One of the major issues facing the globe today is the lack of access to clean drinking water. Due to causes like population expansion, industrialization, urbanization, etc., water contamination significantly rises. Desalination has occasionally seen the development of a number of innovative methods, while solar distillation is thought to be more cost-effective. In this study, a steps distillation basin slope single basin solar still was used to examine the effect discusses the transformation of salt water into drinkable water by the Fresnel lens. When distillers were used with phase change materials, the temperature increased than it was without phase change materials, by increasing the working hours of the distillers, and thus increased productivity. But when distillers were used with phase change materials and a Fresnel lens, the productivity increased than it was due to the increase in temperature, as well as increased evaporation of water, as well as increased work The distiller works at night due to the presence of phase change materials, and thus the productivity of the distiller increased than it was before the lenses were placed. The outcomes demonstrate that the employment of Fresnel lenses and phase change materials can successfully transform salt water into drinking water.
Page(s): 01-09 Date of Publication: 28 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10701Data mining possess a significant threat to ethics, privacy, and legality, especially when we consider the fact that data mining makes it difficult for an individual or consumer (in the case of a company) to control accessibility and usage of his data. Individuals should be able to control how his/ her data in the data warehouse is being access and utilize while at the same time providing enabling environment which enforces legality, privacy and ethicality on data scientists, or data engineer during data mining process. This paper review issues of legality, privacy, and ethicality in data mining, review processes of Data mining, and also proposes solution to current ethical and privacy issue in data mining. It introduces a new method which enforces data mining without infringing on the privacy of individual or consumer whose data are being used. The sole aim of this paper is to propose a new method of mining data which restricts scientists within the constraints of legality, privacy, and ethicality
Page(s): 10-15 Date of Publication: 30 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10702Strategic alignment is a critical factor in achieving organizational success. It involves aligning an organization’s strategic objectives, strategies, and initiatives to ensure coherence across different levels and functions. Despite its importance, organizations struggle to achieve and sustain strategic alignment. This literature review paper addresses this issue by examining the drivers and enablers of strategic alignment, as well as the barriers and challenges that organizations commonly face in the alignment process. It provides an overview of the theoretical framework of synergistic alignment for organizational success. It also examines the strategic objectives, strategies, and initiatives required for optimizing this alignment, and takes a closer look at the synergistic alignment frameworks and models available to organizations. Additionally, it analyzes the key factors influencing synergistic alignment, including communication, leadership, and culture, and also identifies the benefits and outcomes of synergistic alignment, highlighting the positive effects of achieving organizational agility, which includes enhanced performance. Finally, it provides insights and guidance for practitioners on aligning strategic objectives, strategies, and initiatives within their organizations to enhance performance, adaptability, and long-term success. Aligning strategic objectives, strategies, and initiatives is important because it allows organizations to effectively use their resources, improve decision-making processes, and enhance overall performance.
Page(s): 16-29 Date of Publication: 30 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10703This study aims to: 1) identify and analyze the effect of the work environment on motivation, 2) identify and analyze the effect of competence on motivation, 3) identify and analyze the effect of the work environment on employee performance, 4) identify and analyze the effect of competence on employee performance, 5 ) knowing and analyzing the influence of motivation on employee performance, 6) knowing and analyzing the influence of the work environment on employee performance through motivation and 7) knowing and analyzing the effect of competence on employee performance through motivation. The research was conducted at the Office of the Directorate General of Budget of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, with a sample of 90 respondents. The sampling technique used a simple random sampling technique. Methods of data analysis using descriptive analysis and path analysis. The results of the study show that: 1) there is an effect of the work environment on motivation, 2) there is an influence of competence on motivation, 3) there is an influence of the work environment on employee performance, 4) there is an effect of competence on employee performance, 5) there is an analysis of the effect of motivation on employee performance, 6) there is no effect of the work environment on employee performance through motivation and 7) there is no effect of competence on employee performance through motivation, motivation does not have an impact on improving the work environment and competency on employee performance.
Page(s): 30-44 Date of Publication: 31 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10704Soft skills are of great importance in one’s education and social interactions. These skills are known to be highly needed and required for employment. Considering the benefits of the acquisition of the soft skills acquisition, the implementation of them in education is a necessity. Due to this, the aim of this research was to investigate where Kosova stands with the implementation of these skills, at the same time which skills are mostly used. Simultaneously aiming to understand Kosovar students’ approaches to these skills. A quantitative questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection and 115 students from different high schools of different fields of study participated voluntarily in this research. The results of this study show that soft skills are being implemented in Kosova’s education in high schools, however this contradicts with other existing studies conducted in Kosova from different approaches and perspectives. Nevertheless, teamwork results to be implemented the most amongst other soft skills, but it exceeds writings with a close difference of percentage. This paper analyzes and interprets the outcomes of the results, by backing up the arguments with factual sources to answer the two broad questions of the study.
Page(s): 45-56 Date of Publication: 31 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10705This research was conducted primarily to look into the existence of the relationship between the level of academic performance and the level of comprehensive examination performance of the Graduate School students of Baguio Central University. Specifically, it sought to answer the following queries: Demography of the subjects in terms of gender and graduate degree program; their level of academic performance; their level of comprehensive examination performance; and if their level of comprehensive examination performance is associated with their level of academic performance. The research design employed was the quantitative design. The general weighted average (GWA) and the average ratings obtained by the subjects in comprehensive examination were used as the data for analysis. The study revealed the following results: the female subjects outnumbered their male counterparts; their academic performance is much higher and better compared to their comprehensive examination performance. The Chi-square Test and the Pearson’s (r) Coefficient Correlation both proved that there exist no relationship between the level of academic performance and the level of comprehensive examination performance. The subjects of the current study manifested a very high level of academic performance compared to their level of performance in the comprehensive examinations. The nature of the questions given in the comprehensive examinations is discussion type. Therefore, the Graduate School students who will still be taking the comprehensive examinations must strive to discuss more intensively and extensively the topics on the different subject areas and fields of specialization included in the said examinations.
Page(s): 57-61 Date of Publication: 31 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10706The study focused on effect of information and communication technology (ICT) on service delivery in Nigerian public service industry using Edo State Specialist Hospital as a Case Study. The study is empirical and data were collected through questionnaire which was conducted among 102 respondents. The research work investigates the effects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on public service delivery in Nigeria. The data generated were analyzed using frequencies and simple percentages and the hypothesis tested via Chi-square (X2). The study is situated on public choice theory and Weber’s bureaucratic model. The study reveals that the availability of technological facilities within the study area significantly improve the Quality of Service Delivery in the Edo State Specialist hospital. Also, the respondents indicated that technology has significantly affected service delivery in the study area, reduced mortality and fatality rate and, improved customer service, in the usage of the various available technological facilities. Consequently, the research recommends that hospital workers should improve on their skills on the handling of new technological equipment and facilities and also ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of these facilities. Managements of the study area should ensure regular maintenance of these technological facilities in order to ensure maximization. The study concludes that power is a major factor affecting use of ICT in the hospital.
Page(s): 62-70 Date of Publication: 31 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10707This paper examines African moral education and its role in environmental care for Socio economic development in Africa. This is informed by the observation that the moral system in African society permeated every aspect of life and viewed economic development in the light of human welfare. African cultural heritage has human welfare at its core and is not limited to people in actual existence but those departed too, yet believed to reside in nature. As such, care for the environment was part and parcel of people’s beliefs as informed by the interrelated nature of every component that constitutes the universe. The paper begins by exploring the key elements of indigenous African moral education and how it impacted environmental responsibility and development initiatives in the various communities. A reasonable way forward for enhancing environmental care for socio-economic development in contemporary Africa, through learning institutions, is advanced. This paper is theoretical in nature but will also make reference to actual scenarios in society in order to substantiate any claims made. The philosophical method of analysis, and evaluation of documented information has been utilized.
Page(s): 71-77 Date of Publication: 31 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10708We analyzed implication of debt financing on Nigeria economic growth, by considering all the debt elements such as total external debt, FGN only, states & FCT, total domestic debt, FGN only and states & FCT, with the help of multiple regression on data covering from 2010 to 2022 and discovered that; debt finance has a positive correlation and impact on economic growth, the statistical value also reveal a very significant positive relationship among the variables at 0.0000, which negated our null hypothesis proposed above. Our model is also statistically significant with a probability level of 0.000041, at a confidence level of 87% approximately. Therefore we recommended that: Debt employed by government should be cannel into more productive sector in order to yield more positive returns; Comparative analysis, i.e., cost benefit analysis should be carryout by government officials before engaging in borrowing; and there should be proper monitoring of borrowed fund, in order to avoid diversion.
Page(s): 78-83 Date of Publication: 31 July 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10709Corruption continues to be one of the key challenges to the governance and development of many African countries. In Liberia, despite the existence of innumerable anti-corruption strategies, the menace of corruption remains ubiquitous or prevalent. This clearly suggests that the strategies introduced do not explain the fundamental cause(s) of corruption but are rather secondary explanations. Using the qualitative descriptive method with a main emphasis on conceptual normative approach, this paper grounded on a virtue ethics theoretical stance seeks to address the problem of widespread corruption in Liberia. Guided by Tabula rasa and the theory of change as the theoretical framework, the paper conceptually proposed the introduction of character education as the essential strategy for developing an anti-corruption culture. The finding reveals that the main reason for the persistence of corruption in Liberia is a lack of a comprehensive moral value system that can sustainably socialize the rising generation into integrity through character education. The paper concludes that though character education is a long-term solution to the fight against corruption. However, facts have proven its efficacy in other societies as mentioned in this paper. So, if introduce and practice in Liberia accordingly, it is likely to produce similar effects.
Page(s): 84-91 Date of Publication: 03 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10710The study was carried out to investigate the level of utilization of local and improved rice practices by value chain actors in Benue and Nasarawa states, Nigeria. The population for the study comprised all the rice value chain actors in Benue and Nasarawa States. The specific objectives of the study were to: investigate the local practices of rice value chain actors; and investigate the level of use of improved practices by rice value chain actors in the study area. It was evident from the study that the pooled percentage for the two states (Benue and Nasarawa) was 22.5% for those who utilized traditional hoes while those who utilized cutlasses in the two states have pooled value of 21.2% and those who utilized winnowing baskets with a pooled value of 19.3% for the two states respectively. The level of utilization of improved practices by rice value chain actors in the two states for marketers, producers and processors have mean pooled value of 2.36, 2.21 and 2.14 respectively. Based on the study, it was concluded that the major local practices of rice value chain actors in the two states are still at crude level and the level of awareness of the rice value chain actors on improved practices is high. It was therefore recommended that, government should make available improved practices which are more less labour intensive but rather with higher performance at affordable price to the rice value chain actors; enough capacity building should be enforced to train intensively more rice value chain actors, and more awareness should be created by government capacity building agents among rice value chain actors on their operation to maximize their performance.
Page(s): 92-96 Date of Publication: 03 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10711Myanmar’s geo-political and geo-economic position is very important to China and India. India and China are the two regional powers of Southeast Asia, although it shares border with the two coutries. Basically, Myanmar is the center of connectivity to South Asia and Southeast Asia with the Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal. The new economic super power of the world. China’s ambitious project BRI connects Myanmar with two corridors. Especially in the case of importing fuel oil and exporting products to the global market, Chinese ships have to go around the Malacca Strait, which is time consuming and costly and strategically risky. But using Kukpyu Port in Rakhine State will reduce China’s dependence on the Malacca Strait and expand trade. That is why the bilateral relationship between the world’s second largest economy China (GDP $14.140 Trillion, 2019) and the 73rd economy Myanmar (GDP $ 69.994, 2019) is very important (Ahamed, Rahman & Nur, 2020) . China has been playing an important role in Myanmar’s economic development through bilateral trade relations since 1988. From 1988 to 2018, 26% of all foreign investment in Myanmar came from China and as of June 2020, Chinese investment in Myanmar was US $21350.668 Million (DICA, 2020). India shares a 1643 km land border with Myanmar with 4 northeastern states of Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur. Myanmar is the gateway to the implementation of ‘Act East Policy’ and ‘Neighborhood First Policy’ announced by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014 (Ahamed, Rahman & Nur, 2020). In addition, the world’s two most important sea routes, The strait of Malacca and The strait of Hurmuz, are connected to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean through the Bay of Bengal. Myanmar has a 725 km coastal boundary with the Bay of Bengal. Because of this, Myanmar is geo-politically and geo-strategically India., important to the Western world including China. Due to US presence in Indian Ocean, recent Sino-Indian conflict and Myanmar’s strategic location, Sino-Myanmar relations have become one of the research topics at present. This article will analyze the multifaceted aspects of China-Myanmar relations.
Page(s): 97-104 Date of Publication: 05 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10712The study was conducted to determine effects of pretreatment and locally available packaging materials on the quality of dried and stored catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The freshly obtained catfish was cut into pieces measuring 20×5×6mm. The treatment group was pre-treated with lemon juice, while the control was prepared without pretreatment. Both the treatment and control were dried using hot air at 80 °C to constant weight. The dried sample was then stored using three packaging materials (aluminum foil, unbleached paper and low-density polyethylene bag) in triplicate and stored in iron basket in the laboratory for observation at 25 °C and 55 % relative humidity. Samples were then taken out from storage for further analysis after every week and finally concluded at six weeks. The analysis done was proximate composition, moisture content, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN), bacterial and fungal count. The fresh sample had the following data: 72.49%, 19.72, 5.6, 1.04, 1.15 % for moisture content, protein, fat, crude fibre respectively. That of the pre-treated sample obtained was 72.80% moisture content, 17.01% protein content, 3.37% fat content,0.53% ash content and 1.16% crude fibre content. The moisture content for lemon treated dried cat fish ranged between 28-30% (wb). The result showed that the higher the moisture content, the lower the protein content, ash content and fibre. Therefore, as the moisture content decreased, the protein content, crude fibre, fat and oil content increased. The total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) of the fresh sample was higher than that of the lemon treated sample due to its chemical compositions with the mean value of 5.60% for the fresh sample and 2.80% for the lemon treated sample. Bacterial and fungal counts on the fresh samples were more than that of the treated samples. After drying, the only microorganisms that survived the heat were thermophilic microorganisms (Bacillus furinus, Pseudomonas aureginosa and Aspergillus terraus) and they weren’t significantly influenced during storage. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the most suitable packaging material was aluminum foil and the organic acid added to the fish also helped to prolong shelf life. This is because the aluminum foil preserved the quality of the fish hence the proximate compositions of the fish was better than the fish kept in polyethylene and the paper.
Page(s): 105-110 Date of Publication: 08 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10713The study employed secondary data covering from 2000 to 2022 to analyzed monetary policy and economic growth in Nigeria, our data were collected from Central bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin, while also considering variables such as money supply, inflation rate, interest rate and gross domestic product with the used of ordinary least square regression method, we discovered that all our variables a statistically significant except for interest rate, also there was positive relation among our variables. Therefore we recommended that, monetary regulators should always consider key macro-economic variables such as the ones used in this study before implementing critical policy; the citizen and the economy should also be consider when adopting monetary policy; policies makers should always strive to make policy that will make the economy be at economic advantage in order to strengthen our economic growth.
Page(s): 111-116 Date of Publication: 09 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10714This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the representation of women on the cover pages of Vanitha, one of India’s most circulated women’s magazines, spanning from January 2019 to August 2021. Employing a content analysis methodology, we collected and analysed sixty-six cover pages from the magazine, utilising descriptive statistics and visual analysis to gain insights into the portrayal of women. Our findings reveal a pervasive and stereotypical representation of women on the magazine’s cover pages. While females are prominently featured, there remains a significant disparity in age, colour, class, and social status among the featured models. Older women are conspicuously absent from the cover pages, while middle-aged and young women conform to the societal norms dictated by patriarchal structures. Moreover, the cover pages predominantly display single portraits, perpetuating the normalisation of patriarchal ideals surrounding the “ideal” woman. The multidimensionality of the female psyche is primarily overlooked, failing to represent women’s diverse experiences and complexities accurately. Furthermore, our research highlights the dominance of male and female actors as the primary stars featured on the magazine covers, followed by a limited presence of models, politicians, singers, and authors. Additionally, we observe a tendency for cover photographs to emphasise a seductive effect rather than effectively communicating the magazine’s content. Examining the cover lines, we identify several dominant frames: health, celebrities, beauty, food, relationships, career, festivals, astrology, entrepreneurship, travel, and politics. These frames reflect the magazine’s prioritisation of topics and align with the interests and concerns of its target audience. In conclusion, our study underscores the need for more inclusive and diverse representations of women on Vanitha’s cover pages. By challenging stereotypical portrayals, addressing the disparity in age and social status, and adopting a more nuanced approach to the female experience, the magazine can foster a more empowering and authentic representation of women in its content.
Page(s): 117-125 Date of Publication: 10 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10715People with Diabetes can risk heart, stroke, kidney, eye, and nerve complications. Factor risk of Diabetes mellitus caused by factors that cannot change and factored possible risks like style life. Objective study This is For analyzing factor risk style life with diabetes mellitus disease. Type research used survey analytics with a Cross-Sectional. Data collection method with interviews. Population in study This is patients taking care of the road diagnosed with DM in January 2022, with as many as 74 patients. The sampling technique used is Total Sampling data analysis using analysis univariate and bivariate. Research results obtained exist a significant relationship between activity physique (p-value = 0.000) and patterns Eating (p-value = 0.000) with DM disease; meanwhile, No There is a connection between style lifestyle smoke with DM disease (p-value = 0.097). Recommended public pre-elderly can reap style life Healthy life every day with regular physical activity, changing patterns of lousy eating, and stopping smoking from preventing DM disease
Page(s): 126-129 Date of Publication: 10 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10716The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of infrastructure (electricity consumption and paved roads) on manufacturing sector performance in Nigeria for the period 1981-2019. The ex post facto research design was adopted for the study, using a combination of the traditional Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) econometric method, and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test for robust and valid estimation results. The co-integration test showed that the equations in the model were integrated. The study findings revealed that infrastructure, proxy by electricity supply had an adverse but not significant effect on manufacturing sector performance while paved roads had a positive and significant impact on manufacturing performance in Nigeria. The study recommends a total overhaul of the electricity sub-sector and targets increased supply specifically for industrial consumption as well as exploring alternative options to increase the road network such as public-private partnership arrangements given its importance to industrial performance.
Page(s): 130-139 Date of Publication: 11 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10717This diploma paper examines realism and illusion in modern drama, particularly in Tennessee Williams’ plays, A Streetcar Named Desire and The Glass Menagerie. It explores the influence and importance of these themes in shaping modern literature, evolving from traditional dramatic structures to enrich storytelling. The paper provides an overview of Williams’ life and his distinctive style. Through a close analysis of the selected plays, it delves into the complexities of the characters, their desires, fears, and struggles in navigating truth and illusion. Additionally, the study explores the symbiotic relationship between realism, illusion, and the theatrical techniques employed by Williams. The primary objective of this study is to unveil the profound influence and immense significance of realism and illusion in shaping the landscape of modern literature. Throughout the history of dramatic storytelling, these themes have undergone a remarkable evolution, breaking free from the constraints of conventional dramatic structures to find liberation and prominence in the realm of modernity. As a result, playwrights have been able to explore the complexities of human existence and society more deeply, crafting narratives that touch the core of the human psyche.
Page(s): 140-146 Date of Publication: 14 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10718Background: Caffeine is the most commonly used central nervous system stimulant in all age groups. High daily caffeine consumption can affect health. Most caffeine users are unaware of the amount of daily caffeine consumption or the effect of caffeine on the physical and psychological health of its users. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of caffeine addiction in Indonesian society. Materials and Methods: This study used a Cross-Sectional Study design using an online questionnaire of 345 Indonesians. Data were collected using caffeine consumption questionnaires. The data is analyzed descriptively. Results: More than half of the study’s respondents were female (53%), had a higher level of higher education (71%), and were employed (71%). The average total caffeine consumption in the community is 234 ±191 mg daily. Conclusion: Caffeine use in adults is quite high compared to that reported in other countries. The public should be better informed regarding the possible side effects that arise from the use of caffeine
Page(s): 147-149 Date of Publication: 15 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10719The study was carried out to specifically to analyse the critical facilities of rice value chain actors in Benue and Nasarawa States, Nigeria. The population of the study comprised all rice value chain actors in the two states. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 320 respondents from the two states. Multi-stage sampling procedure, stratified:-purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used for the study. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviations were used to analyse the data for the study. It was evident from the study that the pooled mean results indicated that producers’ most critical facilities were planters (97.8%), harvesters (97.2%) and threshers (97.2%) in Benue and Nasarawa States respectively. Sources of foundation seeds (98.7%), supply of foundation seeds (98.4%) and NPK: 27:13:13 (96.2%) were the most critical facilities to input suppliers. Electricity need (91.8%), de-stoners (90.2%) were the critical facilities to processors. Marketers’ value chain actors indicated transportation (74.7%) packaging (70.9%) and storage (63.3%) as their critical facilities in the rice value chain respectively. The study concluded that rice value chain actors are affected by the poor availability of critical facilities needed by the value chain actors in Benue and Nasarawa states. It was recommended that critical facilities should be made available by government for easy access by the various rice value chain actors at subsidized rate for their effective utilization and enhanced performance.
Page(s): 150-154 Date of Publication: 16 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10720Soil management to synchronizing nutrient release with crop uptake is essential for sustainable plant production and environmental quality. Ammonium- nitrogen (NH4+- N) dynamics of poultry and sheep manures amended Ultisols in Ihiagwa, Southeastern Nigeria were evaluated. Their levels equivalent to 0, 30 and 60 % N of both poultry and sheep manures were applied in a 32 factorial arranged in randomized complete block setup with three replications. The NH4+- N was determined from four soil depths (0 – 5, 5 – 10, 10 – 20 and 20 – 40 cm) at different weeks (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks) after manures application (WAMA) in wet and dry seasons of 2019 and 2020. Soil NH4+- N differed with rates of poultry and sheep manures only and the integration of both manure at various soil depths, seasons and years. Concentrations of NH4+- N in most soil depths at both seasons and years were better with 60 % then 30 % N of poultry and sheep manures alone and with integrations of both manures better than single applications. Averaged over soil depths and periods after manure applications, soil ammonium- nitrogen was better in wet than dry seasons and in 2019 than 2020. Averaged over soil depths, manure rates, seasons and years, concentrations of NH4+- N varied and better at 3rd WAMA. Equally, concentrations of NH4+- N decreased down soil depths. Generally, good soil nutrient management will be useful for efficiency of nutrient and sustained crop yields. Further research is needed on the field to substantiate the findings.
Page(s): 155-167 Date of Publication: 17 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10721This study investigates the association between government expenditure and poverty reduction in Nigeria from 2000 to 2022, employing a panel dataset and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression method. The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is the dependent variable, while government spending on education, health, and infrastructure is the independent variable. The analysis is conducted using E-VIEW statistical software. The study’s primary findings reveal that an increase in government education expenditure has a statistically significant and negative effect on poverty reduction, both in the short and long run. Conversely, government health expenditure demonstrates a significant negative impact only in the short run, losing its effectiveness in the long run. On the other hand, government capital expenditure exhibits a significant negative influence on poverty reduction in both the short run and long run. These results emphasise the critical importance of prioritising investments in education and infrastructure for sustained poverty reduction endeavours in Nigeria. In terms of policy implications, the study underscores the necessity of augmenting government spending on education to foster inclusive education and address the predicament of out-of-school children. Additionally, policymakers should consider healthcare systems’ long-term viability and efficacy while allocating health expenditures. Sustained investment in capital projects and infrastructure development is indispensable for poverty reduction. The study’s findings significantly contribute to existing knowledge and underscore the pivotal role of these sectors in poverty reduction strategies. Consequently, it underscores the urgency of targeted and enduring investments, efficient resource allocation, and comprehensive strategies to combat poverty and foster inclusive development within the country effectively
Page(s): 168-177 Date of Publication: 19 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10722This study examines social media as a veritable tool for mental health support in Nigeria. The researchers embarked on this study with the intention of achieving four objectives; and based on the intended objectives, four research questions were formulated to serve as a guide for this study. This study is hinged on the Technology Acceptance Model and data was collected using documentation. Findings reveal that mental health issues have been on the rise in Nigeria, and accessing mental health services has always been a significant challenge due to the stigma attached to it. However, with the rise of social media, individuals now have access to mental health services online. Social media platforms have become an essential tool for mental health support in Nigeria. This study also finds out that social media platforms have increased access to mental health support services for Nigerians who may not have had access to them previously due to distance, financial barriers, or lack of mental health services in their communities. The study recommends that social media can be an excellent platform for sharing resources related to mental health support. You can post links to helplines, online support groups, and other resources that people can access when they need help. Encourage others to share these resources with their friends and family members.
Page(s): 179-187 Date of Publication: 19 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10723Resource allocation strategies are essential for maintaining competitiveness and achieving innovation success. They are interrelated, as maintaining competitiveness requires the ability to innovate, while innovation success is dependent on the availability of sufficient resources. This paper’s methodology consists of a library search and literature review on resource allocation strategies for maintaining competitiveness and achieving innovation success. The key search terms included resource allocation, innovation success, and competition. An in-depth analysis of literature related to study constructs was conducted using the systematic review procedure. Empirical and theoretical studies that applied resource allocation, innovation, and competitiveness were preferred. A random bibliographic scan was performed on all the research studies to find out relevant study material. The main objective is to assess the effectives of resource allocation in maintain organizational innovation and competitiveness. The resource base view theory was the underlying theory for the study. This study found that companies that allocate more resources towards research and development are more likely to launch new products and services, which can enhance their competitiveness in the market. Additionally, it has been found that resource allocation toward innovation can positively impact a company’s financial performance. Additionally, effective resource allocation strategies are key to maintaining competitiveness and achieving innovation success. By investing in R&D, talent acquisition and development, and strategic partnerships, organizations can gain a competitive advantage and deliver innovative solutions that meet the evolving needs of customers.
Page(s): 188-197 Date of Publication: 19 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10724Human capital in today’s business world becomes an organization’s most precious resource. In contrast to financial assets, human assets can be created, optimized and driven for achieving an organization’s targets and objectives. In addition, happy workers would make the organization’s priorities and goals smoothly achieved. Retaining workers satisfaction is therefore a requirement for every organization. The main emphasis of this research was on the relationship between the welfare facilities and labourers’ job satisfaction. This analysis tests empirically five independent variables (health and safety facility, education facility, housing facility, transport facility, sanitary facility) and their relation to job satisfaction of labours in the tea plantation industry with reference to: Nuwara Eliya district. The sample consists with 100 of respondents selected from convenience sampling procedure. Research showed that there are strong positive relationships between health and safety, transport facilities and educational facilities, and that residential and sanitary facilities have moderate positive relationships.
Page(s): 198-205 Date of Publication: 19 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10725The flipped classroom learning model is an innovation that provides a new instructional pattern that is highly beneficial for changing the learning process. It not only demands learning to take place inside the classroom but also requires students to prepare the material beforehand at home or outside the classroom. This model is student-centered and aims to enhance student engagement, understanding, and retention by reversing the traditional classroom teaching approach. The flipped classroom has an impact on student engagement in learning by improving the quality of students’ efforts in effective learning activities and their overall emotional state during the learning process, which leads to learning success. The researcher using CloudClassRoom as learning media to foster student engagement in learning activities. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of the flipped classroom learning model on student engagement in the history lessons of the Grade XI Science Program at SMAN 1 Genteng. This research adopts a quantitative approach that examines objective theories by investigating the relationships between variables. Quantitative research starts with formulating hypotheses regarding the predicted relationships between two or more variables. This study utilizes an experimental method, which involves testing the effects of a controlled intervention on the research outcomes, considering other influencing factors as well.
Page(s): 206-219 Date of Publication: 24 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10726The study empirically investigated the effect of sustainability reporting on firm value in Nigeria. The study objectives were to examine the effect of economic sustainability reporting, environmental sustainability reporting, and social sustainability reporting on firm value. The population for the study consisted of listed consumer goods companies in the Nigerian Stock Group (NGX). The studied population had the responsibility to publish their financial statements for six (6) consecutive years from 2016 to 2021. Secondary data used for the study was collected from a sample of sixteen (16) listed consumer goods companies. Robust regression technique was used to test the formulated hypotheses. The regression results revealed that economic sustainability reporting had a positive and significant effect on firm value at a 1% level of significance, environmental sustainability reporting had a positive and significant effect on firm value at a 1% level of significance and social sustainability reporting had a negative and significant effect on firm value. The study recommended that the management of Nigerian listed consumer goods companies should focus more on sustainability reporting in terms of economic reporting and environmental reporting to increase the value of the firm.
Page(s): 220-231 Date of Publication: 24 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10727This article seeks to investigate the role of strategic control systems in achieving strategic goals. The research is based on a comprehensive literature review of academic articles and research reports that have addressed the topic of strategic control system. The study identifies that strategic control systems are important tools for achieving strategic goals in organizations. The study points out that strategy is key to developing and implementing an effective control system. The use of strategic planning provides an understanding of the company’s environment, the company’s strategic objectives, the company’s critical success factors, and the development of a strategic action plan. The study confirms that performance measurement and feedback are critical components in monitoring the progress of the organization towards achieving its strategic goals. Based on the findings discussed, some major recommendations have been made. These include the need to incorporate into the control systems, key components such as premise control, implementation control, strategic surveillance, and special alert control. This paper also shares further light on some of the challenges that may be associated with establishing a strategic control system. It brings out some other issues for future research.
Page(s): 232-241 Date of Publication: 26 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10728This study reviewed previous research articles (28 studies) in the last 10 years on the role of board gender diversity on the perpetuation or mitigation of fraud in corporations. The popular grand theory, the Agency Theory of DeAngelo was used as the framework for the study in conjunction with the framework developed by (Jain and Jamali, 2016) on corporate governance. The main finding of the study was that out of the 4 levels he proposed, most of the reviewed studies identified with only 3 levels, namely group; individual and firm excluding the institutional level. The other finding of this study was that gender diversity or presence of women on board facilitated fraud deterrence at all levels, gender diversity was also observed to influence cybersecurity disclosure even though it has no bearing on the strength of the internal control. Several factors capable of influencing these relationships were recommended by the reviewed articles, part of which are political connections; board meeting frequency; establishment of specific law enforcement agencies and laws; a shift in board group dynamics; a mix of directors with industrial and accounting/finance experience, and independent directors among others. The findings suggest that promoting gender diversity on boards is crucial for improving management choices and audit quality. Female directors’ presence can reduce fraud occurrence and mitigate it, and as fraud continues to grow, new solutions are needed to ensure financial reporting quality. Reconsidering stereotypes and addressing the importance of female directors’ presence on boards is essential.
Page(s): 242-253 Date of Publication: 28 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10729The corrosion inhibition of mild steel by leave extract of Pennisetum purpureum (PP) in 1 M HCl and H_2 SO_4 was studied using gravimetric, electrochemical and computer simulation methods of corrosion monitoring. The results obtained showed that the PP extract retarded the mild steel corrosion in both acidic solutions and that inhibition efficiency improved with concentration increase but decreased gradually with prolonged exposure time. Electrochemical results revealed that the extract reduced both the anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions by the adsorption of some of its chemical constituents on the metal surface. To further confirm the adsorption characteristics of the extract, some of its constituents were simulated using density functional theory simulation method.
Page(s): 254-263 Date of Publication: 28 August 2023
DOI:10.51244/IJRSI.2023.10730
