The Qualitative Feasibility Analysis Using Component 6A For Developing Area Tourism Beringin Sila Dam in Sumbawa Regency

The Qualitative Feasibility Analysis Using Component 6A For Developing Area Tourism Beringin Sila Dam in Sumbawa Regency

Tajidan Tajidan^1*, L. Sukardi¹, Padusung², and Fahrudin²

¹Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram – Indonesia

²Soil Science Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram – Indonesia

^*Corresponding Author

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.914MG0032

Received: 24 January 2025; Accepted: 28 January 2025; Published: 18 March 2025

ABSTRACT

Researchers have utilized the 6A components in the analysis of visitor satisfaction at tourist attractions in Indonesia and have the opportunity to use them in qualitative feasibility analyses of developing tourist areas. Based on these considerations, the researcher conducted a qualitative feasibility analysis using the 6A components in developing the Beringin Sila Dam (BSD) tourist area. The research aims to measure the suitability of tourist attractions and recommend tourist attractions and service activities to develop them as tourist areas in the Utan District, Sumbawa Regency. By combining descriptive research methods and exploratory research methods, it is hoped that we will be able to describe the objective conditions of tourist areas and explore the potential for development as tourist areas that attract local tourists, domestic tourists, and foreign tourists. Data was collected using triangulation techniques, combining observation, survey, and focus group discussion methods. Data were analyzed using qualitative feasibility and completed with sensitivity analysis. The research results show that the BSD tourist attraction is worthy of being developed as a tourist area in Utan District, Sumbawa Regency, and has resilience if operational costs increase by 10%/year. From the results of this research, it is recommended that accommodation and culinary infrastructure and facilities be built, as well as developing tourist attractions such as fishing competitions, rowing competitions, mountain bike competitions, and cycling (cultural and sports attractions) to increase the attraction for local tourists, domestic tourists, and foreign tourists.

Keywords: accommodation, attractions, culinary, fishing, tourists

INTRODUCTION

The Beringin Sila Dam (BSD) is located in Utan District, Sumbawa Regency. BSD, with a pool area of 126 ha, was built starting in 2019 and inaugurated in 2022 for IDR 1,721 billion. It is targeted to irrigate 3,500 ha of rice fields [1] and has a capacity of 27.46 million cubic meters [2].

The aim of developing BSD is to provide irrigation water and raw water for the needs of the Utan District and Buer District, Sumbawa Regency. The average water discharge produced from BSD is 76 liters/second [1]. The benefits obtained from the construction of BSD are increasing the planting frequency from once to 2 to 3 times a year [3]. The direct benefits of BSD are as a vehicle for cultivating freshwater fish, indirectly supporting the fulfillment of protein needs, preventing stunting, and increasing employment and community income. Another indirect benefit is reducing flooding—a potential flood reduction of 32.75% from 832 hectares to 559.52 ha [4].

The development of BSD is expected to increase the planting index, productivity, and agricultural production to produce a return on costs. [3] reports that the BSD has consumed a development budget sourced from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) amounting to 1.7 trillion. It is hoped that the community will optimize the use of the dam for water security and food security.

Because BSD’s view and environment are wonderful, it attracts local people who fill their free time with travel or recreation. After BSD was inaugurated in December 2022 [1], many local tourists came for recreation; some visitors filled their free time with fishing.

The regional government of Sumbawa Regency, especially the Public Works and Spatial Planning Service and the Sumbawa Regency Tourism Office, observe the potential of tourist attractions. Among the tourist attractions that have the opportunity to be developed is BSD. The BSD tourist attraction has a beautiful natural panorama, a dam with a mountainous background, and production forest vegetation. Besides its beautiful views, BSD has been visited by local and Indonesian tourists. The tourism potential of BSD will be developed to contribute to increasing economic growth through job creation while increasing the community’s income, health, and welfare [5].

To develop the potential of BSD as a tourist area, several additional investments are needed to strengthen the existing potential. Before making additional investments, a feasibility study for developing a tourist area is required, including various aspects related to qualitative and quantitative feasibility. The results of the search for references show that the feasibility study was carried out using a quantitative economic approach consisting of Gross B/C, Net B/C, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, and Payback Period, while the feasibility study using a qualitative approach has not received attention as it should be. The qualitative approach was partly adopted from the tourist visitor satisfaction analysis component [6] and tourism potential from [7]. The potential components of satisfaction and tourism are attraction, amenities, accessibility, and ancillary, called 4A.

Furthermore, by [8], it was completed into 6A by adding two other components: accommodation and awareness. The study conducted by [9] used the 6A component in assessing the suitability of planning and implementation of planning in the Rammang-Rammang natural tourism area, Maros Regency. From the study’s results [9], it is considered appropriate because the average score is between 2.1 and 4 on a Likert scale of 1 to 5.

The use of 6A components for evaluation and planning purposes is increasingly being used, including [10] and [11]. The research analyzes the tourism potential of Ngajum village, Malang Regency. The results show that the amenities, accessibility, and ancillary components are in a suitable category without showing the results for the other components.

This study, component 6A, is used in the qualitative feasibility analysis of tourist area development. Six components, consisting of attractions, amenities, accommodation, accessibility, awareness, and ancillary, are used in the qualitative feasibility analysis. The qualitative feasibility analysis in developing the BSD tourist area aims to measure the feasibility of tourist attractions and recommend tourist attractions and service activities so that they can be developed as tourist areas in the Utan District, Sumbawa Regency.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

The research was carried out by combining descriptive and exploratory research methods. The descriptive research method describes the objective conditions of tourist areas, consisting of natural and human conditions [12]. In contrast, exploratory research exploits tourist attractions’ unique potential and development prospects. Exploratory research is caused by the desire to know about unknown aspects [13]. Development prospects are assessed from tourist attractions and selling value to local, domestic, and foreign tourists.

Data Collection

The research was carried out using triangulation techniques [14]. The triangulation technique is matching data using different techniques. Triangulation techniques include observation, surveys, and focus group discussions. Observations were carried out by directly addressing the BSD tourist attraction and documenting the tourist attraction [15]. The survey was carried out by filling out a questionnaire using Google Docs form application [16]. The respondents were visitors, administrators of tourism awareness groups, and officers at tourist attractions. The number of respondents was 47 people. The Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was attended by Sumbawa Regency Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) staff, sub-organization heads, and village heads. FGD was carried out three times, namely at the data collection stage, draft report preparation, and revision of the final report.

Data Analysis

The data collected consists of quantitative data and qualitative data. Primary data was obtained from the results of observations, surveys, and FGDs, and secondary data was quoted from official reports from related agencies. Primary data was processed using the Excel program and then analyzed using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). [17] explains that AHP is a decision-support model that uses various consideration factors to obtain ratios to determine weights. The rating is determined using potential data for each component, then the score value is calculated. Score value = weight x rating. All score values are added up. The sum results are classified as follows:

1. Not eligible if the total score is: 001 – 100
2. Almost decent, if the total score is: 101 – 200
3. Eligible, if total score: 201 – 300
4. Very worthy, if total score: > 300
5. If there is a value of 0, then it goes down one rank

Each choice of activity poses both positive and negative risks. This study is equipped with sensitivity analysis to determine the risk level of developing tourist areas [18]. Economic rate of return (ERR) analysis is used to measure sensitivity. Criteria used in a sensitivity analysis using ERR are “sensitive” if the Economic Gross Benefit Cost Ratio (EGBCR) < 1.0 and “resilient” if EGBCR ≥ 1,0.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The development of tourist areas is an effort to improve a region’s economy [19] (Elsa, 2022). However, a feasibility analysis must be conducted first before development can be carried out. Regarding qualitative feasibility, several components need to be discussed in determining/assessing whether or not a tourist area is suitable for development.

Qualitative Feasibility Components

Attractions

Attraction analysis aims to determine the tourist attractions of a tourist area. One crucial aspect of assessing a tourist area’s feasibility is attractions. Attractions are the main attraction of a tourist attraction. Attractions can be natural beauty, cultural uniqueness, or artificial attractions such as photo spots, rowing boat events, bicycle competitions, horse riding competitions, etc. The availability of exciting attractions can increase tourists’ interest in visiting these tourist locations. This statement is based on the research results of [20] in the Ijen tourist area, which states that tourist attractions and motivation influence the decision to visit the tourist area.

The Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy (2021) pays attention to tourist attractions as attractions [21]. 5 (five) tourist attractions have become national icons, namely rock jumping on Nias Island, North Sumatra, Sapi Karapan on Madura Island, East Java Province, Kecak dance on Bali Island, Pasola in West Sumba, East Nusa Tenggara Province, and the Valley Festival Baliem in Papua. Therefore, managers of tourist areas in Sumbawa Regency need to pay attention to and maintain the existence of attractive attractions in order to increase tourist interest in visiting these tourist locations. Among those that exist are fishing attractions. This fishing attraction needs to be packaged in fishing competitions, horse races, barempuk, mountain bike competitions, etc.

Amenities

Amenities are tourism facilities outside accommodation [22] Widi (2018), such as restaurants, art shops, post offices, rental cars, coffee, karaoke, etc. Amenity analysis aims to determine existing facilities in tourist areas. In terms of amenities, the suitability of a tourist area can be seen from the availability of facilities or amenities at the tourist location. Amenities at tourist locations complement the main tourist attractions. The absence or poor condition of amenities at tourist locations will reduce tourist interest, so providing amenities is very important to pay attention to. Amenities are not only limited to the availability of accommodation for overnight tourists but also the availability of restaurants for food needs, the availability of local transportation, which makes it easier for tourists to travel, and so on [23]; [24]. Amenities are one of the components that a tourist attraction must have when identifying its suitability. In carrying out an amenity analysis, surveys and research are necessary to determine the existing facilities in tourist areas and evaluate whether these facilities meet standards.

The observations at the BSD tourist attraction show that amenities are a fundamental weakness. Supporting facilities, such as restaurants, eateries, art shops, parking lots, and local transportation, have yet to be available. To fulfill the availability of these amenities, serious efforts are needed to involve Village-Owned Enterprises, simplify permits, and provide credit facilities for micro, small, and medium businesses to open businesses that operate in tourism support facilities.

Accommodation

Accommodation is an essential aspect of assessing the suitability of a tourist area. The availability of accommodation at a tourist location can increase tourists’ interest in visiting that tourist location. Research conducted by Supraptini and Supriyadi (2020 in Semarang Regency concluded that accommodation influences tourist satisfaction [25]. Thus, accommodation is a supporting infrastructure for tourist visits to an area. Therefore, tourist area managers need to pay attention to the availability of adequate accommodation to increase tourist interest in visiting the tourist location. Accommodation analysis aims to determine the availability of accommodation in tourist areas. This includes hotels, homestays, and other accommodation. In this case, it is necessary to make observations to determine the availability of accommodation in tourist areas and evaluate whether the accommodation meets standards.

Under current conditions, the BSD tourist attraction will not have accommodation facilities until 2023. However, tourists visiting BSD can access accommodation in Sumbawa Regency by utilizing the infrastructure and transportation facilities, which can be reached within 45 to 60 minutes. Therefore, it is recommended that homestay facilities be provided around the BSD tourist attraction location so that visiting tourists can easily access accommodation facilities.

Accessibility

Accessibility is an essential factor in assessing the suitability of a tourist area. Accessibility can make it easier for visitors to travel from where visitors live to tourist attraction locations. Having adequate and easily accessible local transportation can increase tourists’ interest in visiting these tourist locations. Several studies have also identified the feasibility of tourist areas from the accessibility aspect, including [25]. Therefore, tourist area managers need to pay attention to the availability of adequate accessibility to increase tourist interest in visiting the tourist location. The tourist attraction is easy to access because it is located close to the Trans-Sumbawa state road and is located on the trans-national route.

Accessibility analysis aims to determine the ease of access to tourist areas. For this reason, it is necessary to identify the existence of roads, public transportation, and other transportation infrastructure. Therefore, surveys and observations need to be carried out to determine the ease of access to tourist areas and evaluate whether this access meets standards.

Awareness

An awareness analysis is necessary to determine the level of public awareness about tourist areas. In this case, the aspects studied include the level of public knowledge about tourist areas, the level of public interest in visiting tourist areas, and so on.

The awareness aspect or public awareness regarding tourist areas is also an essential factor in assessing the feasibility of tourist areas because it can influence tourist satisfaction [26]. Public awareness of tourist areas can influence tourists’ interest in visiting these locations. Several studies have also identified the feasibility of tourist areas from the awareness aspect, such as community service activities for capturing tourism feasibility opportunities in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone in Kuta Lombok, which considers the level of community awareness regarding tourism [27]. Therefore, tourist area managers need to increase public awareness about the tourist area to increase tourist interest in visiting the tourist location. Several ways that can be done to increase public awareness about tourist areas include:

▪   Hold promotional campaigns and information about tourist areas through social media, brochures, or banners.

▪   Involving local communities in managing tourist areas so they can understand the importance of preserving them.

▪   Holding activities that can increase people’s interest in visiting tourist locations, such as festivals or cultural events.

Ancillary Service

Ancillary or additional services are essential in assessing a tourist area’s feasibility. Ancillary Services or supporting institutions can be government institutions, community organizations, or private institutions that play a role in developing and managing tourist areas. Ancillary services can also play a role in increasing public awareness about tourist areas and maintaining their sustainability, and promotional efforts regarding ancillary services are needed [28]. Therefore, tourist area managers need to pay attention to the role of supporting institutions in the development and management of tourist areas in order to increase the viability of these tourist areas. Several ways can be done to increase the role of supporting institutions, including:

▪   Involve government agencies, community organizations, or private institutions in developing and managing tourist areas.

▪   Collaborating with supporting institutions to increase public awareness of tourist areas and maintain the sustainability of these tourist areas.

▪   Holding activities involving supporting institutions to increase public interest in visiting tourist locations. Criteria for the feasibility of tourist areas in the ancillary aspect include:

Comfort Services

The comfort service aspect is essential in assessing a tourist area’s feasibility. Comfort services can include various things, such as integrated services at tourist entry gates, comfortable and safe physical conditions, and adequate facilities. Therefore, tourist area managers must pay attention to the comfort services provided to increase tourists’ interest in visiting the tourist location. Several ways that can be done to improve comfort services include:

▪   Improving integrated services at tourist entry gates to make it easier for tourists to enter and exit.

▪   sloping beaches and white sand

▪   Adding water play facilities and tourist service facilities in tourist areas

▪   Maintaining the availability of adequate clean water to increase the comfort of tourists in enjoying tourism.

Environmental Services

The environmental service aspect is also an essential factor in assessing the feasibility of a tourist area. Environmental services can include various things, such as waste management, water management, and preserving the environment around tourist areas. Therefore, tourist area managers need to pay attention to the environmental services provided to increase the suitability of the tourist area. Several ways that can be done to improve environmental services include:

▪   Maintain the cleanliness of the tourist area with excellent and correct waste management.

▪   Maintain the availability of adequate clean water and maintain the cleanliness of water in tourist areas.

▪   Maintain environmental sustainability around the tourist area by maintaining cleanliness and preserving the flora and fauna around the tourist area

▪   Holding activities that educate the public about preserving the environment around tourist areas.

Qualitative Feasibility of Tourism Area Development

The Beringin Sila Dam (BSD) is unique in its beautiful scenic conditions. Apart from that, there are also water sports attractions such as fishing, swimming, and rowing boats. In the BSD tourist area, there are still opportunities to develop various attractions such as mountain biking competitions, horse racing competitions, “gerenuk” attractions, and many more that can be offered to tourists on a scheduled basis.

The amenities available in the Beringin Sila Dam tourist area still need to be improved. However, the plan is to provide MSME stalls to meet visitors’ needs. Apart from that, there is no accommodation available in the BSD tourist area. However, several accommodations can be reached within 30 minutes of the tourist area.

The BSD tourist area can be accessed via paved highways. However, accessibility to tourist areas is still limited due to inadequate public transportation. The BSD Tourism Area is also relatively new, so public awareness still needs to be improved.

The results of the analysis conclude that the feasibility criteria for the Beringin Sila Dam in the Sumbawa tourist area are included in the ” feasible ” category for development, with a total score of 270 (Table 1).

Table 1 Qualitative Feasibility Criteria for the Berigin Sila Dam Tourism Area

Sources: Tajidan, et al (2023)

The Beringin Sila Dam, located in Utan District, is a tourist attraction with a beautiful panorama of a valley among green hills. The coloring adds to the beauty of the dam area alongside the well-maintained gardens. If it is used as a tourist attraction, it is feared that it will damage the park and endanger the dam’s safety, so the option is to limit visitors outside the guardrail. Tight security is required to protect strategic and vital infrastructure. It is hampered by permits for designation as a tourist area, except at designated locations downstream from the dam building.

Sensitivity Analysis

Sensitivity analysis aims to measure the resilience of a project to socio-economic and political turmoil, which has an impact on decreasing the value of benefits and increasing investment and operational costs. The sensitive level is measured using a 10% reduction in the value of benefits and a 10% reduction in operational costs. Sensitivity analysis categories are as follows:

▪   Resilient if “reasonable” for a reduction in the value of benefits and an increase in operational costs of 10%

▪   Sensitive if “not feasible” to a decrease in the value of benefits and an increase in operational costs of 10%

The results of the sensitivity analysis for each location are as follows:

The Beringin Sila Dam tourist area’s development has the opportunity to continue because the results of the economic feasibility analysis and sensitivity analysis show that this area is suitable for development. The risks can be controlled if the number of visits decreases by less than 10% or the operational costs increase by less than 10%. The results of the sensitivity analysis can be seen in Table 1.

When surveys and observations were carried out, it was discovered that in addition to enjoying the natural beauty and environmental beauty of the Beringin Sila Dam, the visitors who came aimed to channel their hobby of fishing, refresh themselves, and take advantage of their free time.

Table 2. Results of sensitivity analysis of the development of the Beringin Sila Dam area

 Sources: Tajidan, et al (2023)

The results of the sensitivity analysis of the development of the BSD area (Table 2) are in the “resilient” category. To strengthen the distribution of the fishing hobby, a tourist event called a “fishing competition” is necessary. For this purpose, a competition organizing committee must be formed so that the number of visitors can increase from year to year.

Efforts can be made to increase the length of visits by providing accommodation infrastructure, culinary stalls, washrooms, toilets, open spaces, prayer rooms, parking lots, etc., and maintaining existing ones such as photo spots, boats, and parks.

Table 3. Results of analysis of the impact of tourist area development on the regional economy

Sources: Tajidan, et al (2023)

As shown in Table 3, sensitivity analysis shows that the BSD tourist attraction can be developed as a tourist area by completing several facilities and attractions described above.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The qualitative feasibility analysis, supported by sensitivity analysis, shows that the BSD tourist attraction is worthy of being developed as a tourist area.

To develop the BSD tourist attraction into a tourist area, accommodation, culinary infrastructure, and facilities must be built, as well as cultural tourism attractions and sports tourism, to increase its attractiveness for local, domestic, and foreign tourists.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT 

Thank you to the Head of the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office of Sumbawa Regency and the Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram for their contributions, so that the results of the data research were published.

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