students in Panabo City, Philippines” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.412-417 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5920
Download PDF
Effect of Supply Chain Resilience on Organizational Performance among Selected Manufacturing Firms in Nairobi, Kenya
Peter Kosgey – September 2021 – Page No.: 418-422
Every organizational main reason, together with supply chain resilience, ought to eventually lead to improved organizational performance. Those firms that have became resilient endeavor such proactive efforts as an essential or vital point of administrative consideration, are in a better position to enjoy a longer survival with manageability. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of supply chain resilience on organizational performance. The resource-based view theory (RVB) was used to ground this study. Explanatory research design was adopted, of a survey method conducted on selected manufacturing firms in Nairobi. The target population of this study was 478, Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 237 purchasing managers. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to test what was hypothesized in the study and specifically to establish the effect between the variables. The statistical results revealed that environmental uncertainty and information management had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance (β = 0.450; p<0.05; β = 0.230; p<0.05). This research in its conclusion showed the existence of interdependence of supply chain resilience with organizational performance. The study recommends that organizations should fully recognize the nature of fundamental inventory network resilience and have proceeded with center around looking for effective changes. Flexibility could be additionally contemplated with regards to dyadic purchaser provider connections.
Page(s): 418-422 Date of Publication: 08 October 2021
Peter Kosgey
Lecturer, Graduate School. University of Kigali-Rwanda
[1] Acedo, F. J., Barroso, C., & Galan, J. L. (2006). The resource‐based theory: dissemination and main trends. Strategic management journal, 27(7), 621-636.
[2] Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120.
[3] Barney, J. B., & Clark, D. N. (2007). Resource-based theory: Creating and sustaining competitive advantage. Oxford University Press on Demand.
[4] Business Continuity Institute.( 2011). Supply Chain Resilience 2011. 3rd Annual Survey, November 2011. http://www. bcipartnership.com/supplychainform.html.
[5] Chen, I. J., & Paulraj, A. (2004). Towards a theory of supply chain management: the constructs and measurements. Journal of operations management, 22(2), 119-150.
[6] Christopher, M., & Peck, H. (2004). Building the Resilient Supply Chain. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 15(2), 1-14.
[7] Cook, L. S., Heiser, D. R., & Sengupta, K. (2011). The moderating effect of supply chain role on the relationship between supply chain practices and performance: An empirical analysis. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management.
[8] Crook, T. R., Ketchen Jr, D. J., Combs, J. G., & Todd, S. Y. (2008). Strategic resources and performance: a meta‐analysis. Strategic management journal, 29(11), 1141-1154.
[9] Johnson, M. W., Christensen, C. M., & Kagermann, H. (2008). Reinventing your business model. Harvard business review, 86(12), 57-68.
[10] Jüttner, U., Christopher, M., & Godsell, J. (2010). A strategic framework for integrating marketing and supply chain strategies. Management, 21(1), 104-126.
[11] Ketchen Jr, D. J., & Hult, G. T. M. (2007). Bridging organization theory and supply chain management: The case of best value supply chains. Journal of operations management, 25(2), 573-580.
[12] Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Age International.
[13] Lambert, R., Leuz, C., & Verrecchia, R. E. (2007). Accounting information, disclosure, and the cost of capital. Journal of accounting research, 45(2), 385-420.
[14] Li, S., Ragu-Nathan, B., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., & Rao, S. S. (2006). The impact of supply chain management practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance. Omega, 34(2), 107-124.
[15] Linnenluecke, M., & Griffiths, A. (2010). Beyond adaptation: resilience for business in light of climate change and weather extremes. Business & Society, 49(3), 477-511.
[16] Mentzer, J. T., Min, S., & Bobbitt, L. M. (2004). Toward a unified theory of logistics. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management.
[17] Mentzer, J. T., Stank, T. P., & Esper, T. L. (2008). Supply chain management and its relationship to logistics, marketing, production, and operations management. Journal of business logistics, 29(1), 31-46.
[18] Morris, M., & Carter, C. R. (2005). Relationship marketing and supplier logistics performance: an extension of the key mediating variables model. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 41(4), 32-43.
[19] Olavarrieta, S., & Ellinger, A. E. (1997). Resource‐based theory and strategic logistics research. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management.
[20] Pettersen, J. (2009). Defining lean production: some conceptual and practical issues. The TQM journal.
[21] Priem, R. L., & Butler, J. E. (2001). Is the resource-based “view” a useful perspective for strategic management research?. Academy of management review, 26(1), 22-40.
[22] Tan, K. C. (2002). Supply chain management: practices, concerns, and performance issues. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 38(4), 42-53.
[23] Tan, K. C. (2002). Supply chain management: practices, concerns, and performance issues. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 38(4), 42-53.
[24] Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic management journal, 28(13), 1319-1350.
[25] Wieland, A., & Wallenburg, C. M. (2012). Dealing with supply chain risks: Linking risk management practices and strategies to performance. International journal of physical distribution & logistics management.
[26] Womack, J. P., Jones, D. T., & Roos, D. (1990). The machine that changed the world, Rawson Associates. New York, 323, 273-287.
[27] Yu, Z., Golpîra, H., & Khan, S. A. R. (2018). The impact of GSCM on manufacturing enterprise’s performance. Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems, 17(04), 445-459.
[28] Zeithaml, V. A., Bolton, R. N., Deighton, J., Keiningham, T. L., Lemon, K. N., & Petersen, J. A. (2006). Forward-looking focus: can firms have adaptive foresight?. Journal of Service Research, 9(2), 168-183.
Peter Kosgey, “Effect of Supply Chain Resilience on Organizational Performance among Selected Manufacturing Firms in Nairobi, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.418-422 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5922
Download PDF
Influence of Indexicals in President Muhammad Buhari’s Speech at the First National Executive Congress (NEC) of All Progressives Congress (APC) At the Party’s Headquarters, Abuja
Abdullahi Muhammad Sani – September 2021 Page No.: 423-428
This work investigates the use of Indexicals in the speech delivered by President Muhammad Buhari at the first national executive summit of All Progressive Congress (APC) held on 14th of July, 2015 at Abuja. Though, Indexicals are expressive words that signal the appropriate use of information in text. They serve to point to objects, personalities and ideas particularly in art works. This paper was targeted at examining the characteristic indexical used as text creating linguistic features in the selected text. The corpus for the study consists of fourteen paragraphs. The method of data analysis was descriptive. The findings show that Indexicals are significant features in the printed text. Pronoun Indexicals point at personalities and topics, while adjectives describe events, and adverbs point at times and manners in which such events occur. The paper, suggests students of ESP and journalists should be encouraged to use Indexicals as they undergo formal writings.
Page(s): 423-428 Date of Publication: 08 October 2021
Abdullahi Muhammad Sani
B. A. Ed. (Language Arts), M. A. (ESP)
Department of English Language Education, Adamawa State Polytechnic, Yola, Nigeria
[1] Filmore, C. (1972). ‘’How to know whether you are coming or going’’ in Karl Hylguard. Jensen (Ed)Linguistik 1971: Konigstein, Germany: Anthenaum – Verlag.
[2] Jauro L., and N. John. (2012). Indexicals in Television News Broadcast: In Research on Humanities and Social Science Vol 2, IISTE’s homepage: http://www.iiste.org
[3] Kaplan, D (1989a) ‘’Demonstratives’’ in Almog Perry J, and Wettstein, H (1989) Themes from Kaplan. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[4] Levinson, S.C. (1983), Pragmatics: Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[5] Lewis, D (1983), Philosophical papers Vol. 1 Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[6] L. Vygotsky, Thought and language. edited and translated by Eugenia Hanfmann and Gertrude Vaka1962, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press; NY: John Wiley
[7] Moris, C. (1938), Foundation of the theory of signs Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.
[8] Naij.com news (2015, July 14) Tags: All Progressives Congress apc APC NEC Meeting in Abuja Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari
[9] Perry, J. (2001), Reference and Reflexivity, Stand Ford: CSLI Publications.
Abdullahi Muhammad Sani “Influence of Indexicals in President Muhammad Buhari’s Speech at the First National Executive Congress (NEC) of All Progressives Congress (APC) At the Party’s Headquarters, Abuja” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.423-428 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/423-428.pdf
Download PDF
Effect of Stakeholders’ Participation on Sustainability of Community Projects in Ruhango District, Rwanda
Jean Baptiste Habumuremyi, Thomas K Tarus – September 2021 – Page No.: 429-433
Stakeholders’ participation is a major concern in this modern global economy whenever it comes to the sustainability of community development projects. The international community is constantly pushing the less developed world to engage community members in deliberations concerning problems that impact their well-being. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of stakeholders’ participation on sustainability of community projects in Rwanda. The study was anchored on sustainability and stakeholder theory. The study adopted descriptive research design with the sample size 401 participants. The results revealed that passive participation and interactive participation had a positive and significant relationship on sustainability of community projects(β = 0.739; p<0.05;β = 0.194; p<0.05). Thus, the study concluded that predictor variables positively and significantly affect sustainability of community projects. Stakeholder participation is a vital activity as it ensures that every member of the project is part of the decision making. The study recommends the community projects needs to increase the extent of extent of passive participation amongst the stakeholders as this will yield better sustainability outcomes. Also there is need to enhance the extent of interactive participation with the stakeholders’ to strengthen their capacities in project management hence greater sustainability for projects success.
Page(s): 429-433 Date of Publication: 08 October 2021
Jean Baptiste Habumuremyi
Masters student, Graduate School. University of Kigali-Rwanda
Thomas K Tarus
Lecturer, Graduate School, University of Kigali-Rwanda
[1] Bal, M., Bryde, D., Fearon, D., &Ochieng, E. (2013). Stakeholder engagement: Achieving sustainability in the construction sector. Sustainability, 5(2), 695-710.
[2] Chifamba, E. (2013). Confronting the challenges and barriers to community participation in rural development initiatives in Duhera district, ward 12 Zimbabwe. International journal of current research and academic review, 1(2), 01-19.
[3] Cornwall, A. (2008). Unpacking ‘Participation’: models, meanings and practices. Community development journal, 43(3), 269-283.
[4] Donaldson, T., & Preston, L. E. (1995). The stakeholder theory of the corporation: Concepts, evidence, and implications. Academy of Management Review, 20(1), 65-91.
[5] Emmanuel, N. (2020). Stakeholder Involvement and Performance of Donor Funded Projects in Rwanda: A Case Study of’empowering Youth Through an Inclusive Cooperative Movement in Rwanda Project (EYICM) in Bugesera District. Journal of Advance Research in Business Management and Accounting (ISSN: 2456-3544), 6(9), 25-96.
[6] Freeman, R. E., & Evan, W. M. (1990). Corporate governance: A stakeholder interpretation. Journal of Behavioral Economics, 19(4), 337-359.
[7] Golicha, D. T. (2010). Assessment of stakeholder’s participation in projects formulation: a case of NGOs supporting secondary education projects in Garissa District (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi, Kenya).
[8] Hahirwa, J. G., &Karinganire, C. (2017). Exploring the success and challenges of the Girinka1 programme and the need for social work involvement: Southern Province, Rwanda. Rwanda Journal, 4(1), 121-155.
[9] Hahirwa, J. G., &Karinganire, C. (2017). Exploring the success and challenges of the Girinka1 programme and the need for social work involvement: Southern Province, Rwanda. Rwanda Journal, 4(1), 121-155.
[10] Harvey, P. A., & Reed, R. A. (2007). Community-managed water supplies in Africa: sustainable or dispensable? Community Development Journal, 42(3), 365-378.
[11] Karlsen, J. T., Graee, K., &Massaoud, M. J. (2008). The role of trust in project-stakeholder relationships: a study of a construction project. International Journal of Project Organisation and Management, 1(1), 105-118.
[12] Khalili, N. R. (2011). Theory and concept of sustainability and sustainable development. In Practical sustainability (pp. 1-22). Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
[13] Khwaja, A. I. (2004). Is increasing community participation always a good thing?.Journal of the European Economic Association, 2(2-3), 427-436.
[14] Lennie, J. (2005). An evaluation capacity-building process for sustainable community IT initiatives: Empowering and disempowering impacts. Evaluation, 11(4), 390-414.
[15] Lyons, M., Smuts, C., & Stephens, A. (2001). Participation, empowerment and sustainability:(How) do the links work?. Urban studies, 38(8), 1233-1251.
[16] Masanyiwa, Z. S., &Kinyashi, G. F. (2008). Analysis of Community Participation in Projects Managed by Non Governmental Organizations. Institute of Development Studies, UK.
[17] McGee, R., Levene, J., & Hughes, R. (2002). Assessing participation in Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers: a desk-based synthesis of experience in sub-Saharan Africa.
[18] MINAGRI. (2020). One Cow per Poor Family Pro-gram “GIRINKA” . Kigali: Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources.
[19] Musabyimana, T. (2019). Community engagement on Scientific Research: The process of communicating Agricultural research results to Farmers by the Rwanda Agriculture Board (Doctoral dissertation, Moi University).
[20] Ndekha, A., Hansen, E. H., Mølgaard, P., Woelk, G., &Furu, P. (2003). Community participation as an interactive learning process: experiences from a schistosomiasis control project in Zimbabwe. Actatropica, 85(3), 325-338.
[21] Nyandika, O. F., &Ngugi, K. (2014). Influence of Stakeholders’ Participation on Performance of Road Projects At Kenya National Highways Authority. European Journal of Business Management, 1(11), 384-404.
[22] Ochunga, F. O., &Awiti, L. H. (2017). Influence of Stakeholder Participation on Sustainability of Community Development Projects Implemented by Plan International in Homa Bay Town Sub-County, Kenya. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(4), 375-400.
[23] Swastika, D. K., Manikmas, M. O. A., Sayaka, B., &Kariyasa, K. (2005). The status and prospect of feed crops in Indonesia (No. 1438-2016-118937).
[24] Waas, T., Hugé, J., Verbruggen, A., & Wright, T. (2011). Sustainable development: A bird’s eye view. Sustainability, 3(10), 1637-1661.
[25] Wanyama, K. W., &Mutsotso, S. N. (2010). Relationship between capacity building and employee productivity on performance of commercial banks in Kenya. African Journal of History and Culture, 2(5), 73-78.
[26] Wasilwa, L. (2008). Horticulture for food. CTA Knowledge for Development. Available through http://knowledge. cta. int/en/content/view/full/8244 (Acces 7 July 2009).
[27] World Bank. (2019). Global Financial Development Report 2019/2020: Bank Regulation and Supervision a Decade after the Global Financial Crisis. The World Bank.
[28] Yahia, E. M., & Gonzalez-Aguilar, G. (1998). Use of passive and semi-active atmospheres to prolong the postharvest life of avocado fruit. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 31(7-8), 602-606.
Jean Baptiste Habumuremyi, Thomas K Tarus, “Effect of Stakeholders’ Participation on Sustainability of Community Projects in Ruhango District, Rwanda ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.429-433 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5926
Download PDF
Customer Perception on Internet Banking:A Study on Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd.
Prof. Mihir Kumar Roy,Ph.D, Md.Shakil,MBM. – September 2021 – Page No.: 434-442
The objective of the study was to show the customer perception on Internet banking by identifying factors that influence the performance of bank in Bangladesh. The study was basically a survey on IBBL, Narayanganja branch that used quantitative data & a structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 45 samples drawn on the basis of convenient sampling the results of the study showed that maximum number of respondents responded positively on Internet banking. It was found that customers wanted high level of security in such type of banking and they were likely to grant i-transfer service than i-recharge service. In the part of satisfaction and importance level it was found that respondents were satisfied on IBBL Internet banking service. But people want validated security level certainty and they thought i-recharge and i-transfer system should be improved. Internet banking service is a part of the e-banking bundle and it is an alternative means of offering the customers self-controlled transactions, using the internet as the medium for the transaction.. Bank can expand more service such as foreign exchange and investment in this system. Higher Security level must be applied and employees under this system should be expertised and automatic login features must be avoided in this banking system. The study recommended that future studies should be carried out using non Internet users as respondents to investigate their intentions and perception of the Internet banking services in Bangladesh.
Page(s): 434-442 Date of Publication: 08 October 2021
Prof. Mihir Kumar Roy,Ph.D
Professor & Dean, Faculty of Business Administration, City University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md.Shakil,MBM
Lecturer (Finance & Banking), Department of Business Administration, City University, Dhaka, Bangladesh & Assistant Research Fellow, Independent Perception Research Hub, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[1] Amin (2007), Internet banking adoption among young intellectuals: Journal of Internet banking and Commerce, volume 12, No. 3
[2] Agresti, Alan and Barbara Finlay, 2009. Statistical Methods for the Social Sciences, New Jersey, Prentice Hall. 4th ed.
[3] AHM Saidul Hasan, Md. Azizul Baten, Anton Abdulbasah Kamil and Sanjida Parveen, Adoption of e-banking in Bangladesh: An exploratory study, Dhaka commerce college, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Full length research paper
[4] Boni, K.; Tsekeris, C. (2007): “Electronic Banking”, in Ritzer, G. (ed.), Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology, Blackwell Reference Online
[5] Baraghani Sara Naimi 2007, Factors influencing the Adoption of Internet banking, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden, master thesis
[6] Brent Warrington (2008) Is Your Internet Banking Solution Costing You Customers? First Data Corporation, Retrieved from http://www.firstdata.com/downloads/thoughtleadership/fd_internetbanking_whitepaper.pdf accesed on 19/05/2012
[7] Clark R. (1997), Promises and Threats in Electronic Commerce, Retrieved from http://www.rogerclarke.com/EC/Quantum.html accessed on February 26,2012
[8] Chaffey, D (2002). E-Business and E-Commerce management, Prentice Hall, Pearson Education Limited, London
[9] Daniel, E. (1999), “Provision of electronic banking in the UK and the Republic of Ireland”,International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 17 No. 2, pp. 72-82
[10] Dong Cheng; Gang Liu; Cheng Qian; Yuan-Fang Song; , “Customer acceptance of internet banking: Integrating trust and quality with UTAUT model,” Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, 2008. IEEE/SOLI 2008. IEEE International Conference on, vol.1, no., pp.383-388, 12-15Oct.2008 doi: 10.1109/SOLI.2008.4686425
[11] Gartner (2004) Predicts 2005: Banks to Target Undeserved Customer Segments, Gartner Research, and No. G00123890
[12] Hinson, R. (2005). Internet Adoption among Ghana’s SME Non Traditional Exporters: Expectations, Realities and Barriers to use, Africa Insight, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 20-27
[13] Hutchinson and Warren, 2003 while quoting National Office for the Information Economy, 1999.
[14] Gandy, T. (1995): “Banking in e-space”, The banker, 145 (838), pp. 74–76
[15] Hernandez, J.M.C and Mazzon, J.A. (2006). Adoption of Internet Banking: Proposition and Implementation of an Integrated Methodology Approach, International Journal of Bank Marketing Vol. 25 No. 2, 2007 pp 72 – 88
[16] Ibrahim Khalil Iqbal Ahmad and Md. Delwar Hossain Khan, Internet Banking: Development and Prospects in Bangladesh
[17] Ikechukwu Okonkwo, Behavioral intension to adopt internet banking, Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Sweden, master thesis
[18] Kotler, P. and Keller, K. L. (2006). “Marketing Management.” 12th Edition, Pearson Education Inc. New Jersey
[19] Kwasi Kyere-Duodu Dorcas Dankwaah Yamoah, Adoption of Internet Banking among Ghanaian Consumers: A Study Using Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviour, Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Sweden, master thesis
[20] Lustsik Olga, e-banking in estonia: reasons and benefits of rapid growth, kroon & economy No 3, 2003, retrieved from /www.eestipank.ee accessed on 26/6/2012
[21] Lawrence E. Japhet and Tar Usman (2010).Barriers to ecommerce in developing countries, Information, Society and Justice, Volume 3 No. 1, January 2010: pp 23-35 ISSN 1756-1078
[22] Mayer R.C., Davis J.H., Shoorman, F.D. (1995). An intergrative model of organizational Trust, Accademy of Management Review, Vol.20, No.3, pp. 709-734
[23] Mukharjee and Nath (2003), “Investigating factors affecting users and non-users of using internet banking in Saudi Arabia” Paper no 1
[24] Neuman, W. L. (2006), Social Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches, USA: Pearson Education Inc
[25] Nitsure R.R, 2003, E-banking: Challenges and Opportunities, Economic and Political Weekly December 27, 2003
[26] Ovia Jim (2001), Internet banking: practices and potentials in Nigeria Retrieved from http://www.zenithbank.com/internet_practices.pdf accessed on February 11, 2012
[27] Scornavacca, E. and Hoehle, H. (2007) ‘Mobile banking in Germany: a strategic perspective’, Int. J. Electronic Finance, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp.304–320.
[28] Schiffman et al, 1991, “Consumers perception of displayed product attributes in advertising” chapter-3, p. 50
[29] Saunders M, Thornhill A. (2003). Research Methods for Business Students, 3rd Ed., USA Yin R,K (1994) “Case study research. Designs and Methods 2nd ed” Thousand Oaks; Sage Publications, Inc
[30] Saunders M., Lewis P. and Thornhill A. 2009, Research methods for business Students, Prentince Hall, Pearson Education Limited 5th edition
[31] Sekaran Uma (2000) Research Methods for Business – A Skill Building Approach, 4th Edition Wang Ming, (2003) Assessment of E-quality via E-Satisfaction in E-Commerce Globalization; Carlifornia University, Los Angeles
[32] Tan, M. and Teo, T. S. H. (2000). “Factors influencing the Adoption of Internet Banking.” Journal of Association for Information Systems: Vol. 1, Article 5
[33] Taylor, S. and Todd, P.A. (1995), “Understanding information technology usage: a test of competing models”, Information Systems Research, Vol. 6 No. 2, pp. 144-76
[34] Turban, E. and King, D. (2003). Introduction to E-Commerce. Prentice Hall, Pearson Education
[35] Whiteley D (2000) e-Commerce: Strategy, Technologies and Applications, McGraw Hill, Maidenhead.
[36] Walters et al, 1989, “Consumers perception of displayed product attributes in advertising” chapter-3, p. 49, p. 333
[37] Woldie, A., Hinson, R., Iddrisu, H. and Boateng, R. (2008). Internet Banking: An initial look at Ghanaian bank consumer perceptions. Banks and Bank Systems: Vol. 3, Issue 3, 2008.
[38] Yin, R. K. (2003), Case study research, design and methods, 3rd ed. Newbury Park: Sage Publications
[39] Yi-Shun Wang, Yu-Min Wang, Hsin-Hui Lin, Tzung-I Tang, (2003), “Determinants of user acceptance of Internet banking: an empirical study”, International Journal of Service Industry
[40] Management, Vol. 14 ISS: 5 pp. 501 – 519
Internet Links
[1] www.islamibankbd.com
[2] https://www.homestreet.com/_dwn/personal/online/Best_Practices_for_Personal_Security.pdf
[3] http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Str-Ti/Technology-Management.html
[4] http://www.fnc.gov/Internet_res.html
[5] http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/perception.html
[6] http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/customer-perception.html
[7] http://www.investorwords.com/2182/globalization.html
[8] www.zenithbank.com/internetbanking.cfm
Prof. Mihir Kumar Roy,Ph.D, Md.Shakil,MBM “Customer Perception on Internet Banking:A Study on Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd.
Components ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.434-442 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/434-442.pdf
Download PDF
Ethnic Militias and Democratic Governance in Nigeria
N. H Iwu, PhD, B. O Ajisafe – September 2021 – Page No.: 443-451
Uneven space that characterized the political space during the decades of military rule opened up at the triumph of democracy in 1999 offering minority ethnic groups initially emasculated under dominant ethnic group(s) opportunities to agitate for inclusion and prominence in Nigerian politics. Saturating the political space and contesting ferociously against one another, the Nigerian state is enmeshed in an almost state of nature where the institutional mechanism for dialogue and administration has plummeted. While the agitators find justification on the principle of democracy that creates for equity, fairness, open competition for political offices, the assurance of such remains illusory, thereby offering anchor for the emergence of ethnic militias to contest the closed space against minority groups. Certain questions emerge: why are ethnic militias used as an instrument of bargaining in Nigeria? What type of demands do they make? What are their implications on democratic governance in Nigeria? Drawing from secondary data and theory of state fragility the papers argues that responding to demands from ethnic militias creates more problems as it spurs a circle of agitations that weakens institutions of governance. Therefore, the paper advocates for robust civil societies to contain the state’s drift towards unaccountable governance that breeds sub-groups agitations.
Page(s): 443-451 Date of Publication: 10 October 2021
N. H Iwu, PhD
Political Science and Public Administration Department, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
B. O Ajisafe
Political Science and Public Administration Department, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
[1] Abbink, J. (2000). Preface, “Violation and violence as a cultural phenomenon”, in Gӧran Aijmer and Jon Abbink, Meaning of Violence: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, xi-xvii. Oxford: Berg
[2] Abrahms, M. (2005). What terrorists really want. International Security 32(4): 78-105
[3] Agbo, A. (2005). The trial of a Jesus: Citing selective justice and political vendetta on the part of President Olusegun Obasanjo, some Ijaws stand resolutely behind governor Dieprieye Alamieyeseigha, aka ‘Jesus of the Ijaws’, accused by some at home of corruption and charged abroad for money laundering. Tell Magazine No. 40 October 3.
[4] Agbu, O (2004). Ethnic Militias and the Threat to Democracy in Post-Transition Nigeria. Research Report No 127, NordiskaAfrikainstitutet,. Uppsala
[5] Aijmer, G. (2000) “Introduction: The idiom of violence in imagery and discourse”, in Gӧran Aijmer and Jon Abbink, Meaning of Violence: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, 1-22. Oxford: Berg
[6] Ajayi, J.O. (2007). Oodua Peoples’ Congress (OPC) and Crime Control in the Lagos Metropolis. A Thesis in the Department of Sociology, Submitted to the Faculty of Social Sciences, In partial fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
[7] Albert, I. O. (2011). “Elections and State fragility in Nigeria’s fourth republic” in Isaac O. Albert, Nathaniel L. Danjibo, Olusola O. Isola and Stephen A. Faleti (eds), Democratic Elections and Nigeria’s National Security. Ibadan: John Archers Publishers
[8] Amuwo, K., Adigun, A. B. A., Suberu, R. T., and Hérault, G. (2004). Federalism and political restructuring in Nigeria. Ibadan: Spectrum Books Limited
[9] Azarya, V. (1994). Civil society and disengagement in Africa, in Harbeson, J. W., Rothchild, D., and Chazan Naomi (ed.). Civil Society and the State in Africa. London: Lynne Rienner, 83-102
[10] Binniyat, L. (2012). “If what happens in 2011 should again happen in 2015, by the grace of God, the dog, and the baboon would all be soaked in blood”. www.vanguardngr.com. Accessed 19/03/2021
[11] Blok, A. (2000). “The enigma of senseless violence”, in Gӧran Aijmer and Jon Abbink, Meaning of Violence: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, 23-38. Oxford: Berg
[12] Bloom, M. (2005). Dying to kill: The allure of suicide terrorism. New York: Columbia University Press
[13] Bob, C. (2011). “Civil and uncivil society”, in Michael Edwards (ed). The Oxford Handbook of Civil Society. New York: Oxford University Press, pp 209-219
[14] Bratton, M. (1994). Civil society and political transition in Africa, in Harbeson, J. W., Rothchild, D., and Chazan Naomi (ed.). Civil Society and the State in Africa. London: Lynne Rienner, 51-82
[15] Center for Development and Conflict Management Studies (CEDCOMS). (2003). Ethnic Militias and The Future of Democracy in Nigeria. Ile-Ife: Obafemi Awolowo University Press
[16] Chomsky, N. 2006. Failed states, the abuse of power, and the assault on democracy. The American empire project. Metropolitan Books.
[17] Coggins, B. L. (2015). Does state failure cause terrorism? An empirical analysis (1999-2008). Journal of Conflict Resolution 59(3) 455-483
[18] Coleman, J. S. (1986). Nigeria: Background to nationalism. Benin City: Broburg &Wistrom.
[19] Dahl, R. (1971). Polyarchy: Participation and opposition. New Haven: Yale University Press
[20] Dahl, R. (1976). Modern political analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall
[21] Deutsch, K. W. (1974). Politics and government: How people decide their fate. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company
[22] Diamond, L. (1997). Civil society and democratic consolidation: Building a culture of democracy in a new South Africa, in Rukhsana A. Siddiqui (ed.), Subsaharan Africa in the 1990s: Challenges to Democracy and Development. Westport, CT: Praeger, 3-23
[23] Diamond, L. 1994. Rethinking Civil Society towards Democratic Consolidation. Journal of Democracy 21(2).
[24] Dike, E. O (2015). “Insecurity and Civil Society Response in Nigeria: A Historical Perspective and its Implications for Peace and Development”. African Research Review, Vol 9, No 4, pp 110 – 122
[25] Dudley, B. J. (1973). Instability and political order: Politics and crisis in Nigeria. Ibadan: Ibadan University Press
[26] Edwards, M. (2011). The Oxford Handbook of Civil Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press
[27] Ehikioya, A. (2017). “Federal Government Slams France, UK Roles in IPOB Crisis – High Court Proscribes IPOB.” The Nation, September 21.
[28] Finer, S. (1966). The anonymous empire. London: Paul Mall
[29] Fukuyama, F. (2004). State building, governance, and world order in the twenty-first century. London: Profile Books LTD
[30] Gilbert, L. D (2013) “Ethnic Militancy in Nigeria: A Comparative Re-appraisal of Three Major Ethnic Militias in Southern Nigeria”. Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, Vol 17, No 6
[31] Gowon, Y. and Effiong, O. P. (2001). The Nigerian civil war and its aftermath: Views from within. Ibadan: Programme on Ethnic and Federal Studies (PEFS). Occasional Paper No.1
[32] Harbeson, J. W., Rothchild, D., and Chazan Naomi (ed.), (1994). Civil society and the state in Africa. London: Lynne Rienner
[33] Henderson, E. A. (2008). “When States implode: Africa civil wars 1950-1992”, in Alfred Nhema and Paul Tiyambe Zeleza (eds). The Roots of African Conflicts: The Causes and Costs. Uk: James Currey Ltd, pp 51-70
[34] Holsti, K. J. 1996. The state, war, and the state of war. Cambridge: Cambridge university press.
[35] Horowitz, D. L. (1994). “Democracy in divided societies”, in L. Diamond and M.F. Plattner (eds), Nationalism, Ethnic Conflicts, and Democracy. Baltimore & London: John Hopkins University Press
[36] Isumonah, V. A., and Gaskia, J. (2001). Ethnic groups and conflicts: The SouthSouth zone of Nigeria. Ibadan: The Lord’s Creations
[37] Iwu, H. N. (2010). “Leadership and Good Governance: Civil Society Perspective” Africa: Journal of Contemporary Issues, 8, (8). 32-44
[38] Iwu, H. N., and Oko, C. O. (2013). Amnesty and the question of national security: the case of Boko Haram in Nigeria. In A. Sesan Ayodele, Ibiyinka O. Solarin, & Taiwo S. Adenegan (eds) Nigeria’s socio-economic and political dilemmas: the challenges and the way out. Proceedings of the 1st Achievers National Conference on Public Policy. Ibadan, Intanitina G M Publishers, 140-153
[39] Iwu, H.N. (2010). Beyond the eagle eyes of EFCC. In Anowai, E.C (ed.) Corruption: The bane of Nigeria’s development. Publication by Pope John Paul 11 Annual Memorial Lecture Series. ( 6). Major Seminary Akwa, Anambra State. 204-226.
[40] Jibo, M., Simbine, A. T., Galadima, H. S. (2001). Ethnic and conflicts in Nigeria: The Northcentral zone of Nigeria. Vol. 4. Programme on Ethnic and Federal Studies (PEFS).
[41] Johnson, D., Akinrefon, D., Nwabughiogu, L., and Badru, D. (2021). Insecurity: Prove to Nigerians you don’t support criminality, Southwest governors tell FG. Vanguard Newspaper. 27. No. 64273
[42] Joseph, R. (1987). Democracy and prebendal politics in Nigeria: The rise and fall of the second republic. Ibadan: Spectrum Books
[43] Kant, I. (1795). “Perpetual peace”, repr, in H. Reiss (ed), Kant’s Political Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1992), 93-131
[44] Kasfir, N. ed. (1998). Civil society and democracy in Africa: Critical Perspectives. London: Frank Cass.
[45] Kew, D. “Democratizing Donor-Civil Society Relations: Evidenced from Governance Programs in Nigeria” in Richard Joseph and Alexandra Gillies, Eds. Smart aid for African development. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2009. 207-227
[46] Lijphart, A. (1977). Democracy in plural societies: A comparatives exploration. New Haven and Yale University Press
[47] Maclean, S. J. (2008). “Fighting locally, connecting globally: Inside and outside dimensions of African conflict”, in Alfred Nhema and Paul Tiyambe Zeleza (eds). The Roots of African Conflicts: The Causes and Costs. Uk: James Currey Ltd, 166-180
[48] Makumbe J. Mw. (1998). “Is There Civil a Society in Africa?”International Affairs 74, (2) 305-317.
[49] Markovitz, I. L. (1998). Uncivil society, capitalism and the state in Africa, in Nelson Kasfir (ed), Civil SOCIETY AND Democracy in Africa: Critical Perspectives. London: Frank Cass, 21-53.
[50] Mazrui, A. A. (2008). “Conflicts in Africa: An overview”, in Alfred Nhema and Paul Tiyambe Zeleza (eds). The Roots of African Conflicts: The Causes and Costs. Uk: James Currey Ltd, pp 36-50
[51] Nicolas van de. W. (2007). “Meet the new boss, same as the old? The evolution of political clientelism in Africa” Patrons, in Herbert Kitschelt and Steven I. Wilkinson (eds). Patrons, Clients, and Policies: Patterns of Democratic Accountability and Political Competition. New York: Cambridge University Press, 50-67
[52] Niven, C. R. (1958). How Nigeria is governed. London: Longmans, Green, and CO
[53] Nnoli, O. (1978). Ethnic politics in Nigeria. Enugu: Fourth Dimension Publishers
[54] Nnoli, O. ed. (1998). Ethnic Conflicts in Africa, Dakar: CODESRIA Books.
[55] Nwabueze, B. O. (1993). “A Virile Civil Society,” in Democratization. Spectrum Law Publishing, 84-91
[56] Obadare. E. (2011). “Civil society in Sub-Saharan Africa,” in The Oxford Handbook of Civil Society ed. Michael Edwards. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 183-196.
[57] Obe, E. (2019). Rivers bloody election: Presidential election in Rivers State records high casualties raising fears about future elections and the safety of the people. Tell Magazine/ March 11, No. 10
[58] Ochono, M. E. (2014). Colonialism by proxy: Hausa imperial agents and Middle Belt Consciousness in Nigeria. USA: Indiana University Press
[59] Odoma, U. S (2016).“Democratic Practice and Development of Ethnic Militias in Nigeria”.Pyrex Journal of Political Science and International Relations, Vol 10, No 10
[60] Olorunfemi J. O. (2007). “Ethnic Militia, National Security and Roles of the Nigerian Armed Forces in Democracy: Niger Delta Crisis in Perspective” Nigerian Army Quarterly,2:1, 22-38.
[61] Onwuejeogwu, M. A. (1972). The multi-ethnic nationalities of Nigeria and the problems of governance. Ibadan: Institute of Affrican Studies
[62] Osaghae, E. E. (2002). Crippled giant: Nigeria since independence. Ibadan: John Archers Publishers
[63] Osaghae, E. E. (2018). “Democracy and national cohesion in the multi-ethnic African States: South Africa and Nigeria compared”, in Eghosa E. Osaghae. Transitions, Democratic Process, and Political Stability: Perspectives on African Politics, Governance, and Development. 91-120. Ibadan: BookCraft
[64] Osaghae, E. E. (2018). Ethnicity, ethnic politics, and ethnic nationalism: Perspectives on African Politics, Governance, and Development. Ibadan: BookCraft
[65] Osaghae, E., (1998). “Managing Multiple Minority Problems in a Divided Society: The Nigerian Experience”.Journal of Modern African Studies, No. 36.
[66] Osaghae, E.E. (1994). Ethnicity and its Management in Africa- The Democratic Link. Lagos: Malthouse Press Ltd
[67] Otite, O (2000). Ethnic Pluralism Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflicts in Nigeria. Ibadan: Shaneson C I. Limited (2nded)
[68] Putnam, R. D. (2001). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon and Schuster
[69] Ramon, O. (2021). Governors opposing amnesty for the bandits shouldn’t be taken seriously. Sunday Punch. 25. No. 20, 140
[70] Reno, W. (2004). The root of sectarian violence and its cure, in Robert I. Rotberg (ed.), Crafting the New Nigeria: Confronting the Challenges. Lodon: Lynne Rienner, 219-238 Tocqueville, A. (2004).,(1835, 1840). Democracy in America. Trans A. Goldhammer. New York: Library of America.
[71] Rotberg, R. L. 2004. The failure and collapse of Nation-State: breakdown, prevention, and repair, in R. I. Rotberg (ed) when states fail: causes and consequences. Princeton: Princeton university press.
[72] Schedler, A. (1998). What is democratic consolidation? Journal of Democracy, (9). 2.
[73] Seddon, D. (2002). Popular protest and class struggle in Africa. In Leo Zeilig (ed). Class Struggle and Resistance in Africa. Chicago: Haymarket Books, pp 57-87
[74] Sesay, A., Ukeje, C., Aina, O., and Odebiyi, A. (2003). Ethnic militias and the future of democracy in Nigeria. Ile-Ife: Obafemi Awolowo University Press
[75] Shobayo, I. (2021). Arewa youths quit notice to North-based Yoruba a ploy for anarchy-Middle Belt Youths. Sunday Tribune, March 21. No. 2,299
[76] Siollun, M. (2009). Oil, politics, and violence: Nigeria’s military coup culture 1966-1976. New York: Algora Publishing
[77] Siollun, M. (2013). Soldiers of fortune: Nigerian politics from Buhari to Babangida 1983-1993. Abuja: Cassava Republic Press
[78] Smith M. G. (1965). The Plural Society in the British West Indies. University of Califonia Press
[79] Tell Magazine (2019). The shame of a nation. Editorial. March 11, No. 10
[80] Thompson O.O, Ojukwu C.C, Nwaorgu, O.G.F (2016). “United We Stand, Divided We Fall: Resuscitation of TheBiafran State Succession and The National Question Conundrum”, Jorind Vol.14, No. 1
[81] Tyoden, S. G. (2000). The Middle Belt and Nigeria politics. Jos: AHA Publishers Limited
[82] Ukaogo, V. (2017). Gowon’s three R’s and Yar’Adua’s General Amnesty: An analysis of policy failures, security challenges and consequences in the West African Atlantic Seaboard. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338739945_Gowon’s_Three_R’s_and_Yar’Adua’s_General_Amnesty_an_Analysis_of_Policy_Failures_Security_Challenges_and_Consequences_in_the_West_African_Atlantic_Seaboard. Accessed 15/02/2021
[83] Uroh, C. O. (2004). “On the ethics of ethnic balancing in Nigeria: Federal character reconsidered”, in Kunle Amuwo, Adigun Agbaje, Rotimi Suberu, and Georges (eds). Federalism and Political Restructuring in Nigeria, 191-200. Ibadan: Spectrum Books
[84] Varshney, A (2002). Ethnic conflict and civic life: Hindus and Muslims in India. London: New Haven and Yale University Press
[85] Weekly Express (2000). “MASSOB Leader Released”, Vol. 1, No. 7.
[86] Weir, S. (1999). “Participation and passivity: No room at the top”, in David Campbell and Douglass Lewis (eds), Promoting Participation: Law or Politics. London: Cavendish Publishing Limited, 101-112
[87] Young, C. (1994). In search of civil society, in Harbeson, J. W., Rothchild, D., and Chazan Naomi (ed.). Civil Society and the State in Africa. London: Lynne Rienner, 33-50
[88] Zeleza, P. T. (2008). “The causes and costs of war in Africa: From liberation struggles to the war on terror”, in Alfred Nhema and Paul Tiyambe Zeleza (eds). The Roots of African Conflicts: The Causes and Costs. Uk: James Currey Ltd, pp 1-35
N. H Iwu, PhD, B. O Ajisafe , “Ethnic Militias and Democratic Governance in Nigeria ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.443-451 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5938
Download PDF
Evaluation of Landbased Revenue and Internally Generated Revenue in Enugu State Nigeria
Ifeanyichukwu Valentine, Nwafor, Charles Chukwuweike, Egolum – September 2021 – Page No.: 452-459
Annual budget of government contains all necessary expectations and activities earmarked for the year and some of these expectations fall short of the original design. This study investigated the extent of difference between projected recurrent revenue and the actuals from 2006 to 2019. Contribution of land-based revenue to the internally generated revenue and the growth of land-based revenue and internally generated revenue. The purpose is to evaluate the state performance in economic planning and revenue generation. Data sourced from the annual report of Enugu state accountant general was used. With the use of descriptive statistics is was discovered that the state land-based revenue estimates failed within the entire period to realize what was projected except in 2010 and the performance of her internally generated revenue was very poor. Average contribution of land based revenue to the internally generated revenue was 9% and the growth rate of land based revenue and internally generated revenue are 4.92% and -41% respectively. The study recommended a modernized revenue generation system and strategy for the state and evidenced based internally generated revenue determination approach.
Page(s): 452-459 Date of Publication: 11 October 2021
Ifeanyichukwu Valentine, Nwafor
Department of Estate Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Charles Chukwuweike, Egolum
Department of Estate Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
[1] Abiola, G. A. & Ehigiamusoe U.K. (2014). Analysis of internally generated revenue and its implications on fiscal viability of state governments in Nigeria. Journal of Empirical Economics, 2(4): 216-228.
[2] Adesopo, A.A. and Asaju (2004), Natural resources distribution, agitation for resource control right and the practice of federalism in Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology,15(4):277-289, DOI: 10.1080/09709274.2004.11905705
[3] Agba A.V. and Obi B. (2006), Oil Rent Management and Fiscal Federalism: The Nigerian Experience. Abuja, Nigeria.
[4] Agu, C. (2010). Fiscal federalism, governance and internally generated revenue: Examining weak sub national finances in Nigerian states. International Journal of Business Management and Economic Research,1(1): 41-57.
[5] Alade, S. (1999), State Governments Financial Crises: Causes and Consequences for Economic Growth and Development. Paper presented in NES Conference Ibadan.
[6] Anyanwu, J.C. (1999), Fiscal Relations Among the various tiers of Governments in Nigeria. NES Conference Paper. Ibadan
[7] Babalola, R. (2009, July 13). In Support of Proper Tax Administration. Business day, pp.1-2. Retrieved from http://www.businessdayonline.come/index.php?option=com-content&
view=article&id=341 on 8/9/2009
[8] Douglas, A. (2010) Stimulating Internally Generated Revenue in Bayelsa State. Retrieved fromhttp://pointblanknews.com/pbnpvst.html on Monday March 18, February, 2013
[9] Ekankumo, B., & Braye, K. (2011). Stimulating Internally Generated Revenue in Nigeria: The Entrepreneurial Option Revisited. European Journal of Social Sciences, 23(4), 520-530.
[10] Ekpo, H. A. (1999), Fiscal Federalism and Local Government Finances in Nigeria. NES Conference paper Ibadan
[11] Ekpo, H. A. (2004), Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations: The Nigerian Experience. Paper presented in Cape Town, South African
[12] Enugu State Government. (2019). Geographical location/Demography. Enugu, Nigeria: Author. Retrieved from https://www.enugustate.gov.ng/index.php/elements-devices/
[13] Fatokun, O. (1995). Property rating in Nigeria: 25years after. The Estate Surveyors and Valuers, journal of NIESV. vol.19, No 1 January
[14] Jimoh, A. (2003, October7-9). Fiscal federalism: The Nigerian experience. Paper presented at the Ad-Hoc Expert Group Meeting—Economic Commission for Africa, UNCC, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
[15] Kiabel, D. B. and Nwokah, G. N. (2009). Boosting revenue generation by state governments in Nigeria: The tax consultant option revisited. European Journal Of Sciences, 8(4): 11-20 Available from: http://www.eurojournals.com/ejss_8_4_02.pdf.
[16] Naiyeji, K. (2011) Tax consultants drain government’s purse: 2011 Revenue Mobilisation, Allocation and Fiscal Commission (RMAFC) Members’ Retreat in Uyo, Akwa Ibom. Retrieved from http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/56779161/146- tax_consultants_drain_governments_purse_.cspon Thursday February 7, 2013
[17] Nigeria 1999 Constitution and its Amendment
[18] National Bureau of Statistics, (2017). Statistical Bulletin and Report
[19] Nwafor, I. and Onyejiaka, C. (2018). Comparative analysis of deed fees contribution to land based revenue of Anambra, Enugu, and Ebonyi states, Nigeria from 2006 to 2014. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 5(10). 65-72. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333092333_Comparative_analysis_of_deed_fees_contribution_to_land_based_revenue_of_Anambra_Enugu_and_Ebonyi_states_Nigeria_from_2006_to_2014
[20] Nwakanma, C.(2020, August 30). Why Enugu is the Fifth-best Economy in Nigeria. This day. Retrieved from https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/08/30/why-enugu-is-the-fifth-best-economy-in-nigeria/
[21] Nweze, J. (2002). Social Capital (Pilot) Survey in Enugu State, Nigeria. Retrieved from https://web.worldbank.org/archive/website01360/WEB/IMAGES/ENUGUSTA.PDF
[22] Olusola, O. (2011). Boosting internally generated revenue of local governments in Ogun State, Nigeria: A study of selected Local Governments in Ogun State. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 8 (1): 335-348. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323884292_Boosting_Internally_Generated_Revenue_of_Local_Governments_in_Ogun_State_Nigeria_A_study_of_selected_local_governments
[23] Omotoso, F. (2009). Administrative Problems of State Creation in Ekiti State, Nigeria Ado- Ekiti. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 3 (3): 107-116. Retrieved from https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJPSIR/article-full-text-pdf/8ABC5747531
[24] Oyedele, O. (2017). Land-based taxes for sustainable development of Nigeria. Conference proceedings on Property Tax Reform. Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318725792_Land-based_Taxes_for_Sustainable_Development_of_Nigeria
[25] Rabiu S.A (1998). The current property based taxes in Nigeria Administration, logistics and procedural problems in implementation. Paper presented at the international seminar on property based taxation organized by NIESV
Ifeanyichukwu Valentine, Nwafor, Charles Chukwuweike, Egolum , “Evaluation of Landbased Revenue and Internally Generated Revenue in Enugu State Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.452-459 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/452-459.pdf
Download PDF
The Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Stress and Depression among Medical Students
Rosnel Tan, Mary Rachelle Reyes-Wapano, PhD – September 2021 – Page No.: 460-471
Young adults especially are vulnerable to depression during university years, with those taking up highly demanding courses like medicine showing high prevalence. Protective factors have been identified to moderate the negative effects of stress on a person. One such factor is resilience, which this study examined and its role in the relationship between stress and depression among medical students. The total population of medicine students enrolled during the data gathering was 510. Using Cochran’s formula, a five percent (5%) margin of error and a confidence level of ninety five percent (95%), the sample population taken was 220. A hierarchical linear regression was performed first to examine the relationship between stress and depression, stress and resilience and depression and resilience. Stress and depression were found to be positively correlated while both stress and depression were found to be negatively correlated with resilience. Moderation analysis was then used to determine the extent of resilience’s effect on the relationship between stress and depression. Results showed that resilience moderated the relationship between stress and depression among medical students.
Page(s): 460-471 Date of Publication: 11 October 2021
Rosnel Tan
Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan
Mary Rachelle Reyes-Wapano, PhD
Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan
[1] Abadiano, M., Corvera, M., Yao, I., Susvilla, K., Albior, N., Salapi, F., Sombrio, T., Maceda, S., Pepito, R., Ronolo, W., Kho, M., Bargamento, R., Paninsoro, M., Malapitan, H., Solon, E., &Salahid, V. (2015). Depression & Suicide: Risk Factors, Warning Signs, and Prevention. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research. Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp: (1-10). Retrieved from www.researchpublish.com
[2] Abdel Wahed, W.Y., & Hassan, S.K. (2015). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Stress, Anxiety and Depression amongMedical Fayoum University Students. Alexandria Journal of Medicine. Retrieved from http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ajme September 2018.
[3] About the Beck Depression Inventory. (2011, April). Retrieved from https://counsellingresource.com/quizzes/depression-testing/beck
[4] Al Qahtani, A. & Al Qahtani, N. (2017). Prevention of Depression: A Reviewof Literature. Journal of Depression and Anxiety, 6:4. doi: 10.4172/2167-1044.1000292.
[5] Al Raddadi, W., Aljabri, J., Kareem, M., Alattas, A., &Alkhalawi, M. (2017). The Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety among Medical Students in Comparison with Non-Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Academic Scientific Research. ISSN: 2272-6446 Volume 5, Issue 1 (February – March 2017), PP 72-80. Retrieved from www.ijasrjournal.org
[6] Almojali, A.I., Almalki, S. A., Alothman, A. S., Masuadi, E. M., Alaqeel, M, K., (2017). The Prevalence and Association of Stress with Sleep Quality among Medical Students. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 7 (2017) 169–174. Retrieved on September 2018 from www.elsevier.com/locate/jegh.
[7] Anuradha, R., Dutta, R., Raja, J. D., Sivaprakasam, P., & Patil, A. B. (2017).Stress and Stressors among Medical Undergraduate Students: A Cross-sectional Study in a Private Medical College in Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian
[8] Association of Preventive & Social Medicine,2(4), 222–225. http://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_287_16
[9] Banerjee, N., & Chatterjee, I., (2016). Academic Stress, Suicidal Ideation & Mental Well-being among 1st Semester & 3rd Semester Medical, Engineering & General Stream Students. Retrieved from URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.18843/rwjasc/v7i3/09
[10] Basnet, B., Jaiswal, M., Adhikari, B., &Shyangwa, P.M. (2012). Depression Among Undergraduate Medical Students. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2012; 39(3):56-59.doi: 10.3126/kumj.v10i3.8021.
[11] Beck, A., Ward, C., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., & Erbaugh, J. (1961). An Inventory for Measuring Depression. Archives of General Psychology, 4: 561-571.
[12] Bedewy, D. & Gabriel, A. (2015). Examining Perceptions of Academic Stress and Its Sources among University Students: The Perception of Academic Stress Scale.doi: 10.1177/2055102915596714
[13] Beiter, R., Nash, R., McCrady, M., Rhoades, D., Linscomb, M., Clarahan, M., Sammut, S., (2015). The Prevalence and Correlates of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in a Sample of College Students. Journal of Affective Disorders 173 (2015) 90–96. Retrieved fromhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.054 on September 2018.
[14] Borjalilu, S., Mohammadi, A. &Mojtahedzadeh, R. (2015). Sources and Severity of Perceived Stress Among Iranian Medical Students. Iran Red Crescent Med J. Department of E-learning in Medical Education, Virtual School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. October; 17(10): e17767. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.17767
[15] Bulo, J.G. & M.G. Sanchez (2014). Sources of Stress among College Students. CVCITC Research Journal, 1 (1), pp 16 – 25. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/7498186/
[16] Calaguas, G.M. (2012). Survey of College Academic Stressors: Development of a New Measure. International Journal of Human Sciences [Online]. 9:1. Retrieved from http://www.insanbilimleri.com/en
[17] Chelala, C. (2013). Untreated Mental Health Issues a Global Reality. Retrieved from https://www.theepochtimes.com/untreated-mental-health-health-issues-a-global-reality_108595.html
[18] Civitci, A. (2015). Perceived Stress and Life Satisfaction in College Students: Belonging and Extracurricular Participation as Moderators. Retrieved from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.09.077.
[19] Cuttilan, A.N., Sayampanathan, A.A., & Chun-Man Ho, R. (2016). Mental Health Issues Amongst Medical Students in Asia: A SystematicReview [2000–2015]. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2016.02.07.
[20] Depression.(2018, March 22). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/en/
[21] Devynck, F., Rousseau, A. & Romo, L. (2019). Does Repetitive Negative Thinking Influence Alcohol Use? A Systematic Review of the Literature.Front. Psychol. 10:1482. Retrieved from doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01482
[22] Du, J., Huang, J., An, Y., & Xu, W. (2018). The Relationship between Stress and Negative Emotion: The Mediating Role of Rumination. School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China. doi: 10.15761/CRT.1000208
[23] Elias, H., Ping, W.S., & Abdullah, M.C., (2011). Stress and Academic Achievement among Undergraduate Students in Universiti Putra Malaysi. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 29 646 – 655. Elsevier Ltd. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.288.
[24] Essel, G. & Owusu, P. (2017). Causes of Students’ Stress, Its Effects on Their Academic Success, and Stress Management by Students. Retrieved from https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/124792/
[25] Eva, E.O., Islam, M.Z., Mosaddek, A.S., Rahman, M.F., Rozario, R.J., Hassan Iftekhar, A.F., Ahmed, T.S., Jahan, I., Abubakar, A.R., Wan Dali, W.P.E., Razzaque, M.S., Bin Habib, R. & Haque, M. (2015). Prevalence of Stress among Medical Students: A Comparative Study Between Public and Private Medical Schools in Bangladesh. BMC Res Notes. doi 10.1186/s13104-015-1295-5
[26] Garg, K., Agarwal, M., & Dala, P.K. (2017). Stress among medical students: A cross-sectional study from a North Indian Medical University.Indian J Psychiatry, 2017 Oct-Dec; 59(4): 502–504. Retrieved from doi: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_239_17
[27] Hayes, A. (2012). Methodology in the social sciences. Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
[28] Houpy, J., Lee, W.W., Woodruff, W., &Pincavage, A. (2017). Medical Student Resilience and Stressful Clinical Events During Clinical Training. Medical Education Online, 2017 VOL. 22, 1320187. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10872981.2017.1320187
[29] Jai Prakash, H. &Prabhu, A. (2014). A Study of Depression among Medical Students of Private Medical College in South India. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2014; Vol. 3, Issue15, April 14; Page: 3856-3862. doi: 10.14260/jemds/2014/2366
[30] Janus, K., Lehrer, M., Gloria, C., & Steinhardt, M. (2017). Resilience Moderates the Effect of Stress on Depressive Symptoms in Adolescent Girls. Health Behavior and Policy Review, Volume 4, Number 3, May 2017, pp. 235-244(10).Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.14485/HBPR.4.3.4
[31] Jayanthi, P., Thirunavukarasu, M. &Rajamanickam, R. (2014). Academic Stress and Depression among Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study. Indian Pediatrics. 2015, 52: 217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-015-0609-y
[32] Kapıkıran, Ş. &Acun-Kapıkıran, N. A. (2016). Optimism and Psychological Resilience in Relation to Repressive Symptoms in University Students: Examining the Mediating Role of Self-esteem. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 16, 2087– 2110. doi: 10.12738/estp.2016.6.0107
[33] Kiecolt-Glaser, J., McGuire, L., Robles, T., & Glaser, R. (2002). Emotions, morbidity, and mortality: New Perspectives FromPsychoneuroimmunology. Annual review of psychology 53: 83-107.
[34] Ku, Y. (2017). A Moderated Mediation Model of Negative Life Events, Dysfunctional Attitudes, the Cognitive Triad and Depressive Symptoms. JDepress Anxiety 6: 279. doi:10.4172/2167- 1044.1000279
[35] Kumar, S. G., Kattimani, S., Sarkar, S., & Kar, S. S. (2017). Prevalence of Depression and Its Relation to Stress Level among Medical Students in Puducherry, India. Industrial Psychiatry Journal, 26(1), 86–90. http://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_45_15
[36] Lee, R., Maria, M.S., Estanislao, S., & Rodriguez, C. (2013). Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among Filipino University Students. PLoS ONE 8(11): e79825. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079825
[37] Melaku, L., Mossie, A. &Negash, A., (2015). Stress among Medical Students and Its Association with Substance Use and Academic Performance. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Biomedical Education, Volume 2015, Article ID 149509, 9 pages. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/149509
[38] Merchant, H., Mulkawar, A. & Nayak, A. (2018) A Study To Assess The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Undergraduate Medical Students Across The Stateof Maharashtra, India. Global journal for research analysis international. Volume-7, Issue-4, April-2018 • ISSN No 2277 – 8160.
[39] Miletic, M., Lukovic, J.A., Ratkovic, N., Aleksic, D., &Grgurevic, A., (2013). Demographic Risk Factors for Suicide and Depression among Serbian Medical School Students. Social Psychiatry Epidemiology 50:633–638. doi 10.1007/s00127-014-0950-9.
[40] Mohamad, M.H., Mohamad, M.S., Subhi, N., Baidi, N. & Nor Asshidin, N.H. (2018). The Relationship Between Mental Health, Stress and Academic Performance Among College Students. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308170193.
[41] Onyishi, M., Talukdar, D., Sanchez, R., Olaleye, A.O., Medavarapu, S., (2016). Prevalence of Clinical Depression among Medical Students and Medical Professionals: A Systematic Review Study. Arch Med. 2016, 8: 6. Retrieved from http://www.archivesofmedicine.com/medicine, September 2018
[42] Parekh, R. (2017). What is Depression. [Review of the article What is Depression by APA]. Retrieved from https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/depression/what-is-depression
[43] Pinquart, M. (2008). Moderating Effects of Dispositional Resilience on Associations between Hassles and Psychological Distress. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 30 (2009) 53–60. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2008.10.005
[44] Puthran, R., Zhang, M.W., Tam, W., & Ho, R. (2016). Prevalence of Depression amongst Medical Students: A Meta-analysis. Medical Education 2016: 50: 456–468. doi: 10.1111/medu.12962.
[45] Rood, L., Roelofs, J., Bo¨gels, S. &Meesters, C. (2012). J Youth Adolescence 41:414–425. Retrieved from doi: 10.1007/s10964-011-9657-3
[46] Rosiek, A., Rosiek-Kryszewska, A., Leksowski, Ł., &Leksowski, K. (2016). Chronic Stress and Suicidal Thinking Among Medical Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Feb 15;13(2):212. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13020212
[47] Saeed, A.A., Bahnassy, A.A., Al-Hamdan, N.A., Almudhaibery, F.S., &Alyahya, A.Z. (2016). Perceived Stress and Associated Factors among Medical Students. J Fam Community Med 23 :166-71. doi: 10.4103/2230-8229.189132
[48] Sagone, E., & De Caroli, M.E., (2013). Relationships between Resilience, Self-Efficacy, and Thinking Styles in Italian Middle Adolescents. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 92 (2013) 838 – 845. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82619739.pdf
[49] Saravanan, C. & Wilks, R., (2014). Medical Students’ Experience of and Reaction to Stress: The Role of Depression and Anxiety. HindawiPublishing Corporation .e Scientific World Journal, Volume 2014, Article ID 737382, 8 pages. Retrieved http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/737382
[50] Sarkar, S., Gupta, R., Menon, V. (2017). A Systematic Review of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical Students in India. J Mental Health Human Behavior; 22:88 – 96. doi: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_20_17
[51] Sarokhani, D., Delpisheh, A., Veisani, Y., Sarokhani, M.T., Manesh, R.E. & Sayehmiri, K. (2013). Prevalence of Depression among University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Depression Research and Treatment Volume 2013, Article ID 373857, 7 pages. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/373857
[52] Shah, M., Hasan, S., Malik, S., & Sreeramareddy, C.T., (2010). Perceived Stress, Sources and Severity of Stress among Medical Undergraduates in a Pakistani Medical School. BMC Medical Education 2010, 10:2. Retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6920/10/2, September 2018.
[53] Skipworth, K. (2011). Relationship between Perceived Stress and Depression in College Students. Retrieved from https://repository.asu.edu/
[54] Sohail, N. (2012). Stress and Academic Performance Among Medical Students. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 2013, Vol. 23 (1): 67-71. Retrieved from https://www.jcpsp.pk/archive/2013/Jan2013/15.pdf
[55] Solomon, O. (2013). Exploring the Relationship between Resilience, Perceived Stress and Academic Achievement. Retrieved from https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/576570/
[56] Surzykiewicz, J., Konaszewski, K., &Wagnild, G. (2019). Polish Version of the Resilience Scale (RS-14): A Validity and Reliability Study in Three Samples. Front.Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02762
[57] Tafet, G. &Nemeroff, C. (2016). The Links between Stress and Depression: Psychoneuroendocrinological, Genetic and EnvironmentalInteractions. doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.15030053
[58] Talwar, P. (2016). The Moderating Effect of Perceived Social Support on Stress and Depression among University Students. Online J Health Allied Scs. 2016; 15(3):3. Retrieved from http://www.ojhas.org/issue59/2016-3-3.html.
[59] Wagnild, G. (2009). A Review of the Resilience Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement. Vol. 17, No. 2. Retrieved from https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1825395771/a-review-of-the-resilience-scale
[60] Wang, C. (2013). Depression and Suicide Behavior among College Students: Understanding the Moderator Effects of Self-Esteem and Suicide Resilience. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 686. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.du.edu
[61] Yates, T. Tyrell, F. &Masten, A. (2014). Resilience Theory and the Practice of Positive Psychology From Individuals to Societies. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118996874.ch44
[62] Zimmerman, M. (2013). Resiliency Theory: A Strengths-Based Approach to Research and Practice for Adolescent Health. Health Educ Behav. 2013 August; 40(4): 381–383. doi:10.1177/1090198113493782
Rosnel Tan, Mary Rachelle Reyes-Wapano, PhD, “The Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Stress and Depression among Medical Students” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.460-471 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5930
Download PDF
An Appraisal of the Incidence of Happenstance as Leverages of Creative Instincts by Indigenous Yoruba Carvers of Western Nigeria
Yusuf Ayinde Abdulrasaq – September 2021 – Page No.: 472-477
In making sculpture composition by carving, the myriad of thoughts and actions from concept formulation to formation encapsulate an assortment of the use of techniques and elements of design, these are either in accordance to the guiding rules of traditional conventions or that of the principles of design. Aside from the import of conventions, elements of design and principles, there appears to be a fourth angle that is either often played down or overlooked entirely in the course of wood carving which cannot be ignored. This paper therefore sought to idealise the attributes and efficacy of incidence of chance as fundamental concepts to adopt in the course of actualising compositions in sculpture making by the subtractive method. The paper elucidated with some examples how, saliently, the concept of happenstance, as unplanned concepts, has contributed to the final compositions of some renowned sculpture compositions and edifices. The paper concluded by postulating that happenstance should be adopted as additional model to principles of sculpture composition and recommended to sculptors or carvers to reinforce their creative drives by being cognisance of the benefits of acceptable haphazardness as a principle of creativity to observe in sculpture composition by the carving method.
Page(s): 472-477 Date of Publication: 11 October 2021
Yusuf Ayinde Abdulrasaq
Department of Fine and Applied Arts, Federal College of Education, Zaria, Nigeria
[1] Adepegba, K. (2007). Contemporary Yoruba Wood Carving, Ikorodu, Aramanda Creations.
[2] Cambridge dictionary (2017). More by Accident than by Design: because of luck and not because of skills or organisation , http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/more-by-accident-than-design, viewed 25-03-17
[3] Dictionary .com (2017) limitation, http://www.dictionary.com/browse/limitation.
[4] Editorial team (2019). Africa’s Art Material, https://thinkafrica.net/african-art-materials/
[5] Eyo, E. (2008). Master pieces of Nigerian art, Abuja, Federal Ministry of Information and Communication.
[6] Houpt, S. (2006). Museum of the missing: A History of Art Theft, New York, Sterling Pub. Co.
[7] Jari, J. & Nwankwo A. (2000). Accident and Design: Gani Odutokun and His Influence, London, School of Oriental Studies p12-20
[8] McKenzie, S. (2013). Mona Lisa: The theft that created a legend, http://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/18/world/europe/mona-lisa-the-theft/
[9] Michelangelo.net (2021). Atlas Slave, http://www.michelangelo.net/atlas-slave/
[10] Ragans, R. (1988). Art Talk, Calofornial, Glenceo Publishing. P5
[11] Yallabok.com (2017). The Leaning Tower of Pissa, https://www.google.com.ng/search?q=leaning+tower+of+pisa&rlz= viewed 25-03-17
[12] Yusuf A. A. (2021). Fundamentals of carving as a practice beyond the focus on wood in a book: Entrepreneurship in vocational and technical education, Ed; Okoli, T. O., Nwike M. C and Ofodile, S. N. Umunze, Cosinachiz Resource
[13] Willet, F. (2002). African Art, London, Thames and Hudson Worl.
Yusuf Ayinde Abdulrasaq “An Appraisal of the Incidence of Happenstance as Leverages of Creative Instincts by Indigenous Yoruba Carvers of Western Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.472-477 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5931
Download PDF
Strategies for Enhancing Mentorship in Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Undergraduate Students of Kwame Nkrumah University, Kabwe-Zambia
Lefterius Kalonga Mwamba, Astridah Musonda – PhD, Harrison Daka – PhD and Rosemary Muma Mulenga – PhD – September 2021 – Page No.: 478-487
The purpose of this study was to investigate the strategies for enhancing mentorship in entrepreneurship for undergraduate students of tertiary education institutions, at Kwame Nkrumah University. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to find out how students of Kwame Nkrumah University are being mentored in entrepreneurship and to establish strategies of enhancing mentorship of students in entrepreneurship at the University. This case study was anchored on pragmatism as its research paradigm; it used a mixed method approach and employed the concurrent triangulation design. The study used simple random sampling on students, random sampling for Lecturers and purposive sampling for Administrators. Data collection instruments were questionnaires and interview guides and analysed data was eventually presented in form of frequency tables, bar graphs and pie charts. The study’s findings were that majority of students of Kwame Nkrumah University are aware of the importance of mentorship in entrepreneurship and are willing to acquire entrepreneurial skills, only a minority of students who belong to the category of business studies formally have access to the said mentorship and that this mentorship is merely theoretical. University management’s emphasis on the acquisition of entrepreneurial skills, knowledge and values is below average. In view of enhancing mentorship of students in entrepreneurship at the university and in other similar institutions of tertiary education, the study has established a number of strategies and it has subsequently made key recommendations such as making the mentorship inclusive via curriculum revision and devising educational plans and policies and creating a resource bay.
Page(s): 478-487 Date of Publication: 11 October 2021
Lefterius Kalonga Mwamba
Kwame Nkrumah University, Department of Education
Astridah Musonda – PhD
Kwame Nkrumah University, Department of Education
Harrison Daka – PhD
The University of Zambia, Department of Educational Administration and Policy Studies
Rosemary Muma Mulenga – PhD
Kwame Nkrumah University, Department of Education
[1] Audet, J. and Couteret, P., (2012). Coaching the entrepreneur: Features and success factors.
[2] Audet, J. and St-Jean, E., (2009). Factors Leading to Satisfaction in a Mentoring Scheme for Entrepreneurs. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, 7 (1).
[3] Audet, J. and St-Jean, E., (2012). The Role of Mentoring in the Learning Development of the Novice Entrepreneur. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 8 (1).
[4] Ayatse, F. A., (2013). Driving Entrepreneurship Education in Nigeria: Issues and Challenges. International Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(4), pp.83-90.
[5] Blackwell, E. J., (1989). Mentoring: An Action Oriented Strategy for Increasing Minority Faculty: http://www.eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ396831
[6] Blenker, P, Frederiksen, S. H, Korsgaard, S, Muller, S, Neergaard, H. and Thrane, C., (2012). Entrepreneurship as everyday practice: towards a personalized pedagogy of enterprise education. Industry and Higher Education, 26.
[7] Bosma, N., Hessels, J., Schutjens, V., Praag, M. and Verhiul, I., (2012). Entrepreneurship and Role Models. New York: Routledge. Botswana. Universities and economic development in Africa.
[8] Bruyat, C. and Julien, P. A., (2001). Defining the field of research in entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 16.
[9] Clark, B., (1998). Creating Entrepreneurial Universities. Oxford:AU and Elsevier Science. Retrieved from: http://www.oktemvardar.com/docs/BRC_entrepreneurial.pdf Date: 07/11/2018.
[10] Cloete, N. Maassen, P. and Bailey, T. eds, (2015). Knowledge Production and Contradictory Functions in African Higher Education. Cape Town: African Minds.
[11] Clutterbuck, D., (2002). Couching and Mentoring. Bunham: Clutterbuck and Associates..
[12] Crisp, G. and Cruz, I., (2009). Mentoring College Students: A Critical Review of the Literature Between 1990 and 2007: Research in Higher Education. http://www.researchgate.net.
[13] Daka, H. (2017). Social Life Skills in the Era of HIV/AIDS among Learners in Learning Institutions, Muka Graphics and Printing Hub, Lusaka.
[14] Daka, H., Banda, S. S. and Namafe, C. M. (2017). Course management, Teaching and Assessing Undergraduates at the Medical School of the University of Zambia. International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education. 4 (10), 10 – 18.
[15] Daka, H. (2019). Understanding the Correlation between Institutional Characteristics and Academic Performance: A case of Undergraduate Medical Students at University of Zambia. Journal of Lexicography and Terminology. 3 (2), 96 – 116.
[16] Daka, H., Chipindi, F. M. and Mwale, M. (2020). The Relationship between Assessment Practices and Students’ Academic Performances. A Case of Undergraduate Students at the Medical School of the University of Zambia, 2008 – 2016. Zambian Journal of Educational Management, Administration and Leadership, 1 (1), 143 – 156.
[17] Daka, H. and Changwe, R. (2020). An Exploration of Education Quality in the Light of the Grade Point Average and Examination Attrition Rate. International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education. 7 (6), 196-207.
[18] Daka, H., Mulenga-Hagane, M. L., Mukalula-Kalumbi, M and Lisulo, S. (2021). Making Summative Assessment Effective. European Modern Studies Journal. Vol 5 (4). 224 – 237.
[19] Eesley C. E, Roberts E. B., (2012). Are You Experienced or Are You Talented?: When Does
[20] Innate Talent versus Experience Explain Entrepreneurial Performance? Strategic Entre. J. 6(3)
[21] European Commission., (2011). Entrepreneurship Education: Enabling Teachers a Critical Success Factor. Bruxelles: European Commission.
[22] European Commission., (2012). Effects and Impact of Entrepreneurship programs in Higher Education:http://www.ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/promotingentrepreneurship/fi les/educati on/effects_impact_high_edu_final_report_en.pdf. Date: 07/11/2018.
[23] European Commission., (2013). Effects and Impact of Entrepreneurship programs in Higher Education. Retrieved from: http://www.ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sme/promoting entrepreneurship/files/education/effects_impact_high_edu_final_report_en.pdf.
[24] Gibb, A. A. Haskins, G. & Robertson, I., (2013). Leading the entrepreneurial university: Meeting the entrepreneurial development needs of higher education institutions. In Universities in Change. New York: Springer.
[25] Gibb, A. A., (1997). Small firms training and competitiveness: building upon the small business as a learning Organization. International Small Business Journal, 15 (3) 13-30.
[26] Gimmon, E., (2014). Mentoring as a Practical Training in Higher Education of Entrepreneurship. Norway: Bergen.
[27] Government of the Republic of Zambia. (1996). TEVET Policy. Lusaka: MOE.
[28] Government of the Republic of Zambia., (2017). Seventh National Development Plan. Lusaka: Ministry of National Development Planning (MNDP).
[29] Hedner, C., Abouzeedan, J. and Klofsten, W., (2011). Mentoring and Entrepreneurship: Examining Potential for Entrepreneurshi Education and for Aspiring Entrepreneurs: http://www.researchgate.net.
[30] Hoppe, M., (2017). Educational Approaches to Entrepreneurship in Higher Education. Sweden; Swedish Horizon. Institute.: http://www.cfhl.org.
[31] Karabol, J. and Halsey, A. H. (eds)., (1977). Power and Ideology in Education. U.S.A: Oxford University Press, Inc.
[32] Lackeus, M., (2015). Entrepreneurship in Education: Entrepreneurship360 Background Paper. Middleton: Routeledge.
[33] Mulenga – Hagane, M., Daka H., Msango H. J., Mwelwa K and Kakupa P. (2019). Formative Assessment as a means of Improving Learner Achievement: Lessons from selected Primary Schools of Lusaka Zambia. Journal of Lexicography and Terminology. 3 (1), 33 – 54.
[34] Mulenga-Hagane, M., Daka, H. and Kanchebele – Sinyangwe, M. (2020). Learning from Change: Benefits and Implications of Distinct Primary and Secondary Schools for Education in Zambia. Malcolm Moffat Multidisciplinary Journal of Research and Education, 1 (1), 121 – 136
[35] Nabi, G., Holden, C., Linan, F. and Pittaway, L., (2016). Graduate Entrepreneurship for the Developing World: Intentions, Education and Development: http://www,researchgate.net.
[36] Ngoma, I., (2012). Trade Unions-Political Party Relations Under Changed Political and Economic Realities. Lusaka: Economic Association of Zambia.
[37] Okpara, J. O. and Halkias, D., (2011). Social entrepreneurship: an overview of its theoretical evolution and proposed research model. International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 34.
[38] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., (2014). Supporting Youth in Entrepreneurship. Brussels: OECD.
[39] Scott, L. M., (2019). Enhancing Principal’s Skills Through Suitable Mentoring Programs. NAESP. Iscott1120@comcast.net.
[40] Tiklova, K. & Holienka, M., (2016) Mentoring and entrepreneurship. Comenius Management Review. 10 (1), p. 33-43
[41] UNESCO., (2016). Zambia Educational Policy Review: Paving the Way for SDG 4 – Education 2030. ED-2016/WS/37.
[42] Zambia Educational Curriculum Framework Review (ZECFR) (2013). Educational Curriculum Reform. Lusaka: MoE.
Lefterius Kalonga Mwamba, Astridah Musonda – PhD, Harrison Daka – PhD and Rosemary Muma Mulenga – PhD , “Strategies for Enhancing Mentorship in Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Undergraduate Students of Kwame Nkrumah University, Kabwe-Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.478-487 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5932
Download PDF
Quality of Work Life in Relation to Job Performance and Stress Level of Teachers in La Paz South District, Division of Tarlac Province
Jeric Nichole R. Aviguetero – September 2021 – Page No.: 488-507
I. INTRODUCTION
Quality of work life had been prominent in 1990s and basically and widely used in private companies, agencies and hospitals. The concept of quality work life is to monitor employee stability and their satisfaction towards their job. Every teacher deserves to have satisfied and fulfilled life because it leads to wellness within the faculty organization that results to improve students’ performance.
Nowadays, many of our employee migrate abroad and work there to earn a living instead of practicing their profession in our own country. Possible reasons for the dissatisfaction of their job were cause by some factors such as compensation and working environment. Roles of managers is to retain their employees and harness their capabilities until they build self-esteem by themselves. Authorities must not mistreat their subordinates and respect also their rights. Creating a harmonious ambiance could build trust and reverence. Hence, quality of work life is a pivotal move to address these issues.
The teacher has a powerful and abiding influence in the formation of the character of every future citizen. Teacher acts as a pivot for the transmission of intellectual and technical skills and cultural tradition from one generation to the other. So teachers have to work in more dignity and with ample operational freedom. (Pani, 2015).
Page(s): 488-507 Date of Publication: 11 October 2021
Jeric Nichole R. Aviguetero
Tarlac Agricultural University, Camiling, Tarlac, Philippines
[1] Algoush, K.S. (2010). Assessment of the Relationship between Involvements Decision Making Process and Teachers’ Job Satisfaction. Open University Malaysia.
[2] Baba, V. V., & Jamal M. (1991). Routinization of job context and job content as related to employees’ quality of working life: A study of Canadian nurses. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 12, 379-386.
[3] Chand, S. (2016). 8 Important Scopes of the Quality of Work Life: by Walton, Retrieved from http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/employee-management/8-important-scopes-of-the-quality-of-work-life-by-walton/26106/
[4] Chitra D. &Mahalakshmib V. (2012). A Study on Employees’ Perception on Quality of Work Life and Job Satisfaction in manufacturing organization – an Empirical study.International Journal of Trade and Commerce-IIARTC, 1 (2). Retrieved from http://www.sgsrjournals.com
[5] Davies, L.E., Levine, M.F. and Taylor, J.C. (1984). Defining quality of working life. Human Relations. 37(1), 81-104.
[6] Diaz, L. & Cabral, J. (2005). Low Pay, Higher Pay and Job Satisfaction within the European Unio: Empirical Evidence from Fourteen Countries.
[7] Ellis, N., &Pompli, A. (2002). “Quality of working life for nurses”. Commonwealth Dept of Health and Ageing. Canberra.
[8] Emadzadeh, M. (2012). Assesseng the Quality of Work Life of Primary School Teachers in Isfahan City. Ijcrb.webs.com, 3(9)
[9] Hamidi, F. (2011) Teachers’ Quality of Work Life in Secondary Schools. International Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, 4(1),1-5. Retrieved from http://www.academicjournals.org/IJVTE
[10] Hindle, T. (1998). Essential Manager Reducing Stress. Hongkong: Wing King Tong Co. Ltd.
[11] Hosseini, M. (2010). Quality of work life(QWL) and its relationship with performance, University Of FirouzkouhBranch,Tehran.
[12] Islam, M. B. (2012). Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life: An Analysis on Employees of Private Limited Companies in Bangladesh. Global Journal of Management and Business Research.
[13] Jebel, G. (2013). Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment of Employees in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Integral. A Journal of Management, 6(1), 34-46. Retrieved from http://intergraluniversity.ac.in/net/journals Andpublications.aspx
[14] Jegadeeshwaran, M. (2014). Theoretical Aspects of Quality of Work Life. Retrieved from https://shodhnganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/37212/5/chapter3.pdf&ved
[15] Jerome (2013). A Study on Quality of Work Life of Employees at Jeppiaar Cement Private Ltd: Perambalur. International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, 1(4), 49-57. Retrieved from http://www.ijarcsms.com
[16] Kasraie, S., Parsa S., Hassani, M., and Ghasem-Zadeh A. (2014). The Relationship between Quality of Work Life, Job Stress, Job Satisfaction and Citizenship Behavior in Oshnaviyeh Hospital’s Staff. Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Journal, 2(2):77-81. Retrieved from http://psj.mums.ac.ir
[17] Kheradmand, E., Valilou, M. and Lotfi, A. (2010), The Relation between Quality of Work life and Job Performance. Middle-East Journal of ScientWc Research, 6(4), 317-323.
[18] Lau, T., Y.H., Wong, K.F., Chan, and M., Law. (2001). Information technology and the work environment does it change the way people interact at work. Human Systems Management, Vol. 20(3), .267-280.
[19] Lawler, E. (1982). Strategies for Improving the Quality of Work Life. American Psychologist, 37,486-693. Retrieved from https://aijsh.com
[20] Manju, N. D (2014). Quality of Work Life: Perception of School Teachers. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR) 3, 2. Retrieved from http://ijep.org/doc/V3_Is2_June14/ij16.pdf
[21] Markham, Lyle Grant (2000).Quality of work life as predictor of employees’ mental health.
[22] Mirkamali, S. M. and Thani, F. N. (2011). A Study on the Quality of Work Life (QWL) among faculty members of University of Tehran(UT) and Sharif university of Technology (SUT). International Conference on Education and Educational Psychology, 29, 17-187. Retrieved from http:// www.sciencedirect.com
[23] Moon, J. (2006). Why are there so many single teachers? Retrieved from https://forums.plentyoffish.com
[24] Muftah, H. A. &Lafi, H. (2011). Impact of QWL on employee satisfaction case of oil and gas industry in Qatar. Advances in Management & Applied Economics, 1(2), 107-134. Retrieved from http://www.sciencepress.com
[25] Mukhtar, Farah (2012). Work life balance and job satisfaction among faculty at Iowa State University.
[26] Nair, Sandhya G.S. (2013). A Study On the Effect of Quality of Work Life (Qwl) On organisational Citizenship Behaviour (Ocb).
[27] Nasl Saraji, H Dargahi (2006), Study of Quality of Work Life (QWL), Dept of Health Care Management, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Iranian J Publ Health, Vol. 35(4),8-14
[28] Nema, Jaya (2000). Effect of Quality of Work life on Organizational Commitment in service sector in Indore.
[29] Newstom, L. (2002). Anxiety and Stress and its changing roles.Massachussetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
[30] Normala, Daud, (2010). Investigating the Relationship between Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment amongst Employees in Malaysian Firms, International Journal of Business and Management. Vol.5 (10), 75–82
[31] Nowrouzi, Behdin (2013). Quality of Work Life: Investigation of Occupational Stressors among Obstetric Nurses in Northeastern Ontario.
[32] Odanga, S. J., Aloka, P.J., &Raburu, P. (2015). Influence of Marital Status on Teachers’ Self-Efficacy in Secondary Schools of Kisumu Country. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 4(3)
[33] Oxford-dictionary is a brilliant website of definitions (http://oxford-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/quality+of+life)
[34] Pani, Debasis (2015). A Study on Quality of Work Life with Special Reference to Private Engineering College Teachers in the District of Rayagada. Journal of Management and Science, 5,3.
[35] Plett, T. (2015). Teaching is a Profession Dominated by Women. Retrieved from http://steinbachonline.com
[36] Quality of Work life: Perception of College Teachers, Munich Personal RePEcArchive No. 27868. Retrieved from http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27868/
[37] Ramezani, F.M. (2004). Evaluation of Quality of Working Life with Normal Practice Managers Girls and Boys High School City of Hamedan. MA Thesis for management training course, Tehran: AllamehTabatabai University, Faculty of Science of Educational Psychology.
[38] Researchgate is an outstanding website for researchers (http://www.researchgate.net)
[39] Rethinam G. & Ismail M. (2008). Constructs of Quality of Work Life: A perspective of Information and Technology Professionals. European Journal of Socil Sciences, 7(1), 58-70.
[40] Ruzevicius, Juozas (2007). Quality of Life and its Components’ Measurement.
[41] Saeid, Farahbakhsh. (2012). The role of emotional intelligence in increasing quality of work life in school principals.
[42] Saklani, D. R. (2004). Quality of Work Life in the Indian Context: An Empirical Investigation, Decision, 31(2), 101-135.
[43] Shekari, G., Monshizadeh,M., Ansari, M. (2014). Investigating the relationship between quality of working life (based on Walton’s model) and employees’ performance (based on annual performance evaluation scores) in Water and Wastewater Office, Khorasan Razavi. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 6 (1). Retrieved from http:// www.ijcrb.webs.com
[44] Shodhnganga is an excellent website for public employees (http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream)
[45] Singh O.P. and Singh S. K. (2015). Quality of Work Life of Teachers Working in Higher Educational Institutions: A Strategic Approach towards Teacher’s Excellence. International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, 3, 180-186. Retrieved from http:// www.ijarcsms.com
[46] Sturman (2002), Contended and Committed? A Survey of Quality of Working Life amongst Teachers, National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER).
[47] Subburethina B.P. (2010). Teachers’ Job Performance at Secondary Level in Khyber Pakhyunkhwa, Pakistan.
[48] Swamy, D. R. (2013). Quality of Worklife of Employees in Private Technical Institutions. International Journal for Quality Research, 7(3), 3-14. Retrieved from http://www.ijqr.net/journal/v7-n3/12.pdf
[49] Swamy, D., Rashmi, S. and Nanjundeswaraswamy T. S. (2015). Quality of Work Life: Scale Development and Validation. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 8, 281.Retrieved from http:// www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org
[50] Walton, Richard E. (1974), Quality of Work Life: What is it? Sloan Management Review, 15 (1), 11-21.
[51] Wyatt, T. A. & Wah, C. Y. (2001). Perceptions of QWL: A study of Singaporean Employees Development, Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 9(2), 59-76.
Jeric Nichole R. Aviguetero, “Quality of Work Life in Relation to Job Performance and Stress Level of Teachers in La Paz South District, Division of Tarlac Province” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.488-507 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/488-507.pdf
Download PDF
Psychotherapists’ perceptions and attitudes towards the use of Online Therapy during Covid-19 pandemic in Harare, Zimbabwe
Tracy Marumure, Lee Dzaramba, Jerikias Marumure – September 2021 – Page No.: 505-510
The COVID-19 pandemic has unexpectedly forced many businesses and organisations to close their doors, including mental health services. This has driven many psychotherapists to use information and communication technologies (ICTs) to provide services to their clients during the COVID-19 pandemic.However, little is known about how such technologies has impacted their practice.This study aimed to explore the perceptions of psychotherapists toward the use of online / cyber counselling. Data was collected via online dissemination of questionnaires 50 practising psychologists, from different areas of specialisations. The results showed their past experience with online psychotherapy, use of online platforms during the pandemic, the challenges they encountered in online sessions, and their general perceptions and attitudes toward online psychotherapy. Most psychotherapists showed a positive attitude towards online therapy during the pandemic, noting flexibility of the method among many others. The perceptions and attitudes are influenced by clinical experienced, availability of ICT tools and the ability to shift from the traditional face to face therapy to online therapy. Limitations of this survey study, implications and future directions were highlighted in this research.
Page(s): 505-510 Date of Publication: 11 October 2021
Tracy Marumure
Allied Health Practitioners of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box A14 Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
Great Zimbabwe University, Off Old Great Zimbabwe Road, Box 1235 Masvingo, Zimbabwe
Lee Dzaramba
Allied Health Practitioners of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box A14 Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
Jerikias Marumure
Great Zimbabwe University, Off Old Great Zimbabwe Road, Box 1235 Masvingo, Zimbabwe
[1] Barak, A., Klein, B., & Proudfoot, J. (2009). Defining Internet-supported therapeutic interventions. Annals of Behavioural Medicine, 38(1), 4–17. doi:10.1007/s12160-009-9130-7
[2] Cherry K, and Morin A Ⓒ 2021 About, Inc. (Dotdash)
[3] Cipolletta, S., & Mocellin, D. (2018). Online counselling: An exploratory survey of Italian psychologists’ attitudes towards new ways of interaction. Psychotherapy Research,
[4] Cook, J. E., & Doyle, C. (2002). Working alliance in online therapy as compared to face-to-face therapy: Preliminary results. Cyber psychology & Behaviour,
[5] Ferguson N, Laydon D, Nedjati‐Gilani G, (2020) Available Imperial‐College‐COVID19‐NPI‐modelling‐16‐03‐2020.pdf
[6] Fisher, P., Chew, K., & Leow, Y. J. (2015). Clinical psychologists’ use of reflection and reflective practice within clinical work. Reflective Practice
[7] Gratzer D and Khalid-khan F, (2016) Internet delivered cognitive behavioural therapy, CMAJ Canadian Medical Association Journal
[8] Iacoviello, B. M., & Charney, D. S. (2020). Cognitive and behavioural components of resilience to stress. In Stress Resilience (pp. 23-31). Academic Press
[9] Lee, C., Coughlin, J.F. (2014) Older adults’ adoption of technology: an integrated approach to identifying determinants and barriers. J. Prod. Innov. Manager
[10] Lindsay, P., & Norman, D. A. (1977). Human information processing: An introduction to psychology. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc
[11] Mallen, M. J., Vogel, D. L., Rochlen, A. B., & Day, S. X. (2005). Online counselling: Reviewing the literature from a counselling psychology framework. The Counselling Psychologist
[12] Marroquin, B., Tennen, H., Santon, A., (2017) Coping, emotion regulation and well-being intrapersonal and interpersonal processes in: The Happy Mind Cognitive Contributions to Well- being.
[13] Matheson, B., Bohon, C., & Lock, J. (2020). Family-based Treatment via videoconference: Clinical recommendations for treatment providers during COVID-19 and beyond. Preprint. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/b3hcs
[14] Mendes-Santos, C.; Weiderpass, E.; Santana, R.; Andersson, G. (2020) Portuguese psychologists’ attitudes towards internet interventions: An exploratory cross-sectional study. JMIR Mental Health, [PubMed
[15] Palomares RS, Miller TW (2018) Security and transmission of data and information. A tele-psychology casebook: Using technology ethically and effectively in your professional practice. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association
[16] Rajkumar R. P. (2020). COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian journal of psychiatry, 52, 102066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066
[17] Richards, D., & Viganò, N. (2012). Online counselling. Encyclopaedia of cyber behaviour, 3(1), 699-713
[18] Ryu, S. (2010). History of telemedicine: Evolution, context, and transformation. https://doi.org/10.4258/hir.2010.16.1.65
[19] Shaler, L. (2019) Counselling today. A Publication of the American Counselling Association
[20] Shandro, M. (2007). The effectiveness and ethicality of online counselling [Master’s thesis]. http://dtpr.lib.athabascau.ca/action/
[21] Shaw, H. E., & Shaw, S. F. (2006). Critical ethical issues in online counselling: Assessing current practices with an ethical intent checklist. Journal of Counselling & Development
[22] Tohme, P., De Witte, N.A.J., Van Daele, T. et al. Tele psychotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Lebanese Mental Health Professionals. J Contemporary Psychotherapy (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-021-09503-w
[23] Tonn, P., Reuter, S. C., Kuchler, I., Reinke, B, Hinkelmann, L., Stöckigt, S., Schulze, N. (2017). Development of a questionnaire to measure the attitudes of laypeople, physicians, and psychotherapists toward telemedicine in mental health. JMIR Mental Health, 4, e39. http://dx.doi .org/10.2196/mental.6802
[24] Van Doremalen N, Dylan, H. Morris, Myndi G. Holbrook (2020). Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2, The New England Journal of Medicine
[25] Zhang, R., Park, S., Sullivan, J. E., & Jing, S. (2020). The effectiveness of problem-solving therapy for primary care patients’ depressive and/or anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine,
Tracy Marumure, Lee Dzaramba, Jerikias Marumure “Psychotherapists’ perceptions and attitudes towards the use of Online Therapy during Covid-19 pandemic in Harare, Zimbabwe” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.505-510 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/505-510.pdf
Download PDF
Poverty: Place of Agricultural Development on Economic Growth of Nigeria
Oyeyipo Eyitayo, Oluyemi Faith F., Iwelumor, Oluwakemi, Osijo, Busayo.B, Oye Olubukoye O., Olorunmola Jide J., Oyekola Isaac A. – September 2021 – Page No.: 511-519
No society attains development where poverty and economic insecurity prevail. This article examines poverty with the place of agricultural development on the economic growth of Nigeria. It aims at examining the importance of agricultural growth on sustainable development while also looking at the barriers to effective economic growth through agriculture. Agriculture has always been a major boost in Nigeria’s economy from inception until the shift from agriculture to oil production which has brought about the declining trend of growth in Nigeria.
The study adopted a survey as the design for the study. The Cluster sampling technique was employed in this study. 200 respondents carefully arrived at on referrals from farming associations in Kwara state made up the sample size for the study. The study gathered data from the study population through questionnaires and such data collected were analyzed using simple percentages and frequency tables so as to reach conclusions to the issues being addressed.
Findings from the study reveal that majority of the respondents have no tertiary education and thus practice traditional methods of farming. It also brought forth that agriculture, as practiced by the majority of the respondents, is a vital tool to reducing unemployment but not able to reduce poverty. It sees lack of support from the government as a blow to the interest of the youth in Agriculture
It, therefore, suggests that for the economic growth of Nigeria to be repositioned, the nature and manner in which agriculture is practiced should be reviewed and government intervention should be intensified
Page(s): 511-519 Date of Publication: 12 October 2021
Oyeyipo Eyitayo .J
Landmark University SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being)
Landmark University SDG 10 (Reduced Inequality)
Landmark University SDG 16 (Peace and Justice, Strong Institution)
Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
Oluyemi Faith F.
Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
Iwelumor, Oluwakemi
Landmark University SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being)
Landmark University SDG 10 (Reduced Inequality)
Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
Osijo, Busayo.B
Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, Nigeria
Oye Olubukoye O.
1Landmark University SDG 1 (No Poverty)
3Landmark University SDG 10 (Reduced Inequality)
4Landmark University SDG 16 (Peace and Justice, Strong Institution)
5Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
Olorunmola Jide J.
Nigerian Correctional Centre
Oyekola Isaac A.
Landmark University SDG 1 (No Poverty)
Landmark University SDG 10 (Reduced Inequality)
Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
[1] Aluko, S. (2004). Making Natural Resources into a blessing rather than a curse: in covering oil. A Reporter’s Guide to Energy and Development. Open Society Institute.
[2] Ayoola, G.B. (2001), Essays on the Agricultural Economy 1: A Book of Readings on Agricultural development Policy and Administration in Nigeria: Ibadan: TMA Publishers.
[3] Bakare, A S. (2013) ‘an econometric analysis of sustainable agriculture and rural development in Nigeria: A Vector Autoregressive Approach (VAR). Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development,’ 2(5), 184-193.World Bank, (2014). World Bank Development Report
[4] Berhanu, A. (2014, June). Sir W. Arthur Lewis, the College of William and Mary No. 152
[5] Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press.
[6] Cardno (2017) Agricultural development as a key role in food security and economic development in most of the world’s population in rural area.
[7] Chauvin, N., Mulangu, F. & Porto,G. (2012, February). Food Production and Consumption Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa: Prospects for the Transformation of the Agricultural Sector. UNDP Working Paper for African Human Development Report, pp. 1-74.
[8] Christiensen, R P., and Yee, Y. (1964), ‘The Mechanics of Agricultural Productivity and Economic Growth,’ Journal of Farm Economics, 46(5), 1051-1061.
[9] ECA-OECD Review 2005
[10] European Commission (2018) Sustainable agriculture and rural development policy-Agricultural development. International cooperation and development.
[11] Ewetan Olabanji, Fakile Adebisi, Urhie Ese and Oduntan Emmanuel (2017), “Agricultural
[12] Falola, T. & Heaton, M. (2008). A History of Nigeria. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 183.
[13] Gustav, .R. (2004). Arthur Lewis’ Contribution to Development Thinking and Policy, Yale University, Center Discussion Paper No. 891
[14] Ideba, E E., Iniobong, E., Otu. W. and Itoro, N. (2014), ‘Analysis of Agricultural Public Capital Expenditure and Agricultural Economic Growth in Nigeria,’ American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 4(4), 443-456.
[15] Iyoha, M. & Oriakhi, D. (2002). Explaining African Economic Growth Performance: The Case of Nigeria. Revised Interim Report on Nigerian Case Study prepared for the African Economic Research Consortium Research Project titled “Explaining African Economic Growth Performance”.
[16] Joseph E. Stiglitz (2015). The sinking of the World Economy
[17] Kindleberger, Charles P. (1967). Europe’s Postwar Growth: The Role of Labor Supply,
[18] Labour Force Statistics, 2010. Nigerian Bureau of Statistics. 2010. Archived from the original on 24 April 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
[19] Lewis, W. Arthur (1954). “Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labor,”
[20] (1955). The Theory of Economic Growth, Homewood, Illinois, Richard D. Irwin.
[21] (1969). Aspects of Tropical Trade 1883-1965, Stockholm, Almquist and Wicksell.
[22] (1977). The Evolution of the International Economic Order, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
[23] Manchester School of Economic and Social Studies, Vol. 22, pp. 139-91.
[24] Mustapha, A. A. (2017, June). Nigeria’s Economic Growth: Past, Present and Determinants, American Research Institute for Policy Development
[25] Noel, T. P. (2012, March). The importance of Economic Growth
[26] NwachukwuI (2008) Planning and evaluation of agricultural and rural development project. Lambhouse publishers. p. 1-6.
[27] Nzeka, U. (2013). Grain and Feed Annual; Annual Report 2013. USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
[28] Odetola, T. And Etumnu, C. (2013), ‘Contribution of Agriculture to Economic Growth in Nigeria, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Abuja, Nigeria,’
[29] Odoh, P. (2014, May) Challenges of Agriculture in Nigeria Economy: A Bane to Food Security. Federal Polytechnic, Zamfara State, Nigeria.
[30] Olomola Ade S. (2007) “Strategies for Managing the Opportunities and Challenges of the Current Agricultural Commodity Booms in SSA” in Seminar Papers on Managing Commodity Booms in Sub-Saharan (: Africa: A Publication of the AERC Senior Policy Seminar IX. African Economic Research Consortium (AERC), Nairobi, Kenya
[31] Omorogbe O, Jelena Z, Fatima A (2014) The role of Agricultural development in the economic growth of Nigeria. European Scientific Journal 10(4).
[32] Omorogbe, O., Jelena, Z. & Fatima, A. (2014, February). The role of agriculture in the economic development of Nigeria. American University of Nigeria, Nigeria.
[33] Otaha, J. (2012). Dutch Disease and Nigeria Oil Economy. African Research Review, 6 (1), 82-90.
[34] Output and Economic Growth in Nigeria “, Journal of African Research in Business & Technology, Vol. 2017
[35] Pasinetti, Luigi L. (1981). Structural Change and Economic Growth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-27410-9.
[36] Proceedings of The 18th Annual African Econometric Society (AES), 2013, at the session organized by the Association for the Advancement of African Women Economists (AAAWE), Accra, Ghana
[37] Researchclue.com (2013) The impact of Agricultural development on economic growth of Nigeria. Home for Nigerian researchers.
[38] Reynulds, Researchclue.com (2013) The impact of Agricultural development on economic growth of Nigeria. Home for Nigerian researchers.
[39] Sekunmade, A. (2009). The effects of petroleum dependency on agricultural trade in Nigeria: An error correlation modeling (ECM) approach. Scientific Research and Essay, 4 (11), 1385-1391.
[40] Structural Change Definition | Investopedia. Investopedia. Retrieved 2016-03-04.
[41] Sulaimon Aremu Yusuf (2014); Role of agriculture in economic growth and development: Nigeria perspective, Lagos, Nigeria
[42] Sulaimon, A. (2014, February). Role of Agriculture in Economic Growth & Development: Nigeria Perspective. University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
[43] Williams, S.K.T. (1978). Rural Development in Nigeria. Ile-Ife University of Ife Press, Nigeria, 129pp.
Oyeyipo Eyitayo, Oluyemi Faith F., Iwelumor, Oluwakemi, Osijo, Busayo.B, Oye Olubukoye O., Olorunmola Jide J., Oyekola Isaac A. , “Poverty: Place of Agricultural Development on Economic Growth of Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.511-519 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5933
Download PDF
Smartphone usage pattern for science teachers: The case of Zimbabwe
Manyeredzi Terrence – September 2021 – Page No.: 520-525
Smartphones are new generation educational tools usable by science teachers for both socialization and communication, and academic use. Concern is however on how such devices are used by the teachers who are central to curriculum implementation. The study was therefore carried out to establish the characteristics of science teachers’ interactions with their devices (usage patterns) in Zimbabwe. The User Gratification Theory guided the descriptive survey design from a quantitative research approach that was employed in collecting and analyzing data, collected through the Kobo Toolbox online survey application. The findings show that smartphone use is more popular for socialization and communication than for academic purposes and the usage patterns vary with age. Late career science teachers use smartphones mainly for socialization and communication while accessing social media and leisure material are very popular with the early career science teachers. Smartphones are also popular as ‘pocket libraries’ for early career science teachers while reading news is popular with the late career science teachers.
Page(s): 520-525 Date of Publication: 12 October 2021
Manyeredzi Terrence
Bindura University, Zimbabwe
Alsubaie, Maerfat Ayesh. 2016. “Teacher Involvement in Curriculum Development.” Journal of Education and Practice 7(9):106–7.
[2] Balakrishnan, Vimala, and Ram Gopal Raj. 2012. “Exploring the Relationship between Urbanized Malaysian Youth and Their Mobile Phones: A Quantitative Approach.” Telematics and Informatics 29(3):263–72. doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2011.11.001.
[3] Bazant, Martin Z., and John W. M. Bush. 2021. “A Guideline to Limit Indoor Airborne Transmission of COVID-19.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118(17).
[4] Bicen, Huseyin, and Senay Kocakoyun. 2013. “The Evaluation of The Most Used Mobile Devices Applications by Students.” Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 89:756–60. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.928.
[5] Busch, Peter André, Geir Inge Hausvik, Odd Karsten Ropstad, and Daniel Pettersen. 2021. “Smartphone Usage among Older Adults.” Computers in Human Behavior 121. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106783.
[6] Czaja, Sara J., Neil Charness, Arthur D. Fisk, Christopher Hertzog, Sankaran N. Nair, Wendy A. Rogers, and Joseph Sharit. 2006. “Factors Predicting the Use of Technology: Findings from the Center for Research and Education on Aging and Technology Enhancement (CREATE).” Psychology and Aging 21(2):333–52. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.2.333.
[7] Van Deursen, Alexander J. A. M., Colin L. Bolle, Sabrina M. Hegner, and Piet A. M. Kommers. 2015. “Modeling Habitual and Addictive Smartphone Behavior: The Role of Smartphone Usage Types, Emotional Intelligence, Social Stress, Self-Regulation, Age, and Gender.” Computers in Human Behavior 45:411–20. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.039.
[8] Dias, Lina, and Angelin Victor. 2017. “Teaching and Learning with Mobile Devices in the 21st Century Digital World: Benefits and Challenges.” European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5(1):339. doi: 10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p339-344.
[9] Hintze, Daniel, Rainhard D. Findling, Sebastian Scholz, and René Mayrhofer. 2014. “Mobile Device Usage Characteristics: The Effect of Context and Form Factor on Locked and Unlocked Usage.” 12th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia, MoMM 2014 105–14. doi: 10.1145/2684103.2684156.
[10] Iqbal, Shakeel, and Zeeshan Ahmed Bhatti. 2020. “A Qualitative Exploration of Teachers’ Perspective on Smartphones Usage in Higher Education in Developing Countries.” International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education 17(1):1–16. doi: 10.1186/s41239-020-00203-4.
[11] Irimiás, Anna, Tamás Csordás, Kornélia Kiss, and Gábor Michalkó. 2021. “Aggregated Roles of Smartphones in Young Adults’ Leisure and Well-Being: A Diary Study.” Sustainability (Switzerland) 13(8):1–13. doi: 10.3390/su13084133.
[12] Kuss, Daria J., Eiman Kanjo, Mark Crook-Rumsey, Fraenze Kibowski, Grace Y. Wang, and Alex Sumich. 2018. “Problematic Mobile Phone Use and Addiction Across Generations: The Roles of Psychopathological Symptoms and Smartphone Use.” Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science 3(3):141–49. doi: 10.1007/s41347-017-0041-3.
[13] Mitchell, By Amy, Tom Rosenstiel, and Leah Christian. 2012. “Mobile Devices and News Consumption : Some Good Signs for Journalism.” Pew Research Center 1–34. Retrieved July 24, 2021 (http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2012/mobile-devices-and-news-consumption-some-good-signs-for-journalism/).
[14] Mwambakulu, Michael Francis, and Patrick Albert Chikumba. 2021. “Smartphone Usage Patterns in Public Universities in Malawi: Student Perspectives.” South African Journal of Libraries and Information Science 86(2):26–37. doi: 10.7553/86-2-1907.
[15] Oulasvirta, Antti, Tye Rattenbury, Lingyi Ma, and Eeva Raita. 2012. “Habits Make Smartphone Use More Pervasive.” Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 16(1):105–14. doi: 10.1007/s00779-011-0412-2.
[16] Sharma, Uma Advani, Lokendra Sharma, Monika Jain, Kopal Sharma, and Anand Mohan Dixit. 2019. “Pattern of Mobile Phone Usage among Medical Students.” International Journal of Academic Medicine 5(2):118. doi: 10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_61_18.
[17] Shava, Herring, Willie Chinyamurindi, and Anathi Somdyala. 2016. “An Investigation into the Usage of Mobile Phones among Technical and Vocational Educational and Training Students in South Africa.” SA Journal of Information Management 18(1). doi: 10.4102/sajim.v18i1.716.
[18] Snyder, Richard R. 2017. “Resistance to Change among Veteran Teachers: Providing Voice for More Effective Engagement.” NCPEA International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation 12(1).
Manyeredzi Terrence, “Smartphone usage pattern for science teachers: The case of Zimbabwe” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.520-525 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5934
Download PDF
Influence of resource competition on human-wildlife conflicts among the community of Kithoka area in Meru County, Kenya
Kiogora, D. K & Gathoni, F. – September 2021 – Page No.: 526-534
Human wildlife conflict poses a great challenge to wildlife conservation and sources of income of people globally and is increasing as human migration from rural to urban areas increases, global climate changes, development expands and other human and environmental factors put wildlife and people in greater direct competition for a shrinking resource base. The study was influenced by the fact that human wildlife conflict cases are rampant in the region and no action has been taken despite the knowledge of this. The study was based on stakeholders and social conflict theories. Descriptive survey research design was used where the target population comprised of 1200 households from 4 villages around Kithoka forest and 30 Kenya Wildlife Service officers at the Meru station. Stratified random rampling was used to select a sample size of 10% of the households heads in each village strata, while a census survey was adopted for the KWS officers making a total of 148 respondents. Questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect data. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies and means while data was presented using tables. Qualitative data generated from the interview guide was organized in themes and patterns, grouped through content analysis and then discussed. This study recommends that; The National government through the Ministries of Lands and Agriculture in conjunction with the Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife should establish coherent policies that will protect the environment and suitable use of natural resources. The Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) should review its policy through enforcement of regulations and legislation on the safe distance that people should build their houses away from Kithoka forest for purposes of minimizing human wildlife conflict. This barricade bodies will help establish a human zone and wild zone and the KWS Meru station should consider reinforcing alarms on the fences to help in detection of any wild animals or people attempting illegal entry into the forest.
Page(s): 526-534 Date of Publication: 12 October 2021
Kiogora, D. K
Department of Hospitality & Tourism Management, Kenya Methodist University, Main Campus – Meru, Kenya
Gathoni, F
Department of Hospitality & Tourism Management, Kenya Methodist University, Main Campus – Meru, Kenya
[1] (2003, November Monday). Retrieved from African Wildlife Foundation: https://www.awf.org/news/world-conservation-union-releases-2003-red-list-threatened-species
[2] (2018, february). Retrieved from Daily Nation: https://www.nation.co.ke/video/news/4146788-4318098-fyvp68z/index.html
[3] czarnezki, J., & Yu, W. (2013). Challenges of China’s Natural Resources conservation and biodiversity Legislation. Pace University. Pace law Faculty publications.
[4] Elsner, M. (2008). Knowledge, attitudes and opinions about human wildlife conflicts held by community leaders in Virginia.
[5] F.Madden. (2008). The growing conflict between humans and wildlife: Law and policy as contributing and mitigating factors. International wildlife law and policy(11), 189-206.
[6] Ferguson, & Hanks. (2012). The effects of protected area and veterinary fencing on wildlife conservation in Southern Africa. PARKS 2012, 18(1).
[7] Gao, Y., Lee, A., & Clark, S. G. (2016). Rhino hoen trade in China: An anlysis of the art and antuques market. Biological conservation, 201, 343-347.
[8] GoK. (2010). The constitution of kenya. Nairobi.
[9] Hill, M. (2000). Conflict of interest between people and baboons. International journal of primatology, 21(No.2).
[10] Hoffman, T & O’Riain,M. (2012). Monkey management: using spatial ecology to understand the extent and severity of human-baboon conflict in the cape Peninsula, South Africa.
[11] Jimoh, H. (2003). Patterns of environmental degradation and development efforts in Nigerian Environment. University of Llorin.
[12] Kagiri, J. (2000). Human wildlife conflicts in kenya: A conflict resolution concept. Framers perspective, 43-45.
[13] Katerina Agelevska, G. R. (2012). Planning of sustainable tourism development. Macedonia: Elsevier.
[14] KNBS. (2019). 2019 Kenya population and housing census.
[15] KWS. (2016). Human wildlife conflict in protected areas.
[16] KWS annual report. (2016). Human wildlife conflict in protected areas.
[17] Lamarque, F. (2009). Human wildlife conflict in Africa cause, consequences and management strategies.
[18] Lewa, S. K. (2017). Alternative dispute resolution methods and the management of human wildlife conflict: The case of Arabukosokoke foresr kenya. thesis, University of Nairobi.
[19] M. Ogada et al., W. R. (2005). Limiting depredation by african carnivores: the role of livestock husbandry. Conservation Biology, 17(6), 1521-1530.
[20] M.Gusset et al., M. &. (2009, january). Human-wildlife conflict in northern Botswana:livestock predation by endagered African wild dog lycaon pictus and other carnivores. 43(1), 67-72.
[21] Macharia, B. W. (2015). Factors influencing community participation in forestry conservation projects: A case of Kithoka-Twajai forest community based organisations, Meru county Kenya. University of Nairobi, Nairobi, kenya.
[22] Machoka, L. N. (2017). Factors influencing human-wildlife conflict in communities surrounding protected areas: A case of kenya wildlife service focusing on Maasai Mara National reserve, Narok county,Kenya. University of Nairobi.
[23] Makindi et al., M. N. (2014, june). Causes and Mitigation Measures in Tsavo Conservation Area, Kenya. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 3(6). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273031890_Human-Wildlife_Conflicts_Causes_and_Mitigation_Measures_in_Tsavo_Conservation_Area_Kenya
[24] Maurine, M. (2013). factors influencing human-wildlife conflicts in communities around the park: A case study of Lake Nakuru national park. University of Nairobi.
[25] Mauro Lucherini & Maria Jose merino. (2008, February). perceptions of human-carnivore conflicts in the High Andes or Argentina. Mountain Research and development, 28(1), 81-85. Retrieved from http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10/1659/mrd.0903
[26] Monette, Sullivan & Dejong. (2005). A toll of the human services. Toronto: Thomson Learning Inc.
[27] Mugenda, O. M. & Mugenda, A. G. (2003). Research methods: Quantitative and qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: African Centre for Technology Studies.
[28] Mutanga, V. G. (2015). Community perceptions of wildlife conservation and tourism: A case study of communities adjacent to four protected areas in Zimbabwe. Tropical conservation science, 8(2), 554-582. Retrieved october 14, 2018
[29] Ndung’u, W. (2018). Rage as human, wildlife conflict escalates.
[30] Newmark, W. D., Manyanza, D. N., Sariko, H. I., & Gamassa, D.-G. M. (2002, March). The Conflict between Wildlife and Local People Living Adjacent to Protected Areas in Tanzania: Human Density as a Predictor. In Conservation Biology (Vol. 8, pp. 249-255). John wiley & sons. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010249.x
[31] Ngechu. (2004). The relationship between strategy and firm financial performance in the Banking industry in kenya. University of Nairobi, School of business. Nairobi: Unpublished MBA project.
[32] Njue, R. M. (2013). Critical analysis of strategies of wildlife related conflict management in kenya. University of Nairobi.
[33] Okech, R. N. (2010). Wildlife-community conflicts in Kenya. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.
[34] Orodho, J. (2012). Techniques of writing research proposals and reports. Nairobi: Reata printers.
[35] Patterson. (2004). livestock predation by lions panther leo and other carnivores on ranches neigbouring Tsavo National Park, Kenya. Biological conservation, 119(4), 1521-1530.
[36] Sangay, T., & Vernes, K. (2008). Human-wildlife conflict in the kingdom of Bhutan: patterns of livestock predation by large mammalian carnivores. biological conservation, 141(5).
[37] T.Kothari. (2008). Research methodology methods and techniques. 2nd New age willey easter.
[38] Thirgood et al., R. W. (2005). the impact of human-wildlife conflict on human lives and livelihoods. united Kingdom: cambridge University press.
[39] Treves, a. (2008, january). The Human Dimensions of Conflicts with Wildlife around Protected Areas.
Kiogora, D. K & Gathoni, F. “Influence of resource competition on human-wildlife conflicts among the community of Kithoka area in Meru County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.526-534 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5935
Download PDF
Challenges of Poverty on National Development in Nigeria
Omaku Angulu Abubakar & Habakuk Aboki – September 2021 – Page No.: 535-540
One of the most notable challenges of economic development of any nation is poverty. This is because it is the responsibility of the leadership of any nation to carter for the welfare of its citizens. It is estimated that globally, about three billion people live below $2 per day poverty threshold and may increase to three billion people by the year 2050. A substantial number of these people living in absolute poverty are Africans. This vicious cycle of poverty among Africans is noted to ‘be trans-generational and may continue unabated of appropriate strategies to combat same are not put in place. Nigeria being the most populous nation in Africa has a good share of these poverty striking Africans and has made concerted efforts since independence to tackle this poverty, cycle without achieving, the desired results. This paper attempts an explanation of the concept of poverty and its theoretical framework, the impact of poverty on Nigerian economic development, causes of poverty in Nigeria and effort made by successive governments to eradicate poverty in the country. In conclusion, some policy recommendations aimed at eradicating poverty in the country were made.
Page(s): 535-540 Date of Publication: 13 October 2021
Omaku Angulu Abubakar
Pre-ND Department, Isa Mustapha Agwai 1 Polytechnic, Lafia Nasarawa State
Habakuk Aboki
Pre-ND Department, Isa Mustapha Agwai 1 Polytechnic, Lafia Nasarawa State
[1] Addae- Korankye (2014). Causes of poverty in Africa: A review of literature. American International Journal of Social Science 3(7), 147–153.
[2] Abdul T.H, Rosma O. Fairus S. B.Z (2016). Poverty challenges in education context: a case study of transformation of mindset of a non-governmental organization.
[3] Aiyedogbon, J. O., & Ohwofasa, B. O. (2012). Poverty and youth unemployment in Nigeria, 1987-2011. International Journal of Business Research and Social Science, 3(20), 269– 279.
[4] Anyanwu, J. C. (2013). The correlates of poverty in Nigeria and policy implications. African J. Economic and Sustainable Development, 2(1), 23–52
[5] Aku P.S, Ibrahim MT & Bulus Y.D (2007). Perspective on poverty alleviation Strategies in Nigerian Economic Society, Ibadan
[6] Ajakaiye D.O. & Adeyeye, V.A., (2001). Concept, measurement and causes of poverty in Nigeria. CBN Economic and Financial Review 39(4), 1–17.
[7] Bass H (2011). Ragner Nurske’s development theory: Influences and perceptions. In: Kattel R, Kregel J and Reinert E (Eds.), Classical Development Economics and its Relevance for Today, Anthem Press, London: 183–202
[8] Dada, J. T., & Fanowopo, O. (2020). Economic growth and poverty reduction in Nigeria: The role of institutions. Ilorin Journal of Economic Policy, 7(1), 1–15.
[9] Duru M. (2008). An Analysis of Socio-economic factors Responsible for Poverty in Northern States. Economic Update. Nigerian Journal of Contemporary Public Policy Issues, Department of Economics, A.B.U Zaria. Vol. 1 No. I Zaria: Ahrnadu Bello University Press Ltd
[10] Ebonyi V. and Jirno O. (2002). Cooperative Movement. A way out of Poverty in our Society. Kaduna: Prestige Printing Co. Ltd.
[11] Fosu, A. K. (2017). Growth, inequality, and poverty reduction in developing countries: Recent global evidence. Research in Economics, 71(2), 306–336.
[12] Khalid Abu-Ismail (2008) Poverty, Growth and Income Distribution in Lebanon. International Poverty Centre United Nations Development Programme.
[13] Lewis O (1975). Five families: Mexican case studies in the culture of poverty. Basic Books, New York, USA
[14] Nurkse R (1953). Problems of Capital Formation in Underdeveloped Countries. Oxford Univ. Press, New York, USA
[15] National Planning Commission (2004). National economic empowerment and development strategy, Economic and Social Studies Review, Abuja, Nigeria.
[16] Omoniyi B. B. (2017). An examination of the causes of poverty on economic growth in Nigeria. Journal 6(1).
[17] Ogundipe, A., Oduntan, E. A., Adebayo, O., & Olagunju, K. (2016). Agricultural productivity, poverty reduction and inclusive growth in Africa: Linkages and pathways. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, 18(1), 1–15.
[18] Osabohien, R., Matthew, O., Gershon, O., Ogunbiyi, T., & Nwosu, E. (2019). Agriculture development, employment generation and poverty reduction in West Africa. The Open Agriculture Journal, 13(1), 82–89
[19] Umo U (2012). Escaping Poverty in Africa. A perspective on Strategic Agenda for Nigeria. Lagos: Millennium Text Publishers Ltd
[20] Valencia R (1997). The evolution of deficit thinking: Educational thought and practice. Falmer, London, UK.
[21] World Bank (2002). World development report, World Bank, Washington, DC.
[22] World Bank (2000). World development report: Attacking poverty, World Bank, Washington, DC.
[23] World Bank (1994). Poverty net. World Bank, Washington, DC.
Omaku Angulu Abubakar & Habakuk Aboki , “Challenges of Poverty on National Development in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.535-540 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/535-540.pdf
Download PDF
Religious Diversity in the Middle East and its impact on patterns of global Interaction
Ugwoegbu, Edmund Ugochukwu, Umeh Lucy Chinwe – September 2021 – Page No.: 541-546
Religion has remained the key to understanding politics in the Middle East and it has a pronounced impact in the global society at large. The three monotheistic religion namely Christianity, Islam and Judaism originated in the Middle East with Islamic religion predominating. The estimated population of over 411 million includes 13 million Arab Migrants as of this year 2021 was 90% Muslims with religious diversity existing within the Islamic realm and also among the 10% of non-Muslims in the region. This study dissected religious diversity in Middle East using Structural Functionalism theory, documentary method and content analysis of varieties of religion which appears to be a regular feature of the modern complex society. It therefore discovered Middle East as the hub of conflict/terrorism due to its highly diversified nature when it comes to religion and the more diverse its religious population, the more violent its domestic conflict tend to be. However, it recommended that all the diverse religious population should embrace ecumenism and unification of the complex structures that will perform cordial functions of accommodation of the diverse religions in order to avert conflict among the difference religions that exist within the Middle East geographical area.
Page(s): 541-546 Date of Publication: 13 October 2021
Ugwoegbu, Edmund Ugochukwu
Department of Religion, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusette, United States
Umeh Lucy Chinwe
Department of International Relations, Godfrey Okoye University, Thinkers Corner, Enugu State, Nigeria
[1] http://www.cqpress.com/docs/college/Lust_Middle%20East%2013e.pdf Robert Lee and Lihi Ben Shitrit, Religion, Society, and Politics in the Middle East.
[2] Steven Vertovec, Super Diversity and Its implications, Ethnic and Racial Studies (2007) 30:6, 1024-1054.
[3] Ibid.
[4] http://www.catholicherald.co.uk/news/2015/02/18/christians-murdered-in-libya-whispered-name-of-jesus-before-death-bishop-says
[5] Lee Feinstein and Anne-Marie Slaughter, A Duty to Prevent. Foreign Affairs journal, January/February, 2004, 137.
[6] Robert Lee and Lihi Ben Shitrit, Religion, Society and Politics in the Middle East, op cit.
[7] James Clark, 36-42.
[8] James Clark, Frequent Incompatibilities: Ethnic and Religious Diversity and the Nations of the Middle East. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 22, no 1 and 2(2002), 36-42.
[9] Albert Hourani, Race, Religion and the Nation State: A Vision of History (Beirut: Khyat, 1961), 71.
[10] Ibid. 72( ethnicity defined as “communities of which members have shared a historical experience long and profound enough to give them a significant degree of identity: in language…in modes of thought and feeling, and in physical characteristics.”
[11] Ernest Gellner, MuslimSociety (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), 59
Ugwoegbu, Edmund Ugochukwu, Umeh Lucy Chinwe, “Religious Diversity in the Middle East and its impact on patterns of global Interaction” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.541-546 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/541-546.pdf
Download PDF
Translation Strategy of Indonesian Subtitle for English Taboo Words in The Get Hard Movie: Gottlieb’s Strategy
Zulfahmi Irwan, Noer Jihad Saleh, Abidin Pammu – September 2021 – Page No.: 547-551
This research aims to find out the emerging translation strategies of Indonesian subtitle for English taboo texts in the Get Hard movie and discover the effect of the translation strategies toward the translation quality. In finding the data, the researcher employs the embedded design, a mixed-methods design, to apply the theory of translation strategy proposed by Gottlieb using a qualitative method and Translation Quality Assessment proposed by House using a quantitative method. There are 6 emerging translation strategies in translating taboo text; 128 Paraphrasing Strategy (43% or 128 data), Transfer Strategy (25% or 73 data), Imitation Strategy (4% or 12 data), Condensation Strategy (26% or 76 data), Dislocation Strategy (1% or 3 data), and Transcription Strategy (1% or 2 data). It means paraphrasing strategy is dominant strategy used by the translator.
Page(s): 547-551 Date of Publication: 13 October 2021
Zulfahmi Irwan
Faculty of Cultural Sciences – Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Noer Jihad Saleh
Faculty of Cultural Sciences – Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Abidin Pammu
Faculty of Cultural Sciences – Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
[1] D. S. Husba, A. Yassi, and N. Saleh, “Translator’s Gender and Culture Ideology: A Case Study of the Translation of Eka Kurniawan’s Cantik Itu Luka Into Beauty is A Wound,” 2020, doi: 10.4108/eai.15-11-2019.2296441.
[2] K. Amir and S. Azisah, “Gender Analysis on Slang Language in Students Daily Conversation,” ETERNAL (English, Teaching, Learn. Res. Journal), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 221–235, 2017, doi: 10.24252/eternal.v32.2017.a10.
[3] W. Ronald, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Blackwell Publishing, 2001.
[4] S. Wehmeier, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2005.
[5] F. Rahman, “The Constraints of Foreign Learners in Reading English Literary Works: A Case Study at Hasanuddin University,” J. Arts Humanit., 2018, doi: 10.18533/journal.v7i2.1327.
[6] F. Rahman, “Cyber Literature: A Reader – Writer Interactivity,” Int. J. Soc. Sci. Educ. Stud., vol. 3, no. 4, p. 156, 2017.
[7] M. R. A. Latief, N. J. Saleh, and A. Pammu, “The effectiveness of machine translation to improve the system of translating language on cultural context,” IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 575, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/575/1/012178.
[8] D. P. Verity and M. L. Larson, “Meaning-Based Translation: A Guide to Cross-Language Equivalence,” Mod. Lang. J., 1986, doi: 10.2307/328112.
[9] N. G. Yulianita, M. Nababan, and D. Djatmika, “The Acceptability of Religious Terms Translation in the Complete Idiot’s Guide to Understanding Islam,” Ling. Cult., vol. 12, no. 2, p. 111, 2018, doi: 10.21512/lc.v12i2.3999.
[10] P. Aguado-Giménez and P. F. Pérez-Paredes, “Translation-strategies use: A classroom-based examination of baker’s taxonomy,” Meta, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 294–311, 2005, doi: 10.7202/010675ar.
[11] J. Catford, “A Linguistic Theory of Translation.” 1965, [Online]. Available: http://books.google.com/books?id=ukUwmgEACAAJ&pgis=1.
[12] E. A. Nida and C. R. Taber, “The Theory and Practice of Translation.pdf.” p. 216, 1969.
[13] R. T. Bell, Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. London: Longman, 1991.
[14] D. Chiaro, “Audiovisual Translation,” in The encyclopedia of applied linguistics, Blackwell publishing Ltd, 2013.
[15] J. D. Cintas, “New trends in audiovisual translation,” New Trends Audiov. Transl., pp. 1–270, 2009, doi: 10.21832/9781847691552.
[16] M. C. Fairman, Fuck. Illinois: Sphinx Publishing, 2009.
[17] T. Jay, “Do Offensive Words Harm People?,” Psychol. Public Policy, Law, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 81–101, 2009, doi: 10.1037/a0015646.
[18] C. Fershtman, U. Gneezy, and M. Hoffman, “Taboos and identity: Considering the unthinkable,” Am. Econ. J. Microeconomics, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 139–164, 2011, doi: 10.1257/mic.3.2.139.
[19] K. Allan and K. Burridge, Forbidden Words; Taboo and the Censoring of Language. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
[20] K. Lindahl, The x -word and its usage: Taboo words and swearwords in general, and x-words in newspapers. Swedia: Karlstads Universitet, 2008.
[21] B. Bachriani, A. H. Yassi, and F. Rahman, “A Comparative Study of Euphemism in English and Buginese: Pragmatic Stylistics Contexts,” ELS J. Interdiscip. Stud. Humanit., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 429–440, 2018, doi: 10.34050/els-jish.v1i4.5760.
[22] M. Danesi, Pesan Tanda Makna. Yogyakarta: Jalasutra, 2010.
[23] M. Rabiger, Directing The Documentary. Oxford: Elseiver, 2009.
[24] Sugiyono. Dr. Prof, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif Dan R&D. Bandung: CV. Alfabeta, 2015.
[25] M. Baker, In Other Words: A Coursebook on Translation. London: Routledge, 1992.
Zulfahmi Irwan, Noer Jihad Saleh, Abidin Pammu “Translation Strategy of Indonesian Subtitle for English Taboo Words in The Get Hard Movie: Gottlieb’s Strategy” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.547-551 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5936
Download PDF
A Review of the Counterinsurgency Approaches in Nigeria
Modu Lawan Gana and Hadiza Mali Bukar – September 2021 – Page No.: 552-559
This concept paper explored and analyzed the various counterinsurgency approaches adopted both by the Nigeria government, international partners and community base groups in the combating the violent insurgency of Boko Haram in the country’s north. The article revealed that Nigeria adopted both carrot and stick approach in its operation. The former involved political campaigns of dialogue to ceasefire. The later approach is a violent aggression by the military and quasi-military forces aimed at annihilating the insurgent fighters and their alleged collaborators. Whereas the application of the two approaches is blended rather than sequential, the military aggression however remained the dominant campaign of the government. The article argued that the predominance of the military campaign undermined the unprecedented successes of the government. The indiscriminate force targeting both the insurgent and the population suppressed the chances of accessing timely and credible intelligence about the insurgents movements, their hideout and identification of their potential target. As panacea, the article suggest Nigeria government and its counterinsurgency partners to resort to the people centred campaign through enhancing governance through the provision of basic necessities of livelihood to withdraw the support of the population on the insurgent rather than sticking to the security only campaign.
Page(s): 552-559 Date of Publication: 13 October 2021
Modu Lawan Gana
Department of Public Administration, Mai Idris Alooma Polytechnic, Geidam, Yobe State
Hadiza Mali Bukar
Department of Public Administration, Yobe State University, Damaturu, Nigeria
[1] Abdulazeez, M. A (2016). The Inadequacies of Exclusive Military Action: Countering Boko Haram’s Terrorism with Alternative Strategy. In Selected papers Terrorism Experts Conference (TEC) 2016, Center of Excellence Defence Against Terrorism.
[2] Agbiboa, D. (2015). Why Boko Haram Exists : The Relative Deprivation Perspective. African Conflict & Peacebuilding Review, Vol. 3.1, pp, 144-157.
[3] Al-Efendi, A & Gumel, S. (2015). Abducting Modernity: Boko Haram, Gender Violence and the Marketplace of Bigotry. Journal of Women of the Middle East and the Islamic World, Vol. 13, pp. 127-140.
[4] Amao, O.B & Maiangwa, B. (2017). Has the Giant Gone to Sleep? Re-assessing Nigeria’s Response to the Liberian Civil War (1990–1997) and the Boko Haram Insurgency (2009–2015), African Studies, Vol. 76.1, pp. 22-43.
[5] Bamidele, O. (2016). Civilian Joint Task Force’ (CJTF) – A Community Security Option: A Comprehensive and Proactive Strategy to Counter-Terrorism. Journal for Deradicalization, Vol. 7, pp. 124–144.
[6] Bappah, H. Y. (2016). Nigeria’s Military Failure Against the Boko Haram Insurgency. African Security Review, Vol. 25. 2, pp. 146–158.
[7] Campbell, K.M & Weitz, R. (2006). Non-Military Strategies For Countering Islamist Terrorism: Lessons Learned From Past Counterinsurgencies. The Princeton Project Paper. The Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, US.
[8] Chukwuma, O. A. (2017). Nigeria: Volunteer Vigilantism and Counter- Insurgency in the Northeast, Conflict Studies Quarterly, Issue 20, pp. 34-55.
[9] Doukhan, D. (2015). The Rise of Caliphates. International Institute for Counter-Terrorism. IDC Herzliya, pp. 6-12
[10] Falode, J.A. (2016). The Nature of Nigeria’s Boko Haram War, 2010-2015: A Strategic Analysis, Perspectives on Terrorism Vol. 10.1, pp. 41-52.
[11] Fatile, J.O & Ejalonibu, G.L. (2014). Emerging Rule: A Panacea for Peace and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria. Journal of Policy and Development Studies, Vol. 9.1 pp. 122-133
[12] Galula, D. (1964), Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory and Practice. Praeger Security International Westport, Connecticut, London.
[13] Gana, M.L Joining Militia; Understanding the Drivers of Militia Participation in Counterinsurgency Operation in Yobe State, Nigeria, European Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 3(4): 14-21,
[14] Gana, M.L (2020). Militia Counterinsurgency: The Implications of Pro-government Militia Participation in Counterinsurgency in Northeast Nigeria, International Journal for Research and Innovation in Social Sciences, Vol.4.12, pp.61-66
[15] Gana, M.L (2020). Strategy of Civilian Joint Task Militia in Combating Boko Haram in Northern Nigeria, International Journal of Legal Studies, Vol. 1 (7), 345-360 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.3126
[16] Gana M.L. (2020). Militia Counterinsurgency. Perspective on the Motivations of Civilian Joint Task Force Militia Participation in Northern Nigeria. RUDN Journal of Public Administration; Vol.7 (2): 124–134. DOI: 10.22363/2312- 8313-2020-7-2-124-134
[17] Gana, M.L (2019). Militia Participation in Counterinsurgency: The Impetus of Civilian Joint Task Force Participation in Combating Boko Haram in Nigeria, RUDN Journal of Political Science, Vol.21.3, pp.460-469
[18] Gana, M.L., Samsu, K.H & Ismail, M.M (2018). Counterinsurgency Responses in Nigeria: Unveiling the Constraining Challenges, International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol. 3. 6, pp. 1-8
[19] Gana, M.L., Samsu, K.H & Ismail, M.M (2018). Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria: Changing the Pattern of Counterinsurgency, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, Vol. 2, 8. pp. 127-130
[20] Gana, M.L., Samsu, K.H & Ismail, M.M (2018). Population-Centric Counterinsurgency: The Conduit for Ending Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria’s North. European Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 1 (4): 8-13.
[21] Gana, M.L., Samsu, K.H & Ismail, M.M (2018). Civil Disobedient to Violent Extremism: Understanding Boko Haram in Northern Nigeria, International Journal of Research in Social Science, Vol, 8 (1): 23-26
[22] Gray, C. S. (2012). Concept Failure? Counterinsurgency and Strategic Theory. Prism: a Journal of the Center for Complex Operations; Washington Vol. 3.2, pp. 17-32.
[23] Hassan, I & Pieri, Z. (2018) The Rise and Risks of Nigeria’s Civilian Joint Task Force: Implications for Post-Conflict Recovery in Northeastern Nigeria, In Boko Haram beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency, Jocob Zenn Eds. Combating Terrorism Center
[24] Jacob, J. U-U & Akpan, I. (2015). Silencing Boko Haram: Mobile Phone Blackout and Counterinsurgency in Nigeria’s Northeast Region. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development. 4(1), p. 8.
[25] Kilcullen, D. (2006) Counter-insurgency Redux, Survival: Global Politics and Strategy, Vol. 48.4, pp. 111-130, DOI: 10.1080/00396330601062790
[26] Kitson, F. (1971). Low Intensity Operations; Subversion, Insurgency & Peacekeeping. London: Faber & Faber Ltd.
[27] Lawal, E. E & Aluko, O. I. (2016). Nigerian Foreign Policy: a Fourth Republic Diplomatic Escapade, Humanities & Social Sciences, Vol. 4.9, pp. 708-721.
[28] Nwankpa, M (2015). Boko Haram: Whose Islamic State? James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, pp.-24.
[29] Nyuykonge, C & Ojigho, S. (2016). Nigeria: The Bolstering of Boko Haram versus the State’s Response, Conflict Studies Quarterly Vol. 15, pp. 28-41.
[30] Odo, L, U. (2015). Boko Haram and Insecurity in Nigeria: The Quest for a Permanent Solution, AFRREV, 9.1, pp. 47-61.
[31] Odomovo, A.F. (2014). Insurgency, Counterinsurgency and Human Right Violation in Nigeria. The Age of Human Rights Journal, Vol. 3 pp. 46-62
[32] Okorie, H (2017). Multinational Forces and the Respect for International Humanitarian Law: Appraisal of the Activities of the Multinational Joint Task Force in the Lake Chad Basin
[33] Omenma, J.T & Hendricks, C.M (2018). Counterterrorism in Africa: an Analysis of the Civilian Joint Task Force and Military Partnership in Nigeria. Security Journal, 31(3), 764–794.
[34] Onapajo, H., & Usman, A. A. (2015). Fuelling the Flames: Boko Haram and Deteriorating Christian–Muslim Relations in Nigeria. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, Vol. 35.1, pp.106–122.
[35] Onuoha, F. C. (2012). Reports Boko Haram: Nigeria’s Extremist Islamic Sect. Al-Jazeera Centre for Studies.
[36] Popovski, V & Mainagwa, B. (2016). Boko Haram’s attacks and the People’s Response: A ‘Fourth Pillar’ of the Responsibility to Protect?, African Security Review, Vol. 25.2, pp. 159-175.
[37] Sampson, I.T (2015). Between Boko Haram and the Joint Task Force: Assessing the Dilemma of Counter-Terrorism and Human Rights in Northern Nigeria, Journal of African Law, Vol. 59, 1, pp. 25–63 doi:10.1017/S0021855314000217
[38] Shuaibu, S.S & Salleh, M.A. (2015). Historical Evolution of Boko Haram in Nigeria: Causes and Solutions. Proceedings of International Conference on Empowering Islamic Civilization in the 21st Century (ICIC2015). Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia
[39] Solomon, H. (2012). Counter-terrorism in Nigeria: Responding to Boko Haram. The RUSI Journal. Vol. 157. 4, p. 6-11.
[40] Stevenston, J.A., Pate, A & Asiamah, E (2017). Effective Counter-Terrorism against Boko Haram, Empirical Assessment of Coercion, Delegitimization, Incentivization and Denial Strategies (2009-2014). In J. J Hentz and H, Solomon, ‘Understanding Boko Haram Terrorism and Insurgency in Africa. Routledge Taylor and Francis Group, London and Network.
[41] Tar, U. A & Mustapha, M (2017). The Emerging Architecture of a Regional Security Complex in the Lake Chad Basin, Africa Development, Volume XLII, No. 3. pp. 99-118
[42] Thompson, R. (1966). Defeating Communist Insurgency; the Lessons of Malaya and Vietnam (New York: F.A. Praeger
[43] Umar, A.M (2013). Nigeria and The Boko Haram Sect: Adopting a Better Strategy for Resolving the Crisis Master Thesis Submitted to Naval Postgraduate School
Modu Lawan Gana and Hadiza Mali Bukar, “A Review of the Counterinsurgency Approaches in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.552-559 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/552-559.pdf
Download PDF
Legal Protection and Awareness of Journalist’s Code of Ethics in the City of Palu, Central Sulawesi Province
Rahmat Bakri, Awaluddin, Widyatmi Anandi – September 2021 – Page No.: 560-568
The national press has a strategic role as a vehicle for mass communication, disseminating information, and forming opinions. Given the role of the press, the press must obtain legal protection guarantees, and be free from interference and coercion from anywhere. The guarantee of freedom and independence of the press is a concrete manifestation of the fulfillment of the right to public information, which is guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution and supports the professionalism of press actors in carrying out their journalistic duties. An independent press will be created if journalists are protected in carrying out their roles as holders of a public mandate to obtain information. The information produced by journalists will only contribute to the benefit of the public if in carrying out their duties, a journalist obeys the journalistic code of ethics.
Page(s): 560-568 Date of Publication: 13 October 2021
Rahmat Bakri
Lecturer on Faculty of Law, Tadulako University
Awaluddin
Lecturer on Faculty of Law, Tadulako University
Widyatmi Anandi
Lecturer on Faculty of Law, Tadulako University
[1] Armansyah. Pengantar Hukum Pers. 1st ed. Bekasi: Gramata Publishing, 2015.
[2] Chiang, Frank. ‘The State and Sovereignty’. In The One-China Policy: State, Sovereignty, and Taiwan’s International Legal Status, 13–99. Elsevier, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102314-3.00002-1.
[3] Congleton, Roger D. ‘The Institutions of International Treaty Organizations as Evidence for Social Contract Theory’. European Journal of Political Economy 63 (June 2020): 101891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2020.101891.
[4] Cui, Shujie, and Peng Qi. ‘The Legal Construction of Personal Information Protection and Privacy under the Chinese Civil Code’. Computer Law & Security Review 41 (July 2021): 105560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2021.105560.
[5] Dawson, Andrew. ‘The Achilles Heel of Democracy? A Macro Cross-National Assessment of the Correlates of State Legitimacy’. Social Science Research 97 (July 2021): 102574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102574.
[6] Dewan Pers. Buku Saku Wartawan. 7th ed. Jakarta: Dewan Pers, 2017.
[7] Dutta, Nabamita, and Sanjukta Roy. ‘The Interactive Impact of Press Freedom and Media Reach on Corruption’. Economic Modelling 58 (November 2016): 227–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2016.05.008.
[8] Fajar ND, Mukti, and Yulianto Achmad. Dualisme Penelitian Hukum Normatif & Empiri. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2010.
[9] Haugabrooks, Esther M., and Tamara House-Knight. ‘Laws and Regulations’. In Information Resources in Toxicology, 815–27. Elsevier, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813724-6.00073-6.
[10] Idris. ‘Pers Dalam Wacana Hukum (Kajian Tentang Kebebasan,Tanggungjawab, Dan Deviasi Pers Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Positif Di Indonesia’. Al Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 2, no. 5 (2012).
[11] Judhariksawan. Hukum Penyiaran. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2010.
[12] Kemendibud. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Daring Kemendikbud. Accessed 17 October 2019. https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/pers.
[13] Kerjasama dengan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Tadulako. Survei Sulawesi Tengah. Sulawesi Tengah, 2017.
[14] Manan, Bagir. ‘Pers Bermutu’. Dewan Pers 2013 (blog), 2013. www.dewanpers.or.id.
[15] Mochtar, Zainal Arifin. Lembaga Negara Independen: Dinamika Perkembangan Dan Urgensi Penataannya Kembali Pasca-Amandemen Konstitus. 1st ed. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2016.
[16] Siregar, R.H. Setengah Abad Pergulatan Etika Pers. Jakarta: Dewan kehormatan PWI, 2005.
[17] Susanto, Edy. Hukum Pers Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2010.
[18] Tim Peneliti Dewan Pers. Indeks Kemerdekaan Pers Tahun 2016. Jakarta: Dewan Pers, 2016. Indeks Kemerdekaan Pers Tahun 2017. Jakarta: Dewan Pers, 2017. Indeks Kemerdekaan Pers Tahun 2018. Jakarta: Dewan Pers, 2018.
[19] Undang-Undang. Nomor 40 Tahun 1999 tentang Pers, Pub. L. No. Konsideran MenimBang huruf c (1999).
[20] Wang, Yuanni, Hailin Cao, Yingchun Yuan, and Ruilian Zhang. ‘Empowerment through Emotional Connection and Capacity Building: Public Participation through Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations’. Environmental Impact Assessment Review 80 (January 2020): 106319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2019.106319.
Rahmat Bakri, Awaluddin, Widyatmi Anandi, “Legal Protection and Awareness of Journalist’s Code of Ethics in the City of Palu, Central Sulawesi Province ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.560-568 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5937
Download PDF
Spatio- Temporal Land Use Dynamics of Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria
Okwakpam, Ikechi Omenuihu & Mark Emmanuel O. – September 2021 – Page No.: 569-573
Assessing spatio-temporal dynamic of land use of Port Harcourt Metropolis is very important. Such assessment provides basic information for appropriate decision-making. Utilizing quasi-experimental design of satellite images of Port Harcourt Metropolis between 1990 to 2020, the study identified built up area, waterbodies, farmland/sparse vegetation as the land use type. The study revealed that percentage change of waterbodies is 48.62 km2 (10.61%) and built up area landuses 213.09 km2 (46.50%); respectively increased in terms of areal extent while thick vegetation 89.13 km2 (19.45%) ,wetlands size 44.61 km2 (9.74%) and farm/spares vegetation land uses continued to decrease between 2000 and 2020. The results not only confirmed the applicability and effectiveness of the combined method of remote sensing and metrics, but also revealed notable spatio-temporal features of land use. The study indicates that the increase rate of built up area and other land use types are continuously at opposite direction due to urban expansion or urban sprawl. The study recommended that; adequate and continuous monitoring of landuse should be made by utilizing satellite remote sensing; there should be adequate land use planning and conservation management in the study area.
Page(s): 569-573 Date of Publication: 13 October 2021
Okwakpam, Ikechi Omenuihu
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt,
Rivers State, Nigeria
Mark Emmanuel O.
Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt,
Rivers State, Nigeria
[1] Alam, A.; Bhat, M. S. and Maheen, M. (2020) Using landsat satellite data for assessing the land use and cover change in Kashmir valley. GeoJournal 85 (1529-1543).
[2] Dalil, M.; Onimisi, A.A.; Husaini, A. and Usman, M.B. (2016). Land use and land cover change detection and analysis in Minna, Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa 5(18).
[3] Elfadaly, A.; Wafa, O.; Abouarab, M.A.R.; Guida, A.; Spanu, P.G.; Lasaponara, R. Geo- Environmental Estimation of Land Use Changes and Its Effects on Egyptian Temples at Luxor City. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2017, 6, 378.
[4] Eludoyin, O.S. and Akinola, O. (2015). Spatio- temporal analysis of wetland change in Port-Harcourt metropolis. Tanzania Journal of Science, 14, pp 48-63
[5] Fonji,S. F. and Taff, G.N. (2014) Using satellite data to monitor land use land cover change in Northern eastern Latria. Springerplus 3(61).
[6] Kayet, N.; Pathal, K.; Chakrabarly, A and Sahoo, S (2016). Spatial impact of land use/land cover change on surface temperature distribution in Saranda Forest, Jharkhand. Modelling Earth System and Environment 2(3).
[7] Maitima, J.M.; Olson, J.M.; Mugatha, S.; Mugisha,S. and Mutie, I.T. (2010). Land use changes, impacts and options for sustainable productivity and livelihoods in Basin of Lake Victoria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa 3(12).
[8] Meyer, R. (2013). Major threats to wetlands, millennium ecosystem assessment. Geospatial technologies application in wetland assessment and mappng.
[9] Meyer, W.B. and Turner, B.L. (1996). “Land-Use/Land-Cover Change: Challenges for Geographers.” Geojournal 39(3): 237-240.
[10] Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). Ecosystem and human well-being: Wetlands and water synthesis report, World Resources Institute, Washington, DC
[11] Nwankwoala, H. O. (2012) “Case studies on coastal wetlands and water resources in Nigeria”. European Journal of Sustainable Development 12 Pp. 113-126.
[12] Pande, C.B.; Moharir, K.N.; Khadri, S.F.R. and Patil, S. (2018). Land use classification in an arid region using multi spectral satellite images. Applied Water Science 8(123).
[13] Okwakpam, I. O. (2021). Quality of residential-neighbourhood environment of Port Harcourt city local government area of Rivers State. Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 3(26).
[14] Okwakpam, I. O. and Epelle A. (2013) Land Accessibility: The Burden on Socio – Economic Livelihood of Women in Akpor Clan, Obio/Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 4(14).
[15] Sang, Z.; Djainal, H. and Deni, S. (2021) Land use balance determinations using satellite imagery and geographic information system: case study in south Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Geodesy and Geodynamics 2(12).
[16] Southworth, J. (2004).An assessment of Landsat TM band 6 thermal data for analysing land cover in tropical dry forest regions. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 4 (25)
[17] Tijani, M.N, Olaleye, A.O and Olubanjo, O.O (2011). Impact of Urbanization on Wetland Degradation: A Case Study of Eleyele Wetland, Ibadan, South West, Nigeria, Environmental Management Conference held at Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Pp 435-457.
[18] Turner, B.L.; Skole, D.; Sanderson, S.; Fischer, G.; Fresco, L. and Leemans, R. (1995). Land-Use and Land-Cover Change; Science/Research Plan. IGBP Report No.35, HDP Report No.7. IGBP and HDP, Stockholm and Geneva.
[19] Viana, C.M..; Oliveira S.; Oliveira S. and Rochas, J. (2019). Land use/land cover change detection and urban sprawl analysis. Spatial Modeling in GIS and R for Earth and Environmental Science (pp.621-651 (800)).
[20] Yang, X. and Liu, Z. (2007). Using satellite imagery and GIS for land use and land cover change mapping in an estuarine watershed. International Journal of Remote Sensing 23(26).
Okwakpam, Ikechi Omenuihu & Mark Emmanuel O. “Spatio- Temporal Land Use Dynamics of Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.569-573 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/569-573.pdf
Download PDF
Finding out Economic activities undertaken by Assemblies of God CADAF in Rural Transformation of Bwito “collectivité” Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu in Democratic Republic of Congo
Dr. Nuwatuhaire Benard, Dr. Rwashema Enos, Munvano Hangi Jérémie – September 2021 – Page No.: 574-580
The study aimed at finding out economic activities undertaken by Assemblies of God (CADAF) in Bwito “collectivité” of Bwito Collectivité, Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu Democratic Republic of Congo. The study adopted a cross-sectional design using both quantitative and qualitative research approaches on a sample of 390 respondents. Quantitative data involved the use of descriptive statistics particularly frequencies, percentages and the mean Findings revealed that Economic activities undertaken by Assemblies of God (CADAF) in Rural Transformation establishment of the self-help group and horticulture project to improve food security in the community. It was hence concluded that, Assemblies of God (CADAF) do recommendable work in in Rural Transformation of Bwito “collectivité” Rutshuru Territory. It was thus recommended that government should to equip local leaders and those involved in church and its members in entrepreneurship skills to enhance partnership between governmet and church.
Page(s): 574-580 Date of Publication: 14 October 2021
Dr. Nuwatuhaire Benard
Valley University of Science and Technology, Uganda
Dr. Rwashema Enos
Valley University of Science and Technology, Uganda
Munvano Hangi Jérémie
Valley University of Science and Technology, Uganda
[1] Andrews, R. (2011).Religious Communities, Immigration and Social Cohesion in Rural Areas: Evidence from England. Rural Sociology, 76 (4): 535-561.
[2] Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Marizot, J. & Pagani, L., (2009), ‘Adolescent behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement in school: Relationship to dropout’, Journal of School of Health 79(9), 408–415.
[3] Chaan, Ram.A., Robert J. Winebury and Stephanie, C. Boddie. The Newer Deal: Social work and Religion in Partnership. New York, Columbia University Press 2009, pp. 22
[4] Creswell, John W. (2014). Research design : qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-1-4522-2609-5.
[5] Danish Aziz, Faith in Action – the role of faith leaders in humanitarian action 2017
[6] Durand, J. 2007. The Many Faces of God. Stellenbosch: Sun Press. Frankel, J. 1969. International Politics: Conflict and Harmony. London: The Penguin Press.
[7] Eccles, J.S. & Davis-Kean, P.E., (2005), ‘Influences of parents’ education on their children’s educational attainments: the role of parent and child perceptions’, London Review of Education
[8] Fuller, M.L., (2008), ‘Poverty: The enemy of children and families’, in G. Olsen & M.L. Fuller (eds.), Home-school relations: Working successfully with parents and families, pp. 273–289, Pearson, Boston.
[9] GERRIE TER HAAR and STEPHEN ELLIS, The Role of Religion in Development: Towards a New Relationship between the European Union and Africa 2006
[10] Gerring, John. (2012). Case study research: Principles and practices. New York: Cambridge University Press.
[11] Hamunyela, M.N., (2008), ‘A critical analysis of parental involvement in the education of learners in rural Namibia’, PhD dissertation, Department of Education, University of Pretoria
[12] Hooghoff, H. & Joubert, J. (2010), ‘Multi grade undulation: re-valued’, in Proceedings of the Southern African multi-grade education conference 2010, pp. 45–51, Institute for Curriculum Development,
[13] Joey Ager Local Faith Communities and the Promotion of Resilience in Contexts of Humanitarian Crisis 2019 June 2010
[14] Kara H (2012) Research and Evaluation for Busy Practitioners: A Time-Saving Guide, p.102. Bristol: The Policy Press
[15] Karbo, T. 2013. Religion and Social Cohesion in Ethiopia. Africa Program of the University of Peace, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, International Journal of Peace and Development Studies, Vol.4, No.3, PP. 43-52
[16] Kasomo Daniel (2010) The role of women in the Church in Africa, International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 2(6), pp. 126-139,
[17] Kirmani N, Ahmed Khan A and Palmer V (2009) Does Faith Matter?: An Examination of Islamic Relief’s work with Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons, Islamic Relief Worldwide, UK.
[18] Kumilachew Shiferaw. 2015. The Socio Economic Role of Religion: The case of Ethiopian
[19] Lucie Woolley Integral, Inspirational and Influential The role of local churches in humanitarian and development responses, Tearfund 2017
[20] Lunn, J. Clain. 2010. Faith in Action: Religious Organizations and Development in Kalkata, India. Royal HollowayUniversity of London.
[21] Metz, J.B. (2000), Faith in history and society: Toward a fundamental Practical Theology, Seabury, New York.
[22] Mtata, K. 2012. Religion: Help or Hindrance to Development? The Lutheran World Federation, Geneva, Switzerland, EvangelischVerlangsansanstalt.
[23] Newing, H. (2011). Conducting Research in Conservation: A Social Science Methods and Practice. London: Taylor and Francis publishers.
[24] Ogbonnaya, J. 2012. Religion and Sustainable Development in Africa: The case of Nigeria. International Journal of Catholicism, Vol.3, No.2. Saint Leo University.
[25] Orthodox Tewahido Church in Addis Ababa. Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
[26] Pesonen, H. and Vesela Kari. 2006. Congregations and Rural Development: The case of Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland. Agricultural Economics Review, Vol.17, No.1.
[27] Ramadan, T (2008) The Messenger: The meanings of the life of Muhammad, Penguin Books, London.
[28] Rebecca Traister (2016), “Can a Woman Legitimately Win? Trump’s claims of fraud have a longhistory,” New York Magazine, 8-21 Aug 2016, pp. 17-18.
[29] Riyad Mustafa (2014) Developing Behaviour Change Communication Tools towards
[30] Schwab, Michael, Arts. and Borgdorff, Henk, eds. (2014), The Exposition of Artistic Research: Publishing Art in Academia, Leiden: Leiden University Press
[31] Seibert. J. Rudolf. 2015. The Critical Theory of Religion. USA. Western Michegan University, Heathwood Institute and Press
[32] Solomon O. Akanbi1 and Jaco Beyers The church as a catalyst for transformation in the society, Department of Science of Religion and Missiology, Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa , 2017
[33] Turner, S. Bryan. 2011. Religion and Contemporary Sociological Theories. USA, City University of New York.
[34] UNFPA . 2014. Religion and Development Post-2015. Report of Consultation Among Donor Organizations. UN Development Agensies and Faith-Based Organizations, New York. University
[35] Venter, D. Concepts and theories in the study of African Independent Churches in Venter. D. (Ed) Engaging Modernity: Methods and cases for studying African Independent Churches in South Africa. London, Praeges publishers, 2004, pp. 13-44.
[36] World Disasters Report 2014, International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.
[37] World Value Survey. (2015). Religious Communities as Partners for Development Cooperation. Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development.
[38] Yvan Schulz The great value of poor migrants: State policies, Christian morality and primary education in Sabah, Malaysia 2017.
Dr. Nuwatuhaire Benard, Dr. Rwashema Enos, Munvano Hangi Jérémie, “Finding out Economic activities undertaken by Assemblies of God CADAF in Rural Transformation of Bwito “collectivité” Rutshuru Territory, North Kivu in Democratic Republic of Congo” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.574-580 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/574-580.pdf
Download PDF
Emerging Insecurity Challenges and its Impact on Quality Tertiary Education in Nigeria: A case study of Delta State University, Abraka and Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State (Sponsored by Tetfund)
Agazuma Ehigiamusor Solomon, Mochi Solomon – September 2021 – Page No.: 581-587
No nation can attain development in all ramifications in the absence of peace, justice and security. The level of insecurity challenges in Nigeria has assumed an alarming dimension that does not only require a narrow approach in tackling it but a multi dimensional approach. Matters of safety and security remain an integral part of any human society irrespective of seize and structure. The impact of this massive sense of insecurity in tertiary institutions and indeed other similar sectors cannot be overestimated. The study investigates the cause, impact and possible ways of tackling the ugly insecurity situation that is ravaging the educational system in the country with Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State and Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State in focus. Two research questions and one null hypothesis were used for this research. A descriptive survey research design was adopted and a total population of 3,211 respondents, mainly comprising of staff and students of the institutions selected for the study. A total of 682 respondents were selected for the study using the random and proportionate-stratified sampling method. A correlation index of 0.81 was obtained to determine the reliability of the instrument that is, the questionnaire which was self-designed. Responses to the questions raised were analyzed using the mean statistics and the hypotheses were tested using the chi square statistics of 0.05level of significance. Furthermore, the results of the analysis revealed the causes of insecurity in Nigeria, its impact on the educational system, the different dimensions of insecurity in the state and how it has significantly affects the quality of education and academic performance in tertiary institutions including the magnitude of damages done to the sector and government readiness to respond adequately in tackling the disturbing crisis. At the end, the study advocated possible ways of curtailing the crisis situation in the country, so as to avoid total breakdown of law and order in the system. Finally, the study among others recommends the need for proper and regular training and retraining of teacher or lecturers/students and school administrators on the rudiments of teaching not just lecturing and the need for security tips, moral, professional ethics and good conduct in the educational system. Furthermore, it also recommends that efforts should be made by school administrators as well as all stakeholders in the education industry to ensure that schools are adequately protected to ward off and to completely discouraged issues relating to oppression, extortion from students, intimidations, sales of marks, intruders and possible invaders
Page(s): 581-587 Date of Publication: 14 October 2021
Agazuma Ehigiamusor Solomon
Department of Political Science, College of Education, Igueben, Nigeria
Mochi Solomon
Department of General Education, College of Education, Igueben, Nigeria
[1] Albert, I.O. (2004): Explaining the security challenges in contemporary Nigeria. http://www.fellow%zo.investiture{1}pdf.retrieved 12/7/2021
[2] Ajibade, D. (2013). Students’ Crisis in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions: A Review of the Causes and Management Style. Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. 10 (5) 5-7.
[3] Beland, D.P. (2005). The Political Construction Collective Insecurity: From moral panic to blame avoidance and organized irresponsibility, Center for European Studies Working Paper Series 126
[4] Best, S. G. (2006). The Method of Conflict Resolution and Transformation in Shedrack Gaya Best (ed) Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies in West Africa. Ibadan: Spectrum Book Ltd.
[5] Eme, O. I. (2011), Ethno-religious identities in Nigeria; implications for good governance in Nigeria. Journals of Social Sciences. Vol 2.1
[6] Eme, O. I. (2012), Education and Coflict in Nigeria; implications for Development in Nigeria. Journals of Social Sciences. Vol 1.3
[7] Iyoha, A.E,; Odion, H.A, & Dare, R.C, (2010). Evil on campus exposed. Benin City: Matilo World Print publication
[8] Lehr, C.A. (2004). Positive School Climate: Information for Education. National Association of School Psychologists. Retrieved on 20th May, 2021 from http://www.nasponline.org/….school-climate.hopd
[9] Omorogbe, E.A. (2016), The Ugly Trend Trend of Insecurity in Nigeria and its Impact on Education. Journals of Africa Educators. Vol 5, No 3
[10] Olamosu, B.(2000).Crisis of Education in Nigeria. Ibadan: Book Farm Publishers
[11] Protect Education Attack, (2020). Global Coalition: Sourced online from GCPEA on 9TH July 2020
[12] Salami, A. A. (2004). Nigerian Student and Campus cults: Quest for Recognition. The Polymath, Journal of the Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta: 1(2). 75-87.
[13] Ugwu, A. N. (2013). Conflict management for sustainable community development in Nigeria in the 21st Century. In B.A. Eheazu, C.N. Barikor and I.S.. Nzeneri. (Eds). Readings in adult and non formal education. Port Harcourt, University of Port Harbourt Press (1) 199-211
[14] UNICEF, (2000). Defining Quality in Educa tion. A paper presented by UNICEF at the meeting of The International Working Group on Education Florence. Working Paper Series, Education Section, Programme Division. New York.
[15] William, S., Harnet, T., & Strassner, E. (2003). Higher Education in Nigeria: A Status Report. Higher Education Policy, 16:259-281
[16] Wang, M.T.(2010). Adolescents’ Perceptions of School Environment, engagement, and academic achievement in middle school. American Educational Research , 47, 669-678
Agazuma Ehigiamusor Solomon, Mochi Solomon, “Emerging Insecurity Challenges and its Impact on Quality Tertiary Education in Nigeria: A case study of Delta State University, Abraka and Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State (Sponsored by Tetfund) ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.581-587 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/581-587.pdf
Download PDF
Quality Assurance in the Use of Information and Communications Technology Skills in Teaching and Learning: Implication for Business Educators in Colleges of Education in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria
Ebhodaghe, Lennards Arekhandia, Dr. Akhor, Sadiq Oshoke – September 2021 – Page No.: 588-593
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and Globalization are two global phenomena that have impacted positively on modern businesses in many parts of the world. Business Education is one of the disciplines designed to equip students with requisite skills for self-employment and one of the major tools used for this great assignment is the use of ICT tools such as internet, data base management or spreadsheet applications etc, However, adequate attention has not been given to the use of ICT skills in teaching and learning of business education courses by Business educators at the College of Education level in Edo and Delta States, especially in handling the vast arrays of ICT tools and facilities available to them. This paper will therefore, focus on quality assurance in the teaching of ICT skills by Business Educators in Colleges of Education in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria. The paper will x-ray the problems associated with the incorporation of ICT skills in the impartation and learning of Business Education courses and programmes in these Colleges, its impact on the student in the work environment in an ever changing and innovation driven economy and society. The paper will employ the use of structured questionnaire and survey method of gathering data, which will be analyzed and make appropriate recommendations that will help government, curriculum planners and the Management of Colleges of Education and similar institutions in Nigeria embrace, improve and institute the use of ICT skills in the teaching and learning of Business Education courses and programmes.
Page(s): 588-593 Date of Publication: 14 October 2021
Ebhodaghe, Lennards Arekhandia
Department of Business Education, College of Education, Igueben, Edo State, Nigeria
Dr. Akhor, Sadiq Oshoke
Department of Business Education, College of Education, Igueben, Edo State, Nigeria
[1] Ajisafe, O.E, Bolarinwa, K.O. & Edeh T. (2015). Issues in business education programme: Challenge to national transformation. UK Journal of Education and Practice. 6(21).62.
[2] Adeshina T.J (2006) Implications for vocational business education in Nigeria Journal of Office Management & Technology. Auchi Polytechnic, Edo State 1(1) 259-264
[3] Adesina, T. J. (2006). Relationship between information technology skills of secretary teacher in college of education and their ability to utilize the internet for effective lecture delivery. Journal of Information and Technology. 2(3), 43-45.
[4] Adegbesan, S. O. (2011). Establishing Quality assurance in Nigeria education system: implication for educational managers. National instituted for educational planning and administration (NIEPA). http://www.academicjournal.org/ERR.
[5] Adessina,T. J. (2011). Essential of business communication. Zaria: Esonay Publishers.
[6] Ajaja, O. P. (2009a). Assessing and analyzing behaviour strategies of instructors in university science laboratories. Ikogho a Multi-disciplinary Journal, 7(iii), 103-114.
[7] Burrows, A. and Green, D., 1992, Someone Who Can Make an Impression. Report of the Employers’ Survey of Qualities of Higher Education Graduates. Birmingham, QHE.
[8] Osuala, E .C. (2004). Business education principles and practice. Onitsha: Africana Fep. Publishing Co.
[9] Dill, D.D. (2000) Designing Academic Audit: lessons learned in Europe and Asia, Quality in Higher Education, Vol. 6, No. 3
[10] Edokpolor, J. E. & Egbri, J. N. (2017). Business education in Nigeria for value re-orientation: A strategic approach for poverty alleviation and national development. Journal of Educational Research and Review (JERR), 5 (3): 41-48.
[11] Evans, T. S. (2009). Understanding technology adoption: Theory and future direction for informal learning. Review of Evaluation Research, 79(2), 625-649. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6214/0a124e5ef6b04746b64d9428822d18192486.pdf?_ga=2.74654106.9823820 56.1588444493-934417806.1551710944 Fumei, W., Rong-Jou, Y., Hann-Jang, H.
[12] Illusanya, A. (2005). The State of science, technology and vocational education in Nigeria. Ibadan: Triumph- providential publishers.
[13] Ilemobade, A. A. (1994). Science and technology. In O. O. Akinkugbe. (Ed.). Nigeria and education: The challenges ahead Ibadan. Spectrum Books Limited.
[14] Osuala, E.C (2004) Business education principles and practice. Onitsha; Africana Fep Publishers
[15] Vroeijenstijn, A.I. (1995a). Improvement and accountability: Navigating between Scylla & Charybdis. Higher Education Policy Series 30. 216 221.
[16] Vroeijenstijn, A.I. (1995b). Governments and university: Opponents or allies in quality assurance? Higher Education Review. 27(3). 234-238.
[17] Watty, K. (2003). When will academics learn about quality? Quality in Higher Education. 9(3). 46-50.
[18] Adeshina, T. J. (2006) ICT Implication for Vocational Business Education in Nigeria. Journal of Office Management and Technology. Auchi Polytechnic, Edo state 1 (1) 259-264
[19] Azuka, E. B. (2003): “Availability and Functionality of Business Education Equip
[20] Adeshina, T. J. (2006) ICT Implication for Vocational Business Education in Nigeria. Journal of Office Management and Technology. Auchi Polytechnic, Edo state 1 (1) 259-264
[21] Azuka, E. B. (2003): “Availability and Functionality of Business Education Equip
Ebhodaghe, Lennards Arekhandia, Dr. Akhor, Sadiq Oshoke “Quality Assurance in the Use of Information and Communications Technology Skills in Teaching and Learning: Implication for Business Educators in Colleges of Education in Edo and Delta States of Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.588-593 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/588-593.pdf
Download PDF
Decentralization and Service Delivery in the Health Sector of Kakanju Sub-County, Bushenyi District Local Government
Patience Kushaba, Dr. Henry Noel – September 2021 – Page No.: 594-602
The study examined the relationship between decentralization and quality of service delivery in health sector of Kakanju Sub-County in Bushenyi District Local Government. The study was guided by the following specific objectives; relationship between accountability and quality of service delivery in health sector of Kakanju Sub-County, relationship between transparency and quality of service delivery in health sector of Kakanju Sub-County Local Government, and relationship between local participation in decision making and quality of service delivery in health sector of Kakanju Sub-County Local Government in Bushenyi district. The study adopted descriptive, correlational and cross sectional survey designs and a sample size of 384 respondents including LCIII Chairperson, Sub-County Chief/SAS, CDO, Local Councilors and community members who were selected using simple random and purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and structured interviews. The data was analyzed using correlations and regression analysis to analyze and measure the degree of relationship between accountability, transparency, local participation in decision making and quality of service delivery and was run using SSPS Version 16.0. The major findings of the study revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between accountability and service delivery in health sector and accountability was a predictor of service delivery in health sector. Likewise, a significant positive relationship was observed between transparency and service delivery in health sector where transparency was seen to be a predictor of service delivery in health sector. Further still, the relationship between local participation in decision making and service delivery in health sector showed a significant positive relationship. In conclusion, transparency, accountability and local participation in decision making as dimensions of decentralization, determine service delivery in health sector of Kakanju Sub-County Local Government in Bushenyi District Local Government. The study recommends, therefore, there is need to strengthen the local governance structures to better understand and perform their roles, responsibilities and ensure accountability. There is need to promote transparency and systems that recognize participation, to incentivize citizens to take part actively in social and community health programs such as societies and associations, and mass immunization campaigns. The local communities should be at the core of the service delivery system by receiving the services and participating in designing of the agenda for public service delivery.
Page(s): 594-602 Date of Publication: 14 October 2021
Patience Kushaba
School of Graduate Studies and Research, Team University, Plot 446, Kabaka Ajagara.rd., Kampala-Uganda
Dr. Henry Noel
School of Graduate Studies and Research, Team University, Plot 446, Kabaka Ajagara.rd., Kampala-Uganda
[1] Auditor General (2011) Second Annual Report on corruption trends in Uganda, Kampala.
[2] Azfa O. et.al (2005) Decentralisation, governance and public service: The impact of institutional arrangements. In Mwanga et.al eds: Devolution and Development, Asgate.”
[3] Azfar O et al (2000) Making decentralisation work: An empirical investigation of governance and public services in Uganda. IRIS Centre, University of Maryland.
[4] Emorut S (2006) Decentralisation and good governance: Innovation approaches to public service management and service delivery. Memoir, MoLG, Kampala. Uganda.
[5] Francis P and James R (2003) Balancing rural Poverty reduction and citizen participation: The contradictions of Uganda’s decentralization programme. World Development 31(2), pp.325-337.
[6] Inspectorate of Government (2009). The state of corruption in Uganda, Kampala.
[7] Kauzya J.M (2003). Local government capacity building for full range participation: concepts, frameworks and experiences in African countries. ST/ESA/2003/DP 33 DESA Discussion Paper No. 3, United Nations.
[8] Kauzya J.M (2005). Decentralisation: Prospects for peace, democracy and development. DPADM Discussion Paper.
[9] Kiyaga-Nsubuga J (2004). Decentralisation, Local governance and poverty reduction: A theoretical exploration.A paper presented at Uganda Management Institute, Kampala, Uganda.
[10] Ministry of Local Government (2006) Decentralisation Policy Strategy Framework, Kampala, Uganda.
[11] Muriisa R.B (2008). Decentralisation in Uganda: Prospects for improved Service Delivery. African Development, Vol. XXXIII, No.4
[12] Natamba E.F. Muyomba-Tamale L et.al (2010). Local government councils performance in Uganda. ACODE Policy Research Paper series No. 39.
[13] New Vision-Uganda’s leading Daily, 2010 Uganda has the highest drop-out rate”. 9 April 2010.”
[14] Obeng-Odoom F (2010). Is decentralisation in Ghana Pro-poor? Commonwealth Journal of Local Governance, Issue 6 pp.120-126.
[15] Okidi J. A. and Guloba M. (2006). Decentralisation and development: Emerging issues from Uganda’s experience, EPRC, Occasional Paper No.31.
[16] Onyach-Olaa (2007). The success and challenges of decentralisation in Uganda. A paper presented at a Rural Development Workshop, Kampala Uganda.
[17] Saito F. (2002). Decentralisation for participatory development in Uganda: Limitations and prospects. Ryukoku University.
[18] Saxena K, Sohini P. and Goel P.R (2010). Decentralisation in Uganda. National Council of Applied Economic Research ((NCAER).
[19] Steiner S (2006). Decentralisation in Uganda: Exploring the constraints for poverty reduction. GIGA working Paper No.31.
[20] Steiner, S (2008). Constraints of the implementation of decentralisation implications for poverty. In Crownford and Hartmann(ed) Decentralisation in Africa, pp.33-72.
[21] Transparency International (2009). Overviews of corruption in Uganda.www.U4.no.
[22] World Bank (2000). World Bank Development Report 2001. Washington, DC.
Patience Kushaba, Dr. Henry Noel, “Decentralization and Service Delivery in the Health Sector of Kakanju Sub-County, Bushenyi District Local Government” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.594-602 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/594-602.pdf
Download PDF
Social Capital of Beef Cattle Farmers in Sumberwaru Village at Baluran National Park, Situbondo, Indonesia
Siti Azizah, Irfan H. Djunaidi, Jaisy A. Putritamara, Kiki T.N. Siregar and Dede Aprylasari – September 2021 – Page No.: 603-606
The role of social capital is no less important than other economic infrastructure, so efforts to build social capital need to be prioritized for the success of economic development. The formation of social capital can contribute to economic development because of the existence of this research. This research was carried out from June 23-July 22, 2021. The method used in this study used descriptive qualitative analysis. Respondents in this study were 20 farmers and two forest rangers in the Baluran National Park conservation area. Data was collected using interviews with questionnaires and direct observation. It was concluded that the elements of participation in a network, reciprocity, trust, social norms, and values showed a fairly strong level. While Proactive action is low because farmers do not accept innovation in feed management technology because of the culture of grazing cattle into the forest. A good cooperation program with Baluran National Park is needed to preserve the forest.
Page(s): 603-606 Date of Publication: 14 October 2021
Siti Azizah
Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Irfan H. Djunaidi
Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Jaisy A. Putritamara
Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Kiki T.N. Siregar
Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Dede Aprylasari
Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
[1] Suharto, E. (2007). Social Policy as Public Policy. Bandung: Alphabeta.
[2] Inayah. (2012). The Role of Social Capital in Development. Paper for the Department of Commercial Administration at the Semarang State Polytechnic. Semarang.
[3] Permadi., D. C. (2002). The Influence of Organizational Social Capital and Organizational Intellectual Capital on Organizational Excellence at PT Polysindo Eka Perkasa — PT. Multi KarsaInvestama Kendal. Thesis: Master in Management. Diponogoro University. Semarang.
[4] Leana, C. R., & Van Buren, H. J. (1999). Organizational Social Capital and Employment Practice. Academy of Management Review. 24(3): 538-555.
[5] Hasbullah, J. (2006). Social Capital (Towards the Excellence of Indonesian Culture). Jakarta. MR-United Press
[6] BPS. (2017). Livestock Population by District and Type of Livestock in Situbondo Regency 2017. Livestock Service Office of Situbondo Regency.
[7] Svendsen, G. T., & Svendsen, G. L. H. (2009). The troika of sociology, political science and economics. Handbook of Social Capital: The Troika of Sociology, Political Science and Economics, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781848447486.00006
[8] Mubyarto & Kartodihardjo, (1990). Rural Development in Indonesia. Liberty, Jakarta.
[9] Robbins, S. (2008). Organizational Behavior, Volumes I and II, translated: Hadyana Pujaatmaja. Jakarta: Prenhallindo.
[10] Fukuyama, F. (2002). The Great Disruption: Human Nature and the Reconstruction of Social Order. Yogyakarta : CV Qalam.
[11] Bolu, Y.G. (2011). A Study of the Effect of Social Capital and Information Disclosure of Innovations on the Level of Corn Innovation Adoption in East Lombok Regency. Dissertation. UGM Graduate School, Yogyakarta.Carpenter SR, Brock WA. 2004. Spatial Complexity, Resilience and Policy Diversity: Fishing on Lake-rich Landscapes. Ecology and Society. 9(1):8.
[12] Putnam, R. (1993). The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Public Life. The American Prospect,13 (Spring 1993) 4: 35-42.
[13] Lurin, L. (2004). Public Participation in Environmental Decission Making Finding For Communities Facing Toxic Waste Cleanup. Journal of American Planning Association. Chicago, Vol. 70 No. 1 2004.
Siti Azizah, Irfan H. Djunaidi, Jaisy A. Putritamara, Kiki T.N. Siregar and Dede Aprylasari, “Social Capital of Beef Cattle Farmers in Sumberwaru Village at Baluran National Park, Situbondo, Indonesia ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.603-606 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5939
Download PDF
Diversity of Informal Housing in Bangkok and Ho Chi Minh City
Le Thi Thu Huong, Le Thi Kieu – September 2021 – Page No.: 607-617
Industrialization and economic growth in Bangkok and Ho Chi Minh City have attracted many rural-to-urban migrants to these cities in the last decades. Consequently, the housing shortage has become one of the most critical issues in both cities, where many low-income migrants live in spontaneously developed areas with limited infrastructure and housing conditions. Through three case studies in each city, this study aims to reflect the diversity in types and qualities of informal housing in both cities at present. The case studies are selected based on the varieties in location, scale, and settlement characteristics, including the built environment, neighborhood facilities, and transportation system. Data and information are collected through site observation, photo-taking, quick interviews, and secondary sources. The findings show diversity in informal housing types such as temporary houses, old condominiums, container houses, and the like. These accommodations have limited living conditions such as inadequate spaces, poor facilities, unhealthy environment, and low safety. Even though this housing issue is not new in developing countries, the existence of this issue still raises a concern about housing for migrants in an urbanization context as it keeps challenging sustainability and inclusivity as the common objectives for housing development recently.
Page(s): 607-617 Date of Publication: 14 October 2021
Le Thi Thu Huong1
Montfort del Rosario School of Architecture and Design, Assumption University, Thailand; and Vietnamese-German University, Vietnam
Le Thi Kieu
Institute of Constructive Design and Building Construction, Germany
[1] Sheng, Y.K., Leeruttanawisut, K.: Informal Settlements in Bangkok: Origins, Features, Growth and Prospects. In: Public Goods versus Economic Interests. ROUTLEDGE (2017).
[2] Huynh, D.: The misuse of urban planning in Ho Chi Minh City. Habitat International. 48, 11–19 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.03.007.
[3] United Nations: Glossary of Environment Statistics, Studies in Methods, Series F, (1997).
[4] Ali, S.: Environmental situation of slums in India. Uppal Pub. House, New Delhi (2003).
[5] Nangia, S., Thorat, S.: Slum in a metropolis: the living environment. Shipra Publications, Delhi (2000).
[6] Ishtiyaq, M., Kumar, S.: Typology of Informal Settlements and Distribution of Slums in the NCT of Delhi. India Journal. 7, (2010).
[7] World Health Organization: Environmental Health Indicators: Framework and Methodologies. Protection of the Human Environment Occupational and Environmental Health Series, (1999).
[8] Bhatkal, T., Lucci, P.: Community-driven Development in the Slums: Thailand’s Experience. Overseas Development Institute (2015).
[9] Ferguson, B.: The environmental impacts and public costs of unguided informal settlement; the case of Montego Bay. Environment and Urbanization. 8, 171–194 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1177/095624789600800218.
[10] Greene, M.: Literature Review: Main Policy and Programmatic Approaches for Slum Upgrading. (2010).
[11] Corburn, J., Sverdlik, A.: Urban Informal Settlement Upgrading and Health Equity. In: Slum Health. pp. 80–99. University of California Press (2016).
[12] Buckley, R.M., Kalarickal, J. eds: Thirty years of World Bank shelter lending: what have we learned? World Bank, Washington, DC (2006).
[13] Khalifa, M.A.: Evolution of informal settlements upgrading strategies in Egypt: From negligence to participatory development. Ain Shams Engineering Journal. 6, 1151–1159 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2015.04.008.
[14] Yap, K.S., De Wandeler, K.: Self-help housing in Bangkok. Habitat International. 34, 332–341 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2009.11.006.
[15] Boonyabancha, S.: Land for housing the poor — by the poor: experiences from the Baan Mankong nationwide slum upgrading programme in Thailand. Environment and Urbanization. 21, 309–329 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247809342180.
[16] Le, D.A., Legrand, B., Lint, J.V.: Tan Hoa Lo Gom – Building a new life. Presented at the 43rd ISOCARP Congress (2007).
[17] BTC: Unexpected social impact of an infrastructure project. (2014).
[18] Japan International Cooperation Agency, International Development Center of Japan, Pacet Corporation: Data collection survey on housing sector in Thailand. National Housing Authority (2013).
[19] Prime Minister: Decree No. 100/2015/ND-CP on Development and Management of Social Housing, (2015).
[20] Thailand Board of Investment: Cost of Doing Business in Thailand.
Le Thi Thu Huong, Le Thi Kieu “Diversity of Informal Housing in Bangkok and Ho Chi Minh City” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.607-617 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5940
Download PDF
Implications of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) on Good Governance among African Union (AU) Member States (TETFUND SPONSORED)
Uhumwangho Patrick Nehikhare and Osuinde Jacob Osezua – September 2021 – Page No.: 618-626
This study investigated the implications of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) on democracy and good governance in Africa. It was predicated on the assumption that good governance can be deliberately pursued and consciously nurtured to foster peace, progress and development among African Union (AU) member states. Three research questions were raised to guide the study which relied on both primary and secondary sources of data. A Focus Group Interview Questionnaire was designed. Eleven (11) countries were purposively and randomly selected for the study which fielded twenty four (24) respondents. The findings revealed the following: member states had good understanding of key indices upon which good governance could be identified, measured and/or benchmarked, that there was a prevalence of many democratic structures and institutions in member states with varying degrees of efficiency and effectiveness in performance and that while the present democratic attainment in member states cannot per se be linked to accession to the APRM, tangential benefits from same cannot be denied. Consequently, the study recommended that the formal structures of the APRM should be revised and a realistic time-frame be set for achieving different stages and processes of the review mechanism. Also, access to press freedom, justice and independence of the judiciary should be deeply entrenched as part of the democratic practice and culture of African states. The active participation of civil society and other non-state actors in the review process was also highlighted. A paradigm shift was also suggested to ensure that processes of the APRM actually change perceptions and build consensus around solutions. Lastly, African leaders were advised to compliment their verbal commitments to democracy and good governance with a strong political will to enforce Country Review Reports. The implementation of these recommendations will redirect the APRM process towards actualizing good governance, sustainable development and regional economic integration of African States.
Page(s): 618-626 Date of Publication: 15 October 2021
Uhumwangho Patrick Nehikhare
Department of Political Science, College of Education, Igueben, Nigeria
Osuinde Jacob Osezua
Department of Political Science, College of Education, Igueben, Nigeria
[1] Aborisade, S.(20I5), ‘APRM Rates Jonathan Administration Low’, Punch, I6th May,20I5.
[2] Anyang ’Nyong’O.P, Ghimazion, A., Lamba, D.,(ed), (2002), NEPAD:A New Path? Heinrich Boll Foundation, Nairobi. p.32
[3] APRM Secretariat, (2004), ‘Country Self-Assessment for the APRM’, Midrand, South Africa.
[4] APRM Secretariat, (2003), ‘APRM Questionnaire General Guidance’, Midrand, S/Africa
[5] APRM Secretariat, (2003), ‘Guidelines for countries to prepare for and to participate in the Africa Peer Review Mechanism’, article 36, pp 11-12.
[6] APRM Secretariat, (2003), ‘Objectives, Standards and Criteria Indicators for the APRM ’, Midrand, S/Africa.
[7] APRM Secretariat,(2003), ‘African Peer Review Organisation Processes’. Midrand, S/Africa.
[8] APRM. (2009b) Federal Republic of Nigeria, Country Review Report No 11.
[9] Asante, S.K.B (2014) The African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM): A Decade of Ghana’s Experience being Public Lecture at the South African Institute of International Affairs, Republic of South Africa.
[10] Azelama,J.U.,(2000), An Introduction to Comparative Public Administration, Benin City: Ambik Press. pp.30.
[11] Black J. & Champion, D.,(1976), ‘Methods and Issues in Social Science Research’, New York: John Wiley and Sons.
[12] Country Review Report (CRR) of the Republic of Ghana (20015_ page 30 para 2.
[13] Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit(GTZ), (2007) ‘The APRM Journey So Far’ prepared for the conference “Africa’s Bold March to Capture the 21st century – ‘The Role of the APRM, Accra, Ghana, 8-10 May p. 9
[14] Dougherty, E.J. & Pfaltzgraff, J.R.(1990), Contending Theories of International Relations: A Comprehensive Survey. New York: Harper Collins Publishers Inc. p.24.
[15] Greve, R (1980) Sub-saharan Political and Economic Structures and the NIEO, in the
[16] Lozoya, J and Cuadra H. (ed) Africa, the middle East and the New International Economic Order, USA: Pergamon policy Studies pp 24-27.
[17] Grieco, (1997),Realist International Theory and the Study of World Politics. in New Thinking in International Relations Theory, Michael D. and G. J. Ikenberry (ed.) Boulder, C.O.; Westview Press
[18] Holsti, K.J.( 1992), International Politics: A Framework for Analysis, New Jersey, Prentice Hall Inc. pp.48-66,381-383.
[19] Ihonvbere, J. (2000). Towards a new constitutionalism in Africa—————-
[20] Independent National Electoral Commission, (2015) @http://www.inecnigeria.org/?page_id=31 retrieved on15th October,2015.
[21] Kabongo, I (1986) ‘Democracy in Africa: Hopes and Prospects in Roueu, D.(ed) Democracy and Pluralism in Africa, Boulder (1986) p.35
[22] Mangu A.M. (2007 Assessing the Effectiveness of the APRM and its impact on the promotion of Democracy and good political Governance. African Human Right Law Journal vol. 7 No. 2.
[23] Mangu, A.M. (2002) The Road to Constitutionalism in Post Colonial Africa. Cited in
[24] Mangu, A.M. (2007) Assessing the Effectiveness of the APRM and its impact on the Promotion of Democracy and good political governance in African Union Member States being Inaugural Lecture delivered at the University of South Africa (UNISA), Pretoria 28th June.
[25] MOU of APRM (2003): NEPAD/ Head of State and Government Implementing Committee Memorandum on the African Peer Review Mechanism
[26] Mundt, Robert J. & Aborisade, Oladimeji, (2004), ‘Politics in Nigeria’ in Almond, G.A., Powell, G. B.(Jnr.), Strom Kaare & Dalton ,J. Russell (ed), ‘Comparative Politics Today: A World View’, California, Pearson Education, Inc. pp.690-741. .
[27] Non State Actors (NSA, 2019); http://www.escr-net.org>resoruce. Accessed 4/05/2021.
[28] Ojo, S.O. (2018). “Reinventing Politics and Governance in Nigeria: Matters Miscellaneous”. Faculty of Social Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. Seminar Series No. 3:23-24
[29] Taylor B. (2010) ‘Reviewing Africa’s Peer Review Mechanism: A Seven Country Survey,(Editor)’, Canada, Partnership Africa Publishers.
[30] Umozurike, U.O.(2007), ‘Introduction to International Law’, Ibadan, Spectrum Books Limited.
[31] United Nations Development Programme (1997), ‘Reconceptualising Governance: A policy paper on Governance and how it relates to Human Development’ Retrieved on 15/10/2013.
[32] United Nations Development Programme (2003), ‘Essentials’ NO.14 retrieveon15/10/20(http://hdrstats.undp.org/countries/countryfactsheets/ctyfsNGA.htm. – retrieved De c. 8, 2014.
[33] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2008). ‘Human Development Report 2007/2008- Country Fact Sheets-Nigeria’
[34] United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (2003), ‘Report’ p.9-io.
[35] United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) Report (2003) p.9-10.
[36] Wikipedia.org.wiki/Nigeria_geni retrieved 10/6/2017.
[37] Wikipedia.org/wiki/South Africa retrieved I0/06/2017 www.gov.za/South Africa Government retrieved on 10/6/20I7
Uhumwangho Patrick Nehikhare and Osuinde Jacob Osezua, “Implications of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) on Good Governance among African Union (AU) Member States (TETFUND SPONSORED)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.618-626 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/618-626.pdf
Download PDF
Learning Infrastructure and Delivery of Education: A Case of Zambia’s Private Teachers’ Training Colleges
Lewis Bwalya Chilufya, Rosemary Muma Mulenga, Allen Ngoma – September 2021 – Page No.: 627-632
This article is based on a study that investigated the impact of infrastructure on the delivery of quality education in teachers training colleges in Zambia, particularly Lusaka district. The study had been guided by three objectives: (i) to investigate the state of infrastructure in selected private teacher training colleges in Lusaka, (ii) to identify the sources of funding for infrastructure development in selected private colleges in Lusaka, and (iii) to assess the extent to which the infrastructure of private teaching colleges influences quality academic environment. Largely, the study sought to ascertain whether the state of infrastructure and the learning environment in private teacher training colleges is supporting the provision of quality education. The study design which was used was Convergent Parallel Design (CPD) which led to collection and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data. On the basis of the collected data, reviewed literature, and their analysis, this article has established that the state of private teachers training Colleges in Lusaka is not good, which entails that quality service delivery has been compromised. It thus recommended that Government should introduce a policy where private Colleges pay less tax on imported materials that are meant to improve on the learning infrastructure and standards in the country.
Page(s): 627-632 Date of Publication: 15 October 2021
Lewis Bwalya Chilufya
Religious Studies Education, Kwame Nkrumah University
Rosemary Muma Mulenga
Religious Studies Education, Kwame Nkrumah University
Allen Ngoma
Religious Studies Education, Kwame Nkrumah University
[1] Booth, S. (1997). Phenomenology, Learning and Teaching. Journal of Higher Education and Research Development. Vol.1.135-15.
[2] Bray, M, Clarke, P, and Stephens, D. (2002). Education and society in Africa. Braamfontein
[3] Crampton, F. E. (2009). Spending on school infrastructure: Does Money Matter? Journal of Educational Administration, 47(3), 305-322.
[4] Dudek, M. (2000).Architecture of Schools: The New Learning Environments, Oxford: Architectural Press.
[5] Errol, D., Helen, H., Lawrence, I. and Clara, W. (2006). Teachers’ Attitudes toward Students with Disabilities in Haiti, International Journal of Special Education Vol 21 no.32.
[6] Herzberg, F. (2007). The Motivation to Work. New York: Wiley House International, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 9- 6.
[7] Higher Education Act of 2013. https://www.parliament.gov.zm/accesed on May 13, 2021.
[8] Marlon, F. and S. Booth (2007). .Learning UNCI Awareness. New Jersey. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwali.
[9] Ministryof Education, 2000.https://www.moge.gov.zm/accessedon May13, 2021.
[10] Mudenda, E (2018). Providing Education in Clean Environments.Zambia Daily. www.dailymail.co.zm/Accessed on July 3,2021.
[11] Ochiko, Francis (2020).Teachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education in selected public primary schools in Teso South Sub-County, Busia County, Kenya. http://ir.mu.ac.ke:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/3609/ Accessed on August 20, 2021.
[12] OSISA Zambia (2013).The Status of Education In Zambia Report..http://www.betuz.org.zm/Acessed on August 19, 2021.
[13] Smith, B.O. (1997). Fundamentals of Curriculum Development. New York: World Bank Company.
[14] Stephens, L. J., and Schaben L. A. (2002). The Effect of Interscholastic Sports Participation on Academic Achievement of Middle Level School Students. ERIC.NASSP Bulletin, v86 n. 630, 34-41.
[15] Teaching Council of Zambia Guidelines, Act No .5,2013,Laws of Zambia
[16] Teixeira, J., Amiroso, J. and Gresham J. (2017). Why Education Infrastructure Matters for Learning. blogs.woldbank.org/education/Accessed on February 1,2021.
[17] Times of Zambia (2018). https://www.times.co.zm/ Accessed on June 12, 2021.
[18] Zambia Daily Mail (2018). http://www.daily-mail.co.zm/ Accessed on June 12, 2021.
[19] What is Quality Education? https://palnetwork.org/Accessed on September 25, 2021.
Lewis Bwalya Chilufya, Rosemary Muma Mulenga, Allen Ngoma, “Learning Infrastructure and Delivery of Education: A Case of Zambia’s Private Teachers’ Training Colleges ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.627-632 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/627-632.pdf
Download PDF
An Analysis of the Factors Affecting Academic Performance of Undergraduate Students
Nasrin Islam, Md. Ahad Hossen, Purba Saha – September 2021 – Page No.: 633-638
The aim of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the academic performance of undergraduate students. Work in this area has the potential to provide important suggestions to improve the standard and quality of education and performance of students studying at Varendra University as well as other similar institutions. Primary data was collected from 299 undergraduate students (4th to 12th semester) through a well-defined questionnaire using a simple random sample technique and followed a face to face interview method. The data was collected for the Fall-2019 semester when the total population was 2800. Then the raw data was organized using Microsoft Excel. Afterward, the data were analyzed in STATA 14.2. Pearson Correlation Coefficient test was done to observe the strength of the relationship among variables. Through a one-way ANOVA test factors such as class lecture understanding level of students, active participation in a university program, attentiveness, HSC grade, sharing the result with parents found significant. Though the result of this study is based on a particular private institution the findings can be useful when comparing the results of a similar entity. The findings of the study would help students to understand their strengths and weakness and act properly for better academic achievement. Also, the authority will be conscious when implementing policy toward ensuring better academic performance.
Page(s): 633-638 Date of Publication: 15 October 2021
Nasrin Islam
Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Md. Ahad Hossen
Department of Economics, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Purba Saha
Department of Economics, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
[1] Ali, S. Haider, J. Munir, F. Khan, H. and Ahmed, A. (2013). “Factors Contributing to the Students Academic Performance: A Case Study of Islamia University Sub Campus”. American Journal of Educational Research. 1(8), 283-289.
[2] Alam, M.M. Billah, A. M. & Alam, M.S (2014). “Factors affecting academic performance of undergraduate students at IIUC, Bangladesh.” Journal of Education and Practice. Vol.5, No.39.
[3] Ahmmed, M. M. & Salim, Z.R. (2018). “Determinants of Academic Performance of Undergraduate Students in Private Universities in Bangladesh: A Case Study.” Global Journal of Human-social Science. 18 (11).
[4] Considine, G. & Zappala, G. (2002). “Influence of social and economic disadvantage in the academic performance of school students in Australia”. Journal of Sociology. 38, 129-148.
[5] Graetz, B. (1995). “Socio economic Status in Education Research and Policy”. Socio-economic Status and School Education. 3(4), 25-30.
[6] Guimares J. and Sampaio, B. (2011). “Education Economics, Family background and students achievement on a university entrance exam in Brazil”. Education Economics. 1, 38-59.
[7] Hansen, Joe B. (2000). “Student Performance and Student Growth as measure of success: A evaluator’s perspective”. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association.
[8] http://www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/ (2018). 126 (5).
[9] Kingdon, G. G. (2006). “Teacher characteristics and student performance in India: A pupil fixed effects approach”. Global Poverty Research Group. GPRG-WPS-059.
[10] Lotsi, A. (2019). Statistical analysis of factors affecting grade point average of level 100 students: A case study of University of Ghana Legon Campus. Journal of Mathematics Education. 4(2), 87-96.
Nasrin Islam, Md. Ahad Hossen, Purba Saha “An Analysis of the Factors Affecting Academic Performance of Undergraduate Students” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.633-638 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/633-638.pdf
Download PDF
Twitter and Muhammadiyah Response in Overcoming Covid-19 Outbreak in Indonesia
Aji Deni – September 2021 – Page No.: 639-653
Muhammadiyah as one of the largest religious Islamic organizations in Indonesia who have the most health and education business and spread in various regions of Indonesia. This article aims to analyze the responsiveness of Muhammadiyah in the face of the Pandemic Coronavirus outbreak (Covid-19). This article uses qualitative analysis of social media. NVivo 12 Plus Software was utilized for data analysis. The ncapture feature was used to explore Twitter’s accounts, @muhammadiyah, @PPAisyiyah, @ppnasyiah, @mucovid19, @mpkuppmuh, @lazismu, @majalahSM, @TVMuhammadiyah, @diktilitbang. The analysis of Muhammadiyah’s responsiveness through multiple Twitter accounts is one form of infomedic with the presentation of accurate and varied information. Analysis results showed that the dissemination of information on Muhammadiyah’s responsiveness through Twitter accounts illustrates more integrated responsiveness in the form of information dissemination through Muhammadiyah TV, the Muhammadiyah Sound magazine, an integrated plague management through the Muhammadiyah Covid-19 Command Center, the patient’s health service policy through several Muhammadiyah hospitals, aid and donations, prevention and health education campaigns through PP Muhammadiyah, PP Aisyiyah, PP Nasyiatul to various regions in Indonesia.
Page(s): 639-653 Date of Publication: 15 October 2021
Aji Deni
Lecturer of Political Science Of University Muhammadiyah North Maluku Indonesian
Albalawi, Yousef and Jane Sixsmith, 2015. Identifying Twitter in Fl Uencer pro Fi Les for Health Promotion in Saudi Arabia, Health Promotion International, 1–8
[2] Alma, Niki, Febriana Fauzi, and Ayub, Fikih Informasi: Muhammadiyah’s Perspective on Guidance in Using Social Media1, Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 9, no. 2 (2019): 267–93
[3] Astuti, H. J., & Nagase, K. (2016). A framework for conceptualizing patient loyalty to healthcare organizations. Health Services Management Research, 29(3), 70–78.
[4] Atherton, H., Fleming, J., Williams, V., & Powell, J. (2019). Online Patient Feedback: A Cross-Sectional Survey of The Attitudes and Experiences of United Kingdom Health Care Professionals. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, Vol. 24(4) 235–244
[5] Balakrishnan, K., Schechtman, S., Hogikyan, N. D., Teoh, A. Y. B., McGrath, B., & Brenner, M. J. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic: What Every Otolaryngologist–Head and Neck Surgeon Needs to Know for Safe Airway Management. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology– Head and Neck Surgery, 1–5
[6] Boylan, Anne-marie, Veronika Williams, and John Powell, (2019). Online Patient Feedback : A Scoping Review and Stakeholder Consultation to Guide Health Policy, Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 0(0) 1–8
[7] Brandão, C. P. Bazeley And K. Jackson, (2013). Qualitative Data Analysis With Nvivo. London: Sage.
[8] Bruns, D.P., Kraguljac, N.V., & Bruns, T.R. (2020). COVID-19: Facts, Cultural Considerations, and Risk of Stigmatization, Journal of Transcultural Nursing,1–7
[9] Budhwani, Henna and Ruoyan Sun, (2020). Referencing the Novel Coronavirus as the ‘Chinese Virus’ or ‘China Virus’ on Twitter: COVID-19 Stigma (Preprint), Journal of Medical Internet Research 22: 1–7
[10] Bush, Robin, 2015. Muhammadiyah and Disaster Response : Innovation and Change in Humanitarian Assistance, in C. Brassard et al. (eds.), 2015. Natural Disaster Management in the Asia-Pacific: Policy and Governance, Disaster Risk Reduction, Japan: Springer
[11] Connett, Deborah Finfgeld, Twitter and Health Science Research, 2014, Western Journal of Nursing Research, 1 –15
[12] Efendi, D., Agustiyara, & Putra, H. A. (2019). Natural Disasters Management and the Challenge of Governability in Indonesia. Indian Journal of Public Administration, 1–19
[13] Djalante, R., Lassa, J., Setiamarga, D., Mahfud, C., Sudjatma, A., Indrawan, M., … Surtiari, I. G. A. (2020). Review and analysis of current responses to COVID-19 in Indonesia: Period of January to March 2020, Progress in Disaster Science, 6
[14] Djasri, H., (2020). Corona Virus dan Manajemen Mutu Pelayanan Klinis di Rumah Sakit, Journal of Hospital Accreditation, Vol 02, Edisi 1: 1-2
[15] Evans, A., Jane T., and Scottt T., (2011). Twitter as a Public Relations Tool, Public Relations Journal, Vol. 5, 1–20.
[16] Fauzia, A., (2017). Penolong Kesengsaraan Umum: The Charitable Activism of Muhammadiyah During The Colonial Period, South East Asia Research, Vol. 25(4) 379–394,
[17] Grint, K., (2020). Leadership, Management and Command in the Time of the Coronavirus, Leadership, 0(0) 1–6
[18] Gurses, A.P., Megan M.T., Sharon Mc.M., Amyna H., Barry S.S., Kylee A.G., & Julia M.K., (2020). Overcoming COVID-19 : What Can Human Factors and Ergonomics Offer ? Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management 0(0) 1–6
[19] Hartley, D. M., Reisinger, H. S., & Perencevich, E. N. (2020). When infection prevention enters the temple: Intergenerational social distancing and COVID-19. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 1–3
[20] Jacobs, K., Linn S., and Niels S., (2020). Twitter and Facebook : Populists ’ Double- Barreled Gun ? New Media & Society, Vol. 22(4) 611–633
[21] James, J.J., (2020a). COVID-19: From Epidemic to Pandemic, Editorial, Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, April 2020 , pp. 1-5
[22] James, J.J., (2020b). Public Health and COVID-19: From Response to Recovery, Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, April 2020 , pp. 1-5
[23] Kaya, M., and Reda A., Editors. 2019. Influence and Behavior Analysis in Social Networks and Social Media, Switzerland: Springer
[24] Kouzy R., Abi J., Kraitem A., El Alam, Karam B., Adib E., Zarka J., Traboulsi, Akl EW, Baddour K. (2020). Coronavirus Goes Viral: Quantifying the COVID-19 Misinformation Epidemic on Twitter, Cureus, 12 (3)
[25] Kumar, S., Fred M., Huan L. (auth.), 2014. Analyzing Twitter Data. New York: Springer-Verlaag
[26] Latief, H. (2010). Health Provision for the Poor Islamic Aid and the Rise of Charitable Clinics in Indonesia. South East Asia Research, 18(3), 503–553.
[27] Limaye, R. J., Sauer, M., Ali, J., Bernstein, J., Wahl, B., Barnhill, A., & Labrique, A. (2020). Building trust while influencing online COVID-19 content in the social media world. The Lancet Digital Health.No. 20–20
[28] Masaharu, Tsubokura, , Onoue, Y., Torii, H. A., Suda, S., Mori, K., Nishikawa, Y., … Uno, K. (2018). Twitter Use in Scientific Communication Revealed by Visualization of Information Spreading by Influencers Within Half A Year After The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident. PLOS ONE, 13(9)
[29] Merchant, R. M., & Lurie, N. (2020). Social Media and Emergency Preparedness in Response to Novel Coronavirus. JAMA. Published online March 23.
[30] Merchant, R. M. (2020). Evaluating the Potential Role of Social Media in Preventive Health Care. JAMA, 323(5):411-412
[31] Mills, D,J., Sarah E.K., (2016). Twitter for Travel Medicine Providers. Review, Journal of Travel Medicine, 1–6
[32] Muniz-Rodriguez, Kamalich, Sylvia K. Ofori, Lauren C. Bayliss, Jessica S. Schwind, Kadiatou Diallo, Manyun Liu, Jingjing Yin, Gerardo Chowell, Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, (2020). Social Media Use in Emergency Response to Natural Disasters: A Systematic Review With a Public Health Perspective, Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, Volume 14: 139-149
[33] Nashir, Haedar (2015). Muhammadiyah A Reform Movement, Yogyakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press
[34] Nashir, Haedar, (2015). Understanding The Ideology of Muhammadiyah, Yogyakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press
[35] Nuraini, N., K., Khairudin, M., Apri, (2020). Modeling Simulation of COVID-19 in Indonesia based on Early Endemic Data, COMMUN. BIOMATH. SCI., VOL. 3, NO. 1, PP. 1-8
[36] O’Connor, Siobhan, and Aisha Holloway, 2019. Social Media in Nursing and Health Policy: A Commentary, Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 0(0) 1–3
[37] Oborn, E and S K Barrett, 2016. Digital Health and Citizen Engagement : Changing the Face of Health Service Delivery, Health Services Management Research, 16–20
[38] Park, H., Reber, B. H., & Chon, M.-G. (2015). Tweeting as Health Communication: Health Organizations’ Use of Twitter for Health Promotion and Public Engagement. Journal of Health Communication, 21(2), 188–198.
[39] Pershad, Y., P.T. Hangge, H. Albadawi, and R. Okluet, 2018. Social Medicine : Twitter in Healthcare, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 7:121
[40] Peters, A et al., 2020. Understanding the Emerging Coronavirus : What It Means for Health Security and Infection Prevention, Journal of Hospital Infection 104, no. 4: 440–48
[41] Pulido, C. M., Villarejo-Carballido, B., Redondo-Sama, G., & Gómez, A., 2020. COVID-19 Infodemic: More Retweets For Science-Based Information on Coronavirus Than For False Information. International Sociology, 1-16
[42] Rufai, Sohaib R., and Catey Bunce, 2020. World Leaders’ Usage of Twitter in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Content Analysis, Journal of Public Health :pp. 1–7
[43] Rodriguez, Kamalich Muniz, Sylvia K. Ofori, Lauren C. Bayliss, and Jessica S. Schwind, Kadiatou Diallo, Manyun Liu, Jingjing Yin, Gerardo Chowell, Isaac Chun-Hai Fung, 2020. Social Media Use in Emergency Response to Natural Disasters: A Systematic Review With a Public Health Perspective, Disaster Med Public Health Prep, 14(1) 3
[44] Rosenberg, H., Syed, S., & Rezaie, S. (2020). The Twitter Pandemic: The Critical Role of Twitter in The Dissemination of Medical Information and Misinformation During The COVID-19 Pandemic. Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine, 1–7.
[45] Ryan, B. J., Coppola, D., Canyon, D. V., Brickhouse, M., & Swienton, R. (2020). COVID-19 Community Stabilization and Sustainability Framework: An Integration of the Maslow Hierarchy of Needs and Social Determinants of Health. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 1–16.
[46] Sciortino, R., Ridarineni, N., & Marjadi, B. (2010). Caught Between Social and Market Considerations: A Case Study of Muhammadiyah Charitable Health Services. Reproductive Health Matters, 18(36), 25–34.
[47] Shen, K., Yang, Y., Wang, T., Zhao, D., … Jiang, Y. (2020). Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection in Children: Experts’ Consensus Statement. World Journal of Pediatrics.
[48] Shokheh, Mukhamad, Mansoureh Ebrahimi & Kamaruzaman Yusoff, (2018). From Islamic Teaching to Social Charity: The Muhammadiyah Movement in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia; 1926-1940, Asian Culture and History; Vol. 10, No. 2
[49] Vasconcelos Silva, C., Jayasinghe, D., & Janda, M. (2020). What Can Twitter Tell Us about Skin Cancer Communication and Prevention on Social Media? Dermatology, 1–9.
[50] Sinnenberg, L., Buttenheim, A. M., Padrez, K., Mancheno, C., Ungar, L., & Merchant, R. M. (2017). Twitter as a Tool for Health Research: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Public Health, 107(1), e1–e8.
[51] Sloan, L., Jessop, C., Al Baghal, T., & Williams, M. (2019). Linking Survey and Twitter Data: Informed Consent, Disclosure, Security, and Archiving. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 1–14
[52] Stevens, M. P., Doll, M., Pryor, R., Godbout, E., Cooper, K., & Bearman, G. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on Traditional Healthcare Associated Infection Prevention Efforts. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 1–6.
[53] Sukmana, M., M., Aminuddin, D. Nopriyanto, (2020). Indonesian Government Response In COVID-19 Disaster Prevention, East African Scholars Journal of Medical Science, 3 (3), 81-86
[54] Telaumbanua, D., (2020). Urgensi Pembentukan Aturan Terkait Pencegahan Covid-19 di Indonesia, Qalamuna-Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama, Vol. 12 No. 1
[55] Thienemann, Friedrich, Fausto Pinto, Diederick E. Grobbee, Michael Boehm, Nooshin Bazargani, Junbo Ge, and Karen Sliwa, (2019). World Heart Federation Briefing on Prevention: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Low-Income Countries, Global Heart. 15(1): 31.
[56] Torales, Julio, Marcelo O’Higgins, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, and Antonio Ventriglio, (2020). The Outbreak of COVID-19 Coronavirus and Its Impact on Global Mental Health, International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 1–4
[57] Woolf, Nicholas H. and Christina Silver (2017). Qualitative Analysis Using NVivo: The Five- Level QDA ® Method. London: Routledge
[58] Yunus, N.R., A. Rezki, (2020). Kebijakan Pemberlakuan Lockdown Sebagai Antisipasi Penyebaran Corona Virus Covid-19, SALAM; Jurnal Sosial & Budaya Syar-i, Vol. 7 No. 3 (2020), pp.227-238
[59] Zhang, A. J., Albrecht, L., & Scott, S. D. (2018). Using Twitter for Data Collection With Health-Care Consumers. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, Volume 17: 1–13
Aji Deni, “Twitter and Muhammadiyah Response in Overcoming Covid-19 Outbreak in Indonesia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.639-653 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/639-653.pdf
Download PDF
Health Spending, Democracy and Child Mortality in Developing Countries
Mongbet Zounkifirou, TOURERE Zenabou, Poutouochi Mongapna Arouna – September 2021 – Page No.: 654-661
This paper assesses the impact of health spending on child mortality in the developing countries, taking into account the role of democracy. We use the two-stage dynamic panel generalized method of moments. Our sample covers 126 countries over the period 1995-2017. Our main results show that health expenditure is negatively and significantly associated with child mortality. However, when we take into account democracy, regionalization and the income level, we find that, health expenditure has a negative and significant effect on child mortality only in the upper-middle-income countries and Sub-saharan Africa. Elsewhere, it is in the countries of Eurasia, North Africa, and Latin America that a significant reduction in the child mortality rate takes place in the presence of democratic institutions; to this must be added the least developed countries. For example, respect for civil liberties, control of government by a democratically elected parliament, combined with spending on health care, contribute to a significant decrease in child mortality. The results of this study are an important issue for policymakers, providing them with a kind of theoretical and empirical argument presenting health expenditure as a major determinant in public health policy. Thus, in their fight against child mortality, it is in the interest of governments in developing countries to improve not only the quality of their health spending but also, and above all, their institutional framework, especially democratic governance.
Page(s): 654-661 Date of Publication: 16 October 2021
Mongbet Zounkifirou
Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Economics and Management/University of Yaoundé II, Cameroon
TOURERE Zenabou
Lecturer & Researcher / University of Douala (Cameroon)
Poutouochi Mongapna Arouna
Researcher Assistant/ Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation / National Centre for Education (Cameroon)
[1] Arellano, M., et Bond, S. Some test of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equation.
Review of Economic Studies, 1991; 58, 277–2997.
[2] Arrelano, M. et Bover, O. Another look at the instrumental variables estimation of error components models. Journal of Econometrics, 1995; 68, 29-51.
[3] Baldacci, E., Hillman, A. L., et Kojo, N. C. Growth, governance, and fiscal policy transmission channels in low-income countries. European Journal of Political Economy, 2004; 20(3), 517–549.
[4] Berger, M. C., et Messer, J. Public financing of health expenditures, insurance, and health outcomes. Applied Economics, 2002; 34(17), 2105–2114.
[5] Berthelemy, J.-C. et Seban, J. (2009). Dépenses de santé et équité dans l’accès aux services de santé dans les pays en développement. Revue d’Économie du Développement, 2009; 23(1), 33–71.
[6] Blundell, R., Bond, S. Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 1998; 87, 115-143.
[7] Bokhari, F. A. S., Gai, Y. et Gottret, P. Government health expenditures and health outcomes. Health Economics, 2007; vol. 16, no. 3,pp. 257-273.
[8] Claudia R. Williamson. ‘’ Foreign Aid and Human Development: The Impact of Foreign Aid to the Health Sector’’. Southern Economic Journal. 2008; 75(1): 188-207.
[9] Culter, D., et al. The determinants of mortality. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2006; 20(3), 97 120.
[10] Dhrifi, A. Public Health Expenditure and Child Mortality: Does Institutional Quality Matter? J Knowl Econ, 2020; 11, 692–706
[11] Farag, M., NandaKumar, A. K., Wallack, S., Hodgkin, D., Gaumer, G. and Erbil, C. Health expenditures, health outcomes and the role of good governance. International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics, 2013; vol. 13, no 1, pp. 33-52.
[12] Filmer, D., et Pritchett, L. Child mortality and public spending on health: how much does money matter?” mimeo. DRG, Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1997.
[13] Filmer, D. et Pritchett, L. The impact of public spending on health: does money matter? Social Science & Medicine, 1999; 49(10), 1309–1323.
[14] Gupta, H. et Baghel, A. Infant mortality in the Indian slums: case studies of Calcutta metropolis and Raipur city. International Journal of Population Geography, 1999; 5(5), 353–366.
[15] Gwatkin, D. R., Shea, R., Johnson, K., Suliman, E., Wagstaff, A. et Amouzou, A. Socio- economic differences in health, nutrition, and population within developing countries, an overview. Washington DC: Produced by the World Bank in collaboration with the Government of the Netherlands and Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, 2007.
[16] Hallström E., Gee Q., Scarborough P., Cleveland D. A. A healthier US diet could reduce greenhouse gas emissions from both the food and health care systems. Climatic Change, 2017; 1-14.
[17] Harttgen, K. et Misselhorn, M. A mulitlevel approach to explain child mortality and undernutrition in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
[18] Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Papers, September, 2006. University of Göttingen.
[19] Hitiris Theodore (Theo) et Posnett John. The determinants and effects of health expenditure in developed countries. Journal of Health Economics, 1992; 11, (2), 173-181.
[20] Husain, M. J. Contribution of health to economic development: A survey and overview. Economics: The Open Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, 2010; vol. 4, no.1, pp. 1-52.
[21] Khaleghian, P. et Gupta, M. D. Public management and the essential public health functions. World Development, 2005; 33(7), 1083–1099.
[22] Mclntyre, D. et Meheus, F. Fiscal space for domestic funding of health and other social services. Centre on Global Health Security Working Group Papers No. 5, 2014.
[23] Musgrove, P. Public and private roles in health: theory and financing patterns. World Bank Discussion Paper No. 339, 1996. Washington, DC: the World Bank.
[24] Novignon J, Olakojo SA. “The effects of public and private health care expenditure on health status in sub-Saharan Africa: new evidence from panel data analysis”. Health Econ Rev. 2012; 2(1):22.
[25] Novignon1 Jacob et Lawanson Akani. O. Health expenditure and child health outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa. African Review of Economics and Finance, 2017; ISSN 2042-1478; Volume 9; Issue 1.
[26] O’Hare B, Makuta I, Chiwaula L, Bar-Zeev N. Income and child mortality in developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis J R Soc Med, 2013; 106(10):408–14.
[27] Prakash Dev Pant. Effect of education and household characteristics on infant and child mortality in urban Nepal. biosoc. Sci, 1991; 23, 437-44.
[28] Rahman MM, Khanam R. et Rahman M. Health care expenditure and health outcome nexus: new evidence from the SAARC-ASEAN region.Glob Health, 2018; 14(1):113
[29] Rajkumar Andrew .S. et Swaroop Vinaya. Public spending and outcomes: Does governance matter? Journal of Development Economics, 2008; vol. 86, issue 1, 96-111.
[30] Rhee, H.-J. Effects of health care expenditure on the infant mortality rate and life expectancy at birth in Korea. International Journal of Contents, 2012; vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 52-56.
[31] Ruhul Amin. Immunization coverage and child mortality in two rural districts of Sierra Leone. Research note, Soc. Sci. Med, 1996; Vol.42, No. 11, pp. 1599-1604.
[32] Thornton, J. W. et DeSalle, R. (2002). Gene family phylogenetics: tracing protein evolution on trees. Experientia Supplementum (EXS), 2002; 92, 191–207.
[33] UN Inter-agency group for child mortality estimation Levels and trends in child mortality. 2019.
[34] United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Mortality, 2019; Highlights (ST/ESA/SE
Mongbet Zounkifirou, TOURERE Zenabou, Poutouochi Mongapna Arouna, “Health Spending, Democracy and Child Mortality in Developing Countries” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.654-661 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/654-661.pdf
Download PDF
Oedipus Complex and Spiritual Intelligence: Are Men Less Spiritual than Women? Part I
Tarcisius Mukuka – September 2021 – Page No.: 662-671
This article is part one of two. Its subject matter arose out of reading and research during the Covid-19 pandemic which had a threefold impact on the psychological, social, and spiritual lives of men and women under lockdown conditions. Studies show that men were likely to be more adversely impacted than women on all three accounts. This led this researcher to ask whether men were less spiritually intelligent or adept than women. I initially the research targeted colleagues and their students at tertiary institutions but after a slow uptake, it was extended to friends on Facebook and social media. Using a mixture of purposive sampling and random sampling from social media, the research set out to corroborate or contradict the view that men were less religious or spiritual than women by asking two questions: “Do you agree with the hypothesis that men are less religious or spiritual or that they have less spiritual intelligence than women? What in your own view constitutes spiritual intelligence?” The question in the sub-title, meant existentially or phenomenologically, is deliberately framed in binary terms to elicit debate. This work explains the putative lack of spiritual intelligence in men using Sigmund Freud’s Oedipus complex through an illustration from the Afikpo village-group of Nigeria. Spiritual intelligence is concerned with psycho-social-spiritual dynamics and their relationship to Homo sapiens’ or even Homo religiosus’ existential being-in-the-world leading to self-transcendence. Part I deals with the theoretical issues underpinning and arising out of my research on spiritual intelligence while Part II deals with the results of the research and the ensuing discussion.
Page(s): 662-671 Date of Publication: 16 October 2021
Tarcisius Mukuka
Mulungushi University, Great North Road, P.O. Box 80415 Kabwe 10101, Central Province Zambia
[1] Borovečki-Jakovljev, Sanja and Stanislav Matačić (2003), “The Oedipus Complex in the Contemporary Psychoanalysis,” Collegium Antropologicum 29 (1): 351–360
[2] Bryant, Alyssa N (2007), “Gender differences in spiritual development during the college years,” Sex Roles 56(11‒12): 835–846
[3] Brown, Jodi H and Alan Sugarman (2002), “Oedipus Complex,” in: Encyclopedia of Psychotherapy [Pages 249‒256], https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/oedipus-complex (Accessed on 01.08.2021)
[4] Caldwell, Cam, Charles Goodall and Verl Anderson (2021), “Ethical Foundations of Spiritual Intelligence,’ in Cam Caldwell and Verl Anderson (eds.), Business Ethics: Perspectives, Management and Issues [Chapter Eleven], New York: NOVA Publishing
[5] Coles, Robert (1981), “Freud and God,” The Virginia Quarterly Review: A Journal of Literature & Discussion 57(3): 381‒400
[6] Covey, Stephen R (2004), The 8th Habit: From Effectiveness to Greatness, New York: Simon and Schuster
[7] Day, Abby (2008), “Wilfully Disempowered,” European Journal of Women’s Studies 15(3): 261–276.
[8] Emmons, Robert A (2000a) “Is spirituality an intelligence? Motivation, Cognition, and the psychology of ultimate concern” The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 10 (1): 3‒26
[9] Emmons, Robert A (2000b), “Spirituality and Intelligence: Problems and Prospects,” The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 10(1): 57‒64.
[10] Eliade, Mircea (1958), Birth and Rebirth: The Religious Meanings of Initiation in Human Culture, New York: Harper
[11] Freud, Sigmund (1928), The Future of an Illusion [Translated by W. D. Robson-Scott], New York: H. Liveright [German: 1927, Die Zukunft einer Illusion, Leipzig: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag]
[12] Freud, Sigmund (1930), “Chapter II,” in: Civilization and Its Discontents, Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/questionofgod/ownwords/civ1.html (Accessed on 11.08.2021)
[13] Freud, Sigmund (1933), New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis in J. Strachey et al (Trans.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XXII, London: Hogarth Press
[14] Freud, Sigmund (2009) [1918], Totem and Taboo, New York: Cosmo Classics
[15] Gardner, Howard (1983), Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, New York: Basic Books
[16] Gardner, Howard (2000), “A Case Against Spiritual intelligence,” The International Journal of the Psychology of Religion 10(1): 27‒34
[17] Haghi, Ali (2017), “God and Man in Freudian Psychoanalysis: A Critical Examination of Freud’s The Future of an Illusion,” Religious Inquiries 6(12): 41‒55
[18] Hamer, Dean H (2004), The God Gene: How Faith is Hardwired into Our Genes, New York: Anchor Books
[19] Hasan, Zuhair and Cam Caldwell (2016), “‘Live Your Life in Crescendo.’ Moral Insights for Leaders from Stephen R. Covey,” Graziadio Business Review 19(1), https://gbr.pepperdine.edu/2016/04/live-your-life-in-crescendo/ (Accessed on 24.08.2021)
[20] Helmenstine, Anne Marie (2019), “Null Hypothesis Definition and Examples,” https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-null-hypothesis-and-examples-605436 (Accessed on 15.08.2021)
[21] Li, Shanshan, Olivia I Okereke, Shun-Chiao Chang, Ichiro Kawachi and Tyler J. VanderWeele (2016), “Religious service attendance and lower depression among women ― a prospective cohort study,” Annals of Behavioural Medicine 50(6): 876–884
[22] Jung, Carl Gustav (1915), The Theory of Psychoanalysis, New York: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Company
[23] Kent, Brian (2018), “10 Influential Spiritual Leaders in History,” Top Ten Zilla, https://toptenzilla.com/10-influential-spiritual-leaders-in-history/ (Accessed on 21.08.2021)
[24] King, David B and Teresa L DeCicco (2009), “A Viable Model and Self-Report Measure of Spiritual Intelligence,” International Journal of Transpersonal Studies 28(1): 68‒85
[25] Kowalczyk, Oliwia, Krzysztof Roszkowski, Xavier Montane, Wojciech Pawliszak, Bartosz Tylkowski and Anna Bajek (2020), “Religion and Faith Perception in a Pandemic of COVID‑19,” Journal of Religion and Health 59: 2671–2677
[26] Langton, Daniel R (2008), “Sigmund Freud, Hanns Sachs, and the Apostle to the Gentiles,” Journal of Religion and Society 10: 1‒17
[27] Mahlamäki, Tiina (2012), “Religion and Atheism from a Gender Perspective,” Approaching Religion 2(1): 58‒65
[28] McGinley, Karson (2018), “The correlation between spirituality and happiness,” Chopra, https://chopra.com/articles/the-correlation-between-spirituality-and-happiness (Accessed on 29.08.2021)
[29] McNulty, Charles (2020), “Commentary: President Trump vs. Oedipus Rex: Leaders reveal themselves in times of plague,” Los Angeles Times (26 March 2020), https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/story/2020-03-26/coronavirus-trump-oedipus-rex-plague (Accessed on 02.08.2021)
[30] Mukuka, Tarcisius (2021a), “Patriarchy in Society and Religion: Debunking the Father of the Postmodern Evil Demon,” Munich: GRIN Verlag
[31] Mukuka, Tarcisius (2021b), “Allô Allô Allô Papa Bonheur: True/False Prophet Binarism and Fifty Shades of Grey,” Munich: GRIN Verlag
[32] Mukuka, Tarcisius (2021c), “The End of the World and Science-led Religious Pedagogies: Coronavirus as a Curtain-Raiser for Doomsday,” a Conference Paper presented at the 2021 Virtual Conference, 5‒6 August 2021, Religious Education Lecturers’ Consultancy Group in Conjunction with the Department of Religious Studies, University of Zambia
[33] O’Donnell, Ken (1997), Endoquality: As Dimensões Emotionais e Espirituais do ser Humano nas Organanizões, Salvadore: Casa da Qualidade [English: The Emotional and Spiritual Dimensions of the Human Being in Organizations]
[34] O’Donnell, Ken (2013), “Spirituality in Action,” http://spiritualityinaction.blogspot.com/2013/08/ii-spiritual-intelligence-written-in.html (Accessed on 23.08.2021)
[35] Ottenberg, Simon (1988), “Oedipus, Gender and Social Solidarity: A Case Study of Male Childhood and Initiation,” Ethos 16(3): 326‒352
[36] Payne, Philip B (nd), “Examining the twelve biblical pillars of male hierarchy,” Christians for Biblical Equality, https://www.lifelonglearning.nz/images/Hot-Topics/Women/Philip-Payne-Examining-the-twelve-biblical-pillars-of-male-hierarchy.pdf (Accessed on 27.08.2021)
[37] Pew Research Center (2016), “The gender gap in religion around the world: Women are generally more religious than men, particularly among Christians,” https://www.pewforum.org/2016/03/22/the-gender-gap-in-religion-around-the-world/ (Accessed on 13.08.2021)
[38] Salander, Pär (2012), “The Emperor’s New Clothes: Spirituality A Concept Based on Questionable Ontology and Circular Findings,” Archive for the Psychology of Religion 34: 17‒32
[39] Saleem, M. Qamar, Raminder Singh and Bhagat Singh (2017), “A Study of Spiritual Intelligence of Teacher Educators,” International Journal of Current Multidisciplinary Studies 3(4): 697‒701
[40] Setzer, Claudia (1997), “Excellent Women: Female Witness to the Resurrection,” Journal of Biblical Literature 116(2): 259‒272
[41] Skoll, Godfrey R and Maximiliano E. Korstanje (2012), “Risks, Totems, and Fetishes in Marx and Freud,” Sincronía 62:1‒27
[42] Trzebiatowska, Marta and Christopher R. Cotter (2012), “Why are Women more Religious than Men?” The Religious Studies Project, https://www.religiousstudiesproject.com/podcast/podcast-marta-trzebiatowska-on-why-women-are-more-religion-than-men/ (Accessed on 18.08.2021)
[43] Trzebiatowska, Marta and Steve Bruce (2012), Why are Women more Religious than Men? Oxford: Oxford University Press
[44] Vaughan, Frances (2002), “What is Spiritual Intelligence?” Journal of Humanistic Psychology 42(2): 16‒33
[45] Vibha, Keerti (2011), “A Study of Spiritual Intelligence of the Pre-Service Teachers at the Secondary Stage in Relation to Self Esteem and Emotional Maturity,” Journal on Educational Psychology 5(2): 15‒19
[46] Wigglesworth, Cindy (2012), SQ21: The 21 Skills of Spiritual Intelligence, New York: Select Books
[47] Williams, Duncan (1973), Trousered Apes: Sick Literature in a Sick Society, London: Delta Books
[48] Wilson, John and Nicholas Wilson (1998), “The Subject-Matter of Educational Research,” British Educational Research Journal 24(3): 355‒363
[49] Zohar, Danah (1997), Re-Wiring the Corporate Brain: Using the New Science to Rethink How We Structure and Lead Organizations, San Francisco CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers
[50] Zohar, Danah and Ian Marshall (2000), Spiritual Intelligence: The Ultimate Intelligence, London, Berlin and New York: Bloomsbury
[51] Zohar, Danah (2018), “Spiritual Intelligence: A New Paradigm for Collaborative Action” Systems Thinker, https://thesystemsthinker.com/spiritual-intelligence-a-new-paradigm-for-collaborative-action/ (Accessed on 18.08.2021)
Tarcisius Mukuka, “Oedipus Complex and Spiritual Intelligence: Are Men Less Spiritual than Women? Part I” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.662-671 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/662-671.pdf
Download PDF
Effect of Conflict Management Styles on Employees’ Performance in Selected Institutions of Higher Learning in Adamawa State, Nigeria
Sherifa Saidu – September 2021 – Page No.: 672-678
The study examined the effect of conflict management styles on employees’ performance in selected institution of higher learning in Adamawa State Nigeria. Both the primary and secondary source of data were used for the purpose of this research, primary data were collected using questionnaires convenience sampling technique was applied in selecting the staff of three institution, federal Polytechnic, Adamawa State University and College of Health and Technology Mubi respectively. A sample of 358 questionnaires was administered by the researcher with the help of research assistant. Smart-PLS software was used for the data analysis respectively. The findings of this study have provided the empirical evidence regarding the significance of conflict management style dimensions. The study also show that the most common sources of conflict are needs, roles, pressures, goals, perception and styles, violations of agreement reached between, the government, management and the Unions, and denial of promotion when due. At the end, the study recommends that the management of the institutions should ensure that employees are promoted based on merit and not on sentiments because it will not only encourage the hard working ones but it will also reduce the waves of industrial disputes in the institutions. The management of the institutions and government should also ensure sanctity of all agreements signed with the unions at all times to avoid frictions and industrial crises because it has effect on the image of the institutions and some compelling costs especially on the students and entire community as a whole
Page(s): 672-678 Date of Publication: 16 October 2021
Sherifa Saidu
Department of business Government Science and Technical College Mubi Adamawa State, Nigeria
[1] Adesina.H (2009) Fundamentals of Management, Lagos, Mangrove Books.
[2] Adomi, E.E., &Anie, S.O. (2006).Conflict management in Nigerian university libraries.Library Management, 27(8), pp. 520-530. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. DOI 10.1108/01435120610686098.
[3] Ahmadian.S. (2012). The Effects of Conflict Management Strategies On Job Stress of the StaffS Of Emergencies In Mashhad Hospitals. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business. 4: NO 2.
[4] .Alder B.R (1946). Communicating at Work Principles and Practices for Business and The Profession, 7th Edition.
[5] Almost, J. (2006).Conflict Management in Nursing Work Environment: Concept Analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol. 4 p.421.
[6] Anioke, U. (2002). “Local government & conflict” Journal of Policy & Development Studies, 3(2) 45-47.
[7] .Armstrong, M. (2006). Performance Management: Key Strategies and Practical Guidelines. London and Philadelphia: Kogan Page.
[8] Awan, A.G. and Anjum, K. U. (2015). Cost of high employee‟s turnover rate in oil
industry of Pakistan. Information and Knowledge Management, 5 (2), 92-102.
[9] Azamosa, O. (2004). Industrial Conflict in Nigerian Universities: The Case of the Academic Staff Union of the University Teaching Strike of Dec. 2002 – June 2003. Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Applied Science, Bristol University.
[10] Back, K. and Back, K. (1994). Assertiveness at Work, 2nd Ed. BCA: McGraw-Hill.
[11] Bankovskaya, V. (2012).Development of conflict management strategies to increase effectiveness in Nordic companies.(Unpublished thesis).Erlbaum Associate.
[12] Blake, R. R., &Mooton ,J. S. (1964). ‘The managerial grid.Houston, TX: Culf Publishing.
[13] Brooks, I. (2009), Organizational Behaviour, 4th Ed. UK: Pearson Education Ltd. p.248.
[14] Dana, D. (2000). Conflict resolution. New York: McGraw Hill Professional.
[15] De Church, L. and Marks, K. (2001), Organizational Behaviour, New York: Harper and Row Printing Press.
[16] De Dreu, C. K. W. (1997). Productive Conflict, London: Sage 75.
[17] .Deutsch, M. and Coleman P. T. (2000), Handbook of Conflict Resolution: Theory and Practice, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[18] Ekpu.U.R.(2008). Conflict Management and Resolution.An overview. A paper presented at centre for management development workshop.
[19] Euwema, M.C., Van de Vliert, E. and Bakker, A.B. (2003), “Substantive and relational effectiveness of organizational conflict behaviour”, International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 14 No. 2, pp. 95-116.
[20] Henry, O. (2009). Organisational Conflict and its Effects on Organisational Performance.Research Journal of Business Management, 3: 16-24.DOI:10.3923/rjbm.2009.16.24URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=rjbm.2009.16.24.
[21] Hussain, R.I., and Mujtaba, B.G.(2012). The Relatonship between Work-Life Conflict and Employee Performance: A Study of Natonal Database and Registraton Authority Workers in Pakistan. Journal of Knowledge Management, Economics and InformatonTechnology Issue 6, December, 2012, Scientfc Papers (www.scientfcpapers.org).
[22] Iwok .G,(1995) Managing Grievance in a Conflict Situation , Journal of Management, 2(2), 20-28.
[23] Jones, G. R., & George, J. M. (2008).Contemporary Management.New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.
[24] Kantek, F. and Gezer, N. (2009), Conflict in Schools: Student Nurses’ Conflict Management Styles. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, Vol. 1 p.102.
[25] Likert, R. and Likert, J. G. (1997), New Ways of Managing Conflict, New York: McGraw-Hills.
[26] Otobo, D. (2000) Industrial Relations: Theory and Controversies. Lagos: Malthouse Press Limited.
[27] Pruitt, D. G. (1983).Strategic Choices in Negotiation, Buckingham: Open University Press.
[28] Pruitt, D. G. and Carnevale, P. J. (1993).Negotiation and Social Conflict, Buckingham: Open University Press.
[29] Putnam, L. L. (2006). Definitions and approaches to conflict and communication. In J. G.
Oetzel, & S. Ting-Toomey (Eds.), The Sage handbook of conflict communication:
Integrating theory, research, and practice (pp. 1–32). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[30] Rahim M.A. (2001). Towards a Theory of Managing Organisational Conflict: The International Journal of Conflict Management, 13(3), 206-235.
[31] Rahim, M. A. (2011). Managing conflict in organizations.Third Edition.Transaction Publishers.
[32] Rahim, M.A.(2002). Managing Organizational Conflict.A non-traditional.New York Prentice Hall.
[33] Riaz, M.R &Junaid.F.A. (2011).Types, sources, cost and consequence of workplace conflict.Junaid Asian journal of management research volume 2.www.junaidasian.com.
[34] Ruble, T. L. and Thomas, K. W. (1976), Support for a Two-dimensional Model for Conflict Behaviour, Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance, Vol. 16 p.145.
[35] Swanstom, N. and Weissmann, M. (2005).Conflict, Conflict Prevention, Conflict Management and Beyond, San Francisco: Chandler.
[36] Thomas, K. (1999). Conflict management: a handbook of industrial and organization psychology. www.conflictmanagent.com.
[37] Thomas, K. W. (1976), Conflict and conflict Management, Chicago: Rand
McNally.
[38] Thomas, K. W. (1976). Conflict and conflict Management, Chicago: Rand McNally.
[39] Thomas, K.W. and Kilmann, R.H. (1974).Conflict Mode Instrument, Sterling
Forest, New York.
[40] .Ufok .T. (1987), Management: A Concise Approach, Benin City: Ethiopia Publishers.
[41] Van De Vliert, E. and Kabanoff, B. (1990).Towards a Theory-based Measure of Conflict Management.Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 2p.33.
Sherifa Saidu “Effect of Conflict Management Styles on Employees’ Performance in Selected Institutions of Higher Learning in Adamawa State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.672-678 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/672-678.pdf
Download PDF
A Comparative Analysis of Innovative Automobile Policy on Employment in Nigeria and China
Ademuyiwa A. Lawal – September 2021 – Page No.: 679-686
Understanding the impact of innovative automobile policies in job creation is becoming increasingly crucial in today’s world, since innovation can address a wide range of social and human issues, including food insecurity, hunger, poverty, and underdevelopment. This study investigates how corruption, a lack of research and development funding, and other factors contributed to Nigeria’s failure to implement car policies that would have transformed the country into an export-oriented and industrial powerhouse, not only in Africa but throughout the world. The paper is heavily reliant on secondary data sources. Most automobile policies in Nigeria are short-lived and inconsistent, compared to consistent long-term automobile policies in China, according to the findings. Apart from the National Automobile Development Plan of 2014, which has lasted to date with the hope of meeting 2025, its targeted expiration year, most automobile policies in Nigeria are short-lived and inconsistent. The study concludes that innovation is an effective policy instrument for ensuring employment generation. The report suggests, among other things, that automobile policies should be in place for at least 5 years, regardless of government changes. More funds should be allocated to research and development. Also, Policymakers must ensure that they are supporting innovation in other areas such as business models, services, and supply chains.
Page(s): 679-686 Date of Publication: 16 October 2021
Ademuyiwa A. Lawal
School of Economics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
[1]. Ajulor, O. V, & Etim, E. (2019). Innovative Agricultural Policy and Rural Poverty Reduction in Nigeria. 1(2), 39–47.
[2]. Akaigwe, M. (2010). Auto Industry @ 50, So Far So Bad Assessed from http://www.nigerianbestforum.com/generaltopics/autoindustry-50-so-far-so-bad/ Accessed 18/07/2021
[3]. Anghel, M.-G., Anghelache, C., &Manole, A. (2017). The effect of unemployment on economic growth. Romanian Statistical Review, 174-186.
[4]. Amighini, A. (2020). China’s automobile industry: development, policies, internationalization. 13 Gsaw-8. 163 172
[5]. Barwick, P.J., S. Cao, and S. Li. (2017). Local Protectionism, Market Structure, and Social Welfare: China’s Automobile Market. NBER Working Paper No. 23678,
[6]. Chen, Y., Lin Lawell, C. Y. C., & Wang, Y. (2020). The Chinese automobile industry and government policy. Research in TransportationEconomics,84(May),1–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100849
[7]. Chiromawa, Y. U., & Ogohi, D. C. D. (2020). Impact of Government Policies on the Development of Automotive Industry in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 22(6), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X2206030106
[8]. Costello, T. and Prohaska, B. (2013) Innovation, IT professional, 15:3, 62-64
[9]. Cristina, I., & Paganotti, A. (2018). The Innovative Process in The Automotive Industry : An Analysis of the Great Abc Region Automotive Cluster O Processo Inovativo Na Indústria Automotiva : Uma Análise Do Cluster. 35, 200–217. https://doi.org/10.13037/gr.vol35n105.5303
[10]. Deloitte. (2015). Nigeria’s automotive industry plans: What exactly are the expectations? (1). Inside Tax, 1, 2015.
[11]. Emeka, E. O. (2013). Corruption and implications for industrial development in Nigeria. African Journal of Business Management, 7(29), 2916–2924. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm2013.6980
[12]. Gore A (1998). ‘Corruption: An Impediment to Development’ Eco. Persp, 3 (5):2
[13]. Guardian Nigeria. (2019). Industrializing Nigeria through the auto industry: A dream in limbo. The Guardian Nigeria News – Nigeria andWorld News.https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/cover/industrialising-nigeria-through-autoindustry-a-dream-in-limbo/
[14]. Handen, J. S. (2014). Redefining innovation. Re-Inventing Drug Development, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17594
[15]. Haruna M (2012). ‘Nigeria to commence production of heavy equipment, spare parts this year’ The Guardian (Nigeria) August 8:15-16.
[16]. International Labour Organization.(2019). Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/global/statistics-anddatabases/statistics-overview-and-topics/WCMS_470306/lang–en/index.htm
[17]. International Labour Organization. (2020). World employment and social outlook: trends 2020. In International Labour Organization. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/–dgreports/—dcomm/– publ/publication/wcms_734455.pdf
[18]. International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers. (2021). 2020 Production Statistics | www.oica.net. OICA. Retrieved September 1, 2021, from https://www.oica.net/category/production-statistics/2020-statistics/
[19]. International Trade Administration. (2020). Nigeria – Automotive Sector. International Trade Administration | Trade Gov. https://www.trade.gov/countrycommercialguides/nigeriaautomotive-sector
[20]. Kaja, A., Stein, S., & Zhang, T. (2021). China’s 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025): Spotlight on New Energy Vehicles (NEVs). Global Policy Watch. https://www.globalpolicywatch.com/2021/06/chinas-14th-five-year-plan-2021-2025-spotlight-on-new-energy-vehicles-nevs/#page=1
[21]. Keiser, L. R. (2011). The impact of bureaucratic structure on government decisions. Paper presented at the Public Management Research Association Conference.
[22]. Kenton, W. (2021). Why Research and Development (R&D) Matters. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/randd.asp
[23]. Lange D (2008).‘A Multidimensional Conceptualization of Organizational Corruption Control’, Acad. Manage. Rev. 33(3):710- 729.
[24]. Li, S., J. Xiao, and Y. Liu. (2015). The Price Evolution in China’s Automobile Market. Journal of Economics &Management Strategy 24 (4): 786-810.
[25]. Luca, V. (2021, June 7). Global Finance Magazine – Unemployment Rates Around the World 2020. Global Finance Magazine. https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/worlds-unemployment-ratescom
[26]. Mazzucato, M. (2018). Mission-oriented innovation policies: Challenges and opportunities. Industrial and Corporate Change, 27(5), 803–815. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dty034
[27]. Misangyi VF, Weaver GR, Elms H (2008). ‘Ending Corruption: The Interplay Among Institutional Logics, Resources and Institutional Entrepreneurs’ Acad. Manage. Rev. 33 (3):750- 770.
[28]. National Bureau of Statistics. (2020). Labor Force Statistics: Unemployment and Underemployment Report (Q2 2020). Abridged Labour Force Survey Under Covid-19. March. https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/pdfuploads/Q2_2020_Unemployment_Report.pdf
[29]. Nwagboso, C. I., &Etim, E. E. (2019). Identifying major causes, effects, and approaches to curbing crimes in South-Western Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, 2(3), 883-895. Available at www.ijsred.com
[30]. Okechukwu, E. I. & Ikechukwu, E. J. (2012). Bureaucracy and rural development: The role of public administration in national development: The Nigerian Experience. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12 (4), 19-40
[31]. Okoronkwo, C. (2012). ‘Resuscitating the Automobile industry in Nigeria’ Business Day www. businessdayonline.com Accessed 22/07/2021.
[32]. Osuagwu, L. (2012). ‘Conceptualization of Corruption in Business Organization’ Am. Int. J. Cont. Res. Vol 2 (5):18 25.
[33]. Samuel, A. (2011). The Democratic Challenges in Nigeria and the steps toward achieving the Vision 20:20:20. Kubani Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 1(1): 14-22.
[34]. Saraswat, R. (2018, January 30). Automotive R&D in China and the road ahead. Medium. https://medium.com/@zinnov/automotive-r-d-in-china-and-the-road-ahead-9ce65c1b2ce7
[35]. Soylu, Ö. B., Çakmak, İ., & Okur, F. (2017). Economic growth and unemployment issue. Journal of International Studies, 93-107.
[36]. Udu, E. &Agu, G.A. (2005). New System Economics. Onitsha; Africana First Publishers Ltd.
[37]. United Nations (2020). Nearly half a billion can’t find decent work, unemployment set to rise: New UN labor report. UN News. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/01/1055651
[38]. Wikipedia Encyclopedia (2011). Unemployment. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/unemployment Accessed 19/07/2021
[39]. Worldbank (2021). Labor force, total–Nigeria | Data. The World Bank.https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.TLF.TOTL.IN?locations=NG
Ademuyiwa A. Lawal, “A Comparative Analysis of Innovative Automobile Policy on Employment in Nigeria and China” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.679-686 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/679-686.pdf
Download PDF
Analysis of Soil Physiochemical Properties on Different Land_use in Mubi North Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Garandi I. D., Hyelnacha B. A., Baba M. S. and John N. – September 2021 – Page No.: 687-696
Soil physiochemical properties provide basics assessing soil quality for various/different land uses which is fundamental step towards sustainable agricultural and land management. This research aimed at analysing of soil physiochemical properties on different land use in Mubi North Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The research was conducted during the rainy season (May to July 2020) with the ob¬jective of evaluating the effects of three-land use practice on soil physiochemical properties. Three major land use types: natural forest, grazing and cultivated lands were selected while a total of 15 soil samples were randomly collected from 0-20cm depth. All land use types were subjected to laboratory analysis and statistical tools such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used for hypothesis testing. The results reveal that, Soil pH values ranged from (6.10–6.44), moisture content ranged from (19.86-21.52 %), bulk density ranged from (1.58-1.70 gcm-3), and porosity range from (35.77-40%). The soils are deficient in nitrogen (0.24-0.24 %), potassium (0.24-0.66 Cmol/kg), calcium (2.84-3.10 Cmol/kg), organic carbon ranged from (0.45-1.46 %), magnesium (2.40-2.76 Cmol/kg) and low cation exchange capacity (6.71-7.43 Cmol/kg) due to low levels of organic matter (0.78-2.47 %,). Sand and clay particles, bulk density, silt, pH, total nitrogen, available magnesium, calcium, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable iron were significantly affected (p<0.05) by land use. In contrast, total porosity, bulk density, moisture content, organic carbon organic matter, potassium exchangeable Ca, and sodium were not significantly (p<0.05) affected by land use. The study also recommended the need for detailed soil survey and land use approach in order to know the appropriate land use that is most suitable for the study area, having known its capacity and constraints of the different land uses. Use of set-aside programmes, land use zoning policies that encourage productive and sustainable land use practices should be implemented for sus¬tainable agricultural productivity in the study areas.
Page(s): 687-696 Date of Publication: 16 October 2021
Garandi I. D.
Department of Geography, Adamawa State University’ Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Hyelnacha B. A.
Department of Geography, Adamawa State University’ Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Baba M. S.
Department of Geography, Adamawa State University’ Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
John N.
Department of Geography, Adamawa State University’ Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
[1] Adaiku, A.O.; Obi, M.E; and Ali (2012) Assessment of Degradation Status of Soil in Selected Area of Benue State, Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Soil Science 2012, Vol. 22, No. 1 P.p 168 – 177, Ref. 26.
[2] Adebayo AA (2004) Mubi Region: A geographical synthesis. 1st edn, Paraclete Publishers, Yola, Nigeria, pp: 32-38.
[3] Agboola S. A., (1979). An Agricultural Atlas of Nigeria. Oxford Uni. Press Great Britain
[4] Akanigbo, F. O. R. and Asadu, C. L. A. (1983). Influence on parent materials on the soil of Southeastern Nigeria. East Africa Agricultural Journal 48:81-91.
[5] Akinrinde, E.A and Obigbesan G.O. (2000).Evaluation of fertility status of selected soils for crop production in five ecological areas of Nigeria. Proc. 26th Annual Conf. Soil Sci. Soc. Nig Ibadan, Oyo State. pp 279 – 288
[6] Alagappa, M.A., Alice, E.C. (2007): Advance in Environmental Sciences, GEMS, Tiruchirappalli.
[7] Alemayehu, K., She;eme, B. (2013). Effects of Different Land Use System on Selected Soil Properties in South Ethiopia. Journal of Soil Science and Environment, Vol. 4 (5), Pp. 100-107.
[8] Anikwe, M.A.N., (2010). Carbon Storage in Soils of South eastern Nigeria under different management practices. Carbon Balance and Management Journal: 5:5-8.
[9] Arhad, M.A., and Martins, R.T. (2002). Identifying Critical Limits for Soil Quality Indicators in Agroecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment 88,153-160
[10] Aune, J.B., Lal, R. (1997). The Tropical Productivity Calculator. A model from Assessing the Effect of Soil Management of productivity, Advanced soil science, Lewis Publishers, London, UK, pp. 499-520.
[11] Awotoye, O.O, Adebola, S.I., and Mathew O.J. (2013). The Effect of Land Use Changes on Soil Properties in a Humid Tropical Location; little-Ose Forest Reserves, South Western Nigeria. Research Journal on Agricultural and Environmental Management. 2(6), 176-182.
[12] Awotoye, O.O, Ogunkunle, C.O., and Adeniyi, S. (2012). Assessment of Soil Quality Indicators on a Loessial Soil Goleston Province Iran. Journal of Agriculture Science and Technology Emiru, N., vol. 13:727-742.
[13] Batjes, N, H (ed.), 1995. A homogenized Soil data file for global environmental research; a subset of FAO, ISRIC and NRSC profile (version 1.0) Working Paper and Preprint 95/10b, International Soil Reference and Information Center, Wageningen.
[14] Belay, Dextel, A.R. (2003). Soil Physical Quality. Part 1.Theory, Effects of Soil Texture, Density, and Organic Matter and Effects on Root Growth. Geo Derma 120(314)201-214
[15] Bouyoucous, G.H. (1951). A recalibration of the hydrometer method for making the mechanical analysis of soils. Agronomy Journal, 43: 434-438.
[16] Burger JA, Kelting DL (1999) Using soil quality indicators to assess forest stand management. Forest Ecology and Management 122, 155-166.
[17] Caravaca, F., G. Masciandaro and B. Ceccanti: Land use in relation to soil chemical and biochemical properties in a semiarid Mediterranean environment. Soil Till. Res., 68, 23-30 (2002).
[18] Charma EV, Murphy W (2007). Soil; their properties and management, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, Australia.
[19] Chen, G., L. Gan and S. Wang: A comparative study on the microbiological characteristics of soils under different land-use conditions from karst areas of southwest China. Chin. J. Geochem., 20, 52-58 (2001)
[20] Chimdi A, Gebrekidan H, Kibret K, Tadesse A (2012) Status of selected physicochemical properties of soils under different land use systems of Western Oromia, Ethiopia. J. of Bio. and Environ. Sci. 2 (3): 57-71.
[21] Doran, J.W., Parkin, T.B., 1994. Defining and assessing soil quality.In: Doran, J.W., Coleman, D.C., Bezdicek, D.F., Stewart, B. A. (Eds.), Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment, Madison, WI. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 35, 3–21(special publication).
[22] Eswaran,H Lal,R and Reich,P.F.(2001).L and degradation :an over view .www.ncrs.usda.geotechnicalworldsoils papers land-degradation .
[23] Ewel JJ (1986). Designing agricultural ecosystems for the humid tropics. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 17: 245-271.
[24] FAO, 1995. Planning for sustainable use of land resources: towards a new approach: In: Sombroek, W.G., Sims, D. (Eds.), Land and Water Bulletin No. 2. FAO, Rome.
[25] FAO, 1997. Land quality indicators and their use in sustainable agriculture and rural development. FAO Land and Water Bulletin No. 5. FAO, Rome, 212 pp.
[26] Gebeyaw Tilahun Yeshaneh. (2015). Assessment of Soil Fertility Variation in Different Land Uses and Management Practices in Maybar Watershed, South Wollo Zone, North Ethiopia. International Journal of Environmental Bioremediation & Biodegradation, Vol. 3, No. 1, 15-22
[27] Hamin J.L. Tisdale, S.L., and Nelson, W.L. (2005). Soil fertility and fertilizers: an introduction to nutrient management. Prentice-Hall PLC. New Delhi, India. P. 519.
[28] Herrick, E. Jeffrey (2000) Soil Quality: an indicator of sustainable land management; ELSEVIER: Applied Soil Ecology, Volume 15, Issue 1, August 2000, P.p 75 – 83.
[29] Hurni(1988) Effect of land use on soil degradation and soil productivity decline on Alfisols and Ultisols in Ogun State
[30] Junge and Skowronek(2007). The influence of parent materials on the soils of Southeastern Nigeria, East Africa.
[31] Juo, A. S. R., Franzluebbers, K., Dabiri, A. &Ikhile, B. (1995).Changes in soil properties during long term fallow and continuous cultivation after forest clearing in Nigeria.Agricultural Ecosystem Environment, 56: 9-18.
[32] Fallahazade, J. and Hajabbasi, M. A. (2011). Soil organic matter status changes with cultivation of overgrazed pastures in semi-dry west central Iran. International Journal of Soil Science, 6(2): 114-123.
[33] Fu L, et al. (2000) Loss of the major isoform of phosphoglucomutase results in altered calcium homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 275(8):5431-40
[34] Fu, B., L. Chen, K. Ma, H. Zhou and J. Wang: The relationships between land use and soil conditions in the hilly area of the loess plateau in northern Shaanxi, China. Catena, 39, 69-78 (2000)
[35] Islam, K.R. and R.R. Weil: Land use effects on soil quality in a tropical forest ecosystem of Bangladesh. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 79, 9-16 (2000)
[36] Kang, B.T. and Fox, R.L. 1981. Management of soils for continuous production and controlling nutrient status.
[37] Karlen, D.L., Mausbach, M.J., Doran, J.W., Kline, R.G., Harris,R.F., Schuman, G.E., 1997. Soil quality: a concept, definition,and framework for evaluation. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 61, P.p 4–10.
[38] Kirchlof G, Salako FK (2000). Residual tillage and bush fallow effects on soil properties and maize intercropped with legumes on a tropical Alfisol. Soil Use Manage. 16: 183-188.
[39] Lal, R., 2010. Managing soils and ecosystems for mitigating anthropogenic carbon emissions and advancing global food security. BioScience, 60, 708-721.
[40] Lanbin (2011). The causes of land-use and Land cover Change. Moving Beyond the Myths. Global Environmental change 11,261-209.
[41] Misir, N., M. Misir, U. Karahalil and H. Yavuz: Characterization of soil erosion and its implication to forest management. J. Environ. Biol., 28, 185-191 (2007).
[42] Muhr, L.S., Tarawali, A.,Peters, M., and Schulze-Kraft, R. (2001). Acceptability of forage legumes for improved fallows: first experience of agro pastoralist in sub-humid southwest Nigeria. Experimental Agriculture, 37: 495-507.
[43] National Research Council (NRC) (1993) Nutrient requirements of fish. National Academy Press, Washington DC.
[44] Odunze, A.C., Tarawali, G. and Tanimu, J (2003). Effect of in-situ grazing and stocking density of goats on soil management: a southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria experience. Nigeria Journal of Soil Research4: 9-15.
[45] Odunze, A.C. (2006). Soil properties and management strategies for some sub-humid savanna zone Alfisols in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Samaru J. Agric. Res., 22: 3-14.
[46] Oguike, P. C. and Mbagwu, J. S. C. (2009). Variations in some physical properties and organic matter content of soils coastal plain sand under different land used types. World Journal of Agricultural Science, 5 (1): 63-69.
[47] Ogunkunle CO, Awotoye OO (2011). Soil fertility under different tree cropping system in a southwestern zone of Nigeria. Not. Sci. Biol., 3: 123-128
[48] Padley D, Brown C (2000). Teak: A global overview. Int. J. For. Ind., 51: P.p 1-15.
[49] Power S, Tseitkin F, Mehta V, Lavery B, Torok S, Holbrook,N (1998a) Decadal climate variability in Australia during thetwentieth century. Int J Climatol, (accepted)
[50] Power S, Tseitkin F, Torok S, Lavery B, Dahni R, McAvaney B (1998b) Australian temperature, Australian rainfall and theSouthern Oscillation Index, 1910}1992: coherent variability and recent changes. Aust Meteorol Mag 47: 85}101
[51] Qygard, R., T. Vedeld and J. Aune: Good Practices in Drylands Management, Noragric Agricultural University of Norway. As, Norway (1999).
[52] Schoenholtz SH, Van Miegroet H, Burger JA (2000) A review of chemical and physical as indicators of forest soil quality: challenges and opportunities. Forest Ecology and Management 138, 335-356.
[53] Sheleme B (2011). Soil characterization along toposequence in Gununo area, southern Ethiopia. J. Sci. Dev. 1(1):31-39.
[54] Steer, A., 1998. Making development sustainable. Adv. Geo-Ecol. 31, P.p 857–865.
[55] Wang J, Fu B, Qiu Y, Chen L (2006). Soil nutrients in relation to land use and landscape position in semi-arid small catchment of the loess plateau in China. J. Arid Environ. 48:537-550.
[56] Warkentin, B.P., 1995. Overview of soil quality indicators. In:Proceedings of the Soil Quality Assessment on the Prairies Workshop, Edmonton, 22–24 January 1996, pp. 1–13
[57] Wang, X., M.H. Li, S. Liu and G. Liu: Fractal characteristics of soils under different land-use patterns in the arid and semiarid regions of the Tibetan Plateau, China. Geoderma, 134, 56-61 (2006)
[58] Wondwosen T, Sheleme B (2011). Identification of growth limiting nutrient(s) in Alfisols: Soil physico-chemical properties, nutrient concentrations and biomass yield of maize. Am. J. Plant Nut. Fert. Technol. 1(1):23-35.
[59] Yemefack M, Nounamo L, Njomgang R, Bilong P (2002). Effects of natural fallow on topsoil properties and subsequent crop yield in a forest oxisol of Southern Cameroun. A paper presented at the 17th WCSS between 14-21 August, 2002, Thailand.
Garandi I. D., Hyelnacha B. A., Baba M. S. and John N., “Analysis of Soil Physiochemical Properties on Different Land_use in Mubi North Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.687-696 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5941
Download PDF
Examining the Effects of Peer Pressure on Student-Teachers’ Academic Performance
James Kofi Tetteh, Kennedy Asenso, Mary Rosaline Ansah, John Nartey Kanamitie, Hannah Agyena-Karikari, Endurance Serwaa Lah, Derrick Nii Quarcoopome Sackey and Paul Williams Obeng – September 2021 – Page No.: 697-704
The impetus for human beings to be influenced by neighbours and milieus are undeniable. As peers socialize within their school environments, individuals are forced to conform to the practices, norms, mores and opinions of the group. Upon this background, the study sought to examine the effects of peer pressure on academic performance of student-teachers of S.D.A. College of Education, Asokore – Koforidua. The motivation for the study was to examine the effects of peer pressure on student-teachers of S.D.A. College of Education and it repel effects on academic performance. The study used the mixed methodological approach. Purposive sample was employed to select the level 200 students of the S.D.A. College of Education for the study because they were the only students on campus at the time of the survey. The study concluded that self-doubt and emotional development were effects of peer pressure, the fear of uncertainty in some of the student-teachers compel them to join friends who they perceive might be academically better than them. The study therefore recommended that group works should be more frequent to motivate the average students to boost their confidence. Guidance sessions should be mandatorily organized at least once in every month to work on students’ emotional control and self-esteem to improve academic performance.
Page(s): 697-704 Date of Publication: 18 October 2021
James Kofi Tetteh
SDA College of Education, Ghana
Kennedy Asenso
SDA College of Education, Ghana
Mary Rosaline Ansah
SDA College of Education, Ghana
John Nartey Kanamitie
SDA College of Education, Ghana
Hannah Agyena-Karikari
SDA College of Education, Ghana
Endurance Serwaa Lah
SDA College of Education, Ghana
Derrick Nii Quarcoopome Sackey
SDA College of Education, Ghana
Paul Williams Obeng
SDA College of Education, Ghana
[1] Adeniyi, M. A. & Kolawole, V. A. (2015). The influence of peer pressure adolescents’ social behaviour. UNIVERSITY OF MAURITUS RESEARCH JOURNAL, 21. Retrieved from: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/umrj/article/view/122065
[2] Amazon, A. C. (1996). Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: Resolving a paradox for top management teams. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 123-148.
[3] Amazon, A. C., & Sapienza, H. (1997). The effects of top management team size and interaction norms on cognitive and affective conflict. Journal of Management, 23, 495-516.
[4] Black, S. (2002). When students push past peer influence. The Education Digest, 68, 31-36.
[5] Bonein, A. & Denant-Boement, L. (2013). Self-control, commitment and peer pressure: a laboratory experiment. Center for Research in Economics and Management. Retrieved from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10683 014-9419-7
[6] Buhrmester, D. (1992). The developmental courses of sibling and peer relationships. In Boer, F., and Dunn, J. (Eds.), Children’s Sibling Relationships: Developmental and clinical Issues. Erlbaum Hillsdale: NJ.
[7] Burns, A. & Darling, N. (2002). Peer pressure is not peer influence. The Education Digest, 68, 4-6
[8] Carsaro, B. (1985). Promoting peer relationships in young children. London: Wadsworth.
[9] Castrogiovanni, D. (2002). Adolescence: Peer groups. Retrieved from http://www.ianr.unl.edu/pubs/family/nf211.htm
[10] Chen, J. (2008). Grade-level differences: relations of parental, teacher, and peer support to academic engagement and achievement among hong Kong students. School Psychology International. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247718714
[11] Chui, M. M. (2016). School conflicts and implications on students’ performance: A case study of practicing teachers undertaking masters in education and administration at Mount Kenya University. International Journal of Education and Research, 4(9), 259-268.
[12] Cohen, J. M. (1977). Sources of peer group homogeneity. Sociology of Education, 50, 227-241.
[13] Goethe, G. R. (2001). Peer effects, gender, and intellectual performance among students at a highly selective college: A social comparison of abilities analysis. Presentation Paper-61
[14] Kindermann, T. A. (2007). Effects of Naturally Existing Peer Groups on Changes in Academic Engagement in a Cohort of Sixth Graders. Child Development, 78(4), 1186–1203.
[15] Kirk, A. M. (2000). “Riding the Bull: Reform in Washington, Kentucky, and Massachusetts,” Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 25(1), 133-173
[16] Landau, A. (2002). Peer groups and educational outcomes. Retrieved January 24, 2004, from: http://inside.bard.edu/academic/specialproj/darling/bullying/group2/alison.html
[17] Lashbrook, J. T. (2000). Fitting in: Exploring the emotional dimension of adolescent peer pressure. Adolescence, 35,747-758.
[18] Lewis, D., French, E., & Steane, P. (1997). A culture of conflict. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 18(6), 275-282.
[19] Lingren, H. G. (1995). Adolescence and peer pressure. Retrieved January 24, 2004 from http://www.experimentresources.com/social-learning-theory.html
[20] Omollo, A. E., & Yambo, O. J. M. (2017). Influence of peer pressure on secondary school students dropout in Rongo Sub-County, Migore County, Kenya. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(9), 73-78.
[21] Owens, K. B. (2002). Child and adolescent development: An integrated approach. Belmont: Wadsworth.
[22] Rima, B. M. D. (2008). Causes of peer pressure. [Online]Available on www.well.sphere.co/wellpage/causes of peerpreesure.
[23] Rivers, E. (2005). Management of difference and conflict in companies: A guide for busy HR professionals. Centre for Effective Dispute Resolution.
[24] Ryan, A. M. (2000). Peer groups as a context for the socialization of adolescents’ motivation, engagement, and achievement in school. Educational Psychologist, 35, 101-112.
[25] Sacerdote, B.. (2001). Peer Effects with Random Assignment:Results for Dart-mouth Roommates, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No.7469,1999
[26] Santor, D., Deanne, M. & Kusumskur, V. (2000). Measuring peer pressure. A popularity and conformity in adolescent boys and girls: predicting school performance, sexual attitude and substance abuse. Journal of youth and adolescent, 29(2), 163.
[27] Stuart, D. (2001). The growing up child. New York: Palgrave.
[28] Thakore, D. (2013). Conflict and conflict management. Journal of Business and Management, 8(6), 7-16.
[29] Uslu, M. (2013). Relationship between degrees of self-esteem and peer pressure in high school adolescents. International Journal of Academic Research Part B; 117122.Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314524207
[30] Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: the development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, Mass; London: Harvard University Press.
[31] Wickert, K. C. (2002). Friends, cliques, and peer pressure: Be true to yourself. Berkeley Heights: Enslow Publishers.
[32] Zimmerman, G. (2003). Peer Effects in Higher Education. NBER Working Paper No. 9501, JEL no I21
James Kofi Tetteh, Kennedy Asenso, Mary Rosaline Ansah, John Nartey Kanamitie, Hannah Agyena-Karikari, Endurance Serwaa Lah, Derrick Nii Quarcoopome Sackey and Paul Williams Obeng, “Examining the Effects of Peer Pressure on Student-Teachers’ Academic Performance” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.697-704 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5942
Download PDF
Human Capital Development and Organisational Competitiveness: A Theoretical Approach
Kelvin N. Agbakwuru, Oluwatobiloba M. Gbadero – September 2021 – Page No.: 705-709
With the high level of competition in this knowledge-based economy, organisations are on a quest to increase their competitive edge over their various counterparts. This study examines the role human capital development plays in helping organisations achieve this feat. A theoretical approach was involved and the study was done via the perspectives of human capital and resource-based theories. The study concluded that the implementation of human capital development activities like training, development, education contributes greatly to the competitiveness of an organisation and recommends that organisations take seriously the development of their human capital if they are to survive the harsh competition prevalent in the Nigerian business environment.
Page(s): 705-709 Date of Publication: 18 October 2021
Kelvin N. Agbakwuru
PhD Student at Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Oluwatobiloba M. Gbadero
Master’s Student (M.Sc.) Marketing Management, Eastern Mediterranean University
[1] Abomaye-Nimenibo, W.A., Emmanuel, A.U., & Usang, S.U. (2020). Human capital development as a panacea for organizational survival of broadcasting corporations in Rivers State. International Journal of Latest Research in Humanities and Social Science, 2(5), 20-29.
[2] Afrah, N. (2016). The role of human capital development on organisational performance: Case study Benadir University, Mogadishu, Somalia. European Journal of Business and Management, 8(4), 120-124.
[3] Agbo, M.U. (2020). Effects of human capital development in optimizing employee performance: A study of Abia State House of Assembly, Abia State, Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Research, 6(3), 35-50.
[4] Ali, G. (2020). Human capital development and employee job performance of selected local government areas in Rivers State, Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Law Research, 8(1), 109-119.
[5] Anosa, I.C. (2021). Human capital development and organizational productivity in selected manufacturing firms south-east. International Journal of Business and Law Research, 9(1), 39-51.
[6] Armstrong, M. (2014). Amstrong’s handbook of human resource management (13 ed.). Philadelphia: Kogan Page.
[7] Becker, G. (1964). Human capital (2nd ed.). New York: Columbia University.
[8] Becker, G. (2002). The age of human capital. New York: Colombia University.
[9] Blair, M. (2012). An economic perspective on the notion of human capital: The Oxford handbook of human capital. Oxford: Oxford University.
[10] Camison, C., & Fores, B. (2015). Is tourism firm competitiveness driven by different internal or external specific factors: New empirical evidence from Spain. Tourism Management, 48, 477-499.
[11] Crocker, R. (2006). Human capital development and education. Canada Policy Research Networks.
[12] Cross, O. (2019). The effects of human capital development on organisational performance. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, 7(1), 1-7.
[13] Davenport, T.H., & Prusak, L. (1998). Working knowledge. Cambridge: HBS.
[14] Dicksen, P. (1996). The static and dynamic mechanics of competitive theory. Journal of Marketing, 60, 102-106.
[15] Gebremichael, H.S., & Tekle, T.G. (2020). Human capital and process innovation capability for competitive advantage: A study on manufacturing SMEs in Tigray. Brannia Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(1), 78-94.
[16] Haralambos, M., & Heald, R. M. (2006). Sociology: Themes and Perspectives. New Delhi: Oxford University
[17] Harbinson, F. (1973). Human resources as the wealth of nations. New York: Oxford.
[18] Jennex, M. (2005). What is KM? International Journal of Knowledge Management, 1(4), 1-4.
[19] Khayinga, C.M., & Muathe, S. (2018). Human capital development and organisational performance: Review and critique of literature and a research agenda. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 6(2), 144-153.
[20] Koednok, S. (2011). Challenging of human capital management in Asian countries for sustainable economy. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 1(5), 411-415.
[21] Kogut, B. (Ed.). (1993). Country competitiveness: Technology and the organising of work. New York: Oxford University.
[22] Lin, C. W. (2017). The role of human capital management in organisational competitiveness. Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal, 45(1), 81-92.
[23] Madhani, P. (2010). Resource based view (RBV) of competitive advantage: An overview. ICFAI University.
[24] Marimuthu, M. A. (2009). Human capital development and its impact on firm performance: Evidence from developmental economics. The Journal of International Social Research, 2(8), 266-272.
[25] Mbah, P.C., Aga, C.C., & Onyia, E. (2018). Effect of human capital development in organizational performance in manufacturing industries in south-east Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 7(3), 60-78.
[26] Meeta, M., & Dwivedi, V.J. (2012). An empirical study on training and development practices in Life Insurance Corporation in India. Retrieved from HYPERLINK “https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293542994_An_Empirical_Study_on_training_and_development_practices_in_Life_Insurance_Corporation_in_India” https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293542994_An_Empirical_Study_on_training_and_development_practices_in_Life_Insurance_Corporation_in_India
[27] Mincer, J. (1958). Investment in human capital and personal income distribution. The Journal of Political Economy, 6(4), 281-302.
[28] Mohammed, M.O., Rufai, M.D., & Azeez, R.O. (2016). Tertiary education and human capital development: Implication on the national development. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 5(2), 14-23.
[29] Mujtaba, M. J. (2018). Human capital is a competitive advantage of businesses: Analysis of automobile firms of Pakistan. Asian Themes in Social Sciences Research, 2(1), 16-22.
[30] Obisi, C. (2015). Anatomy of personnel management. Lagos: Princeton & Associates.
[31] Okojie, C. (1995). Human capital formation for productivity growth in Nigeria. Nigerian Economic and Financial Review, 44-55.
[32] Oladele, O. (n.d.). Human resource management in Nigeria. Ado-Ekiti: Ekiti State University.
[33] Onyebuchi, O. (2018). Human capital development and organisational survival: A theoretical review. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 7(4), 194-203.
[34] Orozco, F. S. (2014). Modeling competitiveness factors and indexes for construction companies: Findings of Chile. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 140(4).
[35] Oyewole, T.G., & Adegoke, J.A. (2018). Human capital development in Nigeria:Implications for nation building. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Research, 4(1), 25-34.
[36] Penrose, E. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. New York: Wiley.
[37] Radjenovic, T., & Krstic, B. (2017). The impact of human capital development on competitiveness. Challenges in Modern Corporate Governance (pp. 104-111). Belgrade: Singidunum University.
[38] Raja, A. G., Furqan, A. K., & Muhammad, A. K. (2011). Impact of Training and Development on Organizational Performance. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 11(7).
[39] Roman, D. P. (2012). Organisational competitiveness factors. Brazillian Business Review, 9(1), 25-42.
[40] Schultz, T.W. (1961). Investment in human capital. American Economic Review, 51(1), 1-17.
[41] Sharabati, A.A., & Nour, A.I. (2013). The relationship between human capital development and university’s business performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(6), 104-119.
[42] Smith, A. (1776). The wealth of nations. New York: Bantam Classic.
[43] Sweetland, S. (1996). Human capital theory: Foundations of a field of inquiry. Review of Educational Research, 66(3), 341-359.
[44] Ukenna, S. I. (2010). Effect of investment in human capital development on organisational performance: Empirical examination of the perception of small business owners in Nigeria. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences (26), 93-107.
[45] Wernefelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171-180.
[46] Wuttaphan, N. (2017). Human capital theory: The theory of human resource development, implications, and future. Rajabhat Journal of Humanitarian Science and Social Science, 18(2), 240-253.
[47] Zhu, L., & Cheung, S. (2017). Harvesting competitiveness through building organisational innovation capacity. Journal of Management Engineering, 33(5).
Kelvin N. Agbakwuru, Oluwatobiloba M. Gbadero, “Human Capital Development and Organisational Competitiveness: A Theoretical Approach” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.705-709 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/705-709.pdf
Download PDF
The Inextricable Nexus between Poverty and Politicians in Africa
Dr. Ambrues Monboe Nebo Sr. – September 2021 – Page No.: 710-716
Researchers have documented multiple causes that explain the reasons for the persistence of extreme poverty in Africa, despite existence of comprehensive policy frameworks (Poverty Reduction Strategy). These causes are: corruption and poor governance, limited employment opportunities, poor infrastructure, poor resource usage, wars and unending conflicts, poor World Bank and IMF policies, among others. While sustaining these genuine causes, this paper probably the first of its kind look at different reason that explains the persistence of extreme poverty in Africa. It looks at the inextricable nexus between poverty and politicians as another reason for extreme poverty, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. This article argues that the existence of extreme poverty is strategic to the political agenda and promotion of politicians. In other words, this paper makes the case that extreme poverty protects and enhances the selfish interests of politicians. And because poverty serves the personal interest of politicians, the urge and inclination to substantially reduce poverty have remained a mere lip political rhetoric in Africa. Precisely, the paper advances the argument that vote buying is the interest that explains the nexus between the former and the latter in Africa.
To solve this old aged problem, this article recommend that civil society must rollout their sleeves to robustly engage electorates through the concept of sustain civic education for holding politicians accountable for their failures or pretense of reducing extreme poverty substantially.
Page(s): 710-716 Date of Publication: 18 October 2021
Dr. Ambrues Monboe Nebo Sr.
(Doctor of Sociology D.Sc), Department of Political Science, University of Liberia
[1] Al Jazeera (2013) Videos expose Kenya’s cash-for-votes scandal https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2013/3/1/videos-expose-kenya-cash-for-votes-scandal Accessed 3 September 2021
[2] Bhorat, H., Cassim, A., Ewinyu, A. & Steenkamp, F. (2016). Social Protection and Inequality in Africa: Exploring the interactions. In eds. A. Odusola, G.A. Cornia, H. Bhorat, & P. Conceição. Income Inequality Trends in sub-Saharan Africa. Divergence, Determinants and Consequences. New York: Regional Bureau for Africa, UNDP, 179-202. https://www.africa.undp.org/content/rba/en/home/library/reports/income-inequality-trends-in-subsaharan-africa–divergence–dete.html Accessed 29 August 2021
[3] Canagarajah, S., and Van Diesen, A., (2006), ‘The Poverty Reduction Strategy Approach Six Years On: An Examination of Principles and Practice in Uganda’ Development Policy Review, 24 (6), pp. 647-667
[4] Christiaensen, L. & Hill, R. (2019) Poverty in Africa. In eds. K. Beegle & L. Christiaensen. Accelerating poverty reduction in Africa. Washington, DC: The World Bank. 33-50. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/32354 Accessed 29 August 2021
[5] Gaines, Miller, Larry, Roger LeRoy (2012). Criminal Justice in Action. Wadsworth Publishing. p. 152. ISBN 978-1111835576.
[6] Grant, Grant, Donald Lee, Jonathan (2001). The Way It Was in the South: The Black Experience in Georgia. University of Georgia Press. p. 449. ISBN 978-0820323299. Accessed 24 August 2021
[7] Jakonda, Agara, Jummai & Alexander, Pojwan, Martina (2015) Eradicating Extreme Poverty in Nigeria: An Appraisal of Millennium Development Goal One (MDG 1) https://iiardpub.org/get/IJEBM/VOL%201/46-54.pdf Accessed 29 August 2021
[8] Jafino, B. A., Walsh, B., Rozenberg, J., & Hallegatte, S. (2020) Revised Estimates of the Impact of Climate Change on Extreme Poverty by 2030. Policy research working paper. Washington, DC: World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/34555/Revised-Estimates-of-theImpact-of-Climate-Change-on-Extreme-Poverty-by-2030.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Accessed 28 August 2021
[9] Kramon, E., & Posner, D. N. (2013). Who benefits from distributive politics? How the outcomes one studies affect the answers one gets. Perspectives on Politics, 11(2), 461-474. Accessed 2 September 2021
[10] Kramon, E. (2009). Vote-buying and political behaviour: Estimating and explaining vote-buying’s effect on turnout in Kenya. Working Paper Number 114, Afro Barometer
[11] Mtomba, Victoria (2016) $2,7bn poverty reduction strategy for Zimbabwe launchedhttps://www.tralac.org/news/article/10554-2-7bn-poverty-reduction-strategy-for-zimbabwe-launched.html accessed 29 August 2021
[12] Multidimensional_Poverty_Index(2018)The_Most_Detailed_Picture_To_Date_of_the_World’s_Poorest_People/links/5c3f234d458515a4c72a674b/Global-Multidimensional-Poverty-Index-2018-The-Most-Detailed-Picture-To-Date-of-the-Worlds-Poorest-People.pdf Accessed 29 August 2021
[13] Mattozzi, Andrea and Merlo, Antonio (2008) “Political careers or career politicians.” Journal of Public Economics 92#3: 597–608.
[14] Nyamboga, Nyamweya, Sisia, & George, (2014) The effectiveness of Poverty Reduction efforts in Kenya: An evaluation of Kenyan Government’s policy initiatives on poverty alleviation https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234670617.pdf Accessed 29 August 2021
[15] Onuoha, Freedom and Ojo, Jide (2018) Practice and Perils of Vote Buying in Nigeria’s Recent Elections. https://www.accord.org.za/conflict-trends/practice-and-perils-of- vote-buying-in-nigerias-recent-elections/ Accessed 4 September 2021
[16] Oxford Poverty & Human Development Initiative. (2018). Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2018: The most detailed picture to date of the world’s poorestpeople.UniversityofOxford.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frank_Vollmer2/publication/330421754_Global_Multidimensional_Poverty_Index_2018_The_Most_Detailed_Picture_To_Date_of_the_World’s_Poorest_People/links/5c3f234d458515a4c72a674b/Global-Multidimensional-Poverty-Index-2018-The-Most-Detailed-Picture-To-Date-of-the-Worlds-Poorest-People.pdf Accessed 29 August 2021
[17] Patel, Nirav. (2018) “Figure of the Week: Understanding Poverty in Africa.” Brookings, Brookings, 21 Nov. 2018, www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2018/11/21/figure-of-the-week-understanding-poverty-in-africa/. Accessed 1 September 2021
[18] Serdeczny, O., Adams, S., Baarsch, F., Coumou, D., Robinson, A., Hare, W. & Reinhardt, J. (2017). Climate change impacts in Sub-Saharan Africa: from physical changes to their social repercussions. Regional Environmental Change, 17(6), 1585-1600. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10113-015-0910-2 Accessed 30 August 2021
[19] Sieh, Rodney (2017) Poverty-Stricken Voters Selling Voter Cards in Liberia – Three Busted, https://frontpageafricaonline.com/politics/breaking-news-poverty-stricken-voters-selling-voter-cards-in-liberia-3-busted/ accessed 18 September 2021
[20] Stokes, S. C. (2007). Political clientelism. In C. Boix and S. Stokes (Eds.) Handbook of comparative politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press
[21] The Whistler (2016) Edo Decides: APC, PDP in Vote Buying, Interstate Travelers Trapped, https://thewhistler.ng/story/edodecides-apc-pdp-in-vote-buying-interstate-travelers-trapped/Accessed 6 September 2021
[22] Tribune, (2018) Overcoming Vote Buying, Available at:htp://www.tribuneonlineng.com/overcoming-vote-buying/ Accessed 6 September 2021
[23] Tewolde, M. and Weldeyohannes, M. (2018). Drivers of poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: Policy implications for achieving Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 8, Issue 12, 473-486.http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.8.12.2018.p8462 Accessed 30 August 2021
[24] World Bank List of Economies, (2020). https://www.acpe- accredit.org/pdf/ISP/WorldBankData-CountryClassifications.pdf Accessed 30 August 2021
[25] World Bank (2020). Reversals of fortune. Poverty and shared prosperity 2020.
[26] Washington, DC: The World Bank.https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/34496/9781464816024.pdf accessed 30 August 2021
[27] World Bank. (2020(. Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020: Reversals of Fortune. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1602-4. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/34496/9781464816024.pdf Accessed 1 September 2021
[28] VOA (2009) Liberia’s President Sirleaf Launches Poverty Reduction Program https://www.voanews.com/archive/liberias-president-sirleaf-launches-poverty-reduction-program Accessed 29 August 2021
Dr. Ambrues Monboe Nebo Sr. “The Inextricable Nexus between Poverty and Politicians in Africa” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.710-716 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5943
Download PDF
Learner Centred Education LCE amidst Corona Virus in Selected Secondary Schools in Zambia: Challenges, New Trends and Way Forward
Dr. Oliver Magasu (PhD) – September 2021 – Page No.: 717-722
The study focussed on establishing how teachers were using learner centred methods in their teaching amidst the Corona Virus protocols. In doing so, the study investigated the challenges and new trends that have emerged in teaching. A descriptive survey research design was employed. The sample included 40 participants drawn from five selected secondary schools in Kabwe district, Central Province, Zambia, through a non-probability sampling technique. Data was collected through interviews. The key findings were that the pandemic had changed the normal approach to teaching and this had affected the use of learner centred techniques in lessons. Teachers were now using lecture method. Furthermore, the protocols have prompted some teachers to using social media platforms such as WhatsApp groups to give notes and homework in day schools. Based on the findings, the study recommends among others that teachers should find other ways of using learner centred methods in their teaching and at the same time, they should do all it takes to reduce the spread of the pandemic. Furthermore, online teaching should be supported by embracing e-learning platforms that were interactive such as Zoom.
Page(s): 717-722 Date of Publication: 18 October 2021
Dr. Oliver Magasu (PhD)
Kwame Nkrumah University – Zambia
Books
[1] Cresswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: A Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Method Approaches. Third Edition. Sage Publications. Inc
[2] Dewey, J (1910). How we think. USA: D.C. Heath & Co., Publishers
[3] Dewey, J. (1933). How We Think. A Restatement of the Relation of Reflective Thinking to the Educative Process. Boston: DC Heath & C
[4] Dewey, J. (1962). The Relation of Theory to Practice in Education. IA, Cedar Falls: The Association for Student Teaching
[5] Huang, R.H., Liu, D.J., Tlili, A., Yang, J.F., Wang, H.H., et al. (2020). Handbook on facilitating flexible learning during educational disruption: The Chinese experience in maintaining undisrupted learning in COVID-19 outbreak. Beijing: Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University.
[6] Kelly, M.J. (1996). The Origin and Development of Education in Zambia: From Pre-Colonial Times to 1996. Lusaka: Image Publishers Limited.
[7] Marzano, R. J. (2010). Developing Expert Teachers. In R. J. Marzano (Ed.), On Excellence in Teaching. (10th Ed.) Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree Press
[8] M.o.E (2013). Zambia Education Curriculum Framework 2013. Lusaka: CDC.
[9] Prosser, M., & Trigwell, K. (1999). Understanding learning and teaching: The experience in higher education. London: McGraw-Hill Education.
[10] Roberts, J. (1998). Language teacher Education. London: Arnold
Online Book
[11] ADEA (2020). ‘Impact of COVID-19 on Africa’s Education: Reflecting on Promoting Interventions and Challenges, Towards a New Normal.’ Final Report, August, 2020. ADEA
[12] Burgess, S. & Sievertsen, H. H. (2020). Schools, skills, and learning: The impact of COVID-19 on education. VOX CEPR Policy Portal. Available at: https://voxeu.org/article/impact-COVID19-education.
[13] Erickson, P. W. (2020). Covid-19 as an education disruptor: Schools are being forced to rely more on online instruction. American School & University
[14] Kylee J. McDonald (2021). Perceived Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Teaching and Learning in Rural Areas of Central Kansas. Published, School of Education of Baker University.
[15] Pandit, S. (2020). Sankatma nirantar sikai. Gorkhaparta (07 May). Available at ; https://gorkhapatraonline.com/education/2020-05-06-13805.
[16] United Nations (2020. Policy Brief: Education during COVID-19 and Beyond. United Nations, August, 2020
[17] UNESCO (2020). COVID-19 Educational Disruption and Response. Accessed: March 25, 2020: https://en.unesco.org/themes/education-emergencies/coronavirus-school-closures. UNESCO Institution for Statistics Data
Journal Articles without DOI
[18] Carlsson, M, Dahl, G.B., Öckert, B. & Rooth, D. (2015). The effect of schooling on cognitive skills. Review of Economics and Statistics, 97(3), 533–547.
[19] Crouch, C. H. & Mazur, E. (2001). ‘Peer Instruction: Ten Years of Experience and Results.’ American Journal of Physics 69(970)
[20] Duraku H. Z & Hoxha, L (2020). “The Impact Of COVID-19 On Education And On The Well-Being Of Teachers, Parents And Students: Challenges Related To Remote (Online) Learning And Opportunities For Advancing The Quality Of Education.” Researchgate
[21] Durlack, J.A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school based universal interventions. Child Development, 82, 405-432
[22] Feldman, J., & Reeves D., (2020). Grading during a Pandemic: A conversation. Educational Leadership, 78(1), 22-27.
[23] Hussein, Z. Mavumba, Mtitu, E. Andreas & Ogondiek, M. (2019). Implementation of Learner-Centred Teaching and Learning Approaches in Adavanced Mathematics in Secondary Schools in Tanzania: Achievements and Challenges. Jipe Vol. 11(2) December, 2019; pp. 70 – 86
[24] Lavy, V. (2015). Do differences in schools’ instruction time explain international achievement gaps? Evidence from developed and developing countries. Economic Journal 125.
[25] Machemer, P. L. & Crawford, P. (2007). Student Perceptions of Active Learning in a Large Cross-Disciplinary Classroom. SAGE Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi) Vol. 8(1): 11-31
[26] Magasu, O. (2021). Domesticating Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model into the Teaching of Civic Education: A Case of Secondary Schools in Zambia. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Sciences. Volume V, Issue VII. P. 25 -31
[27] Magasu, O. Mileji, P. & Lubbungu, J. (2021). E-Learning in the ‘New Normal’ on Students at Kwame Nkrumah University in Zambia: Inclusive or Exclusive. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VIII, Issue II. P 208 – 214
[28] Romero-Ivanova, C., Shaughnessy M., Otto L., Taylor E., Watson E., (2020). Digital practices & applications in a Covid-19 Culture. Higher Education Studies; 10I (3)
[29] Will, M. (2020). 6 Lessons Learned about Better Teaching during the Pandemic. Education Week, 40(12), 18-21
[30] Xu, Di & Jaggars, S. S. (2014). ‘Performance Gaps Between Online and Face-to Face Courses: Differences across Types of Students and Academic Subject Areas.’ Journal of Higher Education 85(5): 633-659
Dr. Oliver Magasu (PhD), “Learner Centred Education LCE amidst Corona Virus in Selected Secondary Schools in Zambia: Challenges, New Trends and Way Forward” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.717-722 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/717-722.pdf
Download PDF
Community Empowerment Model In The Development of Innovation Based on Local Potential in Legacy Village Regions, Trenggalek Regency
Didiek Tranggono; Ririn Puspita Tutiasri; Sri Tjondro Winarno – September 2021 – Page No.: 723-726
Efforts to eradicate poverty in Indonesia, especially in rural areas, have been carried out in various ways. However, the approach taken in general is to increase income with methods that are less friendly to the elements of the locality of the community, and pay less attention to the role of the community as the subject of development. The purpose of this study is to develop and implement a model related to community empowerment based on local potential for community welfare in Trenggalek Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. S The research was carried out for two (2) months starting from June to July 2021. The population in this study were disadvantaged rural communities in the Bendungan, Tugu, and Watulimo sub-districts, Trenggalek Regency. Data collection techniques in this study include observation, questionnaires, interviews, documentation and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The analysis technique was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the study indicate that family economic empowerment carried out by universities and the government in the development of innovation is very useful, efficient and effective, and has a very good role for the community.
Page(s): 723-726 Date of Publication: 18 October 2021
Didiek Tranggono
Communication Studies Department, Universitas Pembangunan Veteran, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Ririn Puspita Tutiasri
Agribusiness Studies Department, Universitas Pembangunan Veteran, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Sri Tjondro Winarno
Agribusiness Studies Department, Universitas Pembangunan Veteran, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
[1] Affendi A. dan Ernan R, 2004. Perlunya Koordinasi Pembangunan Wilayah Agropolitan Menuju Kerjasama antara Pemerintah Tingkat Kabupaten dan Masyarakat Komunitas. Makalah disampaikan pada Diskusi Panel Sarasehan Agropolitan 2004. Pemalang.
[2] Agussabti, 2002. Kemandirian Petani Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Adopsi Inovasi. (Kasus Petani Sayuran di Propinsi Jawa Barat). Program Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
[3] Balezentis, T., Morkunas, M., Volkov, A., Ribasauskiene, A and Streimikiene, D. 2020. “Are Women Neglected in the EU Agriculture? Evidence from Lithuanian Young Farmers.” Land Use Policy, no. October: 105129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105129.
[4] Galiè, A., Jiggins, J., Struik, P.C., Grando, S and Ceccarelli, S. 2017. “‘Women’s Empowerment through Seed Improvement and Seed Governance: Evidence from Participatory Barley Breeding in Pre-War Syria.’” NJAS – Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 81: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2017.01.002.
[5] Jiao, Xiao qiang, Hong yan Zhang, Wen qi MA, C. Wang, Xiao lin LI, and Fu suo Zhang. 2019. “Science and Technology Backyard: A Novel Approach to Empower Smallholder Farmers for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in China.” Journal of Integrative Agriculture 18 (8): 1657–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62592-X.
[6] Kassie, Menale, Monica Fisher, Geoffrey Muricho, and Gracious Diiro. 2020. “Women’s Empowerment Boosts the Gains in Dietary Diversity from Agricultural Technology Adoption in Rural Kenya.” Food Policy 95 (August): 101957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2020.101957.
[7] Lin, Haiying, Ruihua Li, Shuxia Hou, and Wenlong Li. 2020. “Influencing Factors and Empowering Mechanism of Participation in E-Commerce: An Empirical Analysis on Poor Households from Inner Mongolia, China.” Alexandria Engineering Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2020.06.010.
[8] Malapit, Hazel, Catherine Ragasa, Elena M. Martinez, Deborah Rubin, Greg Seymour, and Agnes Quisumbing. 2020. “Empowerment in Agricultural Value Chains: Mixed Methods Evidence from the Philippines.” Journal of Rural Studies 76 (January): 240–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.04.003.
[9] Marzuki, 2002. Paradigma Baru Ilmu Penyuluhan Pembangunan dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat. Pambudy R., Adhi A., editor. Badan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Manusia. Departemen Pertanian. Jakarta.
[10] Mikkelsen, B, 2001. Metode Penelitian Partisipatoris dan Upaya- Upaya Pemberdayaan. Sebuah Buku Pegangan bagi Para Praktisi Lapangan. Yayasan Obor Indonesia.Jakarta.
[11] Nyanga, Progress H., Bridget Bwalya Umar, Douty Chibamba, and Wilma S. Nchito. 2020. “Dataset on Women’s Empowerment, Land and Donor-Driven Agricultural Interventions in Eastern Zambia.” Data in Brief 32: 106113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106113.
[12] Sell, Mila, and Nicholas Minot. 2018. “What Factors Explain Women’s Empowerment? Decision-Making among Small-Scale Farmers in Uganda.” Women’s Studies International Forum 71 (September): 46–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2018.09.005.
[13] Sonia, Atker., Rutsaert, P., Luis, J., Htwe, N.M., San, S.S., Raharjo, R and Pustika, A. 2017. “Women’s Empowerment and Gender Equity in Agriculture: A Different Perspective from Southeast Asia.” Food Policy 69: 2779.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.05.003.
[14] Winarno, S.T, Harijani,W.S 2020. Pengembangan Agribisnis Berbasis Kopi Melalui Pemberdayaan Kelompok Tani. Makalah disampaikan pada Prosiding Seminar Nasional Agribisnis III 2020.Surabaya.
[15] Saragih B, 2002. Agribisnis Paradigma Baru Pembangunan Ekonomi Berbasis Pertanian. Yayasan Mulia Persada Indonesia dan PT. Suveyor Indonesia bekerjasama dengan Pusat Studi Pembangunan IPB dan USESE. Bogor. Cetakan ke-2.
Didiek Tranggono; Ririn Puspita Tutiasri; Sri Tjondro Winarno, “Community Empowerment Model In The Development of Innovation Based on Local Potential in Legacy Village Regions, Trenggalek Regency” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.723-726 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/723-726.pdf
Download PDF
The Use of Twitter for Diplomatic Mission and Image Portrayal: Case Study Turkish Embassies in Africa
Mussa Abdulla Ameir – September 2021 – Page No.: 727-736
In this time of globalization, People base their perceptions and decisions toward a country on its representative (image) of different aspects. Countries are rated and compared based on their political stability, roles in international affairs, economic development, foreign policies and the attractions of a culture and its peoples. This trend has changed how diplomats engage with their foreign public in the place where they are located by incorporating social media in diplomatic mission . Twitter, in particular, is seen as a main tool which is utilized by diplomatic actors to reach their audiences. Currently, Turkey has shown purposeful and meaningful efforts to embrace Twitter as a new tool of public diplomacy to fulfil its diplomatic missions. Based on this claim, this study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Turkish embassies in African countries in the use of Twitter to engage with foreign audience and image portraying to African countries. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were used to analyze data collected from 10 twitter accounts of Turkish embassies stationed in Africa from November 2019 to March 2020. The results show that although the average engagement across the continent is fairly high, the frequency of day to day posting by the embassies is low. This means that Turkish embassies in Africa are not using social media to their full potential to maintain a good relationship with the countries and effectively increase the visibility of a country image. Besides, Turkish embassies portray Turkey as friendly, the most generous and diplomatic country.
Page(s): 727-736 Date of Publication: 19 October 2021
Mussa Abdulla Ameir
Department of Public Relations and Publicity, Kocaeli University, Turkey
[1] Bannister, J.P and Saunders, J, A. (1978) UK Consumers’ Attitudes towards Imports: The Measurement of National Stereotype Image. European Journal of Marketing. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EUM0000000004982.
[2] Basha, H. () Digital Diplomacy for Image Building and Nation Branding: The Ethiopian Context https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321488296.
[3] Buhmann, A, & Ingenhoff, D. (2015).The 4D-Model of the country image: Integrative approach from the perspective of communication management. In: International Communication Gazette. 77 (1), pp. 102–124. Doi:10.1177/ 1748048514556986.
[4] Cha, M., Haddadi, H., Benevenuto, F., & Gummadi, K. (2010). Measuring user influence in Twitter: The million-follower fallacy. Paper presented at the 4th International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM’10), Washington DC.
[5] David, O. and Bar-Tal, D. (2009), “A socio-psychological conception of collective identity: the case of national identity as an example”, Personality and Social Psychology Review, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 354-379.
[6] Gregory, B. (2008). Public Diplomacy: Sunrise of an Academic Field. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 616(1), 274–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716207311723
[7] Jansen, J. Zhang, M & Chowdhury, A. (2011). Business engagement on Twitter: A path analysis. Electronic Markets. 21. 161-175. 10.1007/s12525-011-0065-z.
[8] Kampf, R., Manor, I. & Segev, E., (2015) Digital Diplomacy 2.0? A Cross-national Comparison of Public Engagement on Facebook and Twitter the Hague Journal of Diplomacy Volume 10, Issue 4, 2015.
[9] Leonard, M., Stead, C and Smewing, C. (2002). Public Diplomacy. London: Foreign Policy Centre. Geography. Socio-economic Series, No. 24, Toruń: Nicolaus Copernicus University
[10] Muhammad, I. (2016). Localization of Digital Public Diplomacy Messaging: An Effective Practice, Amplifying the Impact of Soft Power (Examples from the Middle East) DO 10.13140/RG.2.1.1375.5286.
[11] Ndoye, I. (2009) Crafting the Image of Nations in Foreign Audiences: How Developing Countries Use Public Diplomacy and Public Relations: Retrieved 25.01.2020 from https://instituteforpr.org/third-world-diplomacy/.
[12] Ozkan, M. & Akgun, B., (2010). Turkey’s opening to Africa: The Journal of Modern African Studies: DOI: 10.1017/s0022278x10000595
[13] Renken, W., (2014). Social Media Use in Public Diplomacy A case study of the German missions’ Facebook use MSc Thesis MSc in Strategic Public Relations jointly delivered by the University of Stirling and Lund University.
[14] Rudincova, K., 2014: New player on the scene: Turkish engagement in Africa. In: Bulletin of Press, pp. 197–213. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2014-0039.
[15] Sevin, E. (2018). Digital Diplomacy as Crisis Communication: Turkish Digital Outreach after July 15 Journal of Democracy, https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2017.0006.
[16] Sevin, F., & Ingenhoff, D. (2018). Public Diplomacy on Social Media: Analyzing Networks and Content. International Journal of Communication 12(2018), 3663–3685.
[17] Summa, G. (2020). ‘We the People’ in the Twitter Age: Digital Diplomacy and the Social Legitimacy of the United Nations: London School of Economics and Political Science (“LSE”), Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE.
[18] Szondi, G. (2008). Public Diplomacy and Nation Branding: Conceptual Similarities and Differences. Discussion Papers in Diplomacy. clingendael.nl/publications/2008/20081022.
[19] Tarasheva, E. (2014). The Image of a Country created by International Media: The Case of Bulgaria: Cambridge scholars publishing 9781443859011. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265729522.
[20] Yun, S, H., & Toth, E, L. (2009). Future Sociological Public Diplomacy and the Role of Public Relations: Evolution of Public Diplomacy: SAGE Publications Reprints and permission: http://www. DOI: 10.1177/0002764209347626.
Mussa Abdulla Ameir, “The Use of Twitter for Diplomatic Mission and Image Portrayal: Case Study Turkish Embassies in Africa” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.727-736 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5944
Download PDF
Communication between Mother-Adolescent Daughter about Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Cross Sectional Study at Rangpur, Bangladesh
Md. Sarwar Ahmad; Md. Rahmatullah and Dilruba Akter – September 2021 – Page No.: 737-744
The aim of the study was to examine the level of communication between mother-adolescent daughter regarding sexual and reproductive health in Rangpur Division of Bangladesh. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among four high school students attending at class 9 and class 10 in Rangpur Division. The researchers utilized Bandura’s (1977) social learning theory as theoretical framework, purposive and random sampling as sampling strategy in the study. Using a standardized and self-administered questionnaire, information was collected. Microsoft (MS) Excel and SPSS v. 25 were used to analyze the collected data. More than one-third of the students (33.80%) had a poor communication status with mother regarding reproductive health issues. Other findings include: 77.78% students had a regular discussion with their mothers, 57.41% mentioned a few contents had been covered in the discussion, and 36.11% students had been experienced with one-sided interaction about this.The subjects of mother-daughter interaction were often limited to issues involving the menstrual cycle. Mothers were the principal source of reproductive health information and the first point of communication after the period. The subjects covered in the communication on mother-to-girl reproductive health were limited to period-related queries but the overall communications status between teens and their moms on the reproductive health problem was high. It is crucial to improve sexual and reproductive health/wellness education programs by integrating them into textbooks and implementing behavioral change communication (BCC) elements.
Page(s): 737-744 Date of Publication: 19 October 2021
Md. Sarwar Ahmad
Communication Studies Department, Universitas Pembangunan Veteran, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Ririn Puspita Tutiasri
Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication and Journalism, Begum Rokeya University, Ranpur, Bangladesh.
Md. Rahmatullah
Lecturer, Department of Mass Communication and Journalism, Begum Rokeya University, Ranpur, Bangladesh.
Dilruba Akter
Senior Lecturer, Department of Journalism & Media Studies, Port City International University, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
[1] Afifi, T., Joseph, A., &Aldeis, D. (2008). Why can’t we just talk about it? : An observational study of parents’ and adolescents’ conversations about sex. Journalof Adolescent Research, 23(6), 689-721. doi: 10.1177/0743558408323841
[2] Alam, S. (2015). Factors that influence women’s decision in contraceptive use in urban area in Bangladesh. The Journal of Social Studies, 146, 45-59.
[3] Ayalew, M., Mengistie, B., &Semahegn, A. (2014). Adolescent-parent communication on sexual and reproductive health issues among high school students in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia: a cross sectional study,11(77). doi:10.1186/1742-4755-11-77
[4] Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
[5] Bandura, A. (1997). The anatomy of stages of change. American Journal of Health Promotion. 12(1), 8-10. PMID:10170438
[6] Barnett, B., &Schueller, J. (2000). Meeting the Needs of Young Clients: A Guide to Providing Reproductive Health Services to Adolescents. North Carolina: Family Health International.
[7] Bastien, S., Kajula, L., &Muhwezi, W. (2011). A review of studies of parent-child communication about sexuality and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Reproductive Health, doi:10.1186/1742-4755-8-25
[8] Bastien, S., Leshabari, M. T, &Klepp, K. I.(2009)Exposure to information and communication about HIV/AIDS and perceived credibility of information sources among young people in northern Tanzania, African Journal of AIDS Research,8(2),213-222,doi: 10.2989/AJAR.2009.8.2.9.861
[9] Berry, D. (2007). Health Communication: Theory and Practice. Berkshire: Open University Press, McGraw-Hill Education.
[10] Burleson, B. R., Metts, S., &Kirch, M. W. (2000). Communication in closer relationships. In C. Hendrik & S. S. Hendrick (Eds.), Close relationships: A sourcebook (pp.245-258). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[11] Clawson, C. L., & Reese-Weber, M. (2003). The amount and time of parent-adolescent sexual communication as predictors of late adolescent sexual risk-taking behaviors. Journal of Sex Research, 40, 256-265. doi: 10.1080/00224490309552190
[12] Crichton, J., Ibisomi, L., & Gyimah, S. O. (2012). Mother-daughter communication about sexual maturation, abstinence and unintended pregnancy: Experiences from an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Adolescence, 35, 21-30. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.06.008
[13] Crohn, H. (2010). Communication about sexuality with mothers and stepmothers from the perspective of young adult daughters. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 51(6), 348-365. doi: 10.1080/10502551003652108
[14] Davis, A., Gahagan, J., & George, C. (2013). ‘Everyone just keeps their eyes closed and their fingers crossed’: Sexual health communication among black parents and children in Nova Scotia, Canada. International Journal for Equity in Health, 12(1), 55-65. doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-12-55
[15] Dennis, A., & Wood, J. (2012). We’re not going to have this conversation, but you get it: Black mother-daughter communication about sexual relations. Women’s Studies in Communication, 35(2), 204-223.
[16] Dessie, Y, Berhane, Y, &Worku, A. (2015). Parent-Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Communication Is Very Limited and Associated with Adolescent Poor Behavioral Beliefs and Subjective Norms: Evidence from a Community Based Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 10(7). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0129941
[17] Dilorio, C., Kelley, M., & Hockenberry-Eaton, M. (1999). Communication about sexual issues: mothers, fathers, and friends. Journal of Adolescent Health, 24(3), 181-189. doi: 10.1016/S1054-139X(98)00115-3
[18] Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS). (2016). Health Bulletin 2016. Dhaka: MIS. Management Information System, DGHS, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh.
[19] Downing, J., Jones, L., Bates, G., Sumnall, H., &Bellis, M. A. (2011). A systematic review of parent and family-based intervention effectiveness on sexual outcomes in young people. Health Educ Res, 26(5), 808-33. doi: 10.1093/her/cyr019
[20] Eisenberg, M. E., Sieving, R. E., Bearinger, L. H., Swain, C., & Resnick, M. D. (2006). Parents’ communication with adolescents about sexual behavior: a missed opportunity for prevention? Journal of Youth Adolescence,35, 893-902. doi: 10.1007/s10964-006-9093-y
[21] Fanta, M., Lemma, S., Sagaro, G. G., & Meskele, M. (2016). Factors associated with adolescent-parent communication regarding reproductive health issues, among high school and preparatory students in Boditi town, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Patient Intelligence, 8, 57-70. doi: 10.2147/PI.S97838
[22] Feldman, S. S., Rosenthal, D. A. (2000). The Effect of Communication Characteristics on Family Members’ Perceptions of Parents as Sex Educators. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 10, 119-150. doi: 10.1177/0017896911398817
[23] Gamble, T. k. and Gamble, M. (2015). Communication Works (8th ed.), New York: McGraw Hill. Glanz, K., Rimer, B. K., & Lewis, F. M. (2002). Health Behavior and Health Education.Theory, Researchand Practice. San Francisco: Wiley & Sons.
[24] Hugman, B. (2009). Healthcare Communication. London: Pharmaceutical Press.
[25] Jerman, P., & Constantine, N. (2010). Demographic and psychological predictors of parent-adolescent communication about sex: A representative statewide analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(10), 1164-1174. doi: 10.1007/s10964-010-9546-1
[26] Jordan, T. R., Price, J., & Fitzgerald, S. (2000). Rural Parents’ Communication With Their Teen-agers About Sexual Issues. Journal of School Health, 70(8), 338-344. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2000.tb07269.x
[27] Khan, M. E., Townsend, J. W., &D’Costa, S. (2002). A Qualitative Study of Sexual Behaviour of Married Women in Bangladesh. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 4(2), 237-256. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4005270
[28] Kim, Y.M., Kols, A., Nyakauru, R., Marangwande, C., & Chibatamoto, P. (2001). Promoting Sexual Responsibility Among Young People in Zimbabwe. International Family Planning Perspectives,27(1), 11-19. doi: 10.2307/2673800
[29] Jaccard, J., &Dittus, P. (1993). Parent-adolescent communication about premarital pregnancy. Families in Society, 74(6), 329-343. Retrieved from http://www.popline.org/node/331992
[30] Jejeebhoy, S. J., & Santhya, K. G. (2011). Parent-child communication on sexual and reproductive health matters: Perspectives of mothers and fathers of youth in India. New Delhi: Population Council.
[31] Kiragu, K., Obwaka, E., Odallo, D., & Van Hulzen, C. (1996). Communicating about sex: Adolescents and parents in Kenya. AIDS & STDS Health Promotion Exchange, 3, 11-13. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12291986
[32] Lefkowitz, E. (2002). Beyond the Yes-No Question: Measuring Parent-Adolescent Communication about Sex. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 97, 43-56. doi: 10.1002/cd.49
[33] Lefkowitz, E., & Espinosa-Hernandez, G. (2007). Sex-related communication with mothers and close friends during the transition to University. The Journal of Sex Research, 44(1), 17-27. doi: 10.1080/00224490709336789
[34] Lefkowitz, E., & Stoppa, T. (2006). Positive sexual communication and socialization in the parent adolescent context. New Direct Child Adolescent Dev, 12, 39-55. doi: 10.1002/cd.161
[35] Lesta, S., Lazarus, J. V., & Essen, B. (2008). Young Cypriots on sex education: Sources and adequacy of information received on sexuality issues. Sex Education: Sexuality, Society and Learning, 8(2), 237-246. doi: 10.1080/14681810801981381
[36] Lisa, D. L. (2006). Early predictors of sexual behavior: implications for young adolescents and their parents. Perspect Sex Reprod Health, 38(2):112-114. Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/pubs/journals/3811206.pdf
[37] Looze, M., Constantine, N., Jerman, P., Vermeulen-Smit, E, & Bogt, T. (2015). Parent-Adolescent Sexual Communication and Its Association With Adolescent Sexual Behaviors: A Nationally Representative Analysis in the Netherlands, The Journal of Sex Research,52:3,257-268,doi: 10.1080/00224499.2013.858307
[38] Manu, A., Mba, C. J., Asare, G. Q., Odoi-Agyarko, K., Asants, R. K. O. (2015). Parent-child communication about sexual and reproductive health: evidence from the BrongAhafo region, Ghana. Reproductive Health, 12(16). doi: 10.1186/s12978-015-0003-1
[39] Melaku, Y. A., Berhane, Y., Kinsman, J., &Reda, H. L. (2014). Sexual and reproductive health communication and awareness of contraceptive methods among secondary school female students, northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 14(252). doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-252
[40] Namisi, F., Flisher, A., Overland, S., Bastien, S., Onya, H., Kaaya, S., &Aaro, L. (2008). Sociodemographic variations in communication on sexuality and HIV/AIDS with parents, family members and teachers among in-school adolescents: A multisite study in Tanzania and South Africa. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health,37(2), 65-74. doi: 10.1177/1403494808086986
[41] Nolin, M. J., & Peterson, K. K. (1992). Gender differences in parent-child communication about sexuality: An exploratory study. Journal of Adolescent Research, 7(1), 59-79. doi: 10.1177/074355489271005
[42] Nobelius, Ann-Maree, B., Kalina, R., Pool, J., Whitworth, J., Chesters, & Power, R. (2010). Sexual and reproductive health information sources preferred by out-of-school adolescents in rural southwest Uganda. Sex Education: Sexuality, Society and Learning, 10(1), 91-107. doi: 10.1080/14681810903491438
[43] Parraga, I. M. (1990). Determinants of Food Consumption. Journal of American Dietetic Association, 90, 661-663.Retrieved from https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19901451543
[44] Phetla, G., Busza, J., Hargreaves, J., Pronyk, P., Kim, J., Morison, L., Watts, C., & Porter, J. (2008). ‘They have opened our mouths’: Increasing women’s skills and motivation for sexual communication with young people in rural South Africa. AIDS Education and Prevention, 20(6), 504-518. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2008.20.6.504
[45] Richter, L. M. (2006). Studying adolescence. Science, 312, 1902–1905. doi: 10.1126/science.1127489
[46] Rogers, E. M. (1973). Communication Strategies for Family Planning. New York: Free Press.
[47] Rosenthal, D. A., Feldman, S., & Edwards, D. (1998). Mum’s the word: Mothers’ perspectives on communication about sexuality with adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 21(6), 727-743. doi: 10.1006/jado.1998.0192
[48] Rosenthal, D. A., Russell, J., & Thomson, G. (2008). The health and wellbeing of international students at an Australian university. Higher Education, 55(51). doi:10.1007/s10734-006-9037-1
[49] Rosenthal, D. A., & Shirley, F. S. (1999). The importance of importance: adolescents’ perceptions of parental communication about sexuality. J Adolesc,22(6), 835-851. doi: 10.1006/jado.1999.0279
[50] Schiavo, R. (2007). Health Communication: From Theory to Practice. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
[51] Shaikh, B. T., & Rahim, S. T. (2006). Assessing knowledge, exploring needs: A reproductive health survey of adolescents and young adults in Pakistan,” European Journal of Contraception& Reproductive Health Care 11(2): 132–137. doi.org/10.1080/13625180500389463
[52] Shinn, L., & Lauren, M. (2005). The role of gender and social class in parent-child communication. MA. The Faculty of the graduate school. The University of NorthCarolina at Greensboro. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/umi-uncg-1081.pdf
[53] Sprecher, S., Harris, G., & Meyers, A. (2008). Perceptions of sources of sex education and targets of sex communication: Sociodemographic and cohort effects. Journal of Sex Research, 45(1), 17-26. doi: 10.1080/00224490701629522
[54] Stidham-Hall, K., Moreau, C., & Trussell, J. (2012). Patterns and Correlates of Parental and Formal Sexual and Reproductive Health Communication for Adolescent Women in the United States, 2002-2008. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50, 410-413. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.06.007
[55] Tesso, D. W., Fantahun, M. A., & Enquselassie, F. (2012). Parent-young people communication about sexual and reproductive health in E/Wollega zone, West Ethiopia: Implications for interventions. Reproductive Health, 9(13), doi:10.1186/1742-4755-9-13
[56] Thomas, R. K. (2006). Health Communication. New York: Springer.
[57] Walker, J. L. (2001). A qualitative study of parents’ experiences of providing sex education for their children: The implications for health education. Health Education Journal, 60(2), 132-146. doi: 10.1177/001789690106000205
[58] Wamoyi, J., Fenwick, A., Urassa, M., Zaba, B., & Stones, W. (2010). Parent-child communication about sexual and reproductive health in rural Tanzania: Implications for young people’s sexual health interventions. Reproductive Health, 7(1), 1-18. doi: 10.1186/1742-4755-7-6
[59] Wikipedia. (2018a). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur_Division
[60] Wikipedia. (2018b). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangpur
[61] Wimmer, R. D & Dominick, J.R(2011), Mass Media Research: An Introduction, Wadsworth Cengage Learning, USA, P-94.
[62] World Health Organization (WHO). (2003). Early Childhood Development: A Powerful Equalizer. Geneva Switzerland: WHO. http://www.who.int/topics/adolescent_health/en/
[63] Yousri, Y., & Mamdouh, H. M. (2013). Mother–Daughter Communication about Sexual and Reproductive Health in Alexandria, Egypt. In Nahla, A. T., Sally, S., & Nora, E. l. N. (Eds.). 2013. “Breaking the Silence: Learning about Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health in Egypt.” Cairo: Population Council.
[64] Zakaria, M., &Azim, S. (2016). Couple Communication on Family Planning: A Study on Wives’ Responses from Urban and Rural Bangladesh. Social Science Review [The Dhaka University Studies: Part-D], 33(1), 155-170.
[65] Zakaria, M., &Bhuiyan, M. M. (2016). Determinants of Male Involvement in Women’s Reproductive Health: A Multilevel Study in Bangladesh. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 16(3), 211-218
Md. Sarwar Ahmad; Md. Rahmatullah and Dilruba Akter, “Communication between Mother-Adolescent Daughter about Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Cross Sectional Study at Rangpur, Bangladesh” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.737-744 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5945
Download PDF
Plights of Women Construction Workers in Bangladesh
Md. Ashraful Alam – September 2021 – Page No.: 745-750
The construction industry plays an important role in the economic development of a country like Bangladesh. In recent years, the sector has experienced considerable growth, resulting in the creation of numerous jobs. Currently, men and women are working in this sector, which is a very favorable aspect. However, construction workers in Bangladesh, particularly women workers, are exposed to hazardous conditions on many construction sites and face a variety of challenges, including low wages or wage discrimination, a lack of safety, and abuse. Keeping this in mind, the study was conducted to look into the plight of women construction workers highlighting the issues they encountered at work. Following the qualitative study method data were collected from 10 women workers through in-depth case interviews. The study found that most of the women working in the construction sector are untrained and employed as helpers. They are not given any appointment letters, everything is determined verbally. They are facing discrimination and injustice in various ways such as long working hours, lower wages than the male workers, lack of safety measures, medical care facilities, etc. In addition, male coworkers and superiors have also exposed them to various sorts of mental and even sexual harassment. It is expected that the findings of this study would help in understanding at least some of the major issues regarding their plight, as well as establishing and protecting the human rights of women construction workers.
Page(s): 745-750 Date of Publication: 19 October 2021
Md. Ashraful Alam
Associate Professor, Institute of Social Welfare and Research, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Abdullah, R. (2008). Occupational stress , social and family difficulties and job contentment of working women : Bangladesh perspective. 3(1).
[2] Ahmed, I. (2014). Factors in building resilience in urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. 4th International Conference on Building Resilience, Building Resilience 2014, 8-10 September 2014, Salford Quays, United Kingdom. http://theogm.com/2015/02/17/the-digital-technological-revolution-and-its-impact-on-the-construction-industry/
[3] Ahmed, S. (2019). Causes of Accident at Construction Sites in Bangladesh. Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: An International Journal, 11(1), 1933–1951. https://doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2019-0003
[4] Ahmed, S., Sobuz, H. R., & Haque, I. (2018). Accidents on Construction Sites in Bangladesh : a Review. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development, February, 1–8.
[5] Akhter, S., Rutherford, S., & Chu, C. (2019). Sufferings in silence: Violence against female workers in the ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh: A qualitative exploration. Women’s Health, 15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745506519891302
[6] Barnabas, A., Joseph Anbarasu, D., & Clifford Paul, S. (2009). A study on the empowerment of women construction workers as masons in Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of International Women’s Studies, 11(2), 121–141.
[7] Bhuiyan, M. S. I., Sikder, M. S., Wadud, F., Ahmed, S., & Faruq, M. O. (2016). Pattern of occupational skin diseases among construction workers in Dhaka city. Bangladesh Medical Journal, 44(1), 11–15. https://doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v44i1.26338
[8] BILS. (2015). Occupational Safety and Health In Bangladesh: National Profile. Bangladesh Institute of Labour Studies-BILS.
[9] Biswas, V. K. (2014). Socio-Economic Background of Construction Workers: A Study on Dhaka City. World Vision, 8(1), 1–10. http://bv-f.org/WV-08/08. WV Final.pdf
[10] Chowdhury, N. (1986). REVALUATION OF WOMEN ’ S WORK IN BANGLADESH Nuimuddin Chowdhury *. June, 1–28.
[11] devi, K. (2013). Status of Female Workers in Construction Industry in India: A Review. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 14(4), 27–30. https://doi.org/10.9790/1959-1442730
[12] Fidh/Odhikar. (2018). Systematic violations of labor rights in the construction and garment sectors in Bangladesh.
[13] General Economics Division. (2020). Bangladesh – Voluntary National Reviews (VNRs) 2020. Ministry of Planning, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, June, 201.
[14] Hausmann, R., Tyson, L. D., & Zahidi, S. (2008). Global Gender Gap Report 2008. papers2://publication/uuid/BA7EA38E-351D-450B-A186-7B7C581087DF
[15] Hossain, J. B., & Kusakabe, K. (2005). Sex segregation in construction organizations in Bangladesh and Thailand. Construction Management and Economics, 23(6), 609–619. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190500127062
[16] Hossain, M. M., & Ahmed, S. (2018). A case study on safety assessment of construction project in Bangladesh. Journal of Construction Engineering, Management & Innovation, 1(4), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.31462/jcemi.2018.04147156
[17] Jamal, M. U. A. M. (2015). Safety Management Issues in Construction Industry of Bangladesh. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DHAKA, BANGLADESH.
[18] Rahman, M. S., Karmaker, C. L., Roy, R., & Ahmed, S. M. T. (2020). Prevalence of Accidental Injuries among Building Construction Workers in Bangladesh. Current World Environment, 15(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.15.1.07
[19] Rajanna, K. A. (2015). Nature of Work , Working Conditions and Problems of Women Construction Workers : A Case Study. International Journal of Business Quantitative Economics and Applied Management Research, 1(9), 70–85.
[20] Shah, K. R., & Tiwari, R. R. (2010). Occupational skin problems in construction workers. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 55(4), 348–351. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.74537
[21] Sourav, M. R. I. (2019). Construction Workers’ Rights and Safety: An Unsung Issue in Bangladesh. Judicial Administration Training Institute Judicial Administration Training Institute, XVIII.
[22] Sultana, N., Ferdousi, J., & Shahidullah, M. (2015). Health Problems among Women Building Construction Workers. Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist, 9(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22793
[23] WHO. (2011). Building healthy and equitable workplaces for women and men: a resource for employers and worker representatives.
Md. Ashraful Alam “Plights of Women Construction Workers in Bangladesh” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.745-750 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5946
Download PDF
Rejigging Handiwork and Craft Education in Secondary Schools in Obudu L. G. A. of Cross River State Nigeria: An Intervention Strategy for Poverty Reduction, Economic Empowerment and Insecurity
Abel White Iheagwam, Julius Undiukeye Adie & Willie Stephen Eteng – September 2021 – Page No.: 751-756
The importance of the re-introduction of handiwork/craft Education in our secondary school system cannot be over emphasized. This study therefore Investigated how the rejigging of handiwork/craft Education in secondary schools can serve as an intervention strategy in reducing the level of poverty, ensure economic empowerment and guarantee adequate security of lives and property in Obudu Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve the purpose of this study, three research questions were posed, survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was all the junior secondary school students in the Local Government Area numbering about three thousand eight hundred and sixty (3860) students. The sample size was five hundred (500) students randomly selected from the population. The questionnaire was used for data collection, and the data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. The result obtained from data analysis revealed that rejigging handiwork/craft Education will help in promoting poverty alleviation, tackle insecurity and economic empowerment. Based on the result of findings, it was recommended among others that the teaching of handiwork/craft Education as a subject should be made compulsory in all secondary schools in Cross River State, as this will empower students economically.
Page(s): 751-756 Date of Publication: 19 October 2021
Abel White Iheagwam
Department of Educational Foundations, Federal College of Education, Obudu, Cross River State, Nigeria
Julius Undiukeye Adie
Department of Educational Foundations, Federal College of Education, Obudu, Cross River State, Nigeria
Willie Stephen Eteng
Department of Educational Foundations, Federal College of Education, Obudu, Cross River State, Nigeria
[1] Ahamad, F. and Yasmin, E. (2012). Impact of turmoil on the handicraft sector of Jammu and Kashmir. An economic analysis. International NGO Journal. 7 (5), 78-83. Retrived online. DOI: 10.5897/INGOJ12.020.
[2] Bennell, P.(2007). Promoting livelihood opportunities for rural youths. Knowledge and skills for development. Accessed from http://www.ifad.org/events/gc/30/roundtable/youth/benell.pdf.
[3] Eggleston, J. (2000).Learning through making: the crafts council Research. In J. Eggleston (Ed.), Teaching and learning Design and Technology. (134-146) Continuum: London.
[4] Ferreria, F.H. and Lanjouw, P.(2001). Rural nonfarm activities and poverty in the Brazilian northeast. World Development, 29(3), 509-528.
[5] Kappus, M. (2012). Understanding the impact of handicraft cooperative participation on livelihood strategy(asset accumulation and resiliency) among women: A quantitative case study from Kigali, Rwanda. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Lund University.
[6] Marchand, T.H.J. (2008).Muscles, morals, and mind: craft apprenticeship and the formation of person. British Journal of Educational Studies, 56(3), 245-271.
[7] Pollanen, S. (2013). Homing and downshifting through crafts. In U. Harkonen (Ed).Reorientation of teacher education towards sustainability through theory and practice. Proceedings of the 10th International JTEFS/BBCC Conference. Sustainable development. Culture. Education. (275-290).Kopijyva Oy: Joensuu.
[8] Rogerson, C.M. and Shithole, P.M.(2001). Rural handicraft production in Mpumalanga, South Africa: organisation, problems and support needs. South African Geographical Journal. 83, 149-158.
[9] Sood, A. (2002). Crafts as a sustainable livelihood option in rural India. Unpublished doctoral dissertation proposal. University of London, England. Accessed at http://www.livelihoods.org/lessons/Thematic/Craft_diss.doc.
[10] Szydlowski, R.A. (2008).Expansion of the Vietnamese handicraft industry: From local to global. Unpublished Master’s thesis, center for international studies of Ohio University. Retrived from file:///C:/Users/OyekunleOA/Downloads/ohiou1218497546.pdf.
[11] United Nations World Tourism Organisation. (2008). Tourism and handicrafts. Madrid, Spain Retrived from https;//pub.unwto.org/WebRoot/Store/Shops/Infoshop/4947/9D4A/39DI/F45C/D0A6/C0A8/0164/8IC3/081216_turismo_religioso_cordoba_exerpt.pdgf.
Abel White Iheagwam, Julius Undiukeye Adie & Willie Stephen Eteng, “Rejigging Handiwork and Craft Education in Secondary Schools in Obudu L. G. A. of Cross River State Nigeria: An Intervention Strategy for Poverty Reduction, Economic Empowerment and Insecurity” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.751-756 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5947
Download PDF
Terrorist networks in Nigeria: Media perspectives
Egielewa, Peter Eshioke, PhD, Adejumo, Ifeoluwa Mary – September 2021 – Page No.: 757-766
Since the 2000s Nigeria has increasingly been confronted by a multi-faceted deadly terrorist onslaught on the country leading to the death of over 30, 000 Nigerians with Boko Haram continuing to dominate the terrorist landscape in Nigeria and the last five years expanding to neighbouring African countries of Cameroon, Chad and Niger, thus prompting the formation of an African region-wide anti-terrorism military operation in 2015. This article examines the notion of terrorism, the history of terrorism in Nigeria, the different types of terrorist networks operating in Nigeria, the causes of terrorism, the role of the media in terrorism and recommendations for ending terrorism in Nigeria.
Page(s): 757-766 Date of Publication: 19 October 2021
Egielewa, Peter Eshioke, PhD
Department of Mass Communication, Edo State University Uzairue, Nigeria
Adejumo, Ifeoluwa Mary
Department of Peace Studies and Conflict Resolution, National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
[1] Adeniji, G. & Egielewa, P. (2020). The Shiite uprising in Nigeria and implications for Nigeria’s relations with Iran: Role of the media. Ife Social Sciences Review, 28(1), 105-119
[2] Africa News. (2021). Fresh charges filed by Govt authorities against Nigeria’s Shiite leader Ibrahim El-Zakzaky. https://www.africanews.com/2021/07/31/fresh-charges-filed-by-govt-authorities-against-nigeria-s-shiite-leader-ibrahim-el-zakzaky//
[3] Aiyesimoju, A. B. (2015). Curbing Insurgencies in Nigeria: Roles for the Media. Developing Country Studies, 5(2), 18-29.
[4] Anadolu Agency. (2020). 5 Nigerian soldiers killed in Boko Haram attack. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/5-nigerian-soldiers-killed-in-boko-haram-attack/2083564#
[5] BBC News. (2012, April 26). Nigeria’s ThisDay newspaper hit by Abuja and Kaduna blasts. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-17856362
[6] BBC News. (2014, April 14). Nigeria bombs: Seventy killed in Abuja bus station blasts. https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-27018985
[7] Burgess, M. (2015). A brief History of terrorism. https://www.pogo.org/investigation/2015/02/brief-history-of-terrorism/
[8] Butler, T. (2015). What Causes Terrorism? https://www.mckendree.edu/academics/scholars/butler-issue-25.pdf
[9] Chothia, F. (2013). Profile: Who are Nigeria’s Ansaru Islamists? BBC Africa. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-21510767
[10] Council on Foreign Relations, CFR. (2021). Boko Haram in Nigeria. https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/boko-haram-nigeria
[11] Counter Extremism Project. (2011). Nigeria: Extremism & Counter-Extremism. https://www.counterextremism.com/countries/nigeria
[12] Dawson, M., Kisku, D. R., Gupta, P., Sing, J. K., & Li, W. (2017). Developing next generation countermeasures for homeland security threat prevention. IGI Global.
[13] Dudley, D. (2018). The deadliest terrorist groups in the world today. https://www.forbes.com/sites/dominicdudley/2018/12/05/deadliest-terrorist-groups-in-the-world/?sh=a3d549e2b3e3
[14] Eastern Kentucky University. (2020). Definition, history, and types of terrorism. https://ekuonline.eku.edu/homeland-security/definition-history-and-types-terrorism
[15] Egielewa, P. E. (2019). Ibo self-determination efforts and media (mis)representation. International Journal of Media, Security and Development, IJMSD, 5(1), 3-18.
[16] Egielewa, P. E. & Okili, W. M. (2020). Ethno-religious crises and mass media reporting in the political development of Nigeria. Journal of Religion and Culture, 20(1), 212-222.
[17] Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2020, February 26). Boko Haram. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Boko-Haram
[18] Gov.uk. (n.d.). Foreign travel advice: Nigeria. https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/nigeria/terrorism
[19] Guitta, O. & Simcox, R. (2014). Terrorism in Nigeria: The Threat from Boko Haram and Ansaru. The Henry Jackson Society.
[20] Hossain, S. (2018). Social Media and Terrorism: Threats and Challenges to the Modern Era. South Asian Survey, 22(2), 136–155.
[21] Human Rights Watch, HRW. (2012). Spiraling violence: Boko Haram attacks and security force abuses in Nigeria. https://www.hrw.org/report/2012/10/11/spiraling-violence/boko-haram-attacks-and-security-force-abuses-nigeria
[22] Imhonopi, D. & Ugochukwu, M. U. (2016). The spectre of terrorism and Nigeria’s industrial development: A multi-stakeholder imperative. African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies, AJCJS, 9(1), 20-40.
[23] Imhonopi, D. & Urim, U. M. (2016). The spectre of terrorism and Nigeria’s industrial development: a multi-stakeholder imperative. African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies, AJCJS, 9(1), 20-40.
[24] Institute for Economics & Peace. (2020a). 2020 Global Terrorism Index: Deaths from terrorism reach five-year low, but new risks emerge. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/2020-global-terrorism-index-deaths-from-terrorism-reach-five-year-low-but-new-risks-emerge-301175939.html
[25] Institute for Economics & Peace. (2020b). Global terrorism index 2020: Measuring the impact of terrorism. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/2020-global-terrorism-index-deaths-from-terrorism-reach-five-year-low-but-new-risks-emerge-301175939.html
[26] Malefakis, M. A. (2019). Social Media Dynamics in Boko Haram’s Terrorist Insurgence. Toda Peace Institute, Policy Brief No. 50, 1-15. https://toda.org/assets/files/resources/policy-briefs/t-pb-50_medinat-a.-malefakis_social-media-dynamics-and-boko-harams-terrorist-insurgence.pdf
[27] Omede, J. & Omede, A. A. (2015). Terrorism and Insecurity in Nigeria: Moral, Values and Religious Education as Panaceas. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(11), 120-126.
[28] Omego, C. U. (2015). The Role of the Mass Media in the Fight against Terrorism and the Instrumental Use of Women in Boko Haram Insurgence in Nigeria. An International Journal of Language, Literature and Gender Studies (LALIGENS), 4(2), 78-96.
[29] PennState.(n.d). Case study: Terrorist usage of social media. https://psu.pb.unizin.org/ist110/chapter/10-4-case-study-terrorist-usage-of-social-media/
[30] Popoola, I. S. (2016). Press and Terrorism in Nigeria: A Discourse on Boko Haram. Global Media Journal, 6(1), 43-66.
[31] Rand Corporation. (n.d). Social media in Africa presents double-edged sword for security and development. https://www.rand.org/randeurope/research/projects/social-media-in-africa.html
[32] Slutzker, J. (2018). The online frontline: Inside Boko Haram’s social media and a movement to push back. https://www.creativeassociatesinternational.com/stories/the-online-frontline-inside-boko-harams-social-media-and-the-movement-to-push-back/
[33] Statista.com. (2020). Terrorism: Facts and statistics. https://www.statista.com/topics/2267/terrorism/
[34] Tangaza, H. S. (2019). Islamic Movement in Nigeria: The Iranian-inspired Shia group, BBC Africa. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-49175639#:~:text=What%20is%20the%20IMN%3F,Shah%20in%20a%20popular%20uprising.
[35] United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, UNODC. (2021). Incitement to Terrorism through the Media: UNODC organizes workshop on anti-terror law for Journalists, Security Agencies. https://www.unodc.org/nigeria/en/incitement-to-terrorism-through-the-media_-unodc-organizes-workshop-on-anti-terror-law-for-journalists–security-agencies.html
[36] United States Institute of Peace (n.d). Teaching Guide on International Terrorism: Definitions, Causes, and Responses. https://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/terrorism.pdf
[37] White, J. (2020). Terrorism and the mass media. Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies. https://rusi.org/sites/default/files/terrorism_and_the_mass_media_final_web_version.pdf
[38] Wilson, F., Lemdi, E. & Wilson, J. (2019). Social Media, Violent Extremism, Conflict and Terrorism in Nigeria. Journal of Analog and Digital Communications Volume, 4(1), 21-30.
[39] Yusuf, K. (2021). TIMELINE: Ibrahim El-Zakzaky’s long road to freedom. https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/477003-timeline-ibrahim-el-zakzakys-long-road-to-freedom.html
Egielewa, Peter Eshioke, PhD, Adejumo, Ifeoluwa Mary, “Terrorist networks in Nigeria: Media perspectives” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.757-766 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/757-766.pdf
Download PDF
Social Policies and Poverty Reduction in Africa: Nigeria in focus
Christiana U. Ekong, Uduak Isaac Effiong, Uduak M. Ekong, PhD – September 2021 – Page No.: 767-774
One of the daunting challenges in the development of human capital and the general wellbeing of the people is the rising incidence of poverty across regions. Many policies and strategies have been adopted to address this challenge. In this paper, we explore all such social policies adopted to tackle poverty incidence in Africa using Nigeria as a focal point. In particular, we reviews nine social policies employed by the Nigerian government to reduced poverty in Nigeria and accesses their outcomes. Our outcome expresses mixed feelings on the performance of social policies in poverty reduction in Nigeria. Specifically, while implementers advocate for successes of the programmes, the beneficiaries pointed to non-effectiveness of the programmes due to noticeable challenges peculiar to the sub region. However, the African sub-region, including Nigeria, benefits fully from conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes of social policies across poverty line and multi-dimensions in dipping poverty across all strata of the African society. We recommend strengthening social policy integration among competing policies as an onion in ensuring social policies-poverty reduction synthesis in the African region.
Page(s): 767-774 Date of Publication: 19 October 2021
Christiana U. Ekong
LeMeridienIbom Hotels and Golf Resort, Uyo, Nigeria
Uduak Isaac Effiong
Ministry of Economic Development Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Uduak M. Ekong, PhD
Department of Economics Faculty of Social Sciences University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
[1] Adofu, I. and Ocheja, A. (2013). Alleviating Poverty through the use of Entrepreneurship Skill Acquisition in Kogi State, Nigeria, International Open Journal of Economics, 1(2): 14-23.
[2] Akinleye, O., Akinola, O., Akinrimisi, A., Shadare, S. and Shadare, G. (2019). What have we learnt from ten years of Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Programmes in Nigeria? Evidence and Lessons from two independent studies, In: CROP Poverty Brief, Mobilizing critical research for preventing and eradicating poverty, 52: 1-4 www.crop.org, . Retrieved on 21th June, 2021.
[3] Akpama, S.I., Esang, O.U., Asor, L.J. and Osang, W.O. (2011), Non-formal Education Programmes and Poverty Reduction among Young Adults in Southern District, Cross River State, Nigeria. Journal of Education and Development Psychology,1 (1): 61-74.
[4] Alabi, R. A. and Osasogie, I. D. (2006). Income Generation by Participants in the National Directorate of Employment in Edo State. In Employment Generation in Nigeria, selected papers for NES Annual Conference.
[5] Azariadis, C., Stachurski, J. (2005), “Poverty Traps”, in eds. P Aghion and S Durlauf “Handbook of Economic Growth” North-Holland, Elsevier
[6] Bello, R. A.; Toyebi, G. O. A.; Ballogun, I. O. and Akanbi, S. B. (2009). Poverty Alleviation Programmes and EconomicDevelopment in Nigeria: A Comparative Assessment of Asaand Ilorin West Local Govt. Areas of Kwara State, Nigeria, African Research Review, 3(4): 283-297.
[7] Bradshaw R, T. K. (2006). Theories of Poverty and Anti-Poverty Programs in Community Development, Rural Poverty Research Center(RPRC) Working Paper No. 06-05, available online at http://www.rupri.org/Forms/WP06-05, 08.03.206.
[8] Ekong, C. N. (2007). Sustainable Savings and Credit Scheme in Rural Communities: An Optional Guide, Port Harcourt, Pioturu Books and Image Plus.
[9] Elesh D. (1970). Poverty theories and income maintenance: validity and policy relevance, University of Wisconsin, available online at www.irp.wisc.edu/publications/dps/pdfs/dp8370.pdf, 08.03.2016.
[10] Esping-Andersen, G. (1987) The Comparison of Policy Regimes: An Introduction. In M. Rein, G. Esping-Andersen and L. Rainwater (eds.) Stagnation and Renewal in Social Policy: The Rise and Fall of Policy Regimes. New York and London: Armonk.
[11] Federal Ministry of Information, (2013). Desirability of SURE-P in Nigeria’s Development Proggramme, available online at www.fmi.gov.ng, 07.03.2016.
[12] Holmes, R., Samson, M., Magoronga, W., Akinrimisi, B. and Morgan, J. (2012). The Potentials for Cash Transfers in Nigeria, Overseas Development Institute, www.odi.org.uk, retrieved on 21th June, 2021.
[13] Hussaini,M. (2014). Poverty Alleviation Programs in Nigeria: Issues and Challenges, International Journal of Development Research, 4(3): 717-720,
[14] Inyang E. E. and Ebong F. S. (2006). Remedying Rural Unemployment and Underdevelopment Problems in Nigeria: Issues and Options. In Employment Generation in Nigeria, selected papers for NES Annual Conference.
[15] Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2013), “Monitoring poverty and social exclusion 2013” Joseph Rowntree Foundation and the New Policy Institute.
[16] Kanyenze, G., Mhone, G. C. Z. and Sparreboom, T. (2000). Strategies to Combat Youth Unemployment and Marginalization in Anglophone Africa, InternationalLabour Organization/ Southern AfricaMultidisciplicinary Advisory Team (ILO/SAMAT) discussion paper no 14, Harare-Zimbabwe
[17] Kilburn, K., Ferrone, L., Pettifor, A., Wagner, R., Gomez-Olive, F. X. and Kahn, K. (2020). The Impact of a Conditional Cash Transfer on Multidimensional Deprivation of Young Women: Evidence from South Africa’s HTPN 068, Social Indicators Research, 151:865–895.
[18] Laderchi, C. R., Saith, R., Stewart, F. (2003), “Does it matter that we do not agree on the definition of poverty? A comparison of four approaches”, Oxford Development Studies, Volume 31, Issue 3.
[19] Ladhani S. and Sitter K. C. (2020). Conditional cash transfers: A critical review, Development Policy Revie,38:28–41.
[20] Millán, T. M., Barham, T., Macours, K., Maluccio, J. A. and Stampini, M. (2019). Long-Term Impacts of Conditional Cash Transfers: Review of the Evidence, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Oxford University Press, retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/wbro/articles, 5th June 2021.
[21] Murray, C. K. (1985).Structural vs individual poverty theories: A comment, available online at www.fresheconomicthinking.com, 08.03.2016.
[22] National Directorate of Employment Charter, (n.d) Unemployment Problem. In: Fisher, S. (Ed) NBER Macroeconomics Annual. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 15-78.
[23] Obike, K. C. Ukoha, O. O. and Nwajiuba, C. U. (2007). Poverty Reduction among Farmers in Bigeria: The Role of the National Directorate of Employment, Agricultural Journal, 2(4): 530-534.
[24] Okoli, U., Morris, L., Oshin, A., Pate, M. A., Aigbe, C. and Muhammad, A. (2014). Conditional cash transfer schemes in Nigeria: potential gains for maternal and child health service uptake in a national pilot programme, BioMed Central (BMC) Pregnancy and Childbirth, 14 (408): 1-13.
[25] Okonkwo, O.N. (2015). Critical Review of Poverty Reduction Programme in Nigeria: Evidence from South-East Zone, IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 6(6): 32-43.
[26] Onah, R. C. and Olise,C. N. (2019). National Social Investment Programme (NSIP) and Sustainable Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 24(10): 20-31.
[27] Onyishi, A. O. and Ogbu, C. (2019). Social Intervention Programmes and Rural Development in Nigeria, A Study of Federal Government’s Trader – Moni Initiative, ICPP4 – Montréal,
[28] Ravallion, M. (1992), “Poverty freak: a guide to concepts and methods”, Living Standards Measurement Papers, The World Bank.
[29] Ravallion, M., Shaohua, C., Sangraula, P. (2009), “Dollar a day”, The World Bank Economic Review, 23(2), 163-184
[30] Rural Poverty Portal, (2014). Poverty in Africa, available online at http://www.ruralpovertyportal.org/region/home/tags/africa, 07.03.2016.
[31] Sen, A. (1999). Development As Freedom. New York: Anchor.
[32] Sparkgist (2018). How to apply/register for tradermoni 2018/2019 FG loan scheme. Retrieved from 20th January 2019, https: //www.sparkgist.com/how-to-apply-registerfor-trade-moni-2018-2019-fg-loanschemeTraderMoni(2019).TraderMoniNigeria.Retrieved21thJanuary2019,fromhttps://www.tradermo ni.ng/about.html
[33] Umobong, E. and Ekong, U.(2015). Employment Generation for a Small Economy: The Nigerian Case, International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies (IJIMS), 2(10), 93-103.
[34] United Nations (1995), “The Copenhagen Declaration and Programme of Action”, World Summit for Social Development, New York, United Nations.
[35] Valentine, C. A. (1968). Culture and Poverty. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
[36] World Bank (2018). Year in Review: 2018 in 14 chats, www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2018, 12. 09.2020.
[37] World Development Indicators, 2013. Our world in data, available online at www.ourworldindata.org/data/growth-and-distribution-of-prosperity/world-poverty, 08.03.2016.
Christiana U. Ekong, Uduak Isaac Effiong, Uduak M. Ekong, PhD “Social Policies and Poverty Reduction in Africa: Nigeria in focus” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.767-774 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/767-774.pdf
Download PDF
Concepts of Language Development and Language Disability With Evidence Base Analysis
Samuel Senyo Dogoe, Eunice Awoenam Dogoe, Christina Christodoulou & Ivy Ama Kpodoe – September 2021 – Page No.: 775-780
Language and communication are important parts of every human being to function well in a civilised society he or she found himself or herself. Any disruption of these needs could amount to impairment of “normal” functioning of the individual in the society or community. This article sought to look what is meant by language and its development at various stages of child’s development. The article evidently looked at form or grammar; how it is developed in a neurotypical child or “normal” child. Attention is also paid to how children could be confronted with difficulties. The write up illuminates what is referred to as language disability and specific language impairment.
The write up explore cross cultural patterns of grammar development or formation. The dominant aspect of English grammar is the word order. In other languages the dominant aspect is the morphology and the grammatical inflections. For example, Italian language gives a lot importance to bound inflections. Thus, it depends on where a language focuses and the origin of that particular language.
However, this work main focus is on concept of English language development and language disability but being an evidence based work, an example of Italian language has been mentioned to support few points. This work is organized in thematic areas and literature in form of books, articles and journals related to this topic were reviewed as well.
Page(s): 775-780 Date of Publication: 20 October 2021
Samuel Senyo Dogoe
University of Birmingham England UK
Eunice Awoenam Dogoe
Tutor, St. Teresa’s College of Education, Ghana
Christina Christodoulou
University of Birmingham England UK
Ivy Ama Kpodoe
Department of Education and Psychology, University of Cape Coast – Ghana
[1] American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (1991). Learning Disabilities: issues on definition. [Relevant Paper]. Available at www.Asha.org/policy. [Accessed on 20th February 2021]
[2] Barrett, M. (eds.) (1999) The Development of Language. Hove: Psychology Press Ltd.
[3] Bloom, L. (1970) Language Development: Form and Function In Emerging Grammars. Cambridge (Mass): The MIT Press.
[4] Bloom, L. (1973) One Word at a time: The use of single words utterances before syntax. The Hague: Mouton.
[5] Brown, R. (1976) A First Language: The early stages. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
[6] Bedore, L., M. and Leonard, L., B. (1998). Specific language impairment and grammatical morphology: a discriminant function analysis. Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : 41 🙁 5):1185–92. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9771639[Accessed on 20th February 2021].
[7] Buckley, B. (2003) Children’s Communication Skills: From Birth to Five Years London: Routledge.
[8] Chapman, R., S. and Miller, J., F. (1975). Word order in early two and three utterances : does production precede comprehension ? Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 18 🙁 2): 355–372.
[9] Child Development Institute. 2004. http://www.childdevelopmentinfo.com. [Accessed on May 6, 2021]
[10] Crystal, D. (1970) Working with LARSP. London: Edward Arnold.
[11] Crystal. Fletcher, P. and Garman, M (1976) Grammatical Analysis of Language Disability. 2nd ed. London: Cole and Whurr.
[12] Dale, S., P. (1976) Language Development: Structure and Function. 2nded. New York; London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston
[13] Dockrell, J. and Messer, D.(1999) Children’s Language and Communication Difficulties: Understanding, Identification and Intervention. London: Cassel.
[14] Dromi, E. et al. (1999). Verb agreement morphology in Hebrew-speaking children with specific language impairment. Journal of speech, language, and hearing research, Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18484285. [Accessed on 20th February 2021]
[15] Ely, L. and Tollwerck, L., S. (1996). A Grammatical Specific Language Impairment in Children : An Autosomal Dominant Inheritance ? Brain and Language, 504: (52): 484–504
[16] Fletcher, P. and Garman, M. (eds.) (1986) Language Acquisition: studies in first language development. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[17] Gleason, B., J. (eds.) (1985) The Development of Language. 2nd ed.Columbus: Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company.
[18] Joanisse, M., F. and Seidenberg, M., S. (1998). Specific language Impairment: a deficit in grammar or processing? Trends in cognitive sciences. [Online], 2: (7): 240–7. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21244922. [Accessed on 8th March, 2021]
[19] Kuczaj, S., A. (2008) Why do children fail to overgeneralize the progressive inflection? Journal of Child Language, 5: (01). Available from: http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0305000900002026 [Accessed on 8th March, 2021]
[20] Leonard, L., B. et al.(1987) Specific language impairment in children: a cross-linguistic study. Brain and language, 32: (2) : 233–52. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8400487. [Accessed on 8th March, 2021]
[21] Lieven, E., Salomo, D. and Tomasello, Michael. (2009) Two-year-old children’s production of multiword utterances: A usage-based analysis. Cognitive Linguistics. 20 🙁 3): pp.481–507. Available from: http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/cogl.2009.20.issue3/cogl.2009.022/ogl.2009.022.xml[Accessed 10th March 2021].
[22] Lindfors, W., J. (1987) Children’s Language and Learning. 2nd ed.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
[23] Martin, D. and Miller, C. (1996) Speech and Language Difficulties in the Classroom. London: David Fulton.
[24] Mary L. Gavin, MD, Date reviewed: April 2014 [Accessed on 5th May 2021]
[25] Miller, W. and Ervin, S. (1964). The Acquisition of Language: Report of the Fourth Conference Sponsored by the Committee on Intellective Processes Research of the Social Science Research Council. The Development of Grammar in Child Language. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development [online]. 29 🙁 1):9-34. Available at: www.jstor.org/stable/1165752. [Accessed on 20th February 2021]
[26] Moyle, M.J. et al. (2011). Grammatical Morphology in School-Age Children With and Without Language Impairment: A Discriminant Function Analysis. Language, Speech and Hearing Services in Schools. 42:550-560(October).
[27] Paul, R. (1993). Grammatical Morpheme Acquisition in 4-Year-Olds With Normal, Impaired, and Late-Developing Language. Research Note. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research. 36: pp.1271–1275.
[28] Raising Children Network Australia Limited, (2006-2021)
[29] Reed, A., V. (1994) An Introduction to Children with Language Disorders.2nd ed. New York: Merrill; Toronto: Maxwell Canada;New York: Maxwell Macmillan International.
[30] Sachs, J. and Truswell, L. (2008). Comprehension of two-word instructions by children in the one-word stage. Journal of Child Language[online], 5(01). Available at: http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0305000900001902[Accessed on 9th March 2021].
[31] Skipp, A., Windfuhr, K.L. and Conti-Ramsden, G.(2002) Children ’ s grammatical categories of verb and noun : a comparative look at children with specific language impairment ( SLI ) and normal language ( NL ). International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 37:(3), pp.253–271.
[32] Stevenson, J., R. (1988) Models ofLanguageDevelopment. Milton Keynes: Open University.
[33] Tomasello, M. (2000) Do young children have adult syntactic competence? Cognition [online], 74(3), pp.209–53. Available at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10640571[Accessed on 8th March, 2021]
[34] Wulfeck, B. et al., (2004) Grammaticality sensitivity in children with early focal brain injury and children with specific language impairment. Brain and language [online], 88(2), pp.215–28. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14965543 [Accessed on 9th March 2021].https://educationalresearchtechniques.com/2015/03/02/components-of-language/#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20major%20components,syntax%2C%20morphology%2C%20and%20phonology.http://www.healthofchildren.com/L/Language-Development.html [Accessed on May 6, 2021]
Samuel Senyo Dogoe, Eunice Awoenam Dogoe, Christina Christodoulou & Ivy Ama Kpodoe, “Concepts of Language Development and Language Disability With Evidence Base Analysis” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.775-780 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/775-780.pdf
Download PDF
The Political Economy of Border Closure: Nigeria’s Border Closure From 2019-2021
Abdullahi Abdulkarim and Abdulrazak Salisu Ibrahim – September 2021 – Page No.: 781-785
The closure of the border is not a new phenomenon in the global historical antecedent. Several reasons make countries of the world close their borders. It ranges from either to protect their citizens, either to protect their economy or to curtail any external threat or aggression from coming in. A state in international relations chooses her reason to close her borders with her neighbours despite the benefits. The Nigeria border closure in 2019 also was a result of the promotion of agricultural production, increase in local produced products consumption, and drastically stop smuggles of banned products by the Nigerian government from coming into the country through her land borders. Though, every administration in Nigeria does come with its policy of protecting the economy and providing a suitable environment for trade. This paper taking descriptive analysis as its approach, aimed at juxtaposing the political economy of the Nigerian border closure from 2019 to 2021. The paper also aimed at looking at whether the border closure has impacted Nigeria’s economy. In doing that, the paper adopted a theory of political economy of protectionism; which explained the reasons for the decision made by the Nigerian government to close its land borders. Data were gathered secondarily, which included; published articles, magazines, newspapers, textbooks, magazines, and the internet.
Page(s): 781-785 Date of Publication: 20 October 2021
Abdullahi Abdulkarim
Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
Abdulrazak Salisu Ibrahim
Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
[1] Abegunde, O., & Fabiyi, R. (2020). Nigeria-Benin Border Closure: Implications for Economic Development in Nigeria. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, 2(4), 56-65.
[2] Abia, B., (2020). Economic implication of the recent border closure, January 21st, 2020, http://cseaafrica.org/economic-implications-of-the-recent-border-closure/, accesed 26th September, 2021.
[3] Adeola G.L., & Oluyemi F., (2012). The Political and Security Implications of Cross Border Migration between Nigeria and her Francophone Neighbours in International Journal of Social Science Tomorrow. Volume 1 (3), pp 1 – 9.
[4] Ani. C.E., Baajon, A. M., & Samuila, A. A., (2020). Border closure: Implication on Nigerian economy, journal of economic and finance, vol. 2, issue 3, pp. 21 – 32.
[5] Bagwell K. & Staiger R.W. (1997). Multilateral Tariff Cooperation during the Formation of Regional Free Trade Areas, international economic Review, vol.38.
[6] Cheri, L. (2021). Perceived Impact of Border Closure due to Covid-19 of Intending Nigerian Migrants. Social Inclusion, 9(1), 207-215.
[7] Ejiogu, A., Okechukwu, O., & Ejiogu, C. (2020). Nigerian budgetary response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its shrinking fiscal space: financial sustainability, employment, social inequality and business implications. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management.
[8] Falayi, K. (2019). Why Nigeria has Restricted Food Imports. BBC Africa Business. www.bbc.com.
[9] Fouda, R. A. N. (2012). Protectionism & Free Trade: A Country’s Glory or Doom? International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 3(5), 351.
[10] Ibrahim, B. S. A., & Singh, D. (2020). Challenges and prospects underpinning the Nigeria’s policy of closing land border: a lesson for other African countries, our heritage journal, vol. 22, no. 1.
[11] Ilesanmi, F. F., Ilesanmi, O. S., & Afolabi, A. A. (2021). The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on food losses in the agricultural value chains in Africa: The Nigerian case study. Public Health in Practice, 2, 100087.
[12] Oguntoye, P., (2020). Border close: Impact on the Nigerian economy, https://businessday.ng/opinion/article/border-closure-impact-on-the-nigerian-economy/, accessed 14th June 2021.
[13] Okorie, E. J., & Enwere, C. (2020). National Border Closure as Paradigm Shift in Sustainable Foreign Policy Development in Nigeria, international journal of management studies and social science research.
Abdullahi Abdulkarim and Abdulrazak Salisu Ibrahim, “The Political Economy of Border Closure: Nigeria’s Border Closure From 2019-2021” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.781-785 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/781-785.pdf
Download PDF
Rising to the challenge: Experiences of International Students Studying at the University of Cape Coast
Juliana Audria Dankwa, Dr. Mary Owusu Obimpeh – September 2021 – Page No.: 786-792
Using the hierarchical constraints theory, this study explores the challenges of international students studying at the University of Cape Coast (UCC). The data was collected and analyzed using the qualitative research method. A semi-structured interview was conducted with a purposive sample of twenty-four (24) international students. The majority of the student respondents indicated that they had challenges which were related to academic, accommodation, psychosocial, cultural and financial issues. It is recommended that there should be long term and short-term strategies to minimize all challenges that international students face.
Page(s): 786-792 Date of Publication: 20 October 2021
Juliana Audria Dankwa
Centre for International Education, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
Dr. Mary Owusu Obimpeh
Directorate of human Resource, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
[1] Andrade, M. S. (2006) International students in English-speaking universities: Adjustment factors. Journal of Research in International Education, 5(2): 131-154.
[2] Bamford, J. K. (2014). Dealing with difference: Developing an understanding of international postgraduate joint degree programmes in business in London and France. Unpublished PhD thesis, Institute of Education, University of London.
[3] Blake, A. C. (2006). The experiences and adjustment problems of Africans at a historically Black institution. College Student Journal, 40, 808-813
[4] Bista, K., & Gaulee, U. (2017). Recurring themes across fractal issues facing international students: A thematic analysis of 2016 dissertations and theses. Journal of International Students, 7(4), 1140– 1160.
[5] Burdett, J., & Crossman, J. (2012). Engaging international students. Quality Assurance in Education, 20(3), 207–222. http://doi.org/10.1108/09684881211240286
[6] Boafo-Arthur, S. (2014). Acculturative experiences of Black African international students. International Journal of Advanced Counselling, 36, 115-124.
[7] Constantine, M. G., Okazaki, S., & Utsey, S. O. (2004). Self-concealment, social self-efficacy, acculturative stress, and depression in African, Asian, and Latin American international college students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 74, 230-241.
[8] Crawford, D. W., Godbey, G.C (1987). Reconceptualizing barriers to family leisure. Leisure Sciences, 9,119-127.
[9] Crawford, D. W., Jackson, E. L., & Godbey, G. C. (1991). A hierarchical model of leisure constraints, Leisure Sciences, 13,309-320.
[10] Gareis, E. (2000). Intercultural friendship: Five case studies of German students in the USA. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 21 1, 67 – 91
[11] Gracelter, F., & Forzano L. (2015). Research methods for the behavioral science. Stanford. Ct 06902: USA: Engage Learning Publisher.
[12] Hollaway, L., & Wheeler, S. (2013). Qualitative research in nursing and health care. 3rd Edition. West Sussex: United Kingdom. John Wiley and Sons Publishers, p.40
[13] Kitsantas, A. (2004). Studying Abroad: The role of college students’ goals on the development of cross-cultural skills and global understanding. College Student Journal, 38(3), 441-452.
[14] Khoo, P. L. S., Abu-Rasain, M. H., & Hornby, G. (2002). Counselling foreign students: A review of strategies. In P. Stephen (Ed.), Multicultural counselling: A reader (pp. 98–113). London: Sage Publications.
[15] Lee, J. J., & Rice, C. (2007). Welcome to America? International student perceptions of discrimination. Higher Education, 53(3), 381-409.
[16] Leong, F. T. L., & Chou, E. L. (1996). Counseling international students. In P. B. Pedersen, J.G. Draguns, W.J. Lonner, & J.T. Trimble (Eds.), Counseling Across Cultures (4th ed., pp. 210–242). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[17] Marcketti, S. B., Mhango, M. W., & Gregoire, M. B. (2006). The experiences of African graduate students in a college of human sciences. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences Foundation, 24, 63-69.
[18] Maringe, F., & Carter, S. (2007). International students’ motivations for studying in UK HE: Insights into the choice and decision making of African students. International Journal of Educational Management.
[19] Msengi, I. G. (2007). Sources of stress and its impact on health behaviours and academic performance of international students at a comprehensive Midwestern university. International Journal of Global Health & Health Disparities, 5, 55–69.
[20] Mori, S. (2000). Addressing the mental health concerns of international students. Journal of Counselling and Development, 78(2): 137–145.
[21] Myburgh, C., Niehaus, L., & Poggenpoel, M. (2002). International learners’ experiences and coping mechanisms within a culturally diverse context. Education, 123(1), 107.
[22] Paltridge, T., Mayson, S. & Schapper, J. (2012). Covering the gap: Social inclusion, international students and the role of local government. Australian Universities’ Review, 54(2), 29-39.
[23] Pederson, P. B. (1991). Counselling international students. Counselling Psychologist, 19, 10-58.
[24] Poyrazli, S., & Grahame, K. (2007). Barriers to adjustment: Needs of international students within a semi-urban campus community. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 34(1), 28-45.
[25] Tseng, W. C., & Newton, F. B. (2002). International students’ strategies for well-being. College Student Journal, 36(4), 597-598.
[26] Wang, Y. (2004). Pursuing cross-cultural graduate education: A multifaceted investigation. International Journal of Education, 33(2): 52–72.
[27] Zahi, L. (2002). Studying international students: Adjustment issues and social support. ERIC Document 474481.
Juliana Audria Dankwa, Dr. Mary Owusu Obimpeh “Rising to the challenge: Experiences of International Students Studying at the University of Cape Coast” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.786-792 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/786-792.pdf
Download PDF
Assessing the vulnerability of farmers, fishermen and herdsmen to climate change in Nigeria
Nasiru Medugu Idris and Adati Ayuba Kadafa – September 2021 – Page No.: 793-799
This research is aimed at assessing the vulnerability of farmers, fishermen and herdsmen to climate change in Nigeria. The study was motivated to examine the underlying causes and assess the degree of vulnerability as well as examines the conflicts between farmers and herdsmen as a result of climate change. This research employed the use of quantitative and qualitative means of data gathering techniques as well as physical observations. Six states (Kebbi, Adamawa, Nasarawa, Osun, Ebonyi, and Akwa Ibom) were selected on the ground that they are key food production areas within the ecological zones of the country and are therefore essential to continual food security in the country. More so, they double as fishing communities in order to aid the comprehensive study of all the effects of climate change on farmers and fishermen alike. The study observed that the level of vulnerability of rural dwellers most specifically farmers, herdsmen and fishermen to climate change is very high due to their socioeconomic, ethnic and historical perspective of their trend. The study therefore recommends that urgent step needs to be put in place to help control natural hazards and manmade disasters. However, serious measures is also needed in order to minimize severe societal, economic and political crises; some of which may either escalate to violent conflicts or could be avoided by efforts of conflict resolution and prevention by the initiation of a process of de-escalation together by applying the best-fit adaptive and mitigation measures to climate change vulnerability in rural communities of Nigeria.
Page(s): 793-799 Date of Publication: 21 October 2021
Nasiru Medugu Idris
Faculty of Environmental Science, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria
Adati Ayuba Kadafa
Faculty of Environmental Science, Nasarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria
[1] Adger, W., Arnell, N. and Tompkins, E. (2005) ‘Successful adaptation to climate change across scales’, Global Environmental Change, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp.77–86.
[2] Awosika, L.F., French, G.T., Nicholls, R.T. and Ibe, C.E. (1992) ‘The impacts of sea level rise on the coastline of Nigeria.’ In O’Callahan, J. (ed.) Global Climate Change and the Rising Challenge of the Sea. Proceedings of the IPCC Workshop at Margarita Island, Venezuela, 9–13 March 1992. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA, 690 pp.
[3] Bradshaw, B., Dolan, H. and Smith, B. (2004) ‘Farm-level adaptation to climatic variability and change: crop diversification in the Canadian prairies’, Climatic Change, Vol. 67, No. 1,pp.119–141.
[4] Ficke, A.D., Myrick, C.A. and Hansen, L.J. (2007) ‘Potential impacts of global climate change on freshwater fisheries’, Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp.581–613.
[5] Gallopin, G.C. (1997) ‘Indicators and their use: information for decision-making’, in Moldan, B.and Billharz, S. (Eds.): Sustainability Indicators, pp.13–28, Wiley, New York, NY.
[6] HBS (2010) Heinrich Boll Stiftung: Climate Governance in Africa: Adaptation Strategies and Institution; A Synthesis report by Masego Madzwamuse: Unity Press, Cape Town, SA
[7] Idris N. M. (2010) “An Assessment of Afforestation Programme towards Combating Desertification in Kano and Jigawa States, Nigeria”. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor, Malaysia.
[8] Idris N. M. (2020) Nigeria’s Perspective On Climate Change And The Way Forward Responses to Climate Change – Mitigation and Adaptation: Being a paper delivered on 11th February, 2020 during the Two-Day High-Level Training Curriculum On Climate Change at Bon Hotel Stratton, Asokoro, Abuja
[9] International Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) (1996) Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[10] International Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) (2000), Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, available at: www.ipcc-nggip.iges. or.jp/public/gp/english/
[11] International Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) (2003), Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry, IPPC GPG LULUCF 2003.
[12] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001) Third Assessment Report: Climate Change 2001, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
[13] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007) 4th Assessment Report: Synthesis Report-Summary for Policy Makers [online]http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr_spm.pdf (accessed 16 June 2012).
[14] Ishaku, H. T. and Majid M. R. (2010) X-Raying Rainfall Pattern and Variability in Northeastern Nigeria: Impacts on Access to Water Supply: J. Water Resource and Protection, 2010, 2, 952-959 doi:10.4236/jwarp.2010.211113
[15] Kurukulasuriya, P. and Mendelsohn, R. (2008) ‘A Ricardian analysis of the impact of climate change on African cropland’, African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.1–23.
[16] Leal Filho, W. (2009) “Communicating Climate Change: Challenges ahead and action needed”: International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 6-18 Emerald Group Publishing Limited UK
[17] Madu I. A. (2016) Rurality and climate change vulnerability in Nigeria: Assessment towards evidence based even rural development policy; Being a paper presented at the 2016 Berlin Conference on Global Environmental Change Held from 23-24 May 2016 at Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
[18] Maplecroft (2014): Climate Change Vulnerability Index 2014 United Kingdom, Maplecroft
[19] Medugu N.I, Majid. M. R, Choji. I. D (2008) “A Comprehensive approach to drought and desertification in Nigeria: A brief evaluation of government policies, “Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal Vol. 19 No. 6, pp. 690-704 Emerald Group Publishing Limited
[20] Medugu N. I., M. Rafee Majid and Walter Leal Filho (2014) Assessing the vulnerability of farmers, fishermen and herdsmen to Climate Change: a case study from Nigeria: International Journal of Global Warming Vol. 6, No 1. PP 1-14
[21] Medugu N. I, Majid M. R, Johar, F (2009) “The Consequences of Drought and Desertification in Nigeria”, The IUP Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. III, No 3, pp. 66-84. ICFAI University Press Hyderabad: Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1442970
[22] Medugu N. I., (2009) Climate Change: “A Threat to Nigeria’s Development” Daily Trust Newspaper Nigeria Published on 14th July 2009 Vol. 22 No 12 Page 42.
[23] Medugu N.I, Majid. M. R, Choji. I. D (2008) “A Comprehensive approach to drought and desertification in Nigeria: A brief evaluation of government policies, “Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal Vol. 19 No. 6, pp. 690-704 Emerald Group Publishing Limited UK
[24] Medugu, N.I., Majid, M.R., Johar, F. and Choji, I.D. (2010) ‘The role of afforestation programme in combating desertification in Nigeria’, International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.35–47.
[25] Nasiru I. M., Mohammed R. M., and Foziah J. (2014) Assessing the Impact of Forestry II Program on Agricultural Productivity in the Arid Zone of Nigeria: a case of Kano and Jigawa State, Nigeria: Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal; Vol. 25 No 6, Emerald Group Publishing UK
[26] Nhemanchena, C. and Hassan, R. (2007) Micro-level analysis of farmers’ adaptation to climate change in Southern Africa, IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 00714, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC.
[27] Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET, 2020): Seasonal Rainfall Prediction and Socio-Economic Implication for Nigeria. NIMET Publication.
[28] NPC (2006) Report of National Population Commission on the 2006 Nigerian census result. Retrieved on 15 June 2018 from the World Wide Web: http://www.population.gov.ng/factsandfigures.htm
[29] Oluyole F, (2012) Coping with the menace of climate change in Nigeria. The Nigerian Pilot
[30] Odoh, S.I. and Chilaka F. C. (2012) ‘Climate change and conflict in Nigeria: a theoretical and empirical examination of the worsening incidence of conflict between Fulani Herdsmen and farmers in northern Nigeria’, Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, (oman chapter), Vol. 2, No. 1, p.110.
[31] Onah, I., Ayuba, H.K. Idris, N.M. (2020) Estimation of fuelwood-induced carbon emission from the use of improved cook stoves by selected households in Kwara State, Nigeria. Climatic Change 160, 463–477 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02603-6
[32] Pachauri R. K., (2008) “Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC”: Speech delivered at the Opening Ceremony of the UNFCCC COP 14, Poznán, Poland, UNEP
[33] Tarfa P. Y., Ayuba H. K., Onyeneke R. U, Idris N. M., Nwajiuba C. A. and Igberi C. O. (2019) Climate Change Perception and Adaptation in Nigeria’s Guinea Savanna: Empirical Evidence From Farmers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria; Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 17(3): 7085-7112. http://www.aloki.hu http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1703_70857112
Nasiru Medugu Idris and Adati Ayuba Kadafa , “Assessing the vulnerability of farmers, fishermen and herdsmen to climate change in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.793-799 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5948
Download PDF
The Relevance of the Indigenous African Moral Theory in the control of Public Sector Corruption in Kenya
Joseph Ouma Oindo, Dr. Zacharia Samita, Prof. Edward Oyugi – September 2021 – Page No.: 800-804
This paper explores the contribution of African moral theory in the control of public sector corruption in Kenya. This study is based on a literature review method. The principle method used is the documentary analysis that show how African moral theory can be applicable to the development of a national ideology of the common good to curb persistent corruption in Kenya. This study could provide the Government of Kenya with important information relating to how public sector corruption can be controlled through ethical formation that is indigenous to Kenyans. Through documentary analysis, the study found out that African ethics resonates with the indigenous worldview of Africans and can effectively be employed as an anti-corruption initiative in Kenya. This is because, the central premise of African moral theory is harmony and positive relationships. However, corruption distorts harmony and leads to negative relationships in the country. The study recommends an induction program for government employees. This induction program is a value-reorientation program delivered through seminars/workshops with a particular focus on honesty, justice, transparency, fairness, and personal integrity. The study also recommends the use of reward system as well as deterrents.
Page(s): 800-804 Date of Publication: 21 October 2021
Joseph Ouma Oindo
Tangaza University College, Kenya
Dr. Zacharia Samita
Kenyatta University, Kenya
Prof. Edward Oyugi
Tangaza University College, Kenya
[1] Bafinamene C.K. (2016). Church and moral formation in an African context: A critical appropriation of Stanley Hauerwas’ proposal. University of Pretoria.
[2] Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of moral thought and action. In W. M. Kurtines & J. L. Gewirtz (Eds.) Handbook of moral behaviour and development. New Jersey: Erlbaum.
[3] Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC). (2016). National Ethics and Corruption Survey. Nairobi.
[4] Gyekye, K (1997). Political corruption: A philosophical analysis of a moral problem. Sankofa Publishing Co. Ltd.
[5] Jevtić, B. (2014). Teachers’ pedagogical actions affecting the moral development of personality. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 58(67).
[6] Kinoti, W. H. (1992). African morality: past and present. (In Mugambi, J. Ndwiga Kanyua & Nasimiyu- A. Wasike, (eds). Moral and ethical issues in African Christianity. Nairobi : Initiatives.
[7] Kinoti, G (1994). Hope for Africa: And what the Christian can do. AISRED.
[8] Langier, C. (2016). Moral upbringing of children in the context of transformations of modern families: An overview of issues.
[9] Lindner S (2014).Tanzania: Overview of corruption and anticorruption. U4 Expert Answers. www.transparency.org.
[10] Mugambi, J. N. & Nasimiyu-Wasike, A. (1992). Moral and ethical issues in African Christianity; exploratory essays in moral theology. Nairobi: Initiatives.
[11] Mwikamba, C.M. (1992). Changing morals in Africa. In Mugambi, J.N.K. & Nasimiyu- Wasike, A. (eds). Moral and ethical issues in African Christianity. Nairobi: Initiatives.
[12] Ngussa, M. B, Makewa N. L & Allida, D. (2016). Integration of moral values in the secondary school humanities curriculum across Lake Zone, Tanzania. International Journal of Educational Policy Research and Review, 3 (7), 117-125.
[13] Odundo, P. A & Ganira, K. L. (2017). Teacher Position in Spurring Value Based Education in Early Learning in Nairobi County, Kenya: Addressing Support of Values in School Environment. Journal of Education and Learning, 6(3), 194 – 203. doi:10.5539/jel.v6n3p194.
[14] Ouma, J, Oyugi, E & Samita, Z. (2021). How African Kinship System Contributes to Corruption in Kenya, Open Journal of Social Sciences, 9, 21-38.
[15] Petro, N. (2014). Teachers and moral development of learners: A Case for a Kohlbergian and Neuroscience Approach. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(4).
[16] Tutu, D. (1999). No Future without Forgiveness. New York: Random House, Inc.
Joseph Ouma Oindo, Dr. Zacharia Samita, Prof. Edward Oyugi, “The Relevance of the Indigenous African Moral Theory in the control of Public Sector Corruption in Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.800-804 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5949
Download PDF
Understanding Workplace Harassment -Its Varying Types and Consequences
Flourish Itulua Abumere – September 2021 – Page No.: 805-813
Workplace harassment has lately attracted the attention of scholars and workplace investigation experts as one of the most vital spots of efficient organizational management, because intimidating workplace behaviors are an important element of employee stress. Workplace harassment is one of the most neglected issues by managers in African countries. Notwithstanding, it has attracted the attention of academics and government bodies since the 1980s. Workplace harassment in this article review is identified as a fundamental organizational stressor and in other occupational health and safety legislation across the globe. Workplace harassment includes excessive monitoring, harsh criticism, practical jokes, unfairly altering job responsibilities and obstructing promotions. This article critically introduced some types of workplace harassment and their consequences for employees and employers.
Page(s): 805-813 Date of Publication: 21 October 2021
Flourish Itulua Abumere
UUniversity of Central Nicaragua School of Public Health and Social Work Managua, Nicaragua
[1] Afful, C. A. (2010). Workplace bullying and its impact on productivity (Doctoral dissertation)
[2] Aguinis, H. (2019). Performance management for dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
[3] Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H., & Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance.
[4] Amabile, T., & Kramer, S. (2011). The progress principle: Using small wins to ignite joy, engagement, and creativity at work. Harvard Business Press
[5] Aquino, K., & Thau, S. (2009). Workplace victimization: Aggression from the target’s perspective. Annual review of psychology, 60, 717-741
[6] Armstrong, M. (2021). Performance management.
[7] Ashe, S., & Nazroo, J. (2016). Equality, diversity and racism in the workplace: A qualitative analysis of the 2015 race at work survey. Report Commissioned by Business in the Community, ESRC Centre on Dynamics of Ethnicity, University of Manchester.
[8] Barling, J. (1996). The prediction, experience, and consequences of workplace violence.
[9] Bititci, U., Cocca, P., & Ates, A. (2016). Impact of visual performance management systems on the performance management practices of organisations. International Journal of Production Research, 54(6), 1571-1593.
[10] Bonnet, M. H., & Arand, D. L. (2010). Hyperarousal and insomnia: state of the science. Sleep medicine reviews, 14(1), 9-15.
[11] Boyd, N. (1995). Violence in the workplace in British Columbia: A preliminary investigation. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 37(4), 491-519.
[12] Chin, H., & Yi, M. Y. (2019, May). Should an Agent Be Ignoring It? A Study of Verbal Abuse Types and Conversational Agents’ Response Styles. In Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-6)
[13] Clark, D. A., & Beck, A. T. (2011). The anxiety and worry workbook: the cognitive behavioral solution. Guilford Press.
[14] Connor, M., & Pokora, J. (2017). EBOOK: Coaching and Mentoring at Work: Developing Effective Practice: Developing Effective Practice. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
[15] De las Casas, S. P. B. (2018). Psychological harassment in the workplace and the right to work in dignity: A comparative review of the laws in Colombia, Peru, United Kingdom and the United States. ILSA J. Int’l & Comp. L., 25, 465.
[16] DEBO, R., & GARY, A. (1996). The real “disclosure”: Sexual harassment and the bottom line. Sexual harassment in the workplace, 5, 199
[17] Di Martino, V., & Pujol, J. (2000). The SafeWork Training Package on Drugs and Alcohol, Violence, Stress, Tobacco and HIV/AIDS. International Labour Organisation Working Paper.
[18] Einarsen, S. V., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. L. (2020). The concept of bullying and harassment at work: The European tradition. In Bullying and harassment in the workplace (pp. 3-53). CRC press.
[19] Einarsen, S. V., Hoel, H., Zapf, D., & Cooper, C. L. (2020). The concept of bullying and harassment at work: The European tradition. In Bullying and harassment in the workplace (pp. 3-53). CRC press
[20] Fong, C. J., Warner, J. R., Williams, K. M., Schallert, D. L., Chen, L. H., Williamson, Z. H., & Lin, S. (2016). Deconstructing constructive criticism: The nature of academic emotions associated with constructive, positive, and negative feedback. Learning and Individual Differences, 49, 393-399.
[21] Giorgi, G., Perminienė, M., Montani, F., Fiz-Perez, J., Mucci, N., & Arcangeli, G. (2016). Detrimental effects of workplace bullying: impediment of self-management competence via psychological distress. Frontiers in psychology, 7, 60
[22] Grenny, J. (2014). The best teams hold themselves accountable. Harvard Business Review.
[23] Hansen, Å. M., Hogh, A., & Persson, R. (2011). Frequency of bullying at work, physiological response, and mental health. Journal of psychosomatic research, 70(1), 19-27.
[24] Hoel, H., & Cooper, C. L. (2000). Destructive conflict and bullying at work. Manchester: Manchester School of Management, UMIST.
[25] Hoel, H., Cooper, C. L., & Einarsen, S. V. (2020). Organizational effects of workplace bullying. In Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace (pp. 209-234). CRC Press.
[26] Hoel, H., Cooper, C. L., Kemshall, H., & Pritchard, J. (2000). Victims of workplace bullying. In Good practice in working with victims of violence. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
[27] Hoel, H., Sparks, K., & Cooper, C. L. (2001). The cost of violence/stress at work and the benefits of a violence/stress-free working environment. Geneva: International Labour Organization, 81
[28] Hollenbeck, J. R., & Jamieson,B. B. (2015). Human capital, social capital, and social network analysis: Implications for strategic human resource management. Academy of management perspectives, 29(3), 370-385
[29] Holman, D., Chissick, C., & Totterdell, P. (2002). The effects of performance monitoring on emotional labor and well-being in call centers. Motivation and Emotion, 26(1), 57-81.
[30] Hubert, A. and van Veldhoven, M. (2001). Risk sectors for undesirable behaviour and mobbing. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10, pp. 415– 424.
[31] Keashly, L. and Harvey, S. (2006). Workplace emotional abuse. In E. Kelloway, J. Barling and J. Hurrell (eds), Handbook of Workplace Violence. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, pp. 95– 120.
[32] Keashly, L., & Jagatic, K. (2011). North American perspectives on hostile behaviors and bullying at work. Bullying and harassment in the workplace: Developments in theory, research, and practice, 2, 41-71
[33] Killoren, R. (2014). The toll of workplace bullying. Research management review, 20(1), n1.
[34] Levi, L., Lunde-Jensen, P., & European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. (1996). A model for assessing the costs of stressors at national level: Socio-economic costs of work stress in two EU member states. Office for official publications of the European communities.
[35] Lewis, D. and Gunn, R. (2007). Workplace bullying in the public sector: understanding the racial dimension. Public Administration, 83, pp. 641– 665.
[36] Leymann, H. (1996). The content and development of mobbing at work. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5, pp. 165– 184.
[37] Lockwood, G. (2008). A legal analysis of sexual harassment employment tribunal cases 1995‐2005. International Journal of Law and Management.
[38] Lutgen-Sandvik, P., & McDermott, V. (2008). The constitution of employee-abusive organizations: A communication flows theory. Communication Theory, 18(2), 304-333
[39] Martin, K., & Freeman, R. E. (2003). Some problems with employee monitoring. Journal of Business Ethics, 43(4), 353-361
[40] Mills, C. B., Keller, M., Chilcutt, A., & Nelson, M. D. (2019). No laughing matter: Workplace bullying, humor orientation, and leadership styles. Workplace health & safety, 67(4), 159-167.
[41] Mone, E. M., & London, M. (2018). Employee engagement through effective performance management: A practical guide for managers. Routledge.
[42] Niedhammer, I., Chastang, J. F., Sultan-Taïeb, H., Vermeylen, G., & Parent-Thirion, A. (2013).
[43] Psychosocial work factors and sickness absence in 31 countries in Europe. The European Journal of Public Health, 23(4), 622-629.
[44] Nielsen, M. B., Indregard, A. M. R., & Øverland, S. (2016). Workplace bullying and sickness absence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the research literature. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 359-370.
[45] Nielsen, M. B., Matthiesen, S. B., & Einarsen, S. (2010). The impact of methodological moderators on prevalence rates of workplace bullying. A meta‐analysis. Journal of Occupational and organizational Psychology, 83(4), 955-979.
[46] Nielsen, M. B., Notelaers, G., & Einarsen, S. (2011). Measuring exposure to workplace bullying. Bullying and harassment in the workplace: Developments in theory, research, and practice, 2, 149-174.
[47] Nielsen, M. B., Pallesen, S., Harris, A., & Einarsen, S. V. (2018). Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of research on the associations between workplace bullying and sleep. Systematic reviews, 7(1), 1-7.
[48] Nielsen, M. B., Tvedt, S. D., & Matthiesen, S. B. (2013). Prevalence and occupational predictors of psychological distress in the offshore petroleum industry: a prospective study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 86(8), 875-885
[49] Productivity Commission. (2010). Performance benchmarking of Australian business regulation: Occupational health & safety. Productivity Commission.
[50] Quigg, A. M. (2016). Bullying in the arts: vocation, exploitation and abuse of power. Routledge.
[51] Regel, S., & Joseph, S. (2017). Post-traumatic stress. Oxford University Press.
[52] Schütte, S., Chastang, J. F., Malard, L., Parent-Thirion, A., Vermeylen, G., & Niedhammer, I. (2014). Psychosocial working conditions and psychological well-being among employees in 34 European countries. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 87(8), 897-907.
[53] Spielman, A. J., Caruso, L. S., & Glovinsky, P. B. (1987). A behavioral perspective on insomnia treatment. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 10(4), 541-553.
[54] Stockman, S., Van Hoye, G., & da Motta Veiga, S. (2020). Negative word-of-mouth and applicant attraction: The role of employer brand equity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 118, 103368.
[55] Stone, D., & Heen, S. (2015). Thanks for the feedback: The science and art of receiving feedback well (even when it is off base, unfair, poorly delivered, and frankly, you’re not in the mood). Penguin
[56] Tehrani, N. (2004). Bullying: a source of chronic post-traumatic stress?. British journal of guidance & counselling, 32(3), 357-366.
[57] Tepper, B. J., Mitchell, M. S., Haggard, D. L., Kwan, H. K., & Park, H. M. (2015). On the exchange of hostility with supervisors: An examination of self‐enhancing and self‐defeating perspectives. Personnel Psychology, 68(4), 723-758
[58] Tomczak, D. L., Lanzo, L. A., & Aguinis, H. (2018). Evidence-based recommendations for employee performance monitoring. Business Horizons, 61(2), 251-259.
[59] Van Heugten, K. (2011). Social work under pressure: How to overcome stress, fatigue and burnout in the workplace. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
[60] Verkuil, B., Atasayi, S., & Molendijk, M. L. (2015). Workplace bullying and mental health: a meta-analysis on cross-sectional and longitudinal data. PloS one, 10(8), e0135225.
[61] Wagner, J. A., & Hollenbeck, J. R. (2020). Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge
[62] Warshaw, L. J., & Messite, J. (1996). Workplace violence: preventive and interventive strategies. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 38(10), 993-1006.
[63] Weinberg, A., Bond, F., Cooper, C., & Sutherland, V. J. (2010). Organizational stress management: A strategic approach. Palgrave Macmillan.
[64] Williams, H. (2001). Maintaining a harassment-free workplace.
[65] World Health Organization. (2009). Comparative Quantification of Health Risks. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2004.
[66] Zafar, W., Khan, U. R., Siddiqui, S. A., Jamali, S., & Razzak, J. A. (2016). Workplace violence and self-reported psychological health: coping with post-traumatic stress, mental distress, and burnout among physicians working in the emergency departments compared to other specialties in Pakistan. The Journal of emergency medicine, 50(1), 167-177
[67] Zapf, D., Escartin, J., Scheppa-Lahyani, M., Einarsen, S. V., Hoel, H., & Vartia, M. (2020). Empirical findings on prevalence and risk groups of bullying in the workplace. In Bullying and harassment in the workplace (pp. 105-162). CRC Press
[68] Zhao, W., Lun, R., Gordon, C., Fofana, A. B. M., Espy, D. D., Reinthal, M. A., … & Luo, X. (2016). A human-centered activity tracking system: Toward a healthier workplace. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, 47(3), 343-355.
Internet References
[69] HM Courts & Tribunals Service & Employment Tribunal, (2021). Mrs Carol Hurley v East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust: 2300231/2019. Employment Tribunal decision. GOV.UK. https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunal-decisions/mrs-carol-hurley-v-east-sussex-healthcare-nhs-trust-2300231-slash-2019
[70] Moore, R. (2020). Handling Harsh Criticism In The Workplace: How To Stay Resilient Under Immense Pressure. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesbusinessdevelopmentcouncil/2021/08/04/15-mistakes-leaders-often-make-when-implementing-tech-into-the-sales-process/?sh=41d8fe1a4377
[71] Pghrevent Violence at Work. Verbal Abuse. http://www.prevention-violence.com/en/int-151.asp#haut
[72] Rodela, J. (2015). How Excessive Performance Monitoring Can Suck the Life Out of Your Agents. Your Australian Call Centre Partner in the Philippines. SelectVoiceCom https://turtler.io/news/16-worst-and-most-extreme-ways-employers-are-spying-on-their-people
[73] Wishnia, J. (2020). Are Verbal Threats Assault? legal Match. https://www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/verbal-threats-as-assault.html
Flourish Itulua Abumere “Understanding Workplace Harassment -Its Varying Types and Consequences” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.805-813 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5950
Download PDF
Blood-And-Thunder Approach to Sustaining Institutional Democracy: A Global Imperative
Anthony Adoyi, Esq. (LL.B, B.L, LL.M) – September 2021 – Page No.: 814-824
Globally, the most preferred system of governance is democracy. In recent years, the populace of many countries has been hypnotized and deluded by unpatriotic political office seekers who clandestinely portray the tenets of democracy while vying for supports and votes of the electorates but betray such public trust repose on them upon assuming offices. The gradual erosion of democratic principles in countries presumed to have institutionalized democracy calls for blood-and-thunder approach towards resuscitating and sustaining the system in order to revive public confidence and participation. The spiral of distrust, and weighty allegations of electoral irregularities that trailed the United States of America’s presidential election of 2020; the overthrown of Mali’s democratically elected president and recurrence of coup within Nine months in Mali; the mysterious murder and assassination of the presidents of Chad Republic and Haiti respectively; the call for resignation and impeachment hovering the Nigerian president sequel to his leadership style of sectarianism, poor economic drive and general deterioration of human and national security are all indicatives of ebbing democracy. Utilizing hermeneutical and analytical methods, this paper argued that democracy is at its lowest ebb across the world and such precarious situation has apparently foist on the citizenry to believe that institutional democracy is mythical. The paper examines the underlining challenges to institutional democracy with particular focus on United States of America and Nigeria and posits in conclusion that a more purposeful and pragmatic approach is expedient in order to bridge the trust gap between the government and the governed.
Page(s): 814-824 Date of Publication: 21 October 2021
Anthony Adoyi, Esq. (LL.B, B.L, LL.M)
Legal Practitioner, Public Affairs Analyst & Human Rights Activist, Abuja – Nigeria
Reference are not available.
Anthony Adoyi, Esq. (LL.B, B.L, LL.M) , “Blood-And-Thunder Approach to Sustaining Institutional Democracy: A Global Imperative” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.814-824 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5951
Download PDF
The Legal Concept of Public Private Partnership (PPP) and its Limited Scope in Nigeria
Faruk Sani – September 2021 – Page No.: 825-833
The paper sets out to determine the adequacy or otherwise of the definition of Public Private Partnership (PPP) in Nigeria. As a result of paucity of public funds, Nigeria introduced the concept of PPP in its public procurement strategy so as to tackle its glaring infrastructure deficit, which presently, is put at 70% – 75% of GDP. Despite the enthusiasm of stakeholders in this respect, the fundamental challenge is the capacity, within the extant legal framework that used the term ‘concession’, to identify the scope, parameters and limitations of the concept in exploring available options for successful delivery of PPP projects in Nigeria. The significance of correct identification of PPP parameters for the participation of the private sector in the delivery of public infrastructure and services cannot therefore be underestimated considering Nigeria’s aspiration and the role of infrastructure to economic growth and national prosperity. Using a doctrinal research methodology and a purposive sampling technique, the paper reviewed extant definitions of the concept in many PPP national jurisdictions, international organizations and relevant academic writers to conclude that the definition of PPP under section 36 of the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (ICRC) Act is inadequate. Such a definition is incapable of capacitating public authorities to explore all available PPP options in their effort to achieve Nigeria’s desire for private financing of public infrastructure and services. Out of the five legal parameters identified by this paper for any standard definition of PPP, the definition under section 36 of the ICRC Act met only two parameters. It therefore recommended that the ICRC Act should be amended to be more expansive as to accommodate the different types, classifications and parameters of the PPP definitions propounded in the guidelines of many Multilateral and Development Banks (MDBs).
Page(s): 825-833 Date of Publication: 21 October 2021
Faruk Sani
Faruk Sani Chambers, Nigeria
D. O. and Salami A., ‘A Review of Privatization and Public Enterprises Reform in Nigeria’, Contemporary Management Research Journal, [2008](12)(4) 409.
[2] African Development Bank Group, Evaluation of the Bank’s Utilization of the Public Private Partnership Mechanism (2006 – 2016): Inception Report Volume 1, Main Report [03 April 2017]
[3] Arimoro A. E., The Legal Framework For Public Private Partnerships In Nigeria: Lessons Learnt So Far (Lap Lambert Academic Publishers, 2015).
[4] Arimoro A. E., Legal Framework For PPP: South Africa and Nigeria in Focus,
[5] Asian Development Bank, Public Private Partnerships Handbook
[6] Asian Development Bank, Public Private Partnership Monitor (Asian Development Bank 2017).
[7] Bao F. (et. al), Review of Public Private Partnership Literature from a Project Lifecycle Perspective (2018)
[8] Canadian Council for Public Private Partnerships, Definitions and Models
[9] Chandra P., Projects: Planning, Analysis, Selection, Financing, Implementation, and Review, (7th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2011).
[10] Delmon J., Making PPPs Work: Going to the Chapel, World Bank, http://blogs.worldbank.org/ppps/making-ppps-work-going-chapel> Accessed 10 March 2021.
[11] Delmon J., Public-Private Partnership Projects in Infrastructure: An Essential Guide for Policy Makers (1st edn, Cambridge University Press 2017).
[12] Delmon J., ‘Understanding Options for Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure: Sorting out the Forest from the Trees: BOT, DBFO, DCMF, Concession, Lease…’ [2010], The World Bank
,
[13] Deloitte, Public Private Partnership (PPP) as an Anchor For Diversifying The Nigerian Economy: Lagos Container Terminals Concession as Case Study (March 2017),
[14] Department of Economic Affairs, Scheme and Guidelines for India Infrastructure Project Development Fund (Government of India, 2000)
[15] Engel E. and Fischer R. D. and Galetovic A, The Economics of Public-Private Partnerships: A Basic Guide (Cambridge University Press 2014).
[16] European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Public Private Partnerships (PPPs)
[17] European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The EBRD Core Principles for a Modern Concession Law: Selection and Justification of Principles
[18] Farlam P., Assessing Public Private Partnerships in Africa, Nepad Policy Focus Series 2 (South African Institute of International Affairs, 2005).
[19] Government of Ghana Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, National Policy on Public Private Partnership (PPP) [2011]
[20] Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission, History (2020)
[21] International Monetary Fund, Public Private Partnerships [2004] < https://www.imf.org/external/np/ fad/2004/pifp/eng/031204.pdf>. Accessed 14 March 2021.
[22] Leitao J. and Sarmento E. M. and Aleluia J., The Handbook on Pubic-Private Partnerships in Developing and Emerging Economies: Perspectives of Public Policy, Entrepreneurship and Poverty (Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018)
[23] Ministry of Finance Singapore, Public Private Partnership Handbook: Version 2 [2012]
[24] Moreira T. F. and Sombra T. L., ‘The Public Private Partnership Law Review: Brazil’ in Moreira T. F. and Sombra T. L. (eds), The Public Private Partnership Law Reviews, (TLR, 5th edition, 2019)
[25] Nwangwu G., Public Private Partnerships in Nigeria: Managing Risks and Identifying Opportunities (Palgrave Macmillan 2016).
[26] Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Recommendation of the Council on Principles for Public Governance of Public Private Partnerships [May, 2012]
[27] Onuobia F. and Okoro O. J, ‘Nigeria’, in Wereck B. and Saadi M. (eds), Public Private Partnership Law Review (4th Ed., Tom Barnes 2018), 181
[28] Peterson G. E., Unlocking Land Values to Finance Urban Infrastructure (The World Bank, 2009).
[29] PPP Legal Research Centre, World Bank, What are Public Private Partnerships?
[30] Reynolds K., Public Private Partnerships in British Columbia, (Columbia Institute, 2018)
[31] Secretary to the Government of the Federation, ‘Administration of Concession Programme of the Federal Government of Nigeria’, Circular Ref. No. SGF.50/S.37/II/749 (Abuja, 14th September 2020).
[32] The Auditor General of British Columbia, Understanding Public Private Partnerships [2011]
[33] The European Commission, A Guide to the Statistical Treatment of PPPs [2016]
[34] The Parliamentary Budget Office, An Overview of Public Private Partnerships in Ireland: Houses of the Oireachtas Briefing Paper 5 [2018],
[35] Ti-UP Resource Centre, Public Private Partnerships in India (2010)
[36] UNCITRAL, Model Legislative Provisions on Privately Funded Infrastructure Projects [2004]
[37] World Bank, PPP Legal Research Centre, What are Public Private Partnerships?
[38] Yescombe E. R., Public Private Partnerships In Sub-Saharan Africa – Case Studies For Policy Makers, (Mkuki na Nyota publishers for Uongozi Institute, 2017);
[39] Zverev A., The Legal Framework For Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Concessions in Transition Countries: Evolution and Trends, Global Infrastructure Hub
Faruk Sani, “The Legal Concept of Public Private Partnership (PPP) and its Limited Scope in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.825-833 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5952
Download PDF
Mobile Financial Services and Mobile Commerce on Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya: A Case Study of Kitengela, Kajiado County
Mbithi George Mutiso, James Mwikya – September 2021 – Page No.: 834-843
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kenya face many unique challenges such as reluctance by commercial banks to meet their financial needs like payment and transactional services. The main purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between mobile financial services and mobile commerce services on performance of MSMEs in Kenya, in Kitengela, Kajiado County. The study was anchored on Technology, Organization and Environment (TOE) Framework and supported by Actor Network Theory (ANT) theory. The study employed descriptive research design. The target population was 817 formally registered MSMEs in Kitengela Town dealing in trade, services and manufacturing. The study employed Fisher Model to come up with sample size of 261. The study relied on primary data which was collected using questionnaires. Quantitative data was presented in frequency tables and figures while quantitative data was presented in prose form. The study result shows that mobile financial and mobile commerce services with R2=0.488 which means that around 49% of the performance of MSMEs in Kitengela town is influenced by mobile financial and mobile commerce services.
Mobile finance and mobile commerce services had a significant positive linear relationship of R=0.699 between mobile finance and mobile commerce services on the performance of MSMEs in Kitengela, Kajiado County. The results also indicated that the overall influence of mobile finance and mobile commerce services on performance of MSMEs in Kitengela, Kajiado County was significant (F =191.918, p < 0.05). The study result shows that there was linear relationship between mobile financial services and mobile commerce services on performance of MSMEs in Kitengela, Kajiado County. The study recommends that mobile money service providers should identify platforms capable of minimal delays and fast responses to increase adoption rates across the country
Page(s): 834-843 Date of Publication: 22 October 2021
Mbithi George Mutiso
Department of Business Administration, Management University of Africa, P.O Box 29677-00100, Nairobi Kenya
James Mwikya
Department of Computing and Information Technology, Kirinyaga University, P.O.Box: 143-10300, Kerugoya Kenya
[1] Abdil. S. (2011). The relationship between the mobile financial innovations and the performance of the MSMEs in Sweden- 1(3): 273-288.
[2] Keizers, B. W. G. (2017). Determinants of cash holdings for Dutch SME’s (Bachelor’s thesis, University of Twente).
[3] Ngaruiya, B. (2014). Effects of mobile money transactions on financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Nakuru central business district (Doctoral dissertation, Egerton University).
[4] Abong’o, M. O. (2016). Service Quality and Competiveness in Mobile Money Firms (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
[5] UNCTAD. (2017). Mobile Money for Business Development in the East African Community: A Comparative Study of Existing Platforms and Regulations.
[6] Njabu, I. T. (2016). The impact of the Mobile Money Services on the Growth of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Nkasi District Council (Doctoral dissertation, Master’s Thesis, Mzumbe University, Nkasi, Tanzania.
[7] Opare, E. A. (2018). The advantages and disadvantages of Mobile Money on the profitability of the Ghanaian banking industry. Texila International Journal of Management, 4(2), 1-8.
[8] Mararo, M. W. (2018). Influence of mobile money services on the growth of SME in Nakuru Town Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, JKUAT).
[9] Cook, W., & McKay, C. (2017). Banking in the M-PESA age: lessons from Kenya. Work. Pap. Washington, DC CGAP.
[10] Oromo, M. A. (2015). The relationship between mobile money and loans issued by commercial banks in Kenya, Unpublished MSC project, University of Nairobi.
[11] Kiprono, G. (2018). Effect of Mobile Money Innovations on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya, Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi.
[12] Arnold, M. (2017). European banks to launch block-chain trade finance platform. Financial Times.
[13] Li, H., & Atuagene-Gima, K. (2011). Product innovation strategy and the performance of new technology ventures in China. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6): 1123-1134
[14] Ban, S. (2011). The mobile money payments among the Micro business enterprises in Uganda, Doctoral dissertation, Kampala University.
[15] Banangaki, N. (2018). Mobile money services and market performance of micro business enterprises a case study of Nakawa Municipality.
[16] Batista, C. a. (2020). Adopting Mobile Money: Evidence from an Experiment in Rural Africa.” AEA Papers and Proceedings, 110: 594-98.
[17] Chale, P., & Mbamba, U. (2015). The role of mobile money services on growth of small and medium enterprises in Tanzania: Evidence from Kinondoni district in Dares-Salaam region. Business Management Review, 17(1).
[18] Mutio, F. M. (2019). Influence of Mobile Banking Services on Performance of Micro Businesses in the Informal Sector in Kenya: A Case Study of Jua Kali Artisans in Nairobi County (Doctoral dissertation, United States International University-Africa).
[19] Chau, N. T., & Deng, H. (2018). Critical determinants for mobile commerce adoption in Vietnamese MSMEs: a conceptual framework. Procedia computer science, 138(2) 433-440.
[20] Cherono. (2018). The relationship between the Mobile money transfers and the business performance- 1(3): 273-288.
[21] Davis. (1989). Perceived usefulness, Perceived ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 319-340.
[22] Fanta, A. B. (2016). The role of mobile money in financial inclusion in the SADC region. Evidence using Fin Scope surveys. Policy Research Paper No. 03/2016.
[23] Fleischer, T. &. (1990). Information And Management. A critial Review of the Technology Accepance Model, 191-204.
[24] Harfoushi. (2016). Technological innovation and small firms: a taxonomy”, International Small Business Journal, 9, 3.
[25] Iravonga. (2018). effects of the Mobile financial services on the financial performance of the small scale and medium enterprises in Kakamega County; Kenya- 1(3):273-288.
[26] Kabanda, D. K. (2014). The impact of mobile money services on the performance of the commercial banking sector in Uganda; A case study of MTN mobile money.
[27] Karimi. (2016). the impact of the financial services and communications on the performance of small and medium enterprises in the selected units in Kenya. Unpublished Thesis UON
[28] Kendall, J., Lyon, B., & Higgins, D. (2012). Mobile money usage patterns of Kenyan small and medium enterprises. Available at SSRN 2116481.
[29] Khaskheli, A., Jun, Y., & Bhuiyan, M. A. (2017). M-commerce and mobile apps: opportunities for MSMEs in developing countries. Marketing, 2(2).
[30] Khaskheli, A., Jun, Y., & Bhuiyan, M. A. (2017). M-commerce and mobile apps: opportunities for MSMEs in developing countries. Marketing, 2(2).
[31] Latour, C. A. (1981). The Digital Provide: Information (Technology), Market Performance and Welfare in the South Indian Fisheries Sector. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122, 879 − 924.
[32] Laura. (2014). Impact of the Mobile money transfers and usage on the microenterprises in Zambia- 1(3), 273-288.
[33] Lumu, E. (2017). Mobile money services and market performance of micro. Doctoral dissertation, Uganda Technology and Management University.
[34] Madila. (2016). Effectiveness of the Mobile money financial applications on the development of the medium and small enterprises in Tanzania- 1(3):273-288.
[35] Mararo, M. W. (2018). Influence of mobile money services on the growth of SME in Nakuru Town Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, JKUAT).
[36] Marulanda. (2015). Mobile Conditional Transfers on the performance of the business in Columbia- 1(3): 273-288.
[37] Masocha, R., & Dzomonda, O. (2018). Adoption of Mobile Money Services and the performance of small and medium enterprises in Zimbabwe. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, 22(3), 1-11.
[38] Masocha, R., & Dzomonda, O. (2018). Adoption of Mobile Money Services and the performance of small and medium enterprises in Zimbabwe. Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal.
[39] Mbogo, M. (2010). The impact of mobile payments on the success and growth of micro-business: The case of M-Pesa in Kenya. Journal of Language, Technology & Entrepreneurship in Africa, 2(1): 182-203.
[40] Mbogo. (2010). Impact of the Mobile Payments on the success and the Growth of the Micro-Business-The case of M-pesa in Kenya. 1(3): 273-288.
[41] Mosocha, O. a. (2018). Adoption of mobile commerce services and the performance of the small and medium enterprises in Zimbabwe. European Journal of Business and Management, 3(7), 59-77.
[42] Muhammad. (2011). Adoption of Mobile Commerce Service among Employed Mobile Phone Users in Bangladesh: Self-efficacy as A Moderator. 320-333.
[43] Mutinda, A. N. (2018). The effect of mobile phone based money transfers on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Nairobi County, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
[44] Ngaruiya, B. (2014). Effects of mobile money transactions on financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Nakuru Central Business District (Doctoral dissertation, Egerton University).
[45] Ngaruiya, B., Bosire, M., & Kamau, S. (2017). Effect of mobile money transactions on financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Nakuru Central Business District. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(12), 53-58.
[46] Ngaruya. (2014). the effects of the Mobile payments transactions on the financial performance of the small and Medium enterprises in Nakuru Central business District. MBA Project research paper. UON/2014.
[47] Nripendra, R. a. (2019). exploring the barriers of m-commerce adoption in MSMEs in the UK- 1(3), 273-288.
[48] Ntlatlapa, M. J. (2017). The determinants of mobile money adoption and usage: the case of Lesotho (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State).
[49] Nyaga. (2013). mobile commerce services on the performance of the small and medium enterprises in the urban town in Kenya.
[50] Okolo, V. C., & Obidigbo, C. (2014). Boosting small and medium enterprises performance in Nigeria through mobile commerce. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(9), 134-141.
[51] Oloko. (2015). Mobile Money transfers and the growth of the small and medium sized enterprises in Kenya- 1(3):273-288.
[52] Robertson, F. a. (2019). Impact of Mobile commerce on the Financial Performance of the MSMEs in Douala, Cameroon-320-333.
[53] Rogers. (1995).Diffusion of Innovations: Modifications of aModel for Telecommunications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 25-38. .
[54] Simiyu, C. N., & Oloko, M. (2015). Mobile money transfer and the growth of small and medium sized enterprises in Kenya: a case of Kisumu city, Kenya. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(5), 1056-1065.
[55] Söderberg, B. a. (2011). Mobile Money Payments among the Micro business enterprises in Uganda. 1(3), 273-288.
[56] Sun. (2006). Causal Relationships Between Perceived Enjoyment and Perceived ease of Use: An Alternative Approach. Journal of The Association for Information Systems.
[57] Talom, F. S. G., & Tengeh, R. K. (2020). The Impact of Mobile Money on the Financial Performance of the MSMEs in Douala, Cameroon. Sustainability, 12(1), 183.
[58] Talom, F. S. G., & Tengeh, R. K. (2020). The Impact of Mobile Money on the Financial Performance of the MSMEs in Douala, Cameroon. Sustainability, 12(1), 183.
[59] Tat. (2018). the opportunities and challenges of the mobile payment services in Sweden 267890//2018.
[60] Tobbin, P., & Kuwornu, J. K. (2011). Adoption of mobile money transfer technology: structural equation modeling approach. European Journal of Business and Management, 3(7), 59-77.
[61] Tumaini, I. N. (2016). The Impact of mobile money services on the growth of micro, small and medium enterprises in Nkasi district council (Doctoral dissertation, Mzumbe University).
[62] Wadada. (2015). The significance of the Mobile Money Transfer facilities on the business performance of the mobile money agents in Kukuubo business area in Uganda.
[63] Wambari. (2009). Mobile Banking In Developing Countries-A Case Study on Kenya. Information Technology, University of Applied Sciences.
Mbithi George Mutiso, James Mwikya , “Mobile Financial Services and Mobile Commerce on Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya: A Case Study of Kitengela, Kajiado County” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.834-843 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/834-843.pdf
Download PDF
The Implementation and Efficiency of One Door Integrated Services as Public Administration Reform at the Central Jakarta State Court Class 1A Special
Resha Agriansyah, Muhammad Basir-Cyio, Muhammad Nur Ali – September 2021 – Page No.: 844-851
This study aims to determine the nature of public administration reform and the implementation and efficiency of the One-Stop Integrated (PTSP) in the Central Jakarta District Court Class 1A Special. Using a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach, the authors explore the data through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The interview process was carried out to twenty-six informants, while data processing and analysis were carried out in three stages: data reduction, data display, and data verification. The results showed that 1)The essence of the application of PTSP at the Central Jakarta District Court is to create an integrated form of service to realize a service process that is fast, easy, transparent, measurable following predetermined standards in a unified process starting from the initial stage to the stage of completion of service products through one door. ; 2) implementation PTSP at the Central Jakarta District Court Class 1A Special as a form of public administration reform has been running well and effectively in integrated services to realize a service process that is fast, easy, transparent, measurable following standards. The power or efficiency of PTSPCentral Jakarta District Court Class 1A Special as a form of public administration reform is following 3 (three) principal indicators of the Good Governance Bappenas 2005, and the fourth indicator is optimal resources which are divided into two criteria, namely criteria for using technology based on PTSP SOPs and interviews the informants indicate that they have been met, while the human resource criteria based on the PTSP SOP and interviews with informants suggest that they have not been achieved or have not been met.
Page(s): 844-851 Date of Publication: 22 October 2021
Resha Agriansyah
Student of Doctoral Program of Social Sciences Study Program, Postgraduate Tadulako University
span class=”html-tag”> Muhammad Basir-Cyio
Lecturer of the Doctoral Program of the Social Sciences Study Program, Postgraduate Tadulako Universitas University
span class=”html-tag”> Muhammad Nur Ali
Lecturer of the Doctoral Program of the Social Sciences Study Program, Postgraduate Tadulako Universitas University
[1] Abbink, K., & Wu, K. (2017). Reward self-reporting to deter corruption: An experiment on mitigating collusive bribery. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 133, 256–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2016.09.013
[2] Asshiddiqie, J. (2012). Reform System manage justice. http://www.jimlyschool.com
[3] Barnett, WA, Hu, M., & Wang, X. (2019). Does the utilization of information communication technology promote entrepreneurship: Evidence from rural China. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 141, 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.01.007
[4] Braune, E., Sahut, J.-M., & Teulon, F. (2020). Intangible capital, governance and financial performance. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 154, 119934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.119934
[5] Bugin, B. (2011). Analysis of Qualitative Research Data for the 5th Print. Kencana.
[6] Cowell, R., Flynn, A., & Hacking, N. (2020). Conceptualizing environmental governance in turbulent times: Insights from Brexit and waste in the UK. Political Geography, 81, 102217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2020.102217
[7] Erbaugh, JT, & Nurrochmat, DR (2019). Paradigm shift and business as usual through policy layering: Forest-related policy change in Indonesia (1999-2016). Land Use Policy, 86, 136–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.04.021
[8] Gogus, A., & Saygın, Y. (2019). Privacy perception and information technology utilization of high school students. Heliyon, 5(5), e011614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01614
[9] Heffy, M. (2020). Public Service Management Reform Towards Good Governance. 16.
[10] Hidayat, LM (2007). Administrative Reform: A Comparative Study of the Governments of Three Presidents Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie, Abdurrahman Wahid Megawati Soekarnoputri. Main Library Gramedia.
[11] Isabel-Maria IM, G.-S., Prado-Lorenzo, JM, & Cuadrado-Ballesteros, B. (2011). Do progressive governments undertake different debt burdens? Partisans vs. electoral cycles. Revista de Contabilidad, 14(1), 29–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1138-4891(11)70021-8
[12] Miles, MB, Hibberman, AM, & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis. A Methods Source Book. Edition 3. Sage Publications. Translation, Cecep Rohindi. UI Press.
[13] Sedarmayanti, S. (2009). Public Administration Reform, Bureaucratic Reform, and Future Leadership (Realizing Excellent Service and Good Governance). Aditama Refika.
[14] Sugiyono. (2011). Qualitative Quantitative Research Methods and R&D. Alphabet.
[15] Sutjiatmi, S. (2012). Bureaucratic Reform in the Era of Regional Autonomy. http://www.perpus.upstegal.ac.id/jurnal
[16] Sutopo, S., & Suryanto, A. (2009). Excellent service. RI State Administration Institute.
[17] Teichmann, F., Falker, M.-C., & Sergi, BS (2020). Corruption and the circumvention of financial sanctions via the extractive industries in Dubai. The Extractive Industries and Society, 7(3), 1022–1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2020.05.006
[18] Zhang, C., & Chai, Y. (2014). Un-gated and integrated Work Unit communities in post-socialist urban China: A case study from Beijing. Habitat International, 43, 79–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.01.011
Resha Agriansyah, Muhammad Basir-Cyio, Muhammad Nur Ali, “The Implementation and Efficiency of One Door Integrated Services as Public Administration Reform at the Central Jakarta State Court Class 1A Special” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.844-851 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5953
Download PDF
Conflict Management: A Tool in Optimizing Effectiveness and Efficiency in Organizational Management
AJAYI, Ayodeji Daniel and OBOT, Samuel John – September 2021 – Page No.: 852-856
Conflict is inevitable in the interaction of human beings with one another in any organization around the world. It has come to stay as long as the relationship exists between different personalities. To avoid conflict as a leader may be practically impossible especially if such an organization would be successful in achieving its goals and objectives. What should be paramount in the mind of the leader is how to adequately manage the conflict so that it would not adversely affect the performance of the organization.
The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to establish the importance of conflict management as a tool in optimizing effectiveness and efficiency in organizational management. The paper takes a look at the major causes of conflicts in organizations; delves into understanding emotional intelligence and its importance in conflict resolutions. Because emotions play a big role in human life, the relationship between emotions and human behavior was also identified.
Conflict management is the independent variable while organizational effectiveness and efficiency is the dependent variable. The organization investigated is one of the faith-based schools in southwest Nigeria. Data collected was analyzed using multiple regression.
The paper affirmed that conflict management is an indispensable tool for organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Hence, strategies such as emotional intelligence among others were recommended to be fully implemented, in the quest to optimize effectiveness and efficiency in organizational performance.
Page(s): 852-856 Date of Publication: 22 October 2021
AJAYI, Ayodeji Daniel
Adventist University of Africa, Nigeria
OBOT, Samuel John
Adventist University of Africa, Nigeria
[1] Bisno, H. (1988). Managing conflict. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
[2] Blake, R., & Mouton, S. (1964). The managerial grid. Houston, TX: Gulf.
[3] Capozzoli, T. (1995). Resolving conflict within teams. The Journal for Quality Participation. Vol. 18. 7.
[4] Donohue, A. & Kolt, R. (1992). Managing Interpersonal Conflict, Newbury Park, CA, Sage Publications.
[5] Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. New York, Bantam Books.
[6] Gluckman, M. (1956). Customs and Conflict in Africa. Basil. Blackwell publisher Limited.
[7] Gross, J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review. Review of General Psychology. 2, 271–299.
[8] Gulliver, H. (1963). Social Control in African Society: A Study of the Arusha: Agricultural Masai of Northern Tanganyika. London: Rutledge and Kegan Paul.
[9] Madalina, O. (2015). Conflict management, a new challenge. 3rd global conference on business, economics, management and tourism. www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia
[10] Mayer, D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, R. (2004). Emotional intelligence: Theory, findings, and implications. Psychological Inquiry. 60, 197-215.
[11] Moberg, P. (2001). Linking conflict strategy to the five-factor model: Theoretical and empirical foundations. The International Journal of Conflict Management. 12(1), 47-68. doi: 10.1108/eb022849
[12] Morrison, J. (2008). The relationship between emotional intelligence competencies and preferred conflict-handling styles. Journal of Nursing Management. 1 6 (8), 9 7 4 – 9 8 3. do i: 1 0 . 1 1 1 1 / j. 1 3 6 5 – 2834.2008.00876.x
[13] Nanda, S. (1994). Cultural Anthropology. California: Wades worth Publishing Company.
[14] Rahim, A., & Bonoma, V. (1979). Managing organizational conflict: A model for diagnosis and intervention. Psychological Reports. 44(3c), 1323- 1344. doi:10.2466/pr0.1979.44.3c.1323
[15] Salovey, P., & Mayer, D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211. doi: 0.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
[16] Schellenberg, J. (1996). Conflict Resolution: Theory, Research, and Practice. New York: State University of New York Press.
[17] Serrat, O. (2010). Understanding and developing emotional intelligence. Washington, DC: Asian Development Bank.
[18] Thakore, D. (2013). Conflict and conflict management. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) e-ISSN: 2278-487X.Volume 8, Issue 6 PP 07-16. www.iosrjournals.org
[19] Thompson, L. (1998). The mind and heart of the negotiator. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
[20] Turkaji, Z., Fosic, I., & Davor, D. (2008). Conflict management in organization. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23535846
[21] Vashisht, R., Sighn, K., and Sharma, S (2018). Emotional Intelligence and its Relationship with Conflict Management and Occupational Stress: A Meta-Analysis. Pacific Business Review International. Volume 11 Issue 4.
[22] Zhu, J., Thagard, P. (2002). Philosophical psychology. Vol.15, No. 1.
AJAYI, Ayodeji Daniel and OBOT, Samuel John “Conflict Management: A Tool in Optimizing Effectiveness and Efficiency in Organizational Management” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.852-856 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/852-856.pdf
Download PDF
Emotional and Social Intelligence: A Gateway to Organizational Effectiveness
OBOT, Samuel John – September 2021 – Page No.: 857-862
Emotional and social intelligence plays a vital role in every organization which to a large degree explains the ability, capacity, and skills to be aware of one’s emotions and the emotions of others. This paper explores emotional and social intelligence as a gateway to organizational effectiveness. The study adopted a cross-sectional quantitative survey design using a total sample size of 305 teaching and non-teaching staff from Seventh Day Adventist High Schools located in Southwestern Nigeria. Three standardize instruments namely; Emotional Intelligence Scale, Social Intelligence Scale, and Organizational Effectiveness Scale were used in the study. Multiple regression analysis was employed to analyze the data using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 23. Results showed that there is a significant relative influence of Emotional Intelligence and Social Intelligence on Organizational Effectiveness. Findings also revealed that there is a significant composite influence of emotional and social intelligence on organizational effectiveness. It is concluded that emotional and social intelligence have a composite influence on the organizational effectiveness of Seventh Day Adventist schools in southwestern Nigeria. This is an indication that emotional and social intelligence are highly relevant to the success of any organization. It, therefore, recommended that organizations should engage their employees in emotional and social intelligence capacity building periodically and Human Resources personnel should include emotional and social intelligence tests in a bid to hire qualified and competent staff.
Page(s): 857-862 Date of Publication: 22 October 2021
OBOT, Samuel John
Babcock University Schools, Lagos, Nigeria
[1] Armstrong, A. L. (2006). Emotional intelligence and marketing effectiveness. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 27, 867-881
[2] Beikzade, J., & Soltandadashi, M. (2011). Consciousness in Twenty-first century. Article of Management development, 9010, 10-16
[3] Chiyem, N. L., & Anayo, U. (2016). Models-based Organizational Effectiveness Scale: Development and Validation. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 3(2), 2319-7064
[4] Deshwal, P. (2016). Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Performance. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Science, 5(1), 1-10
[5] Donatus, E. A., Nwokorie, E. C., & Zoakah, A. B. (2019). Assessing the impact of emotional and social intelligence on employee performance in selected hospitality and tourism organizations in Bauchi Metropolis. HATMAN Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 9 (2), 1-10.
[6] Ebrahimpoor, H., Zahed, A., & Elyasic, A. (2013). The study of relationship between social Intelligence and organizational performance (case study: Ardabil regional Water company’s managers). International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 2(1), 1-10
[7] Frankovský, M., & Birknerová, Z. (2014). Measuring Social Intelligence-The MESI Methodology. Asian Social Science, 10, 6-10.
[8] Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. New York, Bantam Books.
[9] Ho, L. (2008). What affects organizational performance? Industrial Management & Data System, 108-118.
[10] Khilmiyah, A., & Wiyono, G. (2020). Emotional and social intelligence assessment model for student character reinforcement. Research, Service and Publication Institute, 2(3), 2-15.
[11] Kim, H. J. (2008). Hotel service provider’s emotional labour: The antecedents and effects on burnout. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 27, 151-161.
[12] Koloor, H. R., & Seifollahi, N. (2018). Investigating the Effect of Social Intelligence on Innovative Performance (Case study: Moghan Agro-Industrial & Livestock Co.). Revista Publicando, 6(2), 8-12.
[13] Lathesh, K. R., & Avadhani, A. V. (2018). A Study on Social Intelligence and its Impact on Employee Performance of Insurance Sectors in Mysuru City. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(1), 530–537.
[14] Mali, R., Kocyigit, S., & Tugluk, M. (2012). Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2, 2269–2276
[15] Martin-Raugh, M. P., Harrison, J. K., & Stephan, J. M. (2016). Prosocial Knowledge Mediates Effects of Agreeableness and Emotional Intelligence on Prosocial Behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 90, 41–49.
[16] Masa’deh, R. (2016) The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Enhancing Organizational Effectiveness: The Case of Information Technology Managers in Jordan. Int. J. Communications, Network and System Sciences, 9, 234-249.
[17] Mayer, D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, R. (2004). Emotional intelligence: Theory, findings, and implications. Psychological Inquiry. 60, 197-215.
[18] Mehta, S., & Namrata, S. (2013). A Review paper on emotional intelligence: Models and relationships with other constructs. International Journal of Management and Information Technology, 4(3), 342-353.
[19] O’Boyle, E. H., Humphrey, R. H., Pollack, J. M., Hawver, T. H., & Story, P. A. (2011). The relation between emotional intelligence and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 32(5), 788–818.
[20] Parveen, N., & Somoro, A. M. (2014). Role of Emotional and Social Intelligence in Various Work Settings: A Review of Current Psychological Literature. Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology, 3(1), 79 -114
[21] Pekaar, K. A., Arnold, B., Bakker, D., & Marise, B. (2018). Self- and Other-Focused Emotional Intelligence: Development and Validation of the Rotterdam Emotional Intelligence Scale (REIS). Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 222–33.
[22] Puertas Molero, P., Félix, Z. O., José, L. U., & Gabriel, G. V. (2019). Influence of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout Syndrome on Teachers Well-Being: A Systematic Review. Social Sciences, 8, 185-188.
[23] Samadi, H. Z. (2006). Defining Social Intelligence Driving Customer Insight Through Social Media Data, Forrester Research, Inc. Reproduction Prohibited, 1-14.
[24] Silvera, D. H., Martinussen, M., & Dahl, T. I. (2001). The Tromso Social Intelligence Scale, a self-report measure of social intelligence. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 42, 313-319.
[25] Srivastava, K. (2013). Emotional intelligence and organizational effectiveness. Ind Psychiatry J., 22(2): 97–99.
[26] Ugoani, J. N. N. (2016). Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Competitiveness: Management Model Approach Independent. Journal of Management & Production, 7(3), 1-4.
OBOT, Samuel John , “Emotional and Social Intelligence: A Gateway to Organizational Effectiveness” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.857-862 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/857-862.pdf
Download PDF
ICT Competence and Science Teachers’ Instructional Effectiveness in Northern Cross River State, Nigeria
Opie, Oko Ngaji & Oko-Ngaji, Veronica A. – September 2021 – Page No.: 863-867
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) competence on science teachers’ classroom instructional effectiveness using teachers in secondary schools in Northern Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve research objectives, three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A random sample of 193 science teachers was selected using the multistage sampling technique from a total of 371 science teachers in public and private secondary schools in the area. Two well validated rating scales, the ICT Competence Inventory (ICI) with a reliability co-efficient of 0.91 and the Classroom Instructional Effectiveness Scale (CIES) with a Cronbach co-efficient of 0.84, were used to obtained data. The data were subjected to t-test analysis using the SPSS version 23.0. The results of the study revealed that the level of ICT competence among the science teachers was significantly below the expected minimum competency level. Majority of the teachers were not competent in ICT. Male science teachers were significantly higher in their mean ICT competence than their female counterparts while science teachers, who are ICT competent, were significantly more effective in their classroom instructional effectiveness than those who were not ICT competent. It was recommended amongst others that school proprietors, government and non-governmental organizations should initiate practical and realistic programmes towards the training of science teachers on ICT while special preference should be given to the female science teachers during such trainings as this will ultimately enhance their instructional effectiveness.
Page(s): 863-867 Date of Publication: 22 October 2021
Opie, Oko Ngaji
Department of General Studies Education, F. C. E. Obudu, Nigeria
span class=”html-tag”> Oko-Ngaji, Veronica A.
Department of Social Studies, F.C.E. Obudu, Nigeria
[1] Akiri, A.A. and Ubgorugbo, M. N. (2017). Teachers’ effectiveness and students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Delta state, Nigeria (published online) https://doi.org pp107-113.
[2] Akpan, C.P. (2014). ICT competence and lecturers’ job efficacy in universities in Cross River State, Nigeria. International Journal of Humanities and social science, 4(10), 259-266.
[3] Akram, M. (2019). Relationship between students’ perception of teachers’ effectiveness and students’ achievement at secondary school level. Bulletin of Education and Research, 41(2), 93-108.
[4] Asubiojo, R. & Ajaiyi, J.A. (2017). The role of Information and Communication Technology in enhancing instructional effectiveness in teacher education in Nigeria. KIU Journal of Social Sciencea, 3(2), 289-296.
[5] Azeta, A.A. & van der Merive, M. (2018). Gender difference and technology usage amongst post graduate students in a Christian University. Retrieved on 28/08/2021 from http://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng.
[6] Badu, M.K & Sakyo, J. (2013). Assessment of ICT teachers’ competence to implement the new ICT curriculum in North Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 4(27), 10 – 20.
[7] Briones, C.B. (2018). Teachers’ competency on the use of ICT in teaching Physics in junior high school. https://knepublishing.com. Retrieved on 28/08/2021.
[8] Brown, C.G (2012). A systematic review of the relationship between self-efficacy and burnout in teachers. Educational and Child Psychology, 29, 47-63.
[9] Chamyal, S.D. (2021). A comparative study of teacher effectiveness and personality traits of senior secondary school teachers on the basis of their information and communication teaching knowledge. Retrieved on 28/08/2021 from www.ijariie.com.
[10] Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004). National Policy on Education, 4th edition, Abuja: NERDC.
[11] Fomsi, E.F. & Orduah, S.O. (2017). Gender differences in the use of ICT among teachers in model primary schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. British Journal of Education, 5 (4), 88-94.
[12] Garcia, P.L.S., Kupezynski, L. & Holland, G. (2011). The impact of teacher personality styles on academic excellence of secondary students. National Forum of Teacher Education Journal, 21, 1-8.
[13] Hatite, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of 803+ meta-analysis on achievement. Abingdon: Rontledge.
[14] John, O.P, Naumann, L.P & Soto, C.J. (2008). Paradigm shift to the integrative big five trait taxonomy. Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research, 3, 114 – 158.
[15] Kane, T., Kerr, K. and Pianta, R (2014). Designing teacher Evaluation systems. New guidance from the measures of effective teaching project. San Francisco, CA; Jossey-Bass.
[16] Kim, L.E; Jorg, V. and Wassen, M.R (2019. A meta-analysis of the effect of teacher personality on Teacher effectiveness and burnout. Educational Psychology Review, 31, 163-195.
[17] Ololube, N.P (2006). Appraising the relationship between ICT usage and integration and the standard of teacher education programs in a developing economy. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Community Teaching,2(3), 70 – 85.
[18] Opie, O.N; Igiri, I.E & Ojating, H. (2008) computer literacy and the challenges of quality research among academics in colleges of education in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Educational Research and Evaluation, 8 (3), 124-133.
[19] Oviawe, J.I. (2016). Teachers’ effectiveness as correlates of students’ academic achievement in Basic technology in Nigeria. International journal of Academic research in Progressive education and development, 5(2). www.hrmars.com.
[20] Ramayah, T.; Jantan, M & Aafagi, B (2003). Internet usage among students of institution of higher learning. The role of motivational variables. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Asian Academy of Applied Business conference, Saba, Malaysia, July 10-12, 2003.
[21] Soffer, T. & Raban Y. (2003). Gender and ICT’s; implication for policy and strategy.e-living consortium: (online). www.euresion.dele-living.com.
Opie, Oko Ngaji & Oko-Ngaji, Veronica A., “ICT Competence and Science Teachers’ Instructional Effectiveness in Northern Cross River State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.863-867 September 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.5954
Download PDF
Combined Share Price Index (IHSG) In Indonesia Stock Exchange Affected By Regional Asia Southeast Exchange Index
Tiolina Evi, Ignatius Septo Pramesworo – September 2021 – Page No.: 868-878
This study aims to examine the effect of the Southeast Asia Regional Stock Exchange Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange Index either partially or simultaneously. The three indexes for Southeast Asia are the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (Malaysia), the Straits Times Index (Singapore), and the Stock Exchange Thailand (Thailand). Meanwhile, Indonesia is represented by the Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG). Simple sample method used by collecting data for 60 months from January 2014 to December 2017. Data analysis to test the hypothesis of this study using Eviews version 8. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis method. The results of this study indicate that the three Asian Regional Stock Exchange Indices partially or simultaneously have a positive effect on the Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG).
Page(s): 868-878 Date of Publication: 23 October 2021
Tiolina Evi
Accounting Department, Faculty of Economic and Business, Perbanas Institute Jakarta, Indonesia
Ignatius Septo Pramesworo
Management Department, Faculty of Economic and Business, Perbanas Institute Jakarta, Indonesia
[1]. Ang, R. (1997). Buku Pintar Pasar Modal Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Media Staff Indonesia.
[2]. Azhar, D. (2010). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pergerakan Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Jurusan Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Gunadarma.
[3]. Darmadji, Tjiptono dan Hendi, M, Fakhruddin, 2001. Pasar Modal di Indonesia: Pendekatan Tanya Jawab. (Ed 1), Jakarta, Indonesia: Salemba Empat.
[4]. Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient Capital Markets: A review of Theory and Empirical Work. Jounal of Finance. 25 (2), 383-417. doi.org/10.2307/2325486
[5]. Hidayah, N. (2011). Pengaruh Indeks Bursa Asia Tenggara terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Jurusan Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Gunadarma
[6]. Immanuel, R. (2015). Analisis Pengaruh Indikator MakroEkonomi dan Indeks Saham Regional Asean terhadap Pasar Saham Indonesia (IHSG) Periode pada Tahun 2009-2014. Surabaya, Indonesia: Universitas Brawijaya.
[7]. Supranto, J. (1994). Statistik. Jakarta, Indonesia: Penerbit Erlangga.
[8]. Kowanda, D., et al. (2014). Pengaruh Bursa Saham Global, ASEAN, dan Harga Komoditas terhadap IHSG, dan Nilai Tukar EUR/USD. Jurnal Akuntansi & Manajemen. 25(2), August 2014, 79-88.
[9]. Muzammil, A. (2011). Analisis Pengaruh Indeks Saham Asia Tenggara terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jakarta, Indonesia: Jurusan Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran”.
[10]. Rahmanta. (2009). Aplikasi Eviews dalam Ekonometrika. Medan, Indonesia: Universitas Sumatera Utara.
[11]. Santosa, B. (2014). Integrasi Pasar Modal Kawasan Cina – ASEAN. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan. 14 (1), June 2013, 78-91.
[12]. Suad, Husnan and Enny, Pudjiastuti. 2004. Basics of Financial Management. UPP.
[13]. Sunariyah. 2006. Introduction to Capital Market Knowledge. UPP AMP YKPN Publisher: Yogyakarta.
Tiolina Evi, Ignatius Septo Pramesworo , “Combined Share Price Index (IHSG) In Indonesia Stock Exchange Affected By Regional Asia Southeast Exchange Index” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.868-878 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/868-878.pdf
Download PDF
Role of NGOs in Rural Development
Dr. Dennis Kuyenda Lembani, Ph.D – September 2021 – Page No.: 879-888
The genesis of this study was from the realization that little was known about roles of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in rural development and this article basically examines conceptually the role of NGOs in rural development. It looks at the meaning of NGOs, the various classifications of NGOs, areas of involvement of NGOs, their role and mode of operation and their sources of funds. This desk study was necessitated by the reports coming from the rural areas and other renowned scholars and academic institutions on the miniature information about the roles of NGOs in rural development. Through the usage of desk study, the researcher’s interest was to look through literature on the experiences of different areas in the role of NGOs in rural development. Few NGOs activities in countries specifically Zambia have been cited; but are not limited to, education, agriculture & livestock, democratic governance, environmental, socio-economic, advocacy and human rights’ work and they work to promote social or political change on a broad scale or very locally. NGOs play a critical part in developing society, improving communities, and promoting citizen participation. The paper concluded and recommended among others that there is need for NGOs to thorough review and establishment of criteria for NGOs to secure required standards of management skills and quality in their project implementation in rural areas.
Page(s): 879-888 Date of Publication: 23 October 2021
Dr. Dennis Kuyenda Lembani, Ph.D.
Department of Adult & Extension Studies-Pst.Grad.TM., School of Education, The University of Zambia
Author; Former Program Manager-Heifer International Zambia
[1] Adalemo, I. A. (1987) “Rural Development – New Imperative” Journal of the Institute of Town Planners. Vols. Vii and ix.
[2] Chilokwu, I. (2016) “Corporative & Rural Community Programs.” Readings in Cooperative Economics & Management: Computer Edge Publishers, Lagos.
[3] Bob-Milliar, G. (2005). NGOs in Ghana-profit making organizations? Retrieved August 11, 2021 from: Www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/artikel.php? ID=80271.
[4] Deavers, L. and Brown, D. (2009). Natural Resources Dependence, Rural Development and Rural Poverty, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington.
[5] De Haas, H. (2016). Rural Development: A Reference Framework, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Boon.
[6] Edwards, M. and Hulme, D. (1995). Non-Governmental Organizations -Performance and Accountability: Beyond the Magic Bullet, Earthscan, London.
[7] Ferraro, V. (1996). Dependency Theory: An Introduction, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley.
[8] Fowler, A. (1988). NGOs in Africa: Comparative Advantage in Relief and Micro Development, IDS Press Ltd, Brighton
[9] Frank A. G. (2002). The Development of Underdevelopment. Anchor Books, New York.
[10] Guinjoan, E., Badia, A. & Tulla, F.(2016). The New Paradigm of Rural Development. Theoretical Considerations and Reconceptualization Using The ‘Rural Web’. De la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles N.º 71 – 2016, págs. 495-500.
[11] Harvey, D. (2005). A Brief History of Neo-Liberalism, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
[12] Hinzen, H. (2000) Education for All: The Dakar Framework for Action – Meeting our Collective Commitments: Adult Education and Development 55, Institute of International Cooperation, German Adult Education Association.
[13] Hobo T. (1996). Endogenous Development and Rural Villages in Japan, Iwanami Shoten.
[14] Jussawalla, M. (2013). The Economics of Intellectual Property in a World Without Frontiers, A study of Computer Software, Greenwood Press, New York.
[15] IFAD I. F. (2016). Rural Development Report: Fostering inclusive rural transformation. Rome, Italy: Quantity.
[16] IFAD (2001). Rural poverty: The challenge of rural poverty. Oxford: IFAD.
[17] Lembani D.K. (2019). Perceptions on Adult Literacy Disparities. A Doctoral Dissertation.Department of Education, Lusaka: ZAOU Press.
[18] Lembani D.K. (2020). Challenges of Rural Education in Zambia. Green Publication.
[19] Linda C., and Frik D.B. (2004). Development Problems and Institutions. UNISA Press.
[20] Michael P. T. and Stephen C.S. (2011). Economic Development. Eleventh edition. Pearson publishers.
[21] Ministry of General Education (2014). Report on the status of adult literacy in Zambia. Policy on adult education. Lusaka. Government Printers.
[22] Obot I. D. (2006) “Rural Development Program of the DFRRI in Cross River: A Pessimistic View” Journal of the Institute of Town Planners Vols. Viii and ix.
[23] Ogbazi, N. J. (2006). “The Role of Agricultural Education in Rural Development in
[24] Umebal E. E. and Akuibilo, C. J. C. (2006) Readings in Cooperative Economics and Management: Computer Edge Publishers Lagos.
[25] Olayide, S. O.; Ogunfowura, O.; Essang, S. M. and Idachaba, F. S. (2013) “Elements of Rural Economics, University Press: Ibadan.
[26] Oquaye, M et al (1996). Government and NGOs Relations in Ghana, Friedrich Ebert foundation, Accra.
[27] Pearce, J. (2020). Development, NGOs and Civil Society, 7th Ed. Oxfam, Oxford.
[28] Pressler, L. and Swenson D. (2017). Rural and Small-city Elderly, American University Press, Washington.
[29] Richard, M. (2018). The Evaluation of Cultural Action, Macmillan, London.
[30] Servaes, J. (2010), Communication for Development: One World, multiple cultures, Hampton Press, New Jersey.
[31] Singh, K. H. (2005), Principles, Policies and Management, EB Publications, Zambia.
[32] Sinnott, B. (2012). People and Parliament in the European Union, Routledge Publishing London.
[33] Sundaram, S. (2020). Rural Development. Mumbai: Himalaya.
[34] Todaro, MP. (2004). Economic Development. 5th edition/ New York: Longman.
[35] Tight, F., (2006). “Education and the culture concept.” Africa 23 (1953):110-26. Umebali, E. E. and Akubuilo, C. J. C. (2006). “Principles of Rural Development” Readings in Cooperative Economics and Management, Computer Edge Publishers: Lagos.
[36] Umebali, E. E. (2011). Rural Resources Farm Business Management and Rural Development: Computer Edge Publishers: Lagos.
[37] United Nations (2001). Human Development Report. New York: united Nations.
[38] United Nations (2014). World urbanization Prospects Report, 2014. New York: United Nations.
[39] Wooller, J., and Warner, S. (2017). An innovative flexible program for rural women;
[40] Australia, Oxford: Oxfam.
[41] World Bank Group. (2017). Zambia Review World Bank.
[42] WVI, (2005): A Case Study of Uganda World Vision International, Africa Office, 2005.
Dr. Dennis Kuyenda Lembani, Ph.D, “Role of NGOs in Rural Development” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.879-888 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/879-888.pdf
Download PDF
Workplace Deviant Behaviour and Performance of Tertiary Institutions in Edo State, Nigeria
Chinedu Onyeizugbe (Ph.D); Purity Ndubuisi-Okolo (Ph.D) and Odia, Robert Ikhuenekhemhe – September 2021- Page No.: 889-905
This study examined the extent to which workplace deviant behaviour relates to performance in tertiary institutions in Edo State. The objective of this study is to examine the extent of relationship that exists between workplace deviant behaviour and performance in tertiary institutions in Edo State. A total number of 386 copies of structured questionnaire were administered to the respondents domicile in the selected tertiary institutions under study using purposive sampling technique and 300 copies of questionnaire were retrieved from the respondents. This study was guided by one research question and one hypothesis, and the descriptive research design was adopted. The data used was primary data collected through a structured questionnaire. The data collected was prepared using descriptive statistics and the hypothesis was tested using spearman Ranking Correlation with the aid of SPSS version 21. The findings revealed that political deviance has a negative but significant relationship with job satisfaction. The researcher recommends that organizational leaders should ensure that negative political deviant behaviours are reduced to the barest minimum for better performance because political deviance hampers efficient performance, and need to be discouraged in order to ensure job satisfaction in tertiary institutions because negative political deviant behaviours has an inverse relationship with performance.
Page(s): 889-905 Date of Publication: 23 October 2021
Chinedu Onyeizugbe (Ph.D)
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Purity Ndubuisi-Okolo (Ph.D)
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Odia, Robert Ikhuenekhemhe
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
[1] Abubakar, A.M. & Arasli, H. (2016). Dear top management, please don’t make me a cynic:intention to sabotage. Journal of Management Development, 35(10), 1266-1286.
[2] Adeyinka, T., Ayeni, C. O., & Popoola, S. O. (2007). Work motivation job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of library personnel in Academic and Research Libraries in Oyo State, Nigeria.Library Philosophy and Practice.
[3] Agbonifoh, B.A. & Yomere, G.O. (1999).Research methodology in the management and social sciences. Benin City, Nigeria: University of Benin Press.
[4] Ahmad, A. & Omar, Z. (2013). Abusive supervision and deviant workplace behaviour: The mediating role of work-family conflict. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 9(2), 124-130.
[5] AL-Fayyad, M. (2015). Validating typology of Robinson and Bennett of deviant workplace behaviour (DWB) in Jordanian industrial sector in Zarqa City. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 5(4), 31-45.
[6] Alias, M., Rasdi, R.M., Ismail, M. & Samah, A.B. (2013). Influences of individual-related factors and job satisfaction on workplace deviant behaviour among support personnel in Malaysian public service organisations. Human Resource Development International, 16(5), 538-557.
[7] Appelbaum, S.H., Iaconi, G.D. & Matousek, A. (2007). Positive and negative deviant workplace behaviours: Causes, impacts, and solutions. Corporate Governance, 7(5), 586-598.
[8] Baig, F. & Ullah, Z. (2017). Curing workplace deviance through organisational justice in the mediating role of job satisfaction: The case of NGOs in Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Management Sciences, 3(1), 1-21.
[9] Barraco, D.L. (2001). Equal opportunity climate and total quality management: A preliminary study, Patricks: Research Dir. Press.
[10] Bazaraite, E. & Coubaneichvili, O. (2008). Country cultural effects on deviant workplace behaviour: Poland and France perspective. Unpublished bachelor dissertation. Kristianstad University College.
[11] Bashir, M., Abrar, M.,Yousaf, M.,Saqib, S. &Shabbir, R. (2019).Organizational Politics and Workplace Deviance in Unionized Settings: Mediating Role of JobStress and Moderating Role of Resilience.Dove Press Journal of Psychology Research and Behaviour Management, 12, 943–959.
[12] Bennet, R.J. & Robinson, S.L. (2003). The past, present, and future of workplace deviance research.
[13] Bennett, R.J. & Robinson, S.L. (2000).The development of a measure of workplace deviance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(3), 349-360.
[14] Bititci, U.S. (2000). Dynamics of performance measurement system.International Journal of Operations and Production Management. 20 (6), 693-704.
[15] Blickle, G., & Schütte, N. (2017). Trait psychopathy, task performance, and counterproductive work behavior directed toward the organization. Personality and Individual Differences, 109, 225-231.
[16] Boekhorst, J.A. (2015).The role of authentic leadership in fostering workplace inclusion: A social information processing perspective. Human Resource Management, 54(2), 241-264.
[17] Fagbohungbe, B.O., Akinbode, G.A. & Ayodeji, F. (2012). Organisational determinant of workplace deviant behaviours: An empirical analysis in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(5), 207-220.
[18] Faheem, M.A. & Mahmud, N. (2015). The effects of organisational justice on workplace deviance and job satisfaction of employees: Evidence from a public sector hospital of Pakistan. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(5), 342.
[19] Fox, S. & Spector, P.E. (1999).A model of work frustration-aggression. Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 915-931.
[20] Galperin, B.L. (2002). Determinants of deviance in the workplace: An empirical examination in Canada and Mexico.Unpublished doctoral dissertation.Concordia University, Montreal.
[21] Gavrea, C., Ilies, L. & Stegerean, R. (2011). Determinants of organizational performance: The case of Romania, Management & Marketing Challenges for the Knowledge Society, 6(2), 285-300.
[22] Ghalayini, A.M. & Noble, J.S. (2004).The Changing Basis of Performance Measurement. International Journal of Operations and Production Management. 16 (8), 194-197.
[23] Griffin, R.W. & Lopez, Y.P. (2005). “Bad behaviour” in organisations: A review and typology for future research. Journal of Management, 31(6), 988-1005.
[24] Guay, R.P., Choi, D., Oh, I.S., Mitchell, M.S., Mount, M.K. & Shin, K.H. (2016). Why people harm the organisation and its members: Relationships among personality, organisational commitment, and workplace deviance. Human Performance, 29(1), 1-15.
[25] Gujarati, D.N. & Porter, D.C. (2009). Basic Econometrics. 5th Edition, McGraw Hill Inc., New York.
[26] Harvey, P., Martinko, M.J. & Borkowski, N. (2016). Justifying deviant behaviour: The role of attributions and moral emotions. Journal of Business Ethics, 141(4), 779-795.
[27] Hershcovis, M.S., Turner, N., Barling, J., Arnold, K.A., Dupre, K.E., Innes, M. … & Sivanathan,
[28] N. (2007).Predicting workplace aggression: a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(1), 228-231.
[29] Hofer, P. D. (2001). Workplace deviance, organizational citizenship behavior, and business unit performance: The bad apples do spoil the whole barrel. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(1), 67-80.
[30] Howladar, M. H. R., Rahman, S. & Uddin, A. (2018). Deviant Workplace Behavior and Job Performance:The Moderating Effect of Transformational Leadership. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), 11(1), 147-183.
[31] Hussein, I. (2015). Deviant workplace behaviour: Examining the role of some antecedents and moderators. Unpublished doctoral thesis.Pondicherry University, Pondicherry.
[32] Igbinovia, P.E., Okonofua, B.A., Omoyibo, K.U. & Osunde, O.O. (2003).Deviance: Nature, theories, typologies and trends. Benin-City: Kryme Monitor Books.
[33] Igbokwe-Ibeto, C.J., Agbodike, F. & Osawe, C. (2015). Work content in the Nigerian civil service and its implication on sustainable development. Singaporean Journal of Business, Economics and Management Studies, 51(2), 1-16.
[34] Iqbal, M.Z., Arif, I.M. & Badar, S. (2012). A comparative study of deviant workplace behavior of teaching staff of public and private universities of Punjab-Pakistan. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 2(12), 2128-2137.
[35] Ivancenich, J.M. & Matteson, M.T. (1999).Organizational behaviour and management, (Fifth edition). Irwin: McGraw Hill.
[36] Jensen, M.C. & Meckling, W.H. (2001). Theory of the firm managerial behaviour, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305-360.
[37] Kaplan, H.B. (1975). Self-attitudes and deviant behaviour. Pacific Palisades, CA: Goodyear.
[38] Kaplan, R.S. & Norton, D.P. (1993). “Putting the balanced scorecard to work”, Harvard Business Review, September-October, 134-147.
[39] Lebans, M. & Euske, K. (2006). “A conceptual and operational delineation of performance”, Business Performance Measurement, Cambridge University Press.
[40] Lee, E.K & Ji, E.J (2018). The moderating role of leader-member exchange in the relationships between emotional labour and burnout in clinical nurses. Asian Nursing Research.1-6.
[41] Logan, T.R. (2016). Influence of teamwork behaviours on workplace incivility as it applies to nurses. Creighton Journal of Interdisciplinary Leadership, 2(1), 47-53.
[42] Luthan, F. (1998).Organizational behavior, 8th edition. Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill.
[43] Mark, S., Philip, L. & Adrian, T. (2009).Research methods for business students (Fifth edition): Pearson Education Limited.
[44] Mayanja, S., Ntayi, J. M., Munene, J. C., Wasswa, B. &Kibirango, M. M. (2019).Critique does not equate to rebellion: Positive deviance and entrepreneurial networking among small and medium enterprises in Uganda. African Journal of Business Management, 13(1), 11-22.
[45] Mekpor, B. & Dartey-Baah, K. (2017). Leadership styles and employees’ voluntary work behaviors in the Ghanaian banking sector. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(1), 74-88.
[46] Muafi, J. (2011). Causes and consequence deviant workplace behaviour.International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 2(2), 123-126.
[47] Nasir, M. & Bashir, A. (2012). Examining workplace deviance in public sector organizations of Pakistan. International Journal of Social Economics, 39(4), 240-253.
[48] Ng, T. W. H. (2017). Transformational leadership and performance outcomes: Analyses of multiple mediation pathways. The Leadership Quarterly, 28(3), 385-417.
[49] Norsilan, I.N., Omar, Z. & Ahmad, A. (2014). Workplace deviant behaviour: Does employee psychological job demand and lack of job resources influence employee workplace deviant behaviour? Journal of Malaysian Psychology, 28(2), 39-62.
[50] Olabimitan, B. & Alausa, W.M. (2014). Psychological factors predicting workplace deviance behaviour among nurses in the public health sector in Lagos. Nigerian Journal of Applied Behavioural Sciences, 2(June), 137-152.
[51] Olorunsola, E. O. (2012). Job satisfaction and personal characteristics of administrative staff in South West Nigerian University.Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 3(1), 1391 – 1406.
[52] Olsen, E., Bjaalid, G., & Mikkelsen, A. (2017). Work climate and the mediating role of workplace bullying related to job performance, job satisfaction, and work ability: A study among hospital nurses.
[53] Omar, F., Halim, F., Zainah, A. & Farhadi, H. (2011). Stress and job satisfaction as antecedents of workplace deviant behaviour. World Applied Science Journal, 12 (Special Issue of Social and Psychological Sciences for Human Development), 46-51.
[54] Peterson, D.K. (2002). Deviant workplace behaviour and the organization’s ethical climate. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17(1), 47-61
[55] Rahim, M. A., & Cosby, D. M. (2016). A model of workplace incivility, job burnout, turnover intentions, and job performance. Journal of Management Development, 35(10), 1255-1265.
[56] Reio, T.G. & Ghosh, R. (2009). Antecedents and outcomes of workplace incivility: Implication for human resource development research and practice. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 20(3), 237-264.
[57] Robbins, S. P (2003). Organizational behaviour concept, controversies, application.8th edition. New Jersey: Prentice – Hall International.
[58] Robinson, S.L. & Bennett, R.J. (1995). A typology of deviant workplace behaviours: A multidimensional scaling study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 555-572.
[59] Rogojan, P. (2009). Deviant workplace behaviour in organisations: Antecedents, influences, and Remedies. Unpublished diploma thesis. Universitat Wien.
[60] Sarwar, M., Awan, R., Alam, M. & Anwar, M.N. (2010). Location and gender differences in deviant behaviour among primary school teachers. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 97-101.
[61] Spreitzer, G.M. & Sonenshein, S. (2014). Toward the construct definition of positive deviance. American Behavioural Scientist, 47(6) 828-847.
[62] Suleiman, E.N. (2013). Dismantling democratic states.Princeton University Press.
[63] Uddin, M. A., Rahman, M. S., & Howlader, M. H. R. (2017). Empirical study on transformational leadership behavior, job performance, deviant workplace behavior and gender: Evidence from a study in Bangladesh. European Journal of Management Studies, 22(2), 77-97.
[64] Ugwu, E.S. & Okafor, C.O. (2017). Organisational commitment, occupational stress, and core self-evaluation as predictors of workplace deviance. Frontiers in Cognitive Psychology, 2(2), 46-52.
[65] Ugwu, L.I., Enwereuzor, I.K., Fimber, U.S. & Ugwu, D.I. (2017). Nurses’ burnout and counterproductive work behaviour in a Nigerian sample: The moderating role of emotional intelligence. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 7, 106-113.
[66] Um-e-Laila, I., Salman, I. &Mamoona, R. (2019). Abusive supervision and workplace deviance: The moderating role of power distance. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), ISSN 2309-8619, Johar Education Society, Pakistan (JESPK), Lahore, 13(2), 334-357.
[67] Warren, D.E. (2003). Constructive and destructive deviance in organizations.Academy of Management Review, 28(4), 622-632.
[68] Wise, L.R. & Ischirthart, M. (2000). Examining empirical evidence on diversity effects: How useful is diversity research for public sector managers? Public Administration Review.60(5), 318.
[69] Yildiz, B., Alpkan, L., Sezen, B. & Yildiz, H. (2015).A proposed conceptual model of destructive deviance: The mediator role of moral disengagement.11th International Strategic Management Conference. Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 207, 414-423.
[70] Zheng, W., Wu, Y.-C.J., Chen, X. & Lin, S.-J. (2017). Why do employees have counterproductive work behavior? The role of founder’s Machiavellianism and the corporate culture in China. Management Decision, 55(3), 563-578.
Chinedu Onyeizugbe (Ph.D); Purity Ndubuisi-Okolo (Ph.D) and Odia, Robert Ikhuenekhemhe , “Effectiveness of CRT on Secondary School Students’ Attitude towards Cigarette Smoking in Akwa South LGA” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.889-905 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/889-905.pdf
Download PDF
Trauma of Poverty and its Psychological Impact: A Case of Kenya
Elijah Macharia Ndung’u (PhD) – September 2021- Page No.: 906-915
Extreme poverty is a tormenting, dehumanizing and distressing daily phenomenon for the poor and vulnerable in society, which may cause extreme distress to the non-resilient poor hence a predisposing factor to trauma. The study argues that much as poverty and the associated trauma can be explained in economic terms, interventions ought to be more elastic, stretching beyond economic limits and hence, take cognizance of the psychological dimension whose effects and impacts cannot be underestimated. The study assessed how trauma arising from poverty is indeed traumatizing to the poor, marginalized and less resilient poor people in society. The researcher adopted a cross-sectional research design and triangulation method (mixes both qualitative and quantitative approach of research). The study areas were Nairobi and Nakuru Counties representative of the urban and rural setting respectively. The study population included social work practitioners, social work clients and key social work informants. The research study covered a total of 141 respondents (n=141). This comprised of 91 social work practitioners, 10 key informants and 40 social work clients. Data collection involved structured and semi-structured questionnaires and interview guides. SPSS (ver. 20 for Windows) was used for data analysis. The key findings of the study were; trauma of poverty was noted as a major issue among the social work clients by social workers and had a high prevalence rate of 64.8%. As such almost all social workers (94.5%) were in agreement that addressing trauma of poverty should be given key priority while addressing poverty related issues.
Page(s): 906-915 Date of Publication: 23 October 2021
Elijah Macharia Ndung’u (PhD)
Department of Counselling Psychology, Catholic University of Eastern Africa
[1] American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental Disorders, (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author
[2] American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (4th text revised edition). Washington DC: Author
[3] Anand, P. & Lea, S. (2011). The psychology and behavioural economics of poverty. Journal of Economic Psychology,32(2), 284-293
[4] Batty, E. & Flint, J. (2010). Self-esteem, comparative poverty and neighbourhoods. Research paper No. 7. Centre for regional economic and social research: Sheffield Hallam University
[5] Becker, D. (2004). Dealing with the consequences of organised violence in trauma work. (Edited version, August 2004. 1st launch January 2001). Berghof research center for constructive conflict management. Retrieved from http://www.berghof-handbook.net
[6] Bloom, S. L. (1999). Trauma theory abbreviated. Retrieved from http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/587966/trauma_theory_abbreviated_sandra_bloom.pdf
[7] Bracken, P.J. & Petty, C. (Eds.). (1998). Rethinking the trauma of war. London: Free Association Books
[8] Bradshaw, J., Kemp, P., Baldwin, S. & Rowe, A. (2004). The drivers of social exclusion:A review of the literature for the social exclusion unit in the breaking the cycle series. London: Crown
[9] Bussy, M. &Wise J. B. (Eds.). (2007).Trauma transformed: An empowerment response.Empowering the powerless, a social work series. New York: Columbia University Press
[10] Covington, S. S. (2008).Women and addiction: A trauma-informed approach journal of psychoactive drugs, SARC supplement 5. Retrieved from http://www.stephaniecovington.com/pdfs/CovingtonSARC5.pdf
[11] Creswell, J. W. & Clark P.V. L. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research.Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
[12] Das, J_, Do,. Q.T, Friedman, J., McKenzie, D., & Scott, K. (2007). Mental health and poverty in developing countries: Revisiting the relationship .Social Science & Medicine 65 (2007) 467–480
[13] DeLoach, C., & Petersen, M. (2010). African spiritual methods of healing: The use of candomble’ in traumatic response. Journal of Pan African Studies, 3(8), 40-65
[14] Drozdek, B. & Wilson, J.P. (Eds.). (2007). Voices of trauma: Treating psychological trauma across cultures. New York: Springer Science Publishers
[15] Edin, K., & Lein, L. (1997). Making ends meet. New York: Russell Sage Friis, R. H, Wittchen, H. U, Pfister, H, & Lieb, R. (2002). Life events and changes in the course of depression in young adults. European Psychiatry, 17(5), 241-253
[16] Gold, S.D., Marx, B.P, Soler-Baillo, J.M. & Sloan, D.M. (2005). Is life more traumatic than traumatic stress? Journal of Anxiety Disorders 19(6), 687-698
[17] Government of Kenya. (2007). Basic report of fourth participatory poverty assessment report (PPA-IV). Nairobi: Government Printer
[18] Government of Kenya, (2001). Poverty reduction strategy paper 2001. Nairobi. Government Printer.
[19] Gutlove, P. & Thompson, G. (2003). Psychosocial healing: A guide for practitioners.Massachusetts: Institute for Resource and Security Studies Cambridge.
[20] Hawkins, R.L. & Kim, E.J. (2011). The socio-economic empowerment assessment: addressing poverty and economic distress in clients. Clinical Social Work Journal, 40(1), 194-202
[21] Herman, J. L. (1992). Trauma and recovery. New York: Basic Books Ingram, R. E., & Luxton, D.D. (2005). Vulnerability-stress models. In B.L. Hankin & J.R.Z. Abela (Eds.), Development of psychopathology: A vulnerability-stress perspective (pp. 32-46). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications
[22] Jenkins, R., Njenga, F., Okonji, M., Kigamwa, P., Baraza, M., Ayuyo, J., … Kiima, D. (2012). Prevalence of common mental disorders in a rural district of Kenya, and socio-demographic risk factors. International Journal of Environment, Research and Public Health, 9(5), 1810-1819
[23] Keriga, L. & Bujra, A. (2009) Social policy, development and governance in Kenya. A profile on healthcare provision in Kenya. Nairobi: Development Policy Management Forum (DPMF)
[24] Kirmayer, L.J, Lemelson, R. & Barad M. (Eds.) (2007). Understanding trauma: Integrating biological, clinical and cultural perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press
[25] Laungani, P. (2002) Stress, Trauma, and coping strategies: Cross-cultural variations. International Journal of Group Tensions, 31(2), 127-154
[26] Lund, C. (2012). Poverty and mental health: A review of practice and policies. Neuropsychiatry, 2(3), 213-219
[27] Madariaga, C. (2002). Psychosocial trauma, post- traumatic stress disorder and torture. Retrieved from http://www.cintras.org/textos/monografias/monog_trauma_psicosocial_ingles.pdf
[28] Manda, D. K., Kimenyi, S. M. & Mwabu, G. (2000). A review of poverty and antipoverty initiatives in Kenya. Nairobi: Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA)
[29] Miranda, J.J. & Patel, V. (2005). Achieving the millennium development goals: Does mental health play a role? PLoS Medicine, 2(10), e291. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0020291
[30] Nafula, N. N., Onsomu, E. N., Mwabu, G.& Muiruri, S. (2005). Review of policy options for poverty reduction in Kenya. Nairobi: Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA)
[31] Ndiku, J. M. (2007). The issue of poverty in the provision of quality education in Kenyan secondary schools. Educational Research and Review, 2(7), 157-164
[32] Ntomchukwu, M.S, Kakubeire,B.P & Pritz, A. (Eds.). (1999). Cross-cultural dialogue on psychotherapy in Africa. South Africa: The University of the North Press
[33] Patel, V. & Kleinman, A. (2003). Poverty and common mental disorders in developing countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 81, 609-615
[34] Petersen-Coleman, M. N. & Swaroop, S. R. (2011). Complex trauma. A critical analysis of the Rwandan fight for liberation. The Journal of Pan African Studies, 4(3), 1-19
[35] Ryle, A. & Kerr I.B. (2002). Introducing cognitive analytic therapy: Principles and practice. New York: John Wiley & Sons Ltd
[36] Sen, A. K. (1999). Development as freedom. New York: Oxford University Press Ssebunnya, J. , Kigozi, F., Lund, C., Kizza, D. & Okello, E. (2009). Stakeholder perceptions of mental health stigma and poverty in Uganda. BioMed Central International Health and Human Rights, 9(5)
[37] Stricker, G. & Widiger, T. A. (Eds.). (2003). Handbook of psychology. Clinical psychology. (Vol.8). Hoboken New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons Inc
[38] Taylor, S. (2006). Clinician’s guide to treating PTSD: A cognitive-behavioral approach. In R. G. Tedeschi, C. L. Park, & L. G. Calhoun (Eds.). (1998). Posttraumatic growth: positive changes in the aftermath of crisis. Mahwah: New Jersey. Erlbaum
[39] Tedeschi, R. G., Park, C. L., & Calhoun, L. G. (Eds.). (1998). Posttraumatic growth: positive changes in the aftermath of crisis. Mahwah, New Jersey. Erlbaum.
[40] Turner, K. & Lehning, A. (2004) Psychological theories of poverty. In M.J. Austin, (2006). Understanding Poverty from multiple social science perspectives: A learning resource for staff development in social service agencies. Retrieved from http://cssr.berkeley.edu/bassc/public/CompletePovertyReport082306.pdf
[41] United Nations Development Programme. (2011) Human development report 2011. Sustainability and equity: A better future for all. New York: United Nations
[42] United Nations Development Programme. (1997). Human development report 1997. New York: Oxford University Press
[43] Wilson, J.P., & Drozdek, B. (Eds.). (2004). Broken spirits: The treatment of traumatized asylum seekers, refugees, and war and torture victims. New York: Brunner-Routledge
[44] World Health Organization, (2011). Impact of economic crises on mental health: WHO Regional Office for Europe
[45] Yoshikawa, H., Aber, J. L. & Beardslee, W. R. (2012). The effects of poverty on the mental, emotional and behavioral health of children and youth: Implications for prevention. American Psychologist Issue, 67(4), 272-284
Elijah Macharia Ndung’u (PhD) , “Effectiveness of CRT on Secondary School Students’ Attitude towards Cigarette Smoking in Akwa South LGA” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-9, pp.906-915 September 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-9/906-915.pdf
Download PDF