Analysis of the Legal Obligation of Suppliers and Manufacturers to Consumers in Nigeria and the United Kingdom
Michael Sunday Afolayan, PhD, Eniola Adedayo Arogundade- November 2021- Page No.: 01-05
This paper analysed the obligations of the suppliers and manufacturer of goods to the consumers under the legal regime for the protection of consumers in Nigeria and the United Kingdom. The work examined the legal framework in Nigeria and United Kingdom, which governs the relationship between the manufacturers, producers, suppliers and consumers. The work also compared the legal regime in the two jurisdictions for the purpose of observing the similarities and differences in the suppliers/manufacturers and consumers relationship. Doctrinal Legal research methodology was adopted with the use primary and secondary sources of legal material. It was discovered that the attitude of Nigerian courts to the obligations of the manufacturers to the consumers has been strictly viewed from the negligence point of view (fault theory) contrary to what obtained in the United Kingdom, where the courts make use of the negligence theory and the strict liability theory whenever the court is called upon to adjudicate on issues bothering on the obligations of manufacturers to consumers. The work concluded that the obligations of the manufacturers to consumers must be reviewed in Nigeria, using the United Kingdom’s combined approach of the negligence and strict liability theories, in addition to criminal prosecution, in appropriate cases, of erring manufacturers in the discharge of their obligation to the consumers. This will in no small measure rid the Nigerian market of fake and counterfeit products from manufacturers who are only profit-oriented. The work made attempt at proffering solutions or better way of doing business in the supplied chain in Nigeria considering the global best practices around the globe.
Page(s): 01-05 Date of Publication: 22 November 2021
Michael Sunday Afolayan, PhD
Senior Lecturer, Business & Industrial Law Department, Faculty of Law, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Eniola Adedayo Arogundade
LL.M Research Student, Faculty of Law, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
[1] Asikhia O, Oni-Ojo EE, An Investigation into the legal framework of marketing in Nigeria, Australian Journal on Business and Management 2011, 4(2)
[2] Akomolede T.I. and Afolayan M.S. “Socio-Legal Analysis of Electronic Commercial Transactions in Nigeria.” Nnamdi Azikwe University Journal of International Law and Jurisprudence, Vol. 11, Issue No.2, pgs 20-33 (2020).
[3] Afolayan M. S. “Legal Analysis of Electronic Payment System and Frauds Associated with E-Commerce Transactions in Nigeria.” Nnamdi Azikwe University Journal of Commercial and Property Law, Vol. 8, Issue No. 3, pgs. 116-125 (2021).
[4] Babatunde A.Sodipe, At a glance: the source of product liability law in Nigeria October 2020 https://www.lexology.com/library/dtail.asp?g=c1960386-15ed-4b7b-a226-1d3a4b7cb8f1
[5] Edith Ebeguki Oni-Ojo and Oluwole Iyiola, Legal Implication of Manufacturer’s negligence and its effect on Consumer: A study of South west of Nigeria, Global Scholar Journal of Marketing 1(1) 2014 https://www.globalscholarjournals.org/MS/GSJMK
[6] Ekanem EE, Institutional Framework for consumer protection in Nigeria, International Journal advance Legal Studies and Governance (2011) 2(1) 38
[7] Gbade Akinrinmade, The jurisprudence of product liability in Nigeria: A need to Complement the Existing Fault theory, Afe Babalola University Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy, 7 (1) 2016 http://dx.doi,org/10.4314ljsdlp,v7i2.9
[8] M.C Okany, Nigerian Commercial Law (Africana First Publisher 2009) 383
[9] Pinsent Mason, Product Liability under the Consumer Protection Act 2020 pinsentmasons.com/out-law/guides/product-liability-under-the-consumer-protection-act
[10] Ron A. Bender, Liability of the Manufacturer to the Ultimate consumer, Montana Law Review Vol. 31(1) 1969 https://www/scholarship.law.umt.educgi view content
Michael Sunday Afolayan, PhD, Eniola Adedayo Arogundade, “Analysis of the Legal Obligation of Suppliers and Manufacturers to Consumers in Nigeria and the United Kingdom” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.01-05 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/01-05.pdf
Download PDF
Mentoring Young People in Veeplaas Seventh-day Adventist Church: The Role of the Local Church Leadership
Bulelani Bomela – November 2021- Page No.: 06-11
Youth Ministries is the lifeblood of the Church today. This ministry is also designed to assist youth within and youth in the communities. The Seventh day Adventist World Church membership is mainly composed of young people with an estimate of 75%. Young people have been and continue to take leadership roles in the local church. Yet, the Church’s challenge of losing young people and failure to uphold Christian standards has been discovered to be increasing day by day. The degrading standards and morals within church youth hinder one of Adventist youth Ministries’ objectives, which is ‘Youth working for other youth.’ It is further discovered that the neglect of mentoring programmes which provide opportunities for youth to develop spiritually and mentally and the absence of spiritual and mentally matured mentors in the local churches is the cause for either the loss of young people or poor decision making by youth in matters relating to life. This article seeks to discover and display the use of mentorship programs at Veeplaas church of Seventh day Adventist as means to retain youth, reduce or prevent moral degeneration and providing counseling and guidance among them. Literature is used to review, define and critically look at mentoring as a discipline effective for youth development.
Page(s): 06-11 Date of Publication: 22 November 2021
Bulelani Bomela
Adventist University of Africa, Kenya
[1] Arzola. F. et al., Youth Ministry in the 21st Century: Five Views (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2015), 148.
[2] Blakeslee, Jennifer E. and Keller, Thomas E. “Mentoring: Building the Youth Mentoring Knowledge Base: Publishing Trends and Coauthorship Networks,” Journal of Community Psychology Vol. 40 (September 2012): 845-859, accessed 17
[3] Coppedge, A. The Biblical Principles of Discipleship. Grand Rapids: Francis Asbury Press, 1989.
[4] Crosby, John C. “On the Importance of Mentorship,” Accessed 18 July 2019, http://www.healio.com/journals/ortho/2009-4-32-4/%7B3b54a1b2-a9fa-4d46-a6c2-a517f8b2dcb4%7D/on- the-importance-of-mentorship.
[5] Earl, P. Mentoring. Renewal Journal. Discipleship, 11. Retrieved December 5, 2007, from www. pastornet.au
[6] Engstrom, Ted H., and Norman B. Rohrer, The Fine Art of Mentoring: Passing on to Others What God Has Given to You. Tennessee: Wolgemuth and Hyatt, 1989. Fields, D. Purpose Driven Youth Ministries: 9 Essential Foundations for Healthy Growth. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1998. Fernando Arzola et al., Youth Ministry in the 21st Century: Five Views. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2015.
[7] Herman, L. from teaching to mentoring: Principle and Practice, dialogue and life in adult education. London: Routledge Falmer, 2004.
[8] Kram, K.E. Mentoring at Work: Developmental Relationships in Organizational Life (Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman, 1985.
[9] Lundin, Stephen. C. Harry Paul and John Christensen, Fish! A Remarkable Way to Boost Moral and Improve Results. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 2000.
[10] Mallison, J. Mentoring to develop disciples and leaders. Buckinghamshire, Buckinghamshire, UK: Scripture Union, 1998.
[11] Mbiti, J.S. African Religions and Philosophy, 2nd Ed. (Heinemann Educational Publishers, 1969),
[12] Meyer, M. and Fourie, L. Mentoring and Coaching: Tools and Techniques for implementation. Randburg, South Africa: Knowres Publishing, 2004.
[13] Moore, W.B. Mentoring side by side: Mentoring in the Bible. Retrieved 5 December 2007, from www.mentoring-disciples .org
[14] Rhodes, J.E. “Youth Mentoring in Perspective,” accessed 18 January 2016, http://www.infield.org/learningmentors/youth_mentoring _in_ perspective.htm.
[15] Shea, G.F. The Mentoring Organization. Menlo Park, CA: Crisp Publications, 2003.
[16] Stanley, P.D., and Clinton, R.C. Connecting: The Mentoring Relationship you need to succeed in life. Colorado Springs: Navpress, 1992.
[17] Steinmann, N. Fundamentals for Effective Mentoring: Raising giant killers. Randburg, South Africa: Knowres Publishing, 2006.
[18] White, E.G. Education. Mountain View, CA: Pacific Press, 1903. White, E.G. Patriarchs and Prophets. Washington, DC: Review and Herald, 1890.
[19] Write, W.C. Mentoring: The Promise of Relational Leadership (Waynesboro, GA: Paternoster Press, 2004), 137. Zachary, L.J. Creating Mentoring Culture: The Organizations Guide. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 2005.
Bulelani Bomela , “Mentoring Young People in Veeplaas Seventh-day Adventist Church: The Role of the Local Church Leadership” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.06-11 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51101
Download PDF
Students’ Personal Stories: Modular Distance Learning First Experiences in the New Normal
Marjorie P. Caslib, Ronald S. Decano – November 2021- Page No.: 12-16
The pandemic has altered the lives and activities of people all across the world in ways that no one could have predicted. The once-in-a-lifetime circumstance presented both problems and opportunities to all segments of the community and society. The key purpose of this descriptive qualitative phenomenological study is to explore the personal stories of students in the modular distance learning first experiences in SY 2020-2021. Insights, opinions, and ideas were sought from six (6) low performing students through Key Informant Interview. Considering the lockdown problems, data were gathered through phone calls, and video calls and were recorded, transcribed, coded analyzed, and categorized responses into themes. Five emergent themes were generated, are as follow: (1) Poor reading comprehension level (2) Lack alternative learning materials (3) No strict daily learning routine (4) No constant communication from parents and teachers for support (5) Unmotivated learning system at home. Findings revealed that the most difficult experiences met by students are the lack of comprehension and insufficient learning resources. With these findings, the school administrator and teachers should provide necessary learning strategies and alternative resources to increase learners’ performance.
Page(s): 12-16 Date of Publication: 22 November 2021
Marjorie P. Caslib
Graduate Student, Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management, Davao del Norte State College, Philippines
Ronald S. Decano
Dean, Institute of Advanced Studies, Davao del Norte State College, Philippines
[1] Clark, C. (n.d.). Why it is important to involve parents in their children’s literacy. National Literacyb trust.
The Basic Education Learning Continuity Plan in the Time Of COVID-19
https://www.teacherph.com/downloaddeped-basic-education-learning-continuity- plan-in-thetime-of-covid-19/
Najib A. Kofahi and Nowduri Srinivas (May 2004),Distance Learning: Major Issues and Challenges, May 2004 https://itdl.org/Journal/May_04/article02.htm
[2] Labrado, Gay L, Ike Paul Q Labrado, Emily C Rosal, Analiza B Layasan, Esmeralda S Salazar, Dev Ed, D Cebu Technological, et al. (2020). “RESEARCH ARTICLE NAGA- -CEBU DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC.”
[3] Pe Dangle, Ysthr Rave, and Johnine Danganan Sumaoang. (2020). “The Implementation of Modular Distance Learning in the Philippine Secondary Public Schools.” Icate.
[4] Yeong, May Luu, Rosnah Ismail, Noor Hassim Ismail, and Mohd Isa Hamzah (2018). “Interview Protocol Refinement: Fine-Tuning Qualitative Research Interview Questions for Multi-Racial Populations in Malaysia.” Qualitative Report 23 (11).
[5] Eleanor Edstrom (2021). “Reading During a Global Pandemic “World Literacy Foundation Organization
https://worldliteracyfoundation.org/reading-during-a-global-pandemic/
[6] Dr. Jayaram, K. and Dr. Dorababu, K. K (2020). Self-learning materials in distance education system” International of current research
[7] Hemmeter, Mary Louise; Michaelene Ostrosky, and Lise Fox (2006). “Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning: A Conceptual Model for Intervention.”School Psychology Review 35(4) (2006): 583–601.
Marjorie P. Caslib, Ronald S. Decano “Students’ Personal Stories: Modular Distance Learning First Experiences in the New Normal” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.12-16 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51102
Download PDF
Impact of Covid-19 on Teaching Effectiveness in Selected Private Secondary Schools in Makerere Kikoni
David Mutagubya- November 2021- Page No.: 17-23
The study was meant to establish the impact of Covid-19 on teaching and learning effectiveness in Makerere Caltect and Modern private secondary schools in Kikoni. It was guided by three objectives that is, to establish the impact of Covid-19 on teacher student interaction instructional materials and sanitation on teaching and learning effectiveness. It was descriptive in nature involving a few students as study participants. These were purposively selected. It was thematically analyzed thematically. Findings revealed that Covid 19 negatively affected interaction, instructional materials provision and use above all negatively affected teaching and learning due to diversion of resources on sanitation facilities., From the objective on teacher student interaction, it was concluded that Covid impacted negatively on teacher-student interaction which consequently had a negative impact on teaching and learning of students. From the second objective, it was concluded that Covid-19 had a negative impact on instructional materials, as resources were diverted on sanitation thus, negatively impacting on teaching and learning. From the last objective, it was concluded that Covid-19 impacted negatively on sanitation of the schools thus, interfering with teaching and learning. From the findings, conclusions, it was recommended that to realize effective teaching and learning in Covid period, the responsible bodies in schools, private schools organizations and in partnership with Ministry of Education and Sports should do the following; Should ensure that the environment of teaching is made teacher-learner friendly for interaction purposes. This may be done by providing cheap laptops and widening study space. Should ensure that all schools are provided with loans to access computers and other instructional materials like books handouts, during Covid. Sanitation facilities in schools are provided at a cheap price, also there ought to reduce on taxes pertaining sanitation facilities.
Page(s): 17-23 Date of Publication: 23 November 2021
David Mutagubya
School of Education, Makerere University, Uganda
[1] Jaramillo, J.G. (2020) Covid-19 and primary and secondary education. The impact of crisis and public policy implication for Latin America and Caribbean: UNDP Latin America and Caribbean UNICEF.
[2] Mishra, L. Gupta. T.& Shree, A. (2020) online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of Covid-19 pandemic. International journal of educational research open. Elsevier. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012
[3] Pokhel, S. & Chletri, R. (2021). A literature on impacts of Covid 19 pandemic on teaching and learning research article, http://dol.org/10.1177/2347631/20983481
[4] UKAID (2020). The effects of Covid-19 on education in Africa and its implication for the use of technology e-learning Africa . Ed-Tech. Dol.105281/zenodo.4018774.
[5] Vlochus, J, Hertegard, Eand Svaleryd, H.B. (2020). The effect of school closures on SARS-COV 2 among parents and teachers. Departments of economics, PNAS, 118(9) 1-7 http://org/10.1073/pnas.2020834118
David Mutagubya, “Impact of Covid-19 on Teaching Effectiveness in Selected Private Secondary Schools in Makerere Kikoni” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.17-23 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/17-23.pdf
Download PDF
Linking Teaching and Training Methods: Classroom Teaching vis-a-vis Workplace Training within the Hospitality Industry
Lucy Ajambo, Leikny Øgrim, Justine Nabaggala – November 2021- Page No.: 24-32
Harmonization of teaching and training methods (TTMs) continue be prerequisite and critical for teachers and trainers as they promote successful acquisition of essential and practical skills for further training in workplaces in Uganda. As the linkage is enfolded, it is confronted with increasingly distinctive challenges. This study aimed at exploring the linkage of TTMs between classroom teaching and workplace training in the hospitality industry in Uganda. A qualitative research approach using a case study design was used. A sample of 16 participants was purposively selected from vocational institutions and workplaces. In-depth interview were used to collect data. The study found out that the linkage of TTMs played a significant role in developing and strengthening of essential and practical competencies. Minimal participation, unsatisfactory use of teacher initiated methods, exhaustion and neglectful listening, unavailability, inadequate and obsolete tools, equipment and materials were also identified. The study recommends that TTMs in the hospitality industry should be allowed to evolve through a systematic harmonization, horizontal expertize and collaboration in order to have effective linkage of classroom teaching to workplace training that encourage and facilitate motivation, critical thinking and avail up-to-date tools, equipment and materials in vocational institutions .
Page(s): 24-32 Date of Publication: 23 November 2021
Lucy Ajambo
Faculty of Educational Sciences for Teacher Education and International Studies, Oslo Metropolitan, University/ Kyambogo University, Uganda
Leikny Øgrim
Faculty of Education and International Studies, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway
Justine Nabaggala
Faculty of Vocational Studies, Kyambogo University, Uganda
[1] M. W. Johansson and M. W. Johansson, “Tracing the moving ‘ target ’ in Didaktik of vocational classroom instruction instruction,” J. Curric. Stud., vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 870–883, 2020, doi: 10.1080/00220272.2020.1795270.
[2] J. M. La Lopa, Y. N. M. K. Elsayed, and M. L. Wray, “The State of Active Learning in the Hospitality Classroom,” J. Hosp. Tour. Educ., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 95–108, 2018, doi: 10.1080/10963758.2018.1436971.
[3] S. Chau and C. Cheung, “‘Bringing Life to Learning’: A Study of Active Learning in Hospitality Education,” Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, vol. 26, no. 3–4. pp. 127–136, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s40299-017-0333-6.
[4] S. Chau and C. Cheung, “Academic satisfaction with hospitality and tourism education in Macao: the influence of active learning, academic motivation, and student engagement,” Asia Pacific J. Educ., vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 473–487, 2018, doi: 10.1080/02188791.2018.1500350.
[5] L. G. Sisson and A. R. Adams, “Essential hospitality management competencies: The importance of soft skills,” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, vol. 25, no. 3. pp. 131–145, 2013, doi: 10.1080/10963758.2013.826975.
[6] W. C. Griffin, “Hospitality faculty: are we meeting the demands of industry?,” J. Teach. Travel Tour., vol. 0, no. 0, pp. 1–22, 2020, doi: 10.1080/15313220.2020.1746225.
[7] J. Shi, J. Zhang, and L. A. Cai, “Active learning for an introductory tourism course—a case study,” J. Teach. Travel Tour., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2020, doi: 10.1080/15313220.2020.1770663.
[8] E. D. Kalanda, F. L. Malenya, and E. J. Otiende, “An Exploration of Students Workplace Learning Placements Practice of Universities in Uganda,” vol. IV, no. Xi, pp. 203–211, 2020.
[9] R. Konkola, T. Tuomi-Gröhn, P. Lambert, and S. Ludvigsen, “Promoting learning and transfer between school and workplace,” J. Educ. Work, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 211–228, 2007, doi: 10.1080/13639080701464483.
[10] L. Sikoyo, “Cambridge Journal of Education Contextual challenges of implementing learner-centred pedagogy: the case of the problem-solving approach in Uganda,” Taylor Fr., vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 247–263, 2010, doi: 10.1080/0305764X.2010.509315.
[11] D. Kintu, K. M. Kitainge, and A. Ferej, “Trainers ’ perception of the teaching and learning approaches used for competence development in the Technical Vocational Education and Training institutions in Uganda,” IOSR J. Res. Method Educ., vol. 9, no. February, pp. 8–20, 2019, doi: 10.9790/7388-0901040820.
[12] D. M. A. Baker and R. Unni., “USA and Asia Hospitality & Tourism Students ’ Perceptions and Satisfaction with Online Learning versus Traditional Face-to-Face Instruction,” vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 40–54, 2018.
[13] D. J. Deming, “THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL SKILLS IN THE LABOR MARKET *.” p. 37, 2017.
[14] P. Lambert, “The boundary fade away: Innovative learning as a collaboration between vocational teacher education, educational institutions and working life Helsinki organizations.” Helsinki Polytechnic, Helsinki, 1999.
[15] P. Lambert, “Learning tasks producing developmental transfer,” in At the boundary-zone between school and work: new possibilities of work-based learning, T. T.-G. & Y. Engeström, Ed. Helsinki: Polytechnic University Press, 2001, pp. 96–147.
[16] T. Baum, A. Kralj, R. N. S. Robinson, and D. J. Solnet, “Tourism workforce research: A review, taxonomy and agenda,” Ann. Tour. Res., vol. 60, pp. 1–22, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2016.04.003.
[17] M. Ddungu-kafuluma, S. John, and S. Wanami, “The role of training philosophy in the training of quality technical teachers and instructors in Uganda,” vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 580–585, 2018.
[18] Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, “National Diploma in Hotel Management Curriciulum; National Diploma in Tourism Management Curriciulum; National Diploma in Pastry and Bakery Curriciulum,” Kampala, 2013.
[19] J. C. Okware and W. Ngaka, “Rationale and challenges of technical vocational education and training in Uganda,” Tech. Educ. Vocat. Train. Dev. Nations, no. October 2019, pp. 26–44, 2017, doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1811-2.ch002.
[20] A. Nassazi, “EFFECTS OF TRAINING ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE . Evidence from Uganda,” VAASAN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES, 2013.
[21] A. B. K. Kasozi, “The African universities capacity to participate in global higher education for supply and production: A case of Uganda,” Uganda J. Educ., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 45–63, 2003.
[22] O. H. Nakelet, I. Prossy, O. B. Bernard, E. Peter, and O. Dorothy, “Assessment of Experiential Learning and Teaching Approaches in Undergraduate Programmes at the School of Agricultural Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda,” Int. J. High. Educ., vol. 6, no. 5, p. 155, 2017, doi: 10.5430/ijhe.v6n5p155.
[23] S. Bunoti, “The quality of post-secondary education in developing countries needs professional support,” Cent. Educ. Innov. An Initiat. Results Dev. Inst., pp. 1–10, 2010.
[24] J. Otaala, J. S. Maani, and G. G. Bakaira, “Effectiveness of university teacher education curriculum on the secondary school teacher performance in Uganda: The case of Kyambogo University,” J. Int. Coop. Educ., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 95–112, 2013.
[25] Ministry of Education and Sports, “Private Sector Contribution to the Provision of Relvant Skills Development in Uganda: Commissioner, Private Schools and Institutions,” Kampala, 2014.
[26] Ministry of Education and Sports, “THE TECHNICAL VOCATIONALEDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) POLICY IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES,” Kampala, 2019.
[27] Budget Monitoring and Accountability Unit, “Business, Technical and Vocational Training: Are the objectives being met?,” Kampala, BMAU Briefing Paper 26 / 19, 2019. [Online]. Available: www.finance.go.ug.
[28] L. Muganga and P. Ssenkusu, “Teacher-Centered vs . Student-Centered,” Cult. Pedagog. Inq., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 16–40, 2019, doi: 10.18733/cpi29481.
[29] Y. Engeström, Learning by Expandinding, An Activity – Theory approach to Developmental Research., 1st Ed. Helsinki: Orienta-Konsultit, 1987.
[30] Y. Engeström and A. Sannino, “Studies of expansive learning Foundations, findings and future challenges – ScienceDirect,” Educ. Res. Rev., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–24, 2010, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2009.12.002.
[31] Y. Engeström, studies in Expansive Learning: Learning What is Not Yet there, 1st Ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
[32] H. Engeström, Y; Kerosuo, “From workplace learning to inter-organizational learning and back: The contribution of activity theory.,” J. Work. Learn., vol. 19, pp. 336–342, 2007.
[33] D. K. Moore, Effective Instructional Strategies: From Theory to Practice, 4th editio. Thousand Oaks/London/ New Dheli: Sage Publications, 2014.
[34] D. R. Daniel Muijs, Effective Teching: Evidence and Practice, 3rd ed. Los Angeles/ London/ New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2011.
[35] P. Sammons, Effective teaching, no. January 2013. 2020.
[36] H. M. Egeberg, A. Mcconney, and A. Price, “Classroom Management and National Professional Standards for Teachers : A Review of the Literature on Theory and Practice,” Aust. J. Teach. Educ., vol. 41, no. 7, p. 18, 2016, doi: 10.14221/ajte.2016v41n7.1.
[37] M. Lytras and L. Daniela, Learning Strategies and Constructionism in Modern Education Settings. 2018.
[38] C. Elman, J. Gerring, and J. Mahoney, “Case Study Research : Putting the Quant Into the Qual,” vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 375–391, 2016, doi: 10.1177/0049124116644273.
[39] A. Y. Selcuk Kendirli, Yakup Ulker, “ACCOUNTING EDUCATION AT FACULTY OF ECONOMIC ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCE IN KYRGYZSTAN UNIVERSITIES AND EXPECTATION OF STUDENTS FROM ACCOUNTING EDUCATION , A CASE STUDY IN BISHKEK,” Res. J. Bus. Manag., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 52–68, 2015, doi: 10.17261/Pressacademia.201519787.
[40] S. Mikkonen, L. Pylväs, H. Rintala, P. Nokelainen, and L. Postareff, “Guiding workplace learning in vocational education and training: A literature review,” Empir. Res. Vocat. Educ. Train., vol. 9, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.1186/s40461-017-0053-4.
[41] D. E. Lorenz, “Pedagogies of Resistance: Living Resistance by Writing,” pp. 6–14, 2018.
[42] E. Kalanda, “Industrial Training a Workplace learning approach for Hotel trainees of Kyambogo University,” Kyambogo University, 2012.
[43] J. E. Okou, “[PDF] Meeting the challenges of technical_vocational education the Ugandan experience Semantic Scholar.” Ministry of education and sports, Kampala, pp. 1–11, 2002, doi: N/A.
[44] Ministry of Education and Sports, “Handbook on Polices- Acts, Policy Guidelines and Regulations,” Kampala, 2011.
[45] K. Maršíková and E. Šlaichová, “Perspectives of employee training and development: methods and approachee,” ACC J., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 13–23, 2015, doi: 10.15240/tul/004/2015-3-002.
[46] A. Thapa et al., Teacher Quality, Instructional Quality and Student Outcomes. Relationships Across Countries, Cohorts and Time (A Series of In-depth Analyses Based on Data of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA)), vol. 52, no. 4. 2016.
[47] T. A. Kleinbort et al., “Writing in the Discipline: A Writing Mentorship Program to Enhance Student Writing Skills in the Leisure Field,” Sch. A J. Leis. Stud. Recreat. Educ., vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 46–53, 2020, doi: 10.1080/1937156x.2020.1720467.
[48] T. C. M. Lam, “Training Methods : A Review and Analysis,” no. April, pp. 10–35, 2016, doi: 10.1177/1534484313497947.
[49] Å. H. S. D. Bakkevig, R. J. Mykletun, and S. Einarsen, “‘We’re not slaves – we are actually the future!’ A follow-up study of apprentices’ experiences in the Norwegian hospitality industry,” J. Vocat. Educ. Train., vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 460–481, 2015, doi: doi/full/10.1080/13636820.2015.
[50] K. Sonnenschein, M. Barker, and R. Hibbins, “Investigating higher Education Students’ Professional Socialisation: a revised framework,” Higher Education Research and Development, vol. 37, no. 6. pp. 1287–1301, 2018, doi: 10.1080/07294360.2018.1458286.
[51] K. Yin, R, Case Study Research. Los Angeles/ London/ New Delhi: Sage Publications Limited, 2014.
[52] B. Yazan, “Three Approaches to Case Study Methods in Education : Yin , Merriam , and Stake Three Approaches to Case Study Methods in Education : Yin , Merriam , and Stake,” vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 134–152, 2015.
[53] D. Silverman, Doing Qualitative Research, 4th Ed. Los Angeles: Sage, 2014.
[54] L. Bartlet and F. Vavrus, Rethinking Case Study Resesrch: A Comparative Approach. New York: Routledge, 2017.
[55] V. Braun, V; Clarke, “Using thematic analysis in psychology,” Qual. Res. Psychol., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 77–101, 2006, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
[56] E. Tuck and M. McKenzie, “Relational Validity and the ‘Where’ of Inquiry: Place and Land in Qualitative Research,” Qualitative Inquiry, vol. 21, no. 7. pp. 633–638, 2015, doi: 10.1177/1077800414563809.
Lucy Ajambo, Leikny Øgrim, Justine Nabaggala , “Linking Teaching and Training Methods: Classroom Teaching vis-a-vis Workplace Training within the Hospitality Industry” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.24-32 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51103
Download PDF
The Extent of the Implementation of the Learning Continuity Plan of Panabo City National High School During Covid-19 Pandemic
Theresa R. Baman, Ronald S. Decano – November 2021- Page No.: 33-36
Covid-19 disease brought threats to humankind worldwide that made the closure of establishments, especially schools, to protect mainly the students, teachers, and its school staff. For this reason, face-to-face sessions were discouraged and other modalities were introduced based on the local Learning Continuity Plan of the school. Panabo City National High School crafted its Learning Continuity Plan based on the Department of Education Order No. 19 series of 2020. This study aims to determine the extent of implementing the Learning Continuity Plan of Panabo City National High School in its learning modalities utilized, the challenges, opinions, and recommendations by the parents, teachers, students, and other stakeholders. The challenges, opinions, and recommendations were identified through a quantitative deductive research design by conducting surveys to the 100 Panabo City National High School participants through quota and purposive sampling. The results showed that the school has implemented its Learning Continuity Plan (LCP) very well and observed by the parents, teacher, students, and other stakeholders and private individuals. The challenges that emerged were limited supply of printing materials in the production and delivery of modules; students struggle with self-studying, parents’ lack of knowledge to academically guide their child/children, internet, and other technical capacity issues. In conclusion, the study determined the extent of the implementation of the Learning Continuity Plan and recommendations for any room of improvement. The result of this study may serve as a springboard for the future improvements of the schools’ existing programs and guidelines on implementing the Learning Continuity Plan for the next school year.
Page(s): 33-36 Date of Publication: 23 November 2021
Theresa R. Baman
Graduate Student, Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management, Davao del Norte State College, Philippines
Ronald S. Decano
Dean, Institute of Advanced Studies, Davao del Norte State College, Philippines
[1] Bernardo, J. (2020, July 30). Modular Learning most preferred parents: DepEd. ABS-CBN News.https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/30/20/modular-learning-most-preferred-by-parentsdeped
[2] FlipScience. (2020, October 5). ‘Tagapagdaloy’: How Filipino parents can help ensure successful modular distance learning. FlipScience – Top Philippine Science News and Features for the Inquisitive Filipino. https://www.flipscience.ph/news/features-news/tagapagdaloymodular-distance-learning/
[3] The University of Saskatchewan, Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Planning, Unit Planning Guide and Workbook,Feb (2006) Sarah Gonser Tips for Principals Shifting Their Schools to Distance Learning. March 25, 2020
[4] Quinones, M. T. (2020, July 3). DepEd clarifies blended, distance learning modalities for SY 20202021. Philippine Information Agency. https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1046619
[5] Tria, J. Z. (2020, June 3). The COVID-19 Pandemic through the Lens of Education in the Philippines: The New Normal. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341981898_The_COVID-19_Pandemic_through_the_Lens_of_Education_in_the_Philippines_The_New_Normal
[6] Llego, MA. (n.d). DepEd Learning Delivery Modalities for School Year 2020-2021. TeacherPh. https://www.teacherph.com/deped-learning-delivery-modalities/
Theresa R. Baman, Ronald S. Decano “The Extent of the Implementation of the Learning Continuity Plan of Panabo City National High School During Covid-19 Pandemic” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.33-36 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51104
Download PDF
Correlation Analysis of Developer Interaction on Stack Overflow Website towards Perceived Programming Skills among Information Technology Students in Jose Maria College
Jerwin Carreon, Japhet Floren, Jory Benedicto, Erica Celine Fernandez, Vishy Te, Kate Saramosing, Riza Mae Sinangote- November 2021- Page No.: 37-40
There is massive information and addresses that can be found through the internet. Internet users visit websites like forums and blogs worldwide to seek information, communicate especially to get ideas. Stack Overflow is one of the popular sites ever visited by communities. The main objective of this site is to enable users to ask questions, collaborate and seek help commonly to a certain programming context or errors. Furthermore, programmers find it an effective and interesting collaborating site. Considering this site has been for many years on the internet. May it be a beginner trying to figure out programming, average or professionals with different logics and ways of contributions find this site very influential. This alone has shaped individuals’ programming skills both negatively and positively. This study aims to produce a statistical record of correlation between developer interactions of Stack Overflow within Jose Maria College IT students and perceived programming skills. Jose Maria College is an institution that runs an IT program which means programming as one of their core subjects, students are no excuse and exposed to encountering programming issues. Often, the students are susceptible to visiting Stack Overflow to find answers for their assignments and projects. Nevertheless, this study will show the impact of the site on the programming skills of the students. Commonly visualization figures and text inputs indicating the instruments and findings.
Page(s): 37-40 Date of Publication: 23 November 2021
Jerwin Carreon
Student, Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Jose Maria College, Philippine
Japhet Floren
Student, Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Jose Maria College, Philippine
Jory Benedicto
Student, Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Jose Maria College, Philippine
Erica Celine Fernandez
Student, Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Jose Maria College, Philippine
Vishy Te
Student, Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Jose Maria College, Philippine
Kate Saramosing
Faculty, Jose Maria College
Riza Mae Sinangote
Student, Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Jose Maria College, Philippine
[1] Bachschi T., Hannak A., Lemmerich F., and Wachs J., “From Asking to Answering: Getting More Involved on Stack Overflow”, arXiv e-prints, 2020.: Getting More Involved on Stack Overflow
[2] Amalarethinam, George & Lucia, T., “ScienceDirect International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICICT 2014) Customer Facilitated Cost-based Scheduling (CFCSC) in Cloud”.2015. 660-667.
[3] R. Dagohoy, M.V. Buladaco, J. Jacinto, J. Pintado, & L. Ibañez, “Social Media Marketing Towards Consumer Buying Behavior: A Case in Panabo City”,5, 22-30, 10.47772/IJRISS, 2021, 5202.
[4] R. Dekeyser, ”Skill acquisition theory”, In B. VanPatten & J. Williams (Eds.), Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction (pp. 97-113). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.,2007.
[5] C. P. Speelman, & K. Kirsner, “Beyond the learning curve: The construction of mind. Oxford University Press”, 2005.
[6] K. Buckreus, “Connectivism: Informing Distance Education Theory”, Pedagogy and Research, Morinville, Alberta, Canada, 2020.
[7] L. Harasim, Learning Theory and Online Technologies, RoutledgeFalmer, Taylor & Francis Group, 2012, New York.
[8] T. Ahmed, & A. Srivastava, “Understanding and evaluating the behavior of technical users. A study of developer interaction at StackOverflow”, Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences, 7 (1), doi: 10. 1186/s13673-017-0091-8, 2017.
[9] C. Magallanes, M. Ortiz, M.N. Seville, E. Tuliao, S. Tejada, N.G. Eroy & M.V. Buladaco, “Analysis And Design Of A Sales And Inventory Management Information System For A Motorcycle Parts And Accessories Store”, International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 4 Issue 3, May -June 2021.
[10] [M.V. Buladaco & F.L. Ubay, “GETMOSYS: A Plant Pathologists Geotagging And Monitoring System For Infected Banana Plant”, International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research Volume 9, Issue 04, April 2020.
Jerwin Carreon, Japhet Floren, Jory Benedicto, Erica Celine Fernandez, Vishy Te, Kate Saramosing, Riza Mae Sinangote, “Correlation Analysis of Developer Interaction on Stack Overflow Website towards Perceived Programming Skills among Information Technology Students in Jose Maria College” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.37-40 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51105
Download PDF
Parenting Style and Psychological Well-being of Secondary School Children
Agoha, Benedict C; Adewole, Iteoluwa; Adekeye, Olujide; Elegbeleye Ayotunde – November 2021- Page No.: 41-44
The quality of parent-child interaction is critical to child development. Parental communication of warmth tends to impact the development of emotional control, identity, and components of personality, which contribute to positive mental health. This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the effects of parenting style on the psychological well-being of secondary school children. Three hundred students selected from five Secondary Schools in Amuwo-Odofin Local Area Council of Lagos State participated in the study. They ranged between 13-19 years (X= 15.51± 3.95) in age. 201 (67%) were female, 99(33%) were male. Participants completed the PAQ (Baumrind, 1991) and the Ryff’s Psychological Well-being scales. Path analysis using the IBM AMOS 23 indicated a positive effect of permissive parenting on anxiety/depression and environmental mastery facets of psychological well-being. Authoritative parenting negatively affected social dysfunction and positively affected autonomy, personal growth, and purpose in life. The findings show that children who experienced permissive parenting are more likely to report poor psychological well-being than authoritative parenting. Community programmes aimed at providing training on parenting may improve the mental health status of children in the community.
Page(s): 41-44 Date of Publication: 23 November 2021
Agoha, Benedict C
Department of Psychology, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria
Adewole, Iteoluwa
Department of Psychology, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria
Adekeye, Olujide
Department of Psychology, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria
Elegbeleye Ayotunde
Department of Psychology, Covenant University Ota, Nigeria
[1] Adler, Alfred (1927). Understanding human nature. New York: Garden City Publishing Inc.
[2] Adler, Alfred (1927). Understanding human nature. New York: Garden City Publishing Inc.
[3] Alika, H. I., Akanni, D. O., & Akanni, O. O. (2016). Parenting styles and family characteristics as correlates of psychological distress among Nigerian adolescents. International Journal of Psychology and Counselling, 8(9), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.5897/ijpc2016.0451
[4] Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. The journal of early adolescence, 11(1), 56-95.
[5] Becvar, R. J., Becvar, D. S., & Bender, A. E. (1982). Let us first do no harm. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 8(4), 385-391.
[6] Clarke, P. J., Marshall, V. W., Ryff, C. D., & Wheaton, B. (2001). Measuring psychological well-being in the Canadian study of health and aging. International psychogeriatrics, 13(S1), 79-90.
[7] Darling, N. (1999). Parenting style and its correlates (pp. 1-3). Champaign: ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education, University of Illinois.
[8] Efobi, A., & Nwokolo, C. (2014). Relationship between parenting styles and tendency to bullying behaviour among adolescents. Journal of Education and Human Development, 3(1), 507-521.
[9] Enefazu-Ossai, E. I., Agoha, B. E., Adekeye, O. A., Igbokwe, D. O., & Ologun, S. (2017). Impact of family bond on the academic adjustment of college freshmen.
[10] Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and society 2nd ed. Erikson-New York: Norton.
[11] Goodwin, R. (1991). Parenting styles and the adolescent. Pastoral Care in Education, 9(4), 17–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643949109470764
[12] Greenwood, B. (2013). The Baumrind theory of parenting styles. Global Post International News. Retrieved Desember, 15, 2013.
[13] Helson, R., & Srivastava, S. (2001). Three paths of adult development: Conservers, seekers, and achievers. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 80(6), 995.
[14] Jahan, A., & Suri, S. (2016). Parenting Style in Relation to Mental Health among Female Adolescents. Abnormal and Behavioural Psychology, 02(03). https://doi.org/10.4172/24 72-0496.1000125.
[15] Klein, M. (1987). Selected Melanie Klein, U.S.A: The Free Press.
[16] León-del-Barco, B., Mendo-Lázaro, S., Polo-Del-Río, M. I., & López-Ramos, V. M. (2019). Parental psychological control and emotional and behavioral disorders among Spanish adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(3), 507.
[17] Macleod, A. K., & Moore, R. (2000). Positive thinking revisited: Positive cognitions, well‐being, and mental health. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory & Practice, 7(1), 1-10.
[18] Nasrollahzade, S., Mahmoudfakhe, H., & Rahmani, A. (2015). Comparison of Parenting Styles and Mental Health among Students. International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, 62, 147–156. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.62.147
[19] Rezvan, A., & D’Souza, L. (2017). Influence of Parenting Styles on Mental Health of Adolescents. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(4), 667–673.
[20] Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 57(6), 1069.
[21] Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of personality and social psychology, 69(4), 719.
[22] Sahithya, B. R., Manohari, S. M., & Vijaya, R. (2019). Parenting styles and its impact on children–a cross cultural review with a focus on India. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 22(4), 357-383.
[23] Seligman, M. (2018). PERMA and the building blocks of well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(4), 333-335.
[24] Vaingankar, J. A., Abdin, E., Chong, S. A., Sambasivam, R., Jeyagurunathan, A., Seow, E., … Subramaniam, M. (2016). Psychometric properties of the positive mental health instrument among people with mental disorders: a cross-sectional study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-016-0424-8
[25] Wissing, M. P., & Van Eeden, C. (2002). Empirical clarification of the nature of psychological well-being. South African Journal of Psychology, 32(1), 32-44.
[26] Xia G, Qian M (2001) The relationship of parenting style to self-reported mental health among two subcultures of Chinese. J. Adolesc, 24: 251-260.
Agoha, Benedict C; Adewole, Iteoluwa; Adekeye, Olujide; Elegbeleye Ayotunde , “Parenting Style and Psychological Well-being of Secondary School Children” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.41-44 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/41-44.pdf
Download PDF
The Effects of Infrastructure on Development of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs): (A Case of Small to Medium Enterprises in Mutoko Service Center)
William Mbewe, Charles Mavhunga- November 2021- Page No.: 45-50
The objective of this research was to present an analysis of the effect of infrastructure on development of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs) at Mutoko. In pursuit of this broad aim, the study used SMEs, Residents of ward 20, District Development Officers, Council Chairperson and council staff in Mutoko Service Center, Mashonaland East, Zimbabwe as the key research informants. The work of authoritative writers anchored the study. The study methodology was mainly descriptive and a comprehensive data collection was done using questionnaires to assess the views of the respondents. Interviews were also used to compliment on the shortcomings of questionnaires to ensure that adequate data was collected. The infrastructure components was broken down into four elements; roads infrastructure; water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure; electricity infrastructure and serviced stands. The main study findings were that the availability of infrastructure was an effective way to foster world class growth and development for SMEs at Mutoko. SMEs in Mutoko have great growth potential in the granite industry and agriculture but infrastructure development was blocking the full growth of industries. There was very little adherence to town planning policies as enshrined in the RDC Act Chapter 29:13 resulting in a haphazard arrangement of workspaces for SMEs. This setup was notably an impediment to SMEs development since this directly affected SMEs access to roads, electricity and WASH infrastructure. The main study conclusion was that roads and parking infrastructure critically contributes towards the SMESs development in Mutoko growth point. Formalized work-spaces through serviced stands and developed structures form the pillars of SMEs development. Electricity and other sources of energy promotes mechanization and adoption of modern technology by SMEs, a move that promotes quality and quantity production. WASH infrastructure correlates with formal work spaces for SMEs and instrumental in the viability of day to day business operations for SMEs in Mutoko. The main study recommendations were that: Mutoko Rural District Council (MRDC) may need to construct shelter for leasing by SMEs to motivate growth and development of SMEs and to eliminate floating locations by those operating on non-formalized work-spaces. Schemes such as rent–to-buy may need to be encouraged to bring a lasting solution on issues to do with WASH, electricity and road infrastructure. The study also recommends that there should be full capacitation of local authorities and Parastatals by the central government as a means to steer up SMEs development.
Page(s): 45-50 Date of Publication: 25 November 2021
William Mbewe
Faculty of Commerce and Law, Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) Harare Region, Zimbabwe
Charles Mavhunga
Faculty of Commerce and Law, Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) Harare Region, Zimbabwe
[1] Aaker et al (2007:79) Testing the role of service quality on the development of brand association and brand loyalty. Managing Service Quality: An international journal 18(30,239-254
[2] Blumberg et al 2011:16 Business Research Methods 3rd edition: McGraw-Hill higher Education- London
[3] Boote & Beille 2005 The effect of Corporate Social Responsibility Investment, Assurance and Percieved fairness on Investor’s judgment –digtalcommons.tacona.aw.edu
[4] Bouazza, A.B, Ardjouman, D.and Abada, O. 2015. Establishing the Factors Affecting the Growth of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Algeria. American International Journal of Social Science, 4 (2):101-103.
[5] Chivasa, O. (2014), “The role of standards in consolidating operational opportunities for SMEs,” ZNCC, Harare
[6] Discombe 2014 – Service quality and its effects on customer satisfaction in online banking: A quantitative study about the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction C.Tegelber – diva-portal.org
[7] Egbide, B., Samuel, F.A. and Samuel, F.O. 2013. Empowering Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria: A Key Poverty Alleviation Strategy, International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2 (5):6-12.
[8] Gates B, Culemn, – Insight from the world’s greatest Entrepreneur, New York Time Syndicate July 31,1996
[9] Gopaul & Monley 2015 SME perception of Government Assistance within S.A – virtusinterpress.org
[10] Kothari, C.R.2005. Research methodology: Methods and Techniques, 2nd edition, New Delhi: New age international.
[11] Kenneth Odero (2006), “Small and Medium Enterprises Support System in Zimbabwe”
[12] Kapoor, K. Mugwara, D and Chidavaenzi, I. (1992), “Enterpreneuring Small Enterprises in Zimbabwe” World Bank Discussion, paper 379
[13] Lutwama S. Joseph (2008), “Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Financing in Uganda: Are Capital Markets a Viable Option?”
[14] McPherson, M.A. (1998), Zimbabwe: A Third Nationwide Survey of Micro and Small Enterprises in Zimbabwe. GEMINI Technical Report, Bethesda, MD.
[15] Magwa S and Magwa W (2017) – A guide to conducting Research – Strategic book publishing . USA
[16] Mudavanhu V, Bindu S, Chigusiwa L, Muchaiwa L (2011), Determinants of Small and Medium Enterprises Failure in Zimbabwe, International Journal Of Economics Research, vol 2 No 5, pp.83-89.
[17] Muranda, Z (2004), “Dissertation Writing, Concept and Practice”, University of Zimbabwe, Harare.
[18] Ngorora, G.P.K. and Mago, S. 2013. Challenges of rural entrepreneurship in South Africa: insights from Nkonkobe municipal area in the Eastern Cape Province. International Journal of Information Technology and Business Management, 16 (1):1-11
[19] Rosen bloom, B. (2007), “Multi-Channel Strategy in Business-to-Business Markets Prospects and Problems”, Industrial Marketing Management, Vol.36, pp.4-9. Rural District Council Act Chapter 29:13
[20] Saunders, Lewis, P. and Thorn hill, A., (2004), Research Methods for Business Students, Pitman Publishing, London
[21] Sukulwenkosi Dube-Matutu, (2017), The Chronicle: Gvt unveils SMEs infrastructure Policy
[22] Tawana 2014 How platform Governance Changes when Customers become Developers- Aaccademy of management 2014 journal.aom.org
[23] The Entrepreneurs Square (2016), “10 Smart Ways Of Encouraging Entrepreneurship In Nigeria” from pdf https://www.entrepreneurssquare.com (Retrieved on 15/05/19)
[24] The Government of Zimbabwe, (2000), “Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)-Policy and Action Plan – Ministry of Industry and Commerce.”
[25] Uddin, M, R and Kanti, T, B. 2013.Factors Affect the Success of SME in Bangladesh: Evidence from Khulna City. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 3 (3):166-172.
[26] United Nations Workshop (2018), “Improving the Competitiveness of SMEs in Developing Countries” (UNDP)
[27] Victor Bhoroma (2018), “SMEs transition key in uplifting the Zimbabwean Economy” Bulawayo24 News: (18/05/18)
[28] Vitaliy Kramarenko [et al.] International Monetary Fund on Zimbabwe: “Challenges and policy options after hyperinflation” Washington, D.C.
[29] Williman Nichollas 2011For Research project Designing and planning your work. Sage publication
[30] Zigmund, W.G. (2003), “Business Research Methods” 7th Ed, Thomson, South- Western, Australia
William Mbewe, Charles Mavhunga, “The Effects of Infrastructure on Development of Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs): (A Case of Small to Medium Enterprises in Mutoko Service Center)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.45-50 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/45-50.pdf
Download PDF
A Comparative Legal Analysis of Elements of Contract of Sale under the Laws Regulating Contract of Sale in Nigeria, South Africa and United States
Michael Sunday Afolayan, PhD and Adejumoke Olusola Kumapayi – November 2021- Page No.: 51-56
This seminar paper focused on the comparative legal analysis of elements of contract of sale under the laws regulating contract of sale in Nigeria, South Africa and United States. It examined the various laws regulating elements of contract of sale in the three jurisdictions mentioned above looking at the similarities and differences in their statutory provisions. The research methodology adopted is doctrinal approach. The Primary and Secondary sources of materials were consulted in the writing of the work. Primary sources such as law reports, case laws, statutes etc. and secondary sources such as law textbooks, journals etc. This work finds out that there is similarity in the essential elements of a contract of sale in the three jurisdictions but there are slight differences in their practices. The work also found out that the law regulating contract of sale in Nigeria is obsolete and archaic and therefore needs to be amended to suite the current practices of modern-day commercial transactions. It is important that our laws be reviewed from time to time to incorporate changes that occur day in day out in our societies. This work advocates for timely review of laws governing contract of sale and commercial transactions in Nigeria.
Page(s): 51-56 Date of Publication: 25 November 2021
Michael Sunday Afolayan, PhD
Senior Lecturer, Business & Industrial Law Department, Faculty of Law, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Adejumoke Olusola Kumapayi
LL.M Research Student, Faculty of Law, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
[1] Achike Okay, Commercial Law in Nigeria (1985)
[2] Adesanya M.O. and Oloyede E.O., Business Law in Nigeria (1983)
[3] Akomolede T.I. and Afolayan M.S. “Socio-Legal Analysis of Electronic Commercial Transactions in Nigeria.” Nnamdi Azikwe University Journal of International Law and Jurisprudence, Vol. 11, Issue No.2, pgs 20-33 (2020).
[4] Afolayan M. S. “Legal Analysis of Electronic Payment System and Frauds Associated with E-Commerce Transactions in Nigeria.” Nnamdi Azikwe University Journal of Commercial and Property Law, Vol. 8, Issue No. 3, pgs. 116-125 (2021).
[5] Agbonika J.A.M. and Agbonika J.A.A, Sale of Goods (with Sale of Goods Act) (Ababa Press Ltd, Ibadan 2011)
[6] Hackwill G, Mackeurtan’s Sale of Goods in South Africa (5th ed, Juta 1984)
[7] Handout on Commercial Law 201: Paper 1 The Law of Sale, Carriage & Lease (2012) compiled by Helen Kruuse
[8] Igweike K.I, Nigerian Commercial Law: Sale of Goods (3rd edition Malthouse Press Ltd, Lagos 2015) Law of South Africa vol 24 at 3
[9] Meltzer S. and Smith C. and Bubu C. Sale and Storage of Goods in South Africa: Overview https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/w-011-9988?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstpage=true> accessed on July 4, 2021
[10] Nwocha M.E, Law of Sale of Goods in Nigeria: Interrogating Key Elements of the Sale of Goods Act Relating to the Rights of Parties to a Sale of Goods Contract [2018] (9) Beijing Law Review.
[11] Okany M.C, Nigerian Commercial Law (Africana First Publishers, Onitsha, Nigeria 2009) < https://www.contractscounsel.com/t/us/sales-contract> accessed on 22nd June, 2021. <https://content.next.westlaw.com/8-618-0307?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&_IrTS=20180520120306646&firstPage=true> accessed on 22nd June, 2021. <https://openstax.org/books/business-law-i-essentials/pages/8-1-the-nature-and-origins-of-sales-contracts>. accessed on 22nd June, 2021
Michael Sunday Afolayan, PhD and Adejumoke Olusola Kumapayi , “A Comparative Legal Analysis of Elements of Contract of Sale under the Laws Regulating Contract of Sale in Nigeria, South Africa and United States” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.51-56 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/51-56.pdf
Download PDF
Energy intensity and industrialization in Cameroon
Gael FOKAM, Christelle MAPA, Mathurin ISSABE – November 2021- Page No.: 57-67
This paper assesses the effect of energy intensity on industrialization in Cameroon over the period 1980-2020. The energy sector plays an essential role in economic prosperity and development. Energy consumption is an integral part of the growth process of any economy, whether it is an industrialized or a developing country. We estimate a panel data model using the Econometrics-Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method. Our results show that at all levels of estimation of both long-run and short-run co integration tests, energy intensity does not favor the industrialization process in Cameroon. This leaves an important policy implication for Cameroon’s stakeholders, namely that they can focus on research and development to encourage investment in the development of new energy sources, increase energy intensity and stimulate economic growth.
Page(s): 57-67 Date of Publication: 25 November 2021
Gael FOKAM
Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Christelle MAPA
Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
Mathurin ISSABE
Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
[1] Al-Iriani, M. A. (2006). Energy–GDP relationship revisited: an example from GCC countries using panel causality. Energy Policy, 34(17), 3342–3350.
[2] Apergis, N., & Payne, J. E. (2009). Energy consumption and economic growth: evidence from the Commonwealth of Independent States. Energy Economics, 31(5), 641–647.
[3] Asafu-Adjaye, J. (2000). The relationship between energy consumption, energy prices and economic growth: time series evidence from Asian developing countries. Energy Economics, 22(6), 615–625.
[4] Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Bohl, M. T. (2000). German monetary unification and the stability of the German M3 money demand function. Economics Letters, 66(2), 203–208.
[5] Blanchard, O. (1992). Energy consumption and modes of industrialization: four developing countries. Energy Policy, 20(12), 1174–1185.
[6] Blanchard, O. J., & Summers, L. H. (1992). Hysteresis in unemployment. In Economic Models of Trade Unions (pp. 235–242). Springer.
[7] Brown, R. L., Durbin, J., & Evans, J. M. (1975). Techniques for testing the constancy of regression relationships over time. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 37(2), 149–163.
[8] Cheng, B. S. (1995). An investigation of cointegration and causality between energy consumption and economic growth. The Journal of Energy and Development, 21(1), 73–84.
[9] Coakley, J., Fuertes, A.-M., & Smith, R. (2006). Unobserved heterogeneity in panel time series models. Computational Statistics \& Data Analysis, 50(9), 2361–2380.
[10] Cole, M. A. (2006). Does trade liberalization increase national energy use? Economics Letters, 92(1), 108–112.
[11] Dolado, J. J., Jenkinson, T., & Sosvilla-Rivero, S. (1990). Cointegration and unit roots. Journal of Economic Surveys, 4(3), 249–273.
[12] Eberhardt, M., & Bond, S. (2009). Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: a novel estimator.
[13] Eberhardt, M., & Teal, F. (2010). Productivity Analysis in Global Manufacturing Production.
[14] Eberhardt, M., & Teal, F. (2011). Econometrics for grumblers: a new look at the literature on cross-country growth empirics. Journal of Economic Surveys, 25(1), 109–155.
[15] Engle, R. F., & Granger, C. W. J. (1987). Co-integration and error correction: representation, estimation, and testing. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 251–276.
[16] Gregory, A. W., & Hansen, B. E. (1996). Practitioners corner: tests for cointegration in models with regime and trend shifts. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 58(3), 555–560.
[17] Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12(2–3), 231–254.
[18] Jones, M. C., & Sheather, S. J. (1991). Using non-stochastic terms to advantage in kernel-based estimation of integrated squared density derivatives. Statistics \& Probability Letters, 11(6), 511–514.
[19] Karanfil, F. (2009). How many times again will we examine the energy-income nexus using a limited range of traditional econometric tools? Energy Policy, 37(4), 1191–1194.
[20] Kraft, J., & Kraft, A. (1978). On the relationship between energy and GNP. The Journal of Energy and Development, 401–403.
[21] Lee, C.-C. (2005). Energy consumption and GDP in developing countries: a cointegrated panel analysis. Energy Economics, 27(3), 415–427.
[22] Lee, C.-C., & Chang, C.-P. (2008). Energy consumption and economic growth in Asian economies: a more comprehensive analysis using panel data. Resource and Energy Economics, 30(1), 50–65.
[23] Lee, K., & Mathews, J. A. (2008). Upgrading in the same industry and successive entries in new industries for sustained catchup: cases of Korean and Taiwanese Firms. Catch–up Workshop Held in Mexico City, 22–24.
[24] Liddle, B. (2004). Demographic dynamics and per capita environmental impact: Using panel regressions and household decompositions to examine population and transport. Population and Environment, 26(1), 23–39.
[25] Liew, V. K.-S. (2004). Which lag length selection criteria should we employ? Economics Bulletin, 3(33), 1–9.
[26] Mahadevan, R., & Asafu-Adjaye, J. (2007). Energy consumption, economic growth and prices: A reassessment using panel VECM for developed and developing countries. Energy Policy, 35(4), 2481–2490.
[27] Narayan, P. K. (2005). The saving and investment nexus for China: evidence from cointegration tests. Applied Economics, 37(17), 1979–1990.
[28] Narayan, P. K., & Smyth, R. (2008). Energy consumption and real GDP in G7 countries: new evidence from panel cointegration with structural breaks. Energy Economics, 30(5), 2331–2341.
[29] Ozturk, I., Aslan, A., & Kalyoncu, H. (2010). Energy consumption and economic growth relationship: Evidence from panel data for low and middle income countries. Energy Policy, 38(8), 4422–4428.
[30] Parikh, J., & Shukla, V. (1995). Urbanization, energy use and greenhouse effects in economic development: Results from a cross-national study of developing countries. Global Environmental Change, 5(2), 87–103.
[31] Persan, M. H., & Pesaran, B. (1997). Microfit 4.0: interactive econometric analysis. Oxford University Press Oxford.
[32] Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326.
[33] Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. P. (1999). Pooled mean group estimation of dynamic heterogeneous panels. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 94(446), 621–634.
[34] Pesaran, M. H., & Smith, R. (1995). Estimating long-run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 79–113.
[35] Revue synthétique des résultats pays. (2017).
[36] Sadorsky, P. (2013). Do urbanization and industrialization affect energy intensity in developing countries? Energy Economics, 37, 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.01.009
[37] Samouilidis, J.-E., & Mitropoulos, C. S. (1984). Energy and economic growth in industrializing countries: the case of Greece. Energy Economics, 6(3), 191–201.
[38] siècle avec la révolution industrielle britannique. Des mouvements d’industrialisation se sont ensuite succédé au cours du XIX. (2009). 1–13.
[39] Stern, D. I. (1993). Energy and economic growth in the USA: a multivariate approach. Energy Economics, 15(2), 137–150.
[40] Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2006). Electricity consumption and economic growth: a time series experience for 17 African countries. Energy Policy, 34(10), 1106–1114.
[41] York, R. (2007). Demographic trends and energy consumption in European Union Nations, 1960–2025. Social Science Research, 36(3), 855–872.
[42] Yu, E. S. H., & Choi, J.-Y. (1985). The causal relationship between energy and GNP: an international comparison. The Journal of Energy and Development, 249–272.
Gael FOKAM, Christelle MAPA, Mathurin ISSABE “Energy intensity and industrialization in Cameroon” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.57-67 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/57-67.pdf
Download PDF
Impact Assessment of Roads Infrastructure on Agricultural Productivity in Konshisha Local Government Area of Benue State
Fidelia Ngufan Gbenyi, Omenka, J.I., Gaavson, T.- November 2021- Page No.: 68-76
This research investigated the state of rural agricultural production and how the infrastructure on ground has helped in improving agricultural sector. Konshisha Local Government which is one of the rural Local Governments areas in Benue State was chosen as the study area. The infrastructural facility assessed based on relationship with agriculture was road network. Descriptive design was used while stratified sampling technique was employed as each ward was considered a stratum. Purposive sampling technique was also adopted based on homogeneity of the population. Data was collected using primary sources which were: researcher’s personal interviews, observations and photographs were also used to support and further explain the observations. The theoretical framework used in this study was the integrated rural development strategy (IRDS). From the survey conducted, the available infrastructural facilities assessed (road network) was in very deplorable state, and therefore incapable of boosting agricultural productivity in the area. Good road network is therefore recommended, especially the revival of the only federal road across Konshisha local government area. When this is fully completed, it will boost the market for farm produce within the local government area, and attract other investors in agro related ventures. Therefore IRDS is suggested to government of Benue State in order to bring the rural Konshisha Local Government Area out of this low agricultural production state.
Page(s): 68-76 Date of Publication: 25 November 2021
Fidelia Ngufan Gbenyi
Department of Public Administration, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Omenka, J.I.
Department of Political Science, Benue State University Makurdi, Nigeria
Gaavson, T.
Department of Political Science, Benue State University Makurdi, Nigeria
[1] Ahmed, M. (2010).Engineering imperatives for national development. A Lecture at Colloquium of the 27th President in Jubilee Year of Nigeria.
[2] Aliegba, E.T.(2005). Economic development and the sustainability of democracy in Nigeria’s fourth republic. In: Proceedings of the 1st National Conference of the Department of Political Science, Benue State University, Makurdi on June 29th – 30th, 2005.
[3] Aliegba, E.T. (2011). The impact of land reforms on agricultural development in Nigeria: Lessons from others: Department of Political Science, Benue State University, Makurdi. Nigerian Journal of Political and Administrative Studies, 2(2).
[4] Aminu, A.A. (2000). Achievements of Governor Bukar Abba Ibrahim in rural development: Kano Flash Publishers.
[5] Amalu, U.C. (1998). Agricultural research and extension delivery systems in sub-Saharan Africa: Calabar; University of Calabar Press.
[6] Brinkerhoff, D.W. (1981). Effectiveness of integrated rural development: A Synthesis of research and experience: Agency of International Development Office of Rural Development and Development Administration.
[7] Economist, (2003). Economic structure. The economist, 4th November, 2003. www.economist.com/country-briefings nigeria.htm.
[8] Forest, T. (1995). Politics and economics development in Nigeria: West View Press Colorado,.
[9] Iwuchukwu, J. C. & Igbokwe, E.M. (2012). Lessons from agricultural policies and programmes in Nigeria: Department of Agricultural Extension, University of Nigeria, Nsukka: Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization Vol. 5.
[10] Mathers, N., Fox N. & Hunn A. (2002). Using interwiews in a research project. Institute of General Practice, Northern General Hospital Sheffield. Tent Focus Group.
[11] National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) (2006). Annual abstract of statistics 2006. Federal Republic of Nigeria 2006.
[12] Nchuchuwe, F.F. & Adejuwon. K.D. (2012). The challenges of agriculture and rural development in Africa: The Case of Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 1(3), 45-61.
[13] Obetta, K.C. & Okide, C.C. (2013). Problems affecting the academic performance of rural secondary school students in Enugu State. http://www.doublegist.com
[14] Okoye, I. C. (2003). Research manual: Guide for research in applied science, education technology, medicine, engineering and business studies, Yola; Paraclete Publishers.
[15] Ogunnowo, C.O. & Oderinde, F.O. (2012). Sustainable development of infrastructure for effective transformation of rural communication of rural communities in Nigeria: implications for food security. Ozean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(3), 87-94.
[16] Oni, T. O. (2013). Challenges and prospects of agriculture in Nigeria: The way forward. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 4(16), 37-44.
[17] Scudder, T. (1981). From belief to development; some comments on refugee and other settlement in Somalia: California Institute of Technology.
[18] William, S.K.T. (1994). Issues and priority in agricultural extension in Nigeria in the 21st century keynote address presented at the Maiden Conference of Society for Nigerian Agricultural Extension. ARMTI, Ilorin. February 28-March 4, 1994
Fidelia Ngufan Gbenyi, Omenka, J.I., Gaavson, T., “Impact Assessment of Roads Infrastructure on Agricultural Productivity in Konshisha Local Government Area of Benue State” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.68-76 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51110
Download PDF
Factors Influencing Assessment Conceptions among Basic School Teachers: A Multiple Analysis of Variance
Shani Osman – November 2021- Page No.: 77-86
This study examined teacher variables that influence assessment conceptions of basic school teachers in the Sissala East Municipality of Ghana. Gender, academic levels, class assigned, teaching experience, age and assessment-based training were investigated to determine the effects of these individual variables on the teachers’ conception of assessment. The data for this study were collected and analyzed using a strictly quantitative approach. Teachers Conception of Assessment III was used to collect data from 204 teachers. Using multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA), out of the six variables included in the study, the results revealed that the main effect for gender was significant, Wilks’ Lambda = .95, F (4, 198) = 2.53, p < .05; multivariate η2 = 0.05. A follow-up Bonferroni adjustment analysis, the dependent variables were verified individually, and the only variable to attain a difference in statistical significance was improvement assessment conception, F (1, 201) = 6.56, p = .011, partial eta squared = .03. An analysis of the mean scores revealed that females recorded marginally higher levels of improvement conception (M = 4.84, SD = .55) than males (M = 4.63, SD = .59). It is therefore recommended that stake holders should ensure the development of ways to improve the assessment literacy of especially male teachers.
Page(s): 77-86 Date of Publication: 25 November 2021
Shani Osman>/strong>
Department of Social Sciences, Tumu College of Education, Ghana
[1] Alderson, J. C. (2005). Principles and practice in language testing. Keynote address at RATE-QUEST Conference, Cluj, Romania, 5th August, 2005.
[2] Benson, T. L. (2014). Sixth through eighth grade teachers’ conceptions (beliefs) about assessment practices. Unpublished D. Ed dissertation presented to the Wingate University School of Graduate and Adult Education, Union Country.
[3] Bonner, S. (2016). Teachers’ perceptions about assessment: Competing narratives. In G. T. L. Brown & L. Harris (Eds.), Handbook of social conditions in assessment (pp. 21–40). New York: Routledge.
[4] Brown, G. T. L. (2004). Teachers’ conceptions of assessment: Implications for policy and professional development. Assessment in Education: Policy, Principles and Practice, 11(3), 305-322.
[5] Brown, G. T. L. (2006). Teachers’ conceptions of assessment: Validation of an abridged instrument. Psychological Reports, 99, 166-170.
[6] Brown, G. T. L. (2008). Conceptions of assessment: Understanding what assessment means to teachers and students. Nova Science Publishers.
[7] Brown, G. T. L., & Gao, L. (2015). Chinese teachers’ conceptions of assessment for and of learning: Six competing and complementary purposes. Cogent Education, 2(1), 1-19.
[8] Brown, G. T. L., & Hirschfeld, G. H. F. (2008). Student’ conceptions of assessment: Links to outcomes. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy and Practice, 15(1), 3 – 17.
[9] Brown, G. T. L., Lake, R. & Matters, G. (2011). Queensland teachers’ conceptions of assessment: The impact of policy priorities on teacher attitudes. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27, 210-220. doi: 10.1016/j.tate.2010.08.003
[10] Calveric, S. B. (2010). Elementary teachers’ assessment beliefs and practices. (Doctoral dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA).
[11] Daniels, L. M., Poth, C., Papile, C., & Hutchison, M. (2014). Validating the conceptions of assessment-III scale in Canadian pre-service teachers. Educational Assessment, 19(2), 139-158. doi:10.1080/10627197.2014.903654
[12] DeLuca, C., Chavez, T., & Cao, C. (2013). Establishing a foundation for valid teacher judgement on student learning: The role of pre-service assessment education. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 20(1), 107 – 126.
[13] Elliott, A. C., & Woodward, W. A. (2007). Statistical analysis quick reference guidebook with SPSS examples (1st ed.). London: Sage Publications
[14] Fulmer, G. W., Tan, K. H. K., & Lee, C. H. I. (2017): Relationships among Singaporean secondary teachers’ conceptions of assessment and school and policy contextual factors. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 1 – 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969594X.2017.1336427
[15] Harris, L. (2008). Secondary teachers’ conceptions of the purpose of assessment and feedback. Paper presented to the Australian Association for Research in Education (AARE) Annual Conference, December 2008, Brisbane, Australia.
[16] Izci, K., & Caliskan, G. (2017). Development of prospective teachers’ conceptions of assessment and choices of assessment task. International Journal of Research in Education and Science (IJRES), 3(2), 464 – 474.
[17] Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610.
[18] Levy-Vered, A., & Alhija, F. N. (2015). Modelling beginning teachers’ assessment literacy: The contribution of training, self-efficacy, and conceptions of assessment. Educational Research and Evaluation, 21(5), 378 – 406.
[19] McMillan, J. H. (2018). Classroom assessment: Principles and practice that enhance student learning and motivation (7th ed.). New York: Pearson.
[20] Mehrgan, K., Hayati, A., & Alavi, S. M. (2017). Investigating the impacts of EFL teachers’ age, educational background, instructional experience and gender on their beliefs about formative assessment. International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, 5(18), 143 – 160.
[21] Moiinvaziri, M. (2015). University teachers’ conception of assessment: A structural equation modelling approach. Journal of Language, Linguistics and Literature, 1(3), 75-85.
[22] National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NaCCA) (2019). Resource guide for the orientation of primary school teachers towards the implementation of the revised curriculum for primary schools. Accra: Ministry of Education.
[23] Ndalichako, J. L. (2015). Secondary school teachers’ perceptions of assessment. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 5(5), 326 – 332.
[24] Okyere, M., Kuranchie, A., Larbi, E., & Twene, C. (2018). Essentials of assessment in schools. Sunyani: Aduana Printing Press
[25] Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS survival manual, a step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS (6th ed.). Berkshire, England: McGraw Hill
[26] Remesal, A. (2007). Educational reform and primary and secondary teachers’ conceptions of assessment: The Spanish instance, building upon Black and Wiliam (2005). The Curriculum Journal, 18(1), 27-38.doi: 10.1080/09585170701292133
[27] Remesal, A. (2011). Primary and secondary teachers’ conceptions of assessment: A qualitative study. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27, 472-482.
[28] Sahikarakas, S. (2012). The role of teaching experience on teachers’ perceptions of Language assessment. Procedia – Social and Behavioural Science, 47(2), 1786 – 1792.
[29] Smith, L. F., Hill, M. F., Cowie, B., & Gilmore, A. (2014). Preparing teachers to use the enabling power of assessment. In C. Wyatt-Smith, V. Klenowski, & P. Colbert (Eds.), Designing assessment for quality learning (pp. 303–323). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
[30] Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6 ed). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
[31] Vardar, E. (2010). Sixth, seventh, and eighth grade teachers’ conception of assessment. (Master’s Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey).
[32] Xu, Y., & Brown, G. T. L. (2016). Teacher assessment literacy in practice: A reconceptualization. Teaching and Teacher Education, 58(2), 149 – 162.
[33] Yetkin, R. (2017). Pre-service English teachers’ conception of assessment and their future assessment practices in a Turkish context. Master’s thesis. Hacettepe University.
[34] Yetkin, R. (2018). Exploring prospective teachers’ conceptions of assessment in Turkish context. European Journal of Education Studies, 4(5), 133-146. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1230554
[35] Yidana, M. B. & Anti Partey, P. (2018). Economics teachers’ conceptions of classroom assessment: A study of senior high schools in the Central and Ashanti Regions of Ghana. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 6(10), 153 – 174. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.Vol6.Iss10.1176
Shani Osman , “Factors Influencing Assessment Conceptions among Basic School Teachers: A Multiple Analysis of Variance” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.77-86 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51111
Download PDF
Teacher Professionalism in Zambia: Reality or Pipe-Dream?
Simuyaba Eunifridah- November 2021- Page No.: 87-92
This article highlights the strategies that the newly established Teaching Council has put in place in its quest to professionalise teaching in Zambia. Since Zambia attained her political independence in October, 1964, there has been a great desire to ensure that teachers acquire professional status which would translate into an occupational status symbol. Against this background, the Government of the Republic of Zambia in conjunction with other stakeholders in the education sector has made strides in the direction of professionalising the teaching occupation. In this regard, the enactment of the Teaching Profession Act no.5 of 2013 and the development of a Code of Ethics and Conduct to regulate teachers’ practice and professional conduct in government and private schools are some of the major milestones in trying to regulate the teaching profession. Despite having made tremendous strides in this direction, many structural and operational challenges have since made it difficult to actualise this status. It is for this reason that the paper discusses some structural and operational challenges associated with teacher professionalism in Zambia which make teacher professionalism a pipe-dream. The paper concludes by highlighting some prospects in Teacher professionalism in the post 2015 era.
Page(s): 87-92 Date of Publication: 27 November 2021
Simuyaba Eunifridah
Department of Education Administration and Policy Studies, The University of Zambia
[1] Brehm, B. Breen, P., Brown, B., Long, L., Smith, R., wall, A. and Wallen, N.S (2006). “Instructional Design and Assessment: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Introducing Professionalism’. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. Vol.70 (4), 1-5.
[2] Brown, D. and Ferril, M.J. (2009). “The Taxonomy of Professionalism: Reframing the Academic Pursuit of Professional Development”. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. Vol.83 (4)1-10.
[3] Grady, M.P., Helbling, K.C. and Lubeck, D.R. (2008) Teacher Professionalism since a Nation at Risk. Phi Delta Kappan, Vol 89, 603-604, 607.
[4] Kelly, M.J. (1996). The Origins and Development of Education in Zambia. Lusaka: Image publishers.
[5] Kim, L.C. (2015). “Defining Professionalism in Teacher Education Programmes”. Vol. 2(2)23-25.
[6] Manchishi, P.C. and Masaiti, G (2011) “The University of Zambia Pre- Service Teacher Education Programme: Is it Responsive to Schools and Community’s Aspirations?” European Journal of Education Studies. Vol 3, No. 2.
[7] Manchishi, P.C. (2015). Reforming Zambian Pre-service Teacher Education for Quality Learning. Lusaka: University of Zambia Press.
[8] MoE (1996). The National Policy on Education, Educating our Future. Lusaka: MoE.
[9] Musaazi, J.C.S (1988). The Theory and Practice of Educational Administration. London: Macmillan.
[10] Pratte, R. and Rury, J.L. (1991) “Teachers, Professionalism and the Craft”. Teachers’ College Record, 93 (1) 59-72. http//www.tcrrecord.org ID No.255. Date Accessed 5.6.2015.
[11] Simuyaba, E. Falconer-Stout, Z. J. and Mayapi, T. (2015) “Government Teachers in Community Schools: Two Zambian Success Stories”. Time to Learn Case Study Series. Lusaka: USAID.
[12] Simuyaba, E. and Chibwe Portipher (2016) Teacher Professionalism in Zambia: Practices, Challenges and Prospects in the Post 2015 Era. Proceedings of the 67th IIER International conference, Sweden, Stockholm, 02 April, 2016. ISBN 978-93-85973-89-5. Available on http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/6960.
[13] Simuyaba, E.; Stout Falconer Z.J and Kalimaposo, K. (2014) “The Role of Active Parent Community School Committees in Achieving Strong Relative School Performance in Zambian Community Schools”. Southern Africa Review of Education. Vol. 20, 2. 59-79.
[14] Simuyaba, E.; Banda, D, Mweemba, L. and Muleya, G (2015). “Theory against Practice: Training of Teachers in a Vacuum”. Journal of Education and Social Policy. Vol. 2, No. 5. 2015. Also available on http://www.encompassworld.com/resources/role-active-parent-community-school-committee. Accessed on 2nd March, 2016.
[15] Masaiti G. and Simuyaba E. (2018). ‘University Education in Zambia in the Face of Austerity: History, Trends and Financing’ in Education in Zambia at Fifty years of Independence and beyond. Lusaka: Unza press. Also available on https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
[16] Simuyaba, E and Manchishi, P.C. (2016). “Teacher Education in Zambia: History, Current Status and Future Prospects”.in Vol 3 of The International Handbook on Teacher Education Worldwide’ available on https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/662001?journalCode=cer
[17] The Teaching Council of Zambia. (2016). Code of Ethics for the Teaching Profession in Zambia. Lusaka: TCZ (UP. 2016 Version).
[18] GRZ. (2013). The Teaching Profession Act No. 5 of 2013. Lusaka: Government Printers.
[19] ZNUT (2007). The Zambia National Union of Teachers Report (2007). Lusaka. ZNUT.
Simuyaba Eunifridah, “Teacher Professionalism in Zambia: Reality or Pipe-Dream?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.87-92 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51106
Download PDF
Attitudes of English Language Lecturers and Students on ICT Mediated Teaching in Gombe State University, Nigeria
Joseph N. Gusen (Ph. D), Usman, Jamila Abubakar (Mrs) – November 2021- Page No.: 93-103
The paper is on Attitudes of English Language Lecturers and Students on ICT Mediated Teaching in Gombe State University. Cross-sectional survey design was adopted as research design for the study. ICT has revolutionized every aspect of human life endeavour, more especially the aspect of education. The study was designed to observe the attitude of English language lecturers and students towards the use of ICT mediated teaching and learning. The research work was guided by four research questions. The samples of the study consist of English language lecturers and available students studying English language from Gombe State University as population. The instrument for the study was a self-designed structured questionnaire administered to five (5) English language lecturers and twenty (20) students of English. The instrument was validated by ICT lecturer from University of Jos. The reliability of the instrument was conducted using Cronbach Alpha Correlation coefficient which stood at 0.85%. Even though this study has limitation related to sample size, the results contributes to the existing theory and practice related to ICT mediated teaching/learning. This study could be an incentive for improving readiness of English language lecturers/teachers regarding ICT use in learning activities.
Page(s): 93-103 Date of Publication: 27 November 2021
Joseph N. Gusen (Ph. D)
Associate Professor, ICT Lecturer, Department of Science and Technology Education, University of Jos, Nigeria
Usman, Jamila Abubakar (Mrs)
English Language Lecturer, Gombe State University & M.Phil/PhD student English Language, Department of Arts Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jos, Nigeria
[1]. Gusen, J.N. (2019). SWOT Analysis of ICT in English Language Education In: Gusen, J.N. (Ed) SWOT Analysis of ICT Across the Curriculum. Jos. Byang Publisher and Co.
[2]. Alkamel M. A.A. & Chouthaiwale, S.S. (2018). The use of ICT tools in English Language Teaching and Learning: A Literature Review. Veda’s journal of English language and literature (JOELL), 5(2), 29-33. alkamel2030@gmail.com
[3]. Federal Ministry of Education (FME, 2019a).National Policy on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Education, Abuja: Nigeria.
[4]. Mahdum M., Hadriana H. & Safrianti, M. (2019) Exploring Teacher Perception Motivations to ICT Use in Learning Activities in Indonesia Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, An official publication of the informing science institute JITE Research 18.293.
[5]. Sharma, A., Gandhar, K., & Sharma, S. (2011). (PDF) Role of ICT in the Process of Teaching and Learning. Journal of Education and Practice 2, (5). Retrieved on 20th August, 2020 from: www.researchgate.net › publication
[6]. Lata, S.(2009). ICTs and Technophobia among teachers in Higher Education. In Saxena,I., Saxena M.K.,&Gihar S,(Eds). ICT in Professional Education. Delhi: A.P.H. Publication Corperation
[7]. Rank, T., Warren, C. & Milum, T.(2011). Teaching English using ICT: A Practical guide for secondary school teachers. London: Continuum
[8]. United Nation, Educational and Scientific Cooperation (UNESCO, 2012). ICT in Primary Education – UNESCO IITE. Retrieved on 16th April, 2020 from: iite.unesco.org › publications › files
[9]. Usman, J.A. (2017). A Comparison of Direct and Indirect Method of Teaching the Sounds of English among Nyimatli Secondary School: A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Arts Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jos, in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Award of Masters Degree in English Education
[10]. Dogo P. (2016) Effects of English language on students’ performance in teaching and Learning of Mathematical modeling at junior secondary school level in Bauchi state Nigeria a thesis Submitted in Fulfillment of The requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Educational Communication and Technology School of Education, Kenyatta University, Kenya
[11]. Nikhat Y. S., Mohd, I. (2016) Teacher’s attitude towards the use of Information and Computer Technology (ICT) in Classroom Teaching The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 3,(6) 2323-2329 Retrieved on 16th May, 2021 from: http:// valleyinternational.net/index.php/our-jou/theijsshi
[12]. Gusen, J.N.&, Dang L.P. (2020). Assessment of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Teaching English Language in Primary Schools in Mangu Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR), 4, (5), 97-106
[13]. British Education Communications Technology Agency (BECTA, 2003). Information and communication technology, knowledge and pedagogy. Education, Communication and Information, 1, (1), pp. 37-57
[14]. Yildirim, Z. & Goktas, Y. (2007). ICT Integration in Primary Education and Teacher Education Programs in Turkey and In EU Countries. Middle East Technical University
[15]. Federal Ministry of Education (FME, 2019b). National Implementation Guidelines for ICT in Education, Abuja: Nigeria
[16]. Alexander, B. (2012). Application Of ICT in Teaching and Learning English. Retrieved on 20th August, 2020 from: www.academia.edu › Application_of_ICT_in_Tea..
[17]. Rhalmi, M. (2017). ICT tools and English Language Teaching | My English Pages. Retrieved on 20th August, 2020 from: www.myenglishpages.com › blog
[18]. United Nation Development Program (UNDP, 2006). Information and communication Technologies and Development. Retrieved on 16th June, 2021 from: http://usdng. undp.prg/it4dev.
[19]. Adhyaru, J. Tafe, C. (2019). SWOT analysis of digital literacy in real class for … – VicTESOL. Retrieved on 20th April, 2020 from: victesol.vic.edu.au › uploads › S..
[20]. Ahmadi, M.R.(2018).The Use of Technology in English Language Learning: A… Retrieved on 20th April, 2020 from: ijreeonline.com › article-1-120-en
[21]. Wheeler, S (2001). Information and Communication Technologies and the Changing role of teacher. Journal of Edu. 26, pp. 7-17
[22]. Maduabuchi, C.H.(2016). ICT and the Teaching of Reading Comprehension in English .Retrieved on 14th June, 2021 from: https://www.journals.aiac.org.au › IJELS › article › view
[23]. Marzban A.(2011). Improvement of reading comprehension through computer. Retrieved on 12th June, 2021 from: https://www.sciencedirect.com › science › article › pii › pdf
Joseph N. Gusen (Ph. D), Usman, Jamila Abubakar (Mrs) “Attitudes of English Language Lecturers and Students on ICT Mediated Teaching in Gombe State University, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.93-103 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/93-103.pdf
Download PDF
Teaching Practice and Motivation of Students in Schools
Mohamed Eddahby, Bouchra Gourja, Rachid Cherouaki, Aouatif Dezairi, Benyouness Bettioui and Mohamed Sardi- November 2021- Page No.: 104-109
The aim of this article is to study the obstacles to motivation, its role in the learning process, the difficulties encountered with this concept, both by teachers and by students, and finally to propose solutions to these difficulties to optimize the development of motivation in students. Academic success is linked to a prior and necessary motivation allowing perseverance and the maintenance of positive attitudes to allow the student to achieve self-actualization, as well as the achievement of previously set goals. This process is highly desirable for the good process of teaching and learning in the school environment. Several studies have been carried out to improve the level of education and defuse the issue of demotivation in students. This is what motivated this contribution, which aims to demonstrate, the main factors that can cause the lack of motivation for students and highlight the challenges to the good process of the course and the acquisition of new knowledge.
Page(s): 104-109 Date of Publication: 27 November 2021
Mohamed Eddahby
Regional Center for the professions of education and training, Casablanca- Setta – Settat, Morocco.
Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics (URAC10), Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II-Mohammedia Casablanca, Morocco
Bouchra Gourja
Regional Center for the professions of education and training, Casablanca- Setta – Settat, Morocco.
Physical chemistry laboratory of materiels, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II-Mohammedia Casablanca, Morocco.
Rachid Cherouaki
Regional Center for the professions of education and training, Casablanca- Setta – Settat, Morocco.
Physical chemistry laboratory of materiels, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II-Mohammedia Casablanca, Morocco.
Aouatif Dezairi
Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics (URAC10), Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II-Mohammedia Casablanca, Morocco
Benyouness Bettioui
Regional Center for the professions of education and training, Casablanca- Setta – Settat, Morocco.
Mohamed Sardi
Regional Center for the professions of education and training, Casablanca- Setta – Settat, Morocco.
[1] Linnenbrink , E. A. , Pintrich, P. R. , (2002).“ Motivation as an Enabler for Academic Success,” School Psychology Review, vol.31,n°3, p.313327. DOI: 10.1080/02796015.2002.12086158
[2] Ryan, M., Deci, E. L. , (2000).“Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions“, Contemporary Educational Psychology, vol. 25, p.54–67, Richard University of Rochester. available online at http://www.idealibrary.com DOI:10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
[3] Brophy ,J., (1983). “ Conceptualizing student motivation”, Educational Psychologist, vol.18, n°3, p.200-215. DOI: 10.1080/00461528309529274
[4] Lam, S., Cheng, R. W. , Choy, H. C. , (2010).“ School support and teacher motivation to implement project-based learning”, Learning and Instruction”, vol. 20, Issue 6, p.487-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.07.003
[5] Slemp, G. R. , Field, J. G. , Cho, A.S.H. , (2020).“A meta-analysis of autonomous and controlled forms of teacher motivation”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 121,103459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103459
[6] Osman, D. J. , Warner, J. R. , (2020).“measuring teacher motivation: The missing link between professional development and practice”, Teaching and Teacher Education, Vol. 92,103064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2020.103064
[7] Husman , J., Lens , W., (1999).“ The role of the future in student motivation”, Educational Psychologist, vol.34, n°2, p.113-125. DOI: 10.1207/s15326985ep3402_4
[8] Price, F., Kadi‐Hanifi , K., (2011).“E‐motivation! The role of popular technology in student motivation and retention”, Research in Post-Compulsory Education, vol.16, n°2, p. 173187. DOI: 10.1080/13596748.2011.575278
[9] Han, J., Yin, H., (2016).“Teacher motivation: Definition, research development and implications for teachers”, Cogent Education, vol.3,n°1. DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2016.1217819
[10] Abazaoglu, Ilkay; Aztekin, Serdar, (2016).“ The Role of Teacher Morale and Motivation on Students’ Science and Math Achievement: Findings from Singapore, Japan, Finland and Turkey”, Universal Journal of Educational Research, vol.4, n°11, p.2606-2617.
[11] Börü, N., (2018).“The Factors Affecting Teacher-Motivation”, International Journal of Instruction, vol.11, n°4, p761-776.
[12] Andúgar, A., Cortina-Pérez , B., , (2018).“EFL Teachers’ Reflections on Their Teaching Practice in Spanish Preschools: A Focus on Motivation, “M. Schwartz (ed.), Preschool Bilingual Education”, Multilingual Education 25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77228-8_8
[13] Anderman, L. H. , Midgley, C. , (1998).“Motivation and Middle School Students”, Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education.
[14] Thoonen, E.E.J., Sleegers, P. J. C. , Oort, F. J. , Peetsma1, T. T. D. , and Geijsel , F. P. , (2011).“How to Improve Teaching Practices: The Role of Teacher Motivation, Organizational Factors, and Leadership Practices”, Educational Administration Quarterly ,vol.47,n°3, p.496–536.
Mohamed Eddahby, Bouchra Gourja, Rachid Cherouaki, Aouatif Dezairi, Benyouness Bettioui and Mohamed Sardi, “Teaching Practice and Motivation of Students in Schools” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.104-109 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/104-109.pdf
Download PDF
Irrigated Farming a Panacea to Food Security-Constrains and Way Forward: The Case of Tunyo Division in Marakwet District- Kenya
Richard Maiyo Yego, Shadrack Kipkoech Sitienei – November 2021- Page No.: 110-116
Due to effects of climate change and resultant unpredictable rain patterns compounded with rising human population necessitates the adoption of modern agricultural techniques to ensure food sufficiency not only in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL) but the entire globe wherever they are. Eleven out of fourty seven counties in Kenya fall under the category of ASAL. This study delves into the subject of irrigated farming to find out the ‘how’ and what can be done to ensure there is adequate food supply for the growing population. The study adopted both the qualitative and quantitative techniques to arrive at the conclusion. The study was guided by the following main objective; to find out how irrigated farming can enhance food security, the challenges faced in irrigated farming and the way forward to these challenges by the residents of Tunyo division in Marakwet district-Kenya. The study found out that irrigated farming faces a myriad of challenges; inadequate water for irrigated farming, small parcels of land for farmers, lack of legal documents on ownership of land. The ways forward for the challenges are; environmental conservation, government should expedite legal documentation of land, motivation to farmers on irrigated farming, financial support, and formation of co-operative societies. The study finally concludes that government should put more efforts on irrigated agriculture to ensure food security.
Page(s): 110-116 Date of Publication: 27 November 2021
Richard Maiyo Yego
Holds MA in Public Administration and Policy, Currently PhD Candidate (Political Science and Public Administration), Moi University, Kenya
Shadrack Kipkoech Sitienei
Lecture Department of Philosophy, History and Religion at Egerton University, Kenya
[1] Alila, O. Patrick and Rosemary Atieno (2006). ‘‘Agricultural Policy in Kenya: Issues and Processes.’’ Paper presented at Future Agricultures Consortium Workshop, Institute of Development Studies. Nairobi, 20 – 22 March. Print.
[2] Barau, A.D., T.K. Atala and C.I. Agbo (1999). Factors affecting efficiency of resource use under large scale farming: A case study of dadin kowa irrigation project, Bauchi State. Nig. J. Rur. Econ. Soc., 1: 1-6.
[3] Eicher C. & Staatz J. (1985). Food Security Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Invited Paper Prepared For The XIXth Conference Of The International Association Of Agricultural Economists, August 25 – September 5 1985. Malanga, Spain.
[4] FAO, 1997. Agriculture food and nutrition for Africa. A resource book for teachers in agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO). Food and nutrition division. Rome, 1997.
[5] Hussain, I.; Regassa, N.; Deeptha W.; and Samad, M.(2002). Water, Health and Poverty Linkages: Conceptual Framework and Empirical Evidences. Paper prepared for the National Workshop on Water, Health and Poverty Linkages in Sri Lanka. GWP Colombo Advisory Center and IWMI
[6] Peacock T. (1995). Financial & Economic Aspects of Smallholder Irrigation in Zimbabwe & Prospects for Future Development in Water Development for Diversification within Smallholder Farming Sector. Paper presented at Monomotapa Hotel, Harare, May 30 1995. Zimbabwe Farmers Union.
[7] Republic of Kenya (1987). ‘‘Inventory and Study of Traditional Irrigation Furrows In Elgeyo Marakwet District: A Proposal for Furrow Rehabilitation and Improvement, Volume 1 Report.’’ Nairobi: Sir Alexander Gibb & Partners; Consulting Engineers, Print.
[8] Republic of Kenya (2006). ‘‘Annual Progress Report: Investment Programme for Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation 2003 – 2007.’’ Nairobi. Government Printer, Print.
[9] Rukuni M & Benstern R. H. (1987). Major Issues in Designing a Research Programme on Household Food Insecurity in Southern Africa. Food Security Policy Option. UZ/MSU.
[10] Rukuni M, Eicher C.K & Blackie (Eds). (2006). Zimbabwe’s Agricultural Revolution, Revisited, University of Zimbabwe Publications, Harare.
[11] Ruttan, V. W. (2006). Productivity, Growth in World Agriculture: Sources and Constraints. Economic Perspectives. Journal of the American Economic Association 16 (4), 161-184.
[12] Tyner, Wallace, He, Lixia and Gamal (Siam 2004). ‘‘Improving Irrigation Water Allocation Efficiency Using Alternative Policy Options in Egypt.’’ Selected paper prepared for presentation at the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado. In International Water Management Institute (Working Paper 4), 1 – 4 August, Print.
[13] Wani, Suhas P., Johan Rockström., and Theib Oweis.(2009). Rainfed Agriculture : unlocking the potential p. cm. — (Comprehensive assessment of water management in agriculture series ; 7) MPG Books Group; UK.
[14] International Water Management Institute (IWMI) (2001). IWMI Annual report 2000-2001. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 72p. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2011.0020.
[15] Gardner, B. T., Woodrow, S.M., (2011). A history of Draper Irrigation: Celebrating 100 Years of water services. Draper Irrigation Company, DBA Water Pro, Inc.
Richard Maiyo Yego, Shadrack Kipkoech Sitienei , “Irrigated Farming a Panacea to Food Security-Constrains and Way Forward: The Case of Tunyo Division in Marakwet District- Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.110-116 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/110-116.pdf
Download PDF
Peacebuilding in a Conflict-Torn North–Eastern Nigerian Society: Going Beyond Reconstructive Peacebuild
ng
Philip Onyinye Egbusie & Modupe Oluremi Albert – November 2021- Page No.: 117-123
Members of the Boko Haram sect have a preference for the Arabic name Jama’atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda’awati Wal-Jihad which means “People committed to the propagation of the Prophet’s Teachings and Jihad”. This insurgent group is alleged to have been founded in Maiduguri, the capital city of Borno State, in the North East of Nigeria. It is however argued that the sect is one of the bloodiest militant groups in the world which has continuously targeted both civilian and non-civilian citizens and has constantly inflicted devastating mayhem on the people of the north-eastern Nigeria. With over a decade-long of conflict in that region and its devastating effects in terms of loss of human lives, destruction of properties and infrastructure as well as economic loss, one then begins to doubt the possibility, certainty, practicability, and efficiency of peacebuilding in that conflict-torn society. This paper thus proposes a more tactical and pragmatic approach towards peacebuilding in a conflict-torn society by going beyond reconstructive peacebuilding,
Page(s): 117-123 Date of Publication: 27 November 2021
Philip Onyinye Egbusie
Department of Politics and International Relations, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
Modupe Oluremi Albert
Department of Politics and International Relations, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria
[1] Abimbola Adesoji, The Boko Haram Uprising and Islamic Revivalism in Nigeria, Africa Spectrum, Vol.45, No.2 (August, 2010): 95-108.
[2] Adam Nossiter, Boko Haram Militants Suspected in Attacks at Mosques in Nigeria, The New York Times, 2nd July, 2015. Retrieved 29.10.2021.
[3] Nurudeen Aderibigbe, Theories of Peace Education and Conflict, (Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria, 2010), 54-56.
[4] Joseph Adesina, Predicting the Effect of Counselling on the Psychological Adjustment of Book Haram Victims In Nigeria, International Journal of Arts And Humanities, Vol. 2, Iss. 4 (2013): 205-216.
[5] Al Jazeera English, Nigeria Killings Caught on Video – Africa, 10 February 2010. Retrieved 06.08.2021.
[6] Amnesty International, Nigeria 2020, Retrieved from www.amnesty.org/en/location/africa/west-and-central-africa/nigeria/report-nigeria/ 29.10.2021.
[7] Bayo Adekanye, Review Essay: Arms and Reconstruction in Post-Conflict Societies, Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 34, No. 3 (August, 1997):359 – 366.
[8] BBC News, Nigeria’s “Taliban” Enigma, 28 July 2009. Retrieved 01.08.2021.
[9] BBC, Nigeria Militants Burn To Death Motorists As They Sleep In Their Cars, Retrieved from www.bbc.com/news/world-africa, February 10, 2020. 29.10.2021.
[10] Boutros Ghali, An Agenda For Peace: Preventive Diplomacy, Peacemaking and Peace- Keeping Document A/47/227-S/241111 (New York: Department Of Public Information, United Nations (June 17, 1992).
[11] David Cook, The Rise of Boko Haram in Nigeria, Combating Terrorism Center, Vol. 4, Iss. 9 (September, 2011): 3.
[12] Duncan Gardham & Laura Heaton, (25 Coordinated bomb attacks across Nigeria kill at least 40, The Telegraph Newspaper, (25 December, 2011), Retrieved August 2014.
[13] Emmanuel Aiyede, Theories in Conflict Management, (Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria, 2006), 57-58, 94-95.
[14] Evans-Kent Bronwyn, Reconstruction Over Transformation: The Structural Appropriation of Peacebuilding. (New York: Thames and Hudson, 2001), 2, 95.
[15] Farouk Chothia, Who are Nigeria’s Boko Haram Islamists? BBC News 11January, 2012. Retrieved 01.08.2021.
[16] Freedom Onuoha, Boko Haram and the Evolving Salafi Jihadist Threat in Nigeria, In Pérouse de Montclos, Marc-Antoine. Boko Haram: Islamism, politics, security and the state in Nigeria, (Leiden: African Studies Centre, 2014), 158–191.
[17] Ibrahim Mshelizza, Islamist Sect Boko Haram Claims Nigerian U.N. Bombing, Reuters (29 August, 2011).
[18] Isaac Albert, Introduction to Third Party Intervention in Community Conflicts, (Ibadan: PETRAF & John Archers Publishers Ltd. 2001),61.
[19] Johan Galtung, Peace by Peaceful Means: Peace and Conflict, Development and Civilization, (London: Sage Publications, 1996), 70.
[20] John Paul Lederach, Preparing for Peace Conflict Transformation across Cultures, (Syracuse: University Press, 1995), 20.
[21] Joshua Bolarinwa, Introduction to Peace Studies, (Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria, 2006), 33.
[22] Kunle Sani, 110 People Killed In Boko Haram Attack On Borno Farming Community – UN, Premium Times, 29th November, 2020. Retrieved 29.10.2021.
[23] Mahatma Gandhi, The Mind of Mahatma Gandhi: Encyclopedia of Gandhi’s Thoughts, 2nd ed., (Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House, 2007), 52.
[24] Martin Ewi, Why Nigeria Needs A Criminal Tribunal and Not Amnesty for Boko Haram, Institute for Security Studies, (Pretoria, 2013).
[25] Michael Diyoke & Christopher Oguche, A Critical Appraisal of Boko-Haram Insurgency and the Criminal Topography of Sambisa Geosphere, International Journal of Academic Research in Business, Arts and Science, Vol. 1, Iss. 1, (August, 2019): 4.
[26] Monsuru Kasali, Concepts and Practice of Peacebuilding, (Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria, 2006), 150.
[27] News Wires, Suspected Boko Haram Extremists Kill Dozens Of Nigeria Farmers, FRANCE 24, November 29, 2020. Retrieved 29.20.2021.
[28] Olalekan Adetayo, Boko Haram Has Infiltrated My Govt. –Jonathan, The Punch Newspaper, (9 January, 2012). Retrieved 10 August 2021.
[29] Oluwatosin Babalola, Combating Violence Extremism and Insurgency in Nigeria, (Fort Leavenworth, KS: Foreign Military Studies Office, 2016), 4-5.
[30] Oyedolapo Durojaye, Understanding Peace and War, (Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria, 2010), 44-45.
[31] Philip Egbusie, Post-Conflict Reconstruction and the Mental Health of Victims of Armed Conflicts in Nigeria: A Study of the Boko Haram Insurgency, (2021, Unpublished): 202.
[32] Sabrina Ford, Laura Italiano & Post Wires, Boko Haram Kidnaps More Children, Kills Villagers In Nigeria, New York Post, May 11, 2014. Retrieved 29.10.2021.
[33] Segun Mausi, Dispatches: What Really Happened in Baga, Nigeria? Human Rights Watch, 14 January 2015.
[34] Stephen Browne, Developing Capacity through Technical Cooperation: Country Experiences, (London: Earthscan, 2002), 2-4.
[35] The Guardian, Nigeria Accused of Ignoring Sect Warnings Before Wave of Killings (London: 2009) 2 August 2009. Retrieved 06.08.2021.
[36] The Independent, Nigeria Committing War Crimes To Defeat Boko Haram, 19 August 2014. Retrieved 06.08.2021.
[37] Tolu Ogunlesi, Nigeria’s Internal Struggles, The New York Times, 23 March 2015. Retrieved 01.08.2021.
Philip Onyinye Egbusie & Modupe Oluremi Albert “Peacebuilding in a Conflict-Torn North–Eastern Nigerian Society: Going Beyond Reconstructive Peacebuilding” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.117-123 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51107
Download PDF
Effect of Covid-19 on Small and Medium Scale Businesses in Nigeria
Dr. Ernest Jebolise Chukwuka, Dr. Fidelis U. Amahi- November 2021- Page No.: 124-135
The study examined the effect of COVID 19 on small and medium businesses in Nigeria. The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on small and medium businesses. To ascertain the impact of government COVID-19 safety protocols on the performance of small businesses and to find out ways of minimizing the impact of COVID – 19 on small and medium businesses in Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The sample of the study was achieved using random sampling technique. The sample for this study was 400 respondents. These respondents were selected from proprietor/ proprietress of small and medium scale enterprises in Asaba. The instrument used to collect data was the questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentage, mean, standard and chi square. The overall findings of the study are that Covid-19 safety protocols have significant and positive effect on SMEs performance. The study discovered that Covid-19 impact on small and medium businesses can be reduced through increase engagement on digital online businesses; the study also reveals that shortage of supplies, production stoppage and suspension, reduces product lines/ingredient and short−term change in production are impact of COVID – 19 on small and medium businesses in Asaba Metropolis and the study also discovered that government guidelines related to Covid19 has impact on performance of small businesses which are inflation, smooth transaction, prevention of transmission of the virus in the cause of transaction and reduction of crowd in business environment.
Page(s): 124-135 Date of Publication: 28 November 2021
Dr. Ernest Jebolise Chukwuka
Department of Business Administration, Michael and Cecilia Ibru University Delta State, Nigeria
Dr. Fidelis U. Amahi
Department of Accountancy, University of Delta, Agbor, Nigeria
[1] Adebisi, S.A., Alaneme, G.C., & Ofuani, A.B. (2015). Challenges of finance and the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos state. Developing Country Studies, 5(8), 46-58.
[2] Adedipe, B. (2004). The impact of oil on Nigeria’s economic policy formulation. In Proceedings of Overseas Development Institute Conference in Collaboration with the Nigerian Economic Summit Group.
[3] Akinlo, A.E. (2012). How important is oil in Nigeria’s economic growth?. Journal of Sustainable Development, 5(4), 68-84.
[4] Anthony, O., John, A. and Helen, O. (2020) CBN Releases Measures to Battle Economic Impact of Coronavirus, Report Available at https://t.guardian.ng/news/cbn-releases-measures-to-battle-economic-impact-of-coronavirus/.
[5] Balunywa, W. (2010). What are Small Scale Enterprises? Entrepreneurship and Small Business Enterprise. Makerere University Business School. Accessed at http://evancarmicheal.com/AficaAccount/1639/40.
[6] Balunywa, W. (2010). What are Small Scale Enterprises? Entrepreneurship and Small Business Enterprise. Makerere University Business School. Accessed at http://evancarmicheal.com/AficaAccount/1639/40
[7] Corona Virus Cases from Countries Around the World were Obtained from Worldometer Website Available at https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/coronavirus-cases/.
[8] Data on China population on COVID-19 Cases is obtained at National Bureau of Statistics of China. Available at http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/.
[9] Ekpeyong, D.B. and. Nyong, M.O (2002). Small and Medium Scale Enterprises Development in Nigeria. Seminar paper on Economic Policy Research for Policy Design and Management in Nigeria
[10] Femi, A., Adeyemi, A., Sulaimon, S., Benjamin, A. and Bankole, O. (2020) How Coronavirus Outbreak Threatens Nigeria’s Economy, the Guardian News. Available at https://guardian.ng/news/how-coronavirus-outbreak-threatens-nigerias-economy.
[11] Josephine, O. (2020). SMEs closures seen after covid-19 pandemic. Retrieved May 28, 2020, from https://businessday.ng/enterpreneur/article/smes-closures-seen-after-covid-19-pandemic/
[12] Kozak S. (2007),
[13] KPMG in Nigeria (2020) Top 10 Business Risks in 2020/2021.
[14] Maijama’a, R., Musa, K. S., Garba, A. and Baba, U. M. (2020), Coronavirus Outbreak and the Global Energy Demand: A case of People’s Republic of China, American Journal of Environmental and Resource economics, 5 (1):
[15] Max, R., Hannah, R and Esteban, O. (2020) “Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) “Published online at Our World In Data. Retrieved from:’ https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus’.
[16] NCDC (2020). Nigeria Centre for Disease Control Situation Report for 19th March, 2020 on “COVID-19 Outbreak in Nigeria” Pages 1-3. Available at www.ncdc.gov.ng.
[17] Odinaka, A. & Josephine, O. (2020). SMEs closures seen after covid-19 pandemic. Retrieved May 28, 2020, from https://businessday.ng/enterpreneur/article/smes-closures-seen-after-covid-19-pandemic/
[18] OECD (2005). OECD SME and entrepreneurship outlook 2019. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/34907e9c-en
[19] Ojo, M. O. (2017): Transition to full-fledge Inflation Targeting: A proposed Programme for Implementation by the Central Bank of Nigeria, Occasional Paper No.44.
[20] Rabiu, M. Kabiru, S. M., Ahmad, A. I. and Samaila, A. (2020). Analysis of the Impact of Coronavirus Outbreak on the Nigerian Economy. American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics (5), 2 39-43
[21] Richard, E. & Beatrice, W. M.(2020). Economics in the Time of COVID-19. Centre for Economic Policy Research. CEPR Press
[22] Ryder, G. (2020). The economic impact of COVID-19 on the labour market. Retrieved May 08, 2020 from https://www.stearsng.com/article/the-economic-impact-of-covid-19-on-the-labour-market
[23] WHO Director General’s Opening Remarks at the Media Briefing on COVID-19 11th March, 2020.
[24] World Bank (2020). Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) finance. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/smefinance
[25] World Health Organization (2020) Press Conference on Novel Coronavirus Outbreak.
Dr. Ernest Jebolise Chukwuka, Dr. Fidelis U. Amahi, “Effect of Covid-19 on Small and Medium Scale Businesses in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.124-135 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/124-135.pdf
Download PDF
Effect of Emerging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Bauchi Radio Corporation (BRC), Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abubakar Bappayo, Ahmad Abubakar, Abdul Ahmad Burra – November 2021- Page No.: 136-141
Information and Communication Technology (ICT), has revolutionized the media industry. It has transformed information gathering and dissemination in Radio Production. This study examines the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by professional of Bauchi Radio Corporation (BRC). The objective of the study was to identify the various areas of application of Information & Communication technology (ICT) resources in Bauchi Radio Corporation. Survey design was adopted for the study using personal interview (focus group) and the data collected was qualitative. The survey revealed that ICTs have been widely applied in Radio production by professional at Bauchi Radio Corporation (BRC).133 sample size was used in the study. The recommendation of this study include making fund available to upgrade ICT facilities and digitalized equipment’s should be made available to Bauchi Radio Corporation (BRC).
Page(s): 136-141 Date of Publication: 28 November 2021
Abubakar Bappayo
Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Ahmad Abubakar
Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abdul Ahmad Burra
Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
[1] Adamu B.S. & Abubakar, A. (2019). Application of information and communication technology in News Production. Bauchi State Polytechnic Press.
[2] Adeniyi, O. (2009). Importance of electronic media and societal development. www.broadcastmedia.com retrieved on 20 octorber,2021.
[3] Adigwe, I. (2010). The impact of information and communication technology on news processing: a study of NTA and AIT. Unpublished project Lagos State University, School of Communication.
[4] Adigwe, I. (2012). Impact of information and communication technology (ICTs) on News Processing, reporting and dissemination on broadcast station in Lagos, Nigeria. Library Philosophy and practice (e-journal). Paper 861. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/861
[5] Aniogbolu, C. Nina, M. & Ememeriagbon, E. (2009). The status of information and communication technology in Nigeria: Implication for national development.
[6] Bozzkowski, P.J. (2004). Digitalizing the news: Innovation in online newspapers. Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
[7] Chari T. (2013). The use of Computer in processing and reporting News: Stands for subsequent broadcast.
[8] Dooley, H. (1999). What will be: How the new world of information will change our lives, San Francisco: Harper Edge.
[9] ESCAP, (2000). Techniques of Information and Communication Technology. Federal Ministry of Communication Technology-FMCT, (2012).
[10] Garba, A.B. (2014). Mass media and community development in Nigeria: an appraisal of community development campaign on selected BRC FM Radio Stations in Bauchi state. Journal of humanities and social sciences (JOHSS), 4(2):90-104.
[11] Kaduna, Duban printers Google Public D. (2012). Internet Megabits speed.
[12] Garrison, B. (2001). Diffusion of online information technologies in newspaper newsrooms. Penny Ivia: University of Park.
[13] Gipson, N.D. (2011). „Effect of Information and Communication Technologies on news gathering and processing” an unpublished final year lecture note. Mass Communication department, university of Maiduguri, Borno state Nigeria.
[14] Ishaku, K. (2018). DG, NBC: Annual report on radio broadcasting in Nigeria.
[15] Internet world start, (2014). Internet users in developing Countries.
[16] Jimo, Pate, Lin & Schulman, (2012). Internet Penetration and use of ICT in Developing Countries. Abeokuta. W.T.O. Press
[17] Maid, I. (1996) Application of ICT in radio broadcasting: H.T.O. Publications.
[18] Marcelle, G. (2000) Gender justice and ICTs. http/www.un.org/womenwatch. Accessed on 20 Octorber 2021.
[19] National Information Technology Development Agency, (2001). ICT Policy in Nigeria.
[20] Nigeria’s National Broadband Plan, (2018). Nigeria Internet Penetration.
[21] Nwadamma, H. (1997). Invention of writing. www.shorthandtypewriting retrieved on 20 octorber,2021.
[22] Nwodu, O. (2006). Advancement of ICT in sharing of news and information across the globe.
[23] Ogunsola & Aboyade, (2005). Information and Communication Technology and related Computer assisted reporting. www.infcom.com retrieved on 20 octorber,2021.
[24] Rodriguez & Wilson, (2000). Concept of Information and Communication Technology.
[25] Rogers, E.M. (2003). Communication and development: Passing of the dominant paradigm in communication and development, critical perspectives. California: Newbury Park.
[26] Rogers, Samadar, R. (1995). New Technology at the ship flow level. (New Technology and Workers Response to Micro-Electronics – Labour and Society). New Delhi, India: Sage.
[27] UNP & MDGS, M. (2010). Malaysia report: Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission, MCMCs, 234next.com
Abubakar Bappayo, Ahmad Abubakar, Abdul Ahmad Burra , “Effect of Emerging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Bauchi Radio Corporation (BRC), Bauchi State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.136-141 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/136-141.pdf
Download PDF
Marketing Force Automation and Usage in Electronics Industry: An Analysis on Walton BD
Sajia Islam & Mohammad Nazmul Huq – November 2021- Page No.: 142-155
Understanding how technology investments create business value is a research priority in today’s technology-intensive world. Building on this distinction, this quantitative analysis reveals that marketing technology impacts market person performance directly when used as a customer relationship tool. In contrast, it has a perfectly mediated impact when used for internal coordination purposes. To unleash its real potential, marketing technology should be designed to enable customer relationships rather than being perceived as a cost cutting tool. In addition, the motivational structure for using sales technology differs between two MFA-use dimensions. While the customer relationship dimension is driven by factors that trigger voluntary usage, the internal coordination dimension is predominantly explained by factors imposed from outside. Management should not impose technology usage. Rather, they should support self-initiating factors that stimulate technology usage for improving customer relationships. Combining upstream research focusing on the drivers of MFA-usage with downstream research shedding light on its performance impact, the study offers important implications for maximizing the pay-back from MFA-technology investments.
Page(s): 142-155 Date of Publication: 28 November 2021
Sajia Islam
Master of Business Administration (MBA), Human Resource Management Stamford University Bangladesh
Mohammad Nazmul Huq
Assistant Professor and Coordinator Department of Business Administration Stamford University Bangladesh
[1] D Zumstein, C Oswald, M Gasser, R Lutz, A Schoepf – 2021 – Marketing automation report 2021: lead generation and lead qualification through data-driven marketing in B2B- digitalcollection.zhaw.ch
[2] Content Marketing Institute & Marketing Profs (2020). B2B Content Marketing 2020. Retrieved from https://con- tentmarketinginstitute.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/2020_B2B_Research_Final.pdf
[3] Herrmann, T. (2017). Strengthening Internationalization with Inbound Marketing and Marketing Automation. In: Hannig, U. (Ed.): Marketing and Sales Automation. pp. 285-294. Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler.
[4] Hubspot (2020). What is inbound marketing. Retrieved from https://www.hubspot.de/in-bound-marketing.
[5] Hummel, F. (2017). How to deliver on the promises of marketing automation. In: Hannig, U. (Ed.): Marketing and Sales Automation. pp. 149-160. Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler.
[6] M Serdaroglu – 2009 – core.ac.uk, Sales force automation use and salesperson performance, University of Paderborn
[7] Ph. D. Dissertation, Järvinen, J., Taiminen, H. (2015). Harnessing marketing automation for B2B content marketing. In: Industrial Mar- keting Management, Vol. 54, pp. 164-175. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti-cle/pii/ S0019850115300018.
[8] PWC (2018). Marketing Automation in B2C Companies 2018. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.de/de/digitale- transformation/pwc-studie-marketing-automation-b2c-2018.pdf.
[9] Salmi, M. (2020). Aligning Marketing and Sales – The case of Marketing Automation in Finnish B2B companies (Master’s thesis). Tampere: Tampere University.
[10] Sanderson, A. (2017). Marketing Automation Leads to Process Optimization. In: Hannig, U. (Ed.): Marketing and Sales Automation. pp. 73-86. Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler.
[11] Ab Hamid, N. R. 2008. Consumers’ Behavior Towards Internet Technology And Internet Marketing Tools. International Journal of Communications, 2, 195-204.
[12] Adam, S., Vocino, A. & Bednall, D. 2009. The World Wide Web in Modern Marketing’s Contribution to Organizational Performance. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 27, 7-24.
[13] Adegoke, Y. 2004. Web Still Fastest Growing Channel in Marketing Mix. New Media Age, 22, 12. Akçura, M. T. 2010. Affiliated Marketing. Information Systems and E-Business Management, 1-16.
[14] Andrews, L., Kiel, G., Drennan, J., Boyle, M. V. & Weerawardena, J. 2007. Gendered Perceptions of Experiential Value in Using Web-Based Retail Channels. European Journal of Marketing, 41, 640-658.
[15] Arbnor, I. & Bjerke, B. 2008. Methodology for Creating Business Knowledge, Sage. Baker, M. J. & Hart, S. 2007. The Marketing Book, Butterworth-Heinemann.
[16] Chaffey, D. & Smith, P. R. 2008. E-Marketing excellence: planning and optimizing your digital marketing, Butterworth-Heinemann.
[17] Danaher, P. J. & Rossiter, J. R. 2011. Comparing perceptions of marketing communication channels. European Journal of Marketing, 45, 6-42.
[18] Dou, W. & Chou, D. C. 2002. A structural analysis of business-to-business digital markets. Industrial Marketing Management, 31, 165-176.
[19] Gruhl, D., Guha, R., Kumar, R., Novak, J. & Tomkins, A. Year. The predictive power of online chatter. In, 2005. ACM, 78-87.
[20] Regina Noriega 2019, 5 Digital Marketing Trends That Businesses Can’t Afford To Ignore. Retrieved from https://www.oneinfluencer.com/5-digital-marketing-trends-that-businesses-cant-afford-to-ignore/
[21] HO, L. H. 2010. The application of search engine optimization for internet marketing: An example of the motel websites 2010 The 2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering, ICCAE 2010.
[22] Kaplan, A. 2010. Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business horizons, 53, 59-68.
[23] Kaplan, A. M. & Haenlein, M. 2010. Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business horizons, 53, 59-68.
[24] Mangold, W. G. & Faulds, D. J. 2009. Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix. Business horizons, 52, 357-365.
[25] Martin, B. A. S. 2003. Email advertising: Exploratory insights from Finland. Journal of advertising research, 43, 293.
[26] OPPENHEIM, C. 2006. Evaluation of web sites for B2C e-commerce. Aslib Proceedings, 58, 237-260.
[27] Roach, G. 2009. Consumer perceptions of mobile phone marketing: a direct marketing innovation. Direct Marketing: An International Journal, 3, 124-138.
[28] Schumann, D. W. & Thorson, E. 2007. Internet advertising: theory and research, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
[29] Shankar, V. & Batra, R. 2009. The growing influence of online marketing communications.
[30] Thorpe, R., Easterby-Smith, M., Lowe, A. & Jackson, P. R. 2008. Management Research, SAGE.
[31] Wang, C., Zhang, P., Choi, R. & Eredita, M. D. Year. Understanding consumer’s attitude toward advertising. In, 2002. Citeseer, 1143–1148.
Sajia Islam & Mohammad Nazmul Huq “Marketing Force Automation and Usage in Electronics Industry: An Analysis on Walton BD” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.142-155 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/142-155.pdf
Download PDF
Item’s Analysis in Health Education at the High School of Health Science of Tunis
Kaouther MEJRI, Sonia MAHJOUB, Fatma AYDI, Issam SALOUAGE- November 2021- Page No.: 156-161
Assessment is a crucial step in learning evaluation since it reflects the improvement of the quality of education. Thus, educators are always challenged while analyzing the performance of their students. The study aims to evaluate the quality of written exams set for under graduated students (2017-2019) in the biology department of the high school of health science and technologies. We used the item analysis tools: difficulty index, discrimination index and for the reliability the Cronbach alpha assessing available data during the study period (2017-2019). The study involved 2960 copies related to 104 tests including 1367 questions. We found that 5.3% of the questions were difficult, 44.18% were easy 49.52% with moderate difficulties, 19.38% with excellent discrimination, 10.53% with good discrimination. The test reliability was good in only 10.5% of the tests. Our research objectively analyzed the quality of questions, yet it revealed the presence of some deficiencies suggesting the improvement of the quality of assessment.
Page(s): 156-161 Date of Publication: 28 November 2021
Kaouther MEJRI
The high school of health science and technologies of Tunis. El Manar University, Tunisia
Sonia MAHJOUB
Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunisia
Fatma AYDI
The high school of health science and technologies of Tunis. El Manar University, Tunisia
Issam SALOUAGE4
The high school of health science and technologies of Tunis. El Manar University, Tunisia
Fuentealba C. (2011) The role of assessment in the student learning process. J Vet Med Educ: 38(2):157-62. doi: 10.3138/jvme.38.2.157.
[2] Wass V, Van der Vleuten C, Shatzer J, Jones R.(2001) Assessment of clinical competence. Lancet: 357(9260):945-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04221-5.
[3] Palmer E, Devitt P. (2007) Assessment of higher order cognitive skills in undergraduate education: modified essay or multiple choice questions? BMC Med Educ:7:49. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-7-49.
[4] Mujeeb AM, Pardeshi ML, Ghongane BB. (2010) Comparative assessment of multiple choice questions versus short essay questions in pharmacology examinations. Indian J Med Sci: 64(3):118-24. doi: 10.4103/0019-5359.95934.
[5] Baig M, Ali SK, Ali S, Huda N. (2014) Evaluation of Multiple Choice and Short Essay Question items in Basic Medical Sciences. Pak J Med Sci: 30(1):3-6. doi: 10.12669/pjms.301.4458.
[6] Khan MU, Aljarallah BM.(2011) Evaluation of Modified Essay Questions (MEQ) and Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) as a tool for Assessing the Cognitive Skills of Undergraduate Medical Students. Int J Health Sci (Qassim):5(1):39-43.
[7] Holzinger A, Lettner S, Steiner-Hofbauer V, Capan Melser M. (2020) How to assess? Perceptions and preferences of undergraduate medical students concerning traditional assessment methods. BMC Med Educ ;20(1):312. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02239-6.
[8] Tariq, S., Tariq, S., Maqsood, S., Jawed, S., & Baig, M (2017). Evaluation of Cognitive levels and Item writing flaws in Medical Pharmacology Internal Assessment Examinations. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences;33(4), 866–870. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.334.12887
[9] Kaur M, Singla S, Mahajan R. (2016) Item analysis of in use multiple choice questions in pharmacology. Int J Appl Basic Med Res: 6(3):170-3. doi: 10.4103/2229-516X.186965
[10] Abdel-Hameed AA, Al-Faris EA, Alorainy IA, Al-Rukban MO (2005). The criteria and analysis of good multiple choice questions in a health professional setting. Saudi Med J: 26(10):1505-10.
[11] Laveault and Grégoire (2017). Introduction to the Theories of Tests in Psychology and Sciences of Education. (3rd Edition). Brussels: De Boeck.
[12] Puthiaparampil T., Rahman M., Fong Lim I (2017). From Item Analysis to Assessment Analysis: Introducing New Formulae, MedEdPublish. 6, [1], 7, https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2017.000007
[13] George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. 11.0 update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
[14] Ben Salah, N., Salouage, I., Hatira, Z. Z., Goucha, R., Meherzi, A., & Kallel, K (2019). Multidisciplinary exams in medical studies: Interest of docimologic analysis. La Tunisie Medicale; 97 (1), 93–99.
[15] Hingorjo, M. R., & Jaleel, F (2012). Analysis of one-best MCQs: the difficulty index, discrimination index and distractor efficiency. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association;62 (2), 142–147.
[16] Patil, R., Palve, S. B., Vell, K., & Boratne, A. V (2016). Evaluation of multiple-choice questions by item analysis in a medical college at Pondicherry, India. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health; 3,(6). http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20161638
[17] Sakly, N., Massaoudi, S., Mastouri, M., Azaiez, R (2019). Analyse docimologique des épreuves du concours de résidanat en pharmacie en Tunisie. Available at : http://www.fphm.rnu.tn/sites/default/files/Annexe%2074%20Analyse%20docimologique%20concours%20r%C3%A9sidanat.pdf
[18] Hermi, A., & Achour, W (2015). Difficulty, discrimination and cognitive level of Microbiology exam questions of the Faculty of Medicine of Tunisia. La Tunisie Medicale; 93(8–9), 487–490.
[19] Hermi, A., & Achour, W (2016). Item analysis of examinations in the Faculty of Medicine of Tunis. La Tunisie Medicale; 94 (4), 247–252.
[20] Pais, J., Silva, A., Guimarães, B., Povo, A., Coelho, E., Silva-Pereira, F., Lourinho, I., Ferreira, M. A., & Severo, M (2016). Do item-writing flaws reduce examinations psychometric quality? BMC Research Notes: 9(1), 399. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2202-4
[21] Kowash M, Alhobeira H, Hussein I, Al Halabi M, Khan S (2020). Knowledge of dental faculty in gulf cooperation council states of multiple-choice questions’ item writing flaws. Med Educ Online.;25(1):1812224. doi:10.1080/10872981.2020.1812224.
[22] Abdulghani, H. M., Irshad, M., Haque, S., Ahmad, T., Sattar, K., & Khalil, M. S (2017). Effectiveness of longitudinal faculty development programs on MCQs items writing skills: A follow-up study. PloS One; 12(10), e0185895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185895
[23] Shaikh S, Kannan SK, Naqvi ZA, Pasha Z, Ahamad M (2020). The Role of Faculty Development in Improving the Quality of Multiple-Choice Questions in Dental Education. J Dent Educ: 84(3):316-322. doi: 10.21815/JDE.019.189.
[24] Abdulghani HM, Ahmad F, Irshad M, Khalil MS, Al-Shaikh GK (2015). Faculty development programs improve the quality of multiple-choice questions items’ writing: 5: 9556. DOI: 10.1038/srep09556
[25] Naeem N, van der Vleuten C, Alfaris EA (2012). Faculty development on item writing substantially improves item quality. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract: 17:369–376. DOI: 10.1007/s10459-011-9315-2
[26] Gupta P, Meena P, Khan AM, Malhotra RK, Singh T. Effect of Faculty Training on Quality of Multiple-Choice Questions (2020). Int J Appl Basic Med Res: 10(3):210-214. doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_30_20.
[27] Sajjad M, Iltaf S, Khan RA. Nonfunctional distractor analysis: An indicator for quality of Multiple-choice questions (2020). Pak J Med Sci: 36(5):982-986. doi: 10.12669/pjms.36.5.2439.
[28] Tarrant, M., Ware, J., & Mohammed, A. M (2009). An assessment of functioning and non-functioning distractors in multiple-choice questions: a descriptive analysis. BMC Medical Education; 9, 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-9-40
[29] Testa S, Toscano A, Rosato R (2018). Distractor efficiency in an item pool for a statistics classroom exam: Assessing its relation with item cognitive level classified according to Bloom’s taxonomy. Front Psychol.;9:1-12. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01585
[30] Hamamoto Filho PT, Silva E, Ribeiro ZMT, Hafner MLMB, Cecilio-Fernandes D, Bicudo AM (2020). Relationships between Bloom’s taxonomy, judges’ estimation of item difficulty and psychometric properties of items from a progress test: a prospective observational study. São Paulo Med J.;138(1):33–39.
[31] Shad, M. N., Fatima, A., Fatima, S., & Chiragh, S (2018). Item analysis of MCQs of a pharmacology term exam in a private medical college of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences; 12, 700–703.
Kaouther MEJRI, Sonia MAHJOUB, Fatma AYDI, Issam SALOUAGE, “Item’s Analysis in Health Education at the High School of Health Science of Tunis” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.156-161 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51108
Download PDF
Learning Experiences of Frustrated-Level Readers in the Implementation of Self-Learning Modules in the New Normal Education
Honey Lyn P. Valentos, Ronald S. Decano – November 2021- Page No.: 162-166
The turn of a single page is the beginning of knowledge. Reading is known as one of the most vital skills that a person should have. The aim of this descriptive qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the learning experiences of Frustrated -Level Readers in the implementation of self-learning modules. Insights, opinions and ideas were sought from ten (10) Grade 8 students through Key Informant Interview. Responses were recorded, transcribed, coded analyzed, and categorized into themes. Six emergent themes were generated, namely: (1) Increasing reading comprehension (2) Providing Filipino-English Dictionary (3) Enhancing interest in reading (4) Repeated reading (5) Acquiring support from teachers and parents (6) Providing supplemental learning resources. Findings revealed that the most challenging experiences met by the Frustrated -level Readers are the lack of comprehension and insufficient learning resources. With these findings, the school administrator and reading teachers should provide necessary learning strategies and supplementary resources to increase reading comprehension.
Page(s): 162-166 Date of Publication: 28 November 2021
Honey Lyn P. Valentos
Graduate Student, Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management, Davao del Norte State College, Philippines
Ronald S. Decano
Dean, Institute of Advanced Studies, Davao del Norte State College, Philippines
[1] Aquino, M. & De Vera, P. ( 2018) “Development of Learning Material for Grade 7 Struggling Readers,” Pangasinan State University – School of Advanced Studies, Urdaneta City Pangasinan
[2] Bano, et. Al (2018) Perceptions of Teachers about the Role of Parents in Developing Reading Habits of Children to Improve their Academic Performance in Schools. Journal of Education and Educational Development Reading Comprehension: Essential for Sustainability. Sustainability Series Number 8 • September 2009 https://www2.ed.gov/programs/readingfirst/support/readlores.pdf
[3] Creswell, John W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches / John W. Creswell. — 3rd ed.
[4] Jose & Raja (2011).TEACHERS’ ROLE IN FOSTERING READING SKILL: EFFECTIVE AND SUCCESSFUL READING. -manager’s Journal on English Language Teaching, Vol. 1lNo. 4lOctober – December 2011. file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/EJ1071046.pdf.
[5] Kaya, E. (2015). The Role of Reading Skills on Reading Comprehension Ability of Turkish EFL Students. Üniversitepark Bülten, 4(1-2), 37-51.
[6] Sana (2013) “Importance of Early Reading Intervention,” ESSAI: Vol. 10, Article 30. Available at: http://dc.cod.edu/essai/vol10/iss1/30
[7] Sepehr Safaie (2020) The effects of explicit and implicit teaching of connectors on the reading comprehension performance of Iranian EFL lea rners, Cogent Education, 7:1, 1777806, DOI: 10.1080/2331186X.2020.1777806
[8] Sergio Medina (2019) Effects of Reading Strategy and Dictionary Instruction in an Undergraduate Foreign Language Reading Comprehension Group a https://doi.org/10.17227/folios.50-10226
[9] Shinawatra International University, Bangkok, Thailand https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/2229-0443-2-1-45.pdf
[10] Steve Mckee (2012) | P a g e Reading Comprehension, What We Know: A Review of Research 1995 to 2011. Language Testing in Asia Volume two, Issue one February 2012 45
[11] Tadesse, S., & Muluye, W. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Education System in Developing Countries: A Review. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 08(10). https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.810011
Honey Lyn P. Valentos, Ronald S. Decano, “Learning Experiences of Frustrated-Level Readers in the Implementation of Self-Learning Modules in the New Normal Education ” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.162-166 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51109
Download PDF
Civil-Military Cooperation of African Mission in Somalia as Tool of Peace-building in Kismayo District, Lower Jubbaland, Somalia (2011-2020)
Moses Kamau Muchemi, Dr. Xavier Francis Ichani – November 2021- Page No.: 167-177
The conflict in Somalia presents a typical example of crisis where sometimes the international response is at odd with the wishes of local administration and community. Whereas debate on the most appropriate and sustainable approach to resolving complex conflict like the one in Somalia continues, Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC) has emerged as a key determinant of successful peacekeeping operation. Whereas the scope of activities under the rubric of CIMIC is this article analyzed SSR carried out by AMISOM troops in Kismayo District of Somalia from year 2011 to 2020 as a thematic area of security enhancement. The study was anchored on liberal peacebuilding, state building and democratization theories. The target population of the study included residents of Kismayo district entailing community leaders, humanitarian workers, civil society, Jubbaland Security Forces (JSF) and AMISOM troops operating in the district. Onwuegbuzie and Collins (2007) typology of determining sample size in social science research was used to arrive at a sample size of 200 respondents. Primary data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires, interviews guide and Focused Group Discussions guide. Secondary data was sourced from published books, e-books, journals, reports, newsletters and conference papers. Collected data was grouped, corroborated, and presented using both quantitative and the qualitative research techniques in themes corresponding the objectives of the study. The study found out that 97% of Kismayo residents felt that AMISOM CIMIC program had reduced conflicts in the district, 83% felt that the security sector was effective in ensuring security and safety of the population. The study also found that demobilization, disarmament and reintegration CIMIC program had reduced chances of violent clashes in Kismayo by 89% chance. Al-Shabaab terror gang continued to threaten the peace efforts in Kismayo. The study recommends that more donor funding be channeled to Federal Governments of Somalia so that they develop strong security sector capable of defeating peace spoilers such as Al-Shabaab.
Page(s): 167-177 Date of Publication: 28 November 2021
Moses Kamau Muchemi
Department of International Relations, Conflict and Strategic Studies of Kenyatta University, Kenya
Dr. Xavier Francis Ichani
Department of International Relations, Conflict and Strategic Studies of Kenyatta University, Kenya
[1] Abdeta, D. (2020). The security sector reform paradox in Somalia. London: London School of Economics and Political Science. Retrieved from http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/103683/1/Dribssa_Beyene_security_sector_reform_paradox_somalia_published.pdf
[2] Annan, K. (1999). Peace and Development – One Struggle, Two Fronts. Address to World Bank Staff. Washington DC: United Nations Press. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwju14PypNbzAhUKFRQKHVsDDG8QFnoECCQQAQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.archives.un.org%2Fuploads%2Fr%2Funited-nations-archives%2F9%2Fb%2Fa%2F9ba43bf83c498ed02ac7403d4d8938b8452
[3] Crouch, J., & Chevreau, O. (2016). Forging Jubbaland: Community perspectives on federalism, governance and reconciliation. London: Saferworld. Retrieved from https://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/forging-Jubbaland.pdf
[4] Hänggi, H. (2005). Approaching Peacebuilding from a Security Governance Perspective. Geneva: DCAF. Retrieved from https://www.dcaf.ch/sites/default/files/publications/documents/YB2005.pdf
[5] Hans-Jürgen, K. (2012). Civil-Military Cooperation: A Way to Resolve Complex Crisis Situations. PRISM, 4(1), 17-29. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/26469791
[6] Hofreiter, L. (2015). About Security in Contemporary World. Securitologia, 21(1), 7-17. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285545711_About_Security_in_Contemporary_World/fulltext/58878c754585150dde5033ef/About-Security-in-Contemporary-World.pdf
[7] Huntington, S. (1993). The Clash of Civilizations? Foreign Affairs, 22-49. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/20045621
[8] Majid, N., & Abdirahman, K. (2021). The Kismayo bubble – justice and security in Jubbaland. London: London School of Economics and Political Science. Retrieved from http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/109317/2/The_kismayo_bubble_updated.pdf
[9] Menkhaus, K. (2006). Governance without Government in Somalia Spoilers, State Building, and the Politics of Coping. International Security, 31(3), 74-106. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/4137508
[10] Olsen, G. (2018). The October 2011 Kenyan invasion of Somalia: fighting al-Shabaab or defending institutional interests? Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 36(1), 39-53. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02589001.2017.1408953
[11] Pugh, M. (2001). Civil-Military Relations in Peace Support Operations: hegemony or. eminar on Aid and Politics: Debates, Dilemmas and. London: University of Leeds.
[12] Simon, R., & Hiscock, D. (2017). Evaluating for security and justice challenges and opportunities for improved monitoring and evaluation of security system reform programs. Geneva: DCAF. Retrieved from https://issat.dcaf.ch/download/11967/120859/Evaluating%20for%20security%20and%20justice.pdf
[13] Sunil, R. (2018). History of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations During the Coldwar: 1945-1987. Williamsburg: Peace Operations Training Institute. Retrieved from https://cdn.peaceopstraining.org/course_promos/history_of_peacekeeping_1/history_of_peacekeeping_1_english.pdf
[14] UNDP. (2020). Joint Security Sector Governance Programme. New York: UNDP. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiaopDmpdbzAhUPjRQKHVPLAyMQFnoECAIQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Finfo.undp.org%2Fdocs%2Fpdc%2FDocuments%2FSOM%2FJSSG%2520Programme%2520Document%2520Signed%2520ALL%2520April2019
[15] Webersik, C. (2004). Differences That Matter: The Struggle of the Marginalised in Somalia. Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, 74(4), 516-533. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/3556840
[16] Zaalberg, T. (2006). The Tools at Hand: Civil-Military Cooperation in Kosovo. In T. Zaalberg, Soldiers and Civil Power: Supporting or Substituting Civil Authorities in Modern Peace Operations (pp. 391-414). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Moses Kamau Muchemi, Dr. Xavier Francis Ichani “Civil-Military Cooperation of African Mission in Somalia as Tool of Peace-building in Kismayo District, Lower Jubbaland, Somalia (2011-2020)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.167-177 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51112
Download PDF
Work Place Environment: Implications of Workplace Accidents and the Necessity for Safety cum Health Programmes in Organizations
Asadu, Ikechukwu, Ph.D, Chukwujekwu Charles Onwuka Ph.D- November 2021- Page No.: 178-186
Every employee is entitled to work in a setting where jeopardy to his health and security are suitably controlled. Hence, employers have a liability to consult with their workers or representatives on health and safety matters. Notwithstanding the laws mandating employers to guarantee the protection and health of their employees, several employees have been victims of work place accidents. While some have died as a product of an industrial accident, others have sustained different extent of injuries. The study examined the dimensions and implications of workplace accidents and the necessity for safety and health programme in establishments. The methodology of the study is qualitative and descriptive. Relevant data for the study were gathered through secondary source. The data generated were analyzed using descriptive-qualitative approach. The findings of the study, among other things, revealed that while work place accidents are of varied nature with wide adverse consequences, both employers and employees have significant roles to play in ensuring workplace safety and health. Moreover, the findings showed that an accident free plant or organization with good health and safety programmes enjoys certain benefits such as motivated workforce, increased productivity and profitability, cost savings, lower staff turnover, lesser absenteeism, lower insurance costs and good corporate reputation..
Page(s): 178-186 Date of Publication: 28 November 2021
Asadu, Ikechukwu, Ph.D
University of Nigeria, Nsukka Department of Public Administration and Local Government
Chukwujekwu Charles Onwuka Ph.D
Department of Sociology, Chukwuemeka Odume Ojukwu University, Igbariam Campus, Anambra State Nigeria
[1] Akpan, E.I. (2011). Effectiveness of safety and health management policy for improved performance of organization in Africa. International Journal of Business management, 6 (3) 159 – 165
[2] Alli, B.O. (2008). Fundamental principles of organizational health and safety. Geneva, International Labour Office.
[3] Aram, H.M.and, Samir S.A. (2017). The consequences of work environment on employee Productivity. Journal of Business and Management, 19 (1) 35 – 42
[4] Aswathappa, K. (2002). Human resources and personnel management, text and cases. New Delhi: McGraw-Hill publishing company Ltd.
[5] Armstrong, M. (1988). Handbook on personnel management practice (3rd edition). Kogan Page.
[6] Bravo (2020).five strategies to help you set and achieve your wellness goal. Accessed at http//www.bravowell.com
[7] Dugas, C. (2017). The four main causes of accident in a chemical plant. Accessed at https//www.claydugas.com.
[8] Encyclopedia of occupational health and safety. Accessed at https//www.Ilo.encyclopedia,org.
[9] Edem, M.J. Akpan, E.U. and Papple, N.M. (2017). Impact of workplace environment on health workers. Occupational Medicine and health Affair 5 (2), 261
[10] Nigeria Factories Act (1987)
[11] Grimaldi, J.V. and Simonds, R.H. (1991). Safety management (5th ed) Richard. Irwin
[12] Gbadago, P. Amedome, S, and Honyenuga, B (2017) .The impact of occupational health and safety measure on employee performance at south Tongu district hospital. Global Journal of medical research 17 (5)
[13] Health and Safety Committee (2006) Safety guidelines for mineral exploration in western Canada (4th edition). Association for mineral exploration and safety guidelines.
[14] Hamalainen, P, Takala, S., and Saarela, K (2006). Global estimate of occupational accident. Safety science 44, 137 – 156
[15] Heinrich, H.W. (1959). Industrial accident prevention. New York: McGraw-Hill.
[16] Institute for Imaginative Nutrition (2021) what is the difference between health and wellness. Accessed at https// www.immaginativenutrition.com
[17] International Labour Organization (2001). Guidelines on occupational safety and health management system. Geneva
[18] International Labour Organization (2003b). Safety in numbers: pointers for a global safety culture at work. Geneva.
[19] International Labour Organization(2006). promotional framework for occupational satety and health convention. Geneva
[20] International labour organization (2015). Report on World 2day for safety and health
[21] Jain, P. (2015) Types of industrial accident. Accessed at http//www.dotechs.com
[22] Jonathan, G.K. and Mbogo, R.W. (2016). Maintaining health and safety at workplace: Employee and employer’s roles in ensuring a safe working environment. Journal of Education and Practice, 17 (19), 1 – 7
[23] Markhbul, Z.M. (2012). Workplace environment: Towards health and performance. International Business management, 6 (6), 640 – 647
[24] Ross, H (2019). Implementing employee health improvement programme that work. Accessed at https//www.amanet.org.
[25] Safeopodia (2021).Meaning of accident. Accessed at https//www.safopodia.com
[26] Talentfly (2019). 8 key benefits of employee wellness programme. Accessed at https//www.talentfly.com.article
[27] Takele, T. and Mengesha, A. (2006) .Occupational safety and health. Ethiopia: University of Godar.
[28] William, P.A. et al (1993). Strategic human resources management, Dryden Press.
Asadu, Ikechukwu, Ph.D, Chukwujekwu Charles Onwuka Ph.D, “Work Place Environment: Implications of Workplace Accidents and the Necessity for Safety cum Health Programmes in Organizations” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.178-186 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/178-186.pdf
Download PDF
Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variation of Land Use/Land Cover and Impacts on Climate in Urban Areas, Sri Lanka with Special Reference to Hambantota Divisional Secretariat Division (2008-2019)
Edirisooriya K V U I, Senevirathna E M T K, Edirisooriya K V D, Dheerasinghe G W M M K, Dauglas D L P M- November 2021- Page No.: 187-195
The changes in air temperature with the land use / land cover (LU/LC) in the certain areas highly affect to the environment and its ecosystem. This study aims to evaluate LU/LC changes and their impacts on climate in Hambantota Divisional Secretariat Division from 2008 to 2019. Both LU/LC cover changes were determined by using supervised classification, particularly maximum likelihood classification and accuracy assessment in Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. Spatial distribution of air temperature is determined by Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method by assigning values to unknown points are calculated with a weighted average of the values available at the known points. The results found that the increment of built-up areas (27.66%), water bodies (2.39%) and agriculture (0.44%) and decrement of barren lands (11.61%) and forest cover (18.88%) having accuracy ranged from 86.7 percent to 83.3 percent with 0.888 to 0.912 Kappa statistics. These changes are further confirmed by the Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI). Moreover, the increment of air temperature is detected during 11 years. This air temperature increment is proportional to the forest cover reduction and the buildup area increment due to vast developments in the area after 2009.
Page(s): 187-195 Date of Publication: 29 November 2021
Edirisooriya K V U I
Department of Oceanography and Marine Geology, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka
Senevirathna E M T K
Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
Edirisooriya K V D
Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
Dheerasinghe G W M M K
Department of Oceanography and Marine Geology, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka
Dauglas D L P M
Geological Survey and Mines Bureau, Sri Lanka
[1] R J M Uduporuwa.(2020). Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Land Use/Land Cover in Kandy City, Sri Lanka: An Analytical Invastigation with Geospatial Techniques. Ameriican Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 149-166.
[2] I H Mohd, Z H Pakhriazad, F M Shahrin. (2009). Evaluating Supervised and Unsupervsed Techniques for Land Cover Mapping Using Remote Sensing Data. Malayasian Journal of Society and Space , 1-10.
[3] Ayyanna, B.S. Polisgowdar, M.S. Ayyanagowdar , Anilkumar T. Dandekar , G.S. Yadahalli and M.A. Bellakki. (2018). Accuracy Assessment of Supervised and Unsupervised Classification Using Landsat-8-Imagery of D-7 Shahapur Branch Canal of UKP Command Area Karnataka, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 205-216.
[4] R Vimala et. al. (2020). Unsupervised ISODATA algorithm classification used in the landsat image for predicting the expansion of Salem urban, Tamil Nadu. Indian Jouranal of Science and Technology, 1619-1629.
[5] A Zaitunah,Samsuri, A G Ahamd and R A Safitri. (2018). Normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi) analysis for land covertypes using landsat 8 oli in besitang watershed, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
[6] P Nathalie et.al. (2011). The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI): unforeseen successes in animal ecology. CLIMATE RESEARCH, 15-27.
[7] D M El-Shikha a, P Waller, D Hunsaker, T Clarke, E Barnes. (2007). Ground-based remote sensing for assessing water andnitrogen status of broccoli. Agricultural Water Management, 183-193.
[8] N Alahacoon and M Edirisinghe.(2021). Spatial Variability of Rainfall Trends in Sri Lanka from 1989 to2019 as an Indication of Climate Change. International Journal of Geo Infromation.
[9] B Sandra, J Kossin and S Donner.(2014). The Impact of Climate Change. In A. S. Zommers, Reducing Disaster: Early Warning Systems For Climate Change (pp. 21-49).
[10] S R Sophia, J M Ndambuki.(2017). Accuracy Assessment of Land Use/Land CoverClassification Using Remote Sensing and GIS. Internationa Journal of Geo Sciences, 611-622.
[11] M Kamel, M Youssef, M Hassan, F Bagash.(2016). Utilization of ETM+ Landsat data in geologic mapping of wadi Ghadir-Gabal Zabara area,Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, 343-360.
[12] G G Meera, S Parthiban, N Thummalu, A Christy. (2012). Ndvi: Vegetation change detection using remote sensingand gis – A case study of Vellore District. 3rd International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing 2015 (ICRTC-2015) (pp. 1199-1210). Procedia Computer Science.
[13] A. K. Bhandaria, A Kumara, and G K Singh. (2012). Feature Extraction using Normalized Difference VegetationIndex (NDVI): a Case Study of Jabalpur City. 2nd International Conference on Communication, Computing & Security [ICCCS-2012] (pp. 612-621). Procedia Technology.
[14] V. Rangari et.al (2021). Flood-hazard risk classification and mapping for urban catchment under different climate change scenarios: A case study of Hyderabad city. The Journal of Urban Climate,Vol. 36, pp 100793.
[15] C.B. Field et.al (2014). Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, UK and New York, USA: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1-32.
[16] M. De Zoysa (2020). Urbanization, Climate Change and Environmental Resilience: Experiences in Sri Lanka. Urban studies and public administration, Vol. 4, No. 1(pp. 46-84).
[17] IPCC (2014) Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part A: global and sectoral aspects. Contri-bution of working group II to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change [Field,C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mas-trandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada,R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, S. Mac-Cracken, P.R. Mastrandrea, and L.L. White (eds.)]. Cam-bridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
[18] IPCC (2014) Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part A: global and sectoral aspects. Contri-bution of working group II to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change [Field, C.B., V.R. Barros, D.J. Dokken, K.J. Mach, M.D. Mas-trandrea, T.E. Bilir, M. Chatterjee, K.L. Ebi, Y.O. Estrada, R.C. Genova, B. Girma, E.S. Kissel, A.N. Levy, S. Mac-Cracken, P.R. Mastrandrea, and L.L. White (eds.)]. Cam-bridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
Edirisooriya K V U I, Senevirathna E M T K, Edirisooriya K V D, Dheerasinghe G W M M K, Dauglas D L P M, “Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variation of Land Use/Land Cover and Impacts on Climate in Urban Areas, Sri Lanka with Special Reference to Hambantota Divisional Secretariat Division (2008-2019)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.187-195 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51113
Download PDF
An Analysis and Application of Charles Allen Prosser’s Theories for Functional and Quality Technical and Vocational Education in Nigeria
Prof. Titus I. Eze, Sylvester Chukwutem Onwusa (PhD) – November 2021- Page No.: 196-207
The development of any nation exclusively depends on effective participation of her indigenous skilled technical manpower accessible for enhancing the quality of life of her citizenry. This state of affairs can be attained by improvement on the infrastructures and facilities in institution of learning with the aim of exposing students’ for labour market. Thus this will enable students after graduation to participate and tackle the needs of the industries. This paper therefore was designed to look at an analysis and application of Charles Allen Prosser’s theories for functional and quality technical and vocational education in Nigeria. In accordance with the concept of lifelong education, one of the major roles of Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) is to develop individuals with high technical skills as desired in the industries in this present technological age. This paper discussed exhaustively the conceptual clarification of technical and vocational education, brief history of Charles Allen Prosser’s, Charles Prosser’s philosophy defined, an analysis of Charles Allen Prosser’s theories and implications in TVE, In addition, Charles Allen Prosser’s for functional and quality TVE, relevant of Prosser’s theories in TVE. Obviously, Prosser’s life was dedicated to the promotion of technical and vocational education programmes and inculcation of similar principles into the curriculum. Thus it was recommended that the government should build functionary workshops, laboratories and libraries to enhance the teaching and learning in technical and tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Also, the government should train qualified teachers and experts to operate the complex machines and equipment. Consequently, every technical and vocational educator responsible for programmes of instruction, should uphold the Prosser’s theories for functional and quality technical and vocational education. They should endeavour to make serious efforts to implement them in teaching and learning practical in the workshop(s). This could provide self-employment, job creation among the youths as well as promote sustainable technological development of the nation.
Page(s): 196-207 Date of Publication: 29 November 2021
Prof. Titus I. Eze
Department of Technology and Vocational Education, Faculty of Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Sylvester Chukwutem Onwusa (PhD)
Department of Technology and Vocational Education, Faculty of Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
[1] Abdullahi, B .B. (2012). The role of web resources and technology as instructional and learning tool in vocational and technical education for national transformation. Journal of Vocational Studies 6(1), 56-75.
[2] Abu Bakar, N.N. Hamzah, R. & Udin, A. (2011). Cabaran-cabaran dalam pendidikan teknik dan vokasional dalam membangunkan sumber manusia. Journal of Education press, 7(1)159-164
[3] Akpan, J. C. (2014). Encouraging youth involvement in technical and vocational training. Journal. of Technology Education Research Institute and Policy, 13 (6), 205-274).
[4] Beako, T. Y. (2016). Problems and prospects of empowerment programmes for youth on technical and vocational training in Eleme Local Government Area, Rivers State. Conference Proceedings of Association of Business Educators of Nigeria held at Federal College of Education (technical) Omoku, Nigeria. October, 12 – 134.
[5] Bukley, J. M. (2012). Future business leaders of America partners for computer literacy certification standards in the national schools. Retrieved on 20thmay, 2009, form www.fbla-phl.org.
[6] Bwala, K. C (2012). Challenges of entrepreneurship education in Nigeria. Issues and challenges. International .Journal Business Management. 1(4), 201-212.
[7] Ekpenyong, L.E. (2011). Foundation of technical education: Evolution and practice for Nigerian students in technical and vocational education and adult education, policy makers and practitioners, Benin City: Ambix Press Ltd.
[8] Ene, E. O. (2014). Empowering women in Nigeria for national transforming through entrepreneurship education. .Abuja International .Journal of Education. Management. Science (ABLJEMS), 3 (2), 108 – 122.
[9] Eze, T. I. (2012). Skills development in science and technology education for millennium development goals. A key note address in Ogbaju, J. O. and Nwannaradi, A. T. (eds) skill development in science/technology education for the MDGS, Nsukka, Nigeria.
[10] Eze, T. I. & Okorafor, O. A. (2012). Trends in technical, vocational education and training for improving the Nigerian workforce. Ebonyi Vocational and Technology Education Journal. 1(1), 107-115
[11] Ezeani, N. S. (2016). Women empowerment: An Instrument for Sustainable National Development. Conference proceedings of Association of Business Educations of Nigeria, held at Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, Nigeria. October 12 – 14
[12] Ezenwafor, J. I. (2015). Rating of strategies for transforming technical vocational education and training for the 21st century by tertiary institutions lecturers in South-East Nigeria. International Journal of Education Policy Research and review, 2(7).
[13] Federal Republic of Nigeria, (2013). National policy on education. Lagos: NEDRC Press. Merriam-Webster Dictionary
[14] Ibezim, N. E. (2013). Technologies needed for sustainable e-learning in university education. Nigerian. Journal of Business. Education. 1(2), 300-306.
[15] Idowu, P.A. & Adagunodo, E. R. (2003). Computer literacy level and gender differences among Nigerian university staff. Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Retrieved on 20thMay 2009 from www.ncsu.edu.ncsuaum.conlit.pg
[16] Miller, O, Nwaekete, J. O. & Akiti, N. (2016). Business education students’ assessment of utilization of e-learning software facilities for skill acquisition, in colleges of educational. Nigerian. Journal Business. Education. 3 (1), 71- 82.
[17] Musa, A. M, Muhammad, G., Musa, D. (2019). Prospects and challenges of industrial development in Nigeria through technical vocational education and training. Annals of technology education practitioners association of Nigeria, (ATEPAN), 2 (2), 135 – 139.
[18] Nwachukwu, C. E. (2011). Training improvement needs of students in technical college for employment in automobile industries. Nigeria Journal of Curriculum Studies 6 (1), 83-87.
[19] Nwachukwu, C. E. (2012). Designing appropriate methodology in vocational and technical education in Nigeria. Nsukka: Fulladu Publishing Company.
[20] Nwanneka, L F. Iwuanyawu, B. (2019). Achieving sustainable labour productivity through competency–based training (CBT) in technical and vocational education and training (TVET) programme in Nigeria. Proceedings of the school of vocational and technical education, Alvanlkoku Federal College of Education, Owerri, Nigeria.
[21] Okoro, P. E. (2016). Facilities for stimulating the teaching of new technologies in business education as perceived by lecturers in universities in South-South, Nigeria. Nigeria. Journal Business Education. 3(1), 53 – 60.
[22] Okwelle, P. C, Beako, T. Y. & Ojotule, I. D. (2019). Mechanical craft practice trade facilities and competencies required for soaring sustainable national productivity in Rivers State. European. Journal Education Development. Psychology. 7 (3), 46 – 55.
[23] Okwelle, P.C & Okeke, B.C. (2015). An over view of the role of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in national development of Nigeria. A Paper presented at the 12th Annual conference of History of education society of Nigeria, Uniport
[24] Oviawe, J. I. (2018). Revamping technical, vocational education and training through public-private partnerships for skill development. Journal of Higher Education, 10(1), 73-91.
[25] Robert, S. (1991). An analysis of Charles Allen Prosser’s conception of secondary education in the United States. Dissertations. Loyola University Chicago. 2890. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/2890
[26] Umah D. N, Nwokike, F. O. (2016). Utilization of modern communication technologies for effective teaching of account courses in colleges of education in Enugu State, Nigeria. Journal of Business. Education. 3 (1), 34-43.
[27] Usman, H.N. (2012). Techniques of vocational and technical education in human resources development and utilization. Journal of Vocational and Technical Education 7(1), 78-82.
[28] Uwaifo, V. O. (2010). Technical education and its challenges in Nigeria in the 21st Century. International .NGO Journal. 5(2), 40-51.
Prof. Titus I. Eze, Sylvester Chukwutem Onwusa (PhD), “An Analysis and Application of Charles Allen Prosser’s Theories for Functional and Quality Technical and Vocational Education in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.196-207 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/196-207.pdf
Download PDF
Proficiency of Vocational Teacher Educators and Availability of Information and Communication Technology Resources for Effective Instruction in Colleges of Education, South-South, Nigeria
ALFRED, Sabastine Bamidele (PhD), EKHOVBIYE , Michael Osayame – November 2021- Page No.: 208-215
Teacher educators in Colleges of Education in Nigeria are expected to be proficient in using ICT resources available in their colleges to facilitate and enhance their students learning and creativity. However, there is no indication that vocational teacher educators (VTEs) are equipped with the necessary ICT competencies and resources for effective delivery of instruction to vocational teacher trainees. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to determine the proficiency of Agriculture and Business teacher educators (ABTEs) on ICT competency standard of instruction and the availability of ICT resources for effective instruction delivery in Colleges of Education in South-South Nigeria. To achieve this goal, 2 research questions were generated and 1 null hypothesis was formulated. The study adopted a Descriptive design using the survey method. The population for the study was 298 made up of 145 agriculture and 153 Business teacher educators from Colleges of Education in South-South Nigeria. All the ABTEs were studied as no sampling was done. A 76-item structured questionnaire was used for data collection. A total of 268 (89.9%) copies of the questionnaire were correctly filled and analyzed, using mean to answer the research questions and t-test for testing the hypothesis. Results showed that the ABTEs expressed moderate proficiency (M=3.11; SD=0.98) in all the 54 ICT competency standards. ICT resources such as television, microcomputer and radio were available, while ICT resources such as interactive television, electronic drawing system and different software were unavailable for instruction delivery. This paper concluded that the moderate proficiency in ICT competency standards of instruction expressed by the ABTEs is indicative of their readiness and capability to use ICT resources for effective instruction if the resources are made generally available in the classrooms. This paper recommended that the management of the various Colleges of Education in South-South Nigeria and relevant agencies involved in teacher educators’ capacity building such as Tetfund, NCC should organize in-service training programmes and workshops for ABTEs to acquire the requisite proficiency on ICT competency standards of instruction based on the identified proficiency gaps.
Page(s): 208-215 Date of Publication: 29 November 2021
ALFRED, Sabastine Bamidele (PhD)
Department of Agricultural Education, College of Education, Igueben, Edo State, Nigeria
EKHOVBIYE , Michael Osayame
Department of Business Education, College of Education, Igueben, Edo State, Nigeria
[1] Adavbiele, J.A. (2016). The Use of ICT to enhance University Education in Nigeria. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 4(5), 1-11.
[2] Adeleke, M.A. (2018). Education in a digital era and future workforce in Nigeria. Keynote Address delivered at the 5th Annual National Conference on Education in a Digital Era and Future workforce in Nigeria organized by Faculty of Education, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State. 11th-14th June, 2018.
[3] Alfred, S.B. (2014). Use of new Information and Communication Technology Innovative methodologies for Vocational Agricultural Education delivery in Nigeria: Implications for Economic development. World Educators Forum, 4(1), 69-79.
[4] Buabeng-Andoh, C. (2012). Factors influencing teacher’s adoption and integration of information and communication technology into teaching: A review of the literature. International Journal of Education and Development using information and communication technology. (I JEDICT), 8 (1), 136-155.
[5] Collins, B. & Jung, I.S. (2003).Uses of information and communication technologies in teacher education. In B. Robinson & C. Latchem (Eds.), Teacher education throughopen and distance learning (pp.171-192) London: RoutledgeFalmer.
[6] Drent, M. &Meelissen, M. (2008). Which factors obstruct or stimulate teacher educators to use ICT innovatively?. Computers and Education, 51(1), 187-199.
[7] Egbule, P.E. (2012). The Centrality of vocational and technical education in a poor and skills- short economy.Nigeria Vocational Association Journal, 17(2), 1-8.
[8] Eyovwunu, D. (2016). Application of information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Secondary Schools in Warri Metropolis of Delta State, Nigeria. Journal of Vocational and Technical Education 2(1), 31-41
[9] Gulbahar, Y. (2008). ICT usage in higher education. A case study on pre-service teachers and instructors.The Turkish online Journal of Education Technology(TOJET), 7 (1), 32-37.
[10] IITE. (2003). The use of ICTs in technical and vocational education and training. UNESCO: Institute for Information Technologies in Education.
[11] Illomaki, L. &Lakkala, M. (2018). Digital technology and practices for school improvement: Innovative digital school model. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning from https://doi.org/10.1186/541039-018-0094-8.
[12] Jabaka, S.M. &Danbaba, N.M utilization in Basic Education in Nigeria. From https?//www.academia.edu/8520689/BARREIRS TO ICT UTILIZATION IN BASIC EDUCATION IN NIGERIA ON 31/07/018.
[13] Jude, W. I. &Dankaro, J.T. (2012).ICT resource utilization, availability and accessibility by teacher educators for instructional development in College of Education Katsina – Ala.New Media andMass Communication, 3.Retrieved on October 21, 2014 from www.iiste.org.
[14] Makgato, M. (2014).Challenges contributing to poor integration of educational technology at some schools in South Africa.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5 (20), 1285-1292.
[15] NCCE (2010a): Science and technology standards for teacher educators in Nigeria Colleges of Education. Abuja, Nigeria: Author.
[16] NCCE (2012).Curriculum implementation framework for Nigeria Certificate in Education. Abuja: National Commission for Colleges of Education.
[17] NCCE. (2010b). Science and technology standard for teacher educators in Nigeria Colleges of Education: Implementation Manual. Abuja, Nigeria: Author.
[18] Olafare, F. O.; Adeyanju, L.O. &Fakorede, S.O. A. (2017).Colleges of Education Lecturers attitude towards the use of Information and Communication Technology in Nigeria.Malaysian Online Journal of Education Sciences, 5(4), 1-12.
[19] Ololube, N.P. (2006). Appraising the relationship between ICT usage and integration and the standard teacher education programmes in a developing economy.International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT) 2(3), 70-85
[20] Onasanya, S.A; Shehu, R.A.; Oduwaiye, R.O. &Shehu, L.A. (2010).Higher Institutions Lecturers’ attitude towards integration of ICT into teaching and research in Nigeria.Research Journal of Information Technology, 2(1), 1-10.
[21] Osawaru, F.N. &Okome, O.E. (2009). Integrating information and communication technology (ICT) into English as second language classroom. A tool for sustainable growth and self reliance.Journal of Academics , 4(1), 1-7
[22] Robinson, J.S. &Garton, B.L. (2008).An assessment of the employability skills needed by graduates in the College of Agriculture, food and natural resources at the university of Missouri. Journal of Agricultural Education, 49 (4), 96-105
[23] Tella, A. (2011). Availability and use of ICT in South Western Nigeria Colleges of Education.African Research Review.International Multidisciplinary Journal, Ethiopia. 5 (5), 315-331.
[24] UNESCO. (2008a). ICT competency standards for teacher: Policy framework. United Kingdom: Author Retrieved 23 January, 2009 from http://www.oei.es/tic/competencies-tic-docentee-marcos-politicas.pdf.
[25] Williams, D.L., Boone, R. & Kingsley, K.V. (2004). Teacher beliefs about educational software: A Delphi study. Journal of Research onTechnology in Education, 36 (3), 213-229
[26] Yusuf, M.O. &Balogun, M. R. (2011).Student-teachers competence and attitude towards information and communication technology: A case study in a Nigerian university. Contemporary Educational Technology, 2(1), 18-36.
ALFRED, Sabastine Bamidele (PhD), EKHOVBIYE , Michael Osayame “Proficiency of Vocational Teacher Educators and Availability of Information and Communication Technology Resources for Effective Instruction in Colleges of Education, South-South, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.208-215 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/208-215.pdf
Download PDF
Application of Takaful Operational Guidelines 2013 and Insurance Act 2003 in Nigeria: Matters Arising and the Way Forward
Mohammed Babakano Aliyu, Ibrahim Muhammad Ahmad, Aishatu Kyari Sandabe- November 2021- Page No.: 216-221
The Nigerian insurance industry has a history of lack of penetration and patronage in some parts of the country. The persistent insurance gap has prospered in financially excluding and underserving the majority of the populace. In 2013, National Insurance Commission (NAICOM), the statutory body responsible for the regulation and supervision of insurance business in Nigeria introduced the Takaful (Islamic Insurance) Operational Guidelines which is adjudged as an avenue for increasing insurance penetration being a Shari‘ah compliant product thereby bridging the endemic insurance gap. However, some provisions of the Takaful Operational Guidelines are in conflicts with certain provisions of the Insurance Act which left a vacuum in simultaneous application of the laws, a situation that affects the operation of Takaful sector in the country. This paper analyses some grey areas of conflicts in the Takaful Operational Guidelines and the Insurance Act 2004 with a view to resolving and harmonizing the legal frameworks. The study adopted a qualitative methodology of legal research which involved analysis of existing literature and interviews. The study concludes that the Operational Guidelines 2013 issued by NAICOM for smooth operation of Takaful business and the Insurance Act 2003 are inadequate as they left certain regulatory gaps that need to be filled in. Thus, the study recommends, amongst other things, that a comprehensive and robust Takaful Act to be enacted; and a review of the operational guidelines to safeguard the nascent Takaful industry with a clear delineation of authority between the Takaful guidelines and the Insurance Act.
Page(s): 216-221 Date of Publication: 30 November 2021
Mohammed Babakano Aliyu
LLB, LLM, Ph.D, BL, Senior Lecturer, Department of Shari’ah, Faculty of Law, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Ibrahim Muhammad Ahmad
LLB, LLM, Ph.D, BL, Senior Lecturer, Department of Shari’ah, Faculty of Law, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Aishatu Kyari Sandabe
LLB, LLM, Ph.D, BL, Senior Lecturer, Department of Shari’ah, Faculty of Law, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
References are not available.
Mohammed Babakano Aliyu, Ibrahim Muhammad Ahmad, Aishatu Kyari Sandabe, “Application of Takaful Operational Guidelines 2013 and Insurance Act 2003 in Nigeria: Matters Arising and the Way Forward” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.216-221 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/216-221.pdf
Download PDF
Book Review Title: Mobility and Migration in Asian Pacific Higher Education. Authors: Deane Neubauer and Kazuo Kuroda. Publisher: New York, United States: Palgrave Macmillan Publishers, 2012. Page: 240 pp. Price: Hardcover $110.00. ISBN: 978-1-137-01508-2
Polwasit Lhakard – November 2021- Page No.: 222-224
This book helps in a better understanding on the increasing mobility in Asian Pacific Higher Education and formats of migration through education exchange. It was written by long-time experts and researchers in the area, which makes readers can see examples clearly. There are three parts to the structure. The first part includes chapters 1-2, which are about creating a conceptual framework and theory. The second part includes chapters 3-12, which are about case studies in each country. The last part is in chapter 13, which is a knowledge summary in the overall picture. The detail of each chapter is as follow:
Page(s): 222-224 Date of Publication: 30 November 2021
Polwasit Lhakard
International Doctoral Program in Asia-Pacific Studies (IDAS), College of Social Science, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
[1] Chuing Prudence Chou and Jonathan Spangler .(2018).Cultural and Educational Exchanges between Rival Societies Cooperation and Competition in an Interdependent World. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
[2] Chan, David and Pak Tee Ng. (2008). “Similar Agendas, Diverse Strategies: The Quest for a Regional Hub of Higher Education in Hong Kong and Singapore.”Higher Education Policy .
[3] Global University Network for Innovation. (2007). Higher Education in the World 2007: Accreditation for Quality Assurance: What is at Stake ?. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
[4] Kivowitz, E.(2007). November 15, “UCLA Rated in Top 10 in U.S. for Foreign Students, Students Studying Abroad.” UCLA Newsroom . Available online at: www.newsroom.ucla.edu (accessed July, 30 2021).
[5] Watanabe, Toshio, ed. (2004). Higashi Ajia Shijo Togo Heno Michi (The Path toward East Asia Market Integration). Tokyo: Keisoshobo.
Polwasit Lhakard, “Book Review Title: Mobility and Migration in Asian Pacific Higher Education. Authors: Deane Neubauer and Kazuo Kuroda. Publisher: New York, United States: Palgrave Macmillan Publishers, 2012. Page: 240 pp. Price: Hardcover $110.00. ISBN: 978-1-137-01508-2” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.222-224 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51114
Download PDF
Supervision of the Environmental Service of Central Sulawesi Province in Waste Management Undata Palu Hospital
Fatmasari Said, Muhammad Basir-Cyio, Nawawi Natsir – November 2021- Page No.: 225-233
This study aimed to determine the supervision of the Environmental Service of Central Sulawesi Province in managing waste at Undata Palu Hospital. This type of research is descriptive, with the number of informants as many as 13 people, which is determined using the purposive technique. The data analysis method uses three steps: data condensation, presenting data (data display) and drawing conclusions or verification (conclusion drawing and verification). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the supervision of hospital waste management by the Central Sulawesi Environmental Service had not run optimally, this was due to the limited number of human resources, and the competence of the supervisory officers from the Central Sulawesi Environmental Service was still limited. In terms of the equipment owned by the Central Sulawesi Environmental Service, the laboratory equipment for testing the validity of the data is still incomplete and operational vehicles are still limited in number and the lack of budget owned by the Central Sulawesi Environmental Service because each year the budget obtained is still minimal. Schedule The implementation of control carried out by the Central Sulawesi Environmental Service is still not optimal, where in the last three years, regular (scheduled) monitoring has no longer been carried out, only reports in the form of documents on the implementation of environmental management are used as a reference for the Environment Agency in monitoring The performance of hospitals in managing their waste, this happened because after the disaster that hit Palu City at the end of 2018 ago, the implementation of supervision could not be carried out maximally, because the activities of institutions, both hospitals and the Environmental Service, were still focused on improving the facilities and infrastructure of the agency.
Page(s): 225-233 Date of Publication: 30 November 2021
Fatmasari Said
Social Science Study Program Postgraduate Doctoral Program, Tadulako University, Palu-Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Muhammad Basir-Cyio
Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu-Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Nawawi Natsir
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu-Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
[1] Asmadi. 2013. Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Rumah Sakit. Yogyakarta: Goysen Publishing.
[2] Chandra, B. 2012. Pengantar Kesehatan Lingkungan. Jakarta: EGC.
[3] Daft, Richard L. 2012. Manajemen, Edisi Kelima Jilid Satu. Jakarta: Erlangga.
[4] Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2006. Pedoman pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi di rumah sakit dan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan lainnya. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
[5] Erlis Milta Rin Sondole. 2016. Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja, Motivasi dan Pengawasan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Pertamina (Persero) Unit Pemasaran VII Pertamina BBM Bitung. Jurnal EMBA, Volume 3 Nomor 3.
[6] Hasibuan, Malayu S.P. 2012. Manajemen: Dasar, Pengertian, dan Masalah. Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara.
[7] Ihyaul, Ulum. 2009. Pengawasan Sektor Publik: Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta. PT. Bumi Aksara.
[8] Indonesian Center For Environmental Law. 2020. Penguatan Sistem Pengawasan Lingkungan Hidup.
[9] Keptusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2019 tentang Kesehatan Lingkungan Rumah Sakit.
[10] Miles, M.B, Huberman, A.M, dan Saldana, J. 2014. Qualitative Data Analysis, A Methods Sourcebook, Edition 3. USA: Sage Publications. Terjemahan Tjetjep Rohindi Rohidi. Jakarta: UI-Press.
[11] Murhaini, Suriansyah. 2014. Manajemen Pegawasan Pemerintahan Daerah. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
[12] Pedoman Pengelolaan Limbah Rumah Sakit Rujukan, Rumah Sakit Darurat Dan Puskesmas Yang Menangani Pasien Covid-19. 2020. Pengelolaan Air Limbah Pengelolaan Limbah Padat Domestik Pengelolaan Limbah B3 Medis Padat. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
[13] Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 101 Tahun 2014 tentang Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun.
[14] Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia Nomor P.12 Tahun 2020 tentang Penyimpanan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun.
[15] Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
[16] Pruss, A. dkk. 2005. Pengelolaan Aman Limbah Layanan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.
[17] Safroni, Ladzi. 2012. Manajemen Dan Reformasi Pelayanan Publik Dalam Konteks Birokrasi Indonesia. Surabaya: Aditya Media Publishing.
[18] Samsul. 2016. Paradigma Administrasi Publik. Dalam https://samsulaldi.wordpress.com.
[19] Siagian, Sondang, P. 2014. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
[20] Silalahi, Ulbert. 2005. Studi Tentang Ilmu Administrasi Konsep, Teori dan Dimensi. Bandung: Sinar Baru Algensindo.
[21] Soemirat J. 2014. Kesehatan Lingkungan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
[22] Surat Edaran Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Nomor SE.3/MENLHK/PSLB.3/3/2021 tentang Pengelolaan Limbah B3 dan Sampah Dari Penanganan Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)
[23] The Liang, Gie. 2009. Ensiklopedia Administrasi. Jakarta: Gunung Agung.
[24] Thoha, Miftah. 2008. Ilmu Administrasi Public Kontemporer. Jakarta: Kencana.
[25] Widodo, Joko. 2016. Analisis Kebijakan Publik. Malang: Mayumedia Publishing.
Fatmasari Said, Muhammad Basir-Cyio, Nawawi Natsir “Supervision of the Environmental Service of Central Sulawesi Province in Waste Management Undata Palu Hospital” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.225-233 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51115
Download PDF
Square Peg in a Round Hole: Stories of The Non-English Major Teachers Teaching English Subjects
Norhan C. Jalmaani- November 2021- Page No.: 234-241
The purpose of this phenomenological inquiry is to describe the lived experiences of the non-English major teachers teaching English subjects. In-depth interview and focused group discussion were employed in the study in data collection. Findings revealed that out-of-field teachers experience difficulties and burden while in the situation. To cope with the phenomenon, participants reported to use different mechanisms which include keeping a positive attitude and making efforts in self-improvement. In terms of the insights of the participants towards out-of-field teaching, three themes were generated involving seeing it as a positive experience, a challenging experience, and a human resource problem. Based on the generated themes, it is implied that the role of the school heads and administrators is of much importance in the welfare of the teachers. The number one goal of the school heads is to minimize, as much as possible, the instances of out-of-field teaching in the school. Should it be inevitable, the school heads must provide these teachers with the necessary support they needed to perform well in the subject loads assigned to them.
Page(s): 234-241 Date of Publication: 30 November 2021
Norhan C. Jalmaani
Department of Education, Schools Division of Davao de Oro, Philippines
[1] Alshenqeeti, H. (2014). Interviewing as a Data Collection Method: A Critical Review. English Linguistics Research Vol. 3, No. 1.
[2] Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review.
[3] Barlow, D. (2002). Putting the Right Teachers in the Right Places. The Education Digest.
[4] Bayani, R. T., & Guhao, E. S. (2017). Out-of-Field Teaching: Experiences of Non-Filipino Majors. The International Journal of Education, Development, Society and Technology.
[5] Cinkir, S., & Kurum, G. (2015). DISCREPANCY IN TEACHER EMPLOYMENT:THE PROBLEM OF OUT-OF-FIELD TEACHER EMPLOYMENT.
[6] Creswell, J. (1998). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Traditions. Sage Publications, Inc.
[7] Darling Hammond, L. (2006). Constructing 21st-Century Teacher Education. SAGE.
[8] Du Plessis, A. E. (2013). Understanding the Out-of-Field Teaching Experience.
[9] Gerritsen, A. (2011). Focus Group Discussion – A Step-By-Step Guide. University of Limpopo and VLIR Project.
[10] Gordon, B. (2007). U.S competitiveness: The education imperative. Issues in Science and Technology.
[11] Hobbs, L. (2015, April 13). Too many teachers teaching outside their area of expertise. Education.
[12] Ingersoll, R. (2003). Out-of-Field Teaching and the Limits of Teacher. GSE Publications.
[13] Kim, E.-g. (2011). Out-of-Field Secondary School Teachers in Korea: Their Realities and Implications. KEDI Journal of Educational Policy.
[14] Lester, S. (1999). An Introduction to Phenomenological Research. Stan Lester Developmets.
[15] Magdaraog, R. S., & Benavides, N. G. (2018). Profile, Challenges and Coping Mechanisms of Out-of-Field Teachers in the Second Congressional District of Sorsogon. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR).
[16] Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
[17] Mizzi, D. (2013). THE CHALLENGES FACED BY SCIENCE TEACHERS WHEN TEACHING OUTSIDE THEIR SPECIFIC SCIENCE SPECIALISM. Acta Didactica Napocensia.
[18] Olmos, F. (2010). Square Peg in a Round Hole: Out-of-Field Teaching and its Impact on Teacher Attrition. UMI Disertation Publishing.
[19] Olson, L. (2008, January 3). Human Resources a Weak Spot. Teaching and Learning.
[20] Pacaña, N. M., Ramos, C. D., Catarata, M., & Inocian, R. (2019). OUT-OF-FIELD SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHING THROUGH SUSTAINABLE CULTURE-BASED PEDAGOGY: A FILIPINO PERSPECTIVE. International Journal of Education and Practice.
[21] Ruaya, J. (2016). The effects and challenges among out-of-field teachers in St. Dominic College of Asia.
[22] University, V. P. (2017, August 04). Protecting Confidentiality & Anonymity. Retrieved from http://www.irb.vt.edu/pages/confidentiality.htm
[23] Zhou, Y. (2012). OUT-OF-FIELD TEACHING: A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY ON TEACHER LABOR MARKET AND TEACHER QUALITY.
Norhan C. Jalmaani, “Square Peg in a Round Hole: Stories of The Non-English Major Teachers Teaching English Subjects” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.234-241 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51116
Download PDF
Teachers’ Awareness and Participation in the School-Based Teacher Development Programme in Mathugama Education Zone
Sandamali Tennakoon, F. M. Nawastheen – November 2021- Page No.: 242-245
Teacher professional development is directly related to student educational achievements. School-based teacher development programmes in Sri Lanka have been implemented at the school level recently. The study aimed to find out the status of awareness about SBTD and the participation of teachers in the SBTD programme. In addition, it also aimed to identify the nature of activities done in schools under the SBTD programme. The study employed a survey research design and the collected data from a sample of 48 teachers selected randomly from Mathugama Education Zone in Sri Lanka. Frequency and percentage used for analysis for data. Data analysis showed that teachers in the zone were aware of the school-based development and its various activities implemented at their schools. However, there was a lack of teacher participation in some activities where teachers might get hands-on experiences related to their profession. Therefore, the researchers recommended that school principals ensure teachers’ involvement in the SBTD activities by finding out the reasons behind the lack of participation.
Page(s): 242-245 Date of Publication: 30 November 2021
Sandamali Tennakoon
Bilingual Education Branch, Ministry of Education, Isurupaya, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka
F. M. Nawastheen
Department of Secondary & Tertiary Education, Faculty of Education, The Open University of Sri Lanka.
[1] Arachchi. C. K. (2015) Key elements of school-based teacher development in Sri Lanka: A case study of Colombo district schools, paper presented at the international conference on social entrepreneurship and sustainable development, Tata
[2] Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Mumbai, India, (Feb.04-07) 2015.
[3] Bandara, S. (2018 A). School-Based Teacher Development Programs in Secondary Schools in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Research- GRANTHAALAYAH, 6(5), 190–200.
[4] Bandara, S. (2018 B). “The Influences of Administration System and Policies to Development of School-Based Teacher
[5] Development Programs in Sri Lanka”, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 7 (5), May 2018, 1128 – 1134.
[6] Fullan, M. (1995). Professional Development in Education: New Paradigms and Practices. (Guskey, T. & Huberman, M. Eds.) New York: Teachers College Press.
[7] Kugamoorthy, S. (2017). School-Based Teacher Development: Opportunities and Challenges for Teachers in Jaffna District. Open University Research sessions-2017. P 61-66.
[8] Linda, D. (2005). Preparing Our Teachers for Teaching as a profession. Education Digest. 71, p 22-27.
[9] Nawastheen, F.M., Wanasinghe, W.M.S. and Seneviratne, P., (2017). A Study on PGDE Student-Teacher Efficacy Beliefs in the Sri Lankan Context. OUSL Journal, 12(1), pp.27–44. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/ouslj.v12i1.7360
[10] Silva, K.T., Sethunga, P., Jayasuriya, J., and Sugathapala, R.D. (2007). The Study on School-Based Teacher Development Programmes.Retrievedfrom http://arts.pdn.ac.lk/education/images/SBTD%20FINAL%20REPORT.pdf
[11] Yoon, K. S., Duncan, T., Lee, S. W. Y., Scarloss, B., and Shapley, K. (2007). Reviewing the evidence on how teacher professional development affects student achievement. Issues and Answers Report, REL2007-No.033. Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Educational Laboratory Southwest.
Sandamali Tennakoon, F. M. Nawastheen, “Teachers’ Awareness and Participation in the School-Based Teacher Development Programme in Mathugama Education Zone” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.242-245 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51117
Download PDF
Effects of Menstrual Hygiene Management on girls’ Academic Performance in selected secondary schools of Senanga District, Western Zambia
Mushinga Kapelwa Mooto – November 2021- Page No.: 246-251
This study defined academic performance as the ability of school going girls to execute class work and other related curricular tasks timely, exhaustively and satisfactorily after a successful learning and teaching experience.
It sought to bring out the difficulties that were faced by girls in Menstrual Hygiene Management through the effects Menstrual Hygiene Management has on girls’ participation in school and how supportive to Menstrual Hygiene Management the selected Secondary Schools were.
The study was a descriptive case study. It was qualitative in nature. Sample size was 48; 45 girls and 03 guidance and counseling teachers from 03 secondary schools. Simple random sampling was used with girls while extreme case sampling was used with Guidance and Counseling teachers. Data collection was done using questionnaires, interview guides and observation checklist.
From the point of view of the definition of academic performance used, the study concluded that MHM had negative effects on the academic performance of the girls. The difficulties brought about by inadequacies in facilities for MHM reduced attendance of the girls, impaired participation rendering the schools MHM unsupportive.
The study recommends that the schools access and adhere to the MHM National Guidelines to help reduce inequity arising from poor MHM and consequently improve the academic performance of the girls. Furthermore, the stakeholders are requested to explore the possibility of making the distribution of sanitary towels to school going girls a must. It further recommends that the making of reusable sanitary towels be taught to the learners as part of curricular and co-curricular engagement.
Page(s): 246-251 Date of Publication: 30 November 2021
Mushinga Kapelwa Mooto
Department of Education & Professional Studies, Mongu College of Education, Mongu, Zambia
[1] UNESCO Puberty Education and Menstrual Hygiene Management, UNESCO: Paris, 2014
[2] WHO and BZgA. Standards for Sexuality Education Europe: a Framework for Policy makers, educational and health authorities and specialists, Cologne, 2010, http://www.bzga-whocc.de/?uid=072bde22237db64297daf76b7cb998f0&id=Seite4486 (accessed 07.01.14).
[3] K. Jothy and S. Kalaiselvl, “Is menstrual hygiene and management an issue for the rural adolescent school girls?” Elixir International Journal, Vol. 44, 2013., Pp. 7223 – 7228
[4] S. McMahon, P. Caruso, B. Obure, A. Ogutu, E. Ochari and R. Rheingans, “The girl with her period is the one to hang her head: Reflections on menstrual management among schoolgirls in rural Kenya,” BMC International Health and Human Rights, Vol. 11 (7), 2011, Pp. 1 – 10.
[5] J. Goldman, “Responding to parental objections to school sexuality education: A Selection of 12 Objections,” Sex Education, Vol. 8, 2008, Pp. 415 – 438
[6] World Bank, Toolkit on Hygiene Sanitation & Water in Schools: Gender Roles and Impact, 2005. http://www.wsp.org/wsp/hygiene-sanitation-water-toolkit/index.html accessed 12.04.14
[7] M. Sommer, “Where the Education System and Women’s bodies Collide: The Social and Health Impact of Girls Experiences of Menstruation and Schooling in Tanzania,” Journal of Adolescence, Vol. 33 (4), 2009, Pp. 521 – 529
[8] N. Kristof & S. WuDuwunn, Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide, Knopf, 2009
[9] E. Oster & R. Thornton, “Menstruation, Sanitary Products and School Attendance: Evidence from Randomized Evaluation,” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2010, Pp. 1 – 13
[10] G. Nanda, J. Lupele, and J. Theraldson, “Menstrual Hygiene Management among School girls in Eastern Province of Zambia: Qualitative Research Final Report,” USAID/WASHplus, Washington, DC, 2016,
[11] Curriculum Development Center, Zambia Education Curriculum Framework 2013, Lusaka, CDC, 2013
[12] T. Crofts, “Will they Cotton on? An Investigation into Schools Girls Use of Low-cost Sanitary Pads in Uganda,” Unpublished MSc Dissertation, WEDC, Loughborough University, UK, 2010
[13] P. Montgomery, CR. Ryus, SC. Dolan, S. Dopson and L. M. Scott, “Sanitary Pad Interventions for Girls’ Education in Ghana: A Pilot Study,” PLoS One, Vol. 7 (10), 2012, Pp. 1 – 10
[14] S. Cavill, T. Mahon & S. House, Menstrual hygiene matters; a resource for improving menstrual hygiene around the world, N/A: WaterAid, 2012
[15] C. L. Travers, No one cares we’re bleeding: the place of menstrual management in humanitarian response, Unpublished Master degree thesis in International Humanitarian Action, Uppsala University, 2015.
[16] S. House, T. Mahon, and S. Cavil, Menstrual Hygiene Management Matters: A Resource for improving Menstrual Hygiene Management Around the World, 2013.
[17] A. C. Neilson, Sanitation Protection: Every Women’s Health Right, Plan, India, 2010
[18] A. Fehr, Stress, Menstruation and School Attendance: Effects of Water Access among Adolescent Girls in South Gandar, Ethiopia, Care, 2010,
[19] Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ), Menstrual Hygiene Management National Guidelines 2016, Ministry of Education, Lusaka, 2016
Mushinga Kapelwa Mooto “Effects of Menstrual Hygiene Management on girls’ Academic Performance in selected secondary schools of Senanga District, Western Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.246-251 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/246-251.pdf
Download PDF
Factors Associated with Adherence to Covid-19 Preventive Measures among Residents of Ojodu Local Council Development Area, Lagos State, Nigeria
Oduyoye, Omobola Oyebola, Chinenye-Julius, Augusta Ezinne, Oresegun, Adepeju Aderinsola, Adejumo, Oluwagbemiga Joshua- November 2021- Page No.: 252-258
Background: Considering the global spread of COVID-19 without a definite treatment, health authorities have designed non-pharmaceutical interventions to combat the spread of COVID-19. However, the community’s poor adherence towards the laid down COVID-19 preventive measures remain a major public health challenge. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures among residents of Ojodu Local Council Development Area, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Methodology: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The target population comprised of 422 apparently healthy male and female residents of Ojodu LCDA between 17 and 50 years. The research instrument used for this study was a structured, pretested questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS version 23.
Results: More than half of the respondents (64.7%) had good adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures, 56.2% had good knowledge about COVID-19 pandemic and 52.8% had favorable attitude towards COVID-19 preventive measures. Residents who had poor knowledge were 0.04 times less likely to adhere to COVID-19 preventive measures (AOR: 0.041; 95%CI: 0.022, 0.0.074) than those who had good knowledge while those who had unfavorable attitude towards COVID-19 preventive measures were 0.318 times less likely to adhere to COVID-19 preventive measures (AOR: 0.318; 95%CI: 0.180, 0.0.563).
Conclusion: Ojodu residents demonstrated good knowledge, favorable attitude, and good adherence towards COVID-19 preventive measures. Significant predictors of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures included knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 preventive measures. There is the need to beef up cogent measures by the government to ensure that the general population comply with the COVID-19 preventive measures and increase their knowledge regarding the reality of COVID-19 and its prevention guidelines.
Page(s): 252-258 Date of Publication: 01 December 2021
Oduyoye, Omobola Oyebola
Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Chinenye-Julius, Augusta Ezinne
Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Oresegun, Adepeju Aderinsola
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Adejumo, Oluwagbemiga Joshua
Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
[1] Abate, H., & Mekonnen, C.K. (2020). Knowledge, Attitude, and Precautionary Measures Towards COVID-19 Among Medical Visitors at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Northwest Ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance, 13, 4355–4366
[2] Azene, Z.N., Merid, M.W., Muluneh, A.G., Geberu, D.M., Kassa, G.M., Yenit, M.K.., et al. (2020). Adherence towards COVID-19 mitigation measures and its associated factors among Gondar City residents: A community-based cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 15(12): e0244265. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244265
[3] Banik, R., Rahman, M., Sikder, M.T., Rahman, Q.M., Pranta, M.R. (2021). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to the COVID-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi youth: a web-based cross-sectional analysis. Zeitschrift fur Gesundheitswissenschaften Journal of Public Health. DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01432-7.
[4] Bante, A., Mersha, A., Tesfaye, A., Tsegaye, B., Shibiru, S., Ayele, G., & Girma, M. (2021). Adherence with COVID-19 Preventive Measures and Associated Factors among Residents of Dirashe District, Southern Ethiopia. Patient Preference and Adherence, 15, 237–249
[5] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) Different COVID-19 Vaccines. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines.html
[6] Dubé, E., Laberge, C., Guay, M., Bramadat, P., Roy, R., Bettinger, J. (2013). Vaccine hesitancy: An overview. Human Vaccine Immuotherapy, 9: 1763-1773
[7] Erfani, A., Shahriarirad, R., Ranjbar, K., Mirahmadizadeh, A. & Moghadami, M. (2020). Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward the Novel Coronavirus (COVID 19) Outbreak: A Population-Based Survey in Iran. [Preprint]. Bulletin World Health Organization. E- pub. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.256651
[8] Furukawa, N.W., Brooks, J.T., Sobel, J. (2020). Evidence supporting transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 while presymptomatic or asymptomatic. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 26.
[9] Kakemam, E., Ghoddoosi-Nejad, D., Chegini, Z., et al. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the general population during COVID-19 outbreak in Iran: a national cross-sectional online survey. Frontiers Public Health, 8:8. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020. 585302
[10] Kayode, O.R., Babatunde, O.A., Adekunle, O., Igbalajobi, M., Abiodun, A.K. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Maximising the Extending Roles of Community Pharmacists in Nigeria in Driving Behavioural Changes in Public Health Interventions. Infectious Disease Epidemiology, 7(4): 205
[11] Khadka, S., Hashmi, F.K., Usman, M. (2020). Preventing COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries. Drugs and Therapy Perspectives, 13: 1-3
[12] Nigeria Center for Disease Control (2021). COVID-19: Taming the third wave amidst emergence of Delta variant in Nigeria, Weekly Epidemiological Report (Week 28: 12th – 18th July, 2021). NCDC, 12(28): 03/08/2021
[13] Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. IHR Implementation in Nigerian Law. Nigeria Centre for Disease Control; 2020. Available from: https://ncdc.gov.ng/themes/common/docs/protocols/116_1580654680.pdf
[14] Omoronyia, O., Ekpenyong, N., Ukweh, I., & Mpama, E. (2020). Knowledge and practice of COVID-19 prevention among community health workers in rural Cross River State, Nigeria: implications for disease control in Africa. Pan African Medical Journal, 37(50)
[15] Reuben, R.C., Danladi, M.M.A., Saleh, D.A., & Ejembi, P.E. (2020). Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards COVID‑19: An Epidemiological Survey in North‑Central Nigeria. Journal of Community Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-020-00881-1
[16] Roy, S. (2020). Low-income countries are more immune to COVID-19: A misconception. Indian Journal of Medical Science, 72(1), 5-7
[17] Sharma, A., Tiwari, S., Deb, M.K., Marty, J.L. (2020). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): a global pandemic and treatment strategies. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 56: 106054.
[18] World Health Organization (2020). COVID-19: Operational Guidance For Maintaining Essential Health Services During An Outbreak: Interim Guidance, 25 March 2020. World Health Organization, 2020
[19] World Health Organization (2021). Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic situation report. WHO, Geneva
[20] Zhong, B.L. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: A quick online cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 2020; 16:1745-1752.
Oduyoye, Omobola Oyebola, Chinenye-Julius, Augusta Ezinne, Oresegun, Adepeju Aderinsola, Adejumo, Oluwagbemiga Joshua, “Factors Associated with Adherence to Covid-19 Preventive Measures among Residents of Ojodu Local Council Development Area, Lagos State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.252-258 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/252-258.pdf
Download PDF
Status of Implementation of Physical Education in Primary Schools in Uasin Gishu County Kenya
Rose Atoni – November 2021- Page No.: 259-263
Physical education (PE) programs ensure that students continue to receive health and fitness and this can improve their academic proficiency. But, the implementation of PE is inhibited by many barriers key among them being teachers’ perception. Notably a PE teacher perception may play a role on how their attitudes, confidence and ultimately behavior towards PE implementation are shaped. This could result in regarding PE as a non-important activity that acts as a means of compensating for other academic work. This study sought to investigate the extent to which PE is being implemented in public primary schools,. The study was guided by the covariation model. The sample consisted of 13 public primary schools and 162 teachers. Cross-sectional descriptive survey design was employed to conduct the study. The research instruments used were questionnaire for the teachers, interview guide for the head teachers and PE panel chairperson and an observation checklist. Data collection was done by self administration of the questionnaire. Face to face Interviews for the head teachers and PE panel chairpersons were conducted at their convenient time and the researcher used the observation checklist to ascertain PE activities in schools. Quantitative data was coded and summarized into means, frequencies and percentages with the help of SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences). Qualitative data obtained from open-ended questions on the questionnaire, interview guide and observation checklist was summarized into themes as they emerged from the responses and presented in a narrative form. The study revealed that PE implementation is low in public primary schools, Recommendations made include: The Ministry of education through the QASO to device ways of visiting schools so as to advice and direct teachers on the methodologies to use so as to implement PE as prescribed in the syllabus, organize seminars and workshops for teachers at the county level so as to enable the teachers update their knowledge and skills on PE teaching. The Ministry of education and the curriculum developers should infuse in the primary school syllabus PE competitions and award the pupils who do well in these activities as well as promoting the teachers involved as this can influence the perception of teachers. The government should put up special schools meant to teach sports and other talents discovered in children.
Page(s): 259-263 Date of Publication: 01 December 2021
Rose Atoni
Department of Education, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa , Kenya
[1] Hardman, K., & Marshall. J.J. (2001). World – wide survey on the state and status of physical education in school (pp 15-36).In G.Doll-Tapper and D.Scoretz (eds)World Summit on Physical Education. Berlin: International Council for Sport Science and Physical Education.l.
[2] Jinhee, K., & Taggart, A. (2004). Teachers’ perception of the culture of physical education .Issues in Educational Research 14.
[3] Kinyanjui, L. (1997). Availability and utilization of instructional media resources. Published M.e.d dissertation: Kenyatta University.
[4] Kipngetich.K.E.J., & Too.K.J.(2012). Teaching physical education as a fundamental right.PHD dissertation: Moi University.
[5] Mafuniko, F. M. S. &Pangani, N .I.(2008). Physical Education in Tanzania secondary schools: Perceptions towards physical education as an academic Discipline. Journal of Internal Education Coopperation, 3, 51-61.
[6] Morgan, D. & Hansen, V. (2008). Classroom teachers’ Perception of the impact of barriers to teaching physical education on the quality of physical education programs. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79, 506 – 516.
[7] Mugenda, O. M. & Mugenda, A.G. (2003). Research Methods: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Nairobi: Acts press.
[8] Nyakweba, O. (2012). Status of PE in secondary schools in Butere division Kenya. Med.Kenyatta university.
[9] Petrie, K., Jones, A., & McKim, A. (2007). Effective professional learning in physical activity. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Education.
[10] Republic of Kenya (2002). Primary Education Syllabus Vol 2. Nairobi: Kenya Institute of Education.
[11] Sarah, A.W. (2007).The effect of professional development on physical education teachers ‘use of assessment in the classroom. PHD. dissertation Virginia polytechnic institute and state university; Blacksburg VA.
[12] Taylor, P. (2000). Physical education and sport in learning together: Directions for education in the Fiji Islands. Government printer Suva,Fiji.
[13] Tembo, J.M. (2002). A physical education curriculum plan for Malawi. PHD dissertation Viginia Polytechnic institute and state university, Malawi.
[14] Xiang, P., Lowy, S., & McBride, R. (2002). The impact of a field based elementary physical education methods course on pre-service classroom teachers’ belief. Journal of teaching in physical education, 21,145-161.
Rose Atoni, “Status of Implementation of Physical Education in Primary Schools in Uasin Gishu County Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.259-263 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/259-263.pdf
Download PDF
Quality of Work-Life and Happiness at Work towards Job Satisfaction Mediated by Organizational Commitment at Pt. North Sumatra Plantations
Shania Nabila Br. Simamora, Winda Ardiani, Sopi Pentana- November 2021- Page No.: 264-269
The purpose of his research seeks to analyze the effect of quality of work life and happiness at work on job satisfaction mediated by organizational commitment at PT. Perkebunan Sumatera Utara. This associative research employed a quantitative approach method, using a questionnaire as a means of collecting data. The data were then analyzed with the help of SPSS version 26 software.
The research population consisted of the employees at PT. Perkebunan Sumatera Utara. totaling 180 people. The Slovin formula method was used sampling technique, obtaining 124 people as research samples. The data analysis techniques used to answer the research hypothesis included Sobel test. The research results revealed that the variables of quality of work life and happiness at work have a positive and significant effect towards job satisfaction. Quality of work life and happiness at work have a positive and significant effect towards job satisfaction mediated by organizational commitment at PT. Perkebunan Sumatera Utara.
Page(s): 264-269 Date of Publication: 02 December 2021
Shania Nabila Br. Simamora
Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Harapan, Medan, Indonesia
Winda Ardiani
Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Harapan, Medan, Indonesia
Sopi Pentana
Faculty of Economic and Business, Universitas Harapan, Medan, Indonesia
[1] Anggraini, R. (2018). Hubungan kepuasan kerja terhadap kebahagiaan di tempat kerja pada karyawan PT pos indonesia pekanbaru. Psychopolytan (Jurnal Psikologi), 2(1), 28-35.
[2] Arifin, A. R. (2020). The mediating role of organizational commitment: A supply chain management for examining the effect of quality of work life and job satisfaction on employee performance. International Journal of Supply Chain Management, 9(4), 255-256.
[3] Bataineh, K. (2019). Impact of Work-Life Balance, Happiness at Work, on Employee Performance. International business research, 12(2), 99-112.
[4] Fitrio, T. A. (2019). The Effect of Job Satisfaction to Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Mediated by Organizational Commitment. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, 7(09), 1300-1311.
[5] Hamidi, J. A. (2016). PENGARUH KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA DAN KINERJA GURU TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA GURU SMA NEGERI DI KOTA MATARAM. jurnal ilmiah profesi penddikan, 1, 186-197.
[6] Khoiri, M. (2017). PENGARUH KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA DAN SIKAP KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA GURU SMA NEGERI KECAMATAN JEKAN RAYA KOTA PALANGKA RAYA. JURNAL PENDIDIKAN, HUKUM, DAN BISNIS, 2(2), 74-86.
[7] Mustofa, A. P. (2020). Hubungan Antara Kebahagiaan Di Tempat Kerja Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Pada Perawat Bagian Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. empati, 8(4), 11-17.
[8] Nurul, C. R. (2019). Pengaruh Kualitas Kehidupan Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Pada PT. Djarum Kudus). Journal of Management, 8(3), 128-137.
[9] Pramudena, S. H. (2019). The effect of quality of worklife and job satisfaction on organizational commitment. The Management Journal of Binaniaga, 4(1), 23-36.
[10] Ramadhoan. (2015). KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL ANTARA (INTERVENING VARIABEL). ekonomi pembangunan, 13, 199-217.
[11] Robbie, R. (2020). Dampak Emotional Intelligent Dan Happiness At Work Dalam Membentuk Komitmen Organisasional. manajemen dan kewirausahaan, 5(2), 164-175.
[12] Sarianti, R. M. (2017). PENGARUH KEADILAN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN YANG DIMEDIASI OLEH KOMITMEN ORGANISASI. Jurnal Kajian Manajemen Bisnis, 6(2), 105-117.
[13] Stankevičiūtė, Ž. S. (2021). The impact of job insecurity on employee happiness at work: A case of robotised production line operators in furniture industry in Lithuania. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(3), 1-20.
[14] Swapma, M. (2015). Quality of work life metrics as a predictor of job satisfaction and organizational commitment: A study with special reference to information technology industry. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3), 170-176.
[15] Tjiabrata, W. L. (2021). KEBAHAGIAAN DI TEMPAT KERJA TERHADAP KETERIKATAN KARYAWAN PADA PT PLN ( PERSERO ) UP3 MANADO THE EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE , QUALITY OF WORK LIFE AND WORK PLACE HAPPINESS ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AT PT PLN ( PERSERO ) UP3 MANADO Oleh : Jurnal EMBA Vo. EMBA, 9(2), 458-468.
[16] Wahyuni S (2020). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Pada PT Integra Trustindo Utama Pekanbaru.
Shania Nabila Br. Simamora, Winda Ardiani, Sopi Pentana, “Quality of Work-Life and Happiness at Work towards Job Satisfaction Mediated by Organizational Commitment at Pt. North Sumatra Plantations” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.264-269 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/264-269.pdf
Download PDF
Laparoscopic myomectomy: A retrospective analysis of 432 cases
Madhuka Rajakaruna, Dhammike Silva, Supun Adeesha, Rukshani Edirisinghe- November 2021- Page No.: 270-274
Method: This is a retrospective study to analyzed data from 432 women who had undergone laparoscopic myomectomy at Colombo south teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka during the period of 10 years
Results: Mean age of the population was 35.5 years (SD 6.083) and majority were nulliparous (67%). Single fibroid found in 168 patients (38.9%) , fibroids 2-4 found in 199 patients (46.1%) and fibroids 5-10 found in 65 patients (15%). Mean blood loss was 159.4 +/- 68.03 ml while mean operative time was 124 +/- 49.6 minutes. Mean operative time is 92.23 minute for fibroid size less than 8cm vs 178.9 minute for fibroid more than 12cm. Mean blood is 115.25ml for fibroid less than 8cm vs 238.27ml for fibroid size more than 12cm. Mean operative time and blood loss are increased with posterior wall and broad ligament fibroids . However it is not statistically significant ( P Value 0.006 and 0.008 respectively) . Prolonged operative time did not impact on surgical out comes in terms of hospital stay and blood transfusion.
Conclusion: In experienced and expert hand, laparoscopic myomectomy is a safer procedure with good surgical out comes and low complication rate. Operative time and blood loss mainly associated with size of largest fibroid and number of fibroids. Open myomectomy may be benefit for number of fibroids > 10 when considering completeness of surgery. Hand morcellation through suprapubic port is a safe and effective method of specimen retrieval in laparoscopic myomectomy.
Page(s): 270-274 Date of Publication: 01 December 2021
Madhuka Rajakaruna
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Dhammike Silva
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Supun Adeesha
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Rukshani Edirisinghe
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
[1] Baird DD, Dunson DB, Hill MC, Cousins D, Schectman JM (2003) High cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyoma in black and white women: ultrasound evidence. Am J Obstet Gynecol 188(1):100–107.
[2] Walid MS, Heaton RL. Laparoscopic extirpation of a 3-kg uterus. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2009; 279:607–608.
[3] Paul GP, Naik SA, Madhu KN, Thomas T (2010) Complications of laparoscopic myomectomy: a single surgeon’s series of 1001 cases. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 50(4):385–390.
[4] Sami Walid M, Heaton RL (2011) The role of laparoscopic myomectomy in the management of uterine fibroids. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 23(4):273–277.
[5] Litta P, Fantinato S, Calonaci F, Cosmi E, Filippeschi M, Zerbetto I et al (2010) A randomized controlled study comparing harmonic versus electrosurgery in laparoscopic myomectomy. Fertil Steril 94(5):1882–1886.
[6] Dubuisso JB, Fauconnier A, Babaki-Fard K, Chapron C (2000) Laparoscopic myomectomy: a current view. Hum Reprod Update 6(6):588–594.
[7] Glasser MH (2005) Mini laparotomy myomectomy: a minimally invasive alternative for the large fibroid uterus. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 12(3):275–283.
[8] Dubuisson JB, Fauconnier A, Chapron C, Kreiker G, Nörgaard C (1998) Second look after laparoscopic myomectomy. Hum Reprod 13(8):2102–2106
[9] Bulletti C, Polli V, Negrini V, Giacomucci E, Flamigni C (1996) Adhesion formation after laparoscopic myomectomy. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 3(4):533–536
[10] Jin C, Hu Y, Chen XC, Zheng FY, Lin F, Zhou K et al (2009) Laparoscopic versus open myomectomy–a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 145(1):14–21
[11] Sizzi O, Rossetti A, Malzoni M, Minelli L, La Grotta F, Soranna L et al (2007) Italian multicenter study on complications of laparoscopic myomectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 14(4):453–462
[12] L andi S, Zaccoletti R, Ferrari L, Minelli L (2001) Laparoscopic myomectomy: technique, complications, and ultrasound scan evaluations. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 8(2):231–240
[13] Falcone T, Parker WH (2013) Surgical management of leiomyomas for fertility or uterine preservation. Obstet Gynecol 121(4):856–868
[14] Kho KA, Nezhat C (2009) Parasitic myomas. Obstet Gynecol 114(3):611–615
[15] Mais V, Ajossa S, Guerriero S, Mascia M, Solla E, Melis GB (1996) Laparoscopic versus abdominal myomectomy: a prospective, randomized trial to evaluate benefits in early outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 174(2):654–658
[16] Saccardi C, Conte L, Fabris A, De Marchi F, Borghero A, Gizzo S et al (2014) Hysteroscopic enucleation in toto of submucous type 2 myomas: long-term follow-up in women affected by menorrhagia.J Minim Invasive Gynecol 21(3):426–430
[17] L itta P, Conte L, De Marchi F, Saccardi C, Angioni S (2014) Pregnancy outcome after hysteroscopic myomectomy. Gynecol Endocrinol 30(2):149–152
[18] Dubuisson J-B, Chapron C, Levy L (1996) Difficulties and complications of laparoscopic myomectomy. J Gynecol Surg 12(3):159–165
[19] Bean EMR, Cutner A, Holland T, Vashisht A, Jurkovic D, Saridogan E (2017) Laparoscopic myomectomy: a single-center retrospective review of 514 patients. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 24(3):485–493
[20] Sinha R, Hegde A, Mahajan C, Dubey N, Sundaram M (2008) Laparoscopic myomectomy: do size, number, and location of the myomas form limiting factors for laparoscopic myomectomy? J Minim Invasive Gynecol 15(3):292–300
[21] Sandberg EM, Cohen SL, Jansen FW, Einarsson JI (2016) Analysis of risk factors for intraoperative conversion of laparoscopic myomectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 23(3):352–357
[22] Ribeiro SC, Reich H, Rosenberg J, Guglielminetti E, Vidali A (1999) Laparoscopic myomectomy and pregnancy outcome in infertile patients. Fertil Steril 71(3):571–574
[23] Marret H, Chevillot M, Giraudeau B (2006) Factors influencing laparoconversions during the learning curve of laparoscopic myomectomy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 85(3):324–329
[24] Seracchioli R, Rossi S, Govoni F, Rossi E, Venturoli S, Bulletti C et al (2000) Fertility and obstetric outcome after laparoscopic myomectomy of large myomata: a randomized comparison with abdominal myomectomy. Hum Reprod 15(12):2663–2668
[25] FDA. UPDATED Laparoscopic uterine power morcellation in hysterectomy and myomectomy: FDA safety communication (https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/ 20161023125535/, http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/ PressAnnouncements/ucm393689.htm). Accessed 1 Jan 2017
Madhuka Rajakaruna, Dhammike Silva, Supun Adeesha, Rukshani Edirisinghe, “Laparoscopic myomectomy: A retrospective analysis of 432 cases” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.270-274 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51118
Download PDF
A Pilot Study on the Mediating Effect of Job Embeddednesss on the Relationship between Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment
Musa, Leah, Garba, Bala Bello, Aliyu, Muktar Daneji – November 2021- Page No.: 275-281
The purpose of this paper is to examine a few sample data on the impact of quality of work life on organizational commitment with the mediating effect of job embeddedness in higher institutions of learning in Taraba State, Nigeria. A survey research was conducted with some questionnaire distributed. Thus, content and face validity, reliability and data normality are considered, after analyzing the data some items that correlated low with other items were deleted, in whichthe reliability of the scale is improved. The result showed that the Cronbach’s Alpha is above the minimum threshold,It is therefore concluded that the items are reliable for future research and it is recommended that the items can be used for future studies.
Page(s): 275-281 Date of Publication: 01 December 2021
Musa, Leah
Department of Business Administration Federal University, Wukari, Nigeria
Garba, Bala Bello
Department of Business Administration and Entrepreneurship Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
Aliyu, Muktar Daneji
Department of Business Administration and Entrepreneurship Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
[1] Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990).The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization.Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
[2] Babalola, M. T., Stouten, J., &Euwema, M. (2016). Frequent change and turnover intention: The moderating role of ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 134(2), 311–322. doi:10.1007/s10551-014-2433-z
[3] Barlett M.S. (1954). A note on the multiplying factors for various Chi Square Approximations. Journal of the royal statistical society, 16 (1) 296-298
[4] Cadete, L. (2017). What is a pilot study? Tutorials and Fundamentals.https://s4be.cochrane.org/blog/2017/07/31/pilot-studies/
[5] Cesario, F., & Chambel, M. J. (2017). Linking organizational commitment and work engagement to employee performance. Knowledge and Process Management, 24(2), 152-158. doi:10.1002/kpm.1542.
[6] Da Silva, L. P., Castro, M. A. R., Dos-Santos, M., &Neto, P. J. d. L. (2018).Commitment to work and its relationship with organizational culture mediated by satisfaction.RevistaBrasileira De Gestão De Negócios, 20(3), 401-420. doi:10.7819/rbgn.v20i3.3947
[7] Dechawatanapaisal, D. (2018). Examining the relationships between HR practices, organizational job embeddedness, job satisfaction, and quit intention. Asia – Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 10(2), 130-148. doi:10.1108/APJBA-11-2017-0114
[8] Eberman, L., Mazerolle, S. M., Eason, C. M. (2019). Formal and informal work-life balance practices of athletic trainers in collegiate and university settings. Journal of Athletic Training, 54(5), 556–561.
[9] Faloye, D. O. (2014). Organizational Commitment And Turnover Intentions: Evidence From Nigerian Paramilitary Organization. International Journal Of Business & Economic Development, 2(3), 23-34.
[10] Fontinha, R., Easton, S., Van Laar, D. (2019). Overtime and quality of working life in academics and nonacademics: The role of perceived work-life balance. International Journal of Stress Management, 26(2), 173.
[11] Gorondutse, A. H.(2012) The Influence of Business Social Responsibility (BSR) on Organizational Performances: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Business and Management Tomorrow Vol. 2 No. 12
[12] Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., &Sarstedt, M. (2014). A Primer on Partial Least squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Los Angeles: USA: SAGE
[13] Heymann, M. (2010).The impact of demographics on voluntary labour turnover in South
Africa.Unpublished MBA dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
[14] Holtom, B. C., Mitchell, T. R., & Lee, T. W. (2006).Increasing human and social capital by applying job embeddednesstheory.Organizational Dynamics, 35(4), 316-331.
[15] Igbaekemen, G. O. &Idowu, O. A. (2014). Impact Of Organizational Commitment On mployees Productivity: A Case Study Of Nigeria Brewery, Plc. International Journal Of Research In Business Management. 2 (9) 107- 122
[16] Jonathan, P. (2019). Effective Strategies to Increase Employee Commitment and Reduce Employee Turnover.Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection. Walden University Scholar Works.
[17] Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity.Psychometrika, 39 (1) 31 -36.
[18] Kwahar, N., &Iyortsuun, A.S. (2018).Determining the Underlying Dimensions of Quality of Work Life (QWL) in the Nigerian Hotel Industry.Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 6(1), 53-70. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2018.060103
[19] Latham, G. P., Borgogni, L., &Petitta, L. 2018. Goal setting and performance management in the public sector.Interna-tional Public Management Journal 11(4): 385-403.
[20] Lee, T. W., Mitchell, T. R., Sablynski, C. J., Burton, J. P., &Holtom, B. C. (2004). The effects of job embeddedness on organizational citizenship, job performance, volitional absences, and voluntary turnover.Academy of Management Journal, 47(5), 711-722.
[21] Lowe, K. N. (2019). What is a pilot study? Editorial.AWHONN, the Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses.
Published by Elsevier Inc.JOGNN, 48, 117–118; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2019.01.005
[22] Malhotra, N.K. (2008). Essentials of marketing: An applied orientation (2nd ed.). Australia: Pearson Education
[23] Mallol, C.M., Holtom, B.C., & Lee, T.W. (2007). Job Embeddedness in a Culturally Diverse Environment, Journal of Business Psychology 22 (1) 35–44 DOI 10.1007/s10869- 007-9045
[24] March, J. G., & Simon, H. A. (1958).Organizations: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
[25] Mehdi, J. A. Z.,Sharif, M. T., & Khan I. A. (2021). Increasing Employee Organizational Commitment by Correlating Goal Setting, Employee Engagement and Optimism at Workplace.European Journal of Business and Management. 4 (2) 71-77
[26] Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., & Lee, T. W. (2001). How to keep your best employees: Developing an effective retention policy. Academy of Management Executive, 15(4), 96-109.
[27] Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., Lee, T. W., Sablynski, C. J., &Erez, M. (2001). Why people stay: Using job embeddedness to predict voluntary turnover. The Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1102-1121.
[28] Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc
[29] Oludayo, O.A., Falola, H.O., Ahaka, O. &Fatogun, D. (2018).Work-life balance initiative as a predictorof employees’ behavioural outcomes. Academic of Strategic Management Journal, 17(1), 1-17
[30] Owolabi, A. B. (2018). Impact of Organisational Culture and Leadership Style on Quality of Work-Life among Employees in Nigeria.African Journal for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, 18(1), 109-121.
[31] Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadel-
phia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
[32] Rusdiyanto, J. (2020). Gaining Leader–Employee Commitment: Linking to Organization Performance in Women Cooperative.Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 115 (1) 266-268
[33] Singh, A., & Gupta, B. (2015). Job Involvement, Organizational Commitment, Professional Commitment, And Team Commitment. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 22(6), 1192-1211. Doi:10.1108/BIJ-01-2014-0007
[34] Sirgy, J.M., Efraty, D., Siegel, P., & Lee, D. (2001). A new Measure of Quality of Work Life (QWL) Based on Need Satisfaction and Spillover Theories. Social Indicators Research, 55(3), 241-302.
[35] Tabachnick, B.G. &Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education Inc
[36] Thurstone, L. L. (1947). Multiple-factor analysis; a development and expansion of The Vectors mind. University of Chicago Press
[37] Yousef, D.A. (2017) Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Attitudes toward Organizational Change: A Study in the Local Government, International Journal of Public Administration, 40:1, 77-88, DOI: 10.1080/01900692.2015.1072217
[38] Zhang, M., Fried, D. D., &Griffeth, R. W. (2012). A review of job embeddedness: Conceptual, measurement issues, and directions for future research. Human Resource Management Review, 22(3), 220–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2012.02.004
Musa, Leah, Garba, Bala Bello, Aliyu, Muktar Daneji, “A Pilot Study on the Mediating Effect of Job Embeddednesss on the Relationship between Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.275-281 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51119
Download PDF
Effect of Control Environment on the Management of Public Funds in Busia County, Kenya
Oluoch Mariwa Francis, Dr. Ng’ang’a – November 2021- Page No.: 282-287
Organizations establish systems of internal control to help them achieve performance and organizational goals, prevent loss of resources, enable production of reliable reports and ensure compliance with laws and regulations. Despite the commendable progress, limited funding from the national government is constraining the ability of the County governments to fulfill their mandate. According to annual County Government Budget report of 2019 lack of proper accounting systems and poor county-level oversight has consistently encouraged abuse of the allocated public funds, delaying the quality of service and the county governments’ overall performance. This study investigated the effect of control environment on the management of public funds in Busia County, Kenya. This study employed a descriptive research design. The target population for this study was the County government of Busia. A total of 54 respondents participated in the study comprising of 10 finance officers and 44 support staff from the department of accounting and finance of the County. A census of 54 respondents was carried out. The study used primary data that was collected using questionnaires. Questionnaires were piloted to 5 respondents to assess the validity and reliability of the research instruments. In addition to that these respondents were not included in the final data collection process. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and presented in form of tables and figures where applicable. The study further carried out inferential statistics that included correlation analysis and multiple regressions to determine the relationship between variables. The study found that control environment, control activities, internal audit and risk assessment had a positive and significant relationship with the management of public funds in Busia County, Kenya. The study concludes that the degree to which people know that they will be held accountable has a big impact on the control environment and control environment in the County are carried out with the help of accountability. The study recommends that the County should create effective control environment so that it may improve its efficiency in delivering value and meeting its strategic goals.
Page(s): 282-287 Date of Publication: 01 December 2021
Oluoch Mariwa Francis
Department of Accounting and Finance, School of Business, Kenyatta University, Kenya
Dr. Ng’ang’a
Department of Accounting and Finance, School of Business, Kenyatta University, Kenya
Books:
[1] Ahmed, S. O., & Nganga, P. (2019). Internal Control Practices and Financial Performance of County Governments in the Coastal Region of Kenya. International Journal of Current Aspects, 3(V), 28-41.
[2] Al-Hawatmeh, O. M., & Al-Hawatmeh, Z. M. (2016). Evaluation of Internal Control Units for the Effectiveness of Financial Control in Administrative Government Units: A Field Study in Jordan. European Scientific Journal, 12(13), 123 – 131
[3] Aramide, S. F., & Bashir, M. M. (2015). The effectiveness of internal control system and financial accountability at Local Government level in Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Business Management, 3(8), 1 – 6.
[4] Aziz, M., Said, J., & Alam, M. (2015). Assessment of the practices of internal control system in the public sectors of Malaysia. Aziz, MAA, Said, J., and Alam, MM, 4(1), 43 – 62.
[5] Babatunde, M. A., & Olaniran, O. (2017). The effects of internal and external mechanism on governance and performance of corporate firms in Nigeria. Corporate ownership & control, 7(2), 330 – 344
[6] Berger, T. L., & Luckmann, T. (2011). The social construction of reality: A treatise on the sociology of knowledge. Harmondsworth, UK: Pengui
[7] Cheruiyot, M. P., Namusonge, G. S., & Sakwa, M. (2018). Influence of Internal Control Practices on Performance of County Governments in Kenya. International Journal of Social Sciences and Information Technology, 4(8), 224-234.
[8] Cheruiyot, P. M., Oketch, J. R., Namusonge, G.S. & Sakwa, M. (2017). Effects of Public Financial Management Practices on Performance in Kericho County Government, Kenya: A critical Review. International Journal of Education and Research, 5 (12), 211-224
[9] Dumicic, M. (2016). Financial Stability Indicators–The Case of Croatia. Journal of central banking theory and practice, 5(1), 113-140
[10] Edmonds, C. T., Edmonds, J. E., Vermeer, B. Y., & Vermeer, T. E. (2017). Does timeliness of financial information matter in the governmental sector? Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 36(2), 163 – 176
[11] Eton, M., Murezi, C., Fabian, M., & Benard, P. O. (2018). Internal control systems and financial accountability in Uganda: A case of selected districts in western Uganda. (Master’s Project, Kabale University)
[12] Feiveson, L. (2015). General revenue sharing and public sector unions. Journal of Public Economics, 125, 28-45
[13] Ghneimat, E. K. (2017). Factors affecting the effectiveness of internal control systems in the Jordanian ministries. The magazine of Jordan in Business Administration, 7(4), 414 – 423
[14] Ishola, S. A., Abikoye, O. A., & Olajide, R. A. (2015). Effect of Internal Control System in Nigeria Public Sectors: A Case Study of Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(6), 1093 – 1105
[15] Kinyua, J. B. (2016). Determinants of Capital Structure of Agricultural Firms in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi)
[16] Kromidha, E., & Cordoba-Pachon, J. R. (2017). Discursive Institutionalism for reconciling change and stability in digital innovation public sector projects for development. Government Information Quarterly, 34(1), 16-25
[17] Lerno, D. L. (2016). Relationship between internal controls and performance of county government in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
[18] Makgatho, K. E. (2013). Effectiveness of internal control mechanisms in monitoring financial resources at the Gauteng Department of Education (Doctoral dissertation, North-West University).
[19] Mawanda, S. P. (2018). Effects of internal control systems on financial performance in an institution of higher learning in Uganda, (Master’s Project, Kampala University)
[20] Meyer, H. D., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutional analysis and the study of education. The new institutionalism in education, 1(2), 1-13
[21] Muhunyo, B. M., & Jagongo, A. O. (2018). Effect of internal control systems on financial performance of public institutions of higher learning in Nairobi City County, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, Doctoral dissertation, Kenyatta University).
[22] Omar, F. S., & Yussuf, S. (2020). Effect of Control Environment on the Financial Performance of Higher Learning Public Institutions in Zanzibar. International Journal of Scientific and Technical Research in Engineering (IJSTRE), 6(3), 18 – 25
[23] Oppong, S., Arora, R., Sachs, P., & Seidu, M. (2016). Appraisal of corporate governance in a lower middle income country: The case of Ghana. Accounting, 2(1), 37 – 44.
[24] Othman, R., Aris, N. A., Mardziyah, A., Zainan, N., & Amin, N. M. (2015). Fraud Detection and Prevention Methods in the Malaysian Public Sector: Accountants’ and Internal Auditors’ Perceptions. Procedia Economics and Finance, 28, 59 – 67
[25] Oyaro, O., & Angwenyi, O. (2016). Internal Control and Revenue Fund management among County governments in Kenya. International journal of Accounting, 1(3), 5 – 12
[26] Piper J. A. (2015). Determinant of Financial Control Systems, for Multiple, Retailers – some Case Study Evidence. Managerial Finance, 6(1), 53 – 63
[27] Rizaldi, A. (2015). Control environment analysis at government internal control system: Indonesia case. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 844-850.
[28] Said, J., Alam, M., Ramli, M., & Rafidi, M. (2017). Integrating ethical values into fraud triangle theory in assessing employee fraud: Evidence from the Malaysian banking industry. Journal of International Studies, 10(2), 23 – 36
[29] Tarmuji, I., Maelah, R., & Tarmuji, N. H. (2016). The impact of environmental, social and governance practices (ESG) on economic performance: Evidence from ESG score. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 7(3), 67 – 76
[30] Wabwire, M. I., & Bogonko, J. B. (2019). Effect of Internal Controls on Public Finance Management of Busia County Government, Kenya. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 6(6), 65 – 81
Oluoch Mariwa Francis, Dr. Ng’ang’a “Effect of Control Environment on the Management of Public Funds in Busia County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.282-287 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/282-287.pdf
Download PDF
Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Pregnant Women Attending a Selected Ante-Natal Care Clinic towards Gestational Hypertension in Lagos State, Nigeria
Oduyoye, Omobola Oyebola, Chukwura, Arinze Michael, Chinenye-Julius, Augusta Ezinne, Oresegun, Adepeju Aderinsola – November 2021- Page No.: 288-294
Introduction
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality. PIH affects about 6 – 10% of pregnancies around the world, however, hypertension and proteinuria which exist in preeclampsia are present in 2-8% of all pregnancies. High maternal mortality rate can be linked to inadequate knowledge, negative attitude and poor perception on gestational hypertension in pregnancy among pregnant women. This study determined the knowledge, attitudes and perception of pregnant women towards gestational hypertension in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos state.
Methodology
This study employed a descriptive cross sectional study design. A total sampling technique was used to select 160 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos State. The Instrument for this study was a structured researcher administered questionnaire which was divided into 5 sections. Data were coded and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 22). Data was analyzed to give descriptive statistics (percentage and frequencies) and inferential statistics (correlation analysis). The level of significance used was 0.05.
Result
About (50.6%) of the respondents were between the ages of 21-25 years, 63.1% had secondary education while 75.6% were married. Almost half (48.8%) were civil servants while majority (75.6%) earned more than ₦20,000. Most (75.0%) of the respondents had good level of knowledge on gestational hypertension and (54.4%) had poor attitude towards prevention of gestational hypertension. More also, more than half of the respondents (55.0%) had good perception towards prevention of gestational hypertension. Furthermore, hypothesis result showed a significant correlation between history of gestational hypertension and predisposing factors (Knowledge r = 0.963, p = 0.000), (Attitude r = 0.327, p = 0.000). and (perception r = -0.199, p = 0.012).
Conclusion
Gestational hypertension in pregnancy has remained as one of the world’s most important health problem. Pregnancy is one of the most important periods of a woman, a family and a society. However, complications during pregnancy especially hypertension have negative effect on the woman and child birth which is the leading cause of death among women of reproductive age.
Page(s): 288-294 Date of Publication: 02 December 2021
Oduyoye, Omobola Oyebola
Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Chukwura, Arinze Michael
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Chinenye-Julius, Augusta Ezinne
Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilisan Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Oresegun, Adepeju Aderinsola
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
[1] Abou Zahr C, Guilotti R.(1998) Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: In health dimension of sex and reproduction, the global burden of sexually transmitted diseases, maternal conditions, perinatal disorder and congenital anomalies. Geneva: WHO.
[2] Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries (2011). Saving mothers’lives: Reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006–2008. The Eighth Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 118(1): 1–203
[3] Department of Health (2007). Guidelines for Maternity Care in South Africa. A Manual for Clinics, Community Health Centres and District Hospitals. Pretoria: Government Printer
[4] Ebeigbe PN, Aziken M E. Early onset pregnancy-induced hypertension/eclampsia in Benin City, Nigeria J Clin Pract 2010;13:388-93
[5] Finlayson, K., & Downe, S. (2013). Why Do Women Not Use Antenatal Services in Lowand Middle-Income Countries? A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Studies. PLoS Med, 10(1), e1001373
[6] Kintiraki E, Papakatsika S, Kotronis G, Goulis DG, Kotsis V (2015). Pregnancy-Induced hypertension. Hormones 14(2):211-223.
[7] Leeman L, Dresang LT, Fontaine P. (2016). Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. American Family Physician.;93:121-12.
[8] Moodley J, Molefe N (2007). Saving Mothers, Fourth Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in South Africa. Pretoria: Government Printers
[9] Olusanya BO, Solanke OA. (2012). Perinatal outcomes associated maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in a developing country. Hypertension Pregnancy J.;31:120-30
[10] Osungbade KO, Ige OK (2011). Public health perspectives of preeclampsia in developing countries: implication for health system strengthening. Journal of Pregnancy 481095.
[11] Oyira EJ, Mgbekun MA, Edem OA. (2009) Knowledge, attitude and preventive practices towards pregnancy induced hypertension among pregnant women in Nigeria. Pakistan J of Social Science.;6:1-5
[12] Poon LC, Kametas NA, Chemelen T, Leal A, Nicolaides KA (2010). Maternal risk factors for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: A multivariate approach. Journal of Human Hypertension, 24: 104-110.
[13] Rehana R, Tanveer S, Nasreen RF (2006). An analysis of direct causes of maternal mortality. Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute, 2(1): 86-91
[14] Sellers P (2010). Midwifery Volume 2. Lansdowne: Juta & Co.
[15] Singh V, Srivastava M (2015). Associated risk factors with pregnancy-induced hypertension: A hospitalbased KAP study. International Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 5: 59-62.
[16] Solomon CG, Seely EW (2011). Hypertension in pregnancy. Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am. 10(8):120-125.
[17] Steegers EA, von Dadelszen P, Duvekot JJ, Pijnenborg R (2010). Preeclampsia. Lancet 376(9741):631-644.
[18] Suzuki Y, Matsuura A, Yamamoto T (2015). Management of pregnancy induced hypertension. Nihon Rinsho. Japanese J. Clin. Med. 73(11):1897-1903.
Oduyoye, Omobola Oyebola, Chukwura, Arinze Michael, Chinenye-Julius, Augusta Ezinne, Oresegun, Adepeju Aderinsola, “Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Pregnant Women Attending a Selected Ante-Natal Care Clinic towards Gestational Hypertension in Lagos State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.288-294 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/288-294.pdf
Download PDF
Peer Reviewing of Electronic Examinations In Tertiary Institutions: Is It Being Done? A Case Study of Selected Three Higher Education Institutions- Lusaka, Zambia
Patricia Mambwe, Jordan Tembo – November 2021- Page No.: 295-299
Peer reviewing of examinations at assessment design stage is a sustainable approach for quality. The objective of peer reviewing is to identify deficiencies which can potentially adulterate the validity, reliability and integrity of assessments. Before COVID-19 pandemic, higher learning institutions in Zambia, using the traditional paper-based examinations, provided flowing evidence of peer reviewing of examinations. The objective of this study was to find out whether universities peer reviewed electronic examinations. This study was conducted between May and August, 2021. 15 participants were purposively sampled from 2 private universities and 1 public university in Zambia. Using the single- interview per participant data collection method, this study found that peer reviewing of electronic examinations was not being done in all the 3 institutions of higher learning- no independent review for spelling deficiencies, poor wording, unclear verbs, confusing sentence structure, unbalanced number of questions testing students’ level of cognition, repetitions and other deficiencies that compromise reliability, validity and integrity of assessments was done before examinations were administered to students. This study recommends that Higher Education Authority (HEA) develop assessment standard guidelines for setting and moderating examinations for universities and other tertiary institutions. The study also recommends mandatory Professional Development conferences and seminars on peer review techniques of online exams for all academic staff in universities and other learning institutions.
Page(s): 295-299 Date of Publication: 02 December 2021
Patricia Mambwe
Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Rusangu University, Monze, Zambia
Jordan Tembo
Kalindawalo General Hospitals, P.O.Box 560008, Petauke, Zambia
[1] Australian Learning and Teaching Council (2012a). Assessment Moderation Toolkit. Melbourne, Australia. Retrieved from http://resource.unisa.edu.au/course/view.php?id=285&topic=1.
[2] Australian Learning and Teaching Council (2021). Good practices in moderation of assessment in transnational education. Melbourne, Australia: Retrieved from http://resource.unisa.edu.au/course/view.php?id=285&topic=1.
[3] Adedoyin, O. (2013). Public examinations and its influence on the Botswana educational system: Views of undergraduate education students at the University of Botswana. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(2).
[4] Bunyi, G. W. (2013). The quest for quality education: the case of curriculum innovations in Kenya. European Journal of Training and Development 37 (7).
[5] Chalchisa, D. (2014). Practices of Assessing Graduate Students’ Learning Outcomes in Selected Ethiopian Higher Education Institutions . Journal of International Co-operation in Education DOI: 10:15027/36172 https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Practices-of-Assessing-Graduate-Students%27-Learning-Chalchisa/1798a17de4622ef887acdaf9ea42fdbb40d497ca.
[6] Clements, M. D., & Cord, B. A. (2013). Assessment guiding learning: developing graduate qualities in an experiential learning programme. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 38(1), 114–124. Accessed from https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1001&context=buspapers@ 15:43 hours on 5/8/2021
[7] Dancik, B (1991) Importance of Peer Review, The Serials Librarian, 19:3-4, 91-94, DOI: 10.1300/J123v19n03_11
[8] Domeniter, N. K., Adhiambo, J. M., Mwalw’a, S. M., & Waweru, J. C.(2018). EFFECT OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MODERATION ON THE QUALITY OF EXAMINATIONS IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management. ISSN 2312-9492(Online) 2414-8970(Print).Vol. 5, Iss. 3, pp 475 – 496, August 12, 2018. www.strategicjournals.com
[9] Gabriele Frank and Sofie Bitter (2014) Online Exams: Practical Implications and Future Directions accessed from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234153336_Online_Exams_Practical_Implications_and_Future_Directions on 05/8/2021 @ 11:20 hours
[10] Henderson and Crawford (2020). Exams and assessments in COVID-19 crisis: Fairness at the centre. The Fourth UNESCO COVID-19 Education Webinar organized on 9 April 2020. Accessed from https://en.unesco.org/news/exams-and-assessments-covid-19-crisis-fairness-centre on 15/8/2021 @15:16 hours
[11] Henderson,. and Crawford (2021) Learners’ Perspective towards E-Exams during COVID-19 Outbreak: Evidence from Higher Educational Institutions of India and Saudi Arabia Mohammed accessed from https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/12/6534
[12] Jankowski, N. A., Timmer, J. D., Kinzie, J., & Kuh, G. D. (2018, January). Assessment that matters: Trending toward practices that document authentic student learning. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois and Indiana University, National Institute for Learning Outcomes Assessment (NILOA)
[13] Maheshwari, V.K. (2011). Malpractice in examinations – The Termites Destroying the Educational Setup in Higher Education institutions in India. K.L.D.A.V (P.G) College, Roorkee, India accessed from http://www.vkmaheshwari.com/WP/?p=310 on 15/8/2021 @ 16:32 hours
[14] Menon, G. (2014). Maintaining Quality of Education in Management Institutes–Reforms Required. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 133, 122-129.
[15] https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/guidance/assessing-with-integrity-in-digital-delivery.pdf
[16] Munene, I.I.(2013). New Higher Education Reforms in Kenya. INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION, Number 73 Fall 2013 Pages 14- 16.https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/ihe/article/view/6110/5353
[17] Ntema. E. et al., Assessment standards (2006), Affiliated Health Training Institutions. Botswana
[18] Smith. C. (2021) Why should we bother with assessment moderation? Nurse Education today, Volume 32, issue 6 accessed from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0260691711002723?via%3Dihub#! On 4/09/2021 @ 19:42 hours.
[19] University of South Australia (2020). How do you peer review online examinations? https://i.unisa.edu.au/siteassets/staff/tiu/documents/covid-19/peer-reviewing-your-online-examination.pdf
Patricia Mambwe, Jordan Tembo “Peer Reviewing of Electronic Examinations In Tertiary Institutions: Is It Being Done? A Case Study of Selected Three Higher Education Institutions- Lusaka, Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.295-299 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51120
Download PDF
Analysis of Theft and Allied Offences under the English Laws: The Many “Whys” That Make the Nigeria Jurisprudence Preferable?
Peter A. Ocheme- November 2021- Page No.: 300-311
By way of breaking away from the traditional convention of legal validity even without codification, more particularly with respect to criminal justice administration, the English Parliament has evolved a trend to continually review their laws relating to theft and allied offences alongside the speed by which the offences/crimes are technologically carried out. The research undertakes a doctrinal review of the genealogical improvements associated with the legal regimes vis-a-vis the technological appliances being employed by those who engage in these criminal activities, which includes the Internet… The discoveries are not only in respect of the changes interrelating between law and practical realities, but also in respect of the variety of properties – visible and invisible; tangible and intangible, and including Land, that are now capable of being stolen. The research also reveals that unlike the situations in England — not even Wales, let alone the United Kingdom as a whole — the Nigerian laws in respect of Theft and allied offences have remain as static as they were first drafted before Independence, whereas the technologies which aid and abet the commission of these offences are all put in use in Nigeria as in England. The contributions to knowledge to be derived from this study are in the sphere of the current scope of proprietary criminal laws in England which inversely mirrors their Nigerian contemporaries as rather lame ducks; while absurdly, they all seemingly are operating within the same Common Law and also the Commonwealth league of Nations.
Page(s): 300-311 Date of Publication: 02 December 2021
Peter A. Ocheme
Professor, School of Law, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
References are not available
Peter A. Ocheme, “Analysis of Theft and Allied Offences under the English Laws: The Many “Whys” That Make the Nigeria Jurisprudence Preferable?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.300-311 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/300-311.pdf
Download PDF
Influence of Flood Risk Awareness Information on the Adaptive Behaviour of Residents in Flood Prone Areas in Southeast Nigeria
Gideon Uchechukwu Nwafor PhD- November 2021- Page No.: 312-324
Within the past decade, flood disaster had had a devastating effect on Nigerian communities destroying lives and property and displacing thousands of people. The aftermath of every flood disaster left marks to show that Nigeria has not put adequate mechanism in place to prevent and manage flood disaster occurrences especially in the flood prone areas. One major approach that can enhance proper mitigation of flood disasters is risk and behavioural change communication. This study, therefore, evaluated the influence of flood risk awareness information on the adaptive behavior of people living in flood prone areas in southeastern Nigeria. The main objective of the study was to ascertain if there is availability of flood risk awareness information, major source of information, influence of accessibility on diffusion, relationship between awareness, adoption, and adaptive behavior. Anchored on Reasoned Action Approach, Habermas’ Theory of Communicative Action and Media Synchronicity Theory, the researcher adopted the survey design in carrying out the study with a projected population of 21,298,033 and a sample size of 384 drawn using Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination table. Findings revealed that there is availability of flood risk awareness information which majority access mainly through radio/TV in form of early warning but limited or uneasy access to sources of flood risk awareness information hampers its diffusion which results to low adoption and affect their adaptive behavior. The researcher, therefore, recommended that community-based communication process using communication forms such as interpersonal, seminar; town hall meeting should be maximally utilized in creating disaster awareness and to complement effort of the TV and radio stations being used presently.
Page(s): 312-324 Date of Publication: 03 December 2021
Gideon Uchechukwu Nwafor PhD
Department of Mass Communication, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Igbariam, Anambra State, Nigeria
[1] Adelekan, I. O. and Asiyanbi, A. P. (2016). Flood risk perception in flood-affected communities in Lagos, Nigeria. Nat Hazards 80(1):445–469
[2] Aderogba, K.A (2012). Qualitative Studies of Recent Floods and Sustainable Growth and Development of Cities and Towns in Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences. 1(3), 1-25.
[3] Ahmad, F., Kazmi, S. F, and Pervez, T. (2011). Human response to hydro-meteorological disasters: A case study of the 2010 flash floods in Pakistan. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 4 (9), 518-524
[4] Albarracín, D., Johnson, B.T., Fishbein, M., & Muellerleile, P.A. (2001). Theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour as models of condom use: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 127, 142-161.
[5] Dennis, A.R., Fuller, R.M. & Valacich, J.S., (2008). Media, tasks, and communication processes: A theory of media synchronicity. MIS Quarterly, 32(3), 575–600.
[6] Etuonovbe, A.K. (2011).The Devastating Effect of Flooding in Nigeria.” Hydrography and the Environment. A paper presented at the FIG Working Week. Marrakech, Morocco. 18-22
[7] Environment Agency (2015). Public dialogues on flood risk communication. Bristol: Environment Agency.
[8] Fishbein, M., and Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behaviour: the reasoned action approach. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
[9] Green, C., & Penning-Rowsell, E. C., (2010). Stakeholder Engagement in Flood Risk Management. Flood Risk Science and Management, 372. Wiley.com
[10] Hagger, M.S., Chatzisarantis, N.L.D., & Biddle, S.J.H. (2002). A meta-analytic review of the theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour in physical activity: Predictive validity and the contribution of additional variables. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24, 3-32.
[11] Habermas, J., (1984). The Theory of Communicative Action, Volume I. Boston: Beacon
[12] Höppner, C., Buchecker, M. and Bründl, M., (2010). Risk communication and natural hazards. CapHaz-Net WP5 report. Birmensdorf, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Research Institute
[13] Kievik, M., and Guttelin, J.M. (2011). Yes, we can: motivate Dutch citizens to engage in self- protective behaviour with regard to flood risks Natural Hazards 59(3):1475-90.
[14] Kittipongvises S. and Mino T. (2015). Perception and communication of flood risk: lessons learned about Thailand’s flood crisis of 2011. Applied Environmental Research, 37: 57-70.
[15] Laughery, K.R and Hammond, A. (1999). Overview of Warnings and Risk Communication. In Wogalter, M.S., DeJoy, D., & Laughery, K.R. (Eds.) (2005). Warnings and Risk Communication (pp 2-12). London: Taylor & Francis.
[16] McEachan, R. R. C., Conner, M., Taylor, N. J., and Lawton, R. J. (2011). Prospective prediction of health-related behaviours with the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5(2), 97-144
[17] Mileti, D.S., Bandy, R., Bourque, L.B., Johnson, A., Kano, M., Peek, L., Sutton, J. and Wood, M. (2006). Annotated Bibliography for Public Risk Communication on Warnings for Public Protective Actions Response and Public Education (Revision 4). Natural Hazards Centre: University of Colorado at Boulder.
[18] Molinari, D. and Handmer, J. (2011). A behavioural model for quantifying flood warning effectiveness. Journal of Flood Risk Management, Vol. 4, No. 1 pp. 23-32
[19] Oke, M.O. Adeyinka, A.T. and Oluseyi, O.G. (2018). Media and disaster management: Analysing communication trends in flood-ravaged communities in Benue State, North Central Nigeria. Journal of Media and Communication Studies, Vol. 10(9), pp. 106-112,
[20] Okonkwo, A. U. and Onyeizugbe, R. U. (2017). Disaster Vulnerability, Severity of Flood Losses and Information Dissemination in Ogbaru Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Int’l Journal of Advances in Agricultural & Environmental Engg. (IJAAEE) Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 194 – 198
[21] Olajuyigbe, A.E., Rotowa, O.O., and Durojaye, E. (2012). An Assessment of Flood Hazard in Nigeria: The Case of Mile 12, Lagos. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 3(2), 367-375
[22] Olanrewaju, A. T. and Ahmad, R. (2016). Examining the information dissemination process on social media during the Malaysia 2014 floods using Social Network Analysis (SNA). Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences &Engineering) 78: 9–3, pp. 49–55
[23] Olawuyi, E. A and Adiamoh, A. G. (2015). Influence of Flood Risk Information on Perceived Risk Severity and Vulnerability among Inhabitants of Ibadan, South-West Nigeria. Journal of Communication and Media Research, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp 106-123
[24] Onwuka, S.U., Ikekpeazu, F.O. and Onuoha, D.C. (2015). Assessment of the Causes of 2012 floods in Aguleri and Umuleri, Anambra East Local Government Area of Anambra State. British Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 44-57.
[25] O’sullivan, J., Bradford, R., Bonaiuto, M. S., Rotko, P., Aaltonen, et al., (2012). Enhancing flood resilience through improved risk communications. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences,12 (7), 2271-2282.
[26] Ottah, G. A., (2017). Impact of Radio Kogi’s Flood Disaster Awareness Campaign on Residents of Ibaji Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria. International Journal of Arts and Humanities (IJAH) Ethiopia, Vol. 6(3), S/No 22, PP. 80-97
[27] Renn, O., (2008). Risk governance: coping with uncertainty in a complex world. Earthscan.
[28] Speller, G., (2005). Improving community and citizen engagement in FRM decision- making, delivery and flood response. Joint Defra/Environment Agency Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management R&D Programme, R&D Technical Report SC040033/SR3. Bristol: Environment Agency
[29] Waylen, K., Aaltonen, J., Bonaiuto, M., Booth, P, Bradford, R., Carrus, G., et al., (2011). URFlood – Understanding uncertainty and risk in communicating about floods. CRUE Final report II-7. 2nd CRUE Funding Initiative on Flood Resilient Communities.
[30] Woods, M.M., Mileti, D.S., Kano, M., Kelley, M.M., Regan, R. and Bourques, L.B., (2012). Communicating actionable risk for terrorism and other hazards. Risk Analysis, 32 (4), 601-615
Gideon Uchechukwu Nwafor PhD, “Influence of Flood Risk Awareness Information on the Adaptive Behaviour of Residents in Flood Prone Areas in Southeast Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.312-324 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/312-324.pdf
Download PDF
School Closure during Covid-19 and Likely Impact on Dropout Behavior in Bangladesh: A Theoretical Analysis
S.M. Shahidul – November 2021- Page No.: 325-330
Among the countries, with the highest number of days of full school closures, Bangladesh is in third position in worldwide and first in the Asian countries caused by Covid-19. And Bangladesh is in the 28th position where children are at moderate or high risk of drop out from education. Therefore, the foremost purpose of this study is to explore the theories of school dropout to find out the underlying factors of drop out for the children during prolonged school closer due to outbreak of Covid-19 in Bangladesh. Based on the study of BRAC, this study exhibits the current scenario of education during Covid-19, Students’ spending time during lockdown, rate and causes not for participating in distance learning in Bangladesh. This study also explores the dropout theories which are Finn’s developmental theory of high school dropout, structural strains theory, Tinto’s theory of institutional departure, academic mediation theory. This study observed that some of the factors which are particularly relevant to school dropout in online/distance education system.
Page(s): 325-330 Date of Publication: 03 December 2021
S.M. Shahidul
Department of Education, Pundra University of Science & Technology, Bogura, Bangladesh
[1] Battin-Pearson, S. & Newcomb, Michael D. & Abbott, Robert D. & Hill, Karl G. & Catalano, Richard F. & Hawkins, J. David & Pressley (2000). Predictors of early high school dropout: A test of five theories. Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol.92(3), pp.568-582.
[2] Bean, J.P., & Metzner, B.S. (1985). A conceptual model of nontraditional undergraduate student attrition. Review of Educational Research, 55(4), 485-540.
[3] Brown, K.M. (1996). The role of internal and external factors in the discontinuation of off-campus students. Distance Education, 17(1), 44-71
[4] Cole, R.A. (Ed.) (2000). Issues in web-based pedagogy: A critical primer. London: Greenwood Press.
[5] Coe, R., Weidmann, B., Coleman, R., & Kay, J. (2020). Impact of school closures on the attainment gap: Rapid evidence assessment. London: Education Endowment Foundation (EEF). Retrieved 8 August 2020 from https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/35707/1/EEF_%282020%29_
[6] Farmer, T.W., Estell, D.B., Leung, M.C., Trott, H., Bishop, J., & Cairns, B.D. (2003). Individual characteristics, early adolescent peer affiliations, and school dropout: An examination of aggressive and popular group types. Journal of School Psychology, 41, 217-232.
[7] Finn, J. D. (1989). Withdrawing from school. Review of Educational Research, 59 , 117–142.
[8] Giordano, P. C. (2003). Relationships in adolescence. Annual Review of Sociology, 29, 257–281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29 .010202.100047
[9] Goodman, Joshua, Michael Hurwitz, and Jonathan Smith. 2017. Access to four-year public colleges and degree completion. Journal of Labor Economics 35(3):829–867.
[10] Jun, J. (2005). Understanding dropout of adult learners in e-learning.(Doctoral dissertation, University of Georgia, 2005)
[11] Kay, J., Ellis-Thompson, A., Higgins, S., Stevenson, J., & Zaman, M. (2020). Remote learning: Rapid evidence assessment. London/Cambridge: Education Endowment Foundation (EEF)/EdTechHub. Retrieved 8 August 2020 from https://edtechhub.org
[12] Kuhfeld, Megan, James Soland, Beth Tarasawa, Angela Johnson, Erik Ruzek, Jing Liu (2020), “Projecting the Potential Impacts of Covid-19 School Closures on Academic Achievement”, EdWorkingPapers No. 20-226, Annenberg (May), Brown University.
[13] Packham, G., Jones, G., Miller, C., & Thomas, B. (2004). E-learning and retention: Key factors influencing student withdrawal. Education & Training, 46(6/7), 335-342.
[14] Rovai, A.P. (2003). In search of higher persistence rates in distance education online programs. Internet and Higher Education, 6, 1-16
[15] Rowntree, D. (1995). Teaching and learning online: A correspondence education for the 21st century? British Journal of Educational Technology, 26(3), 205-215.
[16] Suh, S., Suh, J., & Houston, I. (2007). Predictors of categorical at-risk high school dropouts. Journal of Counseling and Development, 85, 196-203.
[17] Tinto, V. (1993). Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition (2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
[18] Willging, P.A., & Johnson, S. D. (2004). Factors that influence students’ decision to dropout of online courses. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Network, 8(4), 105-118.
S.M. Shahidul, “School Closure during Covid-19 and Likely Impact on Dropout Behavior in Bangladesh: A Theoretical Analysis” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.325-330 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51121
Download PDF
Finance Act 2020 and Stability of Nigerian Banks
Clement Adewole, PhD, John Damak, Victor Odumu – November 2021- Page No.: 331-341
The health of financial institutions in Nigeria at any point in time revolves around the policies enacted by regulatory authorities. Furthermore, other factors that militate against ability of the regulatory authorities are political interference, instability, corruption and inconsistent monetary and fiscal policies. Interestingly, Nigeria introduced the Tax and Fiscal Law amendments bill (The Finance Act 2020) to address obsolete tax laws and align these laws with global best practices. This study did an appraisal of the implication of the Finance Act 2020 on the stability of banks in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research design, a nonprobability judgment sample of 127 participants who are employees of 5 deposit money banks in Jos, the Plateau state capital. These bank employees responded to a re-validated 5 points Likert scale questionnaire. Data were analysed using quantitative techniques of spearman ranking correlation with aid of SPSSv25 to test the hypotheses. Results of statistical data analyses showed that CGTA Reform has significant effect on bank stability; CITA Reform has significant effect bank stability; and VATA Reform has significant effect on bank stability. The study concluded that a probable cause of the statistically significant positive relationships among the variables is the enormous potential benefits that comes with the reformed tax laws. The study recommended that some provisions of the Finance Act should be clear enough for individuals to understand tax laws, corporate taxes should be reduced to encourage corporate investment and then lastly it recommended that fiscal authorities should expand its VAT exempt list to include some services provided by banks in Nigeria which would ensure bank stability in Nigeria.
Page(s): 331-341 Date of Publication: 03 December 2021
Clement Adewole, PhD
Department of Banking and Finance University of Jos, Nigeria
John Damak
Department of Banking and Finance University of Jos, Nigeria
Victor Odumu
Department of Banking and Finance University of Jos, Nigeria
[1] Adegbie et al (2011). Company income tax and Nigerian economic development. European journal of social sciences, 22(2).
[2] Akpan, E.S. (2017). Banking System Stability and Return on Assets Relationship: Evidence from Nigeria. The Macrotheme Review. 6(1), pp. 46-55.
[3] Borio, C. (2014). Monetary policy and financial Stability: What role in prevention and recovery? Bank for International Settlement Working Papers, 440(1). https://doi.org/10.24149/gwp203
[4] CBN (2010): Financial Stability Report
[5] Chigbu, E. E. (2014); “A Cointegration of Value Added Tax and Economic Growth in Nigeria: 1994-2012”. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research.3(2); 95-103
[6] Fasina, H.T and Adegbite, T.A (2016) The Assessment of the Impact of Capital Gains Tax on Economic Growth in Nigeria, International Journal in Management and Social Science 4(8)
[7] Obayomi, W., & Salami, A. (2021). Finance Act 2020: Impact analysis. KPMG, 2-26. https://doi.org/kpmg.ng
[8] Ozili, P.K. (2019). Determinants of Banking Stability in Nigeria. CBN Bullion, 43(2), 2nd Quarter.
[9] The Nigerian Federal Government. (2021). Federal Republic of Nigeria official Gazette. Finance Act 2020, 108, pp. 1-81.
[10] Obayomi, W., & Salami, A. (2021). Finance Act 2020: Impact analysis. KPMG, 2-26. https://doi.org/kpmg.ng
[11] The Nigerian Federal Government. (2021). Federal Republic of Nigeria official Gazette. Finance Act 2020, 108, pp. 1-81.
[12] Ushie, V. (2010). Implementing the Fiscal Responsibilty Act at the state level in Nigeria . Centre for the Study of the Economies of Africa,10, 3-8.
Clement Adewole, PhD, John Damak, Victor Odumu “Finance Act 2020 and Stability of Nigerian Banks” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.331-341 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51122
Download PDF
States’ Compliance to International Environmental Law Obligations: Study Based on Multilateral Environmental Agreements’ Performance in Kenya
Rose Nyangeri, Dr. Xavier Ichani- November 2021- Page No.: 342-345
States within the international system have always cooperated to attain a common good. The most common tool used to attain their goals is often treaties that make up International Laws. Environmental conservation has emerged as a key concern in the recent years with regard to sustainable development. States that ratify these treaties have to fulfil their obligations to ensure success of their goals. This can only be done through effective compliance. This study sought to gauge the performance of two key multilateral environmental Agreements (MEAs); Montreal Protocol and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) within the domestic setup of a state party (Kenya). The study population consisted of 22 officials within the environmental sector selected through purposive and snowballing methods. Data was collected through one-on-one interviews and review of official documents and analysed through the use of computer software Nvivo. Effective Compliance in Kenya’s International law obligations was found to be reliant on the existing toolswithin the treaties, cooperation between the two government tiers and grassroot support framework.
Page(s): 342-345 Date of Publication: 03 December 2021
Rose Nyangeri
Department of International Relations Conflict and Strategic Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya
RDr. Xavier Ichani
Department of International Relations Conflict and Strategic Studies, Kenyatta University, Kenya
[1] Bafundo NE. (2006). Compliance with the ozone treaty: weak states and the principle of common but differentiated responsibility. Am U Int L Rev. 21:461–495.
[2] Barrett. S., (2003). Environment and Statecraft: The Strategy of Environment Treaty-making. Oxford University Press
[3] Chayes, A, & Chayes, A. H. (1995). The new sovereignty: Compliance with international regulatory agreements. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press
[4] Declaration of the United Nations on the Human Environment, (Stockholm, 1972), U.N. Doc. A.CONF/48/14/REV.1; reprinted in 11 ILM 1417 (1972)
[5] Epstein, G., Pérez, I., Schoon, M., & Meek, C. L. (2014). Governing the invisible commons: Ozone regulation and the Montreal Protocol. International Journal of the Commons, 8(2), 337–360. DOI: http://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.407
[6] Goodman, R., & Jinks, D (2003). Toward an Institutional Theory of Sovereignty. Stanford Law Review, 55(5), 1749-1788. Retrieved June 2, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/1229563
[7] Government of Kenya (2018). State of the Environment Report 2015-2018. National Environment Management Authority, NEMA – Nairobi
[8] Handbook for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. (n.d.). 918.
[9] Henkin L., & Council on Foreign Relations (1968). How Nations Behave: Law and Foreign Policy. New York: Published for the Council on Foreign Relations [by] F.A. Praeger.
[10] Keohane, R & Martin, L. (1995). The Promise of Institutionalist Theory. International Security, 20(1), 39-51. doi:10.2307/2539214
[11] Kubai, E. (2019). Reliability and Validity of Research Instruments. UNICAF University-Zambia.
[12] Leedy, P. D., & Ormrod, J. E. (2013). Practical research: Planning and design. Boston: Pearson.
[13] Malgosia, F. (2009). Compliance with Multilateral Environmental Agreements. National Law School of India Review, 21(2), 1-38. Retrieved June 2, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/44283801
[14] McCombes, S. (2019). Sampling Methods | Types and Techniques Explained. Retrieved January 20, 2021, from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/sampling-methods/
[15] Meyer, T. (2014). How Compliance Understates Effectiveness. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (American Society of International Law), 108, 168-172. doi:10.5305/procannmeetsil.108.0168
[16] Sands, P., Peel, J., Fabra, A., & Mackenzie, R. (2012). Principles of international environmental law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
[17] The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. (n.d.). [UN Environmental Programme]. Retrieved May 25, 2020, from https://ozone.unep.org/treaties/montreal-protocol/amendments/london-amendment-1990-amendment-montreal-protocol-agreed
Rose Nyangeri, Dr. Xavier Ichani, “States’ Compliance to International Environmental Law Obligations: Study Based on Multilateral Environmental Agreements’ Performance in Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.342-345 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/342-345.pdf
Download PDF
Customer Retention Determinants in Hospitality Industry in Nigeria; A Study of Customer Relationship Marketing
Anyionu, Samuel Chukwu PhD, Mmamel, Uchenna Zita PhD, Obasiabara, Beatrice Orieoma PhD – November 2021- Page No.: 346-353
The objective of the study was to determine the effects of customer relationship marketing on customer retention in some selected hotels in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study drew the population from the customers of the selected hotels in Enugu Metropolis to understand the factors that makes them to be retained in the industry. Data was generated from 200 customers out of which 173 copies of the structured questionnaire were returned and qualified for use. The analytical tools used for the study comprises of; simple tables, percentages, simple regression and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 20). The results obtained from the study revealed that customer care, affordable service, quality services, and customer satisfaction used as sub-variables for customer relationship marketing have positive and significant effects on customer retention in the hospitality industry in Enugu metropolis. Based on the findings, the study recommended to the management of the selected hotels in the industry to deliver consistent, reliable and dependable services to their customers to gain customers trust, understanding, confidence, patronage and willingness to ensure that customers’ needs are met during and after the services are delivered. The ability to retain customers depend on the past experience gained by customers after using the firm’s services. Also, the firms should provide adequate and better communication networks that will enable them to collect and handle all complaints arising from product use, develop and maintain effective and efficient after sale services to ensure periodic calls, and visit to keep customers informed of new offers and benefits, and consistently re-evaluate performance against standard to ensure that all promises made during the transaction are fulfilled. Customers are assets to every business organization and getting them satisfied after service use makes them to be retained and loyal to the organization.
Page(s): 346-353 Date of Publication: 03 December 2021
Anyionu, Samuel Chukwu PhD
Marketing Department, Caritas University Amorji Nike Enugu, Nigeria
Mmamel, Uchenna Zita PhD
Marketing Department, Institute of Management and Technology (IMT) Enugu, Nigeria
Obasiabara, Beatrice Orieoma PhD
Marketing Department, Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
[1] Adeleke, A & Aminus, S.A (2012) The Determinants of Customer Loyalty in Nigeria’s G S M market, U S A, International Journal for Business and Social Science, 3. 14.www.ijbssnet.com
[2] Agbonifoh, B.A, Ogwo, E.O & Nnolim (2004). Marketing in Nigeria: Concepts, principles and Decisions; Aba: Afri-towers publishers limited
[3] Andaleeb, S. (1988) “determinants of customer satisfaction with hospitals: a managerial model”, international Journal of health care quality Assurance, Vol 11,6, 181-187.
[4] Aminu, A & Hartini, A (2008). Marketing Mix Drives of Clients Satisfaction in Technology enabled Service. Study of Nigerian GSM subscribers, communications of the IBIM 1,84-90
[5] Allred, T. A.,& Addams, H. L.(2000) Service quality at banks and credit unions; . What do their customers say?. Manage. Serv, Quality., 10(1),52-60.
[6] Berry, L.L (1996) Big Deals in Service Marketing, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Spring, 47-51
[7] Brassington, & Pettit, S. (2000 ) Principles of Marketing, 10th ed. London, prentice Hall 23(3),589-600
[8] Donabedian, A (1986) “criteria and standards for quality assessment and monitoring”, quality research bulletin, vol.12, no. 3, pp 99-108.
[9] Gerpott,T. J., Rams, w.& Schinder(2001) Customer Retention, Loyalty & Satisfaction in the German Mobile Cellular telecommunication Market. Telecommunication Policy., 25, 249-269
[10] Hansemark, O. C.& Albinson, M.(2004) Customer Satisfaction and retention; The experiences of Individual employees. Managing Service quality 14 (1), 40-57.
[11] Hoyer, E. D.,& MacInnis, D. J (2001) Consumer behavior, second edition Boston; Houghton Mifflin company.
[12] Isiaku, S.B. (2010). Subscribers Complaints and Response of the Global Satellite Mobile (GSM) Network Operators in Nigeria. An international Multi-Disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia. Vol.4(1).
[13] Kim, M. K., Park, M.C. and Jeong, D. M. (2004) “ The effects of customer satisfaction and switching barrier on customer loyalty in Korean Mobile telecommunication services” Electronics & telecommunications Research institute School of Business, Information and Communications University, Jusong-gu, Hwaam-doong, Taejon 305-348, South Koera.
[14] Kotler, P.& Keller, K,(2012) Marketing Management, 14th edition, Prentice Hall, Harlow, ISBN 10; 0273755021
[15] Kotler, P & Armstrong, G. (2010) Principles of Marketing, 13thed. Pearson education, Upper Saddle River New Jersey, USA.
[16] Lovelock, C.H (1996). Service Marketing (3rded ), Englewood Cliffs. N.J Prentice Hall.
[17] Martin, R, Oliver, S & Jacquelyn, S.T (2010) Customer Relationship Management and Firm’s Performance. The Mediating Role of Business Strategy” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. 38 ,326-346.
[18] Mellory, A & Barnett, S (2000). Building Customer Relationships: Discount Cards Work? Managing Service Quality, 10(6) , 347-355
[19] Melody, W.H.(2001) Policy objectives and models of regulation. Den private Ingeniorford (Ed). Telecom Reform Principles, Policies and Regulatory Practices, Technical University of Denmark,Lyngby.
[20] Lovelock, C.H (1996). Service Marketing (3rded ), Englewood Cliffs. N.J Prentice Hall.
[21] Mellory, A & Barnett, S (2000). Building Customer Relationships: Discount Cards Work? Managing Service Quality, 10(6) , 347-355
[22] Melody, W.H.(2001) Policy objectives and models of regulation. Den private Ingeniorford (Ed). Telecom Reform Principles, Policies and Regulatory Practices, Technical University of Denmark,
[23] Oyeniyi, O. and Joachim, A.A. (2008) “Customer Service in the retention of mobile phone user in Nigeria”. African Journal of Business Management 2(2): 26-31..
[24] Oyeniyi, O & Abiodun .A J (2008) Consumer service in the retention of mobile phone users in Nigeria’ African journal of business management, 2(2),26-31
[25] Ramphal, R.R. (2016). A complaint handling System for the hospitality industry. African Journal of hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 5(2).
[26] Schiffman, L. & Kanuk, l (2007). Consumer behavior, New jersey; Pearson Education Inc
[27] Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. & Gremler, D. D (2006) Service Marketing; Integrating Customer Focus across the firm. Singapore; Mc- Graw hill. 4th edition.
Anyionu, Samuel Chukwu PhD, Mmamel, Uchenna Zita PhD, Obasiabara, Beatrice Orieoma PhD, “Customer Retention Determinants in Hospitality Industry in Nigeria; A Study of Customer Relationship Marketing” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.346-353 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/346-353.pdf
Download PDF
Access to and Diffusion of Climate Change Adaptation Information among Rice Farmers in Southeast Nigeria
Ijeoma Obi PhD & Gideon Uchechukwu Nwafor PhD- November 2021- Page No.: 354-365
This study investigated how access to and diffusion of agricultural information contributed to rice farmers’ adaptation to climate change and variability in Southeastern Nigeria. The major research problem this study sought to address was how information on adaptation to climate change and variability is accessed and diffused among rice farmers to enhance their adaptation to climate change. This problem was borne out of the fact that a lot of rice farmers keep lamenting about how their crops were washed away by floods and the effects of other climatic conditions which they do not have the solution to except finding a way to adapt and mitigate this global phenomenon known as climate change. Specifically, the study was designed to find out the extent of access to information which rice farmers in southeast Nigeria have on climate change adaptation and to know the channels of communication that is the major source of information on climate change adaptation. It also aimed at determining the relationship that exists between variables like access, diffusion, adoption of innovation and adaptation to climate change as well as as certain the factors that influence the adoption or non-adoption of innovation of climate change adaptation rice farmers in southeast Nigeria. The study was underpinned by Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory. Survey method was adopted for the study with the questionnaire used to collect data. The study population was made up of rice farmers in Anambra, Enugu and Ebonyi states. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 900 respondents for the study involving both probability and nonprobability sampling methods. The key findings showed that rice farmers’ access to information on climate change adaptation was high and they identified periodical seminars and workshops organized by government extension workers and Non-Governmental organizations as their major sources of information on climate change adaptation. Apart from Radio which was found to be one of the major sources of information among the rice farmers, TV and newspaper were found not be effective in disseminating information on climate change adaptation to rice farmers in southeast Nigeria as most of them do not have access to the channels. The study, therefore, recommended that various channels of communication, especially radio, should be employed to disseminate information on climate change adaptation strategies to reach a broader audience.
Page(s): 354-365 Date of Publication: 04 December 2021
Ijeoma Obi PhD
Department of Mass Communication, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, Anambra State, Nigeria
Gideon Uchechukwu Nwafor PhD
Department of Mass Communication, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, Anambra State, Nigeria
[1] Abiodun. B.J, Lawal. K.A. Salami. A.T. & Abatan. A.A. (2013). Potential influences of global warming on future climate and extreme events in Nigeria. Regional Environmental Change, 13(31477-491.
[2] Agwu A.E., Ekwueme, J.N. and Anyanwu A.C. (2008). Adoption of improved agricultural technologies disseminated via radio farmer programme by farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology 7(9), pp. 1277-1286.
[3] ApataT.G., Samuel, K.D. & Adeola, A.O. (2009). Analysis of climate change perception and adaptation among arable food crop farmers in South-Western Nigeria. Contributed paper prepared for presentation at the International Association of Agricultural Economists’ 2009 Conference, Beijing, China.
[4] Chikozho, C. (2010). Applied social research and action priorities for adaptation to climate change and rainfall variability in the rain-fed agricultural sector of Zimbabwe. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 35(13-14) pp. 780-790.
[5] Deressa, T. T., Hassan, R. M., Ringler, C. Alemu,T., & Yesuf, M. (2009). Determinants of farmers’ choice of adaptation methods to climate change in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia. Global Environmental Change, 19(2), 248-255.
[6] Elia, E. F. (2013). Information dissemination for adaptation to climate change and variability in the agriculture sector: the case of Maluga and Chibelela villages, Central Tanzania. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
[7] Gunasekera, D. (2011). Reducing impediments to adaptation. Paper presented at 40th Australian Conference of Economics, 11-13 Canberra, Australia. http://ace2011.org.au/ACE2011f Accessed 2 July 2019.
[8] Gwambene, B. (2007). Climate change and variability adaptation strategies and its implication on land resources in Rungwe District, Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press.
[9] Ingram, K., Roncoli, C. and Kirshen. (2002). Reading the rains: local knowledge and rainfall forecasting in Burkina Faso. Society and Natural Resources: An International Journal 15(5) pp. 409-427.
[10] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007). Working group II fourth assessment report: climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[11] Jones, L. (2010). Overcoming Social Barriers to Adaptation. Overseas Development Institute, (ODI) Background Note, www.odi.org.uk/50 years. Accessed January 2019.
[12] Kadi, M., Njau, L.N., Mwikya, J. and Kamga, A. (2011). The state of climate information services for agriculture and food security in East African countries. Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security Working paper 5. Copenhagen: Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIR).
[13] Kandji, S. and Verchot, L. (2007). Impacts of and adaptation to climate variability and climate change in the East African community: a focus on the agricultural sector. Word Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)
[14] Kroemker, D., Mosler, H.J. (2002). Human vulnerability—factors influencing the implementation of prevention and protection measures: an agent based approach. In: Steininger, K.& Week Hannemann, H. (eds.), Global Environmental Change in Alpine Regions. Impact, Recognition, Adaptation, and Mitigation. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham 95-114.
[15] Maddison, D. (2006). The perception of and adaptation to climate change in Africa. CEEPA discussion paper No. 10. Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
[16] Manda, P. (2002). Information and Agricultural development in Tanzania: a critique. Information Development 18 pp. 181-189.
[17] Mattews-Njoku, C.E, Adesope, O.M. and Iruba, C. (2009). Acceptability of improved crop production practices among rural women in Aguata agricultural zone of Anambra State, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology 8(3) pp. 405-411.
[18] Mbah E.N. and Ezeano C.I, (2016). Climate Change Adaptation Measures Practiced by Rice Farmers in Benue State, Nigeria. International Journal of Trend in Research and Development, Volume 3(1), pp 382 – 385
[19] Mengistu, D. (2011). Farmers’ perception and knowledge of climate change and their coping strategies to the related hazards: case study from Adiha, Central Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2(2) pp. 138-145.
[20] Mutekwa, V.T. (2009). Climate change impacts and adaptation in the agricultural sector: the case of smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa 11(2): 237-256.
[21] Munyua, H. and Stilwell, C. (2009). A mixed qualitative-quantitative participatory methodology: A study of the agricultural knowledge and information system (AKIS) of small-scale farmers in Kirinyaga district, Kenya. Library Management 31(1/2) pp. 5-18.
[22] Ngigi, S.N., Savenije, H.G., Rockstrom, J. and Gachene, C.K. (2005). Hydro-economic evaluation of rainwater harvesting and management technologies: Farmers’ investment options and risks in semi-arid Laikipia district of Kenya. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 30, pp. 772-782.
[23] Nwammuo A. N. & Nwafor, G. U., (2019). Evaluation of Level of Awareness and Information Diffusion of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies among farmers. International Journal of Informatics, Technology & Computers. Volume 5, Issue 1, page 11 – 22
[24] Ogbozor, N. (2002), Alternative measures for coping with soi! erosion and poverty in Udi Communities, South-Eastern Nigeria. Retrieved from http://ogbozor2002.org.
[25] Olori, T. (2006). “Nigeria: Villages flee landslides.” Inter Press, Rodo, X,, “ENSO an Cholera: A Nonstationary Link Related to Climate Change?” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99 (20), 1290-12906.
[26] Rogers, E.M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. 5th ed. New York: Free Press.
[27] Roncoli, C. (2006). Ethnographic and participatory approaches to research on farmers’ responses to climate predictions. Climate Research 33:81-99.
[28] Roncoli, C., Orlove, B.S., Kabugo, M.R. and Waiswa, M.M. (2011). Cultural styles of participation in farmers’ discussions of seasonal climate forecasts in Uganda. Agriculture and Human Values 28(1) pp. 123-138.
[29] Salinger, J.M., Sivakumar, M.V.K. and Motha, R. (2005). Reducing vulnerability of agriculture and forestry to climate variability and change: workshop summary and recommendations. Climate Change 70, pp. 341-362.
[30] Smith, B. and Skinner, M. W. (2002). Adaptation options in agriculture to climate change: A typology. Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change? pp.85-114.
[31] Smith, J. B. and Lenhart, S. (1996). Climate change adaptation policy options in vulnerability and adaptation of African ecosystem to global climate change, CR Special, vol. 6 (2), pp.23-34.
[32] Tarhule, A. A. (2007). Climate information for development: an integrated dissemination model. Africa Development 32(4) pp. 127-138.
[33] Umeje, E. (2010). Climate change: Nigerian media sleeping on duty. Retrieved from emeka umeje. WordPress.com/2012/01/.
Ijeoma Obi PhD & Gideon Uchechukwu Nwafor PhD, “Access to and Diffusion of Climate Change Adaptation Information among Rice Farmers in Southeast Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.354-365 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/354-365.pdf
Download PDF
An Assessment of Africa’s Philosophy of Local Electoral Democracy and its Ideology of Centralism
Ikemefuna Taire Paul Okudolo – November 2021- Page No.: 366-375
This study promotes the belief that Africa’s local electoral democracy is rooted more in an ideology of centralism and hegemonic desires of the higher tiers’ political elites over local administration. In this study, we contend that the local electoral democracy across Africa is in a state of crisis, producing practices at variance with the philosophy of Western liberal democracy which the continent pretends to imitate. Utilizing the political culture theory, the study’s argument is anchored on the evidence that the process of local electoral democracy across Africa rather emanates from an espoused political culture dictated by a desired centralizing ethos and inclinations of dominance of the local government by the higher political authorities, especially the state/provincial level. Its methodological construct is akin to the descriptive phenomenological qualitative research design. By analyzing observed experiences and documentary data using the qualitative content analysis approach, we contemplate the ingrained philosophy behind local electoral democracy in Africa as different from the idealistic sense of the democratic theory. The study’s findings accentuate the thesis that the actual African philosophy of local electoral democracy is not rooted in the ethos of Western liberal democracy, and thus democracy is largely lacking in African local government areas.
Page(s): 366-375 Date of Publication: 04 December 2021
Ikemefuna Taire Paul Okudolo
Postdoctoral Research Fellow in African Studies in ILMA Entity
North West University (NWU), Mafikeng, South Africa
[1] Ajayi, A. F. A. (1982). Expectations of independence” in Daedalus, 111(2), p. 5.
[2] Ake, C. (1995). Democracy and development in Africa. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institute.
[3] Almond, G. A. (1993). Forward: The return to political culture. In L. Diamond (Ed.) Political culture and democracy in developing countries. Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner.
[4] Apter, D. E. (1961). The political kingdom in Uganda: A study in bureaucratic nationalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
[5] Ayittey, G. B. N. (2010). Traditional institutions and the state of accountability in Africa. Social Research: An International Quarterly, 77(4), p. 1183-1210. Retrieved from https://philpapers.org/rec/AYITIA
[6] Braton, M., Mattes, R., & Boadi, G. (2005). Public opinion, democracy and market reform in Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[7] Broich, T., Szirmai, A., & Thomsson, K. (2015). Precolonial centralization, foreign aid and modern state capacity in Africa. UN Working Paper. Retrieved from https://www.merit.unu.edu/publications/working-papers/abstract/?id=5760
[8] Chemhuru, M. (2019). An African communitarian view of epistemic responsibility. Politikon: South African Journal of Political Studies, 46(1): 71-81.
[9] Chilton, S. (1988). Defining political culture. The Western Political Quarterly, 41 (3), pp. 419-445.
[10] Cypress, B. (2018). Qualitative research methods: A phenomenological focus. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 37(6), pp. 302-309. Access from doi: 10.1097/DCC.0000000000000322
[11] Diamond, L. (1997). Is the third wave of democratization over? An empirical assessment. Working Paper 236, Publication of the Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies. Access from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu › viewdoc › download
[12] Diamond, L., Linz, J. J., & Lipset, S. M. (1995). Introduction: What makes for democracy. In L. Diamond, J. J. Linz & S. M. Lipset (Eds.) Politics in developing countries: Comparing experiences with democracy (second edition). Boulder, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
[13] Ebinger, F., Grohs, S., Reiter, R., & Kuhlmann, S. (2011). Institutional decentralization polices as multi-level governance strategies: Evaluating the impacts of decentralization in Western Europe. In E. Ongaro, A. Massey, M. Holzer & E. Wayenberg (Eds.) Policy, performance and management in governance and intergovernmental relations: Transatlantic perspective. Cheltendown, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
[14] Ekeh, P. P. (1989). Nigeria’s emergent political culture. In P. Ekeh, P. Dele-Cole & GO. Olusanya (Eds.) Nigeria since independence: The first 25 years, vol. v: Politics and constitutions. Nigeria: Heinemann Educational Books.
[15] Enemuo, F. C. (1999). Democracy, human rights and the rule of law. In R. Anifowose & F. Enemuo (Eds.) Elements of politics. Lagos: Sam Iroanusi Publications.
[16] Fombad, C. M. (2017). Some perspective on durability and change under modern African constitutions. In E. N. Sahle (Ed.) Democracy, constitutionalism and politics in Africa: Historical contexts, developments and dilemmas. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
[17] Hartmann, C. (2004). Local elections and local government in Southern Africa. Africa Spectrum, 39(2), pp. 223-248.
[18] Huntington, S. (1991). The third wave: Democratization in the late twentieth century. University of Oklahoma Press.
[19] Huntington, S. (1993). Political development in Ethiopia: A peasant-based dominant-party democracy? The Report to USAID/Ethiopia on Constitutions with the Constitutional Commission, 28 March – 1 April. Access from https://hollisarchives.lib.harvard.edu › object
[20] Himmelstrand, U., Kinyanjui, K., & Mburugu, E. (1994). In search of new paradigms. In U. Himmelstrand, K. Kinyanjui & E. Mburugu (Eds.) African perspectives on development: Controversies, dilemmas and openings. London: James Curry Ltd.
[21] Ihonvbere, J. O. (2003). Constitutions without constitutionalism? Towards a new doctrine of democratization in Africa. In J. M. Mbaku & J. O. Ihonvbere (Eds.) The transition to democratic governance in Africa: The continuing struggle. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
[22] International Crisis Group (commentary, 30 June, 2010). The dilemma of electoral assistance in Central Africa. Accessed from https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/burundi/dilemma-electoral-assistance-central-africa.
[23] Kanyinga, K., Kiondo, S. Z., & Tidemand, P. (1994). The new local level politics in East Africa: Studies on Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya. A Research Report No. 95 of the Scandinavian Institute of African Studies.
[24] Karl, T. L. (1995). The hybrid regimes of Central America. Journal of Democracy, 6(3), p. 72-86.
[25] Lauer, H. (2007). Depreciating African political culture. Journal of Black Studies, 38(2), p. 288-307.
[26] Linz, J., & Alfred, S. (1996). Towards consolidated democracies. Journal of Democracy, 7(2), p. 34-51.
[27] Mazrui, A. (1990). Eastern European revolutions: Africa origins? Trans Africa Forum, Issue 7, p. 3-11.
[28] Mbaku, J. M. (2003). Constitutionalism and the transition to democratic governance in Africa. In J. M. Mbaku & J. O. Ihonvbere (Eds.) The transition to democratic governance in Africa: The continuing struggle. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
[29] Mbaku, J. M. (1997). Institutions and reform in Africa: The public choice perspective. Westport, CT: Praeger.
[30] Mbaku, J. M., & Ihonvbere, J. O. (2003). Introduction: Issues in Africa’s political adjustment in the “new” global era. In J. M. Mbaku & J. O. Ihonvbere (Eds.) The transition to democratic governance in Africa: The continuing struggle. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger.
[31] Nohlen, D. (1996) Elections and electoral systems (2nd edition). India: Macmillan India Limited.
[32] Nyong’o, P. A. (2017). Electoral democracy and election coalitions in former settler colonies in Africa: Is democracy on trial or in reverse gear in Kenya, Cote d’Ivoire and Zimbabwe? In E. N. Sahle (Ed.) Democracy, constitutionalism, and politics in Africa: Historical contexts, developments and dilemmas. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
[33] Ntalaja, G. N. (2017). Major challenges of governance in Africa today. In E. N. Sahle (Ed.) Democracy, constitutionalism, and politics in Africa: Historical contexts, developments and dilemmas. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
[34] Obasanjo, O. (1989). Remarks to the conference on the democratic revolution. Paper presented as Proceedings of a Conference Sponsored by the National Endowment for Democracy, May 1-2, Washington D.C.
[35] Okonjo, I. M. (1974). British administration in Nigeria 1900-1950: A Nigerian view. New York: NOK Publishers.
[36] Okudolo, P. T. I. (2018). Credible local elections as an imperative for Nigeria’s democratization: Post-1999 diagnosis with prescriptions. EBSU Research Insight: Multidisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Issues,1(2): 1-15.
[37] Olowu, D., & Wunsch, J. S. (2004). Local governance in Africa: The challenges of democratic decentralization. Boulder, London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
[38] Olson, M. (1993). Dictatorship, democracy and development. American Political Science Review, 87(3), p. 567-576. Doi:10.2307/2938736.
[39] Onuoha, B. (2004). Footnote on the military and democratic consolidation in Nigeria. In L. Olurode & R. Anifowose (Eds.) Democratization and the military in Nigeria. Publication of the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung. Lagos: Frankad Publishers.
[40] Pie, M. (1998). Is China democratizing? Foreign Affairs, 77(1), p. 68-82.
[41] Powell, B. G. Jr. (1982). Contemporary democracies: Participation, stability, and violence. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
[42] Reddy, P. S. (1999). Local government democratisation and decentralisation: Theoretical considerations, and recent trends and developments. In P. S. Reddy (Ed.) Local government democratisation and decentralisation: A review of the Southern African Region. South Africa: Juta & Co Ltd.
[43] Schmitter, P. C., & Terry, L. K. (1991). What democracy is and is not. Journal of Democracy, 2(3), p. 75-88.
[44] Schumpeter, J. (1947). Capitalism, socialism and democracy (2nd Edition). New York: Harper and Row.
[45] Schwarzmantel, J. (2008). Ideology and politics. Los Angeles: Sage Publication.
[46] Sekgoma, G. A. (1998). The nature and functions of chieftainship in contemporary Botswana: Possibilities for democratization. Gaborone: Pula Press.
[47] Spinrad, W. (1976). Ideology and opinion research in the context of sociology of knowledge. In B. N. Varma (Ed.) The new social sciences. Westport, Connecticut & London, England: Greenwood Press.
[48] Sundler, A. J., Lindberg, E., Nilsson, C. & Palmer, L. (2019). Qualitative thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology. Nursing Open, 6(3), pp. 733-739. Open Access: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/nop2.275
[49] Teshome, B. W. (2008). Democracy and elections in Africa: Critical analysis. International Journal of Human Sciences, 5(2), p. 1-14.
[50] Vaismoradi1, M., Jones, J., Turunen, H., & Snelgrove, S. (2016). Theme development in qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 6(5), pp. 100-110.
[51] Vanhanen, T. (1990). The process of democratization: A comparative study of 147 states, 1980-1988. New York: Crane Russak.
[52] Vanhanen, T. (1997). Prospects of democracy: A study of 172 countries. London: Routledge.
[53] Vilakazi, H. E. (2002). African indigenous knowledge and development policy. Indilinga: African Journal of Indigenous Knowledge System, Vol 1, p. 1-5.
[54] Wamba-Dia-Wamba, E. (1994). Africa in search of a new mode of politics. In U. Himmelstrand, K. Kinyanjui & E. Mburugu (Eds.) African perspectives on development: Controversies, dilemmas and openings. London: James Curry Ltd.
[55] Welch, S. (2013). The theory of political culture. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
[56] Wekwete, K. (2007). Strengthening state performance through decentralized governance. In African Governance Forum (AGF VII) (Ed.) Building the capable state in Africa. Regional Bureau for Africa Publication. New York: U.N. Development Programme.
[57] Wilson, D., & Game, C. (2006). Local government in the United Kingdom. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
[58] World Bank (1996). African development report.. Washington D.C.: A World Bank Publication.
Ikemefuna Taire Paul Okudolo, “An Assessment of Africa’s Philosophy of Local Electoral Democracy and its Ideology of Centralism” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.366-375 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/366-375.pdf
Download PDF
Adaption of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3RS) among market vendors in municipality of Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur
Mierabelle T. Esguerra, Roel Jr. D. Apas – November 2021- Page No.: 376-388
Waste generation in public markets have built up rapidly due to economic and population development which have resulted to harm the environment. This study was undertaken to determine the socio-demographic profile of market vendors specifically in terms of age, gender, civil status and ethnic origin, the adaption of reduce, reuse, and recycle of respondent’s base on socio-demographic profile, the problems encountered in solid waste management and the significant relationship between demographic profiles of the respondents.
The study was accomplished through the use of quantitative method in a correlational research design. A sample of 150 respondents in Santa Cruz Public Market, Davao del Sur were identified as the primary source of information through the use of total enumeration sampling technique. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data which was developed by constructing a three part form, (1) demographic profile, (2) adaption of reduce, reuse, recycle (3R’s), (3) problems encountered in solid waste management. Data gathered from the survey were analyzed by the use of the following statistical tools mainly; mean, relative frequency, standard deviation, and analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Result showed that most of the respondents were female, 38-47 years of age, single, Cebuano in nature and been actively engaged in business operation for 5-15 years. Most of the respondents prefer to adapt the reduce practice followed by recycle and least was reuse. Furthermore, data showed that adaption to 3R practice varies on the demographic profile of the respondents. Highest age group who often adapt the 3R practices were from 48-57 years old (4.23), least were from the ages 28-37 years old (3.37) who tend to adapt sometimes. Based on the data, highest gender who often adapt the 3R practices were male (4.17) over female (3.64). In terms of civil status, separated (4.50) respondents denotes the highest to adapt the 3R practices and least were widow (3.28). Results also revealed that in terms of ethnic origin highest to adapt the 3R practices were the Tagalog (4.55) and least were Chinese (1). Highest to adapt the 3R practice in terms of number of years in business operation were 1-4 years (4.15) and least were 16-25 years (3.40). Accordingly, most common problems encountered involved in the storage facility sanitation, improper segregation, storing and disposal and inadequacy of storage facility as well as segregation. Most common solid waste respondents chose to reduce, reuse, and recycle were plastics and least were metals.
Hence, the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between demographic profile and its solid waste management. On the basis of these findings, the researcher suggested that the Local Government of Santa Cruz must develop an effective and efficient policy that can aid local implementation of waste minimization and conforms to the national law. Utilization of funds for public market maintenance, trainings, seminars and sanitation projects must be prioritize.
Page(s): 376-388 Date of Publication: 04 December 2021
Mierabelle T. Esguerra
Master of Public Administration, Davao del Sur State College, Philippines
Roel Jr. D. Apas
Master of Public Administration, Davao del Sur State College, Philippines
[1] Abarca, L, Maas G, Hogland W. (2013). Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries. Waste Manag. 2013;33:220–32.
[2] Andersson, C., Stage, J., (2018) . Direct and indirect effects of waste management policies on household waste behaviour: the case of Sweden. Waste Manage. 76,19–27.
[3] Ankitagarwal, Ashishsinghmar, Mukulkulshrestha, Atul K. Mittal, (2005). Municipal Solid Waste Recycling and Associated Markets in Delhi, Resources Conservation and Recycling, Vol: 44, No: 1, PP: 73-90.
[4] Aquino, A. P., Deriquito, J. A. P., &Festejo, M. A.(2013).Ecological solid waste management act: Environmental protection through proper solid waste practices.
[5] Babyebonela, T. W. (2013).Local resources management towards sustainable solid waste management: A case of Kinondoni municipality, Dar Es Salaam city.
[6] Beaty, C.(2013). An Introduction to the Three R’s of Sustainability
[7] Bolaane, B. (2006). Constraints to promoting people centred approaches in recycling. Habitat International, 30(4), 731-740.
[8] Clements, J. (2018).What are the 3R’s of Waste Management
[9] Conrad Luttropp, Jan Johanson, (2010).Improved Recycling with Life Cycle Information Tagged to the Product, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol: 18, No: 4, PP: 346- 354
[10] Dangulla, M., and Kasimu, M. Y. (2016). A Systematic Analysis of Urban Sokid Waste Management in Nigeria. A Case Study o Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto Journal of the Social Sciences 6(2) December, ISSN: Print 1595-2738, Online 2384-7654.
[11] Daniel K. Benjamin, (2003). Eight Great Myths of Recycling, Jane S. Shaw (Ed), PERC Policy Series, Issue Number Ps-28, the Center for Free Market Environmentalism, P: 1- 26, Available Online On PERC’s Website
[12] Davis, M. W. (2014). Examining the efficiency and equity of solid waste service production at the City level.
[13] Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA), (2012).South African Environment Outlook: Waste Management – Chapter 13. Pretoria: DEA.
[14] Godfrey, L. (2016).“Honouring Waste Management: Recycling Roadmap.” ReSource 18 (1):17-25.
[15] Greencape(2017).Waste Economy – (2017): Market Intelligence Report. Cape Town:Greencape.
[16] Guerrero L.A; Maas G. and Hogland W., (2013).Solid Waste Management Challenges for cities in developing countries Waste management Vol 33. pp220 – 232.
[17] Ibáñez-Forés, V., Bovea, M.D., Coutinho-Nóbrega, C., de Medeiros-García, H.R.,Barreto-Lins, R., (2018) . Temporal evolution of the environmental performance of implementing selective collection in municipal waste management systems in developing countries: a Brazilian case study. Waste Manage. (Oxford) 72, 65–77.
[18] International Solid Waste Association (ISWA)., (2015).Global Waste Management Outlook.Vienna: ISWA.
[19] Kun Yue, (2012).Comparative Analysis of Scrap Car Recycling Management Policies, The 7th International Conference on Waste Management and Technology, Procedia Environmental Sciences, Vol: 16, PP: 44- 50
[20] Lino F. A. M, and Ismail K. A. R, (2012). Analysis of Potential of Municipal Solid Waste in Brazil, Environmental Development, Vol: 4, PP: 105- 113
[21] Mawis, S. M. (2019). Solid Waste Mismanagement in the Philippines.Inquirer.Net.
[22] Mohan Yellishetty, Gavin M. Mudd, P. G. Ranjith, and a. Tharumarajah,(2011). Environmental Life Cycle Comparisons of Steel Production and Recycling: Sustainability Issues, Problems and Prospects, Environmental Science & Policy, Vol: 14, No: 6, PP: 650- 663.
[23] Nafiz, E.K., Cevat, Y., Yusuf, K., Megan, K.J., Ibrahim, D., (2017).Greenhouse gas contribution of municipal solid waste collection: a case study in the city of Istanbul, Turkey. Waste Manage. Res. 36, 131–139.
[24] National Statistics Office (NSO). (2011). “The official website of the NSO,”
[25] N.O. Adedipe, M.K.C. Sridhar, and Joe Baker, (2005).Ecosystems and Human Well-Being Policy Responses, Chapter 10: Waste Management, Processing and Detoxification, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Series, Edition 1, Island Press, PP.313-334
[26] NSWMC (2015). National Solid Waste Management Status Report, Philippines.
[27] Oliveira, J.P., Doll, C., Kurniawan, T.A., Yong, G., Kapshe, M., Huisingh, D (2013). Promoting win-win situations in climate change mitigation, local environmental quality and development in Asian cities through co-benefits, Journal of Cleaner Production 58, 1–6.
[28] Oyoo, R. R. Leemans and A.P.J. Mol,. (2014). Comparison of Environmental performance for different waste management Scenarios in East Africa: The case of Kampala city Uganda, Habitat International Vol, 44, pp.349–357
[29] Pandey, A. (2013). Waste Processing.Waste Processing Techniques.
[30] Philippines-Canada Local Government Support Program(2003). Solid Waste Management: Options and Solutions at the Local Level, Volume 5 of Service Delivery with Impact: Resource Books for Local Government, Philippines-Canada Local Government Support Program, Philippines
[31] Poswa, T.T. (2001). A comparison of attitudes towards and practices of waste management in three different socio-economic residential areas of Umtata. Published Master’s Thesis, Durban University of Technology, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
[32] Premakumara, D.G.J, Abe, M, Maeda, T., (2011).Reducing Municipal Waste Through Promoting Integrated Sustainable Waste Management (ISWM) Practices in Surabaya City, Indonesia, in Villacampa, Y, Brebbia, C.A (eds.): Eco System and Sustainable Development VIII, WIT Press, UK, pp. 457-470.
[33] World Bank, (2005)., Waste Management in China: Issues and Recommendations, East Asia Infrastructure Department Working
[34] United Nations Environment Programme“UNEP”, (2003).A Manual for Water and Waste Management: What the Tourism Industry Can Do to Improve its Performance, United Nations Publication, (ISBN: 92-807-2343-x), PP: 3-13.
[35] Taiwo, A. M., (2011). Composting as a sustainable waste management technique in developing countries. J Environ Sci Technol. 2011;4(2):93–102.
Mierabelle T. Esguerra, Roel Jr. D. Apas “Adaption of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3RS) among market vendors in municipality of Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.376-388 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/376-388.pdf
Download PDF
Influence of Reward System on Teacher Retention in Public Secondary Schools in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya
Peter Kiio Manundu, Dr. Rose Mwanza and Dr. Janet Mulwa- November 2021- Page No.: 389-396
The study investigated the influence of reward system on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya. A descriptive research design was used. The study targeted 243 respondents consisting of 8 secondary school principals and 235 teachers. A census of 8 school principals was done and stratified sampling method was used. The sample size was 71 teachers. A pilot study was carried out in 1 public secondary school within Starehe Sub-County schools. involving 8 respondents who were purposively selected. Content validity was used to ensure validity. Reliability was measured using Pearson moment correlation formula. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented using bar graphs, pie charts and cross tabulation tables. Qualitative data was analysed thematically based on study objectives and presented in narrative form. The study found that there is a significant influence of reward system on teacher retention in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya. According to the findings, 71.5% of principals firmly believe that reward system builds a positive school culture which makes teachers to be more willing to put forth extra effort on important tasks. The study concluded that reward systems are critical for motivating teachers and increasing retention. Furthermore, the study concluded that reward systems foster a positive school culture by putting teachers in a position to do more and improve their work performance. The study recommends that the school management should take stock of current reward practices and take corrective and preventive actions to reduce teacher turnover. The school should consider proving more creative financial and non-financial rewards to attract and retain teachers.
Page(s): 389-396 Date of Publication: 04 December 2021
Peter Kiio Manundu
Master of Education Student, South Eastern Kenya University
Dr. Rose Mwanza
Lecturer, South Eastern Kenya University
Dr. Janet Mulwa
Lecturer, South Eastern Kenya University
[1] Armstrong M. & Murlis H. (2017). Rewards Management: A Hand book of Remuneration Strategy and Practice Clays Ltd, St Ives plc. Fifth edition
[2] Armstrong, M. (2010). Armstrong’s essential human resource management practice: A guide to people management. Journal of accounting and economics, 50(2-3), 179 – 234
[3] Baumeister, R. F. S., & Voh, K. D. (2014). Handbook of Self regulation: Research, theory and applications. New York: Guilford Press
[4] Bhattacharya, M. (2009). Role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in user social media acceptance within workspace: Assessing unobserved heterogeneity. International Journal of Information Management, 37(2), 1-13.
[5] Boyd, D., Lankford, H., Loeb, S., Ronfeldt, M., & Wyckoff, J. (2011). The effect of school neighborhoods on teacher retention decisions (Working paper). Retrieved July 10, 2010, from http://www.stanford.edu/~sloeb/papers/ Neighborhoods%2006Jan2010.pdf
[6] Chandler, J. (2015). The role of location in the recruitment and retention of teachers in international schools. Journal of Research in International Education, 9(3), 214-226.
[7] Chiang, F. & Birtch, T. (2013). Appraising performance across borders: An empirical examination of the purposes and practices of performance appraisal in a multi-country context. Journal of Management Studies, 47(7), 1365-1393
[8] Chitimwango, M. (2016). Effects of Reward System on Teacher Performance: A Case of Three Secondary Schools in Kasama District, Zambia. Master’s of Education , Zambia University
[9] Dewhurst, M., Guthridge, M. & Mohr, E. (2010). Motivating people: getting beyond money. McK- insey Quarterly, (1), 12-15
[10] Dworkin, A., Saha, L., & Hill, A. (2017). Teacher burnout and perceptions of a democratic school environment. International Education Journal, 4(2), 108-120
[11] Elfers, A. M., Plecki, M. L., & Knapp, M. S. (2016). Teacher mobility: Looking more closely at” the movers” within a state system. Peabody Journal of Education, 81(3), 94-127
[12] Fuhrmann, T. D. (2016). Motivating Employees. Advances in Diary Technology, 1(8), 67 – 84
[13] Gatere, M. S. (2015). Teachers’ perception of the performance based rewards and commitment in public secondary schools In kikuyu sub-county (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
[14] Gerritsen, S., Kuijpers, S., & Vandersteeg, M. (2019). The effects of higher teacher pay on teacher retention (No. 316. rdf). CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
[15] Government of Kenya (2008). Ministry of Education report on Teacher Retention rate
[16] Harpaz, I. (1990). The importance of work goals: An international perspective. Journal of international business studies, 21(1), 75-93.
[17] Harris, D. N. & Adams, S. J. (2018). Understanding the level and causes of teacher turnover: A comparison with other professions. Economics of Education Review, 26(3), 325-337
[18] Herzberg, F. (1964). The Motivation-Hygiene Concept and Problems of Manpower. Personnel Administrator, (27), 3-7
[19] Hughes, G. D. (2017). Teacher retention: Teacher characteristics, school characteristics, organizational characteristics, and teacher efficacy. The Journal of Educational Research, 105(4), 245-255
[20] Iddah, K. Nicholas, M. M., & Thinguri, R. (2014). An evaluation of the effectiveness of school based reward systems in enhancing teacher performance in secondary schools in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research, 2(4), 463 – 474
[21] Ingersoll, R. M., Merrill, L., & May, H. (2017). Retaining teachers: How preparation matters. Educational Leadership, 69(8), 30-34.
[22] Kituyi, I., Musau, N. M., & Thinguri, R. (2014). An evaluation of the effectiveness of school based reward systems in enhancing teacher retention in secondary schools in Kenya. International Journal of Education and Research, 2(4), 463 – 474
[23] Makhuzeni, B., & Barkhuizen, E. N. (2015). The effect of a total rewards strategy on school teachers’ retention. Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(1), 12 – 23
[24] Misra, P., & Dixit, V. (2013). Compensation: Impact of Rewards, Organizational Justice on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions in Retail Store Operations–A Study of Delhi and NCR. In Proceedings of the Inter-national Conference on Business Management and Information Systems, 4(1), 213 – 225
[25] Muralidharan, K., & Sundararaman, V. (2011). Teacher performance pay: Experimental evidence from India. Journal of political Economy, 119(1), 39-77.
[26] Naveda, H. (2016). The impact of reward on teachers’ retention at secondary level in Malaysia. Educational International Journal, 1(2), 45 – 56
[27] Ohba, A. (2011). The abolition of secondary school fees in Kenya: Responses by the poor. International Journal of Educational Development, 31(4), 402-408
[28] Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. (2007). Organizational Behavior, 13th edition
[29] Shakir, N., & Zamir, S. (2013). Impact of Reward on Teachers’ Performance at Secondary Level. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(4), 107 – 112
[30] Sichari, M., Odera, F., & Okello, L. M. (2017). Impact of reward system on retention of secondary school teachers’ in Homa Bay County of Kenya. International Journal of Academic Scientific Research, 5(1), 227-236
[31] Sunday, D. A. F. (2018). Salary Structure and Teacher Retention in Secondary Schools in Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Education, 2(1), 23 – 39
[32] TSC Strategic Plan, 2015-2019: www.tsc.go.ke
[33] Tumaini, M. (2015). The contribution of non-monetary incentives to Teachers Retention in Public Secondary Schools in Korogwe Urban (Doctoral dissertation, The Open University of Tanzania).
[34] Wilson, N. J. (2010). New Zealand highrisk offenders: Who are they and what are the issues in their management and treatment? New Zealand. Department of Corrections Psychological Service
[35] Zingheim, M., & Schuster, N. (2015). Total rewards and retention: Case study of higher education institutions in Pakistan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(1), 251 – 259.
Peter Kiio Manundu, Dr. Rose Mwanza and Dr. Janet Mulwa, “Influence of Reward System on Teacher Retention in Public Secondary Schools in Kamukunji Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.389-396 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/389-396.pdf
Download PDF
The Nile-Horn Nexus: Is a New Shatter Belt in the Making?
Aklilu Gebretinsae Andemikael – November 2021- Page No.: 397-403
By using a Shatter Belt Theory as a conceptual framework and a qualitative analysis, this research attempts to answer the question if a new shatter-belt region is in the making as a result of the growing connection between the Nile water politics, the geo politics of the Horn of Africa and presence of foreign powers in the Nile-Horn Region.
A Shatter Belt Theory provides the opportunity to critically expound various patterns of interactions within a certain region that is endowed with plentiful natural resources, has geostrategic importance, gulped in interstate and intrastate conflicts and when these fundamental reasons cumulatively make the region prone to a number of interventions by both regional, extra-regional and global powers.
This research concludes that the Nile-Horn region has all the core elements that all Shatter Belt regions have. The abundant water resources and other natural resources it has; its strategic importance; the multi-dimensional conflicts among states and within the states; as well as the pervasiveness of intervention from regional and extra-regional states all make this Region quite similar with its neighboring shatter belt regions of Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. Hence, the Nile-Horn fits to be called a shatter belt region.
Page(s): 397-403 Date of Publication: 04 December 2021
Aklilu Gebretinsae Andemikael
PhD Candidate, Department of International Relations, School of International and Public Affairs, Jilin University, People’s Republic of China
[1] Abdi, R. (2017). A Dangerous Gulf in the Horn: How the Inter-Arab Crisis Is Fuelling Regional Tensions. International Crisis Group. August 3. 2017https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/gulf-andarabian-peninsula/dangerous-gulf-horn-how-inter-arab-crisis-fuelling-regional-tensions.
[2] Al Taweel, A. ( 2020). Sudan -Red Sea basin: Four ways to make or break stability. The Red Sea Dynamics Part 8: The Africa Report. Wednesday, December, 2 2020 10:02. Accessed on 22 April, 2021 2GMT. https://www.theafricareport.com/51998/sudan-red-sea-basin-four-ways-to-make-or-break-stability/
[3] Beyene, A. D.(2020). The Horn of Africa and the Gulf: Shifting power plays in the Red Sea. The Red Sea Dynamics Part 4: The Africa Report. Wednesday, 2 December 2020. Accessed on 22 April 2021 2 GMT. https://www.theafricareport.com/50499/the-horn-of-africa-and-the-gulf-shifting-power-plays-in-the-red-sea
[4] Bruton, Bronwyn (2021). Eritrea: Coming In from the Cold. Atlantic Council. December 2016: downloaded from 222.27.72.49 on Tue, 02 Mar 2021 15:17:09 UTC;
[5] Clapham, C. (2017) . The Horn of Africa. State Formation and Decay. Oxford University Press, 2017
[6] Cohen, S. B. (2015). Geopolitics: The Geography of International Relations. Maryland, Rowman and Littlefield, 3rd ed.
[7] De Waal, A. ( 2020). The Red Sea: A vital artery for the world economy. The Red Sea Dynamics. Part 3. The Africa Report. Wednesday, 2 December 2020 09:58. Accessed on 22 April, 2021 2GMT. https://www.theafricareport.com/50046/the-red-sea-a-vital-artery-for-the-world-economy/
[8] Elhance, A.P. (1997). Conflict and Cooperation over Water in the Aral Sea Basin. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism. Vol. 20, No. 2. 1997:
[9] Elmi, A., and Mohammed, S. (2016). The Role of the GCC Countries in Ending Piracy in the Horn of Africa. Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies . Sep 2016 downloaded from 222.27.72.49 on Tue, 02 Mar 2021 15:33:58 UTC
[10] Estelle, E. (2018). Ethiopia’s Strategic Importance: US National Security Interests at Risk in the Horn of Africa. American Enterprise Institute (AEI). September 12, 2018
[11] White, G.W. (2009). Irredentism: Frostburg State University, Frostburg, MD, USA.
[12] Kameri-Mbote, P. (2007). Water, Conflict and Cooperation: Lessons from the Nile River Basin, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Navigating Peace no. 4. 2007 p: 24
[13] Li, A., et al (2016). African Studies in China in the 21st Century: A Historiographical Survey. Brazilian Journal of African Studies, 1, no. 2. 2016. pp:48–88.
[14] Mahmood, S. O. (2019). Competition, Cooperation and Security in the Red Sea. Institute for Security Studies. East Africa Report 24, August. 2019.
[15] Markakis, J. (2003). The Horn of Conflict. Review of African Political Economy. Sep. 2003. pp: 359-362
[16] Maru, M.T. (2017). A Regional Power in the Making: Ethiopian Diplomacy in the Horn of Africa. South African Institute of International Affairs. June 2017. Downloaded from 222.27.72.49 on Tue, 02 Mar 2021 15:18:10 UTC
[17] Mourad, H. (2019). Bab Al-Mandeb Strait: Sino-American duel in the Red Sea. Thursday 3 Jan 2019 ahramonline https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/321123.aspx
[18] Servant, J. C. ( 2009). China’s Trade Safari in Africa. Le Monde Diplomatique. http://mondediplo.com/2005/05/11chinafrica: 2009, accessed 18 March 2021
[19] Shinn, D. (2018). Red Sea Region, Competing Outside Powers Complicate U.S. Interests. The United States Institute of Peace. Wednesday, December 19, 2018 https://www.usip.org/publications?publication_type%5B0%5D=12
[20] Shinn, D. (2020). The Red Sea: A magnet for outside powers vying for its control. The Red Sea Dynamics Part 9: The Africa Report. 27 November 2020 11:52. Accessed on 22 April, 2021 2GMT https://www.theafricareport.com/52152/the-red-sea-a-magnet-for-outside-powers-vying-for-its-control/
[21] Sola-Martin, A. (2020). Ports, military bases and treaties: Who’s who in the Red Sea? The Red Sea Dynamics Part 2. The Africa Report. 2 December 2020 09:56. Accessed on 22 April, 2021 2GMT https://www.theafricareport.com/49957/ports-military-bases-and-treaties-whos-who-in-the-red-sea/.
[22] Wolf, A. (1996). Middle East Water Conflicts and Directions for Conflict Resolution. Food, Agriculture, and the Environment Discussion Paper 12. International Food Policy Research Institute. March, 1996. P: 3
[23] World Population Review (2021). www.wpr.org visited on April 10, 2021
[24] Zeitoun, M. and Warner, J. (2006). Hydro-hegemony: A Framework for Analysis of Transboundary Water Conflicts. Water Policy. vol 8, no 5, 2006 pp:435–460
[25] Zulfqar, S. (2018). Competing Interests of Major Powers in the Middle East: The Case Study of Syria and Its Implications for Regional Stability. Journal of International Affairs: Spring, 2018 Vol XXIII- no 1.Centre for Strategic Research
Aklilu Gebretinsae Andemikael , “The Nile-Horn Nexus: Is a New Shatter Belt in the Making?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.397-403 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/397-403.pdf
Download PDF
Utilization of Field Trips in the Teaching of Social Studies in Colleges of Education in the Volta Region, Ghana
Comfort Adjoa Addo- November 2021- Page No.: 404-412
The aim of the study was to examine how field trips could be utilized in the teaching of Social Studies in Colleges of Education in the Volta Region of Ghana. In this regard, four research questions were formulated to guide the study. To answer these research questions, the researcher adopted the descriptive survey approach for the study. Thus, the researcher collected and analysed data quantitatively. The population of the study included Social Studies tutors and students of Social Studies department in the Colleges of Education in the Volta Region. The purposive sampling technique was employed to select 35 tutors while the simple random sampling method was used to select 316 students. Data were collected using two sets of questionnaires. The data were analysed using frequency counts and percentages and presented using tables and charts. The findings of the study revealed that the main methods of integrating field trips is to embark on field trips as stated by about 91.4% of the tutors and 91.2% of the students. The findings also revealed the use of virtual reality animations and models. In addition, the study revealed that majority of the students have positive perception about field trips since 73.7% of them prefer field trips that are more educational than fun. However, 65.7% of tutors stated otherwise. Further, 94.3% of the tutors and 79.5% of the students indicated that organising field trips is stressful. It has been recommended that appropriate procedures are adopted for students and tutors in order to facilitate the organisation of field trips.
Page(s): 404-412 Date of Publication: 06 December 2021
Comfort Adjoa Addo
Department of Social Sciences, Accra College of Education, Ghana
[1] Ahmed, S. (2011). Improving cognitive development in secondary chemistry through Gagne’s Events of Instruction. Journal of Education and Practice, 2(4), 140-148.
[2] Amineh, R. J., & Davatgari, H. (2015). Review of Constructivism and Social Constructivism. Journal of Social Sciences, Literature and Languages, 1(1), 9-16,
[3] Anderson, L. H. (1999). Speak. New York, NY: Viking/Penguin.
[4] Ary, D., Jacobs, L., & Razavieh, A. (2006). Introduction to Research in Education. Fort Worth, TX: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
[5] Ayaaba, D. A., & Odumah, L. K. (2007). Skills and Techniques of Teaching Social Studies. Cape Coast, Ghana: Yaci Publication.
[6] Bamberger, Y., & Tal, T. (2007). Learning in a personal context: Levels of choice in a free choice learning environment in science and natural history museums. Science Education, 91(1), 75-95.
[7] Beaudoin, M. N., & Taylor, M. (2004). Breaking the Culture of Bullying and Disrespect, Grades K-8: Best practices and successful strategies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
[8] Bitgood, S. (1989). School field trips: An overview. Visitor Behavior, 4(2), 3-6.
[9] Boyle, M. P., Schmierbach, M., Armstrong, C. L., McLeod, D. M., Shah, D. V., & Pan, Z. (2004). Information seeking and emotional reactions to the September 11 terrorist attacks. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 81(1), 155-167.
[10] Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Hermanson, K. (1995). What makes visitors want to learn? Intrinsic motivation in museums. Museum News, 74(3), 34-37.
[11] Derry, S. (1996). Cognitive schema theory in the constructivist debate. Educational Psychologist, 31(3) 163–74.
[12] Dewey, J. (1938). The pattern of inquiry. The Essential Dewey, 2, 169-179.
[13] Dubey, D. L., & Berth, J. C. (1980). Social Studies: The enquiry method approach. Lagos, Nigeria: Thomas Nelson (Nig.) Ltd.
[14] Falk, J. H., & Dierking, L. D. (1997). School field trips: Assessing their long‐term impact. Curator: The Museum Journal, 40(3), 211-218.
[15] Falk, J., & Balling, J. (1980). The school fieldtrip: Where you go makes a difference. Science and Children, 17(6), 6-8.
[16] Ferry, B. (1995). Enhancing environmental experiences through effective partnerships among teacher educators, field study centers, and schools. The Journal of Experiential Education, 18(3), 133-137.
[17] Gagne, R. M., Wager, W. W., Golas, K. C. & Keller, J. M (2005). Principles of Instructional Design (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
[18] Gilbert, J., & Priest, M. (1997). Models and discourse: A primary school science class visit to a museum. Science Education, 81(6), 749-762.
[19] Good, T. L., & Brophy, J. E. (1990). Educational Psychology: A realistic Approach, (4th ed.) White Plains, NY: Longman.
[20] Gross, R. E; Messick, R.; Chaplin, J. R. & Sutherland, G. (1981). Social Studies for our times. Toronto, Canada: John Wiley.
[21] Hanson, R., & Asante, J. N. (2014). An exploration of experiences in using the hybrid MOODLE Approach in the delivery and learning situations at the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(12), 18-24.
[22] Hug, J. W., & Wilson, P. J. (1965). Curriculum Enrichment Outdoors. Evanston, IL: Harper & Row.
[23] Kern, E., & Carpenter, J. (1984). Enhancement of student values, interests, and attitudes in earth science through a field-oriented approach. Journal of Geological Education, 32, 299-305.
[24] Krepel, W. J., & Duvall, C. R. (1981). Field trips: A guide for planning and conducting educational experiences. Washington, DC: National Education Association.
[25] Lahey, B. B. (2004). Psychology: An introduction (8th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill.
[26] Lei, S.A. (2010a). Assessment practices of advanced field ecology courses. Education, 130(3), 404-415.
[27] Lei, S.A. (2010b). Field trips in college biology and ecology courses: Revisiting benefits and drawbacks. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 37(1), 42-48
[28] Mackenzie, A., & White, R. (1981). Fieldwork in geography and long-term memory structures. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association, Los Angeles, CA.
[29] Martorella, P. (1985). Elementary Social Studies: Development reflective, competent and concerned citizens. Boston, MA: Little Brown Company.
[30] Meredith, J. E., Fortner, R. W., & Mullins, G. W. (1997). Model of affective learning for nonformal science education facilities. Journal of Research in Science Teaching: The Official Journal of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching, 34(8), 805-818.
[31] Michie, M. (1998). Factors influencing secondary science teachers to organize and conduct fieldtrips. Australian Science Teacher’s Journal, 44(4), 43-50.
[32] Miglietta, A. M., Belmonte, G., & Boero, F. (2008). A summative evaluation of science learning: A case study of the Marine Biology Museum “Pietro Parenzan” (South East Italy). Visitor Studies, 11(2), 213-219.
[33] National Council for Social Studies (1992). National Curriculum Standards for Social Studies: Executive Summary. Retrieved from https://www.socialstudies.org/standards /execsummary.
[34] Ngussa, B. M. (2014). Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction in Teaching-Learning Transaction: Evaluation of Teachers by High School Students in Musoma-Tanzania. International Journal of Education and Research, 2(7), 1-11.
[35] Okunloye, R. W. (1988). Teachers Perception of the Concept and purpose of Social Studies in Secondary Schools in Ilorin LGA of Kwara State. University of Ilorin, (Unpublished Master’s Dissertation), Ilorin, Nigeria.
[36] Orion, N. (1993). A model for the development and implementation of field trips as an integral part of the science curriculum. School Science and Mathematics, 93(6), 325-331.
[37] Orion, N., & Hofstein, A. (1994). Factors that influence learning during a scientific field trip in a natural environment. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(10), 1097-1119.
[38] Piaget, J. (1937). La construction du réel chez l’enfant. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net.
[39] Quartey, S. M. (1984). Methods book for Social Studies. Lagos, Nigeria: Orit Egwa Ltd.F
[40] Quashigah, A. Y., Kankam, B., Bekoe, S. O., Eshun, I., & Bordoh, A. (2015). Teacher-trainees’ varying curriculum conceptions of Social Studies in the Colleges of Education (CoE) in Ghana. American Journal of Social Science Research, 1(3), 125-135.
[41] Reiser, R. A & Dempsey, J. V. (2007). Trends and issues in instructional design and technology (2nd ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
[42] Rennie, L. (2007). Values of science portrayed in out-of-school contexts. In The re-emergence of values in science education (pp. 197-212). Brill Sense.
[43] Rix, C., & McSorley, J. (1999). An investigation into the role that school-based interactive science centres may play in the education of primary-aged children. International Journal of Science Education, 21(6), 577-593.
[44] Salmi, H. (2003). Science centres as learning laboratories. International Journal of Technology Management, 25(5), 460-475.
[45] Simon, H. A. (2001). Learning to research about learning. In Cognitionand instruction, S. M. Carver & D. Klahr (Eds), (pp. 205–26). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
[46] Spiro, R. J., Feltovich, P. J., Jacobson, M. J., & Coulson, R. L. (1992). Cognitive flexibility, constructivism, and hypertext: Random access instruction for advanced knowledge acquisition in ill-structured domains. In L. P. Steffe & J. E. Gale (Eds.), Constructivism in education, (pp. 121–128). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
[47] Storksdieck, M., Robbins, D., & Kreisman, S. (2007). Results from the quality field trip study: Assessing the LEAD program in Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland, OH: Summit Proceedings.
[48] Suhendi, A., & Purwarno, P. (2018), “Constructivist learning theory: the contribution to foreign language learning and teaching” in The 1st Annual International Conference on Language and Literature, KnE Social Sciences & Humanities, pp. 87–95. DOI 10.18502/kss.v3i4.1921
[49] Tal, R. T., & Morag, O. (2009). Reflective practice as a means for preparing to teach outdoors in an ecological garden. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 20(3), 245-262.
[50] Tal, T., & Steiner, L. (2006). Patterns of teacher–museum staff relationships: School visits to the educational center of a science museum. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 6, 25–46.
[51] Tschannen-Moran, M., & Gareis, C. (2015). Principals, trust, and cultivating vibrant schools. Societies, 5(2), 256-276.
[52] Wellington, J. (1990). Formal and informal learning in science: The role of the interactive science centres. Physics Education, 25, 247-252.
Comfort Adjoa Addo, “Utilization of Field Trips in the Teaching of Social Studies in Colleges of Education in the Volta Region, Ghana” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.404-412 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/404-412.pdf
Download PDF
Tracer Study of STAs and Scholars of UM Panabo College
Amelie L. Chico, DM, FRIM – November 2021- Page No.: 413-421
Every academic institution’s goal is to produce competent and highly qualified graduates that can eventually be competitive in a local and global arena. A graduate tracer study is a very powerful tool that can provide valuable information for evaluating the whereabouts and performance of the graduates in the workplace. This study aimed to keep track of all the scholars who were graduates of the UM Panabo College by utilizing the GTS (Graduate Tracer Study) of Commission on Higher Education. Results revealed that most of the graduates were in their early 20s and have just recently graduated from the university. Furthermore, they were able to find a job through someone they knew. Most of the graduates have jobs related to their respective degree programs of which their courses are readily available in the host institution. All of them are currently employed in the Philippines with regular/permanent status. Majority of them stays in the job because of its relevance to their field of specialization. It is notable that almost of the competencies were useful in their first job. Thus, there should be career enhancement for the graduates of the institution.
Page(s): 413-421 Date of Publication: 06 December 2021
Amelie L. Chico, DM, FRIM
Research Coordinator -University of Mindanao, Philippines
[1] Archer, W., & Davison, J. (2008). Graduate employability. The council for industry and Higher Education
[2] Buenviaje, M. G., del Mundo, G. V., Añonuevo, F., & Martinez, M. (2015). Employability of Business and Computer Management Graduates of one Higher Education Institution in the Philippines. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 3(5).
[3] Calma, R. R. (2020). A Tracer Study of the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) Graduates from 2016-2018. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341342842_A_Tracer_Study_of_the_Bachelor_of_Science_in_Business_Administration_BSBA_Graduates_of_an_Academic_Institution_from_2016_to_2018
[4] Calma, R. R. (2020). A Tracer Study of the Bachelor of Science in Accountancy Graduates from 2013-2015. https://researchgate.net/publication/341276111
[5] Celis, M. I. Festijo, B., and Cueto, A. (2013). A Tracer Study for Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management. Asian Academic Research Journal of Multidisciplinary. Vol. 1, Issue 11. July 2013
[6] Dacre Pool, L., & Sewell, P. (2007). The key to employability: developing a practical model of graduate employability. Education+ Training, 49(4), 277-289.
[7] Evangelista, D. C. (2015). An Undergraduate Thesis. A Tracer Study of the Graduates of Bachelor of Arts Major in Political Science of the University of Rizal System Pililla, Academic Year 2008-2013.
[8] Gagalang, J., Francisco, L., Regalado, B. A Tracers Study on the Graduates of Bachelor of Science in Psychology of URS PILILLA AY’s 2010-2013. http://dx.doi.or/10.21474/IJAR01/5969
[9] Gino, F., Wilmuth, C. A and Wood, B. A., (2015) Compared to men, women view professional advancement as equally attainable but less desirable. PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America. https://www.pnas.org/content/112/40/12354#ref-list-1
[10] Lindsay, A. (1992). Concepts of quality in higher education.Journal of Tertiary Educational Administration, 14(2), 153-163.
[11] Mason, G., Williams, G., & Cranmer, S. (2009). Employability skills initiatives in higher education: what effects do they have on graduate labour market outcomes?.Education Economics, 17(1), 1-30.
[12] Plessis, Susan du (2021) Five Reasons why grades are important: https://www.edubloxtutor.com/5-reasons-grades-important/
[13] Rowley, J. (1996). Measuring quality in higher education.Quality in Higher Education, 2(3), 237-255.
[14] Schomburg, H. (2003). Handbook for Tracer Studies. Centre for Research on Higher Education and Work, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstrasse, 17, 34109.
[15] Stahl, A. (2016). Employers, take note: Here’s What Employees Really Want. Retrieved from https:///www.forbes.com/sites/ashleystahl/2016/10/12/employers-take-note-heres-what-employees-really-want/#7c637351c83d
[16] Zhang, L. (2005). Do measures of college quality matter? The effect of college quality on graduates’ earnings.The Review of Higher Education, 28(4), 571-596.
Amelie L. Chico, DM, FRIM , “Tracer Study of STAs and Scholars of UM Panabo College” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.413-421 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/413-421.pdf
Download PDF
Determinants of Help-Seeking behavior of schizophrenia Caregiver in Indonesia
Dahniar, Marty Mawarpury, Suryane Sulistiana Susanti, Hermansyah, Marthoenis – November 2021- Page No.: 422-424
In low and middle-income countries, family-caregivers of patients with schizophrenia are usually the ones who seek aid for schizophrenic patients. Caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia may seek assistance from health facilities for a variety of reasons. The goal of this study was to find out what factors influence family-caregivers of schizophrenia patients requesting treatment.
Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional research with family caregivers of schizophrenia patients was conducted. As many as 162 respondents were chosen using a systematic random selection procedure. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect data on respondents’ characteristics and their help-seeking behavior.
Findings: The range of age was between 40 to 65 years old. More than half were female (54.3%), married (61.1%), lower education level (66.7%), unemployed (64.2%), lower income (59.9%), and lived in the rural area (58%). Statistical analysis found several variables associated with help-seeking behavior, including gender, education, income, previous treatment, and residence (p<0.05).
Page(s): 422-424 Date of Publication: 06 December 2021
Dahniar
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
Marty Mawarpury
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
Suryane Sulistiana Susanti
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
Hermansyah
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
Marthoenis
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
[1] Girma, E., & Tesfaye, M. (2011). Patterns of treatment seeking behavior for mental illnesses in Southwest Ethiopia: A hospital based study. BMC Psychiatry, 11, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-11-138
[2] Henderson, C., Evans-Lacko, S., & Thornicroft, G. (2013). Mental illness stigma, help seeking, and public health programs. American Journal of Public Health, 103(5), 777–780. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301056
[3] Hyland, P., Boduszek, D., Dhingra, K., Shevlin, M., Maguire, R., & Morley, K. (2014). British Journal of Guidance & A test of the inventory of attitudes towards seeking mental health services. (December). https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2014.963510
[4] Mackenzie, C. S., Knox, V. J., Gekoski, W. L., & Macaulay, H. L. (2004). An adaptation and extension of the attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help scale. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34(11), 2410–2433. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb01984.x
[5] Manumba, R., & Achir Yani Syuhaimi Hamid. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pencarian bantuan pada orang dengan gangguan jiwa 1. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 3(4), 391–402.
[6] Marthoenis, M., Aichberger, M. C., & Schouler-Ocak, M. (2016). Patterns and Determinants of Treatment Seeking among Previously Untreated Psychotic Patients in Aceh Province, Indonesia: A Qualitative Study. Scientifica, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9136079
[7] Poreddi, V., Birudu, R., Thimmaiah, R., & Math, S. B. (2015). Mental health literacy among caregivers of persons with mental illness: A descriptive survey. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, 6(3), 355–360. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.154571
[8] Umubyeyi, A., Mogren, I., Ntaganira, J., & Krantz, G. (2016). Help-seeking behaviours, barriers to care and self-efficacy for seeking mental health care: a population-based study in Rwanda. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(1), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1130-2
[9] Yalvaç Elif, Dilek, HayriyeMutlu, A., Kotan, Z., & Özer, İ. (2016). Explanatory Models of Illness , Help Seeking Behaviours and Related Factors in Patients with Schizophrenia : A Comparative Study from Two Diferent Provinces of Turkey. Community Mental Health Journal, 0(0), 0. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-016-0074-7
[10] Yeshanew, B., Belete, A., & Necho, M. (2020). Help-seeking intention and associated factors towards mental illness among residents of Mertule Mariam town, East Gojam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A mixed-method study. Annals of General Psychiatry, 19(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-020-00261-y
[11] Yin, H., Wardenaar, K. J., Xu, G., Tian, H., & Schoevers, R. A. (2020). Mental health stigma and mental health knowledge in Chinese population: A cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02705-x
Dahniar, Marty Mawarpury, Suryane Sulistiana Susanti, Hermansyah, Marthoenis “Determinants of Help-Seeking behavior of schizophrenia Caregiver in Indonesia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.422-424 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/422-424.pdf
Download PDF
The Nexus between the Establishment of an Enabling Environment and Local Economic Development in the City of Harare
Anesu Mironga- November 2021- Page No.: 425-431
The ways in which local governments advance and put into operation their policies on the establishment of a conducive environment for businesses to thrive and flourish has great effect and impact on the development of an area. The main actor in Local Economic Development (LED) is local government and it should support the establishment of a conducive and enabling environment that is developmental and facilitates local businesses to grow and succeed. There should be mutual symbiotic relationships between communities, business and local government for Local Economic Development to take place. The study examined the nexus between the establishment of a conducive and enabling environment and local economic development in the City of Harare. Results from this study should assist local authorities in their quest to provide the best for citizens in terms of service delivery and good governance. The study’s major goal was to see if the creation of an enabling environment could help people succeed. The study’s major goal was to examine the notion that creating an enabling environment leads to local economic development. The study focused on business operators in Machipisa, Mbare Musika and the Central Business District of Harare. The perceptions of these operators and business owners were investigated. A total of 65 business operators were interviewed in the three areas using a structured questionnaire based on Enabling Developmental Environment Scale (EDES). Statistical analysis of data was done through Statistical Package for Social Sciences using descriptive analysis. The results revealed that there is a strong positive correlation (correlation coefficient above 0) between an enabling environment and economic growth. This implies that the more the local governments invest in creating an enabling environment the more economic development is achieved.
Page(s): 425-431 Date of Publication: 06 December 2021
Anesu Mironga
College of Business, Peace, Leadership and Governance, Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe
[1] Apuke, O. D. (2017). Quantitative Research Methods: A Synopsis approach. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 6(11), 40-47.
[2] Aronoff, S., (1989). Geographic Information Systems: A
Management Perspective. Ottawa: WDL Publications
[3] Awal, M., & Hassan, S. (2019, October 28). High taxes choking small businesses to the grave. The Standard, p. 1.
[4] CCC. (2012). Enabling Environment for local development actors. Cambodia: Cooperation Committee for Cambodia .
[5] Closs, D. J., & Bolumole, Y. A. (2015). Transportation’s Role in Economic Development and Regional Supply Chain Hubs. Transportation Journal, 54(1), 33-54. doi:10.5325/transportationj.54.1.0033.
[6] Collins, H. (2011). Creative Research: The Theory and Practice of Research for the Creative Industries. AVA Publications.
[7] Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design- qualitative, quantitative & mixed methods approaches (4th Ed). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
[8] Dallago, B., & Tortia, E. (2019). Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development: A Comparative Perspective on Entrepreneurs, Universities and Governments. London: Routledge, ISBN 9780367586188.
[9] Dangra, A. (2016, August 2). The Missing Piece in India’s Economic Growth Story: Robust Infrastructure. Retrieved from S & P Global: https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/articles/the-missing-piece-in-indias-economic-growth-story-robust-infrastructure
[10] Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011). The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. USA: Sage Publications.
[11] Dewa, D., Dziva, C., & Mukwashi, K. (2014). Exploring local governance challenges in Zimbabwe under the government of National unity era 2(8). International Journal of Political Science Development, 188-196, https://DOI: 10.14662/IJPSD2014.038.
[12] Dube, C. (2019). Main bottlenecks at the local authority level that could pose challenges for growth and sustainability. Harare: Zimbabwe Economic Policy Analysis and Research Unit.
[13] EDA. (2018, 18 July). How Local Government can create a business enabling environment. Retrieved from Economic Development Australia: https://www.edaustralia.com.au/event/creating-a-more-enabling-local-business-environment/
[14] FAO. (2020). Analyzing food security using household survey data. Retrieved from FAO: http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/ess/foodsecurity/Analyzing_Food_Security_Using_Household_Survey_Data.pdf
[15] Gaal, H. O., & Afrah, N. A. (2017). Lack of Infrastructure: The Impact on Economic Development as a case of Benadir region and Hir-shabelle, Somalia. Developing Country Studies, 7(1), 49-55.
[16] Gentry, P. M. (2013). Developing Whole Communities: Community Economic Development and Locally Based Sustainable Agriculture. Duke: Duke Law Community Enterprise Clinic.
[17] Hofisi, C., Mbeba, R., Maredza, A., & Choga. (2013). Scoring local economic development goals in South Africa: why local government is failing to score. 591-595.
[18] Joshi, A., Kale, S., & Pal, D. K. (2015). Likert Scale: Explored and Explained. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396-403.
[19] Khambule, I. (2018). The role of local economic development agencies in developmental state ambitions. Local economy, 33(3), 287-306.
[20] King, B., & Osei, E. (2018). Human Resources Development for Economic Development ‐ examples and lessons from ACP countries. Brussels: ACP‐EU Economic and Social Unit.
[21] Kline, P., & Moretti, E. (2016). People, Places, and Public Policy: Some Simple Welfare Economics of Local Economic Development Programs. Annual Review of Economics, 6(1), 629-662.
[22] Konig, G., Da Silva, C. A., & Mhlanga, N. (2013). Enabling Environments for Agri-business and Agro-industries Development. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
[23] Lechissa, M. (2017). Qualitative Research Methods – Training. Bahir Dar: Bahir Dar University.
[24] Leigh, N. G., & Blakely, E. J. (2013). Planning local economic development: Theory & economic development: Theory & practice (5th edition). New-York: SAGE Publications.
[25] Mandisvika, G. (2015). The Role and Importance of Local Economic Development in Urban Development: A Case of Harare. Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education, 2015, 4(3), 198-209.
[26] Masuku, M., Jili, N., & Selepe, B. (2016). The implementation of Local Economic Development initiatives towards poverty alleviation in Big 5 False Bay Local Municipality. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 5(4), 1-11.
[27] McKague, K., & Siddiquee, M. (2014). Improving the Enabling Environment. In K. McKague, & M. Siddiquee, Making Markets More Inclusive (pp. 125-132). New York: Palgrave Macmillan, https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137373755_9.
[28] McQuaid, R. (2013). The Theory of Partnerships Why have Partnerships. In S. Osborne, Managing public-private partnerships for public services: an international perspective (pp. 9-35). London: Routledge.
[29] Meyer, D. F. (2014). Local Government’s Role in the Creation of an Enabling Developmental Environment. Administration Publica, 22(1), 24-46.
[30] Meyer, D. F., & Keyser, E. (2017). Formulation and validation of an Enabling Developmental Environment Scale (EDES) for local economic development (LED). Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 9(6), 57-66, ISSN: 2220-6140.
[31] Meyer, N., & Meyer, D. F. (2016). The relationship between the creation of an enabling environment and economic development: A comparative analysis of management at local government sphere. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 14(2), 150-160.
[32] Musavengane, R. (2018). Toward Pro-Poor Local Economic Development in Zimbabwe: the role of pro-poor tourism. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, Volume 7 (1), 1-14.
[33] Nkomo, D. (2017, February 17). Challenges of local governance in Zimbabwe. Retrieved from Zimbabwe Today: http://zimbabwe-today
[34] Oden, C. (2021, April 23). Effect of taxation on the economic development of Edo State. Retrieved from Project Topics: https://www.projecttopics.org/effect-of-taxation-on-the-economic-development.html
[35] Oduro-Ofori, E. (2011). The Role of Local Government in Local Economic Development Promotion at the District (Doctoral Thesis). Dortmund, Germany: Technical University of Dortmund.
[36] Oxford Dictionary. (2021, March 2). Oxford Dictionary. Retrieved from https://www.oed.com/
[37] Prabakaran, M. (2011, March 20). What is Good Governance? Retrieved from Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228123335_What_is_Good_Governance
[38] PWC. (2019). Achieving safety and security in an age of disruption and distrust. PWC.
[39] Quium, A. S. (2019). Transport Corridors for Wider Socio–Economic. Sustainability, 11, 1-24.
[40] Reddy, P. S. (2016). From National to Local Economic Development (LED): The South African Case. In S. E.D, M. J., & G. S, Developmental Local Governance. International Political Economy Series. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
[41] Rodrigue, D. J.-P., & Notteboom, D. T. (2020). Transportation and Economic Development. In D. J.-P. Rodrigue, The Geography of Transport Systems. New York: Routledge.
[42] Saleh, H., Surya, B., Ahmad, D. N., & Manda, D. (2020). The Role of Natural and Human Resources on Economic Growth and Regional Development: With Discussion of Open Innovation Dynamics. Journal of Open Innovation, 1-24.
[43] Sharpa, J. S., Jackson-Smith, D., & Smith, L. (2011). Agricultural economic development at the rural-urban interface: Community organization, policy, and agricultural change. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 1(4), 189-204.
[44] Shilangu, L. (2019). Enhancing Local Economic Development Through Effective Leadership and Service Delivery in South African Municipalities. The 4th Annual International Conference on Public Administration and Development Alternatives (pp. 632-638). 03 - 05 July 2019, Southern Sun Hotel, OR Tambo International Airport, Johannesburg, South Africa: ICPADA.
[45] Sifile, O. (2015). Towards improving service delivery in local authorities. A case of Chegutu Municipality. IOSR Journal of Humanities And Social Science, 20(11), 55-63.
[46] Simba, A., Nyandoro, Z. F., Munyoro, G., & Chimhande, D. (2015). The local economic development processes in low-income countries: The case of the metropolis of Chegutu in Zimbabwe. Local Economy: The Journal of Local Policy Unit.
[47] Singh, P. K., & Chudasama, H. (2020). Evaluating poverty alleviation strategies in a developing country. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0227176. , https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227176.
[48] Stead, D. (2021). Conceptualizing the Policy Tools of Spatial Planning. Journal of Planning Literature, https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412221992283.
[49] Topxhiu, R. (2012). The role of entrepreneurship and enterprises for local economic development. Academicus International Scientific Journal, 5, 96-107.
[50] Turkoglu, H., Ocakçı, M., Ataöv, A., Uşun, M., Işık, A., & Güvener, U. (2012). A Participatory Spatial Planning Process: The Case of Bursa, Turkey. 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012. Bursa: ISOCARP.
[51] UCLG. (2014). The Role of Local Governments in Economic Development. United Cities and Local Governments: The Federation of Canadian Municipalities.
[52] UCLGA. (2016). State of Local Economic Development in Zimbabwe. Rabat, Morocco: United Cities and Local Governments of Africa.
[53] UN. (2008). Spatial Planning: Key Instrument for Development and Effective Governance with Special Reference to Countries in Transition. New York and Geneva: United Nations.
[54] UNIDO. (2008). United Nations Industrial Development Organization: Creating an enabling environment for private sector development in sub-Saharan Africa. Vienna: Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (FMECD).
[55] WEF. (2011). The Future of Government: Lessons Learned from Around the World. Cologne, Switzerland www.weforum.org: World Economic Forum (WEF).
[56] Wekwete, K. (2014). Local Government and Local Economic Development in Southern Africa. Lilongwe, Malawi: Commonwealth Local Government Forum
Anesu Mironga, “The Nexus between the Establishment of an Enabling Environment and Local Economic Development in the City of Harare” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.425-431 November 2021 DOI : 10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51124
Download PDF
Improving Problem Solving Skills in Calculus among the Grade 12 Learners’ in Selected Public Secondary Schools in Lusaka District, Zambia
Julius Zulu, Kabunga Nachiyunde (PhD), Patricia Phiri Nalube (PhD), Prof Gift Masaiti – November 2021- Page No.: 432-438
The study sought to establish problem solving strategies that can improve problem solving skills in Calculus among the Grade 12 Learners’ in Selected Secondary Schools in Zambia. The study employed a qualitative study approach, which followed a case study design. Hundred teachers (n=100) and two-hundred and fifty (n=250) Grade 12 learners from ten (n=10) public secondary schools making a total sample size of three-hundred and fifty (n=350) of Lusaka province, Zambia, participated. The sampling techniques employed were purposive sampling and simple random sampling. Data was collected using semi-structured interview schedule. Interviews are said to be the best way to collect data because it helps the researcher to have feelings, opinions, gestures, tone of voice, reactions, attitudes, views, and are useful in gathering in-depth data. Audio recordings were used to capture interviews, respectively, in their totality. The collected data was analyzed using qualitative techniques. Qualitative data was organized into themes and analyzed using narratives and direct quotations of the respondents’ views, experiences and information. The study established that having pre-requisite knowledge in appropriate mathematics topics like Indices, Functions, Coordinate Geometry, Algebra (fractions, factorisation of quadratic expressions and equations), understanding the language of Calculus questions, understanding the development of Calculus formulas, and introducing Calculus symbols in early grades can improve Grade 12 learner’s problem solving skills in Calculus. The study therefore, recommended that applications of basic concepts in earlier grades should be consolidated and revised on an on-going basis. Teachers should focus on the development of the formulas and introducing calculus symbols in early grades. The study further recommended that teachers should also be carrying out a diagnostic assessment to determine what learners know about pre-calculus topics such as Indices, Factorization, and Algebraic Fractions before learners are taught Calculus.
Page(s): 432-438 Date of Publication: 06 December 2021
Julius Zulu
Department of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia
Kabunga Nachiyunde (PhD)
Department of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia
Patricia Phiri Nalube (PhD)
Department of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia
Prof Gift Masaiti
Department of Mathematics and Science Education, The University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia
[1] Ball, D. L., & Bass, H. (2003). Interweaving content and pedagogy in teaching and learning to teach: knowing and using mathematics. In J. Boaler (Ed.), Multiple Perspectives on Mathematics Teaching and Learning (pp. 83-104). Wesport: Ablex Publishing.
[2] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2014). Examinations Performance Review Report 2014, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[3] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2015). Examinations Performance Review Report 2015, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[4] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2015). Examinations Performance Review Report 2015, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[5] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2016). Examinations Performance Review Report 2016, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[6] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2017). Examinations Performance Review Report 2016, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[7] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2018). Examinations Performance Review Report 2015, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[8] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2019). Examinations Performance Review Report 2016, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[9] Examinations Council of Zambia. (2020). Examinations Performance Review Report 2016, Examinations Council of Zambia. Lusaka: ECZ.
[10] Herbert, S. (2011). Challenging traditional sequence of teaching introductory calculus. Mathematics: Traditions and [New] Practice.d@AAMT & MERGA, 358-365.
[11] Kilpatrick, J., Swafford, J., & Findell, B. (2001). Adding it up: Helping children learn mathematics. Washington: National Academy Press.
[12] Lam, T. T. (2009). On in-service mathematics teachers’ content knowledge of calculus and related concepts. The Mathematics Educator, volume-12-issue-1, pp. 69-86.
[13] Makonye, P.J. (2011). Learner Mathematical Errors In Introductory Differential Calculus Tasks: A Study Of Misconceptions In The Senior School Certificate Examinations (Dissertation). Johannesburg: University of Johannesburg.
[14] MESVTEE (2013). “O” Level Mathematics Syllabus Grades 10 to 12. Lusaka: Curriculum Development Centre.
[15] MESVTEE (2013). Zambia Education Curriculum Framework, Ministry of Education. Lusaka: Curriculum Development Centre.
[16] National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, (1989). An agenda for action: Recommendations for school mathematics of the 1980s. Reston, VA: Author.
[17] Ministry of Education (1997). Educational Reforms. Lusaka: Ministry of Education.
[18] Ministry of Education (1996). Educating Our Future. Lusaka: Ministry of Education.
[19] National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2000). Commission on standards for school mathematics: Curriculum and evaluation standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: Author.
[20] National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, (2014). Principles to actions: Ensuring mathematical success for all. Reston, VA: NCTM.
[21] Pape, S. (2004). Middle school children’s problem-solving behavior: A cognitive analysis from a reading comprehension perspective. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 35, 187-219.
[22] Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
[23] Pólya, G. (1945). How to solve it. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
[24] Rickard, A. (2005). Evolution of a teacher’s problem solving instruction: A case study of aligning teaching practice with reform in middle school mathematics. RMLE Online: Research in Middle Level Education, 29(1), 1-15.
[25] Schoenfeld, A. H. (2013). Reflections on problem solving theory and practice. The Mathematics Enthusiast, 10(1/2), 9.
[26] Verschaffel, L., Greer, B., & De Corte, E. (1999). Making sense of word problems. Lisse, Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
[27] Wertheimer, M. (1959). Gestalt Theory on Problem Solving. German: Hugo Books Publications.
[28] Zulu, J., Nalube, P.P., Changwe, R., & Mbewe, S. (2021). The Challenges and Opportunities of Using ZOOM App in the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) During COVID-19 Pandemic: Lecturers’ and Students’ Perspective .International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) volume-6-issue-7, pp.92-101 July 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrias/DigitalLibrary/volume-6-issue-7/92-101.pdf
[29] Zulu, J. Nyimbili, F. Fumbani, M, Chisowa, D, Mulenga, G, &, Changwe, R. (2021). et.al. “Exploring Students’ Difficulties in Solving Application of Integral Problems in Selected Zambian Colleges of Education. International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE), volume-8-issue-9, pp. 11-18 September 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.20431/2349- 0381.0809002
[30] Zulu, J. & Nalube, P.P. ‘Learners’ Problem Solving Processes in Calculus at Grade 12 Level: A case study of Selected Secondary Schools in Lusaka District of Zambia. Zambia Journal of Teacher Professional Growth (ZJTPG), Vol, 5, 2, 2019, pp.77-98, ISSN 2308-2178.
Julius Zulu, Kabunga Nachiyunde (PhD), Patricia Phiri Nalube (PhD), Prof Gift Masaiti , “Improving Problem Solving Skills in Calculus among the Grade 12 Learners’ in Selected Public Secondary Schools in Lusaka District, Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.432-438 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/432-438.pdf
Download PDF
Crowding-Out and Crowding-In Effects of Public Borrowing on Private Domestic Investment in Nigeria
Mathias A. Chuba- November 2021- Page No.: 439-448
Monetarists believe that public domestic borrowing crowds-out private domestic investment (PDI) and Keynesians believe that it does not crowd-out PDI. Most previous studies focused on the crowding-out effect of public spending on PDI but the point of contention between monetarists and Keynesians is the effect of increased public domestic borrowing on PDI. The results of the previous investigation that public domestic borrowing crowded-in and public external borrowing crowded-out private domestic investment in Nigeria are questionable. In view of the above stated problems, this paper determined the effect of public borrowing on PDI in Nigeria from 1986 to 2019 using a vector error correction model. The results of the investigation showed that public domestic borrowing drove-up interest rate. PDI was found to be negatively related to interest rate. Domestic credit provided by banks is positively related to interest rate. Public domestic borrowing crowded-out and public external borrowing crowded-in PDI. This paper suggests that instead of borrowing money from internal sources, the government should borrow money from external sources to finance the federal budget deficits in order to increase PDI in Nigeria.
Page(s): 439-448 Date of Publication: 07 December 2021
Mathias A. Chuba
Department of Economics, Achievers University Owo,
Km 1, Idasen-Ute Road, P. M. B. 1030, Ondo State, Nigeria
[1] Afonso, A.; and Sousa, R. M. (2011). “The Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Policy in Portugal: A Bayesian SVAR Analysis” in Portuguese Economic Journal, 10(1), pp. 61-82.
[2] Amacher, R. C. and Ulbrich, H. H. (1986). Principles of Macroeconomics. Third Edition, Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western Publishing Co.
[3] Atukeren, E. (2005). “Interactions between Public and Private Investment: Evidence from Developing Countries” in Kyklos, 58(3), pp. 307-330.
[4] Bahal, G.; Raissi, M.; and Tulin, V. (2015). “Crowding-Out or Crowding-In? Public and Private Investment in India” in IMF Working Paper, WP/15/264, pp. 1-23.
[5] Bahovec, V. and Erjavec, N. (2009). Uvod u ekonometrijsku analizu. Zagreb: Element.
[6] Dickey, D. A. and Fuller, W. A. (1979). “Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root” in Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74, pp. 427-431.
[7] Engle, R. F. and Granger, C. W. J. (1987). “Cointegration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation and Testing” in Econometrica, 55, pp. 251-276.
[8] Enders, W. (1995). Applied Econometrics Time Series. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
[9] Enders, W. (2015). Applied Econometric Time Series. London: John Wiley and Sons.
[10] Feasel, E.; Kim, Y. and Smith S. C. (2001). “A VAR Approach to Growth Empirics: Korea” in Review of Development Economics, 53, pp. 421-432.
[11] Furceri, D. and Sousa R. M. (2011). “The Impact of Government Spending on the Private Sector: Crowding-Out versus Crowding-In Effects” in Kyklos, 64(4), pp. 516-533.
[12] Gjini, A. and Kukeli, A. (2012). “Crowding-Out Effect of Public Investment on Private Investment: An Empirical Investigation” in Journal of Business and Economics Research, 10(5), pp. 269-276.
[13] Ifeakachukwu, N. P.; Omodadepo, A. O. and Oluseun, A. A. (2013). “An Analysis of the Relationship between Public Spending Components and Private investments in Nigeria” in Journal of Finance and Economics, 1(2), pp. 1-14.
[14] Johansen, S. (1988). “Statistical Analysis of Cointegrating Vectors” in Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12, pp. 231-54.
[15] Karagöl, E. (2004). “A Disaggregated Analysis of Government Expenditures and Private Investment in Turkey” in Journal of Economic Cooperation, 25(2), pp. 131-144.
[16] Kollamparambil, U. and Nicolaou, M. (2011). “Nature and Association of Public and Private Investment: Public Policy Implications for South Africa” in Journal of Economics and International Finance, 3(2), pp. 98-108.
[17] Kuştepeli, Y. (2005). “Effectiveness of Fiscal Spending: Crowding-Out and/or Crowding-In?” in Yönetimveekonomi, 12(1), pp. 185-192.
[18] Mahmoudzadeh, M.; Sadeghi, S. and Sadeghi, S. (2013). “Fiscal Spending and Crowding-Out Effect: A Comparison between Developed and Developing Countries” in Institutions and Economies, 5(1), pp. 31-40.
[19] Mitra, P. (2006). “Has Government Investment Crowded-Out Private Investment in India?” in American Economic Review, 96(2), pp. 337-341.
[20] Mittnik, S. and Neumann, T. (2001). “Dynamic Effects of Public Investment: Vector Autoregressive Evidence from Six Industrialized Countries” in Empirical Economics, 26(2), pp. 429-446.
[21] Nwaeze, N. C. (2017). “Public Borrowing and Private Investment in Nigeria: Any Crowding-Out Effect?” in JORIND, 15(2), pp. 24-34.
[22] Omitogun, O. (2018). “Investigating the Crowding-Out Effect of Government Expenditure on Private Investment” in Journal of Competitiveness, 10(4), pp. 136-150.
[23] Omojolaibi, J. A.; Okenesi, T. P. and Mesagan, E. P. (2016). “Fiscal Policy and Private Investment in Selected West African Countries” in CBN Journal of Applied Statistics, 7(1b), pp. 277-309.
[24] Palić, I., Dumičić, K. and Barbić, D. (2016). The Estimation of Money Demand Elasticity: Case of Croatia. International Journal of Research in Business, Vol. 4, No. 9, pp. 89-98.
[25] Palić, I.; Žmuk, B. and Grofelnik, B. (2017). “The long-Run Impact of Personal Income Taxation on Economic Development: Evidence from Croatia” in Croatian Review of Economic, Business and Social Statistics, 3(1), pp. 35-44.
[26] Ricardo, D. (1820). “Essay on the Funding System”. In McCulloch, J. R. (ed.), 1888: The Works of David Ricardo. London: John Murray.
[27] Voss, G. M. (2002). “Public and Private Investment in the United States and Canada” in Economic Modeling, 19(4), pp. 641-664.
[28] Xu, X. and Yan, Y. (2014). “Does Government Investment Crowd-Out Private Investment in China?” in Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 17(1), pp. 1-12.
Mathias A. Chuba, “Crowding-Out and Crowding-In Effects of Public Borrowing on Private Domestic Investment in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.439-448 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51125
Download PDF
The Conflict in Tigray and its Challenges for Sustainable Peace between Eritrea and Ethiopia
Aklilu Gebretinsae Andemikael – November 2021- Page No.: 449-455
This research article argues that a peaceful settlement of the conflict in Tigray is crucial for the continuation of the peace process, and is decisively linked with the attainment of sustainable peace between Eritrea and Ethiopia. For the conflict has an intra-state and inter-state dimension, any would be solution has for all intents and purposes to be an all-inclusive and sustainable. The TPLF has become ‘mutually exclusive’ with all participants in the conflict namely the Federal Government of Ethiopia, the Amhara Regional State Government as well as the Government of the State of Eritrea. By identifying the genesis, development and the substantive reasons for the continuation of the conflict, this research concludes that the preconditions for sustainable peace are unfortunately missing.
Page(s): 449-455 Date of Publication: 07 December 2021
Aklilu Gebretinsae Andemikael
PhD Candidate, Department of International Relations, School of International and Public Affairs, Jilin University, People’s Republic of China
[1] Ahmed Soliman (2019). Can Abiy Ahmed Continue to Remodel Ethiopia?p.12APRIL 019: https://www.chathamhouse.org/about-us/our-people/ahmed-soliman
[2] Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (2021): Red Lines: Upheaval and Containment in the Horn of Africa: Author(s): Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Accessed: 27-05-2021 16:27 UTC p: 1-30
[3] Christopher E. Miller(2005) A Glossary of Terms and Concepts in Peace and Conflict Studies. 2nd ed. . University of Peace.
[4] Dawn Nagar and Mark Paterson (2013). Peace and Security. South Africa in Southern Africa Centre for Conflict Resolution. https://about.jstor.org/terms . Downloaded from 222.27.72.45 on Thu, 27 May 2021 16:13:55 UTC
[5] Hugh Miall, Oliver Ramsbotham, Tom Woodhouse(2005). Contemporary Conflict Resolution: The Prevention, Management and Transformation of Deadly Conflicts 2005 .Blackwell Publishing Professional.
[6] Kassu Gebremariam (2004). Peace building in the Horn of Africa. The Role of Africa’s Regional Organization. In Tom Keating & W. Andy Knight (editors) .Building Sustainable Peace. The University of Alberta Press. 2004 p: 189
[7] Kidane Mengisteab (2011). Critical Factors in the Horn of Africa’s Raging Conflicts. Discussion Paper 67. Nordiska Afrikainstitute, Upssala, 2011. P-12.
[8] Martin Plaut (2021) Eritrea in the Tigray war: What we know and why it might backfire. JANUARY 8, 2021 https://africanarguments.org/author/martin-plaut
[9] Reuters: (10 November 2020) https://www.the-star.co.ke/the-star/news/africa/
[10] Robert Crowe (2021). Al Jazeera Appears to Lend Itself to TPLF Disinformation: African Medias. Posted on March 5, 2021https://www.africanmedias.com/horn-of-africa-al-jazeera-appears-to-lend-itself-to-tplf-disinformation/?lang=en
[11] Satya Brata Das (2004) Sustainable Peace Who Pays the Price? In Tom Keating & W. Andy Knight (editors) Building Sustainable Peace. The University of Alberta Press.
[12] Temesgen Kahsay (2021) As a Tigrayan, my bond with Ethiopia feels beyond repair. JANUARY 12, 2021 https://africanarguments.org/author/temesgen-kahsay/
[13] Yonatan T. Fessha (2020)Why Ethiopia’s Conflict in Tigray was Avoidable. The Africa Report. Posted on Tuesday, 1 December 2020 17:30
[14] Zola Moges (2020): Ethiopia: Defining Amhara Nationalism for a Better country.
https://www.theafricareport.com/subscribe/?checkout_origin_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theafricareport.com%2F43182%2Fethiopia-defining-amhara-nationalism-for-a bettecountry%2F&checkout_origin_post_id=43182 Posted on Sunday, 27 September 2020 12:19, updated on Wednesday, 4 November 2020 11:55
Aklilu Gebretinsae Andemikael, “The Conflict in Tigray and its Challenges for Sustainable Peace between Eritrea and Ethiopia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.449-455 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51126
Download PDF
An Examination of the Impact of Public Spending on Poverty Reduction in Nigeria
Dr. Abdulhadi Ibrahim & Salisu Umar – November 2021- Page No.: 456-461
The study investigates the impact of public spending on poverty reduction in Nigeria using time series data from 1980-2019.Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model has been used to achieve the objectives of this study. The cointegration test reveals there is long run relationship among the variables used in the study. The normalized cointegration result further reveals that government total expenditure has significant impact on poverty. GDP and private investment have positive effects on poverty while inflation has negative impact on poverty. The study recommendations include the following among others: embezzlement of public funds and corruption should be tackled, GDP should be fairly dist
ributed for it to have impact on poverty and measures should be put in place to curb inflationary pressure. Lastly unnecessary expenditures should be shortened and focus should be on expenditure that increases economic growth and reduces poverty.
Page(s): 456-461 Date of Publication: 07 December 2021
Dr. Abdulhadi Ibrahim
Department of Economics, Umar Suleiman College of Education, Gashua Yobe State Nigeria
Salisu Umar
Department of Economics, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare Bauchi State Nigeria
[1] Aigbokhan, B.E. (2008),Poverty, growth andiInequality in Nigeria: A case study. African Economic Research Consortium (AERC). Nairobi, Kenya.
[2] Aye C G (2013), Causality between financial depending, economic growth and poverty in Nigeria. The business and Management Review, volume 3.
[3] Bello and Roslan A (2010) Has poverty reduced in Nigeria 20 years after? European Journal of Social Science. Vol 15. No 1.
[4] Central Bank of Nigeria (1998). Measuring and Monitoring Poverty in Nigeria: Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Conference of the Zonal Research Units. Abuja: CBN Research Dept., 319p.
[5] Central Bank of Nigeria, Research Department (1999) Nigeria’s development Prospects: Poverty Assessment and Alleviation Study (Abuja: CBN).
[6] CBN, (2019) Annual Report, 31st December 2019.
[7] CBN, (2019) Statistical Bulletin.
[8] CBN, (2020) Statistical Bulletin.
[9] Creedy, J. (1996) Fiscal Policy and Social Welfare: An Analysis of Alternative Tax and Transfer systems. Edward Edgar.
[10] Falade E. O. and Babatunde D. (2020) Functional government spending, unemployment and poverty reduction in Nigeria. Journal of Economics and Development Stuidies. Vol 8 No 1 ISSN: 2334-2390.
[11] Ebere, C., & Osundina, O. A. (2014) Disaggregated government spending on infrastructure and poverty reduction in Nigeria. Global Journal of Social Sciences and Economics,14(5).
[12] Enyim B O (2013) Government spending and poverty reduction in Nigeria’s economic growth. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities, Vol. 4
[13] Granger, C. W. J. and Newbold, P. (1974) “spurious regression in Econometric”.
[14] Herman (2004) poverty and government expenditure: An assessment of influence of government and interventions on poor groups with focus on Rwanda. Doctor of. Phil. thesis institute of social development, University of Western Cape.
[15] Ijaiya T. G. (2000) Inflation and poverty in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Social Science. Vol 7 No 1.
[16] Johansen, S. (1982),”Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors,” Journal of Economic Dynamics and control, 12: 231-254.
[17] Musgrave, R.A. (1956). The Theory of Public Finance: A study in Public Economy.
[18] NBS (2012), National Bureau of Statistics Data Base.
[19] NBS (2016), National Bureau of Statistics, Poverty Profile for Nigeria (March) [Brochure]. NES: 48-61.
[20] Nigeria Poverty Profile 2010.
[21] Nwadike E. C., Njoku C. O. and Badmus S. O. (2020), Inflation and poverty in Nigeria: A granger causality approach. International Journal of Business and Management Technology Vol. 4 Issue 3 May-June 2020 ISSN: 2581-3889.
[22] Olofin A (2010) Defense spending and poverty reduction in Nigeria. American Journal of Economics.
[23] Olukayode M. E. (2009) Does government speeding spur economic growth? MPRA Paper No. 17941.
[24] Oriavwote E. V and Ukawe A. (2018) Government expenditure and poverty reduction in Nigeria. Journal of Economics and Public Finance Vol 4 No. 2 2018
[25] Osinubi S T (2005) Macroeconometric analysis of growth, unemployment and poverty in Nigeria. Pakistan Economic and Social Review Vol. XLIII, No 2.pp 249-269.
[26] Psacharopulos, G. (1993) A Political Economy of Poverty, Growth and Equity. A Comparative Study. World Bank.
[27] Selowsky, M. (1979). Who benefits from Government Expenditure? Oxford University, London.
[28] Shahid A (2010) Does the Choice of Government Expenditure Affect Poverty? Time Series Evidence from Pakistan. International Conference on Applied Economics.
[29] Spicker, P. (1993). Principles of social welfare. Routledge.New York and London.
[30] Stephen A B (2011) A critical appraisal of the linkage between literacy rate and the incidence of poverty in Nigeria. Journal of Emerging Trends in Education Research and Policy Studies.
[31] Tilak, J.B.G. (1989). Education and its relation to economic growth, poverty and income distribution: past evidence and further analysis. World Bank Discussion Paper.
[32] Ukpong G I, Ekpebu D and Ofem N (2013) Cointegration inferences on issues of poverty and population growth in Nigeria. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics. Vol. 5(7) pp.277-283.
[33] UNDP (2010). Human Development Report Nigeria 2008-2009. Achieving Growth with Equity. 2010.United Nations Development Programme.UNDP, New York. Retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/ (Accessed on 25th February,2013)
[34] World Bank (2012). Poverty Profile for Nigeria: 1985-2011. Washington, DC: World Bank.
[35] Yusuf M, Malarvizhi C. A. and Khin A. A.(2013) Trade liberalization, economic growth and poverty reduction in Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Management. Vol 8 NO12.
Dr. Abdulhadi Ibrahim & Salisu Umar “An Examination of the Impact of Public Spending on Poverty Reduction in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.456-461 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51127
Download PDF
An Assessment of Politics without Bitterness, Conflict and War as A Path Forward in Nigerian Politics
Michael Ikechukwu INEH-DUMBI- November 2021- Page No.: 462-471
Since the emergence of Nigeria as an independent political entity, the nation has gone through an evolutionary system of politics of bitterness, conflict and war: starting from the; first republic to the current Fourth Republic, (Ayemere, 2015). Through the nurturing of such practices within the Nigerian political scene over the decades, it has transformed such abnormal practices in our society to the norm in conducting politics, (Boraine, 1999). Of note, is that the driver of such politics of bitterness, conflict and war especially in Nigeria can be situated in the corruption of the meaning of Kwame Nkrumah adage of “Seek Ye First the Political Kingdom and every other Thing will be added onto you” into using politics as a medium for the enrichment and self-serving interest of the political elite, (Bonsu, 2016). Also supporting such is the professionalization of politics as a vocation which ensure there is a difference between the political class and the general public, (Allen, n.d). This gap leads to an erosion in the mindset of the political class of the binding element that ties them ethically and morally into capitalizing on their roles in society to obtain the benefits of the good life for all. The absence of this and its replacement by self-benefits allows for a brand that is represented by politics of bitterness, conflict and war which is antithetical to social development. Hence this study emerged to critic a pathway forward, it does this via a review of raison d’état, politics of bitterness, conflict and war which is shown to curate politics as an access way for ill-gotten enrichment of the political class whose quest to maintain their uncertain position leads to the adoption of tactics that allow the manifestation of fierce competition that does not accommodate others views and ambitions. The modus operandi results to include political violence to perpetuate the self-benefitting politician within the political scene, this has been in practice in the political history of Nigerian from independence till date. A theoretical study presents the theory of democracy, role morality theory and conflict theory as a guide that best explains the framework for this paper. Also from an examination of the crux of the topic a route to ensure politics without bitterness, conflict and war the paper provides five models that proffer for societies: not only in Nigeria but in Africa and other political entities.
Page(s): 462-471 Date of Publication: 07 December 2021
Michael Ikechukwu INEH-DUMBI
Department of International Relations and Diplomacy (IRD), College of Social and Management Science (CSMS)
Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD), Nigeria
[1] Adebayo, R. (2021, November 2021). “Makinde Urges Politicians to Shun Politics of Bitterness”. Independent Newspaper Nigeria
[2] Alexandra, A. (2005). “Professional Ethics for Politicians”, the 12th Annual Conference at Adelaide, Australian Association for Professional and Applied Ethics
[3] Allen, P. (2013, September, 11). The Professionalization of Politics make our democracy less representation and less accessible. Available at https://www.democraticaudit.com/2013/09/11/the-professionalisation-of-politics-makes-our-democracy-less-representative-and-less-accessible/. (Accessed: August 25th 2021)
[4] Anele, D. (2011, February, 06). The 2011 Election and Politics without Bitterness. Vanguard Nigeria
[5] Aver, T.T, Nnorom, K.C and Targba, A. (2013), Political Violence and its Effect on the Social Development of Nigeria. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol 3. No 17, pp. 261-266.
[6] Ayemere, R.O. (2015, June 16). “The Politics of Bitterness and the way out”. Nigerian Observer
[7] Bakassi, O.(2018). The Other News: Ayisha Osori Interview with Okey Bakassi. (Television Broadcast). Lagos: Channel Television.
[8] Bavier, J. (2011). Nigeria: Do or Die Politics. Pulitzer Center, Washington D.C: United States of America
[9] Bonsu, P.O. (2016, December 02). “Seek Ye First the Political Kingdom”. Available at https://www.modernghana.com/news/740576/seek-ye-first-the-political-kingdom.html. (Accessed: August 15th 2021)
[10] Borchert, J. (2000), The Political Class and its Self-Interested Theory of Democracy; Historical Development and Institutional Consequences. ECPR joint session of workshops 1, University of Gottingen.
[11] Boriane, A. (1999). “All Truth is Bitter”. South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission
[12] Broomhall, K. (2006, July, 18). When Does a Conflict become a War? The Guardian
[13] Cherry, K.M. (2012). Plato, Aristotle and the Purpose of Politics. Cambridge University Press
[14] Ejik, C. (2018). The Essence of Politics. Amsterdam University Press
[15] Hillman, M. (2017, January, 18). Theatre Resistance Plan, 2017-2020. Available at https://bittergertrude.com/2017/01/18/theatre-resistance-plan-2017-2020/. (Accessed: August 25th 2021)
[16] Kalu, U. Obuh, P and Oloowoopejo, M. (2012), “Strong System a Necessity for the building of Virile Nation; The Problem with Nigeria”, 4th Annual Conference of the Academy for Entrepreneurial Studies Nigeria
[17] Maier, K. (2002). This house has fallen: Nigeria in Crisis. Westviewpress
[18] Mamza, P. (n.d). Nigeria Unsung Heroes, Capturing the Message of Alhaji Waziri Ibrahim: Politics without Bitterness. Available at http://www.gamji.com/mamza/mamza75.htm. (Accessed: August 25th 2021)
[19] Muhammad, I. H. (2015, February, 15). What My father told me about Politics without Bitterness. Daily Trust Nigeria
[20] Naswem, T. (2017). Political Disaster: Tale of Do or Die Politics in Nigeria. Leadership Newspaper Nigeria
[21] Nwakuadu, S.(2017, August 25). Politics without Bitterness: Wike’s Example. The Tide News Nigeria.
[22] Ochega, P. (2019). “Forum Appeals against Politics of Bitterness”. Leadership Newspaper Nigeria
[23] Palonen, K. (2006). Sombart and Weber on Professional Politicians. Max Weber Studies, 6(1), pp 33-50
[24] Ray, J.L. (1998). R.J Rummel’s Understanding Conflict and War: An Overlooked Classic. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 16 (2), pp 125-147
[25] Shun Politics of Bitterness, Mud Slinging, (2018, January, 06). Vanguard Nigeria.
[26] Simeon, U.F. (2018, August, 12). Politics Without Bitterness. Independent Newspaper
[27] Stockdale, K. (2017). Losing Hope: Injustice and Moral Bitterness. Hypatia, 32 (2), pp 363-379
[28] Tigner, R. (2016, March 06). How the Black Star Fell: The Lesson Ghana Learnt from Kwame Nkrumah Fallout with his Economic Advisers. Quartz Africa.
[29] Webber, M. (1919). Politics as a Vocation. Duncker & Humboldt, Munich.
Michael Ikechukwu INEH-DUMBI, “An Assessment of Politics without Bitterness, Conflict and War as A Path Forward in Nigerian Politics” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.462-471 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/462-471.pdf
Download PDF
The Impact of Micro-Finance on Women Groups in Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria
Linda Kwon-Ndung (PhD), Gbaeren, Felix Tersoo – November 2021- Page No.: 472-481
Microfinance is hailed as a tool for poverty alleviation and is one of the major strategies to achieve poverty reduction especially among women. This is because access to financial services assist poor households in meeting their basic financial needs, protects them against risks, and reduces their vulnerability to shocks, by building assets. Prof Mohammed Yunus of Bangladesh developed a framework for Microfinance approach to community development with a pilot group lending scheme for the landless people and this later became the Grameen Bank which currently serves millions of clients out of which about 94% of them are women. This approach has become a model for many countries. The Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) views microfinance as a mechanism for providing financial services to the poor who are traditionally not served by the conventional financial institutions. This research examined the impact of micro finance on women in Katsina Ala Local Government Area of Benue state. This research was based on a primary source of data obtained from a survey using structured questionnaires administered to 200 women that were randomly selected through their various associations. An empirical review was done to establish the potency of microfinance in other societies. Secondary source of data obtained from previous similar studies was also used to strengthen the study. Descriptive statistics ofsimple percentages was adopted as the method of analysis to establish how micro finance impacted the socio-economic wellbeing of the women. The study revealed that women who had access to microfinance from Lift Above Poverty organization and Better Life microfinance institutions esperienced significant growth in their businesses and improvements in their socio-economic wellbeing as compared to those that had no access. The study also established that the repayment process appeared too demanding for the women. The paper recommends that the repayment process should be made less demanding for the women by spreading the payments into a longer duration so as to reduce the pressure of repayment and massive sensitization should be carried out for more women to know of the availability and gains of the facility and its benefits to overcoming financial insecurity
Page(s): 472-481 Date of Publication: 07 December 2021
Linda Kwon-Ndung (PhD)
Department of Political Science, Federal University of Lafia, Nigeria
Gbaeren, Felix Tersoo
Department of Political Science, College of Education Katsina-Ala. Benue State, Nigeria
[1] Abbas, A. I. & Bukar, H. M. (2017). Perspectives on gendered education development in Nigeria: Evidence from Yobe state, Nigeria, 2009-2015. Education, 9 (1), 57-74.
[2] Ajala, T. (2016). Social construction of gender roles and women’s poverty in African societies: The case of the Nigerian woman. International Journal of Gender and Women Studies, 4 (2), 1-10.
[3] Ajala, T. (2017). Gender discrimination in land ownership and the alleviation of women’s poverty in Nigeria: A call for new equities. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 17 (1), 51-66
[4] Alabi, R. A., Adams, O. O., Chime, C. C., Aiguomudu, E. E., & Abu, S. O. (2011). Marginal benefit incidence analysis of public spending in Nigeria. PEP-PMMA Working Paper series 3,
[5] Ikechi-Ekpendu, C. (2016). Evaluation of the challenges facing the Nigerian Youth and Policy towards National Growth. International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management 1 (9), 28-31
[6] Kwon-Ndung, L. (2015). The state and the implementation of microfinance in Nigeria, 2000-2016,Studies in Politics and Society. A Journal Publication of the Nigerian Political Science Association 3(1),194-220
[7] Kwon-Ndung, L. (2016). Microfinance as a mechanism for women development in Nigeria, Fulafia Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (1),196-217
[8] Okeshola, B. F. (2011). Poverty eradication efforts in Nigeria: The missing links. Assessment of Democratic Trends in Nigeria, 302,
[9] Okunola, A. M. (2016). Nigeria: positioning rural economy for implementation of sustainable development goals. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 4 (9), 752-757, 2016
[10] Omotayo, A. O. (2016). Farming households’ environment, nutrition and health interplay in Southwest, Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific Research in Agricultural Sciences 3 (3), 84-98
[11] Onyele, K.O, Onyekachi-Onyele, C. (2020). The Effect of Microfinance Banks on Poverty
Reduction in Nigeria. Management Dynamics in Knowledge Economy. 8(3), pp. 257-275, DOI 10.2478/mdke-2020-0017 ISSN: 2392-8042 (online)
[12] Osahon, S. & Osarobo, K. A (2011). Poverty and income inequality in Nigeria: An empirical assessment. Journal of Research in National Development 9 (2), 447-456
[13] Tela, U. (2014). Appraising Poverty Alleviation Programs of Successive Governments in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) 16 (9), 01-07
[14] Ucha, C. (2010). Poverty in Nigeria: Some dimensions and contributing factors. Global Majority E-Journal 1 (1), 46-56
Linda Kwon-Ndung (PhD), Gbaeren, Felix Tersoo, “The Impact of Micro-Finance on Women Groups in Katsina-Ala, Benue State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.472-481 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/472-481.pdf
Download PDF
Social Cohesion Heritage and Self-Help Groups on Sustainable Livelihoods among Households in Nyakach Sub-County, Kenya
Paul Okello Atieno, George N Mose, Nicholas K. Ombachi- November 2021- Page No.: 482-491
One of the heritages we have adopted from the past and which is assumed to help marginalised communitiess address common communal realities is social cohesion. Through social cohesion, informal groups have emerged at the grass-roots which have enabled accumulation of capital by way of small savings and facilitating members access to formal credit facilities. Through such credit facilities, SHG members are assumed to be in a position to acquire assets for production as well as food and improved nutrition. However, in some regions such as Nyakach Sub-County in Kenya, poverty levels have continued to remain high as around 40% of households living below one dollar per day. This tends to cast aspersions upon virtues of social cohesion existing in SHGs inhelping to solve social problems such as sustainable livelihood among participating members. The purpose of the study was to explore how social cohesion heritage inherent in SHGs have influenced sustainable livelihood among participating households in Nyakach Sub-County, Kenya. Specific objectives were to explore how cultural heritages in SHGs influence sustainable livelihood, determine how social cohesion existing in SHGs influence sustainable livelihood, and to assess how empowerment from participation in SHGs influence sustainable livelihood among participating households in Nyakach Sub County, Kenya. Collective Action Theory was used to guide the study. The study adopted qualitative research approach on a target population of 458 SHGs with a membership of 6824 household heads and 3 Sub-County Divisional Social Services Officers (DSSOs) who were all included in data collection exercise. The study yielded a sample size of 377 and Interviews were used to collect data from DSSOs while Focus Group Discussions were used to collect data from SHG officials. Field observations were also used to gather data related to group activities in the study area. Findings showed thatsocial cohesion heritage existing in SHGs (M=3.53; SD=0.93) have influenced livelihood of their households and is a significant predictor of sustainable livelihood {F (1, 377) =88.495, P<0.05}. Similarly, it was found that 40.4% change in household livelihood was attributed to social cohesion heritage in SHGs under this study. The study concludes that social empowerment at the grassroots among families at the bottom of the socio economic pyramid can be attributed to participation in SHGs. The study recommends that further research needs to be done on influence of life skills’ training on social empowerment of SHG participants
Page(s): 482-491 Date of Publication: 08 December 2021
Paul Okello Atieno
Kisii University, Kenya
George N Mose
Muranga University of Technology, Kenya
Nicholas K. Ombachi
Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya
[1] Akhtar, I. (2016). Research design. Research in Social Science : Interdisciplinary Perspectives, Available at : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308915548
[2] Alison, A. and Nambiar, D. (2013). Collective Action and Women’s Agency : A Background Paper. World Bank, Washington, DC.
[3] Avdyli, G. (2020). Kosovo’s Cultural Heritage: Social and Economic Importance. Paper presented at the JMU – MWP 13th Graduate Symposium, Fiesole, Italy, 7 April 2020.
[4] Badejo, A.F., Majekodunmi, A.O., Kingsley, P., Smith, J. and Welburn, S.C. (2017). The impact of self-help groups on pastoral women’s empowerment and agency: A study in Nigeria. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice, 7 (28), 1 – 12.
[5] Bharamappanavara, S.C. and Jose, M. (2015). Group dynamics and collective performance of self-help groups under different microcredit delivery models in Karnataka. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 28 (1), 1 – 12.
[6] Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2013). Using thematic analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2), 77-101.
[7] Bruhn, J. (2009). Cohesive Communities. In The Group Effect : Social Cohesion and Health Outcomes, 79–101. Arizona : Springer
[8] Carney, D. (1998). Implementing the sustainable rural livelihoods approach. Paper presented to the DfID Natural Resource Advisers’ Conference. London : Department for International Development.
[9] Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research design (5th Ed) : qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research. Thousand Oaks, Calfornia : SAGE Publications
[10] Dhal, S., Lane, L. and Srivastava, N. (2020). Women’s Collectives and collective action for food and energy Security: Reflections from a community of practice (CoP) Perspective. Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 27(1) 55–76.
[11] Dallaire, G. and Colbert, F. (2012). Sustainable Development and Cultural Policy. ENCATC Journal of Cultural Management and Policy, 2 (1), 6-11.
[12] De Hoop, T, Brody, C, Tripathi, S, Vojtkova, M and Warnock, R. (2019). Economic self-help group programmes for improving women’s empowerment, 3ie Systematic Review Summary 11. London: International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie). Available at: doi: http://doi.org/10.23846/SRS011.
[13] Degli, A., G. & Grimalda, G. (2016). Groups and trust: Experimental evidence on the Olson and Putnam hypotheses. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 61, 38-54.
[14] Delhey, J., & Dragolov, G. (2016). Happier together. Social cohesion and subjective well‐being in Europe. International Journal of Psychology, 51(3), 163-176.
[15] Dragolov, G., Ignácz, Z., Lorenz, J., Delhey, J. and Boehnke, K. (2013). Social Cohesion Radar Measuring Common Ground: An International Comparison of Social Cohesion. Bertelsmann Stiftung.http://www.gesellschaftlicher-zusammenhalt.de/fileadmin/Inhalte/Downloads_Sozialer%20Zusammenhalt/Radar_Inter nationalerVergleich_web_en.pdf
[16] Finnis, E. (2017). Collective action, envisioning the future and women’s self-help groups: A case study from south India. Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 24(1), 1–23.
[17] Fonseca, X., Lukosch, S. &Brazier, F. (2019). Social cohesionrevisited : a new definition and how to characterize it, Innovation :The European Journal of Social Science Research, 32 (2), 231-253.
[18] Gombe, S.K., Suandi, T.B., Ismail, I.A. and Omar, Z. (2016). Factors Influencing Self-Help Group Members Empowerment inNigeria. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 6 (15), 72 – 81.
[19] Grimalda, G, and Tänzler, N. (2018). Social cohesion, global governance and the future of politics: Understanding and fostering social cohesion. Available at: www.t20argentina.org.
[20] Guha, R. (2013, March 27). The past and present of Indian environmentalism.The Hindu Editorial, p. 8.
[21] Gunasekara, R.W.M.N., Premaratne, S. P. and Priyanath, H. M. S. (2017). Impact of Social Capital on Livelihood Success of the Members of Community Based Organizations in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(12), 1156 – 1167.
[22] Huang, L., Yang, L., Tuyến, N.T., Colmekcioglu, N. & Liu, J. (2021). Factors influencing the livelihood strategy choices of rural households in tourist destinations. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/09669582.2021.1.
[23] Israel, G. (2012). Determining Sample Size. EDIS Website. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu
[24] Jenson, J. (2010). Defining and Measuring Social Cohesion. Commonwealth Secretariat and United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
[25] Kothari, C.R., (2010). Research Methodology : Methods and Technique. New Delhi : New Age International Publishers
[26] Labadi, S., Giliberto, F., Rosetti, I., Shetabi, L., and Yildirim, E. (2021). Heritage and the Sustainable Development Goals: Policy guidance for heritage and development actors. Paris: ICOMOS.
[27] Langer, A., Stewart, F., Smedts, K. &Demarest, L. (2015). Conceptualising and Measuring Social Cohesion in Africa:Towards a perceptions-based index. Soc. Indic. Res. 131, 321– 343.
[28] Lyngkhoi, E. and Elizabeth, H. (2019). Dynamics in women self-help groups for livelihood promotion. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 6 (2), 991 – 998.
[29] Meena, M.S. and Singh, K.M. (2013). Impact of self-help groups on attitudes of members. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 83(9), 971–6.
[30] Nithyanandhan, S.H. and Mansor, N. (2015). Self Help Groups and Women’s Empowerment. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283026425
[31] Nyagwanga, G.N. (2016). Influence of self-help groups on economic empowerment of women in Rongo County, Migori County, Kenya. Unpublished project report submitted to the University of Nairobi.
[32] Nocca, F. (2017). The Role of Cultural Heritage in SustainableDevelopment : Multidimensional indicators as decision-making tool. Sustainability, 9 (1882) ;doi :10.3390/su9101882
[33] Ochanda, R.M. (2013). Socio-economic empowerment of communities by grassroots organizations: The case of the harambee self-help groups in Kenya. Corvinus journal of sociology and social policy, 4 (1), 55–79.
[34] Olson, M. (1971). The Logic of collective Action. Public Goods. 2nd Edition. ISBN 978-0-262- 69182-6.
[35] Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.
[36] Pervaiz, Z., Chaudhary, A. R. and van Staveren, I. (2013). Diversity, Inclusiveness and Social Cohesion. Institute of Social Studies, Working Paper No 2013- . http://www.indsocdev.org/resources/ISD_Working_Paper_20131_Diversity_Inclusiveness_and_Social_Cohesion.pdf
[37] Rahman, S. and Akter, S. (2014). Determinants of livelihood choices : An empirical analysis from rural Bangladesh. Journal of South Asian Development, 9(3), 287-308
[38] Republic of Kenya (2019). Kenya National Census and Housing Survey. Government Press, Nairobi.
[39] Republic of Kenya (2020). Ministry of Gender and Social Services. Register of Social groups in Kisumu County. Government Press, Nairobi.
[40] Sharma, N., Wason, M., Singh, P., Padaria, R.N., Sangeetha, V. and Kumar, N. (2014). Effectiveness of SHGs in Improving Livelihood Security and Gender Empowerment. Economic Affairs, 59, 747-756.
[41] Sileyew, K. J. (2019). Research Design and Methodology : in IntechOpen, on August 7. DOI :10.5772/intechopen.85731. Available online also at: https://www.intechopen.com/online-first/ research-design-and-methodology
[42] United Nations (2016). Draft Outcome Document of the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable UrbanDevelopment (Habitat III) ; United Nations : New York, NY, USA, 2016
[43] UNDP (2017). Towards a measurement of social cohesion for Africa: A discussion paper prepared by the Institute for Justice and Reconciliation for the United Nations Development Programme.
[44] Van der Auwera, S. and Schramme, A. (2016). Cultural heritage policies as a tool for development: Discourse or harmony? ENCATC Journal of Cultural Management and Policy, 4 (1), 4 – 8.
[45] Woolcock, M. (2011). What Distinctive Contribution Can Social Cohesion Make to Development Theory, Research, and Policy ? Paper presented at the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development International Conference on Social Cohesion and Development, Paris, January 20.
Paul Okello Atieno, George N Mose, Nicholas K. Ombachi, “Social Cohesion Heritage and Self-Help Groups on Sustainable Livelihoods among Households in Nyakach Sub-County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.482-491 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/482-491.pdf
Download PDF
Contraceptive Use among High School Students in the Effutu Municipality, Ghana; the Unknown Perception
Otoo, E.A., Tackie-Yarboi, D., Gyimadoh, B., Yayra, H., Gyasi, S., and Gyan, A. – November 2021- Page No.: 492-496
In the Ghanaian society, many high school students are ignorant of the various forms of contraceptive methods available and how they are effectively used, despite significant numbers being sexually active. This study sought to investigate the perception of high school students towards the use of contraceptive in the Effutu Municipality. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods to sample sixty (60) students from two SHS schools in the municipality as well as six (6) teachers who were patrons of reproductive health clubs from the participating schools, four (4) staffs from the family planning and reproductive health units of the Trauma Specialist Hospital, and the Municipal Hospital and also ten (10) persons identified as pharmacists, health assistants or counter assistants in drugs stores, chemical shop and pharmacies within the study area were also interviewed. A self-administered questionnaire was used in obtaining data on the perception of students. The results showed that male student had a positive perception of contraceptives and their use as against females. Again, findings from the study indicated misperceptions tended to cloud the judgment of adolescents towards contraceptives, thus serving as a barrier to the use of contraceptives. From the study it was recommended that an adolescent friendly facilities be established across the country to help adolescents make informed choices pertaining to sex and their reproductive health.
Page(s): 492-496 Date of Publication: 08 December 2021
Otoo, E.A.
Department of Geography Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana
Tackie-Yarboi, D.
Department of Geography Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana
Gyimadoh, B.
College of Community Health Nursing, Winneba, Ghana
Yayra, H.
College of Community Health Nursing, Winneba, Ghana
Gyasi, S.
College of Community Health Nursing, Winneba, Ghana
Gyan, A.
College of Community Health Nursing, Winneba, Ghana
[1] Blanc A.K, Tsui A.O, Croft T.N, & Trevitt J.L. (2009), Patterns and trends in adolescents’ contraceptive use and discontinuation in developing countries and comparisons with adult women. Int. Persp Sexual Reproductive Health, 35(2):63–71.
[2] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2011), College Health and Safety. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/family/college/
[3] Contraceptive Chart (2008), Available Contraceptives in Government Facilities, Botswana, Ministry of Health
[4] Costa, G. P. O., et al. (2014). Contraception Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Adolescents at risk of Pregnancy in Northeastern Brazil. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecoogy, 4, 300-308.
[5] Edgerton, D. (2011), Shock of the Old: Technology and Global History Since 1900. Profile books.
[6] Geske, S., Quevillon, R., Struckman-Johnson, C., & Hansen, K. (2015), Comparisons of Contraceptive Use between Rural and Urban Teens. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
[7] Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) (2009), Ghana Health Service (GHS), and ICF Macro, Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2008. Accra, Ghana: GSS, GHS, and ICF Macro._7
[8] Ghana Statistical Service (GSS), Ghana Health Service (GHS), & ICF Macro. (2015), Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2014: Key Indicators. Accra, Ghana.
[9] Guttmacher Institute. (2011), Facts on induced abortion in the United States. Retrieved from http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs
[10] Kamhawi, S., Underwood, C., Murad, H., & Jabre, B. (2013), Client-centered counseling improves client satisfaction with family planning visits: evidence from Irbid, Jordan. Global Health: Science and Practice, 1(2), 180–192.
[11] Machel J.Z, (2001). Unsafe sexual behaviour among school girls in Mozambique: a matter of gender and class. Reproductive Health Matt 2001; 9(17):82–90.
[12] Macphail, C. & Campbell, C. (2001), ‘I think condoms are good but, I hate those things’: condom use among adolescents and young people in a Southern African township. Social Science and Medicine, 52(11), 1613-1627
[13] MacPhail, C., Pettifor, A.E., Pascoe, S. & Rees, H.V., (2007), ‘Contraception use and pregnancy among 15–24 year old South African women: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey’, BMC Medicine 5, 31. PMID: 17963521, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1741-17015/5/31
[14] Magadi M, (2006), Poor pregnancy outcomes among adolescents in South Nyanza region of Kenya. Afr J Reproductive Health 2006; 10(1):26–38.
[15] Manzini N. (2001), Sexual initiation and childbearing among adolescent girls in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. Reprod Health Matt.;9(17):44–52.
[16] NACP (2000), Ghana HIV sentinel report, Accra: Ghana health service.
[17] Soe, H. H. K., Than, N. N., Kaul, A., Kumar, S., & Somrongthong, R. (2012), Determinants of contraceptive usage among Myanmar migrant women in Phang-Nga Province Thailand. Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 3(11), 721–728.
[18] Speidel, J. J., Harper, C. C. & Shields, W. C. (2008), The Potential of Long- Acting Reversible Contraception to Decrease Unintended Pregnancy. Contraception, 78(3), 197–200.
[19] Steyn, P. S. & Mason, D. (2009), Emergency Contraception – A Review. Obstetrics & Gynaecology Forum, 19, 127–133.
[20] Tone, A. (2002), Devices and desires: A history of contraceptives in America. Macmillan.
[21] UN (2015). Adolescent Development: Perspectives and Frameworks.
[22] UNICEF (2011), Adolescence: An Age of Opportunity. The State of The World’s Children,
[23] Vermaas, L., (2010), ‘Dealing with unplanned pregnancies and abortions amongst tertiary students’, paper presented at the 6th African Conference on Psychotherapy in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda, 14–16 December, viewed 13 February 2013, from http://www.tut.ac.za/News/Pages/pregnancies.aspx.
[24] Williamson, L. M. (2008), Contraceptive careers: young women‘s choices, influences and risks, University of Glasgow.
Otoo, E.A., Tackie-Yarboi, D., Gyimadoh, B., Yayra, H., Gyasi, S., and Gyan, A., “Contraceptive Use among High School Students in the Effutu Municipality, Ghana; the Unknown Perception” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.492-496 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/492-496.pdf
Download PDF
Impact of Money Politics on Good Governance in South West Nigeria (2011-2019)
Omoleye Olabode – November 2021- Page No.: 497-507
This study explored the impact of money politics on good governance in Southwest Nigeria (2011-2019). Five research questions were framed while one hypothesis was formulated and tested for the study. From a population of 38,257,260 a sample of 400 respondents was drawn using the stratified sampling technique. The descriptive survey research design was used for the study. One instrument was utilized for the study. The questionnaire was a 27-item Money Politics and Good Governance Questionnaire (MPGGQ). The reliability of the MPGGQ was obtained using Crombach’s Alpha which yielded coefficient alpha value of 0.74. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation was used for data analysis while Chi-square statistics was used to test the research hypothesis. The study found that: money politics impacts highly on good governance in Southwest Nigeria between 2011 and 2019, money politics impacts highly on the emergence of people’s choice of political leadership in Southwest Nigeria. Also, money politics impacts highly on the electoral system in the Southwest between 2011 and 2019 and have negative consequences on good governance. The extent money politics affected performance in office in the Southwest between 2011 and 2019 is high. Money/godfatherism, poverty, corruption and impunity, weak electoral body, deceit by politicians, desperation to win at all cost and weak electoral framework are the major causes of money politics in Southwest Nigeria. The paper concludes that Money politics has obliterated the political process in the Southwest states of Nigeria and has impacted negatively on good governance. Money politics also impacted negatively on good governance and abuse of political office because the political office holders. The study among others recommends that until the regulatory agencies responsible for monitoring of elections and sanctioning of offenders improve their efforts in minimizing excessive use of money in politics of Southwest Nigeria, it will continue to produce incompetent leaders and this will lead to bad governance and abuse of power as well as misuse of state resources for private gain.
Page(s): 497-507 Date of Publication: 08 December 2021
Omoleye Olabode
School of Postgraduate Studies, Department of Political Science & International Relations, Nile University of Nigeria
[1] Adetula, V. (2000) Money and Politics in Nigeria, DFID in Collaboration with International Foundation for Electoral Systems, Jos, Nigeria.
[2] Adojutelegan, N. (2018). Vote-Selling: Infrastructure and Public Services. A Dissertation submitted to the Walden. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
[3] Adamu, Abdulrahman; Ocheni, Danladi & Ibrahim, Sani (2016) Money Politics and Analysis of Voting Behaviour in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects for Free and Fair Elections. International Journal of Public Administration and Management Research, 3(3):89–99.
[4] Andrews, M (2008). The Good Governance Agenda: Beyond Indicators without Theory. Oxford Development Studies, 36(4), 379407.
[5] Annan, K. (1998).Annual Report of the Secretary-General on the Work of the United Nations Organization. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/Docs/SG/Report98/ch2.htm (last accessed 22 November 2011).
[6] Apaza, C. (2009). Measuring Governance and Corruption Through the Worldwide Governance Indicators: Critiques, Responses, and Ongoing Scholarly Discussion. PS: Political Science & Politics, 42(1), 139-143.
[7] Baud, I. & Dewit, S. (2008). New Forms of Urban Governance in India, SAGE Publications, New Delhi.
[8] Bhaskar, R. (2013), Good Governance, SAGE Publications, New Delhi.
[9] Bjork, P.G. & Johansson, H.S.H. (2001). Towards Governance Theory: In Search for a Common Ground. Bjork-Johnson 2001pdf. IPSA. http://unoacademia.ch/webdav/site/ development/shard/development/mdv/sutienauxcours0809/E721governance/2.1.
[10] Caillier, J. G. (2013). Transformational Leadership and Whistle-Blowing Attitudes: Is This Relationship Meditated By Organizational Commitment and Public Service Motivation. The American Review of Public Administration, Published online by SAGE and Retrieved Dec. 30, 2013 from http://arp.sagepub.com.
[11] Cole, G. A. & Kelly, P. (2011). Management: Theory and Practice, Singapore: Cengage Learning EMEA. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999): Retrieved from http://www.nigeria-law.org.
[12] Doornbos, M. (2001). Good Governance. The Rise and Decline of a Policy Metaphor?’ Journal of Development Studies, 37(6): 93-108.
[13] Danjibo, N. & A. Oladeji, (2007). Vote buying in Nigerian elections: An assessment of the 2007 general election. Journal of African Elections, 6(2).
[14] Fagbadebo, O.M. (2009). Nigeria and the Perennial Problem of Governance: Explaining State Future in the Midst of Abundant Resources. Journal of Social Policy and National Productivity, 2(1), 20-25.
[15] Fox, J.W. (2010) ‘The role of money in campaign politics’, The Legacy Journal, 11 June [online] http://www.restoreamericaslegacy.com/the-legacy-journal/1 (accessed 19 August 2013).
[16] Gisselquist, R.M.(2012). Good Governance as a Concept, and Why This Matters for Development Policy. United Nations University –The World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER), Helsinki, Finland.
[17] Goel S. L. (2012). Development Administration Deep & Deep Publication, New Delhi.
[18] Grindle, M. (2004). Good Enough Governance: Poverty Reduction and Reform in Development Countries. Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration and Institutions, 17(4), 525-548.
[19] Harrison, G. (2005). The World Bank, Governance and Theories of Political Action in Africa. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 7(2), 240-260.
[20] Ibrahim, M. (2010). The Ibrahim Index of African Governance. Retrieved from Mo Ibrahim Foundation http://www.alafricanprogress.net.
[21] Idada, W. & Uhunmwangho, S.O. (2012). Problems of Democratic Governance in Nigeria: The Way Forward. Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 3(1), 49- 54.
[22] nternational Monetary Fund (2012): IMF REFORM. Washington DC: Centre for International Governance Innovation” (CIGI), IMF Headquarter.
[23] International Journal of Public Administration and Management Research (IJPAMR), Vol. 3, No. 3, May, 2016. Website: http://www.rcmss.com. ISSN: 2350-2231 (Online) ISSN: 2346-7215 (Print) AbdulrahmanAdamu, DanladiOcheni&Sani Umar Ibrahim , 2016, 3(3):89-99.
[24] Idowu, C. A. & Etinosa, E. M. (2013).Money politics and good governance in Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Reviews Vol.4 No.2, July, 2013; p.122 –136.
[25] Jide, B., (2007). Election marred with violence. The Guardian, May 6
[26] Jide, O., (2008). Money politics, political corruption and local government election in Nigeria. Victor, A.(Eds). Abuja: Money and Politics in Nigeria IFES Publisher.
[27] Jide, O.( 2011). Anatomy of the role of money in Nigeria’s 2011 Election. Available from www.google.ng.com [Accessed 19th May,2011].
[28] Jinadu, L.A. (2011). Inter-party Dialogue in Nigeria: Examining the Past, Present and Future. Abuja Political Parties Dialogue Series Held at the Bolingo Hotel, Abuja.
[29] Kalia S. (2004)– Good governance & Development, New Century Publication, New Delhi.
[30] Kaufmann, D.,A. Kraay. & Mastruzzi, P.(2006). Governance Matters.World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2296.
[31] Khan, M. (2008). The Illusory Lure of Good Governance and the Hard Realities of Growth in Poor Countries. An Inaugural Lecture Delivered at the University of London, London: SOAS Inaugural Lecture Series.
[32] Kurtz, M., & Schrank, A. (2007). Growth and Governance: Models, Measures, and Mechanisms. The Journal of Politics, 69(2) 538-554.
[33] Lawal, T. & Owolabi, D. (2012). Leadership Debacle: The Bane of Good Governance in Nigeria. Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences, 3(3), 1-12.
[34] Matenga, Gram (2016) Cash for Votes: Political Legitimacy in Nigeria, Available at:
[35] Micheal, B., (2008). Vote buying and violence in Nigeria elections campaigns. Accra: Afro Barometer Publication
[36] Minogue et al. (1998). Introduction: The Analysis of Public Management and Governance. I\
[37] Minogue M., Polidano, C., &Hulme,D (Eds.). Beyond the New Public Management, Changing Ideas and Practices in Governance. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
[38] Moloney, K. (2009). Public Administration and Governance: A sector-levcl Analysis of World Bank Aid. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 75(4), 609-627.
[39] Nanda, V. (2006).The “Good Governance” Concept Revisited.Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 603, 269-83.
[40] Nasir, E., (2012). The accidental public servant. Lagos: Safari Publisher.
[41] Nwagboso, C. I. Duke, O. (2012). Nigeria and the Challenges of Leadership in the 21st Century: A Critique. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(13), 230-237.
[42] Nwoko, K. (2019). Money Politics and Crisis of Leadership in Nigeria: A Critical Evaluation of Experiences in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. International Journal of Innovative Legal & Political Studies 7(4):10-21
[43] Nigeria’s Fourth Republic: Implications for Electoral Process and Democratic Consolidation” Quest Journals, Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science , vol. 07, no. 4, 2019, pp. 34-42.
[44] Obasanjo, O., (2003). Election in Nigeria’ Being a Paper Delivered at the INEC-Civil Society Forum on 27th November, 2003.
[45] Oestreich, J. E. (2004). The Human Rights Responsibilities of the World Bank: A Business Paradigm. Global Social Policy, 4(1), 55-76.
[46] Ogbette, A. S., Idam, M. O., Kareem, A. O. & Eke, I. E. (2019). Money Politics in Nigeria: Causes, Effects and Management. Journal of Public Administration, 1(2), 2019, pp. 13-17.
[47] Ogundiya, I. S. (2010a). Religious Ideals and Responsible Leadership: The Shepherd Model and Lessons for Nigeria’s Fledging Democracy. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences, 2(4), 242-248.
[48] Ogundiya, I. S. (2010b). Democracy and Good Governance: Nigeria’s Dilemma. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 4(6), 201 – 208.
[49] Ohman, M. (2013). Controlling Money in Politics: An Introduction, Speech for International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES), Washington, DC [online] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/rational/ifes (accessed 12 January 2016).
[50] Ojo, E., (2008). Vote buying in Nigeria Victor, A.(Eds). Abuja: Money and Politics in Nigeria IFES Publisher. Olusola, B.,(2010). Over 1,800 groups drawing support for Jonathan/Sambo ticket. Available from www.google.ng.com [Accessed 5th December,2010].
[51] Okene, A. A. (2011). National Security, Good Governance and Integration in Nigeria Since 1999: A Discourse. Asian Social Science Journal, 7(10), 166-176.
[52] Oladapo, S. O., Oyewale, A. O. & Abayomi, H. O. (2020). Influence of Vote Buying Among Electorates; Its Implications to Nigeria Future Democracy Higher Education. Journal of Social Science Vol. 18, No. 1, 2020, pp. 73-78
[53] Omilusi, M. (2016) “An Assessment of Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic” European Journal of Research in Social Sciences. 4(1):1-17.
[54] Onah. E. I. & Nwali, U. (2018). Monetization of electoral politics and the challenge of political exclusion in Nigeria.Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics. (56) 3. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/14662043.2017.1368157 on 25 August 2020.
[55] Osmani, S. (2007). Participatory Governance for Efficiency and Equity: An Overview of Issues and Evidence. Background paper prepared for the World Public Sector Report 2007, United Nations Department foe Economic and Social Affairs, New York. 11 June.
[56] Ovwasa, O. L. (2014). Money Politics and Vote Buying in Nigeria: The Bane of Good Governance. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5 (7):99-106
[57] Peters, B.G. (2010). Governance as Political Theory. A Working Paper Presented at Jerusalem Forum on Regulation and Governance. The Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.Working Paper No 22.
[58] Ramani’ V.V. (2007). Good Governance’ Prespective & Experiences, The Icfai University, Pran Publication, Hyderabad, India.
[59] Rotberg, R.I. (2004). Strengthening Governance. Washington Quarterly 38, 71-81.
[60] Rothstein, B. & Teorell, J. (2008). What is Quality of Government: A Theory of Impartial Political Institutions. Governance-An International Journal of Policy and Administration, 21, 165-190.
[61] Sakariyau, R., (2009). Electoral violence and the conduct of 2007 general elections in Nigeria: Implication for the nascent democracy. (Unpublished M.Sc Thesis, Department of Political Science. Ilorin: University of Ilorin.
[62] Schaffer, F. Charles (2007) Elections for Sale: The Causes and Consequences of Vote Buying. London: Lynne Rienner.
[63] Sheng, Y.K. (2008). What is good governance?. United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP).Retrieved on March 12, 2013 from http://www.unescap.org.
[64] Sule, B. & Tal, M. K. (2018). Impact of Money on Nigerian Politics: Exploring the General Elections in the Fourth Republic. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences, Vol. 5 No.2, 89-98.
[65] Tunde, S. R., Lawal, A. F. and Mohammed, A. (2015). The phenomenon of money politics and Nigeria’s democratization: an exploration of the fourth republic. Journal of Social Economics Research, 2015, 2(1): 1-9.
[66] United Nations Development Programme. (2007). Governance Indicators: A User’s Guide. New York: Document Library.
[67] Ushe, M. U. (2012). African Indigenous Religion and Sustainable Democracy: A Better Initiative for Good Governance in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 14(1), 1-15.
[68] Victor, A., (2008). Money and politics in Nigeria: An introductory’ in victor, A.(Eds). Abuja: Money and Politics in Nigeria IFES Publisher.
[69] Walecki, M. (2000) ‘Political money and corruption: considerations for Nigeria’, Paper presented at an Independent National Electoral Commission- Civil society Forum Seminar on Agenda for Electoral Reform, 27–28 November, Abuja, Nigeria.
[70] Vilfredo, Pareto. (1935) The Mind and Society Vol. 4 London: Jonathan Cape.
[71] Walecki, M.,(2008). Political money and corruption: Limiting corruption in political finance in Victor, A.(Eds). Abuja: Money Politics in Nigeria IFES Publisher.
[72] Weiss, T. (2000).Governance, Good Governance and Global Governance: Conceptual and Actual Challenges. Third World Quarterly, 21(5), 795-814.
[73] Williams, D. & Young, T., (1994).Governance, the World Bank and Liberal Theory of Political Studies, 42, 87.
[74] Williams, G. (2009). Good Governance. In R. kitchin and N. Thrift (Eds.).International Encyclopaedia of Human Geography. London: Elsevies. 606-614.
[75] World Bank (1992): Governance – United Nations Global Issues. Retrieved from www.un.org. World Bank (2012): Development – United Nations Global Issues. Retrieved from www.un.org. World Bank (2012): Neo-Classical/Liberalist Development Approach- United Nations Global Issues. Retrieved from www.un.org.
[76] Yusuf, H.A. (2013). Leadership Role and Good Governance in Nigeria. A Seminar Paper presented in the Department of Public Administration, ABU, Zaria. Retrieved on July 1, 2013 from http://www.imim-ng.org/downloads.
Omoleye Olabode “Impact of Money Politics on Good Governance in South West Nigeria (2011-2019)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.497-507 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/497-507.pdf
Download PDF
Causes of Herders and Farmers Conflicts on Economic Activities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Mohammed Musa, Ekhamheye, Sylvester, Ibrahim Gayam Meeqhaeel El-kas- November 2021- Page No.: 508-517
This research investigated the causes of the incessant conflict between the pastoralists and the crop producers in Nasarawa state. There is no doubt that for centuries, both have lived in peace and harmony and have greatly contributed to the progress of the society. However, recent happenings between the two groups show a high degree of bitterness to the extent of carrying arms against each other, which has led to the loss of lives and properties. It is against this background that this research seeks to unravel the causes of conflict between these animal farmers and crop farmers. In achieving this, a mixed method of research technique was adopted employing both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The research adopted Eco-violence theory developed by Homer-Dixon in 1999 as its theoretical framework. The theory view conflicts as a product of environmental resources and the competition over their usage by their users in a society, it assumed that competition over scarce ecological resources engenders violent conflict. The study is guided by one research objective, one research hypothesis and one research question. The findings of the study show that there is a significant difference between the responses of herders and farmers on the causes of their conflict in Nasarawa state. In lieu of the above, the study concluded that there is considerable difference between the position of the herders and the farmers as to the causes of the conflict. Based on the findings of the study, the researchers therefore recommend that the government of Nasarawa state in conjunction with the Federal Government and other relevant authorities should put in place necessary mechanisms that will forestall the recurrence of these incessant conflicts.
Page(s): 508-517 Date of Publication: 08 December 2021
Mohammed Musa
Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria
Ekhamheye, Sylvester
Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria
Ibrahim Gayam Meeqhaeel El-kas
Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria
[1] Abbas, I. M. (2009). No retreat no surrender conflict for survival between fulani cattle herders and farmers in Northern Nigeria.European Scientific Journal, 8(1), pp. 331-349.
[2] Abass, I. (2012). No retreat no surrender conflict for survival between the Fulani pastoralist and farmers in Northern Nigeria. European Scientific Journal, 8 (1), pp.331-346.
[3] Abdulbarkindo, A. &Alupse, B. (2016). Nigeria: Investigating common narratives of violent conflict in Nasarawa State. Commissioned by World Watch Research (WWR), Open Doors International, Netherlands.
[4] Abubakar, M. B. (2012). Sociological assessment of nomadic pastoralist and sedentary farmers conflicts in Katsina State. (An unpublished M.Sc. Thesis) submitted to Sociology Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.
[5] Adeoye, N. O. (2017). Land use conflict between farmers and herdsmen in parts of Kano, Yobe and Borno States of Nigeria: Nomads’ viewpoints. Ghana Journal of Geography, 9 (1), pp.127–151
[6] Adetula, D. (2016). Understanding the fulani herdsmen crisis in Nigeria: Here is everything you need to know. Accessed 28 January 2019, from http://venturesafrica.com/ understanding- the-fulani-herdsmen-crisis-in- nigeria-what-you-need-to-know
[7] Adisa, R. S. (2012). Land use conflict between farmers and herdsmen – implications for rural development in Nigeria, Rural Development, Contemporary Issues and Practice,http://www.intechopen.com.
[8] Adogi, M. M. (2013). The Fulani–farmers conflicts in Nasarawa State: The ecology, population and politics. Daily Post, February, 9, dailypost.ng
[9] Ajibefun, M. B. (2017). Social and economic effects of the menace of Fulani – herdsmen crises in Nigeria. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 8(2), pp 133-139
[10] Bello, A.U. (2013). Herdsmen and farmers conflicts in North-Eastern Nigeria: Causes, repercussions and resolutions; Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2(5), pp.129-139. Available on https://doi.org/10.17570/stj.2015.v1n2.a13
[11] Bukari, K. N. (2017). Farmer-herder relations in Ghana: Interplay of environmental change, conflict, cooperation and social networks (Unpublished Doctoral dissertation).
[12] Garba, M. (2016). Nigerian govt. says 204 killed in Southern Kaduna crisis. Accessed on 28 January 2019, from http://www.trezzyhelm.com/2016/12/more- graphic-photos-from- fulani.html?m=1
[13] Uchechukwu, G., (2020). Farmers-Herders Conflicts and Ranches Establishment Law in Nigeria: A Study of Benue State. International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR), 4 (1), 1-16.
[14] Homer-Dixon, T. F., (1999). Environment, scarcity and violence; Princeton: University Press
[15] Mawoli, M., & Adamu, A. (2020). Solutions to Herders-Farmers Conflict in Nigeria: The Academic Perspectives and Business Implications. International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship, 10 (1), 101-112.
[16] Mwamfupe, D. (2015). Persistence of farmer herder conflict in Tazanian.International Journal Science Research Public,5(2), pp. 1-8.
[17] Nchi, S. I. (2013). Religion and politics in Nigeria: The constitutional issues; Jos: Green World
[18] Ndubuisi, C. I. (2018). A critical analysis of conflicts between herdsmen and farmers in Nigeria: Causes and socioreligious and political effects on national development’, HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies 74(1), pp. 50-65. https://doi.org/ 10.4102/hts.v74i1.5065
[19] Ofem, O. O. & Inyang, B. (2014). Livelihood and conflict dimension among crop farmers and Fulani herdsmen in Yakurr Region of Cross River State. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(8), 512-519.
[20] Ofuoku, A. U. & Isife, B. I. (2009). Causes, effects and resolution of farmers-nomadic cattle herders’ conflicts in Delta State, Nigeria.International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 1(2), 49.
[21] Okoli, A. & Atelhe, G. A. (2017). Nomads against natives: A political ecology of herder/farmer conflicts in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 4(2), pp.76-88.
[22] Olabode, A. D. & Ajibade, L. T. (2010). Environment-induced conflict and sustainable development: A case of Fulani-farmers’ conflict in OkeEro L.G.A, Kwara State
[23] Olayoku. P. O, (2014). Trends and pattern of cattle grazing and rural violence in Nigeria, 2006- 2014, IFRA-Nigerian Working Papers Series No 03
[24] Oyetade, L. (2007). “Farmers in Northern Nigeria suffer effects of desertification.” Available at http://www.africanagricultureblog.com/2007/03/farmers-in-northern-nigeria-suffer.html.
[25] Solagberu, R. (2012). Land use conflict between farmers and herdsmen – Implications for agricultural and rural development in Nigeria. In Solagberu, R (ed.) Rural Development.
[26] Sylvester, O. O. (2017). Anti-Grazing Policy and Conflict Resolution between Fulani Herdsmen and Farmers in Ekiti State. Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 4 (1), 1-13. Retrieved from 10.9734/ARJASS/2017/35979
[27] Ugwu, A. & Enna, D. M. (2015). Conflict transformation in Nasarawa State: The alternative dispute resolution (ADR) Option. Global Journal of Political Science and Administration 3(3), 58-73.
[28] Yahaya, Y. S. (2008). Perspectives on nomads/farmers conflicts. A paper presented at Zamfara State College of Education, Zamfara State, Nigeria, September 14th– 16th.
Mohammed Musa, Ekhamheye, Sylvester, Ibrahim Gayam Meeqhaeel El-kas, “Causes of Herders and Farmers Conflicts on Economic Activities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.508-517 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/508-517.pdf
Download PDF
The Effect of Legislators’ Education Levels on Constituency Service: A Case Study of CDF Utilization (2008-2013)
Frank Muinde Munyao & Patrick Kasyula – November 2021- Page No.: 518-528
Education levels world over are used as a measure of determining a potential employees job performance abilities. Unfortunately little research has been done to establish the effect of legislators’ education levels on their performance, yet there has been clamor for university education to be used as a pre-requisite for any one running for a representative position. The main purpose of this study was therefore aimed at establishing the effect of legislators’ education levels on their constituency service. The study used CDF as the measure of constituency service and utilized secondary data obtained from parliament and the National Association of Taxpayers. The study findings showed that the legislators’ levels of education didn’t have effect on their constituency service as far as CDF utilization ranking is concerned. In the first and second phase of ranking the legislators who didn’t have a bachelor’s degree were ranked better in CDF utilization compared to those who had at least a bachelor’s degree. It’s only in the third and fourth phases of the CDF rankings that those with at least a bachelor’s degree were ranked well than their counterparts without a bachelor’s degree. The study then comes to an end with a number of recommendations and suggestions for further research work to broaden the sphere of knowledge in this scholarly area of research.
Page(s): 518-528 Date of Publication: 08 December 2021
Frank Muinde Munyao
University of Nairobi, Kenya
Patrick Kasyula
University of Nairobi, Kenya
[1] Ariss, S. S., & Timmins, S. A. (1989). Employee Education and Job Performance: Does Education Matter? Public Personnel Management, 18(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102608901800101
[2] Bagaka O., (2010). An institutionalized view on the creation of constituency development fund in Kenya, Kenya studies review vol. 1 No. 2
[3] Blais, A., Massicotte, L., & Yoshinaka, A. (2003). Establishing the Rules of the Game: Election Laws in Democracies (2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division. Celik G., (2002). An analysis of the effect of graduate education on the job performance of federal (DOD) civilian employees; Naval postgraduate school monterey ca graduate school of business and publicpolicy
[4] Cheeseman, N., Anderson, D., & Scheibler, A. (2013). Routledge Handbook of African Politics (Routledge Handbooks (Hardcover)) (1st ed.). Routledge.
[5] Clarke, H. D., Price, R. G., & Krause, R. (1975). Constituency Service among Canadian Provincial Legislators: Basic Findings and a Test of Three Hypotheses. Canadian Journal of Political Science, 8(4), 520–542. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900046278
[6] CMD-Kenya., (2011). Elective, nominative & appointive positions unpacked: A handbook for women seeking leadership positions.
[7] Constituencies Development Fund. (2003). Http://Kenyalaw.Org/Kl/Fileadmin/Pdfdownloads/Acts/ConstituenciesDevelopmentFundAct__No10of2003.Pdf.
[8] const1963. (1963). Http://Kenyalaw.Org/Kl/Fileadmin/Pdfdownloads/1963_Constitution.Pdf.
[9] Const2010. (2010). Http://Www.Kenyalaw.Org/Lex/Actview.Xql?Actid=Const2010. Duignan B., (2013). Political parties, interest groups and elections, Britannica educational publishing,
[10] Halligan, J., Krause, R., Williams, R., & Hawker, G. (1988). Constituency Service among Sub-National Legislators in Australia and Canada. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 13(1), 49. https://doi.org/10.2307/439944
[11] Hazama, Y. (2005). Constituency service in Turkey: a survey on MPs. European Journal of Turkish Studies, 3. https://doi.org/10.4000/ejts.471
[12] Hill C., (1991). The World Turned Upside Down: Radical Ideas in the English Revolution, Penguin; New Ed edition Hill P.J. (1999). Public choice: A review, Faith and economics, No. 34, Pages1-10
[13] Joseph S., (2004). Political Theory and Power, second edition, New Delhi, India, Manas Saikia for foundation books https://doi.org/10.1017/UPO9788175968127 Kenya Department of Parliamentary Research Services, September 2008 Kimani F.,
[14] Nekesa P., & Ndungu B., (2009). Best practices in constituency development fund (CDF). Collaborative Centre for Gender and Development, Nairobi. https://gate.unwomen.org/resources/docs/gendereqaulity/CCGD_Best%20Practices%20in%20CDF_2008.pdf
[15] Manin, B. (1997). The Principles of Representative Government (Themes in the Social Sciences) (First Soft Cover Edition). Cambridge University Press.
[16] Mattes, R., & Mozaffar, S. (2011). ‘Education, Legislators and Legislatures in Africa’, Paper prepared for the Higher Education Research and Advocacy Network in Africa (HERANA), Wynberg: CHET.
[17] Mills C. W., (1999). The power elite (1999 edition) https://openlibrary.org/works/OL9008648W/The_power_elite
[18] Nation Media Group PLC. (2012, June). Do You Need a Degree to Be a Leader. http://www.nation.co.ke/life+style/DN2/Do+you+need+a+degree+to+be+a+leader/-/957860/1434560/-/3hhfjfz/-/index.html Onwumechili C., (1998). African Democratization and Military Coups, greenwood publishing group
[19] Petersen, E. R. (2012). Roles and Duties of a Member of Congress: Brief Overview. Congressional Research Service.
[20] Prestine N. A. (1991). Political system theory as an explanatory paradigm for teacher education reform. American Educational Research Journal, 28(2), 237–274. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312028002237
[21] Ross, S. (2003). The French Revolution (Events and Outcomes). Heinemann Library.
[22] Standard Group PLC. (2010). The Standard – Breaking News, Kenya News, World News and Videos. The Standard. https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000060724&story_title=
[23] Standard Group PLC. (2012, June). The Standard – Breaking News, Kenya News, World News and Videos. The Standard. https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?articleID=2000001034&story_title=Feedback:-Do-you-agree-with-Mudavadi%E2%80%99s-proposal-that-mayors-should-have-degrees? TISA, (2009). The CDF Status Report, December 2009,
[24] Uche, L. U. (1990). Mass Media, People, and Politics in Nigeria. South Asia Books.
[25] Zyl A., (2010). what is wrong with the Constituency Development Funds? International Budget Brief No. 10. https://internationalbudget.org/publications/brief10/
Frank Muinde Munyao & Patrick Kasyula, “The Effect of Legislators’ Education Levels on Constituency Service: A Case Study of CDF Utilization (2008-2013)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.518-528 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/518-528.pdf
Download PDF
The Impact of Female Empowerment on the Fourth Birth
Mostafa Sayed Mostafa Abd – El Hameed El Misery- November 2021- Page No.: 529-533
The Egyptian strategy aims at reducing the fertility rate from 3.5% children per woman to 2.4 % by 2030. Egypt is one of the most populous countries in the Arab world with a population of 93 million citizens in 2016, and it is set to grow to about 120 million by 2030 if the same fertility level continues (United Nations, 2017). According to the country’s statistics agency CAPMAS (CAPMAS, 2018) Egypt saw the birth of almost 2.6 million babies per year, from 2012 to 2016. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between women’s empowerment and their fertility choices in order to identify how, if possible, can women’s empowerment contribute to lowering their fertility preference in terms of the number of children ever born and thus lowering the total fertility rate. Due to issues with measuring the direct indicators of empowerment as revealed in the paper, special focus is given to women’s education and work due to their role identified in the literature as key resources of empowerment. We estimate a Cox’s hazard regression model to investigate the significant factors that related to having four children. We fit our model using data from the 2012 round of Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey. Results show that reaching replacement level of having two children is a big challenge to which policy makers must pay careful attention? females who less empowered have more children than those who are more empowered also.
Page(s): 529-533 Date of Publication: 09 December 2021
Mostafa Sayed Mostafa Abd – El Hameed El Misery
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, Egypt
[1] Assaad, R., Hendy, R., Lassassi, M., & Yassin, S. (2018). Explaining the MENA paradox: Rising educational attainment, yet stagnant female labor force participation. IZA Discussion Paper, No. 11385.
[2] Atake, EH., Gnakou Ali, P. (2019). Women’s empowerment and fertility preferences in high fertility countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Women’s Health 19, 54 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-019-0747-9.
[3] Balk, D. (1994). Individual and community aspects of women’s status and fertility in rural Bangladesh. Population Studies, 48, 21–45.
[4] Batana YM, Ali PG. An analysis of married Women’s empowerment in sub-Saharan Africa. 2015. https://ideas.repec.org/p/aer/rpaper/rp_293.html.Accessed 18 Jul 2017.
[5] Bertoli, S., &Marchetta, F. (2015). Bringing it all back home – return migration andfertility choices. World Development, 65, 27–40.
[6] CAPMAS (2018). Statistical Yearbook. Tech. rep., Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS), Egypt.
[7] Canning D, Raja S, Yazbeck AS. (2018) “Africa’s demographic transition: dividend or disaster?” https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/22036.Accessed 05 Dec.
[8] Cornwall, A. (2016). Women’s empowerment: What works? Journal of International Development, 28, 342–359.
[9] Do, M., & Kurimoto, N. (2012). Women’s empowerment and choice of contraceptive methods in selected African countries. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 38, 23–33.
[10] Eger, C., Miller, G., &Scarles, C. (2018). Gender and capacity building: A multi-layered study of empowerment. World Development, 106, 207–219.
[11] Elder, G. H. (1998). The life course as developmental theory. Child Development, 69,1–12.
[12] Martin, S. P. (2000). Diverging fertility among U.S. women who delay childbearing past age 30. Demography, 37, 523–533.
[13] Malhotra, A., Schuler, S. R., &Boender, C. (2005). Women’s empowerment as a variable in international development. Measuring empowerment: Cross-disciplinary perspectives. Geneva: World Bank.
[14] Malhotra A, Schuler SR and Boender C, (2012) “Measuring Women’s Empowerment as a Variable in International Development”, Washington,DC: World Bank, June 28, 2002, http://hdr.undp.org/docs/network/hdr_net/GDI_GEM_Measuring_Womens_Empowerment.pdf.
[15] Karasapan, O., & Shah, S. (2018). Egypt’s population: Boom then bust? Future development. Washington, DC: Brookings Institute.
[16] Kravdal, Ø. (2002). Education and fertility in sub-Saharan africa: Individual and community effects. Demography, 39, 233–250.
[17] Jejeebhoy SJ, (1995) “Women’s Education, Autonomy, and Reproductive Behaviour: Experience from Developing Countries”, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
[18] Richardson, R. A. (2018). Measuring women’s empowerment: A critical review of current practices and recommendations for researchers. Social Indicators Research, 137, 539–557.
[19] Samari, G., &Pebley, A. R. (2018). Longitudinal determinants of married women’sautonomy in Egypt. Gender, Place & Culture, 25(6), 799–820. https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2018.1473346.
[20] Samari, G. (2019). Women’s empowerment in Egypt: The reliability of a complex construct. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 27, 1. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 26410397.2019.1586816.
[21] UNITED NATIONS (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, New York.
[22] Upadhyay UD, KarasekD. (2012)“Women’s empowerment and ideal family size: an examination of DHS empowerment measures in sub-Saharan Africa”. Int Perspect Sex R H.; 38(2):78–89.
[23] USAID. (2017). Gender equality and Women’s empowerment. Washington, DC: USAID.
[24] WoldemicaelG, (2009)“Women’s autonomy and reproductive preferences in Eritrea”, Journal of Biosocial Science, 41(2):161–181.
Mostafa Sayed Mostafa Abd – El Hameed El Misery, “The Impact of Female Empowerment on the Fourth Birth” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.529-533 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/529-533.pdf
Download PDF
Liberative Pedagogies for Mitigating Teenage pregnancy
John Kibwage Nyangaresi, Elvis Omondi Kauka – November 2021- Page No.: 534-537
The role of pedagogy in transmitting preventive skills necessary for mitigating teenage pregnancies is usually sacrificed at the behest sociological and psychological curative and reactive measures. It is however permissible to entertain critical and philosophical preventive pedagogical procedures that are heavily hinged on the theory of man’s capacity to think efficaciously. This article therefore purposed to examine the implications of liberative pedagogical dispositions in solving teenage pregnancy in schools. The article appeals to the implications of Freirian pedagogical dispositions in addressing teenage pregnancy and the implications of Deweyian pedagogical principles in mitigating teenage pregnancy. The article employed critical Method of Philosophical investigation. The study points that if teenage pregnancy is to be addressed in a more permanent and humanized way, then educators must embrace Pedagogical balance, Pedagogical humanization, Emotional intelligence, experiential pedagogy, Problematization of pedagogy, Engaged Pedagogy and Democratic pedagogies. These forms of pedagogies are hinged on the concept of Educere-(Latin for bringing out-leading out). Educerean conception of education posits that pedagogy is a catalyst for the unfolding the latent powers within a learner. The latent experiential and cognitive powers are not only the best way of addressing teenage pregnancy from a liberative perspective but it is also philosophically sound.
Operational Definitions
Pedagogy: It is the art and science of transmitting knowledge, skills or attitudes. In this paper pedagogical orientation inclines towards learner centered transmissions.
Liberative pedagogies: Steps or action taken to setindividuals free from oppressive environments
Teenage pregnancy: (Adolescent pregnancy) can be described as a conception by any female who is less than 19 years of age at the end of the pregnancy (WHO, 2004).
Critical pedagogy: Refers to methods and principles laid down for teaching children on careful and serious multi-sectoral approaches for instance mitigating teenage pregnancy
Humanizing Pedagogy: Instructional orientation that bring out latent human capabilities of the individual learner
Page(s): 534-537 Date of Publication: 09 December 2021
John Kibwage NyangaresiJohn Kibwage Nyangaresi
Department of Educational Foundations, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P. O. BOX 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya
Elvis Omondi Kauka
Department of Educational Foundations, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P. O. BOX 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya
[1] Bandura, A. (1982). The psychology of chance encounters and life paths. American psychologist, 37(7), 747.
[2] Burbules, N. C., & Berk, R. (1999). Critical Thinking and Critical Pedagogy: Relations, Differences, and Limits. In T.S. Popkewitz & L. Fendler (Eds).Critical Theories in Education. New York City, NY: Routledge.
[3] Dewey,J. (2004). A comparison of reading development by learners of Japanese in intensive domestic immersion and study abroad contexts. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 26(2), 303-327.
[4] Dewey, J. (1897). My Pedagogic Creed, School Journal, 54(Jan.): 77–80.
[5] Dewey, J. (1899). The School and Society, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
[6] Dewey, J. (1916a). Democracy and Education: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education, New York: Macmillan.
[7] Dewey, J. (1916b).Essays in Experimental Logic, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
[8] Dewey, J. (1920).Reconstruction in Philosophy, New York: Henry Holt and Co. Reprinted in Dewey, J. (1938a). “Democracy and Education in the World of Today”, pamphlet by the Society for Ethical Culture, New York.
[9] Dewey, J. (1938b). Experience and Education, New York: Macmillan.
[10] Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. New York: Herder and Herder.
[11] Freire, P. (1973). Education for critical consciousness. New York, NY: Continuum.
[12] Freire, P. (1978). Pedagogy in Process: The Letters to Guinea-Bissau. New York: Seabury Press.
[13] Freire, P. (1985). The Politics of Education: Culture, Power and Liberation. Trans. Donaldo Macedo. South Hadley: Bergin and Garvey.
[14] Freire, P. (1995) Pedagogy of Hope: Reviving Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Trans. Robert R. Barr. New York: Continuum.
[15] Freire, P. (1997). Pedagogy of the Heart. New York: Continuum, 1997.
[16] Gadotti, M. (1994|0. Reading Paulo Freire: His Life and Work. New York: New York University Press.
[17] Hooks, bell. (1994). Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom). New York City, NY: Routledge.
[18] Njoroge, R. J., & Bennaars, G. A. (1986).Education and philosophy in Africa
[19] Shor, I. (1992). Empowering education: Critical teaching for social change. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press
[20] Shor, I. (1999). What is critical literacy? I. Shor & C. Pari (Eds.), Critical literacy in action: Writing words, changing worlds (pp. 1-31). Portsmouth: Heinemann
[21] UNESCO.(2009). International Technical Guidance on Sexual Education. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
[22] WHO.(2020). Adolescent pregnancy. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy. Accessed on 12 May 2021.
[23] World Vision (2020). Nearly one million pregnant sub-Saharan African girls may be blocked from returning to school followingCOVID-19. https://www.wvi.org/stories/view/nearly-one-million-pregnant-sub-saharan-african-girls-may-be-blocked-returning-school.
[24] WHO(2004).AdolescentPregnancy:http://wqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241595650_eng.pd
John Kibwage Nyangaresi, Elvis Omondi Kauka, “Liberative Pedagogies for Mitigating Teenage pregnancy” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.534-537 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/534-537.pdf
Download PDF
Review of the Implementation of South Sudan’s National Gender Policy in Jubek State, South Sudan
Mburu Joseph Njoroge, Dr. Edna Moi – November 2021- Page No.: 538-554
Most studies have shown that gender mainstreaming in South Sudan has not been well undertaken this is due to lack of working policy or lack of policy implementation. While expansive body of literature has explored the implications of gender disparities in South Sudan, none has been published on the impact National Gender Policy full implementation. This study aims at assessing the implementation of South Sudan National Gender Policy in Jubek State, South Sudan. The study was guided by three objectives namely; to identify the gender gaps in the National gender Policy as a step towards achieving gender equality in Jubek state in gender mainstreaming in Jubek State; and to determine stakeholders’ achievement in a national gender policy in Jubek State. The study employed a stand point theory. A population of 350 government officials and members of the public in the Jubek State targeted in the study with a randomly selected sample of 105 respondents. Members of the public responded to questionnaire while Government Officials to respond to both interview guide questionnaire. The aim of the study was to assess this strategies that help in the implementation of Gender policy in all government Ministries. The study employed descriptive and inferential analysis with the aid of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and data presented by Charts and tables. The study further revealed that despite the existence of South Sudan National Gender Policy its implementation is still a not clear since the general public is not even aware of its existence and there is no awareness to the public on the importance of the South Sudan National Gender Policy. The study further concluded that there is no emphasis national gender policy in gender mainstreaming. Gender responsive training and retraining programs have not been established. There are also no adequate resources allocated for gender mainstreaming. The government doesn’t increase financial allocation for interventions to increase retention rates for girls and boys in schools. Thus the national gender policy in gender mainstreaming has not produced any success. The study findings further revealed that stakeholders in national gender policy have not achieved a lot. The study recommends that, there is need for the government state ministries to establish more strict measures to ensure there is gender equity in employment in both private and public service. There is also need for the government stakeholders to create awareness to the public on the importance and implementation of Sudan National Gender Policy (SSNGP). The government should allocate adequate resources for gender mainstreaming. The government also needs to increase financial allocation for interventions to increase retention rates for girls and boys in schools. Thus the national gender policy in gender mainstreaming has not produced any success
Page(s): 538-554 Date of Publication: 09 December 2021
Mburu Joseph Njoroge
Kenyatta University, Kenya
Dr. Edna Moi
Kenyatta University, Kenya
[1] Abusharaf, R. M. (2009). Transforming displaced women in Sudan: politics and the body in a squatter settlement. University of Chicago Press.
[2] Ali, N. M. (2011). Gender and state building in South Sudan. US Institute of Peace.
[3] Arabi, A. (2011). In power without power’: Women in politics and leadership positions in South Sudan. Hope, Pain & Patience: The Lives of Women in South Sudan, 193-213.
[4] Arostegui, J. (2013). Gender, conflict, and peace-building: How conflict can catalyse positive change for women. Gender & Development, 21(3), 533-549.
[5] Balta, M. E. (2008). The impact of business environment and boards of directors on strategic decision-making: A case study of Greek listed companies (Doctoral dissertation, Brunel University Brunel Business School PhD Theses)
[6] Barriteau, V. E. (2000). Feminist theory and development: implications for policy, research and action. Theoretical perspectives on gender and development, 161- 178.
[7] Benería, L., Berik, G., & Floro, M. (2015). Gender, development and globalization: economics as if all people mattered. Routledge.
[8] Carey, H. F. (2001). ‘Women and peace and security’: The politics of implementing gender sensitivity norms in peacekeeping. International Peacekeeping, 8(2), 49-68.
[9] De Waal, A., & Mohammed, A. (2014). Breakdown in South Sudan. Foreign Affairs.
[10] Ebila, F. (2003). Uganda: Mainstreaming Gender into Policy: Examining Uganda’s Gender Water Strategy.
[11] Edward, J. (2011). Women and political participation in South Sudan. Sudan Tribune.
[12] Edward, J. K. (2014). A strategy for achieving gender equality in South Sudan. Weekly Review. Juba, South Sudan: The Sudd Institute.
[13] Edward, J. K. (2014). A strategy for achieving gender equality in South Sudan. Weekly Review. Juba, South Sudan: The Sudd Institute.
[14] Fordham, M. (2003). Gender, disaster and development. Natural disasters and development in a globalizing world. Routledge, London, 57-74.
[15] Majekodunmi, A. A. (2006). 10. NIGERIA: Using Gender Mainstreaming Processes to Help Protect Drinking Water Sources of the Obudu Plateau Communities in Northern Cross River State. Gender, Water and Sanitation, 62.
[16] Mannan, H., McVeigh, J., Amin, M., MacLachlan, M., Swartz, L., Munthali, A., & Van Rooy, G. (2012). Core concepts of human rights and inclusion of vulnerable groups in the disability and rehabilitation policies of Malawi, Namibia, Sudan, and South Africa. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 23(2), 67-81.
[17] Mjøen, A. O. (2015). Women’s participation in statebuilding with a focus on South Sudan, Rwanda and Nepal (Master’s thesis, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås).
[18] Mugenda, O. & Mugenda, G. (2003). Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: African Centre for Technology Studies.
[19] National Gender Policy, (2013). Ministry Of Gender, Child and Social Welfare. The Republic Of South Sudan, 1-66
[20] Okumu J. (2012) Gender mainstreaming and promotion of gender equality: A case study of the Swedish Cooperative Centre, Vi-agroforestry project, Kisumu-Kenya. Examensarbete i Hållbar Utveckling 90
[21] Sudan, F. (2021). Technological Disruptions, Youth Unemployment and Vocational Education Challenges in South Asia: A Short Report. Global Economics Science, 80-97. doi: 10.37256/ges.222021769
Mburu Joseph Njoroge, Dr. Edna Moi “Review of the Implementation of South Sudan’s National Gender Policy in Jubek State, South Sudan” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.538-554 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51128
Download PDF
Implementation of Programs under the Child-Friendly School Systems (CFSS): Response to Sustainable Development Goals
Marita S. Magat- November 2021- Page No.: 555-562
The study assessed the implementation of child-friendly school system (CFSS) programs in Camarines Sur, Philippines. Specifically, it presented a profile of programs; assessed the sustainability, relevance, and accessibility; and determined the degree of achievement of the expected outputs of the programs. The study utilized a mixed model of quantitative and qualitative methods. It used a validated researcher-made questionnaire as a data-gathering instrument. Triangulation through structured interview and secondary documents analysis was conducted. Stratified and random sampling was used to determine the samples of students and teachers while the fishbowl technique was used to draw samples of public schools both in secondary and elementary levels in the whole province of Camarines Sur. Total enumeration of school heads was considered in the Key Informants Interview (KII).
The study reveals that majority of the programs were relevant, accessible, and sustainable. The achievement of the CFSS outcomes such as retention rate and percentage of well-nourished children are relatively satisfactory while the Mean Percentage Score (MPS) in National Achievement Test (NAT) is low average. The programs addressed Goal 2 (Zero Hunger); Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-Being); Goal 4 (Quality Education); Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation); Goal 13 (Climate Action) and Goal 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions) of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The programs that were commonly implemented by school respondents are Brigada Eskwela Plus; Youth for Environment in School (YES); Every Child a Reader Program (ECARP). Massive anti-child labor and anti-bullying campaigns; intensified linkages and resource generation; recovery and sustainability measures for inactive programs which are relevant but no longer implemented were some of the recommendations.
Page(s): 555-562 Date of Publication: 09 December 2021
Marita S. Magat
Partido State University, Goa, Camarines Sur, Region V, Philippines
[1] United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF). (2009). Assessing Child-Friendly Schools: Manual, UNICEF, New York, USA. Retrieved from htpp://www.unicef.org/eapro/Assessing_CFS.pdf
[2] United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF). (2015). Child-Friendly Schools: Manual, UNICEF, New York, USA. Retrieved from htpp://www.unicef.org/lifeskills/index_7260.html
[3] Tuncel, et. al., (2018). Child-Friendly Schools: An Assessment of Secondary Schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(3), 466-477. DOI: 10.13189/ejer.2018.060313.
[4] Wehella, M. (2014). School-based Management Initiatives in Sri Lanka: Policy into Practice. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Sussex OnLine Journal. Retrieved from http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/.
[5] United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF). (1999). Child-Friendly Schools Evaluation: Country Report for Philippines. United Nations Children’s Fund, New York, USA
[6] United Nations (UN). (2019). Un Sustainable Development Goals. New York, USA. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
[7] Aguilar, J. 2011. Child-Friendly School as an Entry Point for Democratization of Educational System and Learning, Paper presented to the Ministerial Conference on “Education as an Investment into the Future of Asia”, Tashkent, April 2011. Retrieved from www.osce.orgcio28968.
[8] United Nations International Children Emergency Fund (UNICEF), (2009). Child-Friendly Schools Evaluation: Country Report for the Philippines. United Nations Children’s Fund, New York, USA. Retrieved from http://www.unicef.org/evaldatabase/index_58798.html .
[9] United Nations (UN). (2019). Un Sustainable Development Goals. New York, USA. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
[10] Godfrey, E.,( 2012). Cross-national measurement of school learning environments: Creating indicators for evaluating UNICEF’s Child-Friendly Schools Initiative. Child and Youth Services Review, 34(3), 546-557.
[11] Cobanoglu, F, et.al., (2018). Child-Friendly Schools: An assessment of Secondary Schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 466-477. DOI 10.13189.
[12] Lacrampe, R.( 2017). Children’s Participation as a Feature of Educational Reform in Kenya: An Analysis of the Child-Friendly School Framework and Children’s Government. University of Ottawa Research Journal, retrieved from http://ruor.uottawa.ca/bitstream/10393/36671/Lacrampe_Rachel.
[13] Shapiro, J. (2005). Monitoring and Evaluation, CIVICUS, South Africa, p. 3. Retrieved from http://www.schoolnetafrica.net/fileadmin/resources/Monitoring_and_Evaluation.pdf
[14] Department of Education, (2008).Institutionalization of Brigada Eskwela Program, DepEd Memo # 24, s.2008, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[15] Department of Education, (2003).Establishment of Youth for Environment in Schools (YES) Program, DepEd Memo # 72, s.2003, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[16] Department of Education, (2002).Reading Literacy Program in the Elementary Schools, DepEd Memo # 45, s.2002, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[17] Department of Education, (2007). Gulayan sa Paaralan Program, DepEd Memo # 72, s. 2007, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[18] Department of Education, (2017).Operational Guidelines on the Implementation of School-Based Feeding Program, DedEd Memo # 39, s.2017, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[19] Department of Education, (2009).Guidelines in the Establishment of WATCH Schools (We Advocate Time Conciousness and Honesty in Schools) , DedEd Memo # 410, s.2009, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[20] Department of Education, (1995). War on Waste Crusade, DedEd Memo # 54, s. 1995, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[21] Department of Education, (2016). Policy and Guidelines for the Comprehensive Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools (WINS) Program, DedEd Memo # 10, s. 2016, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[22] Department of Education, (2012). DEPED Child Protection Policy, DedEd Memo # 40, s.2012, http://www.deped.gov.ph
[23] Department of Education, (2015). Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Coordination and Information Management Protocol, DedEd Memo # 21, s.2015, http://www.deped.gov.ph
Marita S. Magat, “Implementation of Programs under the Child-Friendly School Systems (CFSS): Response to Sustainable Development Goals” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.555-562 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51129
Download PDF
The politics of moral panic: Anthropology of mass-panicking processes of contemporary Sri Lanka
A. Sarath Ananda – November 2021- Page No.: 563-574
Sri Lanka society is an appropriate arena of research to the nature of moral engineering and moral enterprising for unending power struggle of supremacy seekers and pressure groups. The political as well as cultural elite-sponsored moral panics that come from many forms that based on semi-authentic or fault factors makes a huge damage to the social order of the nation. The long term disturbance to the nation development, social integrity and cultural ethical codes is immeasurable. This article deliberates over selected cases such as debate over chronicle kidney diseases, food poisoning, DCD, satirizing pills and satirizing surgery panics appeared in the contemporary history in Sri Lanka. The basic objective of this research is building a sociological discourse on the prevailed reality of the concurrent socio-political structure and revealing its effectives on Sri Lankan society. This paper that has been employed enclosing the discourse building a literary discourse on the concept of moral panic such as, reviewing worldwide experiences on mass-panicking and the application these concepts to the concurrent Sri Lankan socio-political context. Primary data were extracted by selected newspaper articles, recorded public speeches made by influential individuals, blog reports, research reports and public acts regarding various issues related in the thematic area of this research. This study also has been built largely on the contour of secondary literature. Sociological as well as philosophical perceptions developed in multiple dimension on moral panic that has been used as tools of context analysis. Finally, this paper concludes the politicians, cultural elites and some pressure groups that seek contentment of their hidden political agendas shown as vital actors as moral engineers and moral entrepreneurs responsible for mass panicking. So-called mass media and uncensored social media users knowingly or unknowingly has carried out the needs of those groups
Page(s): 563-574 Date of Publication: 09 December 2021
A. Sarath Ananda
Department of Social Science, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka
[1] Amenta, Edwin; Neal Caren; Elizabeth Chiarello (2010) Political Consequence of Social Movements, Annual Review of Sociology, www.annualreview.soc (Online Open Access, Last View: 15th Feb. 2020)
[2] Bandarage, Asoka (2013), Political Economy of Epidemic Kidney Disease in Sri Lanka, Sage Open (November, 2013), https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244013511827 (Online Open Access, Last View: 15th Feb. 2020)
[3] Bandaranaike, A.D. & Nicolle, S. 2020. Information Disorder and Mainstream Media in Sri Lanka: A Case Study, Social Media, Disinformation and Democracy in Asia: Country Cases, Seoul, Asia Democracy Research Network: pp. 267-292.
[4] Bide, Yalena Margatete (2015) Social Movements and Process of Political Change: The Political Outcome of the Chilean Student Movement; 2011-2015, Brown University Providence RI, the Watson Institute for International Studies.
[5] Bhuiyan, Md Kamruzzaman (2019) The Bloody Easter Sunday Terrorist Attack in Sri Lanka: What Went Wrong?, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol. 24, Issue 9, Series 8 (September, 2019), 35-40.
[6] Cohen, Stanley (2002). Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Modes and Rockers. London and New-York, Rutledge.
[7] Cooray, Titus; Yuansong Wei 1,2,3,* , Hui Zhong 1,2, Libing Zheng; Sujithra K. Weragoda and Rohan Weerasooriya (2019), Assessment of Groundwater Quality in CKDu Affected Areas of Sri Lanka: Implications for Drinking Water Treatment, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019, 16, 1698; doi:10.3390/ijerph16101698 (Access: 12.1.62019)
[8] Critch, Chas (2018). Moral Panic Analysis: Sociology Compass, Vol. 2, Issue 4, July 2008 (Ed. Rebecca Kissane and ulie Kmec), ISSN 1751-9020.
[9] Dalton, Russel J. and Hans-Dieter K. (2013) Overview of Political Behaviour: Political Behaviour and Citizen’s Politics, The Oxford Handbook of Political Science, (Ed. Robert E. Goodin), Online Open Access, (Last View: 13th Feb. 2020).
[10] De Silva, A.M.W; Albert, Steven M.; Jayasekar, J.M.K.B. (2017). Structural violence and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka, Social Science & Medicine, Volume 178, April 2017, Pages 184-195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.016
[11] Dissanayaka, Suneetha & Silva, Gihani De (2017). Sabaragamuwa University Sinhala Shasthiya Samgrahaya, Vol. 10, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
[12] Faundes, J.M.M. 2019. The geopolitics of moral panic: The influence of Argentinian neo-conservatism in the genesis of the discourse of ‘gender ideology’, International Sociology. 2019;34(4):402-417. doi:10.1177/0268580919856488
[13] Goode, Erich & Ben-Yahuda, Nachman (1994) Moral Panic, Culture, Politics and Social Construction, Annual Review of Sociology, No. 20, 149-171.
[14] Hill, Michael (2001). Elite Sponsored Moral Panic: A Singapore Perspective, CAS Research Paper Series, No. 33, National University of Singapore, Centre for Advanced Studies.
[15] Hill, Michael (Undated). Conversion and Subversion: Religion and the Management of Moral Panics in Singapore, Working Paper 8, Asia Studies Institute, Victoria University of Wellington.
[16] Holland, Jennet; Cardin, Ramasanoglu; Sue, Scott (1990). AIDS: From Panic Station to Power Relations Sociological Perspective and Problems, Sociology Vol. 25, No. 3, 1990, SAGE.
[17] Jayalal, Ananda T.B, (2015). Chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology: adding vital piece of information to the national project team report of Sri Lanka, BMC Nephrology, 16, 216 (December), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-015-0211-5 (Access: 12.1.62019)
[18] Jayasekara, J.M.K.B.; Menike, D. Dammika; Adhikari, Badri (2013), Geographical distribution of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin in North Central Region of Sri Lanka, Ceylon Medical Journal (March 2013), 58(1):6-10, DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v58i1.5356 (Access: 19.10.2018)
[19] Marambe, Buddhi (2019). Banning of herbicides and the impact on agriculture: the case of glyphosate in Sri Lanka, Weed Science , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , May 2020 , pp. 246 – 252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.71 (Access: 19.10.2020)
[20] Mendley, Susan R.; Adeera Levin; Ricardo Correa-Rotter; Madeleine K. Scammell; Robert O. Wright; Robert A. Star, (2019). Kidney International, VOLUME 96, ISSUE 5, P1071-1076, (August 2019), DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2019.06.024, (Access: 22.01.2020)
[21] Obeyesekere, Gananath (1977) Psycho-cultural Exegesis of a Case of Spirit Possession in Sri Lanka. In Case Studies in Spirit Possession. V. Crapanzano and V. Garrison, ed. pp. 235-294. New York: J. Wiley.
[22] Rajapakse, Senaka; Chrishan, Mitrakrishnan; Shivanthan, and Selvarajah, Mathu (2017). Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka, International Journal of Occupational Health, 2016 Jul; 22(3): 259–264: doi: 10.1080/10773525.2016.1203097 (Access: 22.10.2020)
[23] Rameez, Abubaker (2018) Resurgence of ethno-Religious Sentiments Against Muslims in Sri Lanka: Recent Anti-Muslim violence in Ampara nd Kandy, Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 11, No. 4, 2018.
[24] Rocheron, Yvette and Linne, Olga (1989). European Journal of Communication, Vol. 4, Issue 4, Dec. 1989, SAGE.
[25] Silva, K.T. 2019. Religious Diversity and Interreligious Contestations in Sri Lanka: The Encounter between Buddhism and Islam in the Galebandara Cult in Kurunagala eligious diversity in Asia, Religious Diversity in Asia (Ed. Borup, J. et al.), Leiden/Boston, Brill, pp. 243-267.
[26] Silva, K.T. 2020. Stigma and Moral Panic about COVID-19 in Sri Lanka, Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (JHS), Volume 03, Issue 02, University of Peradeniya, PGIHS.
[27] Ugwuoke, C.O., Ngwu, E.C. & Iziga, P.N. 2016. Terrorism and Moral Panic in Nigeria, Review of European Studies; Vol. 8, No. 3; 2016 ISSN 1918-7173 E-ISSN 1918-7181 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education.
[28] Waxler, Nancy E. (1976) Social change and psychiatric illness in Ceylon: An investigation of traditional and modern conceptions of disease and treatment. In Culture Bound Syndromes, Ethnopsychiatry and Alternative Therapies. W. Lebra, ed. Honolulu: pp. 22-240.University of Hawaii Press.
[29] Waxler, Nancy E. (1977). Is Mental Illness Cured in Traditional Societies? A Theoretical Analysis, Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, No. 1, pp. 233- Amenta, Edwin; Neal Caren; Elizabeth Chiarello (2010) Political Consequence of Social Movements, Annual Review of Sociology, www.annualreview.soc (Online Open Access, Last View: 15th Feb. 2020)
[30] Bandarage, Asoka (2013), Political Economy of Epidemic Kidney Disease in Sri Lanka, Sage Open (November, 2013), https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244013511827 (Online Open Access, Last View: 15th Feb. 2020)
[31] Bandaranaike, A.D. & Nicolle, S. 2020. Information Disorder and Mainstream Media in Sri Lanka: A Case Study, Social Media, Disinformation and Democracy in Asia: Country Cases, Seoul, Asia Democracy Research Network: pp. 267-292.
[32] Bide, Yalena Margatete (2015) Social Movements and Process of Political Change: The Political Outcome of the Chilean Student Movement; 2011-2015, Brown University Providence RI, the Watson Institute for International Studies.
[33] Bhuiyan, Md Kamruzzaman (2019) The Bloody Easter Sunday Terrorist Attack in Sri Lanka: What Went Wrong?, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol. 24, Issue 9, Series 8 (September, 2019), 35-40.
[34] Cohen, Stanley (2002). Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Modes and Rockers. London and New-York, Rutledge.
[35] Cooray, Titus; Yuansong Wei 1,2,3,* , Hui Zhong 1,2, Libing Zheng; Sujithra K. Weragoda and Rohan Weerasooriya (2019), Assessment of Groundwater Quality in CKDu Affected Areas of Sri Lanka: Implications for Drinking Water Treatment, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019, 16, 1698; doi:10.3390/ijerph16101698 (Access: 12.1.62019)
[36] Critch, Chas (2018). Moral Panic Analysis: Sociology Compass, Vol. 2, Issue 4, July 2008 (Ed. Rebecca Kissane and ulie Kmec), ISSN 1751-9020.
[37] Dalton, Russel J. and Hans-Dieter K. (2013) Overview of Political Behaviour: Political Behaviour and Citizen’s Politics, The Oxford Handbook of Political Science, (Ed. Robert E. Goodin), Online Open Access, (Last View: 13th Feb. 2020).
[38] De Silva, A.M.W; Albert, Steven M.; Jayasekar, J.M.K.B. (2017). Structural violence and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka, Social Science & Medicine, Volume 178, April 2017, Pages 184-195, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.016
[39] Dissanayaka, Suneetha & Silva, Gihani De (2017). Sabaragamuwa University Sinhala Shasthiya Samgrahaya, Vol. 10, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka
[40] Faundes, J.M.M. 2019. The geopolitics of moral panic: The influence of Argentinian neo-conservatism in the genesis of the discourse of ‘gender ideology’, International Sociology. 2019;34(4):402-417. doi:10.1177/0268580919856488
[41] Goode, Erich & Ben-Yahuda, Nachman (1994) Moral Panic, Culture, Politics and Social Construction, Annual Review of Sociology, No. 20, 149-171.
[42] Hill, Michael (2001). Elite Sponsored Moral Panic: A Singapore Perspective, CAS Research Paper Series, No. 33, National University of Singapore, Centre for Advanced Studies.
[43] Hill, Michael (Undated). Conversion and Subversion: Religion and the Management of Moral Panics in Singapore, Working Paper 8, Asia Studies Institute, Victoria University of Wellington.
[44] Holland, Jennet; Cardin, Ramasanoglu; Sue, Scott (1990). AIDS: From Panic Station to Power Relations Sociological Perspective and Problems, Sociology Vol. 25, No. 3, 1990, SAGE.
[45] Jayalal, Ananda T.B, (2015). Chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology: adding vital piece of information to the national project team report of Sri Lanka, BMC Nephrology, 16, 216 (December), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-015-0211-5 (Access: 12.1.62019)
[46] Jayasekara, J.M.K.B.; Menike, D. Dammika; Adhikari, Badri (2013), Geographical distribution of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin in North Central Region of Sri Lanka, Ceylon Medical Journal (March 2013), 58(1):6-10, DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v58i1.5356 (Access: 19.10.2018)
[47] Marambe, Buddhi (2019). Banning of herbicides and the impact on agriculture: the case of glyphosate in Sri Lanka, Weed Science , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , May 2020 , pp. 246 – 252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2019.71 (Access: 19.10.2020)
[48] Mendley, Susan R.; Adeera Levin; Ricardo Correa-Rotter; Madeleine K. Scammell; Robert O. Wright; Robert A. Star, (2019). Kidney International, VOLUME 96, ISSUE 5, P1071-1076, (August 2019), DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2019.06.024, (Access: 22.01.2020)
[49] Obeyesekere, Gananath (1977) Psycho-cultural Exegesis of a Case of Spirit Possession in Sri Lanka. In Case Studies in Spirit Possession. V. Crapanzano and V. Garrison, ed. pp. 235-294. New York: J. Wiley.
[50] Rajapakse, Senaka; Chrishan, Mitrakrishnan; Shivanthan, and Selvarajah, Mathu (2017). Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Sri Lanka, International Journal of Occupational Health, 2016 Jul; 22(3): 259–264: doi: 10.1080/10773525.2016.1203097 (Access: 22.10.2020)
[51] Rameez, Abubaker (2018) Resurgence of ethno-Religious Sentiments Against Muslims in Sri Lanka: Recent Anti-Muslim violence in Ampara nd Kandy, Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 11, No. 4, 2018.
[52] Rocheron, Yvette and Linne, Olga (1989). European Journal of Communication, Vol. 4, Issue 4, Dec. 1989, SAGE.
[53] Silva, K.T. 2019. Religious Diversity and Interreligious Contestations in Sri Lanka: The Encounter between Buddhism and Islam in the Galebandara Cult in Kurunagala eligious diversity in Asia, Religious Diversity in Asia (Ed. Borup, J. et al.), Leiden/Boston, Brill, pp. 243-267.
[54] Silva, K.T. 2020. Stigma and Moral Panic about COVID-19 in Sri Lanka, Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (JHS), Volume 03, Issue 02, University of Peradeniya, PGIHS.
[55] Ugwuoke, C.O., Ngwu, E.C. & Iziga, P.N. 2016. Terrorism and Moral Panic in Nigeria, Review of European Studies; Vol. 8, No. 3; 2016 ISSN 1918-7173 E-ISSN 1918-7181 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education.
[56] Waxler, Nancy E. (1976) Social change and psychiatric illness in Ceylon: An investigation of traditional and modern conceptions of disease and treatment. In Culture Bound Syndromes, Ethnopsychiatry and Alternative Therapies. W. Lebra, ed. Honolulu: pp. 22-240.University of Hawaii Press.
[57] Waxler, Nancy E. (1977). Is Mental Illness Cured in Traditional Societies? A Theoretical Analysis, Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, No. 1, pp. 233253
A. Sarath Ananda, “The politics of moral panic: Anthropology of mass-panicking processes of contemporary Sri Lanka” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.563-574 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51130
Download PDF
Early Menstrual Characteristics in a Group of Sri Lankan Women with Endometriosis in the Western Province of Sri Lanka
Professor Ramya P. Pathiraja, Madura A. Jayawardena, Professor Dhammike De Silva, Ajith Fernando, Madhuka Rajakaruna, Madushan Weerasinghe- November 2021- Page No.: 575-578
I. INTRODUCTION
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of active endometrial mucosa; which can be either glands or stroma, abnormally implanted in locations other than the uterine cavity. 1
Endometriosis is a common, poorly understood and extremely debilitating benign gynaecological condition which affect both physically and psychologically. Despite extensive research, the aetiology of endometriosis remains elusive. Several theories exist that attempt to explain this disease, but none have been entirely proven. But these ectopic foci respond to cyclical hormonal fluctuations in much the same way as intrauterine endometrium, with proliferation, secretory activity, and cyclical sloughing of menstrual material leading to an altered inflammatory response characterized by neovascularization and fibrosis.
Endometriosis is classified under 4 stages depending on location, extent, and depth the implants, presence of adhesions and presence of ovarian endometriosis. However the severity or stage doesn’t correlate with the symptoms of endometriosis.2
Page(s): 575-578 Date of Publication: 10 December 2021
Professor Ramya P. Pathiraja
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Madura A. Jayawardena
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Professor Dhammike De Silva
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Ajith Fernando
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Madhuka Rajakaruna
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
Madushan Weerasinghe
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka
[1] HartR. Unexplained infertility, endometriosis and fibroids. BMJ 2003; 327: 721-4.
[2] Fact sheet and Booklet, Reproductivefacts.org
[3] Treloar SA, Bell TA, Nagle CM, Purdie DM, Green Early menstrual characteristics associated with subsequent diagnosis of endometriosis, AC Am J Obstet Gynecol. (2010) Jun;202(6):534.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.10.857
[4] Matalliotakis IM, Cakmak H, Fragouli YG, Goumenou AG, Mahutte NG, Arici A , Epidemiological characteristics in women with and without endometriosis in the Yale series, Arch Gynecol Obstet. (2008)May;277(5):389-93
[5] Kelechi E. Nnoaham, Premila Webster, Jharna Kumbang,Stephen H. Kennedy, Krina TZondervan, Is early age at menarche a risk factor for endometriosis, Fertil Steril. (2012) September; 98(3): 702–712.e6
[6] Arumugam K, Lim JM, Menstrual characteristics associated with endometriosis, Br. J. Obstet Gynaecol. (1997) Aug;104(8):948-50
[7] Vercellini P, De Giorgi O, Aimi G, Panazza S, Uglietti A, Crosignani PG, Menstrual characteristics in women with and without endometriosis, Obstet Gynecol. (1997) Aug;90(2):264-8
[8] Fabio Parazzini, Monica Ferraroni, Luigi Fedele, Luca Bocciolone, Sabrina Rubessa,Aldo Riccardi, Pelvic endometriosis: reproductive andmenstrual risk factors at different stages in Lombardy, northern Italy, Institute of Pharmacological Research, “Mario Negri”, via Eritrea 62, 20157 Milan, Italy
[9] Darrow SL, Vena JE, Batt RE, Zielezny MA, Michalek AM, Selman S, Menstrual cycle characteristics and the risk of endometriosis, Epidemiology. (1993) Mar;4(2):135-42
[10] Missmer SA, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Barbieri RL, Malspeis S, Willett WC, Hunter DJ, Reproductive history and endometriosis among premenopausal women, Obstet Gynecol. (2004) Nov;104(5 Pt 1):965-74
[11] Cramer DW, Wilson E, Stillman RJ, Berger MJ, Belisle S, Schiff I, Albrecht B, Gibson M, Stadel BV, Schoenbaum SC, The relation of endometriosis to menstrual characteristics, smoking, and exercise, JAMA. (1986) Apr 11;255(14):1904-8
[12] Moini, A., Malekzadeh, F., Amirchaghmaghi, E., Kashfi, F., Akhoond, M.R., Saei, M. and Mirbolok, M.H., 2013. Risk factors associated with endometriosis among infertile Iranian women. Archives of medical science: AMS, 9(3), p.506.
[13] Eskenazi B, Warner ML. Epidemiology of endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1997; 24: 235-58.
[14] Calhaz-Jorge C, Mol BW, Nunes J, Costa AP. Clinical predictive factors for endometriosis in a Portuguese infertile population. Hum Reprod 2004; 19: 2126-31.
[15] Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio dell’ endometriosi .Risk factors for pelvic endometriosis in women with pelvic pain or infertility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1999; 83: 195-9.
[16] Hemmings R, Rivard M, Olive DL, et al. Evaluation of risk factors associated with endometriosis. Fertil Steril 2004; 81: 1513-21.
[17] Mamdouh HM, Mortada MM, Kharboush IF, Abd-Ela – teef HA. Epidemiologic determinants of endometriosis among Egyptian women: a hospital-based case-control study. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2011; 86: 21-6.
[18] Parazzini F, Di Cintio E, Chatenoud L, Moroni S, Mezza – notte C, Crosignani PG. Oral contraceptive use and risk of endometriosis. Italian Endometriosis Study Group. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1999; 106: 695-9.
[19] Holoch KJ, Lessey B. Endometriosis and infertility. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2010; 53(2): 429-438.
[20] Fauconnier A, Chapron C. Endometriosis and pelvic pain: epidemiological evidence of the relationship and implications. Hum Reprod Update 2005; 11: 595-606.
[21] Małgorzata S, Tkaczuk-Włach J, Jakiel G. Endometriosis and pain. Prz Menopauzalny 2012; 16: 60-4.
[22] Salehpour S, Zhaam H, Hakimifard M, Khalili L, Azar Gashb Y. Evaluation of diagnostic visual findings at laparoscopy in endometriosis. Iran J Fertil Steril 2007; 1:123-6.
[23] Kashima K, Ishimaru T, Okamura H, et al. Familial risk among Japanese patients with endometriosis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2004; 84: 61-4.
[24] Cramer DW, Missmer SA. The epidemiology of endometriosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002; 955: 11-22.
Professor Ramya P. Pathiraja, Madura A. Jayawardena, Professor Dhammike De Silva, Ajith Fernando, Madhuka Rajakaruna, Madushan Weerasinghe, “Early Menstrual Characteristics in a Group of Sri Lankan Women with Endometriosis in the Western Province of Sri Lanka” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.575-578 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/575-578.pdf
Download PDF
An exploration of the Performance Lag Address Programme (PLAP) in addressing Literacy in primary schools: the case of Tsholotsho District in Zimbabwe
Nhlanhla Sibanda, Bhekinkosi Ndlovu – November 2021- Page No.: 579-585
The standard of education in Matabeleland North has deteriorated to the extent that the province has over the years recorded the lowest pass rate at Grade Seven level in the country. Owing to the persistent high failure rate, the Ministry of Education, Sport, Arts and Culture introduced the Performance Lag Address Programme (PLAP). It is in this guise that this study focussed on the challenges and opportunities of the performance Lag Address Programme introduced to address suppressed literacy levels and high failure rate in primary schools. The study used a qualitative approach taking into cognisance the versatility of this approach in generation of appropriate descriptive information on the phenomenon under study. A case study design was chosen focussing mainly on Tsholotsho District in Matabeleland North Province. Purposive sampling and convenient sampling techniques were used to identify the teachers and Ministry of Education Officials to discuss PLAP programme implementation. The findings of the study revealed that scepticism by the teachers regarding the thrust and feasibility of the programme hindered its effective implementation. The study recommended that teachers should be equipped sufficiently to be effective in PLAP implementation. Furthermore, there is need for capital injection, expanse resource mobilisation and a multi-stakeholder approach to propel the programme to success.
Page(s): 579-585 Date of Publication: 10 December 2021
Nhlanhla Sibanda
Department of Languages and Literature, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe
Bhekinkosi Ndlovu
Schools Psychological Services, Matabeleland North Province, Zimbabwe
[1] Ausubel, D.P. (2000). The Acquisition and Retention of Knowledge: A Cognitive View: Springer
[2] Anderson, J.R. ( 1995). Cognitive Psychology and its Implications, Fourth Edition: New York. W.H.Freeman & Company
[3] Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology”. Qualitative Research in Psychology 3 (2):83. Doi 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
[4] Chakanyuka, S., Chung, F.K., & Stevenson, T. (2009). The Rapid Assessment of Primary and Secondary Schools: National Advisory Board. Harare
[5] Chiteko, B. (2013). “Zimbabwe’s Forgotten Generation” Online:www.thinkafricapress.com/zimbabwe/education-crisis-leaves-teachers-and-pupils-underequipped Accessed: 08/09/2014
[6] McLaughlin, M. & Talbert, J. (1993). Contexts the matter for teaching and Learning: Strategic opportunities for meeting the nation’s educational goals
[7] Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education (2014). ED 46, Tsholotsho District Statistical Schedule. Annual Report. Matabeleland North Province
[8] Mpofu, S. (2013). “Bold Future for School Drop-outs” The Herald, August 26, Online: www.herald.co.zw/bold-future-for-school-drop-outs/ Accessed: 08/09/2014
[9] Nkoma, E. (2014). “Performance Lag Address Programme (PLAP): Teachers’ perceptions and pedagogical approaches in Mutare urban P2 (former group B) Primary Schools” Journal of Business Management& Social Sciences Research, 3(2), 31-42
[10] Phiri, L. (2013). “Low Reading culture threatens country’s literacy rate: Minister” The Chronicle, May 16, Online: www.davidcoltart.com/2013/05/low-reading-culture-threatens-countrys-literacy-rate-minister/Accessed: 0/07/2014
[11] Schoenfed, A. (1999). Looking towards the 21st Century: Challenges of Educational theory and Practice, Educational Researcher, 28(7), 4-14
[12] Shumba,P.(2013).“Programme to address learning anomalies launched in Bulawayo” The Chronicle ,7 June, Online: www.davidcoltart.com/2013/06/programme-to-address-learning-anomalies-launched-in-bulawayo/ Accessed: 08/08/2014
[13] UNICEF (2011) Annual Report 2011 for Zimbabwe, UNICEF
[14] Wilkinson, G.S., & Robertson, G.J. (2006). Wide Range Achievement Test Professional Manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources “Zimbabwe’s economy during the life of the coalition government: Economy/Investment/Industry” The Zimbabwe Mail, Online: www.solutions4africa.com/country-info/zimbabwe/114-zimbabwe?showall=1&limitstart Accessed: 20/07/2014
Nhlanhla Sibanda, Bhekinkosi Ndlovu, “An exploration of the Performance Lag Address Programme (PLAP) in addressing Literacy in primary schools: the case of Tsholotsho District in Zimbabwe” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.579-585 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/579-585.pdf
Download PDF
A Criminological Study on the problems faced by the women prisoners Convicted for drug offences in Sri Lanka
Prof. M.W. Jayasundara – November 2021- Page No.: 586-592
Sri Lanka has a long history of drug use, mainly cannabis and opium. Both compounds have also been used as a pharmaceutical preparation in herbal medicine. Most researchers agree that the problem of drug abuse began to increase in the 1970s. According to Gunatilake, accurate estimation was impossible as no scientific survey had been carried out during this period. According to a survey made during the period 1975-1981, there were only 3200 known drug dependents and most of them were opium and cannabis users in this country. Heroin suddenly shot into prominence in the late seventies and early eighties. There were very few heroin users in the 1980s. In 1981 the police were able to seize 0.277 kilograms of heroin. In many instances, heroin was smuggled from India and Pakistan. In 2017, more than one thousand kilograms were seized from individuals and among them 4% were females. The use of heroin in the country has increased rapidly and thousands of drug users both males and females had emerged by 2017. It was estimated that 10,432 males and 157 females were imprisoned for narcotic drug offences in 2017. Drug abuse among females in Sri Lanka is on the increase. Female drug users are likely to be more stigmatized than their male counterparts and they are regarded as double deviants. Drug habits among Sri Lankan females have increased faster than those of men. Compared to the drug abuse of men, women’s drug abuse could bring more negative consequences to the health, families, and society at large. In Sri Lanka, female drug offenders are imprisoned to rehabilitate them but many such females return to prison upon their release after being reconvicted for drug offences. Therefore, this study is aimed at finding the problems faced by the women prisoners whose rehabilitation process has been hindered during their stay at the prison and also upon their release. This study was carried out concerning the women prisoners imprisoned in Welikada women’s prison in 2018 and 30 inmates were selected from a systematic sample. In addition, 10 prison officers both male and female were selected as respondents. Interviews, case studies, and observation methods were utilized for data collection. The findings of the study revealed that societal factors, shortcomings of the rehabilitation programs, poverty, unhealthy home environment, and mental confusion have affected negatively in the process of women prisoners in their social integration and rehabilitation.
Page(s): 586-592 Date of Publication: 10 December 2021
Prof. M.W. Jayasundara
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
[1] Adler, F.; Muller, G.O.W.; Laufer, W.S. (1995) Criminology. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc.
[2] Crome, P. (1991) What about the Elderly? The International Handbook of Addiction Behavior: Illana Belle Glass, 1st edition, Tavistock: Routledge.
[3] Deshpande, A. Transition from traditional opium use to Heroin use – India and Its neighbor-hood, South Asia Drug Demand Reduction Report: UNDCP Regional Report for South Asia-New Delhi, 1983, 53-5
[4] Jayasuria, D.C. (1986) Narcotics and Drugs in Sri Lanka-Socio Legal Dimensions: 2nd edition, Asian Pathfinder Publications, 3-210
[5] JoCoupe (1991) Why Women Need Their Service? The International Handbook of Addiction Behavior: Illana Belle Glass, 1st edition, Tavistock: Routledge.
[6] Kandiah, P.R. (2007) Trends of Drug Abuse in Sri Lanka: A Collection of Research Papers and Research Abstracts on Drug Abuse in Sri Lanka. NDDCB
[7] Marshal, A.H. (1994) Oxford Dictionary of Sociology. New York: Oxford University Press.
[8] Radhakrisnan, S. and Moore, C.A. (1957) A Source Book in Indian Philosophy Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
[9] Senanayake, B. (2007) Women, Drug and Commercial Sex: A collection of Research papers and Research Abstracts on Drug Abuse in Sri Lanka. NDDCB
[10] World Health Organization (2000) Women of South East Asia – A Health Profile. WHO: Regional Office for Soth-East Asia www:police.lk Police Narcotic Bureau in Sri Lanka.
Prof. M.W. Jayasundara “A Criminological Study on the problems faced by the women prisoners Convicted for drug offences in Sri Lanka” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.586-592 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/586-592.pdf
Download PDF
Grammar Profiling: Realignment of CEFR Teaching Materials and Assessments
Fazillah Sulaiman, Surinder Kaur Satwant Singh- November 2021- Page No.: 593-597
This study investigates the effectiveness and the role of grammar profiling in the realignment of teaching and assessment of grammar as an explicitly taught subject based on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages or CEFR. This study utilised a quantitative analysis involving fifty students from the Basic Grammar and Vocabulary (LLE 3012) class at the National Defence University of Malaysia (NDUM). The students were assessed on their grammar knowledge and communication skills. The students took the track test at the beginning of the semester to evaluate their grammar knowledge, whereby their results were recorded. The results were later categorisedto six levels namely A1 (Beginner), A2 (Elementary), B1 (Pre-intermediate), B2 (Intermediate), C1 (Upper-intermediate) and C2 (Advanced). Then, the teaching and learning process took place for fourteen weeks using the grammar profiling syllabus. At the end of the fourteenth week, the students retook the track test. As for their communication skills, the studentsrecorded a presentation about themselves at the beginning and at the end of the semester. The presentations were evaluated using the CEFR Self-Assessment Grid (Spoken Production). The data were analysed using the paired sample t-test and it was found that for both assessments the mean value for the pretest was lower compared to the value obtained from the posttest. This indicates that the teaching and learning process using the grammar profiling syllabus was considered a success in terms of guiding instructors to align their assessment strategies and knowledge according to the newly aligned CEFR proposed benchmarked descriptors.
Page(s): 593-597 Date of Publication: 10 December 2021
Fazillah Sulaiman
Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Language Centre, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Surinder Kaur Satwant Singh
Language Centre, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, MALAYSIA
[1] Anis Firdatul Rochma, SutrisnaWibama & Basikin (2020). “The classroom management approach in the grammar practice class”, Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics, 5 (1), pp 91-104.
[2] Bucar, C. S., Ryu. H., Skof, N. M. &Sangawa, K.H. (2014). “The CEFR and teaching Japanese as a foreign language, Linguistica, 54(1), pp 455-469.
[3] Celce-Murcia, M. (2002). Why it makes sense to teach grammar in context and through discourse. In E. Hinkel& S. Fotos (eds.), New Perspectives on Grammar Teaching in Second Language Classrooms (pp. 119– 134). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
[4] Celik, S. (2013). “Plurilingualism, pluriculturalism, and the CEFR: Are Turkey’s foreign language objectives reflected in classroom instruction”, Social and Behavioral Sciences Journal. 70(25), pp 1872- 1879.
[5] Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment Language Policy Unit, Strasbourg. Available: www.Coe.Int/Lang-Cefr
[6] Ellis, R. (1992). Second Language Acquisition and Language Pedagogy.Clevedon: Multilingual matters Ltd.
[7] HazitaAzman. (2016). “Implementation and challenges of English language education reform in Malaysian primary schools. 3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies. 22(3), pp 65-78.
[8] Jalali, S., &Dousti, M. (2012). “Vocabulary and grammar gain through computer educational games”, GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies,pp 1077–1088.
[9] Lo, Y. Y. (2018). “English teachers’ concern on Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR): An application of CBAM”, JurnalKurikulumdanPengajaran Asia Pasifik, 6(1). Pp 46 -58.
[10] Maxwell, D. (2015). Thai schools adopt European framework to boost English language proficiency. Asian Correspondent Online: Education Section. Available: https://asiancorrespondent.com/2015/04/thai-schools-adopt-european-framework-to-boost-englishlanguage-proficiency
[11] Nguyen, V.H. & Hamid, M.O. (2015). “Educational policy borrowing in a globalised world: A case study of Common European Framework of Reference for Languages in a Vietnamese university”, Journal of English Teaching, Practice & Critique, 14(1), pp 60-74.
[12] RamiaidaDarmi, Noor Saazai Mat Saad, Norhana Abdullah, FarizaPutehBehak, ZarinaAshikinZakaria& Juliana Niza Ismail Adnan. (2017). Teachers’ views on students’ performance in English language proficiency courses via CEFR descriptors. IJAEDU- International E-Journal of Advances in Education, 3(8), pp 363-370.
[13] Richards, J.C. and Rodgers, T. 1986. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching: A Description and Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
[14] Richards, J. C. (2006). Communicative Language Teaching Today. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
[15] Spada, N. (1997). Form-focused instruction and second language acquisition: A review of classroom and laboratory research, Language Teaching, 30(2), pp 73-87.
[16] Wu, J. R.W & Wu, R.Y.F. (2012). “GEPT and English language teaching and testing in Taiwan”, Language Assessment Quarterly. 9(1), pp 11-25.
[17] Yule, G. (2010). The Study of Language. UK: Cambridge University Press.
[18] Zari Saeedi&AsoBiri (2016). “The application of technology in teaching grammar to EFL learners: The role of animated sitcoms”, Teaching English with Technology, 16(2), pp 18-39.
[19] ZuraidahMohd Don. (2015). English language proficiency, graduate employability and the role of CEFR. ASEAN Seminar 2015 on “Best Practices in English Teaching in ASEAN Universities”. UM repository.
Fazillah Sulaiman, Surinder Kaur Satwant Singh, “Grammar Profiling: Realignment of CEFR Teaching Materials and Assessments” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.593-597 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/593-597.pdf
Download PDF
Leadership Styles and Employee Motivation among Non-Academic Staff in SMS College, ABUAD
Kelvin N. Agbakwuru, Babatunde T. Fanisi – November 2021- Page No.: 598-602
This research seeks to empirically investigate the effect of leadership styles on employee motivation among non-academic staff in the College of Social Management Sciences in Afe Babalola University (ABUAD). Its specific objectives are to determine the relationship between: (i) transformational leadership style and employee motivation and; (ii) transactional leadership style and employee motivation. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design and data was collected using a close-ended questionnaire. Census sampling technique was adopted while simple linear regression and Karl Pearson’s correlation methods were used. Findings show that leadership styles have an insignificant effect on employee motivation. It also shows that a strong positive relationship exists between transformational leadership style and employee motivation and a weak positive relationship exists between transactional leadership style and employee motivation. The implication of this is that superiors in the College should adopt more of the transformational leadership style.
Page(s): 598-602 Date of Publication: 10 December 2021
Kelvin N. Agbakwuru
PhD Student, Human Resource Management, Afe-Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Babatunde T. Fanisi
PhD Student, Human Resource Management, Afe-Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
[1] Alghazo, A.M., & Al-nazi, M. (2016). The impact of leadership style on employees’ motivation. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 2(5), 37-44.
[2] Antonakis, J., Avolio, B.J., & Sivasubramaniamc, N. (2003). Context and leadership: An examination of the nine-factor-full-range leadership theory using the multifactor leadership questionnaire. The Leadership Quarterly, 14, 261-295.
[3] Avolio, B. J., Waldman, D., & Yammarino, F. J. (1991). Leading in the 1990s: The four I’s of transformational leadership. Journal of European Industrial Training, 15(4), 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090599110143366
[4] Berman, E. M., Bowman, J. S., West, J. P., & Wart, M. R. V. (2010). Motivation: Possible, probable or impossible? Human Resource Management in Public Service: Paradoxes, Processes and Problems. California: SAGE.
[5] Burns, J.M. (2010). Leadership. New York City, NY: Harp Perennial.
[6] Deveshwar, A., & Aneja, I. (2014). A study of transnational and transformational leadership styles and factors affecting the leadership style. International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 1(8), 176-185.
[7] Faisal, N.A., Husam, A., Faiz, S., & Dia, Z. (2017). The impact of employee motivation on organizational commitment. European Journal of Business and Management, 9(15), 134-145.
[8] George, L., & Sabapathy, T. (2011). Work motivation of teachers: Relationship with organizational commitment. Canadian Social Science, 7(1), 90-99.
[9] Howell, J.M., & Avolio, B.J. (1993). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, locus of control, and support for innovations: Key predictors of consolidated-business-unit performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(6), 891– 903.
[10] Jago, A.G. (1982). Leadership: Perspectives in theory and research. Management Science, 28(3), 315–336.
[11] Jain, A., Gupta, B., & Bindal, M. (2019).A study of employee motivation in organization. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 9(6), 65-67.
[12] Kemal, M.S. (2015). Understanding leadership and factors that influence leaders’ effectiveness. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(33), 154-167.
[13] Korejan, M.M., & Shahbazi, H. (2016). An analysis of the transformational leadership theory. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 8(3), 452-461.
[14] Mengesha, A.H. (2015). Impact of leadership approaches on employee motivation: An empirical investigation in Haramaya University. AshEse Journal of Business Management, 1(3), 28-38.
[15] Mohsan, F., Nawaz, M.M., Khan, S.M., Shaukat, Z., & Aslam, N. (2004). Are employee motivation, commitment and job involvement inter-related: Evidence from banking sector of Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(17), 226-233.
[16] Ohunakin, F.A., & Akintayo, I.D. (2016). Transactional leadership style and employee job satisfaction among universities’ guest house in South-West Nigeria. 3rd International Conference on African Development Issues, 368-371.
[17] Robbins, S.P., & Judge, T. (2008).Organisational behaviour (13thed.). London: Pearson College Div.
[18] Sougui, A.O., Bon, A.T., Mahamat, M.A., & Hassan, H.M. (2017).The impact of leadership on employee motivation in Malaysian Telecommunication Sector. Galore International Journal of Applied Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 59-68.
[19] Robbins, S. P. and Judge, T. (2008), Organizational Behavior, 13th edition
Kelvin N. Agbakwuru, Babatunde T. Fanisi, “Leadership Styles and Employee Motivation among Non-Academic Staff in SMS College, ABUAD” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.598-602 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/598-602.pdf
Download PDF
Moderating Effect of Institutional Policy on Institutional Strategies and Performance of Selected MDIs
OTSUPIUS, Anthonia Ighiebemhe (PhD)- November 2021- Page No.: 603-613
This research attempt to address the question, can it be inferred that institution policy has effect on the relationship between institutional strategies and the performance of the selected MDIs in Nigeria? Despite the importance of Institutional Strategies (IS)-(Agility, Flexibility, Alliance, and Planning), as identified strategic options/approaches used by management development institutions (MDIs) to pilot the different setting towards attaining a successful performance. The multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 398 staff. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the relevant MDIs across the entire MDIs in Nigeria.
Data were collected using a validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential (correlation and regression) statistics to determine the moderating effect of institution policy on the relationship between IS and performance of the selected MDIs.
Findings revealed that institution policy had no statistically significant moderating effect on the relationship between IS and performance of the selected MDIs in Nigeria, (Adj.R² = .137, F(4,336)=0.933, p>.05. The study concluded that recognizing the role and importance of MDIs in economic development, it is recommended that government (the office of the head of civil service of the federation) should develop flexible and concise policies as means of institutional support. When policies are understood by the different entities in an institution, there will be an atmosphere of improved performance reason being that everyone will work according to stipulated rules, using their initiative for creative value within the stipulated strategies.
Page(s): 603-613 Date of Publication: 11 December 2021
OTSUPIUS, Anthonia Ighiebemhe (PhD)
Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Arts, Management & Social Sciences, Edo State University Uzairue,
KM7, Auchi-Abuja Expressway, Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria
[1] Administrative Staff College of Nigeria (ASCON), (2009). Annual report.
[2] Administrative Staff College of Nigeria (ASCON), (2010). Annual report.
[3] Aremu, M. A., & Oyinloye, O. O., (201 4). Relationship between strategic management and firms’ performance in Nigerian banking industry. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management review 14(3)
[4] Awais, J. & Asma, I. (2013). Perception of glass ceiling in the educational. institution: An evidence from Pakistan. World Applied Sciences Journal 23 (5), 628-634. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.23.05.717
[5] Bureau of Establishments, Management Services and Training Office of the Head of Service (2011). Human resources development policy, Kaduna State Government.
[6] Chris. M., & Mia. R. (2015). Institutional strategies in emerging markets. The Academy of Management Annals, 9(1), 291–335.
[7] Davood, S. (2011). Alignment of organizational change strategies and its relationship with increasing organizations’ performance. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 20, 1099–1107.
[8] Earlye, J., (2016) Policy structure and administration, Institutional Policy (IP) Palmer College of Chiropractic Davenport, Iowa.
[9] Elliott, G. (2011). Patronage as institutional choice: Evidence from Rwanda and Uganda.¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬
[10] Eniola, A. A., Entebang, H., & Sakariyau, O. B. (2015). Small and medium scale business performance in Nigeria: Challenges faced from an intellectual capital perspective. International Journal of Research Studies in management, 4(1), 59-71
[11] Georg. W., Erkki, L., Gillian, M., & Leif, K. (2007). Improving knowledge transfer between research institutions and industry across Europe: Embracing open innovation .Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 36.
[12] Institute for Government analysis of capability reviews, which are available at: http://www.civilservice.gov.uk/about/improving/capability/index.aspx 22nd February, 2017.
[13] Isaac, (2014). Algorithms and computation: 25th International Symposium, Jeonju,Korea 15 – 17December proceedings.
[14] James, U. M., Akinola, G. O., Ologbenla, P., & Aladeraji, O. K. (2015). Strategic management and firm performance: A study of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 12-32.
[15] Johnson, S. L. (2010). Research and statistics: A question of time, Cross-sectional versus longitudinal study designs. Pediatrics in Review, 31, 250-252.
[16] Jose, V. H., Mohammad, R. N., Irani, F., & Farhad, N. H. A. (2013). What is policy, social policy and social policy changing?. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(10), 287-291.
[17] Leviten-Reid, E. (2004). Reflections on Vibrant Communities. Ottawa: Caledon Institute of Social Policy.
[18] Makhoul, A. (2005). Assured Income for the Severely Handicapped Public Policy Initiative. Ottawa: Caledon Institute of Social Policy.
[19] Makinde, O. G. (2015). Strategic planning and performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos state, Nigeria. Unpublished thesis of Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.d) in Business Administration , Strategic Management in the Department of Business Administration and Marketing, Babcock Business School, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
[20] Micheal, H., Simon, P., & Jill, R. (2011). Policy making in the real world evidence and analysis. Retrieved 22nd February, 2017 from http://www.civilservice.gov.uk/my-civil-service/networks/professional/policy-profession/policy-skills-framework.aspx
[21] Michael, H., Simon, P. & Jill, R. (2011). Policy making in the real world, evidence and analysis. Institute for Government. https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/sites/default/files/publications/Policy%20making%20in%20the%20real%20world.pdf
[22] Muya, J. N., & Wesonga, J. N. (2012). The impact of organisational culture on performance of educational institutions. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(8), 12-25.
[23] Nandakumar, M.K., Abby, G. & Nicholas, O. R. (2010) “Business‐level strategy and performance: The moderating effects of environment and structure”, Management Decision, 48(6), 907-939, https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741011053460
[24] Nwangangi, P.W. (2016). Influence of logistics management on performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. An Unpublished PhD thesis of Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya.
[25] Ojokuku, R. M., & Adegbite, T.A. (2014). The impact of capacity building and manpower development on staff performance in selected organisations in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management United Kingdom, 5(6), 23-38.
[26] Onyema E. O., & Akanbi P.A. (2012). The influence of strategic agility on the perceived performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. International Business and Economic Research Journal, 11(2), 11-23.
[27] Oyedijo, A. (2012). Strategic agility and competitive performance in the Nigerian telecommunication industry: An empirical investigation. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 2(3), 23-47.
[28] Oyedijo, A. (2013). Business Policy and strategic management (2nd ed.). Ikeja: Strategic International Press Ltd.
[29] Policy Based- Management (2011). What is com available on line at: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci537241,00.html
[30] Rahimi, G. R. N., & Mohammad, R. (2011). A glance on policy, social policy making process and its related issues, Res Managerial, May issue (forthcoming).
[31] Richard, F. (2009). Strategic planning and the Nigeria University system innovation project discussion paper. Nigeria University System Innovation Project (NUSIP).
[32] Sherri, T. (2005). What is strategy? The Caledon Institute of Social Policy Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 42-49.
[33] Thomas, B. L. (2010). Institutional strategy at simonfraser library on http://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/25/2/161
[34] Thomas,B. L. (1999). Institutional strategy: Journal of Management, 25(2), 161-188.
[35] Weber, Y. Junni, P., Sarala, R., &Tarba, S. (2015). The role of strategic agility in acquisitions. British Journal of Management, 26(4), 596-616.
[36] West African management development institute (WAMDEVIN), (2016).
[37] Zhao, C., Qian, H., Hefu, L., Robert, M. D., & Liang, L. (2014). Developing organizational agility through IT capability and KM capability: The moderating effects of organizational climate. Management Decision, 51(7), 1442-1461.
OTSUPIUS, Anthonia Ighiebemhe (PhD), “Moderating Effect of Institutional Policy on Institutional Strategies and Performance of Selected MDIs” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.603-613 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51133
Download PDF
Subsidized Fertilizer Utilization and Determinants among Small-scale Maize Farmers in Kakamega County, Kenya
Dennis Kimoso Mulupi, Mose P. B Ph.D, Kenneth Waluse Sibiko Ph.D – November 2021- Page No.: 614-622
Decline in soil fertility due to continuous use of land has been outlined as one of the major challenges facing crop productivity in Africa. However, a number of government-led interventions and strategies have been introduced to raise fertilizer usage including the fertilizer subsidy program for small-scale farmers. This study investigated the determinants and whether, and extent of successful of the government subsidy program among small-scale maize farmers in Kakamega County, Western Kenya. The study employed cross-sectional survey research design using semi-structured questionnaires to obtain data from 300 farmers, who were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data was analyzed by econometrically employing descriptive analysis and a one-limit Tobit regression – controlling for programme selection bias. Results reveal that the average proportion of subsidized fertilizer utilized was59.48% among subsidy program participants. The intensity of subsidized fertilizer utilization by farmers was significantly influenced by the farm size under maize, household size, seed rate, age and education level of the household head, distance to the market and amount of credit borrowed. By the findings showing higher average fertilizer application rate of 85.6 kg per haamong the program participants compared to 74 kg per ha for non-participants, the study recommends expansion of the program to incorporate more farmers by increasing quantities of subsidized fertilizer supplied and consider socio-economic factors of small scale farmers when formulating policies on allocation as they are the main target of the program.
Page(s): 614-622 Date of Publication: 11 December 2021
Dennis Kimoso Mulupi
Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Maseno University, Kenya
Mose P. B Ph.D
Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Maseno University, Kenya
Kenneth Waluse Sibiko Ph.D
Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Maseno University, Kenya
[1] African Development Bank (2016). African Economic Outlook 2016: Special Theme: Sustainable cities and structural transformation. OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/aeo-2016-7-en.
[2] Aiyabei, C. B. (2018). Impact of naaiap subsidy program and effects of other factors on household maize production in Trans-Nzoia(Unpublished PhD Dissertation).
[3] Ajewole, O. C. (2010). Farmer’s response to adoption of commercially available organic fertilizers in Oyo state, Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(18), 2497–2503.
[4] Akuku, B., Derksen, H., & Haaksma, G. (2019). Digital Farming in Kenya.
[5] Alhassan, A., Abdul-Hamid, B. M., & Gazali, I. (2020). Fertilizer subsidy policy and smallholder farmers crop productivity: The case of maize production in North-Eastern Ghana. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 12(2), 18–25.
[6] Allotey, S. f. (2019). Impact of Fertilizer Subsidy Programme on Maize Income in the Northern Region of Ghana. American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research, 6(2), 124–130.
[7] Anago, F. N., Dieudonné, D. G., Emile, A. C., Brice, O. C. T., & Guillaume, A. L. (2020). Inorganic Fertilizer Adoption, Use Intensity and Rainfed Rice Yield in Benin. Open Journal of Soil Science, 10(01), 1.
[8] Ariga, J., Kibaara, B., & Olwande, J. (2008). Trends and Patterns in Fertilizer Use by Smallholder Farmers in Kenya, 1997–2007. Draft paper. Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy and Development, Egerton University.
[9] Ariga, J., & Jayne, T. S. (2011). Fertilizer in Kenya: Factors driving the increase in usage by smallholder farmers. Yes Africa Can: Success Stories from a Dynamic Continent, 269–288.
[10] Asante, B. O., Afarindash, V., & Sarpong, D. B. (2011). Determinants of small scale farmers decision to join farmer based organizations in Ghana. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(10), 2273–2279.
[11] Azumah, S. B., & Zakaria, A. (2019). Fertilizer Subsidy and Rice Productivity in Ghana: A Microeconomic Study. Journal of Agricultural Studies, 7(1), 82.
[12] Banful, A., Nkonya, E., & Oboh, V. (2010). Constraints to Fertilizer Use in Nigeria Insights from Agricultural Extension Service. July, 1–36.
[13] Barasa, A. W., Barasa, J., Odwori, P. O., Malaba, K. K., & Yego, H. (2019). Factors influencing subsidized fertilizer access and use intensity on small holder farmers in trans Nzoia County. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 3(4), 275–279.
[14] Barmao, C., & Tarus, K. (2019). Maize Crisis : A Position Paper on Strategies for Addressing Challenges Facing Maize Farming In Kenya. East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature Abbreviated, 2(3), 149–158.
[15] Birch, I. (2018). Agricultural productivity in Kenya : Barriers and opportunities. K4D Knowledge, Evidence and Learning for Development, 12, 1–19. http://www.fao.org/faostat
[16] Chepkoech, W., Mungai, N. W., Stöber, S., & Lotze-Campen, H. (2020). Understanding adaptive capacity of smallholder African indigenous vegetable farmers to climate change in Kenya. Climate Risk Management, 27(10).
[17] Cragg, J. G. (1971). Some statistical models for limited dependent variables with application to the demand for durable goods. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 829–844.
[18] Debnath, D., & Babu, S. C. (2020). Prospects for sustainable intensification of soybean production in sub-Saharan Africa. 15(4), 365–371.
[19] Diiro, G. M., & Ker, A. P. (2009). The role of gender in fertiliser adoption in Uganda. African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 10(2), 117–130.
[20] Druilhe, Z., & Barreiro-hurlé, J. (2012). Fertilizer subsidies in sub-Saharan Africa. 12.
[21] DTMA. (2015). Maize in Kenya: Chance for Getting Back to Former Glory? A Quarterly Bulletin of the Drought Tolerant Maize for Africa Project, 4(3), 4.
[22] Enete, A. A., & Igbokwe, E. M. (2009). Cassava market participation decisions of producing households in Africa. Tropicultura, 27(3), 129–136.
[23] Etwire, P. M., Dogbe, W., & Nutsugah, S. K. (2013). Institutional credit available to smallholder farmers in the Northern Region of Ghana. International Journal of AgriScience, 3(6), 502–509.
[24] Gignoux, J., Macours, K., Stein, D., & Wright, K. (2021). Agricultural input subsidies, credit constraints and expectations of future transfers: evidence from Haiti.
[25] Hemming, D. J., Chirwa, E. W., Dorward, A., Ruffhead, H. J., Hill, R., Osborn, J., Langer, L., Harman, L., Asaoka, H., Coffey, C., & Phillips, D. (2018). Agricultural input subsidies for improving productivity, farm income, consumer welfare and wider growth in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries: a systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 14(1), 1–153. https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2018.4
[26] Hijbeek, R., van Loon, M. P., Ouaret, W., Boekelo, B., & van Ittersum, M. K. (2021). Liming agricultural soils in Western Kenya: Can long-term economic and environmental benefits pay off short term investments? Agricultural Systems, 190(9).
[27] Jena, P. R., De Groote, H., Nayak, B. P., & Hittmeyer, A. (2021). Evolution of Fertiliser Use and its Impact on Maize Productivity in Kenya: Evidence from Multiple Surveys. Food Security, 13(1), 95–111.
[28] Jongare, A. I., & Michael, A. (2015). Fertiliser subsidy effects on fertiliser use in the northern region of Ghana. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(53), 4926–4936.
[29] Kahsay, W. S., Koroto, S., Masrie, B., Dechassa, N., Tana, T., Alemayehu, Y., Abebie, B., Rosen, C. J., Kelling, K. A., Stark, J. C., Porter, G. A., Ariga, J., Jayne, T. S., Oseko, E., Dienya, T., FAO, Linus, M. M. M., Irungu, J. W., Sarkar, A., … Usman, M. (2015). Fertilizer Consumption and Fertilizer use by Crop (FUBC) in Kenya Study Conducted For Africa fertilizer . American Journal of Potato Research, 5(1), 1–23.
[30] Kariyasa, K., & Dewi, Y. A. (2013). Analysis of Factors Affecting Adoption of Integrated Crop Management Farmer Field School ( ICM-FFS ) In Swampy Areas Ketut Kariyasa Indonesian Center for Agricultural Technology Assessment and Yovita Anggita Dewi Indonesian Center for Agricultural Technol. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics, 1(2), 29–38.
[31] Karkie, L. B., & Bauer, S. (2004). Technology Adoption and Household Food Security. Analyzing factors determining technology adoption and impact of project intervention: A case of smallholder peasants in Nepal. In Conference Paper in The Deutscher Tropentag Held on (PP5 – 7).
[32] KCIDP. (2018). Climate Risk Profile for Kakamega County. Kenya County Climate Risk Profile Series. The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (MoALF), Nairobi, Kenya.2.
[33] Kirimi, L., Sitko, N., Jayne, T. S., Karin, F., Sheahan, M., Flock, J., & Bor, G. (2011). A Farm Gate-to-Consumer Value Chain Analysis of Kenya’s Maize Marketing System. Agricultural Economics.
[34] Kogo, B. K., Kumar, L., & Koech, R. (2020). Impact of land use/cover changes on soil erosion in western kenya. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(22), 1–17.
[35] Kusumah, E. P., & Christianingrum, M. (2018). Analysis of Decision Factors To Purchase Organic Fertilizer By White Pepper Farmers. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 75(3), 145–154.
[36] Liverpool‐Tasie, L. S. O. (2014). Fertilizer subsidies and private market participation: the case of Kano State, Nigeria. Agricultural Economics, 45(6), 663–678.
[37] Macharia, C. N., Njeru, C. M., Gichangi, A. W., Kamundia, J. W., Njuguna, M. N., & Wasike, V. W. (2009). Determination of location specific agronomic recommendations for a maizebased farming system in western Kenya. 9th African Crop Science, Conference Proceedings, Cape Town, South Africa, 28 September-2 October 2009, 221–226.
[38] Makau, J. M., Irungu, P., Nyikal, R. A., & Kirimi, L. W. (2016b). An assessment of the effect of a national fertiliser subsidy programme on farmer participation in private fertiliser markets in the North Rift region of Kenya. In African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 11(4) 292-304.
[39] Mal, P., Anik, A. R., Bauer, S., & Schmitz, P. M. (2012). Bt cotton adoption: A double-hurdle approach for North Indian Farmers. AgBioForum, 15(3), 294–302.
[40] Martey, E., Wiredu, A. N., Etwire, P. M., Fosu, M., Buah, S. S. J., Bidzakin, J., Ahiabor, B. D. K., & Kusi, F. (2014). Fertilizer Adoption and Use Intensity Among Smallholder Farmers in Northern Ghana: A Case Study of the AGRA Soil Health Project. Sustainable Agriculture Research, 3(1), 24.
[41] Mbakaya, D. S., Okalebo, J. R., Muricho, M., & Lumasayi, S. (2011). Effects of liming and inorganic fertilizers on maize yield in Kakamega north and Ugunja districts, western Kenya. KARI, Nairobi, Kenya, 12(11), 123–129.
[42] Mignouna, D. B., Manyong, V. M., Rusike, J., Mutabazi, K. D. S., & Senkondo, E. M. (2011). Determinants of adopting imazapyr-resistant maize technologies and its impact on household income in Western Kenya. AgBioForum, 14(3), 158–163.
[43] Mohamed, K. S., & Temu, A. E. (2008). Access to credit and its effect on the adoption of agricultural technologies: the case of Zanzibar. African Review of Money Finance and Banking, 45–89.
[44] Mulinya, C., Ang’awa, F., & Tonui, W. K. (2015). Small scale farmers and resilience adaptive strategies to climate change in Kakamega county.
[45] Munialo, S., Dahlin, A. S., Onyango M., C., Oluoch-Kosura, W., Marstorp, H., & Öborn, I. (2020). Soil and management-related factors contributing to maize yield gaps in western Kenya. Food and Energy Security, 9(1), 1–17.
[46] Mutea, E., Rist, S., & Jacobi, J. (2020). Applying the theory of access to food security among smallholder family farmers around North-West Mount Kenya. Sustainability, 12(5), 1751.
[47] Mwaura, G. G., Kiboi, M. N., Bett, E. K., Mugwe, J. N., Muriuki, A., Nicolay, G., & Ngetich, F. K. (2021). Adoption Intensity of Selected Organic-Based Soil Fertility Management Technologies in the Central Highlands of Kenya. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4(1).
[48] NAAIAP. (2014). Soil suitability evaluation for maize production in Kenya. In Ministry of Agriculture (2).
[49] Naseem, A., Nagarajan, L., & Pray, C. (2018). The role of maize varietal development on yields in Kenya. 10th International Conference of Agricultural Economists July 28-August 2, 1–26.
[50] NEPAD. (2006). The Abuja Declaration on Fertilizers for an African Green Revolution: Status of Implementation at Regional and National Levels. Policy Brief African Union and NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency.
[51] Ochola, R. O., & Fengying, N. I. E. (2015). Evaluating the effects of fertilizer subsidy programmes on vulnerable farmers in Kenya. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 7(6), 192–201.
[52] Onzima, B. (2017). The effect of climate change adaptation strategies on bean yield in central and northern Uganda. 14(4), 279–291.
[53] Paul, B. K., Vanlauwe, B., Hoogmoed, M., Hurisso, T. T., Ndabamenye, T., Terano, Y., Six, J., Ayuke, F. O., & Pulleman, M. M. (2015). Exclusion of soil macrofauna did not affect soil quality but increased crop yields in a sub-humid tropical maize-based system. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 208, 75–85.
[54] Ricker-Gilbert, J. (2011). Household-level impacts of fertilizer subsidies in Malawi. Michigan State University. Agricultural, Food & Resource Economics.
[55] Simiyu, S. W. (2014). Factors influencing maize production among small scale Farmers in Kenya, A caseof Bungoma central sub county(Unpublished PhD Dissertation).
[56] Simtowe, F., & Zeller, M. (2006). The Impact of Access to Credit on the Adoption of hybrid maize in Malawi: An Empirical test of an Agricultural Household Model under credit market failure. 45.
[57] Takeshima, H., Nkonya, E., & Deb, S. (2012). Impact of Fertilizer Subsidies on the Commercial Fertilizer Sector in Nigeria. 23.
[58] UNEP. (2015). Green Economy Sector Study on Agriculture in Kenya. In Sector Study.
[59] Wiredu, A. N., Zeller, M., & Diagne, A. (2015). Impact of fertilizer subsidy on land and labor productivity of rice-producing households in Northern Ghana. Centre for the Study of African Economies (CSAE) Annual Conference, Oxford, UK, March, 22–24.
[60] Xu, Z., Guan, Z., Jayne, T. S., & Black, R. (2009). Factors influencing the profitability of fertilizer use on maize in Zambia. Agricultural Economics, 40(4), 437–446
Dennis Kimoso Mulupi, Mose P. B Ph.D, Kenneth Waluse Sibiko Ph.D, “Subsidized Fertilizer Utilization and Determinants among Small-scale Maize Farmers in Kakamega County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.614-622 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51134
Download PDF
Effect of Guided Diagram Scoring Teaching Strategy on Students’ Achievement in Biology at Senior Secondary School Level
Adipere Ebiye, Okpko, Valentine, Leghemo Ebifaghe K, Enareigha Esther B, & Epem Ubodiom – November 2021- Page No.: 623-628
A quasi-experimental study of non-equivalent control design was adopted to investigate the effect of guided diagram scoring teaching strategy on senior secondary school class 2 (SS2) students’ achievement in biology. The study sample size consisted of 135 SS2 students consisting 70 students in one intact class from one school and 65 students from another school within Yenagoa metropolis of Bayelsa State. The aim of the study was to evaluate the students’ achievement through GDSTS in one of the biology topics. The students were drawn from intact classes, were randomly selected into experimental group and control group. The study employed pretest and posttest on biology of nervous system in data collection. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation and independent t-test. Findings from the study revealed that students taught with guided diagram scoring teaching strategy scored higher in their achievement test items than those taught with conventional lecture method (control group (m=5.64, SD=1.08) and experimental group (m=7.31, SD=0.71) conditions t(133)=4.72, t-tab=1.97); which implied that guided diagram scoring teaching strategy was effective in improving students’ achievement in learning. More so, it was revealed that gender is a significant factor in students’ achievement when taught with guided diagram scoring strategy favouring the female gender. Since guided diagram scoring teaching strategy enhanced performance of students, we therefore recommend that guided diagram scoring teaching strategy be included as an integral part of instructional procedure of biology education in senior secondary schools.
Page(s): 623-628 Date of Publication: 11 December 2021
Adipere Ebiye
Admiralty University of Nigeria, Ibusa/Ogwashi-Uku Express, Delta State, Nigeria
Okpko, Valentine
Admiralty University of Nigeria, Ibusa/Ogwashi-Uku Express, Delta State, Nigeria
Leghemo Ebifaghe K
Bayelsa State College of Health technology Otuogidi, Ogbia, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Enareigha Esther B
Bayelsa State College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Epem Ubodiom
Bayelsa State College of Education, Sagbama, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
[1] Abonyi, O. S. & Nweke, I. (2014). Effect of Guided Scoring Approach to Science Instruction on Senior Secondary School Students Achievement in Algebra. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(14) 31-37.
[2] Amaechi, O. J. & Thompson, C. G. (2016). Practical skills in technical and Vocational training programmes in Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology, 5(12), 78 –82.
[3] Andrade, H. (2000). Using rubrics to promote thinking and learning. Educational Leadership, 57(5), 13-18.
[4] Ballah, A. G. (2015). Attitude and Academic performance of senior secondary school students in Physics in Nigeria. International Conference on Education, Social Sciences and Humanites. Proceedings of SOCIOINT, 15-22.
[5] Chinyemba, F. (2011). The impact of standardized marking scheme on improvement of instruction in design project work in technical subjects. Journal of Innovative Research in Education, 1(1): 102-113
[6] Glickman-Bond, J. and Rose, K. (2006). Creating and Using Rubrics in Today’s Classrooms, Norwood, MA: Christopher-Gordon Publishers, Inc.
[7] Joda, F. M. & Mohamed, A. A. (2017). Effect of Guided Inquiry teaching method on senior secondary school Biology students’ Academic Achievement and Retention in Yola Education Zone, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Multidisciplinary Journal of Science, Technology and Vocational Education, 5(1), 89-96.
[8] Joda, F. M. (2018). Effect of concept mapping teaching approach on senior secondary school Biology students Achievement in Biology in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Jigawa Journal of Multi-disciplinary Studies (JJMS), 1(1), 140-147.
[9] Joda, F. M. (2019). Effects of Instructional Scaffolding Strategy on Senior Secondary Biology Students’ Academic Achievement and Retention in Taraba State, Nigeria. Asian Institute of Research Education Quarterly Reviews, 2(2).
[10] Kwok, L. (2008). Students’ perception of peer evaluation and teachers role in serminar discussion. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 5 (1) 84–97.
[11] Masayile, Q., Nyoni, T., Nyoni, M., Bonga, W. G. & Musisinyani, B. J. (2017) An Evaluation of the use of Marking Schemes in the Teaching and Learning of Commerce at Ordinary level: A Case Study of Five (5) Secondary Schools in Chiefs Sayi and Jiri areas in Gokwe South District, Midlands, Zimbabwe. Dynamic Research Journals (DRJ) Journal of Economics and Finance (DRJ-JEF), 2(6): 01-19.
[12] Moskal, B. M. (2003). Recommendations for developing classroom performance assessments and scoring rubrics. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 8(14).
[13] Nwachukwu, J. N. & Nwosu, A. A. (2007) Effects of Demonstration Method on Different Levels of Students’ Cognitive Achievement in Senior Secondary School. Journal of Science Teachers of Nigeria, 42 (182) 5O.
[14] Nwagbo, C & Obekwe, C. (2010) Effects of Constructivist Instructional Approach on Students’ Achievement in Basic Ecological Concepts in Biology. Journal of Science Teachers of Nigeria, 45 (3 & 2) 28-33.
[15] Nzewi, U. M. (2010). It’s all in the brain of gender and achievement in science and technology education. 51st inaugural lecture of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, P18-32.
[16] Ogbonna, C. C. (2003) Effect of Constructivist Instructional Approach on Senior Secondary School Students Achievement and Interest in Mathematics. Unpublished M.Ed Project University of Nigeria. Nsukka.
[17] Okotubo, J. O. (2020) Effect of Demonstration Teaching Method on Students’ Academic Achievement and Retention in Auto Mechanics Trade in Technical Colleges in Delta State. International Journal of Education and Evaluation, 6(5), 6-13
[18] Onugwu, J. F. (1991). Identification of Kinds of Errors Secondary school Students make in Solving Problems in Mathematics Unpublished M.Ed. Thesis, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
[19] Orogwu, E.O. (2006). Instructional sequence to teaching of number base. Journal of issues on mathematics 12 (1-2).
[20] Osuafor, A. & Okonkwo, I. (2013). Influence of family background on the academic achievement of secondary school Biology students in Anambra State. African Research Review: An International Multidisciplinary Journal, 7(3), 156-167.
[21] Osuyi, S.O. & Ainetor U.A (2018). Effect of Demonstration Teaching Method on Students’ Academic Performance in Basic Electricity in Technical Colleges in Edo State. Journal of Education in Developing Areas (JEDA) 26 (2), 37 – 45.
[22] Reynolds-Keefer, L. (2010). Rubric referenced Assessment in teacher preparation. An opportunity to learn by using Practical Assessment. Research and Education, 15(8)
[23] Sanni, S.O. & Ochepe, I. A. (2002) Effect of Practical Discussion outside the Classroom on Students’ Performance in Mathematics ABACUS: The Journal of Mathematics Association of Nigeria, 27(1) 45-49.
[24] Topping, K. (2003). Self and Peer Assessment in School and University: Reliability, Validity and Utility. In: Segers M, Dochy F, Cascallar E, editors. Optimising New Modes of Assessment: In Search of Qualities and Standards. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer, 55-87.
[25] Topping, K. (2008). Peer assisted learning: A practical guide for teachers. Newton, Mass: Brookline Books.
[26] Viehrig, K. (2014). Exploring the effects of GIS use on students’ achievement in Geography. Dissertation; Heideberg University of Education, Germany.
[27] Ugwu, T. U. (2014). Effects of guided inquiry method on students’ achievement and interest in Basic Science. Theses in the Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
[28] Ugwuadu, O. R & Joda, F. M. (2015). Reality of teaching Biology in Secondary Schools in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Educational Forum A Journal of Institute of Education, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 24(1), 59- 75.
[29] United Nation’s Education, Social and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (2006) Nigeria UNESCO STE Project 931/NR/100. Speech by UNESCO, Abuja, Opening Ceremony of the Use of kits at the Zonal Workshops by STAN and Man.
[30] Usman, S. O. & Memeh, L. M. (2007). Using Guided Scoring Teaching Strategy to Improve Students’ Achievement in Mathematics at Secondary School Level in Nigeria. Journal of Science Teachers Association of Nigeria, 42 (182) 60-64.
[31] Wolf, K., & Stevens, E. (2007). The role of rubrics in advancing and assessing student learning. The Journal of Effective Teaching 7(1)
[32] West African Examinations Council (2008) May/June 2008 WASSCE Final Marking Scheme biology 2 Essay Nigeria. Yaba: WAEC.
[33] West African Examinations Council (2010) May/June 2008 WASSCE Final Marking Scheme biology 2 Essay Nigeria. Yaba: WAEC.
[34] West African Examination Council (2018). Chief Examiner’s report. Abuja; WAEC
Adipere Ebiye, Okpko, Valentine, Leghemo Ebifaghe K, Enareigha Esther B, & Epem Ubodiom “Effect of Guided Diagram Scoring Teaching Strategy on Students’ Achievement in Biology at Senior Secondary School Level” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.623-628 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/623-628.pdf
Download PDF
History of Christian Education: Latin and Syriac Fathers
Youssry Guirguis, PhD- November 2021- Page No.: 629-640
“Men learn while they teach.” Seneca
Christian education can be considered to have been advanced with the early church fathers who wrote in Latin. They made significant contributions in numerous areas of education, such as philosophy, religion, science, poetry, polemical language, rhetoric, establishing of school curriculums, and other literature. Their unique input to Christian education paved the way for greater development in educating the laity. By contrast the Syriac fathers aimed to make society more meaningful. They emphasized that good teaching and learning was Christocentric and help individuals to become good Christians. Their missionary approach to Christian education focused on apologetics, hymnology, homilies, and typologies as iconoclastic weapons to defend the Christian faith. Their theories are discussed to assist educators to adapt the concepts they employed, which, in turn, will impact classroom learning.
Page(s): 629-640 Date of Publication: 11 December 2021
Youssry Guirguis, PhD
Asia-Pacific International University, Muak Lek, Saraburi, Thailand
[1] Adogbo, M. P. (2010). Comparative historical and interpretative study of religions. African Books Collective.
[2] Alfeyev, H. (2013). Isaac the Syrian (Isaac of Nineveh), St. In W. M. Johnston (Ed.), Encyclopedia of monasticism. (pp. 665-667). Routledge.
[3] Alfeyev, H. (2016). The spiritual world of Isaac the Syrian. (45-49). Liturgical Press.
[4] Allen, L. (2006). Future cost of today’s religion. iUniverse.
[5] Anthony, M. J., & Benson, W. S. (2013). Exploring the history and philosophy of Christian education: principles for the 21st Century. Wipf & Stock.
[6] Aquilina, M. (2013). Good pope, bad pope: Their lives, our lessons. Franciscan Media.
[7] Augustine, (Bishop of Hippo), St. (1955). Augustine: Later works, (J. Burnaby, Trans.). Westminster John Knox Press.
[8] Augustine, St. (2014). Teaching Christianity (De Doctrina Christiana,). J. E. Rotelle (Ed.), (E. Hill Trans.). New City Press.
[9] Bar Israël, H. Mâr Élijah. (2014). The creed of saint Aphrahat of Adiabene. Nazarani Foundation.
[10] Bardenhewer, O. (2008). Patrology: The lives and works of the fathers of the church. (T. J. Shahan, Trans.). The University of California.
[11] Barrett, G. (2020). God’s librarian: Isidore of Seville and his literary agenda. In A. Fear & J. Wood (Eds.), A Companion to Isidore of Seville: A series of handbooks and reference works on the intellectual and religious life of Europe, 500-1800. (pp. 42-100). Brill.
[12] Barron, A., Cleary, D. P. Harrison, & White, J. (2018). Religious studies route b: Catholic Christianity and Judaism. Hachette.
[13] Beckwith, C. (2008). Hilary of Poitiers on the Trinity: From De Fide to De Trinitate. Oxford University Press.
[14] Beeley, C. A. (2008). Gregory of Nazianzus on the Trinity and the knowledge of God: In your light we shall see light. Oxford University Press.
[15] Bigalke, R. J. (2015). Augustine. In G. T. Kurian & M. A. Lamport (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Christian education. (vol. 1, pp. 98-99). Rowman & Littlefield.
[16] Binder, S. E. (2012). Tertullian, on idolatry and mishnah Avodah Zarah: Questioning the parting of the ways between Christians and Jews. Brill.
[17] Blevins, D. (2015). Augustine, educational contributions of. In G. T. Kurian & M. A. Lamport (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Christian education. (vol. 1, pp. 99-101). Rowman & Littlefield.
[18] Borchardt, C. F. A. (2013). Hilary of Poitiers’ role in the Arian struggle. Springer Science & Business Media.
[19] Bowden, J. S., & Bowden, J. (2005). Encyclopedia of Christianity. Oxford University Press.
[20] Brown, P. (2000). Augustine of Hippo: A biography, revised edition with a new epilogue. University of California Press.
[21] Campion, St. E., & Holleran, J. V. (1999). A Jesuit challenge: Edmund campion’s debates at the tower of London in 1581. Fordham University Press.
[22] Carey, G. L. (1978). Ambrose (c. 339-397). In J. D. Douglas (Ed.), The new international dictionary of the Christian church. (p. 32). Zondervan.
[23] Chardon, Sis. N. D. (2006). Saints and feast days: A resource and activity book. Loyola Press.
[24] Cheyne, T. K. (2008). The origin and religious contents of the Psalter: In the light of old criticism and the history of religions. Wipf & Stock.
[25] Cone, S. D., & Rea, R. F. (2019). A global church history: The great tradition through cultures, continents, and centuries. Bloomsbury.
[26] Curtis, A. K. & Lang, J. S. (1998). Randy Petersen, the 100 most important events in Christian history. Baker.
[27] Daly, R. J. (2019). Sacrifice in pagan and Christian antiquity. Bloomsbury.
[28] Delaney, J. J. (2012). Pocket dictionary of saints: Revised edition. Crown Group.
[29] Dixon, J. G. (2013). What do they teach them in these schools?”: C. S. Lewis on reading, education, and psychagogia. In P. C. Kemeny (Ed.), Faith, freedom, and higher education: historical analysis and contemporary reflections. Wipf & Stock.
[30] Doherty, J. (2015). How the Catholic church became naughty…and where the real hindrance to reform lies: What is preventing the church leaders from practicing what they preach? Outskirts Press.
[31] Drijvers, J. W. (2004). Cyril of Jerusalem: Bishop and city. Brill.
[32] Dunkle, B. P. (2016). Enchantment and creed in the hymns of Ambrose of Milan. Oxford University Press.
[33] Eavey, C. B. (1964). History of Christian education. Moody Press.
[34] Ellis, J. T. (2009). Seminary education in a time of change. The University of Michigan, 2009.
[35] Ferguson, E. (2014). The early church at work and worship: Catechesis, baptism, eschatology, and martyrdom. ISD LLC.
[36] Forness, P. M. (2018). Preaching Christology in the Roman near east: A study of Jacob of Serugh. (pp. 168-169). Oxford University Press.
[37] Fromm, N. K. (2010). Hermeneutics of holiness: Ancient Jewish and Christian notions of sexuality and religious community. Oxford University Press.
[38] Getz, F. (1995). Medical education in later medieval England. In V. Nutton & R. Porter The History of medical education in Britain. (pp. 76-93). Rodopi.
[39] Gmeiner, J., (1891). Mediaeval and Modern. Hofmann Brothers
[40] Goldberg, E. J. (2020). In the manner of the Franks: Hunting, kingship, and masculinity in early Medieval Europe. University of Pennsylvania Press.
[41] Gordon, P., & Lawton, D. (2019). A history of western educational ideas. Routledge.
[42] Grant, E. (1999). The foundations of modern science in the middle ages: Their religious, institutional, and intellectual contexts. Cambridge University Press.
[43] Grant, F. C. (2006). Rome and reunion. The University of Michigan.
[44] Gregory, (1959) Saint Gregory the great: Dialogues. (O. J. Zimmerman, Trans.). Fathers of the Church.
[45] Gregory, (1978). Pastoral care [regula pastoralis]. (H. Davis, Trans.). (pp. 20-200). Newman.
[46] Guiley, R. (Ed.). (2001). The encyclopedia of saints. Infobase.
[47] Harris, M. H. (1999). History of libraries of the western world. Scarecrow Press.
[48] Harrison, S. (2005). Augustine on what we owe to our teachers. In A. Rorty (Ed.), Philosophers on education: New historical perspectives. (pp. 44-78). Routledge, 2005.
[49] Hart, R. D. (2006). Increasing academic achievement with the trivium of classical education: Its historical development, decline in the last century, and resurgence in recent decades. iUniverse.
[50] Hastings, J., Selbie, J. A. & Gray, L. H. (Ed.). (2010). Encyclopædia of religion and ethics. The University of Michigan.
[51] Hawkins, J. (1868). A general history of the science and practice of music. (vol. 1, p. 147). Tilden Foundations.
[52] Heille, G. (2015). The preaching of pope Francis: Missionary discipleship and the ministry of the word. Liturgical Press.
[53] Hilja, A. (2010). Delight to you. (27-30). AuthorHouse.
[54] Hintz, E. R. (2014). Learning and persuasion in the German middle ages: The call to judgment. Routledge.
[55] Hippolytus (Antipope), (1992). In G. Dix & H. Chadwick (Eds.), The treatise on the Apostolic tradition of St. Hippolytus of Rome, bishop and martyr. (pp. xii-xvii). Abingdon, UK: Taylor & Francis.
[56] Homan, K. S. (2018). Aphrahat. In O. Nicholson (Ed.), The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. New York, NY: (vol. 1, p. 92). Oxford University Press.
[57] Isidore (of Seville), St. (2018). Isidore of Seville: Sententiae. (T. L. Knoebel, Trans.). Newman Press.
[58] Isidore of Seville, (2006). The etymologies of Isidore of Seville. (S. A. Barney, W. J. Lewis, J. A. Beach, & O. Berghof, Trans.). (pp. 7-10). Cambridge University Press.
[59] Isidore, (2009). Synonyma: Isidori hispalensis episcopi Synonyma. (J. Elfassi, Trans.). (pp. 5-10). Soudal Press.
[60] Isidore, St. (1976). Book of Maxims. (pp. 10-12). Catholic Book.
[61] Isidorus (Hispalensis), Saint Isidore (of Seville). (2008). Isidore of Seville: De Ecclesiasticis Officiis. (T. L. Knoebel, Trans.). (pp. 1-3). Paulist Press.
[62] Jacobs, A. (2019). The book of common prayer: A biography. Princeton University Press.
[63] Jaeger, W. (1954). Two rediscovered works of ancient christian literature: Gregory of Nyssa and Macarius. Brill.
[64] Jarkins, S. K. (2003). Skoyles Aphrahat the Persian sage and the temple of God: A study of early Syriac theological anthropology. The University of Virginia.
[65] Jensen, R. M. (2012). Baptismal imagery in early Christianity: Ritual, visual, and theological dimensions. Baker.
[66] Johnson, D. F. Divine justice in Gregory the Great’s dialogues. In S. D. Baxter (Ed.), Early medieval studies in memory of Patrick Wormald. (pp. 115-128). Ashgate.
[67] Jurgens, W. A. (1970). The faith of the early fathers: A source-book of theological and historical passages from the Christian writings of the pre-Nicene and Nicene eras. (vol. 1, p. 309). Liturgical Press.
[68] Kandráč, M. (2013). Catechetical model of early Christian hymnography and its application in the subject of religious education. In T. Jablonský & D. K. Petrovský (Eds.), Theory of the religious and art education in contemporary research: Studies of the doctoral students from the faculty of education at the Catholic university in Ružomberok. (pp. 41-60). Milano.
[69] Kerber, P. B. (2011). Perfectibility and its foreign causes: Reading for self-improvement in eighteenth-century Paris. In C. B. David (Ed.), Mimi hellman Paris: Life & luxury in the eighteenth century. (pp. 75-90). Getty.
[70] Koch, Carl. The Catholic Church: Journey, Wisdom, and Mission. Saint Mary’s Press, 1994.
[71] Koltun, N. (1993). Jewish-Christian polemics in fourth-century Persian Mesopotamia: A reconstructed conversation. Stanford University.
[72] Kraus, M. A. (2017). Jewish, Christian, and classical exegetical traditions in Jerome’s translation of the book of Exodus. Brill.
[73] Krewson, W. L. (2017). Jerome and the Jews: Innovative supersessionism. Wipf & Stock.
[74] Kvicalova, A. (2019). Listening and knowledge in reformation Europe: Hearing, speaking and remembering in Calvin’s Geneva. Springer.
[75] Lienhard, J. T., & Rombs, R. J. (2014). Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy. In J. T. Lienhard (Ed.), Ancient Christian commentary on scripture. (vol. 3, pp. 20-123). InterVarsity Press.
[76] Lizorkin, E. (2019). Aphrahat’s demonstrations: A conversation with the Jews of Mesopotamia. The University of California.
[77] Lizorkin, I. (2010). Aphrahat. In G. T. Kurian, J. D. Smith (Eds.), The encyclopedia of Christian literature. Scarecrow Press.
[78] Lodi, E. (2018). Saints of the Roman calendar: Including recent feasts proper to the English-speaking world. Lulu.
[79] Louth, A., & Conti, M. (2014). Genesis 1-11. In A. Louth (Ed.), Ancient Christian commentary on scripture. (vol. 1, pp. 193-213). InterVarsity Press.
[80] Luther, M. (2020). Luther’s works: Reformation writings and occasional pieces. (J. Pelikan & H. T. Lehmann, Trans.). The University of California.
[81] Lynch, J. (2014). The medieval church: A brief history. Routledge.
[82] Macy, G. (2007). Damasus I of Rome. In O. O. Espín & J. B. Nickoloff (Eds.), An introductory dictionary of theology and religious studies. (p. 310). Liturgical Press.
[83] Maitland, S. R. (1835). A second letter to the rev. H. J. Rose, B. D. chaplain to his grace the archbishop Canterbury; containing notes on Milner’s history of the church in the fourth century. J. G. and F. Rivington.
[84] Makumba, M. M. (2007). An introduction to African philosophy: Past and present. Paulines Africa.
[85] Maldonado, P. C. (2020). Living a Christian life: Isidore of Seville on monasticism, teaching, and learning. In A. Fear & J. Wood (Eds.), A companion to Isidore of Seville: A series of handbooks and reference works on the intellectual and religious life of Europe, 500-1800. (pp. 301-331). Brill.
[86] Marique, P. J. (2008). History of Christian education. (vol. 1, p. 48). The University of Michigan.
[87] Mary, T. Clark, R. S. C. J. (2013). Hilary of Poitiers (ca315-ca. 367). In E. Ferguson (Ed.), Encyclopedia of early Christianity, 2nd ed. 527-528. Routledge.
[88] Mathews, Jr., E. G. (2006). Armenian Prayers Attributed to Surb Eprem Xorin Asorwoy. In R. R. Ervine (Ed.), Worship traditions in Armenia and the neighboring Christian east: an international symposium in honor of the 40th anniversary of St. Nersess Armenian Seminary. (pp. 161-175). St Vladimir’s Seminary Press.
[89] Meinardus, Otto F. A. (1999). Two thousand years of Coptic Christianity. American University in Cairo Press.
[90] Middleton, C. (1839). The history of the life of Marcus Tullius Cicero. Edward Moxon.
[91] Moran, D. (2004). The philosophy of John Scottus Eriugena: A study of idealism in the middle ages. Cambridge University Press.
[92] Morgan, R. (1997). On this day: 365 amazing and inspiring stories about saints, martyrs and heroes. Thomas Nelson.
[93] Morrison, J. D. (2013). “Tertullian (AD 155-220). In E. E. Hindson & D. R. Mitchell (Eds.), The popular encyclopedia of church history: The people, places, and events that shaped Christianity. (pp. 321-324). Harvest House.
[94] Muir, L. R. (2003). The biblical drama of medieval Europe. Cambridge University Press.
[95] Murphy, D. D. (2007). Teaching that transforms: Worship as the heart of Christian education. (pp. 143-168). Wipf & Stock.
[96] Murray, R. (2006). Symbols of church and kingdom: A study in early Syriac tradition. A&C Black.
[97] Neusner, J. (1971). Aphrahat and Judaism. The Christian-Jewish Argument in Fourth-Century Iran. Studia Post-Biblica, 19, no. 40. iii-xiii.
[98] Pabel, H. (2008). Herculean labours: Erasmus and the editing of St. Jerome’s letters in the Renaissance. Brill.
[99] Pasquarello III, M. (2015). Ambrose. In G. T. Kurian & M. A. Lamport (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Christian education. (vol. 1, pp. 33-34). Rowman & Littlefield.
[100] Patella, M. F. (2012). Angels and demons: A Christian primer of the spiritual world. Liturgical Press.
[101] Petersen, R. (2014). Be still, my soul: The inspiring stories behind 175 of the most-loved hymns. Tyndale House.
[102] Peters, F. (2015). The Sunday at Home. Arkose Press.
[103] Pillet, A. (1881). The African fabiola; or, the church of Carthage in the days of Tertullian. (pp. 100-102). D. & J. Sadlier.
[104] Potterie, I. De La. (2008). Biblical exegesis: A science of faith. In J. Granados, C. Granados, & L. S. Navarro (Eds.), (M. Borras, Trans.). Opening up the scriptures: joseph Ratzinger and the foundations of biblical interpretation. (pp. 30-64). Eerdmans.
[105] Power, E. J. (1991). A legacy of learning: A history of western education. State University of New York Press.
[106] Ray, S. K. (1997). Crossing the Tiber: Evangelical protestants discover the historical church. Ignatius Press.
[107] Rengers, C. (2014). The 35 doctors of the church. TAN.
[108] Reyes, E. C. (2014). In his name: Vol. ivb who wrote the gospels? Trafford.
[109] Ringma, C. R. (2013). Hear the ancient wisdom: A meditational reader for the whole year from the early church fathers up to the pre-reformation. Wipf & Stock.
[110] Ritter, F. L. (1892). The student’s history of music: the history of music, from the Christian era to the present time. Tilden Foundations.
[111] Roberts, A. (Ed.). (2007). The Ante-Nicene fathers: the writings of the fathers down to A.D. 325, volume vii fathers of the third and fourth Century. (pp. 7-8). Cosimo.
[112] Salisbury, J. (2004). Ambrose, saint. In C. Kleinhenz (Ed.), Medieval Italy: An encyclopedia. (pp. 26-28). Routledge.
[113] Sanford, E. B. (Ed.). (1895). A concise cyclopedia of religious knowledge: Biblical, biographical, geographical, historical, practical and theological. Funk & Wagnalls.
[114] Schaff, P. (Ed.). (2017). Latin Christianity: Hippolytus, Cyprian, Caius, Novatian, appendix. Lulu.
[115] Schmidt, M. W. G. A. (2017). And on this rock i will build my church, a new edition of Philip Schaff’s history of the Christian church: from Nicene and post-Nicene Christianity to medieval Christianity A.D. 311-1073. (pp. 694-699). disserta Verlag.
[116] Scully, J. (2017). Isaac of Nineveh’s ascetical eschatology. Oxford University Press.
[117] Sharma, A. P. (1997). Development of Western Educational Thought. Concept.
[118] Smith, S. M. (2012). Christian ritualizing and the baptismal process: liturgical explorations toward a realized baptismal ecclesiology. Wipf & Stock.
[119] Stroope, M. W. (2017). Transcending mission: The eclipse of a modern tradition. InterVarsity Press.
[120] Thomas, K. J. (2015). A restless search: A history of Persian translations of the Bible. Society of Biblical Literature Press.
[121] Tuchman, B. W. (2011). Bible and sword: how the British came to Palestine. Northwestern University.
[122] Verster, T. L. (2009). A historical pedagogical investigation of infant education. Indiana University.
[123] von Bunsen, C. K. J. F. (1854). Hippolytus and his age; or, the beginnings and prospects of Christianity. Green and Longmans.
[124] Walsh, M. (2012). Witness of the saints: patristic readings in the liturgy of the hours. Ignatius Press.
[125] Ward, M. (2008). Saints who made history: The first five centuries. The University of Virginia.
[126] Warren, F. M. (1895). A history of the novel previous to the seventeenth century. Henry Holt.
[127] Weedman, M. (2007). The trinitarian theology of Hilary of Poitiers. (pp. 74-118). Brill, 2007.
[128] Wegner, P. D. (2014). The journey from texts to translations: The origin and development of the Bible. Baker.
[129] Wysocki, M. (2015). Jerome. In G. T. Kurian & M. A. Lamport (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Christian education. (vol. 2, pp. 657-658). Rowman & Littlefield.
[130] Younan, F. A. (2009). The Mesopotamian School & Theodore of Mopsuestia. (pp. 72-73). Lulu.
Youssry Guirguis, PhD, “History of Christian Education: Latin and Syriac Fathers” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.629-640 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/629-640.pdf
Download PDF
Effects of Decentralization Policy on Service Delivery by Local Governments in the Republic of South Sudan: A case of Jubek State
Ohisa James Claudio and Nelson Mango- November 2021- Page No.: 641-650
This article concerns the effects of decentralization on service delivery in Jubek State of South Sudan. The study adopted both descriptive survey research design and explanatory research design to identify, analyze, and describe the relationship between governance decentralization and service delivery. The study population was 1890 local government officials from Jubek State. This study used multiphase sampling technique to select the subjects of study. Both stratified random sampling technique and simple random sampling techniques were adopted to get the sample of counties and local government officials to be included in the study. A sample of 330 respondents was selected for survey. Out of the 330 respondents, 275 completed the questionnaire survey giving a response rate of 83.3%. Cronbach‘s alpha was used to test for internal reliability of each variable used in the study. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 23 to generate descriptive statistics. The study used tables to analyze the association between governance decentralization dimensions and service delivery variables. The findings revealed that governance decentralization had a positive significant effect on service delivery in local governments in Jubek State, Southern Sudan. Specifically, the study found out that financial decentralization (mean 3.06 at Cronbach’s alpha 0.703), administrative decentralization (mean 4.03 at Cronbach alpha 0.813), citizen participation (mean 3.57 at Cronbach alpha 0.702) and social accountability (mean 3.99 at Cronbach alpha 0.714) practices, for the 7 items examined, all had positive and significant effect on service delivery. However, social accountability had a significant effect on service delivery independently but not jointly. From these study findings, it is concluded that governance decentralization had a positive significant effect on service delivery. Thus the study makes a policy recommendation that the financial decentralization, administrative decentralization, citizen participation, social accountability practices need to be facilitated to improve service delivery in local government in Jubek State.
Page(s): 641-650 Date of Publication: 11 December 2021
Ohisa James Claudio
Mount Kenya University, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
Nelson Mango
Mount Kenya University, P.O. Box 342-01000, Thika, Kenya
[1] Abe, T., & Monisola, O. J. (2014). Citizen Participation and Service Delivery at the Local Government Level: A Case of Ise/Orun Local Government in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 27, p.102-110. 3. Ahmad, J., Devarajan, S., Kh
[2] Alvi M. (2016). A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research. Munich Personal RePEC Archive.
[3] Bogopane, L. (2014). A Qualitative Exploratory Analysis of the Impact of Percieved Erosion of the Politics Administration Dichotomy on good Governance and Service Delivery in a Democratic Developmental State: South African Perspective. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2014.v10n10p%p
[4] Bjorkman, M. and Svensson J. (2009). “Power to the people: Evidence from a randomized field experiment of a community-based monitoring project in Uganda.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 124(2):735–769.
[5] Brinkerhoff, D.W & Wetterberg, A. (2015). Gauging the effects of social accountability on services, governance, and citizen empowerment. Public Administration Review. DOI:10.1111/puar.12399.
[6] Bovaird T., Downe J. (2008), Innovation In Public Engagement And CoProduction Of Services. Policy Paper to Department of Communities and Local Government. London: CLG.
[7] Dickovick, T and J. Wunsch. 2014. Decentralization in Africa: A Comparative Perspective. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
[8] Finžgar, M. and Oplotnik, Ž.J., ‘Comparison of Fiscal Decentralization Systems in EU27 According to Selected Criteria’, 2013, Lex localis – Journal of Local Self-Government, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 651-672.
[9] Freinkman L., and Plekhanov, A. (2009). Fiscal Decentralization in Rentier Regions: Evidence from Russia. World Development, 37 (2), 503–512.
[10] Garang, J., (1987). John Garang Speaks. M. Khalid, ed. London: Kegan Paul International).
[11] Gaventa, J., and Barrett, G. (2010). So what difference does it make? Mapping the outcomes of citizen engagement. IDS Working Paper 347.
[12] Ghuman B.S. and Singh, R. (2013) – Decentralization and Delivery of Public Services in Asia. Policy and Society, 32(1), 7-12.
[13] Gorard, S. (2013). Research Design: Creating Robust Approaches for the Social Sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[14] GoSS (Government of southern Sudan 2017). The 32 Federal States of the Republic of South Sudan. https://paanluelwel.com/2017/01/22/the-32-federal-states-of-the-republic-of-south-sudan/
[15] GoSS (Government of southern Sudan 2011). Transitional constitution of south Sudan, 2011, Juba. Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly.www.sslagoss.org
[16] Inkoom, D. K. B. (2011). Ghana’s Decentralization: Two decades and still crawling? Development Journal 54(3), 393–399.
[17] Joshi, Anuradha. 2013. “Do They Work? Assessing the Impact of Transparency and Accountability Initiatives in Service Delivery.” Development Policy Review. 31 (S1): s29-s48
[18] Muriu S.M. (2014). Factors Affecting Implementation of Performance Contracting Process in Kenya’s Civil Service. A PhD dissertation. Jomo Kenyatta University., Juja, Kenya.
[19] Mwangi S. K. (2012). Making federalism work in south Sudan. The Brookings Institution, Africa Growth Initiative.
[20] Nayak, N.C. and Samanta, D. (2014) Understanding the Role of Participation in Public Service Delivery: Evidences from Rural West Bengal, India, International Journal of Public Administration, 37:12, 875-884,DOI: 10.1080/01900692.2014.928313
[21] Republic of Kenya (2010). The Constitution of Kenya 2010. Published by the National Council for Law, Nairobi, Kenya. www. Kenyalaw.org
[22] Omari, A. O., Kaburi, S. N., & Sewe, T. (2013, February). Change Dilemma: A Case of Structural Adjustment through Devolution In Kenya. In Scientific Conference Proceedings.
[23] Olatona, J. B., & Olomola, P. A. (2015). Analysis of fiscal decentralization and public service delivery in Nigeria. .Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development,, 6(9).
[24] Rosenbaum, A. (2013). Decentralization and Local Governance: Comparing US and Global Perspectives. Florida International University, USA 2013.
[25] Saavedra, Pablo A., (2010). “A Study of the Impact of Decentralization on Access to Service Delivery”. Public Management and Policy Dissertations Paper 40
[26] Simiyu C. (2015). Explaining the Relationship between Public Expenditure and economic Growth in Kenya using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM).
[27] Simon, A.A. (2011). Benefits of decentralized system of governance. South Sudan nation. South Sudan nation online publication.www.southsudanonline.com.
[28] Yusoff, M. A., Sarjoon, A., Awang, A., & Efendi, D. (2016). Conceptualizing Decentralization and its Dimensions. International Business Management, 10(6), 692-701.
Ohisa James Claudio and Nelson Mango, “Effects of Decentralization Policy on Service Delivery by Local Governments in the Republic of South Sudan: A case of Jubek State” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.641-650 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51135
Download PDF
Trauma Coping Strategies for the Catholic Religious Men and Women Survivors of Kidnapping in the Southern Ecclesiastical Provinces of Nigeria
Esther Oluwatoyin Amowe, Elijah Macharia Ndung’u, Ph.D, Joyzy Pius Egunjobi, Ph.D.,Dr.AD – November 2021- Page No.: 651-657
The study aimed at investigating the effective trauma coping strategies among Catholic religious men and women survivors of kidnap in Southern Ecclesiastical Provinces of Nigeria. It had a phenomenological design. Twenty-one survivors of which twelve were males and nine females were interviewed in a focus group using a semi-structured interview guide. A thematic analysis was of the data showed emerging themes of Relating with more people, having a wider social support network, not paying too much attention to the fact that they experienced the kidnapping, finding a rational and realistic explanation to the situation, being open to learning positive lessons from a very difficult situation, being compassionate towards their abductors, actively looking forward to ways to replace the losses they have encountered, plunging themselves into the depth of their prayers, praying for their abductors, and receiving some kind of professional counseling or therapeutic support have helped them to cope and navigate the path that leads to posttraumatic growth. Other themes that emerged from participants who seem to be struggling and are still traumatized are Inadequate understanding of their trauma by their conferrers, poor understanding of mental health issues by their superiors, fear of the costs of therapy, and that the recommendations of counselors and therapists are not often respected. The study recommends that Catholic Institutes of religious men and women, family members, and the society at large can incorporate these positive coping strategies into the trauma intervention and care of the survivors of kidnapping for them to navigate the path of posttraumatic growth.
Page(s): 651-657 Date of Publication: 11 December 2021
Esther Oluwatoyin Amowe
Department of Counselling Psychology, Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Elijah Macharia Ndung’u, Ph.D
Department of Counselling Psychology, Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Joyzy Pius Egunjobi, Ph.D.,Dr.AD
Department of Counselling Psychology, Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Psycho-Spiritual Institute, Marist International University College
[1] Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989). Hopelessness Depression: A theory-based subtype of Depression. Psychological Review, 358-372. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.2.358
[2] Adhikari, B. I., & Bhagawati, K. C. (2019). Post traumatic stress disorder and coping strategies among adult survivors of earthquake. Nepal BMC Psychiatry,, 19(118). doi:10.1186/s12888-019-2090-y
[3] Agency, C. N. (2017, 2018). Catholic News Agency. Retrieved from Catholic News Agency: https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/kidnapped-nigerian-seminarian-has-been-killed-44478
[4] Ajoudani, F., Jafarizadeh, H., & Kazamzadeh, J. (2019). Social support and posttraumatic growth in Iranian burn survivors: The mediating role of spirituality. Burns , 45(3), 732-740. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2018.10.013.
[5] Asatsa, S. M. (2018). Counseling as Predictor of Posttraumatic Growth among the GArissa University Terror Attack Surivvors. African Journal of Clinical Psychology, 01(03), 1-22. Retrieved October 15, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/publications/3
[6] Assanvo, W., & Okereke, D. (2021). Nigeria’s Kidnap Crisis. ENACTAFRICA. Retrieved from https://enactafrica.org/enact-observer/nigerias-kidnapping-crisis
[7] American Psychological Association, (2013). Diagnostic Statistical manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-V) 5th Edition.
[8] BBC. (2014). BBC News Africa. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-42570472
[9] Catholic Secretariat of Nigeria, {. 2. (2021). Catholic Secretariat of Nigeria, {CSN, 2021}) . Retrieved from Catholic Secretariat of Nigeria: https://csnigeria.org/
[10] Christian, A. (2020). Kidnapping Is A Threat to Nigerian Businesses; It’s Also Worry for The Poor. Retrieved from Weetracker.com
[11] ChristianRespnse, (2020). Christian Response. Retrieved from Christian Response: https://christianresponse.org/news/twin-sisters-kidnapped-pastor-and-three-other-christians-killed-in-nigeria/
[12] Dabashi, H. (2012). Arab Springs:The end of Post Colonialism. London, Great Britain: Zed Books.
[13] Farwell, N. (2004). In war’s wake: Contextualizing trauma experiences and psychosocial well- being among Eritrean youth. International Journal of Mental Health, 32(4), 20 – 50.
[14] Godwin, A. C. (2019). Fulani Herdsmen Strike Again in Benue, Kidnap Four Policemen. Daily Post. Retrieved January 02, 2021
[15] Guardian, T. (2018). Four Rev Sisters and a Lady Kidnapped by gunmen in Agbor. Nigeria. Retrieved from https://guardian.ng/news/four-rev-sisters-lady-kidnapped-by-gunmen-in-agbor/
[16] Lazarus, R., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal and coping. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
[17] National Youth Agency, U. (2018). KIDNAP FOR RANSOM . NYA24, pp. 1-8. Retrieved Ocotober07 2020, from https://www.aig.dk/content/dam/aig/emea/denmark/documents/k-r-trends2017-nya.pdf
[18] Olabisi, O. I., Olorunfem, O., Bolaji, A., Azeez, F. O., Olabisi, T. E., & Azeez, O. (n.d.). Depression,Anxiety, Stress, and Coping Strategies among Family members of Patients admitted in intensive care unit in Nigeria. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 13(1). doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2020.100223.
[19] Panzarella, C., Alloy, L. B., & Whitehouse, W. G. (2006). Expanded hopelessness theory of depression: On the mechanisms by which social support protects against depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 30, 307-333. doi:10.1007/s10608-006-9048-3.
[20] Tedeschi, R. G., Addington, E., Cann, A., & Calhoun, L. G. (2014). Posttraumatic Growth: Some Needed Corrections and Reminders. European Journal of Personality Psychology, 28, 332-361. doi:10. 1002/per.
[21] Tedeschi, G. R., & Calhoun, G. L. (1996). The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the Positive Legacy of Trauma. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9(3), 455-471.
[22] UNHCR. (2014). Mid-Year trends. Refugees, . Retrieved from www.unhcr.org/54aa91d89.htmlUNHCR;. United Nations High Commission for Refugees. Geneva, Switzerland: United Nations. Retrieved from www.unhcr.org/54aa91d89.html
[23] vanWestrhenen, N., Fritz, E., Vermeer, A., Boelen, P., & Kleber R. (2019). Creative arts in psychotherapy for traumatized children in South Africa: An evaluation study. PLoS ONE, 14(2), 0210857. doi:10.1371/journal
[24] Xu,W., Ding,X., Goh,P.H., An, Y. (2018). Dispositional mindfulness moderates the relationship between depression and posttraumatic growth in Chinese adolescents following a tornado, Personality and Individual Differences, 127, 15-21. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.032
Esther Oluwatoyin Amowe, Elijah Macharia Ndung’u, Ph.D, Joyzy Pius Egunjobi, Ph.D.,Dr.AD, “Trauma Coping Strategies for the Catholic Religious Men and Women Survivors of Kidnapping in the Southern Ecclesiastical Provinces of Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.651-657 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51136
Download PDF
Is Gender Still Important in Defining the Work-Family Conflict of Married Employees in 21st Century?
Nida Zahoor, Nazlina Zakaria, Nor Azimah Chew Abdullah – November 2021- Page No.: 658-664
The purpose of this research was to analyze the importance of gender in defining the work-family conflict of married employees in 21st century. Especially in workplaces with higher work related and work environment related stress. To achieve the research objective, 362 married male and female bank employees (181 each) who had at least one child, were selected for the study. The research results disseminated that although there is no significant difference in level of work related stress, work environment related stress, and work-family conflict of married employees. But unlike males, work-family conflict of married females is highly dependent on their level of work related stress. Hence, gender still plays an important role in defining the source of work-family conflict. Even though it is no longer important in determining their level of work related stress, work environment related stress, and work-family conflict. So, banks and other organizations should focus on lowering the work stress of their employees: to reduce the work-family conflict of their employees, and to flourish the performance and culture of their organization.
Page(s): 658-664 Date of Publication: 11 December 2021
Nida Zahoor
School of Business Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
Nazlina Zakaria
School of Business Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
Nor Azimah Chew Abdullah
School of Business Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
[1] Dizaho, K. E., & Othman, F. M. (2013). Antecedents of work life balance and its impact on loyalty, satisfaction and performance. Proceeding of the Global Conference on Business, Economics, and Social Sciences. http://www.academia.edu/download/40531747/Paper_1.pdf
[2] Lewis, J. (2009). Work-family balance, gender and policy. Edward Elgar.
[3] Gulzar, M., & Khalid, S. (2016). Personality type and work family conflict in female doctors. Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, 66(6). http://www.pafmj.org/art_pdf/18-3299-%20Shazia%20Khalid.pdf
[4] Sheikh, M. A., Ashiq, A., Mehar, M. R., Hasan, A., & Khalid, M. (2018). Impact of work and home demands on work life balance: Mediating role of work family conflicts. Pyrex Journal of Business and Finance Management Research, 4(5), 48-57.
[5] Delle, E., & Arkoful, H. K. (2014). Work and family at war: Does individual difference matter? International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(13), 82-90.
[6] Ahmad, D. A. (2008). Job, family and individual factors as predictors of work-family conflict. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 4(1), 57-65.
[7] Mjoli, T., Dywili, M., & Dodd, N. (2013). Demographic determinants of work-family conflict among female factory workers in South Africa. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 1(1), 39-41. https://doi.org/10.7763/JOEBM.2013.V1.9
[8] Chang, X., Zhou, Y., Wang, C., & Heredero, C. P. (2017). How do work-family balance practices affect work-family conflict? The differential roles of work stress. Frontiers of Business Research in China, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11782-017-0008-4
[9] Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513-524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513
[10] Naithani, D., & Jha, A. N. (2009). An empirical study of work and family life spheres and emergence of work-life balance initiatives under uncertain economic scenario. Growth-Journal of the Management Training Institute, 1, 69-73.
[11] Tabassum, H., Farooq, Z., & Fatima, I. (2017). Work family conflict, perceived work overload and work exhaustion in employees of banking sector. Pakistan Journal of Commerce & Social Sciences, 11(1). http://www.jespk.net/publications/352.pdf
[12] Farooq, A., & Kayani, A. K. (2014). Social dynamics in rural Punjab: Changes in gender roles, spatial mobility and decision making. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 34(5/6), 317-333. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-06-2013-0067
[13] Thompson, C. (2001). Conservation of resources theory. A Sloan work and family encyclopedia entry. Boston College.
[14] Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76-88.
[15] Khattak, J. K., Khan, M. A., Haq, A. U., Arif, M., & Minhas, A. A. (2011). Occupational stress and burnout in Pakistan’s banking sector. African Journal of Business Management, 5(3), 810-817.
[16] Raza, S., Hussain, M. S., Azeem, M., & Aziz, K. (2017). Workload, work stress, role conflict, and workplace deviant behaviour in banks: An empirical analysis. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(4), 701-707.
[17] Kazmi, S. S. A., Hashim, M., Ullah, M., Manzoor, S. R., & Khan, M. A. (2017). Impact of job stress on work family conflict: A case study of bankers of private sector banks in Peshawar, Pakistan. City University Research Journal, Special issue.
[18] Xie, Y. & Zhu, H. (2009). Do sons and daughters given more money to parents in urban China. Journal of Marriage and Family, 71(1), 1-20.
[19] Sattar, T., Yasin, G., & Afzal, S. (2012). Socio-cultural and economic impediments of inequality in provision of educational right to female: A case of southern Punjab (Pakistan). International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 2(1), 122-138. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v2i1.1210
[20] Khalid, U. (2017). Work family conflict/family work conflict-a study of gender and family systems. Pakistan Business Review, 19(2), 481-498.
[21] Bell, A. S., Rajendran, D., & Theiler, S. (2012). Job stress, wellbeing, work-life balance and work-life conflict among Australian academics. E-Journal of Applied Psychology, 8(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.7790/ejap.v8i1.320
[22] Smith, T. D., Hughes, K., DeJoy, D. M., & Dyal, M.-A. (2018). Assessment of relationships between work stress, work-family conflict, burnout and firefighter safety behavior outcomes. Safety Science, 103, 287-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2017.12.005
[23] Ismail, H. N., & Gali, N. (2017). Relationships among performance appraisal satisfaction, work-family conflict and job stress. Journal of Management & Organization, 23(3), 356-372. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2016.15
[24] Karkoulian, S., Srour, J., & Sinan, T. (2016). A gender perspective on work-life balance, perceived stress, and locus of control. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 4918-4923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.053
[25] Rabenu, E., Tziner, A., & Sharoni, G. (2017). The relationship between work-family conflict, stress, and work attitudes. International Journal of Manpower, 38(8), 1143-1156. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-01-2014-0014
[26] Tziner, A., & Sharoni, G. (2014). Organizational citizenship behavior, organizational justice, job stress, and work family conflict: Examination of their interrelationships with respondents from a non-western culture. Revista de Psicología Del Trabajo Y de Las Organizaciones, 30(1), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.5093/tr2014a5
[27] Devi, K. R., & Rani, S. S. (2016). The impact of organizational role stress and work family conflict: Diagnosis sources of difficulty at work place and job satisfaction among women in IT sector, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219, 214-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.008
[28] Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J. S., & McMurrian, R. (1996). Development and validation of work-family conflict and family-work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 400-410.
[29] Ayuningrum, A. (2014). The relationship between transactional leadership, conflict in the work team, personality and job stress. [Master’s thesis, Universiti Utara Malaysia]. http://etd.uum.edu.my/id/eprint/4034
[30] Karasek Jr, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative science quarterly, 285-308.
[31] McLean, A. A. (1979). Work stress. Addison Wesley Publishing Company.
[32] Zahoor, N., Abdullah, N. A. C., & Zakaria, N. (2021). The role of high performance work practices, work-family conflict, job stress and personality in affecting work life balance. Management Science Letters, 11(4), 1367-1378. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.11.003
[33] Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
[34] George, D., & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update (10a ed.). Pearson.
[35] Hair, J. F., Thomas, G., Hult, M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). Sage.
[36] Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach (7th ed.). Wiley.
[37] Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S., & Sun, J. (2006). Business research methods. Mcgraw-hill.
[38] Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice. 19 (2), 139-151.
[39] Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. New challenges to international marketing. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
[40] Stefanidis, A., & Strogilos, V. (2020). Perceived organizational support and work engagement of employees with children with disabilities. Personnel Review, ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-02-2019-0057
[41] Guest, D. E. (2002). Perspectives on the Study of Work-life Balance. Social Science Information, 41(2), 255-279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018402041002005
[42] Susi, S., & Jawaharrani, K. (2011). Work-Life Balance: The key driver of employee engagement. Asian journal of management research, 2(1), 474-483.
[43] The Australian Parenting Website (2021). Work-life balance: Tips for you and your family. Raisingchildren.net.au. https://raisingchildren.net.au/grown-ups/work-child-care/worklife-balance/work-life-balance
Nida Zahoor, Nazlina Zakaria, Nor Azimah Chew Abdullah “Is Gender Still Important in Defining the Work-Family Conflict of Married Employees in 21st Century?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.658-664 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51137
Download PDF
Fame Suppression on Company Growth in Small to Medium Enterprises in the Construction Industry of Zimbabwe, Focusing on Aluminium Companies
Mary Chakawa, Dr Chipo Mutongi, Singirai Sikomwe, Mary Murambi- November 2021- Page No.: 665-672
The study investigated the impact of fame suppression on company growth in the construction industry’s small to medium enterprises. The toxic triangle was used as the theoretical framework in this study to explain how toxic leaders can cause toxic environment as well as influence employee. The study used the quantitative approach, with a sample size of 160 drawn from the three Aluminium companies under study. Questionnaires were sent to SMEs employees and management of three Aluminium companies in Harare. A correlation and regression analysis was carried out to find the relationship between the variables. The research found out that fame suppression has an impact on company growth, although there are other factors that affect organisational growth like slow adoption to technology. The study recommended the reduction of fame suppression through the adoption of strategies like employee involvement and participation in decision making as well as encouraging both management and employee training. The research further recommends that there should be further studies to explore in other towns where other fundamentals may be different and in other sectors too.
Page(s): 665-672 Date of Publication: 13 December 2021
Mary Chakawa
Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
Dr Chipo Mutongi
Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
Singirai Sikomwe
Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
Mary Murambi
Midlands State University, Zimbabwe
[1] Abor, J. and Quartey, P. (2010). Issues in SME development in Ghana and South Africa. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 39: 218-228.
[2] Appelbum. S (2017), Toxins in the workplace, Effects on Employees and Organisations, Corporate Governance International Journal of Business in Society.
[3] Atmadja.T.S (2019), Workplace Toxicity, Leadership Behaviours and Leadership strategies, Walden University,https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations
[4] Baronce, E. (2015). From passivity to toxicity: Susceptible followers in a conducive environment (Masters’ thesis, Linnӕus University, Sweden). Retrieved from ttp://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:839156/FULLTEXT01.pdf
[5] Becker, V. S., Catanio, J. T.and Bailey, A. E. (2014). Incivility at work: A project management case involving workplace bullying. Journal of Human Resources Education, 8(2/3), 20-31.
[6] Boddy, C. R. (2015). Psychopathic Leadership a case study of a corporate psychopath CEO. Journal of Business Ethics, 145(1), 1-16. doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2908-6
[7] Brett, J. and Stroh, L. (2013), Working 61 plus hours a week: why do managers do it?, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 88 No. 1
[8] Brown, G., Crossley, C., and Robinson, S. L. (2014). Psychological ownership, territorial behaviour, and being perceived as a team contributor: The critical role of trust in the work environment. Personnel Psychology, 67(2), 463-485. doi:10.1111/peps.12048
[9] Building and Construction Brief Report Zimbabwe (2018)
[10] Cotton, E. (2016). How can you maintain your sanity in a toxic workplace? LSE Business Review. Retrieved from http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/74184/
[11] Dyck, D. and Roithmayr, T. (2011), The toxic workplace: is your organization making workers sick? Benefits Canada, Vol. 25 Vol. 3, March.
[12] Eisenbeiß, S. A., and Brodbeck, F. (2013). Ethical and unethical leadership: A cross-cultural and cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(2), 343-359.
[13] Erickson A., Shaw, J. B., Murray, J., and Branch, S. (2015). Destructive leadership: Causes, consequences and countermeasures. Organizational Dynamics, 44(4), 266-27.
[14] Fischbacher-Smith, D. (2015). The enemy has passed through the gate: Insider threats, the dark triad, and the challenges around security. Journal of Organisational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(2), 134-156.
[15] Franco, M. and Matos, P. G. (2013). Leadership Styles in SMEs: A Mixed-Method Approach. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 3: 1-27.
[16] Fraher, A. L. (2016). A toxic triangle of destructive leadership at Bristol Royal Infirmary: A study of organizational Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Leadership, 12(1).
[17] Gangata. K., and Matavire, E.H.M. (2013). Challenges facing SMEs in accessing finance from financial institutions: The case of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. International Journal of AppliedResearch and Studies. 2(7) 1-10.
[18] Green, J. E. (2014). Toxic leadership in educational organizations. Education Leadership Review, 15(1), 18-33. Retrieved from http://www.ncpeapublications.org.
[19] Hadadian, Z., and Zarei, J. (2016). Relationship between toxic leadership and job stress of knowledge workers. Studies in Business and Economics, 11(3), 84-89.
[20] Herald Report, September (2019), Construction industry should adopt BIM processes. Harare: Herald.
[21] Industrial Psychology Consultancy Zimbabwe (2019), Nepotism Prevalence in the Workplace Report, Harare.
[22] Jerry.A and Morris.J (2019), Understanding Coping Strategies and Behaviours of employees affected by toxic leadership. Walden dissertations and Doctoral studies, Walden University: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations.
[23] Kazunga.O (2017), SMEs Formalise Operations, https://www.chronicle.co.zw/18-500-smes-formalise-operations
[24] Leet.E (2011), The impact toxic or severe dysfunctional leadership has on the effectiveness of an organisation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University.
[25] Leonard, J. B. (2014). The dissolution of effective leadership: A multiple-case study analysis of destructive leadership (Master’s thesis). Retrieved from University of Tennessee Honours Thesis Projects. (Order No. 1800)
[26] Mgeni, T. O. (2015). Impact of Entrepreneurial Leadership Style on Business Performance of SMEs in Tanzania. Entrepreneurship and Organizational Management, 2(1): 1-9.
[27] Mhlanga P. (2017), Construction Industry shrinks, The Financial Gazette, www.financialgazette.co.zw. Accessed 27 May 2020.
[28] Mutongi.C and Mazhawiza (2019), Fame suppression: How to deal with it, EPRA International Journal of Muiltidisciplinary Research. Vol 5, Issue 4.
[29] Nyapfumbi.G (2017), Exploring the Growth Challenge for SMEs: A case of Construction Firms in Harare, University of Zimbabwe.
[30] Nyoni, T., and Bonga, W.G (2017). Towards factors affecting delays in construction projects: A case of Zimbabwe, Dynamic Research Journals’ Journal of Economics and Finance (DRJ-JEF), 2 (1): 12-28
[31] Olawale, F. and Garwe, D. (2010). Obstacles of the growth of new SMEs in South Africa: a principal component analysis approach. African Journal of Business Management, 4(5): 730-737.
[32] Okyere, F. (2013). Social responsibility in the SMMEs of the Botshabelo industrial estate. Masters dissertation. Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
[33] Okyere F. (2018), The impact of leadership styles of small business owners/managers on firm performance. The international journal of Business and Management employee attitudes towards organizational change. Economic Annals, 59(200), 131-162.
[34] Padilla, A., Hogan, R., and Kaiser, R. B. (2007). The toxic triangle: Destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 176-194.
[35] Palanski, M., Avey, J., and Jiraporn, N. (2014). The effects of ethical leadership and abusive supervision on job search behaviours in the turnover process. Journal of Business Ethics, 121, 135-146.
[36] Reed, G. (2014), ‘Toxic leadership’, Military Review, July-August, pp. 67-71.
[37] Ronnie.L (2017), Toxic leaders affect companies, and governments. How to deal with them, University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://www.thecoversation.com
[38] Seeger, M.W., Ulmer, R.R., Novak, J.M. and Sellnow, T. (2015), ‘Post-crisis discourse and organizational change, failure and renewal’,Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 78-95.
[39] Stark, M. (2013), Time to Treat Toxic Emotions at Work, Working Knowledge for Business Leaders Archive, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School.
[40] Torres, L., and Taknint, J. T. (2015). Ethnic micro-aggressions, traumatic stress symptoms, and Latino depression: A moderated meditational model. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 62(3), 393-401.
[41] Uchenwamgbe, B. P. (2013). Effects of Leadership Style on Organization Performance in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria, European Journal of Business Management, 5 (23): 53-73.
[42] Veldsman.T.(2016), How toxic leaders destroy people as well as organisational growth, University of Johannesburg, retrieved from: http/www.thecoversation.com
[43] Yang, J. Zhang, Z. X. and Tsui, A. (2010). Middle manager leadership and frontline employee performance: Bypass, cascading and moderating effects. Journal of Management Studies, 47(4): 654-678.
[44] Zhang, L.-F., You, L.-M., Ke, L., Zheng, J., Fang, J.-B., Lu, M.-M., Bu, X.-Q. (2014). The association of Chinese hospital work environment with nurse burnout, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Nursing Outlook, 62(2), 128-137.
[45] Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency, 2019 Labour Force and Child Labour Survey Report, Harare.
Mary Chakawa, Dr Chipo Mutongi, Singirai Sikomwe, Mary Murambi, “Fame Suppression on Company Growth in Small to Medium Enterprises in the Construction Industry of Zimbabwe, Focusing on Aluminium Companies” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.665-672 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/665-672.pdf
Download PDF
The Role of Public Relations in Creating Cordial Relationship with the Relevant Publics: A Study of A.B.U/MTN Library Connect
Ben Odeba, and Jennifer I. Osazuwa – November 2021- Page No.: 673-682
In order to create and sustain a cordial relationship with Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Community, MTN introduced a project called “MTN Library Connect” in the University. This paper, “The Role of Public Relations in Creating Cordial Relationship with the Relevant Publics: A Study of A.B.U./MTN Library Connect”, examined the use of MTN Foundation Connect Library in institutions of higher learning in Nigeria. The purpose of the investigation is to determine whether or not MTN achieved a cordial relationship with Ahmadu Bello University Community which is one of the beneficiaries of the Project. Survey research design was adopted for the study with questionnaire as the instrument to elicit data from 120 respondents in twelve (12) Faculties of the University, comprising 100 from the Main campus, and 20 from Kongo campus. Findings reveal that, majority of the students appreciate the services rendered by the A.B.U./MTN Library Connect. Further findings indicate that the MTN Library Connect is effective as it helps the telecom company to carry out its corporate social responsibility by creating and maintaining cordial relationship as well as providing students with the necessary facilities which enable them to carry out their research. Findings also indicate that training of users on how to use the facility has been a major challenge. The study therefore recommends among others that the MTN Management should intensify efforts in creating more awareness about training students and extension of space to accommodate more students, provision of more systems and servers to cater for the ever-increasing number of students in the University.
Page(s): 673-682 Date of Publication: 13 December 2021
Ben Odeba
Directorate of Academic Planning, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Jennifer I. Osazuwa
Directorate of Public Affairs, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
[1] Ajala, V. (2005), Public Relations: in Search of Professional Excellence, Revised Edition, Ibadan: Africa Link Publishers.
[2] Akande, F. (1999, 2001), . Principles and Techniques of Public Relations, Lagos: Fest Communications.
[3] Black, S. (1990). Introduction of Public relations London: Modino Press.
[4] Cutlip, M., and Broom, M. (1985). Effective Public relations, 6th Ed. New Jersey: Patience Hall Inc.
[5] Daramola, I. (2003). Introduction to Mass Communication, 2nd Ed. Lagos: Rothan Ltd.
[6] Haywood, R. (1984). All About Public Relations. Britain: McGraw-Hill Book Company Ltd.
[7] Holme, L. and Watt, R. (2005). Making Good Business Sense. London: Englewood Cliffs.
[8] Johston, E., and Zawawi, M. (2004). Public Relations; Theory and Practice. Australia: Allen and Unwin Publishers.
[9] James, E. et al. (2004). Managing Public Relations, Orlando: Harcourt Brace Publishers.
[10] Lesly, P. (1991). Public Relations Handbook, 2nd Ed. New York: Prentice-Hall Inc.
[11] MTN Foundation. (2006). Improving the quality of Life in Our Communities.
[12] Ngu, S. M. (2005). Research Methodology: Made Simple for Social and Behavioural Science. Kaduna: Shereef Salam Press.
[13] Nichols, I. (1992). The Corporate Image Strategies for effective Identity Programmes. London: Kogan Page Ltd.
[14] Nwosum I. (1998). Public Relations Management. Port Harcourt: Domician Publisher.
[15] Oxley, H. (1987). Principles of Public Relations. London: Kogan Press Ltd.
[16] Peil, S. (1982). Social Science Research Method. Londan: Hodder and Stronghen Publishers.
[17] Seitel, F. (1987). The Practice of Public Relation, 3rd Ed. Columbus: Ohio, Merrill publishing Company.
[18] Wilcox, D. et al. (1998). Public Relations Strategies and Tactics, 3rd Ed. New York: Hereer Collins Publishers.
[19] Wimmer, R. D. and Dominick, J. R. (1987). Mass Media Research; An Introduction, 2nd Ed. California: Wadsworth.
[20] Yusuf, F. A. (1993). Public Relations as a Management Function. Lagos Talkback Publishers.
Ben Odeba, and Jennifer I. Osazuwa, “The Role of Public Relations in Creating Cordial Relationship with the Relevant Publics: A Study of A.B.U/MTN Library Connect” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.673-682 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51138
Download PDF
The Need for Developed Universal Intellectual Traits on Mitigating Teenage Pregnancy
John Kibwage Nyangaresi – November 2021- Page No.: 683-686
The role of developed universal intellectual traits is to impart curable skills necessary for curbing teenage pregnancy. It is however; legitimate to captivate analytical and philosophical precaution processes that are weightily anchored on man’s faculty of correct reasoning. This article therefore examines the need for developed universal intellectual traits on mitigating teenage pregnancyin schools. The article appeals to the implications of Richard Paul & Linda Elder in addressing teenage pregnancy. The article used analytical Method of Philosophical consultancy and analysis. The study pinpoints out that if teenage pregnancy is to be addressed once for all, then educators must infuse Universal intellectual traits without omitting or commissioning any of the following: intellectual humility, intellectual autonomy, intellectual integrity, intellectual courage, and intellectual perseverance confidence in reason, intellectual empathy, and intellectual fair-mindedness. Universal intellectual traits triggers the faculty of reasoning among teenagers, concerned stakeholder and even sexual perpetrators to be critical thinkers in resolving and solving social problems like teenage pregnancy in a more logical, valid and sound manner.
Page(s): 683-686 Date of Publication: 13 December 2021
John Kibwage Nyangaresi
Department of Educational Foundations, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P. O. BOX 190-50100, Kakamega, Kenya
[1] Kirchengast, S. (2016). Teenage pregnancies: a worldwide social and medical problem. An Analysis of Contemporary Social Welfare Issues, 13.
[2] WHO. (2020). Adolescent pregnancy. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy. Accessed on 12 May 2021.
[3] Treffers, P. E. (2003). Teenage pregnancy, a worldwide problem. Nederlandstijdschriftvoorgeneeskunde, 147(47), 2320-2325.
[4] UNFPA. (2018). Teenage Pregnancy in Kenya. Global Reproductive Health. https://dukecenterforglobalreproductivehealth.org/2018/10/25/teen-pregnancy-inkenya/#:~:text=A%20United%20Nations%20Population%20Fund,2016%20and%20June%20this%20year.&text=The%20counties%20with%20the%20highest,of%20its%20teenagers%20became%20pregnant
[5] AFIDEP. (2020). Teen pregnancy in Kenya: Verifying the data and the facts. https://www.afidep.org/news-release-teen-pregnancy-in-kenya-verifying-the-data-and-the-acts/#:~:text=A%20quick%20trend%20analysis%20shows,to%208%2C109%20cases%20last%20year.
[6] El Othman, R., El Othman, R., Hallit, R., Obeid, S., &Hallit, S. (2020). Personality traits, emotional intelligence and decision-making styles in Lebanese universities medical students. BMC psychology, 8(1), 1-14.
[7] Kauka, E. O. (2015). The need for enhanced critical thinking among Kenyan secondary school students as a solution to the problem of drug abuse (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
[8] Elder, L., & Paul, R. (2008). Critical thinking: Strategies for improving student learning. Journal of Developmental Education, 32(1), 32.
[9] Blackburn, J. (2000). Understanding Paulo Freire: Reflections on the origins, concepts, and possible pitfalls of his educational approach. Community Development Journal, 35(1), 3-15.
[10] Paul, R. (2005). The state of critical thinking today. New directions for community colleges, 2005(130), 27-38.
[11] Nosich, G. M. (2012). Learning to think things through: A guide to critical thinking across the curriculum.
[12] Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2013). Critical Thinking: Intellectual Standards Essential to Reasoning Well within Every Domain of Human Thought, Part Two. Journal of developmental education, 37(1), 32.
[13] Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2009). Critical Thinking Concepts and Tools. Tomales. CA: Foundation for Critical Thinking. And-The Elements of Reasoning and the Intellectual Standards: Helping Students Assess Their Thinking.
[14] Wood, L., & Hendricks, F. (2017). A participatory action research approach to developing youth-friendly strategies for the prevention of teenage pregnancy. Educational action research, 25(1), 103-118.
[15] Alcoff, L. M. (2002). Does the public intellectual have intellectual integrity? Metaphilosophy, 33(5), 521-534.
[16] Narayan, U. (2018). Minds of their own: Choices, autonomy, cultural practices, and other women. In A mind of one’s own (pp. 418-432). Routledge.
[17] Thobejane, T. D. (2015). Factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in South Africa: The case of Matjitjileng Village. Journal of Sociology and Social Anthropology, 6(2), 273-277.
John Kibwage Nyangaresi “The Need for Developed Universal Intellectual Traits on Mitigating Teenage Pregnancy” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.683-686 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/683-686.pdf
Download PDF
Jumping Over the Fence: The Stories of Senior High School Students
Herdin Gray Intervencion Cutab- November 2021- Page No.: 687-691
Jumping over the fence is a long-time problem not only in the school but also worldwide. For this reason, this study was conducted to determine the cause of the problem and provide implications. With the use of phenomenological research design, data gathered using Focus Group Discussion and In-Depth Interviews from the ten (10) purposively selected participants reveal that their reasons include boredom, bullying, recreation and preoccupation. Despite this, they also feared academic lag, and parental expectations. The findings of the research also reveal that the jumpers also faced several negative and positive consequences. In the light of these findings, implications and recommendations were presented in this manuscript.
Page(s): 687-691 Date of Publication: 14 December 2021
Herdin Gray Intervencion Cutab
Department of Education, Tagum City Division, Philippines
[1] Adams, m. (2015, January 15). Five-year-old leaves school unnoticed by jumping fence and walking half a mile home. Education.
[2] Bledsoe, S., & Baskin, J. (2015, April 27). Strategies for Addressing Student Fear in the Classroom. Teachaing and Learning.
[3] Briggs, S. (2015, October 10). Informed. Retrieved from https://www.opencolleges.edu.au/: https://www.opencolleges.edu.au/informed/features/refuse-to-be-a-boring-teacher/`
[4] Davis, B. (2021, May 3). MV Organizing. Retrieved from https://www.mvorganizing.org/: https://www.mvorganizing.org/what-are-the-causes-of-skipping-classes/
[5] Davis, R. (2021, September 28). Best Colleges. Retrieved from https://www.bestcolleges.com/: https://www.bestcolleges.com/resources/top-5-mental-health-problems-facing-college-students/
[6] Diamantakos, C. (2017, July 25). Clear Cut Fitness. Retrieved from https://www.clearcut-fitness.com/: https://www.clearcut-fitness.com/blog/2017/7/25/how-long-should-you-rest-in-between-sets
[7] Etler, C. (2018, November 8). What to Do if Your Teen Is Cutting Class. Parenting.
[8] Fernando, S. (2019, December 5). Factors that affects class cutting. Parenting.
[9] Genovia, S. (2019). Number of Jumpers in Jose Tuason Jr. Memorial National High School. Tagum.
[10] Gordon, S. (2021, February 27). Very Well Family. Retrieved from https://www.verywellfamily.com/: https://www.verywellfamily.com/reasons-why-victims-of-bullying-do-not-tell-460784
[11] Gosline, A. (2007, February 26). Scientific American. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-science-of-boredom/
[12] Hoehn, T. (2020, September 24). Mayo Clinic Health System. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/: https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/prevent-boredom-and-injury-during-physical-activity
[13] John Hopkins University. (2021). John Hopkins University. Retrieved from https://jhsap.org/: https://jhsap.org/self_help_resources/school-life_balance/`
[14] Lee, L. (2016, July 16). National Home Education Research Institute. Retrieved from https://www.nheri.org/: https://www.nheri.org/home-school-researcher-cutting-class-experiences-of-gifted-adolescents-who-switched-to-homeschooling/
[15] Lyness, D. (2015, July). Nemours Kids’ Health. Retrieved from https://kidshealth.org/: https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/peer-pressure.html
[16] McBride, M. (2016, May 31). Protective. Retrieved from https://profence.com.au/.
[17] Mondares, L., Baring, T., Marikit, M., & Dayday, A. (2019). The Cause and Effect of Cutting Classes Towards The Academic Performance of Junior High Students of Maya National.
[18] Morin, A. (2020, July 18). Very Well Family. Retrieved from https://www.verywellfamily.com/: https://www.verywellfamily.com/reasons-kids-are-bored-at-school-620804
[19] Musgrove, L. (2016, May 24). Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved from https://www.insidehighered.com/: https://www.insidehighered.com/advice/2016/05/24/importance-teaching-students-not-fear-essay
[20] Patchin, J. (2017, January 3). Cyberbullying Research Center. Retrieved from https://cyberbullying.org/: https://cyberbullying.org/millions-students-skip-school-year-bullying
[21] Richmond, E. (2012, August 30). Who’s Really Skipping School? Education.
[22] Scudamore, B. (2016, April 27). Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/: https://www.forbes.com/sites/brianscudamore/2016/04/27/4-ways-cutting-class-made-me-a-better-entrepreneur/?sh=6db52f236779
[23] Siytangco, A. (2019, June 24). Reports of students cutting classes just to go to internet shops alarm QC councilors. Education.
[24] Spocchia, G. (2021, May 11). Boy, 11, jumps from bus ‘to avoid bullying’: ‘He could have lost his life’. Americas.
[25] Taylor, L. (2012). Cutting Class Harms Grades. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education.
[26] Unicef. (2019). Online bullying remains prevalent in the Philippines, other countries. Unicef.
[27] Wood, B. (2021). Classroom. Retrieved from https://classroom.synonym.com/: https://classroom.synonym.com/pros-cons-lengthening-school-day-8209249.html
Herdin Gray Intervencion Cutab, “Jumping Over the Fence: The Stories of Senior High School Students” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.687-691 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51139
Download PDF
Exploring Innovative Ways of Protecting the “Soft Targets” in Volatile Countries: The Experience of Children and Women in Northeast of Nigeria
Prof. Madu Magnus Emeka – November 2021- Page No.: 692-699
Currently, the most crucial challenge facing Nigeria is insecurity of lives and properties of the citizens .The situation has become more complicated and unbearable, particularly in Northeast of Nigeria where terrorist group, called Boko Haram which in Housa language means Western education is evil and the group fighting to establish an Islamic State of West Africa in Nigeria, resorts to the abduction of teenage girls, boys and women and use them as soldiers, suicide bombers and human shields in battles against Nigerian troops. Despite all the efforts, the abduction, recruitment and usage of children and women for insurgent activities by those terrorists continue to escalate. Thus, the work intends to explore the better ways of safeguarding Nigeria children and women from access, attack, recruitment and usage by insurgents. It also explores the ways and means of sustaining institutions and businesses in Nigeria from insurgent’s destruction. In the course of the work, both empirical and library methods of data collection were utilized. Empirically, personal interviews and roundtable discussions were conducted on the top security operatives, political and community leaders as well people of various backgrounds. In the process, the responses, views and opinions of people interviewed and information from secondary sources were analyzed by drawing inferences and conclusions to uphold, reject or as supporting information to the research question in order to provide answers to the objectives of the work. The researcher recommends that in Nigeria, communities should organise community security systems where everyone is suspicious as well as a suspect due to the nature of membership of Boko Haram where even some members of the communities forms parts of the group. In addition, security gadgets should be mounted at every strategic point to monitor movements, actions and activities at strategic targets such as schools, shops, motor parks, markets and public gatherings. In the process, security scanning and checking devices should be utilised to checkmate people with dangerous materials that can be used to kill and inflict injuries on people. Above all, as there are insinuations that even Nigerian enforcement officials are playing double standards in the fight against the insurgents, the central government should find new ways of recruiting the fighters of the insurgents. Furthermore, though the insurgents are non-state actors, the international community should find ways of including protective treaties that will restrict the insurgents from capturing children and women and using them for military purposes. The work is presented qualitatively.
Page(s): 692-699 Date of Publication: 14 December 2021
Prof. Madu Magnus Emeka
Department of Political Science, Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria
[1] Adam Nossiter (2015)“Boko Haram Militants Raped Hundreds of Female Captives in Nigeria, ”New York Times, May 18, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/19/world/africa/boko-haram-
[2] Angela Dalton and Victor Asal, (2011) “Is It Ideology or Desperation: Why Do Organizations Deploy Women in Violent Terrorist Attacks?,’’ Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 34, no. 10 : 802-819
[3] Benjamin S. Eveslage (2012) “Clarifying Boko Haram’s Transnational Intentions, Using Content Analysis of Public Statements in 2012,” Perspectives on Terrorism 7, No. 5 (October 2013).
[4] Charlotte Alfred (2015) “How Boko Haram Uses Female Suicide Bombers to Terrorize Nigeria, ”The Huffington Post, February 28.
[5] Dara K. Cohen, (2015) “The Reach of Rape: Does Mass Rape Affect How Wars End and What Comes Next?” (Research for Peace Conference at the Folke Bernadotte Academy, Stockholm, Sweden, June 9).
[6] Dara Kay, Cohen and Ragnhild Nordås (2015), “Do States Delegate Shameful Violence to Militias? Patterns of Sexual Violence in Recent Armed Conflicts,” Journal of Conflict Resolution 59, no. 5 : 877-898.
[7] Edith M. Lederer (2015) “Sexual Violence Becomes Favorite Tool of Torture for Extremist Groups Like ISIS and Boko Haram: Report,” The Huffington Post, April 14, 2015,
[19] Senator Iroegbu (2024), “Kano Bombings Traced to Female Beggars,” This Day, August 4,
[20] Tulip Mazumdar (2015) “Chibok Girls ‘Forced to Join Nigeria’s Boko Haram,’” BBC, June 29, 2015,http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-33259003
Prof. Madu Magnus Emeka, “Exploring Innovative Ways of Protecting the “Soft Targets” in Volatile Countries: The Experience of Children and Women in Northeast of Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.692-699 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51140
Download PDF
Tendering Confidentiality and Procurement Performance at Kenya Electricity Generating Company
John Gichuki Kahare; Dennis Chege – November 2021- Page No.: 700-704
Procurement challenges including loss of public funds have become very common in the public sector where the public civil servants have colluded with suppliers of goods and works often to misappropriate public money. The purpose of this study was to establish the influence that ethics has on the procurement performance of State Corporation in Kenya. The study specifically sought to establish the influence that tendering confidentiality has on procurement performance at Kenya Kenya Electricity Generating Company PLC (KenGen).The population of the study included 381 procurement staff in Kenya in the two levels of management (middle and operational level of management). The probabilistic sampling method through the Taro Yamane formula was used to yield a sample of 195. The study was descriptive, data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire with Likert questions. Data was collected specifically in the headquarters in Nairobi. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics (frequency, standard deviation, mean, and percentages) and inferential analysis through the ordinary least square method. The study found that tendering confidentiality influenced procurement performance (F= 54.416, p<0.001). The study also concluded that tendering confidentiality had had a positive and significant influence on procurement performance at KenGen. The study recommended for protection of intellectual property during tendering, the composition of tendering committee by members who are independent and no-partisan, and people of integrity while safeguarding information regarding the tendering documents and processes away from tenderers.
Page(s): 700-704 Date of Publication: 14 December 2021
John Gichuki Kahare
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
Dennis Chege
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Kenya
[1] Adow, I. M., Edabu, P., & Kimamo, G. (2020). Influence of Compliance with Ethical Procurement Practices on Management of Public Secondary School Resources in Mandera County, Kenya. American Journal of Educational Research, 8(3), 132-141.http://article.scieducationalresearch.com/pdf/education-8-3-2.pdf
[2] Cheboi, J. K. (2014). Procurement legislation and procurement performance: a case of Kenya national highways authority [Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi].http://41.204.161.209/handle/11295/74813
[3] Kavanagh, P. (2016). A case for negotiated performance-based contracting rather than competitive tendering in government public transport (bus) service procurement. Research in Transportation Economics, 59, (6), 313-322.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0739885915300901
[4] Kitheka, S. S. (2018). Influence of Sourcing Ethics on Procurement Performance of State Corporations in Kenya. [Doctoral dissertation, Jomo Kenyata University Of Agriculture and Technology].http://41.89.128.50/handle/123456789/17436
[5] Makali, J. (2015). Ethics and procurement performance of humanitarian organizations in Kenya. [Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi]. erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/94607
[6] Mbae, L. N. (2014). Public procurement law and procurement performance of county governments in Kenya: Case of Machakos county government. [Doctoral dissertation,University ofNairobi].https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers.aspx?referenceid 2257738
[7] Miles, S. (2017). Stakeholder theory classification: A theoretical and empirical evaluation of definitions. Journal of Business Ethics, 142(3), 437-459.https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10551-015-2741-y.pdf
[8] Mohd Nawi, M. N., Deraman, R., Bamgbade, J. A., Zulhumadi, F., & Mehdi Riazi, S. R. (2017). E-procurement in Malaysian construction industry: benefits and challenges in implementation. International Journal of Supply Chain Management (IJSCM), 6(1), 209-213.http://repo.uum.edu.my/21949/
[9] Musyoka, D. K. (2017). Procurement Ethics and Organizational Performance of Animal Feeds Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. [Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi].http://41.204.161.209/handle/11295/102709
[10] Nganu, D. M., & Mwangangi, P. (2019). Influence of Procurement Practices on Performance of State Corporations in Kenya. International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics, 3(1), 76-100. https://carijournals.org/journals/index.php/IJSCL/article/view/285/0
[11] Organizations in Kenya. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 8(4), 833-849. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2018.84058
[12] Panda, B., & Leepsa, N. M. (2017). Agency theory: Review of theory and evidence on problems and perspectives. Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, 10(1), 74-95.https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0974686217701467
[13] Republic of Kenya. (2018). Supplies Manual: Government Printer, Nairobi. https://www.health.go.ke/resources/guidelines-and-manuals/
[14] Republic of Kenya. (2019).The Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Act, 2015. Government printer. ppra.go.ke/ppda/
[15] Simiyu, V., Keitany, P., & Mukanzi, C. (2018). Influence of supplier evaluation ethical practice on supply chain performance among G4s transport and logistics firms in western Kenya.International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH), 5(4), 185-203.https://www.paperpublications.org/upload/book/INFLUENCE%20OF%20SUPPLIER%20EVALUATION-1260.pdf
[16] Sunmola, F. T., & Shehu, Y. U. (2020). A Case Study on Performance Features of Electronic Tendering Systems. Procedia Manufacturing, 51, (2), 1586-1591.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351978920320928
[17] Syengo, J. (2015). Ethical practices and supply chain Performance at Kenya revenue authority. [Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi]. erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/11295/94774/jossineter_final%20(1). df?sequence=1
John Gichuki Kahare; Dennis Chege “Tendering Confidentiality and Procurement Performance at Kenya Electricity Generating Company” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.700-704 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/700-704.pdf
Download PDF
The impact of development control enforcement activities on housing quality in Calabar, Nigeria
Otop Oquah Otop (Ph.D), Ibok, Akarawak Nduonyikoyo (Ph.D)- November 2021- Page No.: 705-710
This study assessed the impact of development control enforcement activities on housing quality in Calabar, Nigeria. The Data was collected using 400 copies of questionnaire, using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. The primary sources of data was employed were obtained from direct field measurement using a designed checklist from Cross River State building regulations, 1984 as amended in 1987 and questionnaire survey to determine building code violations, factors, location or spread and level of violations. The hypothesis was formulated and tested using analysis of chi square. The result stated that housing quality does not significantly depend on development control measures. Since the calculated value X2(6.830) is less than the tabulated X2 (18.31), the null hypotheses (H0) was accepted. The findings were that one of the major problems of unregulated development causing serious traffic congestion and flooding
Page(s): 705-710 Date of Publication: 15 December 2021
Otop Oquah Otop (Ph.D)
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria
Ibok, Akarawak Nduonyikoyo (Ph.D)
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria
[1] Abumere, S. (1987): “Urbanisation and Urban Decay in Nigeria”; in Oniboku, AG, Olokesusi, F, and Egunyobi, Layi (eds) Urban Renewal in Nigeria. NISER CURP Urban and Regional Planning Series. Vol. IV; pp 19 – 32. Femsod Industrial Press, Ibadan, Nigeria.
[2] Adeagbo, D (1997): “Nigerian Housing”. In Adedotun O. Phillips and Tunji Titilola (eds), Nigeria in 2010, MSER, Ibadan pp. 195 – 206.
[3] Alao, N. (2006) Housing location process and policy intricacies.The effect of slums. Nigeria Geographical Journal .20(1),26-35
[4] Arima, B. C. (2002): “The Effects of Deficient Infrastructure on Health Outcomes of Cities of Developing Countries” in Valarie Schulz (ed) Urbanisation and The Transition to Sustainability; IHOP Proceedings No. 6, Held BetweenJune 2 – 15, in Bonn, Germany pp. 26 – 27.
[5] Baba, J. M. and Jinadu, A. M. (2001): analysis of spatial variation in the Occurrence of Housing Environment. Related Diseases in Minna Metropolis. A technical paper submitted to the University Board of Research; July 2001.
[6] Ekpoh, I. J. (2003). Environment: continuity and change, St. Paul’s publishing and printing Coy, Calabar.
[7] Eni, D.D (1998) Slums as an index in socio-economic deprivation in Nigeria cities. A case study of Calabar municipality unpublished Ph.D Dissertation. Department of Geography and Regional Planning University of Calabar, Nigeria.
[8] George, C.k.(1999). Basic Principles and Methods of Urban and Regional Planning. Libro-Gem Publishers Lagos, Nigeria.
[9] Habitat (2003): An urbanizing world, Global Report on human Settlements, OUP, Oxford
[10] Housing Act (1997) National Housing Policy (2000).Draft on National Housing Policy for Nigeria, Lagos Federal Ministry of Works and Housing, Urban and Regional Planning Division.
[11] Nigerian Population Commission (2006). Population census.
[12] Obot, J. U. (1983). Spatial transport development planning and squatter settlement in Calabar municipality, London. African Urban Studies 13, 105-110
[13] UN-Habitat (2006) Regulatory Framework and Strategic Urban Planning and Management, A Paper presented at the African Ministerial Conference on Housing and Urban Development in Nairobi, April 3 – 4, 2006, available at http://www.unhabitat.org, assessed in October 3, 2008.
[14] United Nation Report (1991). Urban Land Policies and Land Use Control Measures, Vol.8, Pp 5 -7. New York.
[15] Uyanga, J. (2003): Environmental Deterioration and Policy Issues in Health Planning in Nigeria, in Adinna, E. N. Ekop, O. B. and Attah, V. I. (eds), Environmental Pollution and Environment in the Tropics, Enugu: SNAAP Press Ltd.
[16] World Bank, (2005). Infrastructure for development, world development report, New York,Oxford University Press
[17] World Commission on Environment and Development (1987).Our common future(New York:Oxford University Press)
[18] World Health Organization (1961). Expert Committee on the Public Health Aspect of Housing Geneva, Oxford University Press
Otop Oquah Otop (Ph.D), Ibok, Akarawak Nduonyikoyo (Ph.D), “The impact of development control enforcement activities on housing quality in Calabar, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.705-710 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51141
Download PDF
The Efficacy of Procurement Strategies on Operational Performance of Humanitarian Organisations during Covid-19 Lockdown Period in Zimbabwe
Dumisani Mawonde and Josphat Nyoni – November 2021- Page No.: 711-715
The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy of procurement strategies on operational performance of humanitarian organisations in Zimbabwe during the Covid-19 lockdown period. A mixed-method approach was used, with a randomly chosen sample of 28 supply chain professionals from a population of 30 humanitarian aid organizations who responded to the questionnaire and interviews. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis for Moment Structures (AMOS) programs were used to analyse quantitative data while thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data from interviews. The findings were that local sourcing; electronic procurement and multiple sourcing had a significant positive effect on inventory levels, operating costs and material availability. The study concluded that local sourcing; electronic procurement and multiple sourcing have a positive and significant effect on operational performance of humanitarian organisations during the Covid-19 lockdown period in Zimbabwe. Therefore the study recommended humanitarian organisations in Zimbabwe to source locally, procure electronically and to source from multiple suppliers during the Covid-19 lockdown period as concluded by the study that doing so is critical in improving operational performance.
Page(s): 711-715 Date of Publication: 15 December 2021
Dumisani Mawonde
Women’s University in Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe
Josphat Nyoni
Women’s University in Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe
[1] Berg, K. & Latin, R., (2008). Essentials of research methods in health, physical education, exercise, science and recreation. 3rd edition. Blatimore: Lippincott Wiliams and Wilkins.
[2] Berthod, O., (2017). ‘Global Encyclopaedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance’, pp. 1–5. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5.
[3] Biklen, S.K. & Bogdan, R.C., (2003). Qualitative research of Education: An introductive to theories and mehods. 4th Edition. Boston and Bacon.
[4] Bridgefield group (2006). Bridgefield group erp/supply chain (SC) glossary. Online available: htt://bridgefieldgroup.com/bridgefieldgroup/glos7.htm.
[5] Byrne, B.M. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming (2nd Edition). New York: Taylor and Francis Group Publication.
[6] Chandler, D., & Hwang, H. (2015). Learning from Learning Theory: A Model of Organizational Adoption of Organizational Strategies at the Micro Foundations of Institutional Theory.
[7] Cohen, L., Manion, L. & Morisson, K., (2007). Research in education. 6th ed. Routledge: s.n
[8] Cohen, D. & Cabtree, B., (2008). Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Available online at: http://www.qualres.org/Homeinte-3516.html
[9] Covi-19 content hub at www.pwc.com/ng/covid-19
[10] Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: qualitative, quantitative and mixed approaches. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
[11] DiMaggio, P., & Powell, W. (1983). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. American Sociological Review.
[12] Emergence response report (2020).
[13] Eves, H., (1990). Foundations and Fundamental Concepts of Mathematics. 3rd Edition. Boston: PWS – Kent Publishing.
[14] Fox, N., (2011). “Induction”. The encyclopedia of qualitative research.s.l: Sage Publications.
[15] Gardner, S., (2009). Thinking Your Way to Freedom: A Guide to Owning Your Own Practical Reasoning. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
[16] Golafshani, N. (2003). ‘Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research’, 8(4), pp. 597–606.
[17] Hana, D., (2020). The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on humanitarian aid operations in Jordan. Brattleboro, Vermont, USA.
[18] Hair J. F., Bush R. P., & Ortinau D. J. (2010). Marketing Research within a Changing Information Environment. 2nd Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies.
[19] Heizer, J. R. (2008). Principles of operation management. PA: pearson prentice hall.
[20] Heaslip, G., (2016). Humanitarian aid supply chains. In global logistics and supply chain management.
[21] Heaslip, G., Kovacs, G., & Haavisto, I., (2018). Cash based response in relief: The impact for humanitarian logistics. Journal of humanitarian logistics and emergency management.
[22] Heizer, J.R. (2008). Principles of operation management.PA: pearson prentice hall.
[23] Hesse-Biber, S. & Leavy, P., (2011). The Practice of Qualitative Research. 4 ed.Carlifornia: Sage.
[24] Hoyle, R.H. (1995). Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. London: SAGE.
[25] International Living Future Institute Report, (2000).
[26] Ivanov, D., (2020) predicting the impact of epidemic outbreaks on global supply chains: a simulaton based analysis on the corona-virus outbreak (Covid-19/SARS-CoV-2) case. Transportation research part E.
[27] Joppe, M., (2000). The research process. Retrieved February 25, 1998, from http://www.ryerson.ca/mjoppe/rp.htm.
[28] Jupp, V., (2006). The Sage Dictionary of Social Research Methods. 1ed. London: Sage Publications.
[29] Kasi, P., (2009). Research. What, Why and How. 1ed.Bloomington: Author House.
[30] Kauppi, K. (2013). Extending the Use of Institutional Theory in Operations and Supply Chain Management Research Review and Research Suggestions. International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
[31] Kothari, C.R., (1995). Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Delhi: New Age International Ltd Publishers.
[32] Kovacs, G & Sigala, I.F., (2020) lessons learned from humanitarian logistics to manage supply chain disruptions. Journal of Supply Chain Management. Wiley Periodicals.
[33] Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. D. W., (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and psychological measurement.
[34] Li, X., Rupy, S., Jafar, N. & Ninad, P., (2017). Supply Chain Resilience for Single and Multiple Sourcing in the Presence of Disruption Risks. International Journal of Production Research.DOI: 10.1080/00207543.2017.1370149.
[35] Lysons & Farrington (2006). Purchasing and supply chain management. London: Prentice Hall.
[36] Mandal, S., (2015). Single or Multiple Sourcing. A mathematical approach to decision making: International Journal of Business and Management Invention.
[37] Maqbool, A., & Khan, N.Z., (2020). Analysisng barriers for implementation of public health and social measures to prevent the transmission of Covid-19 disease using DEMATEL method. Diabetes Metab.Syndr. Clin. Res. Rev.
[38] Mayfield, M., (2010). Thinking for Yourself. 8th Edition: Wadsworth.
[39] Masson, R., Losif, G., McKerron, L. & Fernie, J., (2007). Managing complexity in gile fashion industry supply chains. International Journal of Logistics Management.
[40] Monette, D., Sullivan, T. & Dejong, C., (2011). Applied social research: tools for the human services.London: Harcourt College Publishers.
[41] Munharo, S., Edet, A.A., Friday, A.E., Maradze, T.C., Ahmadi, A., & Luceso-Prisno, D.E., (2021). Impact of Covid-19 on supply chains in Zimbabwe. Journal of Public Health International. Doi: 10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-21-3824.
[42] Nachtigall, C., Kroehne, U., Funke, F., & Steyer, R., (2003). Pros and Cons of Structural Equation Modeling: Methods of Psychological Research Online 2003, Vol.8, No.2, pp. 1-22.
[43] Nunnally, J. C. & I. Bernstein (1994).”The assessment of reliability.” Psychometric theory 3: 248-292.
[44] Presutti, W.D. (2003). Supply chain management and e-procurement: creating value added in the supply chain. Industrial Marketing Management.
[45] Queiroz, M.M., Ivanov, D., Dologui, A., & Fosso, W. (2020). Impacts of epidemic outbreaks on supply chains: mapping a research agenda amid the Covid-19 pandemic through a structured literature review. Annals of operations research. doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03685-7.
[46] Render B., & Heizer J., (1997). Principles of Operations Management. Prentice-Hall, Inc. New Jersey.
[47] Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C. M., & Ormston, R., (2014). Qualitative research practice: a guide for social science students and researchers. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
[48] Rukasha, T. Nyagadza, B. Pashapa, R. & Muposhi, A., (2021). Covid-19 impact on Zimbabwean agricultural supply chains and markets: A sustainable livelihoods perspective. Cogent Social Sciences.
[49] Sabri, Y., Zarei, M.H. & Harland, C. (2019). Using collaborative research methodologies in humanitarian supply chains. J. Humanitarian. Logistics. Supply Chain Management, 371–409.
[50] Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R., (2009). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach. (4th ed. ed.). New York: John Wiley and Sons.
[51] Sekaran, U., (2003). Research Methods for Business: 4th Edition. Hermitage Publishing Services. U.S.A.
[52] Sternberg, R., (2009). Cognitive Psychology. Belmont: Wedsworth.
[53] Tones, K. & Green, J., (2005). Health Promotion: Planning and Strategies. 1 ed. London: Sage.
[54] Trochim, W., (2008). Research methods knowledge base. [online] Available at: http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/dedind.php [Accessed 20 August 2014].
[55] Trochim, W., (2008). Research methods knowledge base. [Online] Available at: http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/dedind.php [Accessed 26 May 2014].
[56] United Nations Development Programme (2021). Policy Brief. A preliminary assessment of the socio-economic impact of corona-virus (Covid-19) on Zimbabwe.
[57] Vaast, E., & Walsham, G. (2009). Trans-situated learning: Supporting a network of practice with an information infrastructure. Information Systems Research.
[58] Vega, D., (2019). Case studies in humanitarian logistics research. J. Humanitarian. Logistics. Supply chain management.
[59] Walliman, N., (2011). Research methods, the basics. New York U.S.A: Routledge:
[60] Widd, J., & Diggines, C. (2009). Marketing Research. South Africa: Print Communications.
[61] Wimmer, R. & Dominik, J., (2014). Mass Media Research. 10th edition. Boston: Wadsworth.
[62] Woodside, A., (2010). Organisational culture, business-to-business relationships, and interfirm networks. 16 edition. Bingley: Emrald group.
[63] World Food Programme (2020). “Update on the impact of Covid-19 on food and nutrition security in West and Central Africa”.
[64] Zeidy, I.A., (2020). A special report on macroeconomic impacts of Covid-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa. Common Markets for Eastern and Southern Africa.
Dumisani Mawonde and Josphat Nyoni, “The Efficacy of Procurement Strategies on Operational Performance of Humanitarian Organisations during Covid-19 Lockdown Period in Zimbabwe” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.711-715 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/711-715.pdf
Download PDF
The Effect of Sustainable Procurement Practices On Procurement Efficiency in Mining Companies in Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe
Tarisai Nduna, Dumisani Mawonde and Josphat Nyoni – November 2021- Page No.: 716-719
This study aimed to investigate the effects of sustainable procurement practices on procurement efficiency in the mining sector in Zimbabwe. A qualitative research approach was employed where interviews were conducted with 10 key informants in mining companies. The findings of the study were that supplier training, whole life cycle costing, procurement of recyclable products and environmentally friendly products have positive effects on procurement efficiency. The study concluded that supplier training, product whole life cycle costing, procurement of recyclable products, and the procurement of environmentally friendly products have a positive effect on procurement efficiency in mining companies in Zimbabwe. The study recommended mining companies to increase the recycling of purchased products and to use environmentally friendly products in order to minimize costs.
Page(s): 716-719 Date of Publication: 15 December 2021
Tarisai Nduna
Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe
Dumisani Mawonde
Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe
Josphat Nyoni
Women’s University in Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe
[1] Benard, M. (2015). ‘A Comparative Study on Sustainable Procurement Practices in Sisal Processing Firms in Nakuru County’. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 3(5), p. 453. DOI: 10.11648/j.ijefm.20150305.16.
[2] Berthod, O., (2017). ‘Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance’, pp. 1–5. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5.
[3] Chari, F. & Chiriseri, L., (2014). ‘Barriers to Sustainable Procurement in Zimbabwe’, 4(1), pp. 14-018. Available at: www.gjournals.org.
[4] Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply Level 5 (2012)
[5] CIPS and NIGP – (2012).
[6] Gelderman, C. J, Semeijn, J, & Vluggen, R., (2017). ‘Development of sustainability in public sector procurement’, Public Money and Management, 37(6), pp. 435–442. DOI: 10.1080/09540962.2017.1344027.
[7] Golafshani, N. (2003). ‘Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research, 8(4), pp. 597–606.
[8] Hervani, A. A., Helms, M. M. & Sarkis, J. (2005). ‘Performance measurement for green supply chain management, Benchmarking: An International Journal, 12(4), pp. 330–353. DOI: 10.1108/14635770510609015.
[9] Hu, C. C. et al. (2018). ‘T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to distinguish between concurrent cholesterol granuloma and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: A case report’, American Journal of Case Reports, 19(December), pp. 593–598. DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.909161.
[10] Hussein, R. I. & Shale I.N (2014). ‘Effects of Sustainable Procurement Practices on OrganisationalPerformnace in the Manufacturing Sector in Kenya: A case of Unilever Kenya Limited ‘, European Business Journal Management 1(11), pg 471-438.
[11] Islam, M. M., (2017) ‘Do sustainable procurement practices improve organizational performance?’, Sustainability (Switzerland), 9(12), pp. 1–17. DOI: 10.3390/su9122281.
[12] Kalubanga, M., (2015). ‘sustainable procurement : Concept, and Practical Implications for the Procurement Process’, (August).
[13] Kiwili, N. E. & Ismail, S. N., (2016). ‘Role od sustainable procurement practices on supply chain performance of manufacturing sector in Kenya: a case study of East African Portland cement company’, 4(3), pp. 1–31.
[14] Lakmali, T. & Jayarathne, P. (2018). ‘Economic Impacts of Applying Green Supply Chain Management Practices to Organizations in Sri Lanka’, (18), pp. 27–31.
[15] Lysons, K., & Farrington, B., (2012). Purchasing and Supply Chain Management, 7thEdition, England
[16] Lysons, K., & Farrington, B., (2016). Purchasing and Supply Chain Management, 9thEdition, England
[17] Makkonen, A., (2014). ‘The role of company’s sustainable procurement practices in conscious consumer buying behavior Case :EkotinOy’.
[18] Nderitu, K. & Ngugi, K. (2014). ‘Effects of Green Procurement Practices on an Organization Performance in Manufacturing Industry: Case Study of East African Breweries Limited’, European Journal of Business Management, 22(1), pp. 341–352. Available at: http://www.ejobm.org.
[19] Pettersson, A. (2008). ‘Measurements of efficiency in a supply chain’.
[20] Profile, S. E. E. (2014). ‘Resource-Based View (RBV) of Competitive Advantage: An Overview’.
[21] Rebolj, B. (2017). ‘Adrijana Biba Starman The case study as a type of qualitative research, (September 2014).
[22] Renukappa, S. (2016). ‘Sustainable procurement strategies for competitive advantage: an empirical study, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers – Management, Procurement and Law, 169(1), pp. 17–25. DOI: 10.1210/en.2002-221108.
[23] Lemmet S., (2012). ‘The Impacts of Sustainable Public Eight Illustrative’.
[24] Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets Act (2018).
[25] Sachs, J. D. (2012). ‘From Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals’, 379. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60685-0.
[26] Saunders, M., and Lewis, P. T. A., (2016). Research Methods for Business Students. 7th ed. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
[27] Sustainable Development Knowledge Summary.,(2012)
[28] Sustainable Procurement Guide, (2012).
[29] ‘Sustainable Procurement Guide’. (2013).
[30] Sustainable Procurement Guide of Austria (2012)
[31] Telewa, S. (2014). ‘Sustainable Procurement Practices in the Public Water Sector Institutions in Kenya’, Journal of Management and Business Studies, 2(3), pp. 19–25.
[32] Voorde, F., (2014). ‘The Effects of Sustainable Practices on Customer-Based Brand Equity, 1(11), pp. 1–14.
[33] Walker, H. and Jones, N. (2015). ‘Sustainable supply chain management across the UK private sector’, January (2012). DOI: 10.1108/13598541211212177.
[34] Wallace, A. & Omachar, A. E., (2016). ‘Effects of Green Procurement Practices on Operational Efficiency at Kenya Airways Limited, Kenya’, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 2(7), pp. 2454–1362. DOI: http://www.imperialjournals.com/index.php/IJIR/article/view/1075/1030.
[35] Weele, A. J. V., (2014). ‘The Future of Purchasing and Supply Management Research : About Relevance and Rigor Eindhoven University of Technology’, Journal of Supply Chain Management, 50(1), pp. 56–72. DOI: 10.1111/jscm.12042.
Tarisai Nduna, Dumisani Mawonde and Josphat Nyoni “The Effect of Sustainable Procurement Practices On Procurement Efficiency in Mining Companies in Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.716-719 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51142
Download PDF
Monetary Policy Instruments and Performance of Nigeria Capital Market
Ezu, Gideon Kasie PhD, Ukoh, Josephine.E, PhD- November 2021- Page No.: 720-726
Capital Market is the engine of every economy since financial intermediation are carried out through it. The study aims to carefully ascertain the effects of monetary policy rate, liquidity ratio and interest rate on the performance of Nigeria capital market. Secondary data were obtained from CBN statistical bulletin and the NSE Annual reports. The study applied the ordinary least square regression technique with E-view statistical software version 10 in which variations in market capitalization was regressed on monetary policy rate, interest rate and liquidity ratio: The analysis revealed monetary policy rate influences capital market performance significantly and thus, a strong determinant factor. Interest rate and liquidity ratio is not very significant in terms of influence on capital market performance in Nigeria. Based on the findings from this study the CBN should moderate the monetary policy rate by reducing it to single digit percentage, which will enable customers seek for more loans for investment; government should pursue a lower interest rate regimes as it negatively influenced capital market performance which would encourage investment and boost productivity of capital. The Deposit money banks should maintain an optimal level of liquidity in order to have enough funds that they will extend to the economy for investment in the capital market.
Page(s): 720-726 Date of Publication: 15 December 2021
Ezu, Gideon Kasie PhD
Department of Banking and Finance, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Ukoh, Josephine.E, PhD
Department of Banking and Finance, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
[1] Akani H.W, Lucky, A.L (2014) Money supply and aggregate stock prices in Nigeria: An analysis of co-integration and casuality Test. Research Journal of finance, 2 (10)1-24
[2] Akani, H.W & Imegi J.C (2017), monetary policy Transmission mechanism and liquidity of capital market: A time series study from Nigeria: 1981. 2016 10SR Journal of Economics and finance (10SR-JEF), 8(5), 01-24.
[3] Anthony O. Adaramola, Olugbenga, (2011). The impact of macroeconomic indicators on stock prices in Nigeria.
[4] Anyamobi Chukwuemeka (2018), Monetary policy and the performance of Nigeria Capital market: A time variant analysis.
[5] Arodoye, NL. An Econometric analysis of the impact of macroeconomic variables on stock prices in Nigeria: A vector Autogressive (VAR) model Approach: International Review of Business and social science vol 5, No 8 July 2012 (63-77).
[6] Asaolu T.O, Ogunmuyiwa M.S (2010). An econometric analysis of the impact of macroeconomic variables in stock market movement in Nigeria, Asian Journal of Business management 3(1): 72-78.
[7] Chandra ,P. (2004). Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management. New Delhi: McGraw- Hill.
[8] Chatziantoniou I, Duffy D, Filis G (2012) Stock market response to monetary and fiscal stocks. Multi country evidence. 2012.
[9] Chinedu Maurice Umezunike, Felix Nwaolisa Echekoba and Amalachukwu Chijindu Ananwude (2019). Does monetary policy affect stock market Return? Recent Evidence from the Nigeria stock Exchange (1986-2018). SAJSSE 5 (3), 1-8 (2019).
[10] Donwa P, & Odia James J (2010), An empirical analysis of the impact of the Nigeria capital market on her socio-economic development. Journal of social science 24 (2), 135-142.
[11] Echekoba F.N., A.C., & Lateef, O. (2018.) Effect of monetary policy on the performance of the Nigeria capital market (1986-2016): stylized facts from ARDL approach. Advances in Research, 14(6), 1-15.
[12] Echekoba FN, Okaro CS, Amanwude AC, Akuedo OE (2017). Monetary policy and capital market performance: An empirical evidence from Nigeria Data. Research Journal Econ 1:3
[13] Eze S. O. (2009). The effect of monetary policy on stock market performance in Nigeria.
[14] Ezu, G.K, Nwobi, C.E, Ogbonnaya-Udo, N. (2020). International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 4(10),2456-7760.
[15] Felix Nwaolisa Echekoba, Amalachukwu Chijindu Ananwude, and Oyinloye Lateef (2018). Effect of monetary policy on the performance of the Nigeria Capital Market (1986-2016). Stylized facts from ARDL Approach.
[16] Gowriah , seetanah B, John Lm, Kehars. (2014) The effects of monetary and fiscal polices on the stock exchange. Evidence from an Island economy. Business and management Review, 4 (4): 321-332
[17] Isaac Chii Nwaogwugwu (2018) The effects of monetary policy and fiscal policy on the stock market in Nigeria: Journal of Economics and Dev. Studies march 2018, vol 6, No 1. PP. 79-85.
[18] Kathleen H., Heng-Hsing H. (2012). capital market Theories efficiency versus investor prospect. International Business and Economics Research Journal Vol. 11 No 8
[19] Lu x, Zhouy, Kou m (2013). The impact of monetary surprise on Australia financial future markets.
[20] Lucky AL, Akani H.W and Anyamaobi. C. (2015) Prudential Determinants of stock prices of Commercial Banks in Nigeria: An Application of Fundamentalists and Macroeconomic view, 1980-2014 11 ARD international.
[21] Lux, Zhou Y, Kuo M (2013). The impact of monetary policy surprise on Australia financial future markets.
[22] Mbulawa S. (2015). Stock market performance, interest rate and exchange rate interaction in Zimbabwe: A co-integration approach, International Journal of economics finance and management 2 (2): 77-88.
[23] Monetary policy at a Glance by Central Bank of Nig. Monetary policy Department, (2017)
[24] Muktadir – Al mukit D (2013). An econometric analysis of the impact of monetary policy on stock market performance in Bangladesh. world Rev Bus Research 3: 16-29.
[25] Namini T N, Nasab ZT (2015). The impact of monetary and fiscal policies on Iran’s stock market: A SVAR Approach. J. APPL Env Bro skis: 767-775.
[26] Nwakoby . C., Alajekwe U.B (2016). Effect of monetary policy in Nigeria stock market Performance International. Journal of Scientific Research and Management: 4 (9): 4530- 4442).
[27] Onanuga Idowu, Ilo Bamidele, Lucas Elumala (2020) Monetary and fiscal policies interactions on stock returns in Nigeria. Berne Business Review 11 (1), 17-24.
[28] Onwumere, J.U.J. (2005). Business and Economic Research Methods. Lagos: Don-Vilton limited.
[29] Opportunities in the Nigeria capital market; by SEC Abuja.
[30] Osisanwo BG, Afanda AA (2012). Determinants of stock market returns in Nigeria: A time series analysis. African journal of scientific Research 9 (1): 478-497.
[31] Singh A (2014) A study of monetary policy impact on stock market Returns, Indian Research J 1:1-12
[32] Strestha PK, Subedi BR (2014). Determinants of stock market performance in Nepal. NRB ECON REV 26: 25-40
[33] Waleru Henry, Henry waleru Alani, Okonkwo Victor, Prof Steve (2016) Empirical Analysis of monetary policy on capital market Activities. Evidence from Nigeria Economy Jan 2016: Journal of International Financial management & accounting (2012)
[34] Welteke E (2001) Cross effects between monetary policy and financial markets, Brussels, Belgium.
Ezu, Gideon Kasie PhD, Ukoh, Josephine.E, PhD, “Monetary Policy Instruments and Performance of Nigeria Capital Market” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.720-726 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/720-726.pdf
Download PDF
Fear of God and Its Implementation
Susanto Kawi- November 2021- Page No.: 727-731
Fearing God and obeying His commands will have an impact on successful life for every human being who believes in Him. The purpose of this research is to explain whether or not the concept of fearing God will have an impact on humans who believe and obey His commands. Explanation from the perspectives of the New Testament and the Old Testament sees the condition of every human being who fears God has an impact on a successful life. The method used in this research is a qualitative method, namely library research, leveraging various data sources: the Bible, interpretation of holy books and other books that discuss the fear of God, which are arranged descriptively to achieve the goals and objectives of the research. In this study it was found that in every aspect of human life, both through human actions and behavior, there are many things in life that will make people feel fear and dither, either towards other humans or against other things. Fear of God experienced by humans is an ordinary thing, but the fear of God is a respect for God, and humans will experience a successful life if we humans obey and believe in accordance with the characteristics discussed in this study.
Page(s): 727-731 Date of Publication: 15 December 2021
Susanto Kawi
Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Kharisma, Indonesia
[1] Alkitab Bahasa Masa Kini. (n.d.).
[2] Bevere, J. (1998). Takut akan Tuhan. Jakarta: Metanoia Publishing.
[3] Browning. (2002). Kamus Alkitab. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia.
[4] Cailing, R. M. (2018). Fear God and Keep His Commandments: Foundation for a Relationship with God”. Review & Expositor.
[5] Caram, P. G. (2007). Kekristenan Sejati. Jakarta: Voice of Hope.
[6] Ibid. (n.d.).
[7] Largen, K. J. (2011). The Role of Fear in Our Love of God: A Lutheran Perspective”. Dialog.
[8] Maiaweng, P. C. (2012). Tinjauan Teologis Tentang Takut Akan Tuhan Berdasarkan Kitab Amsal dan Implementasinya dalam Hidup Kekristenan.
[9] Nataatmadja, A. (n.d.). Renungan Kristen.
[10] OMF. (1995). Ensiklopedia Alkitab Masa Kini Jilid II. Yayasan Komunikasi Bina Kasih.
[11] Takut Akan Tuhan Adalah Permulaan Pengetahuan. (n.d.).
[12] Tampasigi, R. (n.d.). Tinjauan Teologis tentang Takut Akan Tuhan Berdasarkan Kitab Amsal dan Implementasinya Dalam Hidup Kekristenan.
[13] Urbaniak, J., & Motsisi, M. (2019). The Impact of the ‘Fear of God’ on the British Abolitionist Movement. Journal for the History of Modern Theology.
[14] Villiers, P. G. (2013). Fear as Dread of a God Who Kills and Abuses? About a Darker Side of a Key, but Still Forgotten Biblical Motif. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies.
Susanto Kawi, “Fear of God and Its Implementation” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.727-731 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51143
Download PDF
Consumer Perception on Basic Spice: A Comparative Study between Branded & Open Spice
Prof. Mihir Kumar Roy, Ph.D, Md. Shakil – November 2021- Page No.: 732-741
The study on consurmer perception on basic spice was undertaken to analyse the gap between consumers’ perception & existing market scenario with reference to opened and branded ones specially chili, turmeric, cumin and coriander. Data for the study were collected both from secondary as well as primary sources through content analysis, questionnaire and face to face conversation It is observed from the analysis that most of the respondents used branded spices under Radhuni Powered Spice which they found most hygenic than open spices. The study recommended that Radhuni Basic Spice(RBP) need to conduct frequent consumer survey to develop new user group for the products with increased promotional expenses. The study concluded that more research work should be done on RBS to expand market in competitive situation and to attract the consumers in broader perspectives.
Page(s): 732-741 Date of Publication: 15 December 2021
Prof. Mihir Kumar Roy, Ph.D
Professor and Dean, Faculty of Business Administration, City University, Dhaka-1213
Md. Shakil
Lecturer (Finance & Banking), Department of Business Administration, City University, Dhaka, Bangladesh & Assistant Research Fellow, Independent Perception Research Hub, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Text Book
[1]. Kotler,Philip. Armstrong, Gary.2008. principles of Marketing, Pearson Prentice Hall, United State of America
[2]. Mallhotra, Naresh.K. 2003. Marketing Research, Prentice Hall International, United State of America
Website
[3]. www.theepicentre.com
[4]. Crosby, M. R. (2008). “Senna,” Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2008. Retrieved from http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761561243/Senna.html
[5]. Retrieved from World Wide Web: http://www.celtnet.org.uk/recipes/roman.html?PHPSESSID=26caf3bc35486152e548b7b2dc0eb0bd)
[6]. “Spices,” Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2008. Retrieved from World Wide Web: http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761564609 /spices.html on 25.05.2008
[7]. Retrieved from World Wide Web : http://www.foodproductdesign.com/articles/herbs-and-spices.html
[8]. www.squarefoods.com.bd (official website of SCPL)
[9]. http://www.google.com
Related Articles and Journals
[10]. Senjit (2011): Product Idea, Radhuni, senjit7.blogspot.com
[11]. Sadeghi, Tooraj and Khadijeh Ghaemmaghami Tabrizi (2011),
[12]. The Correlation Between Feelings and Brand Perception on Purchase Intention, world Applied Sciences Journal 12 (5): 697-705,2011, ISSN 1818-4952, IDOSI Publications,2011,p.698
[13]. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
Prof. Mihir Kumar Roy, Ph.D, Md. Shakil, “Consumer Perception on Basic Spice: A Comparative Study between Branded & Open Spice” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.732-741 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/732-741.pdf
Download PDF
An Assessment of Influence of Defiant Behavior Disorder on Poor Performance among Learners with Hearing Impairment in Kilifi County, Kenya
Ommang’ale Linus Ernest, Dr. George Mathenge, Dr. Beatrice Bunyasi Awosi- November 2021- Page No.: 742-748
The purpose of this was to establish how defiant behavior disorder leads to poor performance among learners with hearing impairment in Kilifi County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey design since the design includes asking a large group of people about a specific issue. The target population was 461 respondents from the four schools. Purposive sampling was used to select special schools and their principals in Kilifi County. Purposive sampling was used to select all teachers while stratified random sampling was used in selecting learners for the study with strata based on classes from class one to class eight. The research instruments used were questionnaires, interview and observation schedules. Piloting was done at Kakuyuni School for the Hearing Impaired after which further improvements of the research instruments was done. Mixed data analysis methods were employed whereby qualitative data was analyzed by use of thematic method while quantitative data will was analyzed by use of simple descriptive statistics such as measures of central tendency, frequency distribution tables, mean, mode, median and measures of dispersion i.e. variance and standard deviation. The study established that high scores of defiant behaviour deteriorated the level of participation in classroom, class attendance and accomplishment of assignments, performance and reading skills among learners with HI. The learners displayed little to no knowledge and retention of academic skills in the various levels of academic they were in. The study concluded that hearing impaired learners with defiant behavior have below average to poor academic achievement levels. The learners displayed little to no knowledge and retention of academic skills in the various levels of academic they were in. It is recommended that Board of Management, school administration and parents should take part in identification, assessment and management of hearing impaired learners with defiant behaviour.
Page(s): 742-748 Date of Publication: 16 December 2021
Ommang’ale Linus Ernest
Master’s student, Department of Early Childhood & Special Needs Education, Kenyatta University P.O Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Dr. George Mathenge
Lecturer, Department of Early Childhood & Special Needs Education, Kenyatta University P.O Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Dr. Beatrice Bunyasi Awosi
Lecturer, Department of Early Childhood & Special Needs Education, Kenyatta University P.O Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
[1] Agomoh, O.E., & Kanu, S.A. (2011). Introduction to Psychology of Special Needs Children. Port Harcourt: Kanissi Books.
[2] Akinbami, L, Liu, X., Pastor, P., & Reuben, C. (2011). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Learners Aged 5-17 Years in the United States, 1990-2009. National Center for Health Statistics Data Brief 70.
[3] American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (2011). “Facts for Families: Learners with Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Retrieved from http://www.aacap.org.
[4] Bru, D. (2009). Academic Outcomes in School Classes with Markedly Disruptive Pupils.
[5] Clunies-Ross, P., Little, E., &Kenhuis, M. (2008).Self-Reported and actual use of proactive and reactive classroom management strategies and their relationship with teacher stress and student behavior. Educational Psychology, 28(6), 693-710.
[6] Cullinan, D., & Sabornie, E. J. (2004). Characteristics of Emotional Disturbance in Middle and High School Students. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 12, (8)157-167.
[7] Coutinho, M. J. (1986). Reading Achievement of Students Identified as Behaviorally Disordered at the Secondary Level. Journal of Behavioral Disorders, 3(11), 200-207.
[8] Ek, U., Westerlund, J., Holmberg, K., & Fernell, E. (2010). Academic Performance of Adolescents with ADHD and other Behavioural and Learning Problems: A Population‐based Longitudinal Study. Acta Paediatrica, 12(10), 402‐406.
[9] Gordon, O., & Eiraldi, P. (2011). Characteristics of Children with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Community‐based Programs Designed to Prevent Placement in Residential Facilities. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 11(2), 51‐57.
[10] Henricsson, L., & Rydell, A. (2004). Elementary School Learners with Behavior Problems: Teacher-Child Relations and Self Perception. A Prospective Study. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(2), 111-138.
[11] Kauffman, J. M. (2001). Characteristics of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders of Children and Youth (7th ed.). Columbus, OH: Merrill Press.
[12] Koenig, E., & Volkmar, U. (2006). The Effect of the Level of Aggression in the First Grade Classroom on the Course and Malleability of Aggressive Behavior into Middle School. Journal of Development and Psychopathology, 28(10), 165-185.
[13] Kathleen O. R, John C. W. (2013) Support Groups for Learners. Taylor and Francis, California, USA.
[14] Kothari, C. (2004). Research Methodology, Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: New Age International Ltd.
[15] McCarthy, C.J., Lambert, R.G., O’Donnell, M., &Melendres, L.T. (2009).The Relation of Elementary Teachers’ Experience, Stress, and Coping Resources to Burnout Symptoms. The Elementary School Journal, 109(3), 282-300.
[16] Miller, A. (2006). Understanding Behavior Problems in Urban Elementary Schools. (Senior Research Project Trinity College, 2006).
[17] Rabiu, G.I. & Mastura, B. (2017). Interpersonal Behavioral Problems in Learners with Hearing Impairment: The Parental. International Journal of Education and Research Vol. 5 No. 10 October 2017
[18] Ratcliff, N.J., Jones, C.R., Costner, R.H., Savage-Davis, E., & Hunt, G.H. (2010). The Social Psychology of Education, 12, 461-479.
[19] Reid, R., Gonzalez, J., Nordness, P. D., Trout, A., & Epstein, M. H. (2004). A Meta-analysis of the Academic Status of Students with Emotional/ Behavioral Disturbance. Journal of Special Education, 8(38), 130-143.
[20] Stanfield J. (2005) White mischief with education in Kenya, Economic Affairs, vol. 25, pp, 55-57, march 2005
Ommang’ale Linus Ernest, Dr. George Mathenge, Dr. Beatrice Bunyasi Awosi, “An Assessment of Influence of Defiant Behavior Disorder on Poor Performance among Learners with Hearing Impairment in Kilifi County, Kenya” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.742-748 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/742-748.pdf
Download PDF
Chicago- Journey to a sustainable city
Omolade Ola, Gbekeloluwa B. Oguntimein – November 2021- Page No.: 749-752
Urbanization and increase in population have triggered the rise of pollution in the city of Chicago. A lot of her residents grew up on polluted lands and impoverished neighborhoods. And many believe it is solely the government job to help mitigate these problems. How can the city government channel her funds in curbing hunger, unemployment rate, and combat air pollution? This paper examines the social and environmental impact of assessment in Chicago and effective ways to mitigate it. Investments in the city will help provide the government with more funds to resolving some of the issues reviewed in this paper. However, what strategies can the city of Chicago use in raising investors within and outside its city’s walls?
Page(s): 749-752 Date of Publication: 16 December 2021
Omolade Ola
Department of Electrical Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Gbekeloluwa B. Oguntimein
Department of Civil Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
[1] Air Quality and Health. City of Chicago: Air Quality and Health. (n.d.). https://www.chicago.gov/city/en/depts/cdph/provdrs/healthy_communities/svcs/air-quality-and-health.html.
[2] Brackett, E. (2017, December 13). Where Does Chicago’s Garbage Go? WTTW News. https://news.wttw.com/2017/06/26/where-does-chicago-s-garbage-go
[3] Chase, B. (2021). City working to fix problems with air pollution enforcement, watchdog says. Times. https://chicago.suntimes.com/2021/1/7/22219448/environmental-air-pollution-justice-health-rahm-emanuel.
[4] Chicago Air Quality Index (AQI) and Illinois Air Pollution: AirVisual. Chicago Air Quality Index (AQI) and Illinois Air Pollution | AirVisual. (n.d.). https://www.iqair.com/us/usa/illinois/chicago.
[5] Chicago Health. (n.d.). Air Quality and Health.
[6] Coal Plants & Health. Chicago PSR. (2020.). https://www.chicagopsr.org/coal-plants-health.
[7] Environmental Protection Agency. (2020). Chicago Lead in Drinking Water Study. EPA. https://www.epa.gov/il/chicago-lead-drinking-water-study.
[8] Environmental Protection Agency. (2021). Environmental Issues in Southeast Chicago. EPA. https://www.epa.gov/il/environmental-issues-southeast-chicago.
[9] Help friends continue to improve the Chicago River. Combined Sewer Overflows – Policy – Advocacy – Friends of the Chicago River. (n.d.). https://www.chicagoriver.org/issues/policy/combined-sewer-overflows.
[10] How a Spike in Poor Air Quality is Impacting Chicago’s Most Polluted Neighborhoods. WTTW News. (n.d.). https://news.wttw.com/2020/07/09/how-spike-poor-air-quality-impacting-chicago-s-most-polluted-neighborhoods.
[11] Issues in Chicago. The Chicago Center for Health and Environment. (n.d.). https://www.chicago-cachet.org/community/issues-in-chicago/.
[12] Kiprop, V. (2019). The Largest Cities in the Midwest. World Atlas. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-largest-cities-in-the-midwest.html.
[13] Lydersen, K. (2008). Toxic Neighbor. Toxic neighbor, Chicago Reporter. http://www.pilsenperro.org/news/chicagoreporter_08_10_01_1.html.
[14] Reyes, A. (n.d.). TAKE ACTION: Toxic explosion threatens Chicago EJ communities during COVID-19! NRDC. https://act.nrdc.org/letter/4904-il-chicago-ej-200424
[15] U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Chicago city, Illinois; United States. (n.d.). Census Bureau QuickFacts. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/chicagocityillinois,US/PST045219
[16] TAKE ACTION: Toxic explosion threatens Chicago EJ communities during COVID-19! NRDC. (n.d.). https://act.nrdc.org/letter/4904-il-chicago-ej-200424?source=WBSILJPET&_ga=2.144884788.1889554800.1620694086-1703698084.1620506786.
[17] User, S. (n.d.). History of Mining in Illinois. Illinois Mine Subsidence Insurance Fund. https://www.imsif.com/about-mine-subsidence/history-of-mining-in-illinois.
[18] Vaughan, C. (2019). Floods, Carp, And Crap: The Environmental Impacts of The Chicago River Reversal. WBEZ Chicago. https://www.wbez.org/stories/floods-carp-and-crap-the-environmental-impacts-of-the-chicago-river-reversal/df408b2a-16f0-44e1-8686-2668163993d2.
[19] Traverso, V. (2020). The best trees to reduce air pollution. BBC Future. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200504-which-trees-reduce-air-pollution-best.
[20] World Earth DAY: Nine ways to keep the Planet safe. Down To Earth. (n.d.). https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/environment/world-earth-day-nine-ways-to-keep-the-planet-safe-64097.
Omolade Ola, Gbekeloluwa B. Oguntimein, “Chicago- Journey to a sustainable city” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.749-752 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/749-752.pdf
Download PDF
Gender Inequality towards Women in Novel Ikhtilas by Hani Naqshabandi
Wulida Fairuza Azkiya, Maman Lesmana- November 2021- Page No.: 753-759
This study discusses gender injustice against women in the novel Ikhtilas by Hani Naqshabandi. This novel tells the story of the lives of women in Saudi Arabia, both when they were before marriage to when they were married. This study uses the theory of gender injustice by Mansour Fakih, he divided the forms of gender injustice into five parts, namely marginalization, subordination, stereotyping, violence, and workload. The purpose of this study is to explain what forms of gender injustice against Saudi Arabian women are in the novel and what forms of injustice are dominant in the novel. The method used is a qualitative method. The results of this study are that there are all five forms of gender injustice by Mansour Fakih in the novel. The dominant forms of gender injustice are subordination, stereotype, and violence. Each of these forms of injustice has five types of cases in the novel. The gender injustice towards women that occurs in this novel is caused by the patriarchal culture that is still inherent in Saudi Arabia.
Page(s): 753-759 Date of Publication: 16 December 2021
Wulida Fairuza Azkiya
Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia
Maman Lesmana
Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia
[1] Endraswara, Suwardi. (2008).MetodePenelitianPsikologi Sastra: TeoriLangkahdanPenerapannya. Yogyakarta: Medpress
[2] Doumato, E. A. (1992). Gender, Monarchy, and National Identity in Saudi Arabia. British Jurnal of Middle Eastern Studies 19 (1).
[3] Fakih, Mansour. (1996). Analisis Gender danTransformasiSosial. Yogyakarta: PustakaPelajar.
[4] Muniarti, A. Nunuk P. (2004). Getar Gender; Perempuan Indonesia dalamperspektif agama, budaya, dankeluarga. Magelang: Indonesia Tera.
[5] Nasri, Daratullaila. (2016). Ketidakadilan Gender terhadapPerempuandalam Novel PadusiKaryaKa’bati. JurnalMadah 7 (2). Sumatra Barat: KementrianPendidikandanKebudayaan.
[6] Naqshabandi, Hani. (2010). PerempuanTerpasung(translator: TaufikDamas). Jakarta: PT SerambiIlmuSemesta.
[7] Ratna, N.K. (2004). Teori, Metode, danTeknikPenelitian Sastra. Yogyakarta: PustakaPelajar.
[8] Rokhimah, Siti. (2014). PatriarkhismedanKetidakadilan Gender.JurnalMuwazah 6 (1). Mojokerto: AktivisMojokerto.
[9] Supriyadi. (2016). Community of Practitioners :SolusiAlternatifBerbagiPengetahuanAntarPustakawan.JurnalLenteraPustaka2 (2). Semarang: UniversitasDiponegoro.
[10] Suryadi, A. & Idris, E. (2010). Kesetaraan Gender dalamBidangPendidikan. Bandung: Genesindo.
[11] http://en.casaarabe.es/event/%E2%80%9Chalf-a-respectable-citizen-%E2%80%9D-by-hani-naqshabandiaccessed on February 25, 2019 at 20:00
[12] http://www.alriyadh.com/265162accessed on February 25 2019 at 20:18
[13] http://www.arabischesbuch.de/index.php?title=Hani+Naqshbandi%3A+Ikhtiras&art_no=hn01&language=enaccessed on February 25 2019 at 21:00
[14] https://www.facebook.com/hani.nakshabandi.5accessed on February 25 2019 at 21:00
[15] https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/9458830-perempuan-terpasungaccessed on February 25 2019 at 21:00at 21.34
Wulida Fairuza Azkiya, Maman Lesmana, “Gender Inequality towards Women in Novel Ikhtilas by Hani Naqshabandi” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.753-759 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51144
Download PDF
An Assessment of PAYE System of Taxation in Nigeria (TETFUND Sponsored)
Uzamere Jim Onaiwu, & Ebhodaghe Lennards Arekhandia- November 2021- Page No.: 760-768
This study was carried out with the aim to assess PAYE system of taxation in Nigeria. In order to actualize the objectives of the study, various literature and theoretical issues were discussed. The researcher administered one hundred (100) questionnaires to respondents, out of which eighty (80) were retrieved for the purpose of presenting and analyzing responses on issues raised in the questionnaires. The data used for the purpose of this research was gathered through primary source. The mass information generated from the questionnaires was analyzed, summarized and presented in tables using simple percentage. The hypotheses were tested using Z-test statistical tool. The findings from analysis revealed among other things that non availability of tax statistics, inability to prioritize tax effort, poor tax administration, multiplicity of tax stands a barrier to Pay-As-You-Earn (PAYE). In line with the findings of the study, therefore recommend that government should have the political will and should also ensure effective assessment, collection and utilization of tax revenue; this would improve Pay-As-You-Earn (PAYE) collection.
Page(s): 760-768 Date of Publication: 17 December 2021
Uzamere Jim Onaiwu
Department of Business Education, College of Education, Igueben, Edo State, Nigeria
Ebhodaghe Lennards Arekhandia
Department of Business Education, College of Education, Igueben, Edo State, Nigeria
[1] Anyaduba, J. O. (1999). Companies Income Taxation in Nigeria. Benin City: United City Press.
[2] Anyaduba, J. O. (1999). Personal Income Taxation in Nigeria. Benin City: Uniben Press.
[3] Anyiwe, M. A. (1991), “Statistics Handbook for Social Scientist, Benin City, UNIBEN Press.
[4] Brautigam, D. (2008). Introduction to Taxation and State Building in Developing Countries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[5] Chigbu, E. E., Akujuobi, L. E. and Appah, E. (2012), An Empirical Study on the Causality between Economic Growth and Taxation in Nigeria, Current Research Journal of Economic Theory 4(2): 29-38.
[6] Companies Income Tax Act (CITA), (1990).
[7] Eiya, O. E. (2012). Taxation at a Glance. Benin City: Otoghagra Ent.
[8] Leyira, L C., Chukwuma, E., and Asian, A. U. (2012), Tax System in Nigeria – Challenges and the Way Forward, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2(5), 9 – 15.
[9] Odingenyi, E. B. (1999). Taxation in Nigeria. Lagos: Rowan Press Ltd.
[10] Odusola, A. (2006) Tax policy reforms in Nigeria. UNU-WIDER.
[11] Okafor, R. G. (2012), Tax Revenue Generation and Nigerian Economic Development, European Journal of Business and Management, 4(19), 49 – 56.
[12] Odusola, A. F. (2006). Kwara State Public Expenditure Review, A Technical Report on State Public Expenditure Review in Nigeria. Submitted to the World Bank, Abuja.
[13] Ola, C. S. (1999). Nigeria Tax Planning and Management. Ibadan: Heineman Education Boards, Nigeria, Ltd.
[14] Ola, C. S. (2001) Income Tax Law and Practice in Nigeria; Ibadan: Heinemann University Press Ltd.
[15] Samaila, I. A. (2012), An Assessment of the Contribution of Pay-As-You-Earn to the Internally Generated Revenue of Kano State between the Periods 1999 to 2008, International Journal of Research in Computer Application & Management, 2(2), 26 – 30.
[16] Sarker, T. K. (2003). Improving Tax compliance in Developing countries Via Self Assessment. What Could Bangladesh Learn from Japan? AISA-Pacific Tax bulletin Vol. 9, No. 6.
[17] Taiwo, H. O. A. (2002). Personal Income Tax, CITN Nigerian Tax Guide Statutes. The Chartered Institute of Nigeria, Lagos
[18] Worlu, C. N. & Emeka, N. (2012), Tax revenue and economic development in Nigeria: A macroeconometric approach. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 1(2), 2281-3993
[19] Yahaya, K. A. (2009). An Analysis of the Challenges of taxation in Kwara State. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2(5), 5 – 6.
[20] Yomere, G. O. and Agbonifoh, B. A. (1999), Research Methodology in the Social Science and Education, Benin City: Centerpiece Consultant Nigeria Limited.
Uzamere Jim Onaiwu, & Ebhodaghe Lennards Arekhandia, “An Assessment of PAYE System of Taxation in Nigeria (TETFUND Sponsored)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.760-768 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/760-768.pdf
Download PDF
Has Palliatives Reduced the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Human Security in Southwestern Nigeria?
Shaibu M. T., Lanre Olu-Adeyemi & Felix Ikalewumi – November 2021- Page No.: 769-775
The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic and the consequence lockdown stimulated palliatives implementation towards reducing the impact of lockdown on the citizens but it appears that in Nigeria, palliative is yet to have significant impact on human security as hunger, poverty and insecurity continue to exacerbate in the country. Reviewed literature inspired that researches scarcely address palliatives impact on human security but profusely concentrated on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. This present study interrogate the various palliatives implemented by Federal Government of Nigeria and examine whether palliatives have reduced the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on human security in Southwestern Nigeria. The social assistance theory underscored this study but humanitarian obligation theory is used to supported it. Both Qualitative and Quantitative Research Design (QQRD) were adopted. The Multistage Level Sampling Techniques (MLST) was employed to select 200 population sample size from male and female Nigerians across the six states in the Southwestern Nigeria and a 4-point Likert style rating scale closed ended questionnaire was distributed to obtain responses. The gathered responses was analysed electronically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The outcome of the study shows there are eleven palliatives implemented but the extent palliatives have reduced the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on human security in Southwestern Nigeria is low and recommends that palliatives should be reviewed and expanded to address core COVID-19 lockdown-induced Human Security Threats (HSTs), otherwise, threats will thrive and achieving economic recovery as well as sustainable development in Nigeria through palliative will remain an illusion.
Page(s): 769-775 Date of Publication: 17 December 2021
Shaibu M. T.
Department of Political Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
Lanre Olu-Adeyemi
Department of Political Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
Felix Ikalewumi
Centre for Strategic Research and Studies, National Defence College, Abuja, Nigeria
[1] AAN, Press Release: COVID-19: Publish list of palliative beneficiaries, anti-corruption groups urge government. Action Aid Nigeria, April 22, 2020: 1-6. https://nigeria.actionaid.org/news/2020/press-release-covid-19-publish-list-palliative-beneficiaries-anti-corruption-groups-urge (accessed November 9, 2020).
[2] Afolabi Muyiwa, Concept of Security. Readings in Intelligence & Security Studies, 2016:1-11. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303899299_Concept_of_Security (accessed November 9, 2020).
[3] Arsdale, Peter W. Van. & Nockerts, Regina A., A Theory of Obligation. The Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, May 12, 2008:1-34. https://sites.tufts.edu/jha/archives/138 (accessed January 15, 2021).
[4] Barrientos, Armando, Justice-based social assistance. Global Social Policy. 2016 Aug; 16(2): 151-165. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5036077/ (accessed December 9, 2020).
[5] Chriscaden, Kimberly, Impact of COVID-19 on people’s livelihoods, their health and our food systems. Joint statement by ILO, FAO, IFAD and WHO, October 13, 2020:1-9. https://www.who.int/news/item/13-10-2020-impact-of-covid-19-on-people’s-livelihoods-their-health-and-our-food-systems (accessed January 20, 2021).
[6] Eranga, Isaac Omo-Ehiabhi, COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Palliative Measures and the Politics of Vulnerability. International Journal of Maternal and Children Health and AIDS, Jul 8, 2020; 9(2): 220-222. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7359756/ (accessed November 6, 2020).
[7] Farayibi, O. Adesoji. & Asongu A. Simplice, “The Economic Consequences of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Nigeria,” Working Papers 2020, 20/042, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS). https://ideas.repec.org/p/exs/wpaper/20-042.html (accessed December 21, 2020).
[8] GIMRC, Government and Institution Measures in Response to COVID-19. 2020:1-11. https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/insights/2020/04/nigeria-government-and-institution-measures-in-response-to-covid.html. (accessed December 23, 2020).
[9] Hiruy Minas, Reflections: Social Assistance: Theoretical Underpinnings. Journal of Business and Administrative Studies (JBAS), 1(2), 2009: 90-100.
[10] Howell Fiona, ‘Social Assistance – Theoretical Background. Applied Knowledge Science, 2001:1-50.https://gsdrc.org/document-library/social-assistance-theoretical-background/ (accessed January 26, 2020).
[11] HPN, The theory and practice of ‘rebellious humanitarianism. Humanitarian Practice Network (HPN) Magazine, June 2003:1-13. https://odihpn.org/magazine/the-theory-and-practice-of-%C2%91rebellious-humanitarianism%C2%92/ (accessed December 8, 2020).
[12] Hussein Karim, Gnisci Donata and Wanjiru Julia. Security and Human Security: An Overview of Concepts and Initiatives: What Implications for West Africa? Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Issues Paper – Issues paper, AH/D(2004) 547:1-49. https://www.oecd.org/swac/publications/38826090.pdf (accessed November 6, 2020).
[13] Ikeyi Shittu & Co COVID-19- Additional palliatives issued by the Federal Government of Nigeria. April 29: 2020: 1-4. https://iclg.com/briefing/11746-covid-19-additional-palliatives-issued-by-the-federal-government-of-nigeria (accessed November 9, 2020).
[14] Irabor Paul & Awofeso Olu, Assessment of Government Response to Socioeconomic Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic in Nigeria. Journal of Social and Political Sciences, 3(3), 2020: 677-686. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343152043_Assessment_of_Government_Response_to_Socioeconomic_Impact_of_Covid-19_Pandemic_in_Nigeria (accessed December 21, 2020).
[15] Janssen Daisy J. A., Ekström Magnus, Currow David C., Johnson Miriam J., Maddocks Matthew, Simonds Anita K., Tonia Tomy & Marsaa Kristoffer, COVID-19: Guidance on Palliative care from a European Respiratory Society International Task Force. European Respiratory Journal 2020:1-42. https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2020/07/09/13993003.02583-2020 (accessed December 21, 2020).
[16] Onyekwena, Chukwuka & Ekeruche Mna Amara, Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the Nigerian economy. Africa in Focus, Wednesday, April 8, 2020: 1-15. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2020/04/08/understanding-the-impact-of-the-covid-19-outbreak-on-the-nigerian-economy/ (accessed December 21, 2020).
[17] Ozili Peterson K., COVID-19 Pandemic and Economic Crisis: The Nigerian Experience and Structural Causes. SSRN Electronic Journal 2020: 1-29. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340439471_COVID-19_Pandemic_and_Economic_Crisis_The_Nigerian_Experience_and_Structural_Causes (accessed December 21, 2020).
[18] Salau Gbenga, Government condemns raid as residents loot COVID-19 palliatives in warehouse. The Guardian, October 23, 2020. https://guardian.ng/news/govt-condemns-raid-as-residents-loot-covid-19-palliatives-in-warehouse/ (accessed December 7, 2020).
[19] Udeh Chinedu S. and Amadi Elizabeth N., The Impact of Coronavirus on Human Security in Nigeria. Academic Paper, 2020: 1-17. https://www.grin.com/document/923276 (accessed January 20, 2020).
[20] UNDP, Human Development Report. United Nations Development Programme, UN Plaza, New York: Oxford University Press, 1994: 1-136. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/reports/255/hdr_1994_en_complete_nostats.pdf (accessed November 13, 2021).
[21] Wambua Muema, Covid-19, Human Security Crisis, and the Responsibility to Protect. Social Science Research Council, 2020: 1-13. https://kujenga-amani.ssrc.org/2020/09/03/covid-19-human-security-crisis-and-the-responsibility-to-protect/ (accessed January 20, 2020).
Shaibu M. T., Lanre Olu-Adeyemi & Felix Ikalewumi, “Has Palliatives Reduced the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Human Security in Southwestern Nigeria?” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.769-775 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/769-775.pdf
Download PDF
Party Politics and Democratic Practices: The Bane of Under-Development in Nigeria
Omoregie Edoghogho – November 2021- Page No.: 776-782
This study takes a look at the activities of political parties in a democratic system and how it affects the Nigeria state of under-development in the fourth Republic. The paper takes cognizance, of parties and democratic roles in the development of the developed Democracies; on the other hand, most developing societies like Nigeria are not so lucky in charting this trajectory, rather, the advent of the new wave of Democratic experience which is decorated with multi-party configuration that emerged in 1999, has done infinitesimally, in its quest of charting the path of progress for the people. These assertions are better explained through some factors that are prominent within the political space at the period, these includes; the inability of the system to effectively integrate the ethno-cultural divide in the state, the failure of the system to enhance the living standard of the people, also, the absence of good governance play a prominent role in this regard, the inability of the political parties to encourage participation is another key factor and the consistent failure of the political leadership to perform its core webberian functions of securing lives and property as well as engendering an enabling environment that is devoid of crisis. The paper depends heavily on qualitative materials which are carefully analysed. The sustainable development theory is deployed for the study as it better x-ray the nitty-gritty of the paper. Finally, the study proffers some salient recommendations which includes; the need for political parties to be structured in a way as to integrate the divergent forces in the system, the political leadership must vigorously pursue policies that would enhance the peoples living standards, political participation must be encouraged at all levels and the issues of insecurity must be tackled and given its pride of place in the scheme of things in the system.
Page(s): 776-782 Date of Publication: 17 December 2021
Omoregie Edoghogho
Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria
[1] Agbaje A, Akande A, and Ojo J (2009) Nigeria Ruling Party: A complex web of money and Power in south Africa Journal of international affairs vol.14 No1
[2] Akpuru-Aja A (2009) policy and strategic studies. unchanted waters of war and power in international relations. Reversed edition. Nigeria. Willyrose andAppleseed publishing
[3] Appadorai A. (2004) A substance of politics. Delhi. Oxford University pressBaber B. and Watson P. (1988) the struggle for Democracy: Boston. Democracy firm.
[4] Christenson, R.M., Engel, A.S., Jacobs, D.N., Rejai, M. and Waltzer, H. (1981) Ideologies and Modern Politics; 3rd edition. New York. Harper & Row publishers
[5] Dowse R.E. and Hughes J.A. (1972) political sociology. London. John Wiley and sons
[6] Hague M And Harrop R (2001) Comparative Government and politics: An introduction. New York . Harper and Row publishers.
[7] Handelman H. (2011) the challenges of third world Development: 6th edition New York. Pearson Educational Inc.
[8] Handelman H. (2017) challenges of the Developing world: 8th edition New York. Rowman and Littlefield publishing group Inc.
[9] Hoffman J. and Graham P. (2009) introduction to political theory: 2nd edition. London. Pearson Educational Inc.
[10] Ibrahim J, Okoye F, Adambra T. (2006) Political parties indispensible for Democracy in Nigeria: centre for Democratic Development and institute for Democratic and Electoral Assistance
[11] Jega A.M. (2007) Democracy, Good governance and Development in Nigeria: Ibadan. Spectrum Books Limited
[12] Jhingan M.L. (2009) The Economics of Development and planning: 39th edition Delhi. Vrinda Publication LTD.
[13] Mohammed, A.A. (2007). “Political Parties and National Integration: Reflections of Nigeria Since 1999: in Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa; 9(4).
[14] Nabon A.T. (2012) National security management: The Nigeria perspective: in T.A.Imobighe and S.I. Ebohon (eds) Themes and issues in Nigeria Governance and politics. Kuru. Nigeria institute for policy and strategic studied. Pages 219-240
[15] Nekabari, I.I (2004), Contemporary political analysis: an introduction: 2nd edition. Ibadan: Springfield Publishers Ltd.
[16] Nweze (2004) National security threats in Nigeria: in D.A. Briggs and J.G.Sanda (eds) issues in Peace and security. Jos. National institute for policy and strategic studied. Pages 69-94
[17] Odock C.N. (2006) Democracy and good governance. Lagos. NOUN
[18] Ogege S.O (2013) Insecurity and sustainable development: The Boko Haram Debacle in Nigeria. America International journal of social sciences Vol.2 No 7
[19] Omoregie E, Aisedion R and Imokhai P.I (2018) Asian tigers Economic Development strategies: A Lesson for Nigeria quest for Development: in Nasarawa journal of political science vol.6 No 5&6 pages 77-85
[20] Omoregie E. And Malasowe G.C. (2019) Political Parties and Internal Democracy in the Nigeria Fourth Republic: An Analysis: In Journal of Political Studies. Vol.3 No1 Pages 306-320 Department of political science. University of Abuja
[21] Omoregie E, Itakpe M.L, and Agazuma S. (2019) Politics of ethnicity and the federal character Question in Nigeria: A theoretical Approach in Izuagie L and Chizea B.U (eds) Aspects of contemporary issues in humanity and social sciences. Lagos. Amfitop Books Company.
[22] Omoregie E And Aisedion R. (2019) An Analysis of effectiveness of political parties in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic in Ekpoma Journal of Social Sciences (Special edition) faculty of social sciences, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma Pages 154-162 Vol.6 No3
[23] Omoregie E, Aideloje S. And Anetekhai J.A.A. (2020) Democratic Institution and state fragility In Nigeria: implication for National security. In international journal of management, social sciences, peace and conflicts studies (IJMSSPCS) VOL. 3 No4. Pages 375-386.
[24] Omoruyi O. (2007) political parties in Nigeria, Boston University: advancing Democracy in Africa. (ADA)
[25] Omotola, J.S. (2009). Nigeria Parties and Party Ideologies: in Journal of Alternative Perspective in Social Sciences vol. 1 No(3).
[26] Robert M. (1968) the essence of security, reflection in office, New York, Harper and Row Simon H. (1962) Comments on theory of organization: America political science review Vo lXLVI No. IV
[27] Todaro , M. P. (1997) Economic Development: 6th edition USA Addison-Wesley Publishing company Inc
[28] Todaro P.M. and Smith S.C. (2009) Economic Development, 10th Edition. England. Pearson Educational Limited.
[29] Wilber, C. K. (1984) the political economy of Development and under-development, in C.K Wilber edited 3rd edition New York Random House. New York https://en.wikipedia.org/2015_nigeria_general_elections. accessed 20th November 2021 https://en.wikipedia.org/2019_nigeria_general_elections. Accessed 20th November 2021
Omoregie Edoghogho “Party Politics and Democratic Practices: The Bane of Under-Development in Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.776-782 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/776-782.pdf
Download PDF
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices toward Protection and Sustainable Management of Riverine Ecosystems in Goa and Mt. Isarog Territories
Patricia M.Candelaria and Raul G.Bradecina- November 2021- Page No.: 783-794
The extent of knowledge and attitude the people have over the riverine ecosystems and the practices they employ in using them significantly impact the sustainability of these ecosystems. The low level of knowledge on ecosystem dynamics and negative attitude towards riverine ecosystem protection aggravate unsustainable practices aside from abetting low compliance to rules for rationally managing rivers. A deeper understanding of people’s knowledge, attitude and practices is crucial in developing interventions that promote sustainability of riverine ecosystems and resources. This paper characterizes the knowledge, attitude and practices of households on the conservation and sustainable management of riverine ecosystems. The data were generated using survey and analyzed employing descriptive statistics. Results indicated that some households are highly aware of the rivers but knowledge of its names, locations, and network connections are inadequate. Majority expressed positive attitude on aspects of ecosystem governance such as local knowledge, access to decision-making, participation in ecosystem governance, resources, environmental services to society, water quality monitoring, law enforcement, and livelihood. The practices employed by households are dominantly extractive in nature which include quarrying or sand mining (30%), throwing of garbage in the river (18%) and unsustainable fishing (45%). The mixed findings on households’ knowledge, attitude and practices reflected their ambiguous relationship to resource management principles induced by distinct socio-economic and cultural realities of the area which include sociodemographic condition, land tenure and political complexities. This paper suggests that public officials may take advantage of the highly positive attitude of households as a good indication of a welcoming disposition towards riverine ecosystem conservation and management. It recommends that a holistic riverine ecosystem governance must be developed and implemented employing both evidence-based and local knowledge-based management, promoting multi-stakeholder participation in decision making, restoration of riverine ecosystem and supporting social enterprise development such as riverine ecotourism.
Page(s): 783-794 Date of Publication: 17 December 2021
Patricia M. Candelaria
Partido State University, Sagñay Campus, Sagñay, Camarines Sur, Philippines
Raul G. Bradecina
Partido State University, Goa Campus, Goa, Camarines Sur, Philippines
[1] Aini MS, Laily P, Nurizan Y, Azizah HS,Zuroni,JandS. Norhasmah.2006. Sustainability knowledge, attitude and practices of Malaysians, WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 93, © WIT Press
[2] Arbiol J, Orencio PM, Romena N, Nomura H, Takahashi Y and M. Yabe.2016. Knowledge, attitude and practices towards Leptospirosis among lakeshore communities of Calamba and Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, Agriculture 6:18(2016)
[3] Frick J, Kaiser FG, and M Wilson. 2004. Environmental knowledge and conservation behavior: exploring prevalence and structure in a representative sample, Personality and Individual Differences 37:1597–1613
[4] Hackney CR, Darby SE, Parsons DR, Leyland J, Best JL, Aalto R, Nicholas AP and RC Houseago.2020. River bank instability from unsustainable sand mining in the lower Mekong River, Nature Sustainability, 3: 217–225
[5] Oremo F, Mulwa R and N Oguge.2019. Knowledge, attitude and practice in water resources management among smallholder irrigators in the, Tsavo Sub- Catchment, Kenya, Resources, 8: 130
Patricia M.Candelaria and Raul G.Bradecina, “Knowledge, Attitude and Practices toward Protection and Sustainable Management of Riverine Ecosystems in Goa and Mt. Isarog Territories” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.783-794 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/783-794.pdf
Download PDF
Impact of Road Safety Education on Parents’ Willingness to Pay on Safety Equipment via Family Communication Pattern
Nur Afifah Aisyah Mohmood Nor, Low Suet Fin, Nurfatin Nadia Suhaimi, Nurul Khairani Ismail- November 2021- Page No.: 795-798
Children are the most vulnerable road users as their physical body is small with limited experiences on the road. Parents are responsible to make sure children are being protected and safe on the road. The objective of this study is to investigate road safety education as a contributing factor in parents’ willingness to pay (WTP) on road safety equipment based on family communication patterns (FCP). WTP was measured in Ringgit Malaysia (RM) while four types of FCP are laissez-faire, protective, pluralistic and consensual. This is a descriptive quantitative intervention study and data was collected via a survey during the pre- and post-study. The sample comprised of 1,969 parents of primary school children from Year 1 to Year 6 who have been using the revised road safety education activity books during the pilot study. The result revealed that pluralistic and protective are two types of FCP with higher increment in WTP among parents on safety equipment to be used on their children during the post-study. Further analysis using paired sample t-test showed a significant difference was only found in pluralistic and protective FCP among Year 1 and pluralistic FCP among Year 5 students. The findings further explained that road safety education influenced the parents’ willingness to pay on safety equipment for their children based on the type of FCP practiced in the family.
Page(s): 795-798 Date of Publication: 17 December 2021
Nur Afifah Aisyah Mohmood Nor
Road User Behavioral Change Research Centre, Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Low Suet Fin
Road User Behavioral Change Research Centre, Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurfatin Nadia Suhaimi
Road User Behavioral Change Research Centre, Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurul Khairani Ismail
Road User Behavioral Change Research Centre, Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
[1] Koerner, A. F. & Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2002). Understanding Family Communication Patterns and Family Functioning: The Roles of Conversation Orientation and Conformity Orientation. Communication Yearbook, 26(1), 36–68.
[2] Koerner, A. F., & Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2006). Family communication patterns theory: A social cognitive approach. Engaging Theories in Family Communication: Multiple Perspectives,50–65.
[3] Noh, C. H. C., Yusooff, F., & Hasim, M. S. (2013). CommunicationPatterns of Malay Families in Terengganu, Malaysia.Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 102,635–642.
[4] Royal Malaysia Police. (2016). Malaysian statistical report of road accident in 2015. Bukit AmanKuala Lumpur: Traffic Investigation and Enforcement Department.
[5] Runcan, P. L., Constantineanu, C., Ielics, B., & Popa, D. (2012). TheRole of Communication in the Parent-ChildInteraction.Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46,904–908.
[6] Stobierski, T. (2020, October 20). Willingness to pay: what it is & how to calculate. Harvard Business School Online. https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/willingness-to-pay.
[7] World Health Organization. (2004). World report on road trafficinjury prevention, United Nation. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42871/9241562609.pdf
[8] Zarnaghash, M., Zarnaghash, M., &Zarnaghash, N. (2013). The Relationship Between Family Communication Patterns andMental Health. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 405–410.
Nur Afifah Aisyah Mohmood Nor, Low Suet Fin, Nurfatin Nadia Suhaimi, Nurul Khairani Ismail, “Impact of Road Safety Education on Parents’ Willingness to Pay on Safety Equipment via Family Communication Pattern” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.795-798 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/795-798.pdf
Download PDF
Factors Influencing the Employee Turn Over at Tanzania Telecommunication Corporation Limited, Dar Es Salaam Office
Glory Lelo Surumbu, Ikandilo Kushoka – November 2021- Page No.: 799-805
Employee retention is among the important factors for business sustainability. The purpose of the study is to examine the factors influencing the employee turnover by using Tanzania Telecommunication Corporation Limited (TTCL) as a case study. Specifically, the study examined the impact of Training and Promotion on employee turnover, the effects of working environment on employee turnover and it identified the strategies for reducing employee turnover in Tanzania. This study was conducted in Dar Es Salaam city in its five municipals (Ilala, Ubungo, Temeke, Kinondoni and Kigamboni). The study used Primary data which was collected using questionnaire and interview. Quantitative data was analyzed using Correlation and Regression while the qualitative data was analyzed by content analysis. The findings revealed that Training and Promotion positively influence the Employee turnover. Also working environment positively influences the Employee turnover. Furthermore, the study identified different strategies for improving reduction of employee turnover such promoting high-quality of work relationships and Promotion of job Satisfaction. The study concludes that providing a positive work environment reduces turnover.
Page(s): 799-805 Date of Publication: 17 December 2021
Glory Lelo Surumbu
Institute of Accountancy Arusha, Dar Es Salaam Campus, Dar Es Salaam,Tanzania
Ikandilo Kushoka
Institute of Accountancy Arusha, Dar Es Salaam Campus, Dar Es Salaam,Tanzania
[1] Ahmed, Z., Sabir, S., Khosa, M., Ahmad, I., & Amjad Bilal, M. (2016). Impact of Employee Turnover on Organisational Effectiveness in Tele Communication Sector of Pakistan. IOSR Journal of Business and Management.
[2] Al-Yousuf, M., Akerele, T. M., & Al-Mazrou, Y. Y. (2002). Organization of the Saudi health system. In Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal.
[3] Allen, R. (2017). Marketing Communication Based on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: Zantel Tanzania. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijimt.2017.8.4.742
[4] Ampomah, P., & Cudjor, S. K. (2015). The Effect of Employee Turnover on Organizations (Case Study of Electricity Company of Ghana, Cape Coast). Asian Journal of Social Sciences and Management Studies.
[5] Ananthan, B. R., & Sudheendra Rao L.N. (2011). Dynamics of Retention: Practices and Strategies. SCMS Journal of Indian Management.
[6] Benedict, A. C., Josiah, M., Ogungbenle, S. K., & Akpeti, E. (2012). The Effect of Labour Turnover in Brewery Industries in Nigeria (A Study of Guinness Brewery Industries Plc and Bendel Brewery Ltd in Benin City. Asian Journal of Business Management.
[7] Bhat, J. A., & Yadav, P. (2016). Handicraft Sector : The Comforting Sector of Employment Review. Management Studies and Economic Systems, 3(2), 111–117. https://doi.org/10.12816/0037561
[8] Biason, R. S. (2017). The Effect of Job Satisfaction to Employee Retention. Journal of Business and Management Review.
[9] Blalock, Jr. H.M(1963). Social Forces. Correlated Independent Variables: The Problem of Multicollinearity. 42, ( 2 ), 233-237.
[10] Cappelen, A. W., Eichele, T., Hugdahl, K., Specht, K., Sørensen, E. O., & Tungodden, B. (2014). Equity theory and fair inequality: A neuroeconomic study. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414602111
[11] Chai, S. (1999). Chapter 1 The Success and Failure of Rational Choice. Choosing an Identity: A General Model of Preference and Belief Formation.
[12] Chiang, C. F., & (Shawn) Jang, S. C. (2008). An expectancy theory model for hotel employee motivation. International Journal of Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2007.07.017
[13] Damei, M. Y. (2020). The Effect of Job Training on Employee Retention in Somalia. Journal of Research in Business and Management.
[14] De Grip, A., Hoevenberg, J., & Willems, E. (1997). Atypical employment in the European Union. International Labour Review.
[15] Demeke, W., Olden, A., & Nocera, J. A. (2016). Factors Affecting the Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies: Small Hotels and Tour Operators in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Libri. https://doi.org/10.1515/libri-2016-0029
[16] Duncan, C,& Kim, M, & Baek, S. & Sankey, D. (2021). The limits of motivation theory in education and the dynamics of value-embedded learning (VEL). Educational Philosophy and Theory. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2021.1897575
[17] European Commission. (2012). Employment and social developments in Europe 2011. In Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2767/44905
[18] Ferreira, L., & Almeida, C. (2015). Employee Turnover and Employee turnover: a Study of the Brazilian Retail Sector. Brazilian Business Review. https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2015.12.4.2
[19] Gashgari, S. (2016). Equity Theory and Its Effect on Performance Outcome. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research.
[20] Golafshani, N. (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report. https://doi.org/10.3367/UFNr.0180.201012c.1305
[21] Grösser, N. (2013). Research design. In Contributions to Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2858-0_3
[22] Herman F, (2015). Relating Technology Based CRM to Service Quality in the Telecommunications Industry in Arusha City, Tanzania. Science Journal of Business and Management. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjbm.20150306.11
[23] Kennedy, C, Fossum, A, & White, B. (1983). An empirical comparison of within-subjects and between-subjects expectancy theory models. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(83)90143-5
[24] Kibigu, R., & Nyakundi, W. (2016). Influence of Job Rotation on Organizational Productivity: A Case of Mount Kenya University. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR.
[25] Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques – C. R. Kothari – Google Books. New Age International.
[26] Kweka, N. A., & Sedoyeka, E. (2014). Labor Turnover in Tanzania – Telecom vs Banking Sectors. International Journal of Computing and ICT Research, 8(2), 65–82.
[27] Lunenburg, F. C. (2011). Expectancy Theory of Motivation : Motivating by Altering Expectations. International Journal of Business Administration.
[28] Mohammed, L. (2019). Validity and reliability. In Forensic Examination of Signatures. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813029-2.00009-8
[29] Molefi, M. & Moroke, N. & Tlholoe, K. (2014). The impact of staff turnover on performance: A case of the North west provincial department of South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(23), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p117
[30] Munyanti, I., & Masrom, M. (2018). Customer Satisfaction Factors towards Mobile Network Services. Journal of Advanced Research in Business and Management Studies.
[31] Mwakatumbula, H., Charles Moshi, G., & Mitomo, H. (2016). Determinants of Consumers Knowledge on their Rights in Telecommunication Markets : Case of Tanzania. International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijmpict.2016.7202
[32] national bureau of statatistics. (n.d.). Tanzania in figures 2018. Retrieved January 10, 2020, from https://www.nbs.go.tz/index.php/en/tanzania-in-figures/422-tanzania-in-figures-2018
[33] Oginni Babalola, O. O. (2018). A Study Of Labour Turnover And Organisational Productivity In The Cable Industry Of Nigeria Manufacturing Sector. https://doi.org/DOI:10.14738/assrj.58.5000
[34] Okeke, M. (2019). Labour Turnover and Organisational Performance in Selected Plastic Manufacturing Firms in Anambra State. May.
[35] Papadopoulos, V., & Giovanis, D. G. (2018). Reliability analysis. In Mathematical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64528-5_4
[36] Pritchard, R. (1969). Equity theory: A review and critique. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(69)90005-1
[37] Roy, B. (2018). Factors Determining Employee Retention: A Study in Banks. International Journal of Management Studies. https://doi.org/10.18843/ijms/v5is2/13
[38] Ryan, J. C. (2016). Old knowledge for new impacts: Equity theory and workforce nationalization. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.022
[39] Sauer, P.(2014). Drivers of attitudes toward luxury brands: A Cross-National Investigation into the roles of Interpersonal Influence and Brand Consciousness. International Marketing Review, 31(4), 363–389. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-04-2011-0121
[40] Schwartz, S. (2006). A theory of cultural value orientations. Online Publication, 5(2–3), 137–182.
[41] Sönmez, A. (2013). Research methodology and design. In Contributions to Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02033-4_3
[42] Torgler, B. (2003). Tax Morale: Theory and Empirical Analysis of Tax Compliance. PhD Thesis.
[43] Tseng, L. M., & Kuo, C. L. (2014). Customers’ attitudes toward insurance frauds: An application of Adams’ equity theory. In International Journal of Social Economics. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-08-2012-0142
[44] Vidhya, M. (2017). Impact of employee turnover on organizational effectiveness in telecommunication sector with the special reference in. 9–15.
[45] Wülferth, H. (2013). Unit of Analysis. In Contributions to Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35837-1_3
[46] Zboja, J. J., Jackson, R. W., & Grimes-Rose, M. (2020). An expectancy theory perspective of volunteerism: the roles of powerlessness, attitude toward charitable organizations, and attitude toward helping others. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12208-020-00260-5
Glory Lelo Surumbu, Ikandilo Kushoka, “Factors Influencing the Employee Turn Over at Tanzania Telecommunication Corporation Limited, Dar Es Salaam Office” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.799-805 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/799-805.pdf
Download PDF
Secondary School Learners with Disabilities Challenges in Three Provinces of Zambia
Penda Annie, Chibwe Juliet, Shanzuwa Biggie- November 2021- Page No.: 806-814
Children are the most vulnerable road users as their physical body is small with limited experiences on the road. Parents are responsible to make sure children are being protected and safe on the road. The objective of this study is to investigate road safety education as a contributing factor in parents’ willingness to pay (WTP) on road safety equipment based on family communication patterns (FCP). WTP was measured in Ringgit Malaysia (RM) while four types of FCP are laissez-faire, protective, pluralistic and consensual. This is a descriptive quantitative intervention study and data was collected via a survey during the pre- and post-study. The sample comprised of 1,969 parents of primary school children from Year 1 to Year 6 who have been using the revised road safety education activity books during the pilot study. The result revealed that pluralistic and protective are two types of FCP with higher increment in WTP among parents on safety equipment to be used on their children during the post-study. Further analysis using paired sample t-test showed a significant difference was only found in pluralistic and protective FCP among Year 1 and pluralistic FCP among Year 5 students. The findings further explained that road safety education influenced the parents’ willingness to pay on safety equipment for their children based on the type of FCP practiced in the family.
Page(s): 806-814 Date of Publication: 18 December 2021
Penda Annie
Kwame Nkrumah University, Zambia
Chibwe Juliet
Kwame Nkrumah University, Zambia
Shanzuwa Biggie
Kwame Nkrumah University, Zambia
[1] Akinyi L E., Ezekiel Onyango Nyangia, E. O.and Orodho , J.A(2015) Challenges Facing Implementation of Inclusive Education in Public Secondary Schools in Rongo Sub- County, Migori County, Kenya. Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) 20( 4) PP 39-50
[2] Bernard, R (2000) Social Research Methods; Qualitative and quantitative Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage publications
[3] Bhat, A. (2019) Research design. Definition, characteristics and types.www.question.com accessed on 23/06/19
[4] Central Statistical Office (2003). Zambia 2000 Census of Population and Creswell, J and Plano Clark, V. (2007) Designing and conducting mixed methods reseach.London: SageHousing. Lusaka: CSO.
[5] Doyle, A (2019) What is semi structured interview? www.thebalancecareers.com.accessed 9/09/21
[6] Kasonde, N.(2013). Educational Research. Lusaka: UNZA Press.
[7] Kiyuba,J and Tukur, S.F. (2014) Challenges Of Providing Special Education to Children With Disabilities: View of teachers and education officials. University of Gavle FULTEXT01.pdf. Accessed on 20/06/20
[8] Korb, A.K (2012) Conducting educational research. www.korbedpsych.com
[9] Kristensen, K., Omagor‐Loican, M., &Onen, N. (2003). The inclusion of learners with barriers to learning and development into ordinary school settings: a challenge for Uganda. British Journal of Special Education, 30(4), 194-201.
[10] Ndlovu, D. (2008)Challenges Faced by Pupils with Disabilities in Accessing Education in Inclusive Schools In Zambia https://danielndhlovu.wordpress.com/2009/10/07/challenges-faced-by-pupils-with-disabilities-in-accessing-education-in-inclusive-schools-in-zambia/ Accessed on 14/06/2020
[11] Ngulube,J.Y.(2016) Challenges and facilitators of inclusion policy implementation for pupils with special educational needs in post-primary regular schools in Zambia. Dublin: Trinity collegeDublin.
[12] Roxana, T and Sandoval, H. F (2017) Qualitative and quantitative research instruments. Research tools.www.researchgate.net accessed 15/07/19
[13] Tongco, D.C. (2007) Purposive sampling as a tool for information selection.Journal of plants, people and applied research.pp 145-152
[14] United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (2018)The challenge of inclusion for children with disabilities – experiences of implementation in Eastern and Southern Africa.https://www.unicef.org/esaro/EducationThinkPieces_7_DisabilityInclusion.pdf Accessed on 20/07/2020
[15] United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (1994) Final Report –World Conference on Special Needs Education Development. London: Leonard Cheshire International
[16] World Healthy Organization and World Bank (2011). World Report on Disability. Malta: WHO Press.
Penda Annie, Chibwe Juliet, Shanzuwa Biggie, “Secondary School Learners with Disabilities Challenges in Three Provinces of Zambia” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.806-814 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/806-814.pdf
Download PDF
Blended Learning: The Post Covid-19 Solution for Higher Education in Kenya (A Case of KCA University)
Dennis Simiyu – November 2021- Page No.: 815-819
The outbreak of COVID-19 and post COVID-19 pandemic has basically reshaped our thinking and how different the global carries out its business from today. There is no doubt that even if the COVID-19 virus is completely suppressed and global lockdown comes to an end, the virus effects will linger. Higher education is one of the areas that have been highly hit by the pandemic. This paper scans through blended learning as the post COVID-19 solution to teaching and learning in higher education, particularly, Kenyan Higher Education with KCA University as a case study.
Page(s): 815-819 Date of Publication: 18 December 2021
Dennis Simiyu
St. Lawrence University, United States of America
[1] Becker, A., Cummins, M., Davis, A., Freeman, A., Hall Giesinger, C., & Ananthanarayanan, V. (2017). NMC horizon report: 2017 higher Education Edition. Austin: The New Media Consortium.
[2] Dumpit, Z. & Fernandez, J. (2017). Analysis of Use of Social Media in Higher Education Instituitions (HEIs) Using the Technology Acceptance Model. International Journal of Educational Education Technology in Higher Education. 4(5)
[3] Dzuiban, (C. 2018) Blended Learning: The New Normal and Emerging Technologies. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education volume 15,
[4] Dziuban, C., & Moskal, P. (2011). A Course is a Course: Factor Invariance in student Evaluation of Online, Blended and Face-to-Face Learning Environments. The Internet and Higher Education, 14(4), 236–241. Dziuban, C., Moskal, P., Hermsdorfer, A., DeCantis, G., Norberg, A., & Bradford, G., (2015) A Deconstruction of Blended Learning. Presented at the 11th annual Sloan-C blended learning conference and workshop
[5] Dziuban, C., Picciano, A. G., Graham, C. R., & Moskal, P. D. (2016). Conducting Research in Online and Blended Learning Environments: New pedagogical frontiers. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
[6] Dziuban, C. D., Hartman, J. L., & Moskal, P. D. (2004). Blended Learning. EDUCAUSE Research Bulletin, 7, 1–12.
[7] EDUCAUSE. (2017) 2017 Key Issues in Teaching & Learning. Retrieved from https://www.EDUCAUSE.edu/eli/initiatives/key-issues-in-teaching-and-learning
[8] Floridi, L. (2014). The 4th Revolution: How the Infosphere is Reshaping Human Reality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[9] Gaudo, M. (2019) How to Put the Six Blended Learning Models in to Action. https://www.prodigygame.com/blog/six-blended-learning-models-examples-download/
[10] Graham, C. R. (2013). Emerging practice and research in blended learning. In M. G. Moore (Ed.), Handbook of distance education, (3rd ed., pp. 333–350). New York: Routledge.
[11] Harari, Y. (2020) The World after Corona Virus. Financial Times, March 20th
[12] Kitchenham, A. (2011). Blended Learning Across Disciplines: Models for Implementation. Hershey: information Science Reference.
[13] Kofi, S. (2020). What will Higher Education in Afrika Look Like after Covid-19? https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/higher-education-africa-covid19-coronavirus-digital- online/
[14] Kyalo, W. and Hopkins, S. (2013) Exploring the Acceptability of Online learning for Continuous Professional Development at Kenya Medical Taraining Colleges. Electronic Journal of e-Learning 11(2):82-90
[15] Lowe, D. (2013). Roadmap of a Blended Learning Model for Online Faculty Development. Invited Feature Article in Distance Education Report, 17(6), 1–7.
[16] Magretta, J. (2011) Understanding Michael Porter: The Essential Guide to Competition and Strategy. Havard Business Review
[17] Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Baki, M. (2013).The Effectiveness of Online and Blended Learning: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Teachers College Record, 115(3), 1–47.
[18] Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., Kaia, M., & Jones, K. (2010). Evaluation of Evidence- Based Practices in Online Learning. Washington: US Department of Education.
[19] Moskal, P., Dziuban, C., & Hartman, J. (2013). Blended learning: A dangerous idea? The Internet and Higher Education, 18, 15–23.
[20] Mtebe, J & Raphael, C. (2013). “Students’ experiences and challenges of blended learning at the University of Dar es Salaam. International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology” (IJEDICT). Vol. 9, Issue 3, pp. 124-136. DSM, UDSM
[21] Nolaila, S. (2015) “Use of Information and Communication Technology for Teaching and Learning at Mzumbe University in Tanzania.” (Masters dissertation, Kenyatta (University)
[22] Norberg, A. (2017).” From Blended Learning to Learning Online: ICTs, Time and Access in Higher Education” (Doctoral dissertation, Umeå University).
[23] Norberg, A., Dziuban, C. D., & Moskal, P. D. (2011). A time-based blended learning model. On the Horizon, 19(3), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.1108/10748121111163913.
[24] Picciano, A. G. (2009). Blending with Purpose: The Multimodal Model. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 13(1), 7–18.
[25] Picciano, A. G., Dziuban, C., & Graham, C. R. (2014). Blended Learning: Research Perspectives, (vol. 2). New York: Routledge.
[26] Picciano, A. G., & Dziuban, C. D. (2007). Blended learning: Research perspectives. Needham: The Sloan Consortium.
[27] Porter, M. (2008) The Five Competitive Forces That Shape Strategy, Harvard Business Review.
[28] Rainer R., and Turban E. (2009), Introduction to Information Systems (2nd edition), Wiley, pp 36–41.
[29] Ross, B., & Gage, K. (2006). Global Perspectives on Blended Learning: Insight from WebCT and Our Customers in Higher Education. In C. J. Bonk, & C. R. Graham (Eds.), Handbook of Blended Learning: Global Perspectives, Local Designs, (pp. 155–168). San Francisco: Pfeiffer.
[30] Rovai, A. P., & Jordan, H. M. (2004). Blended learning and sense of community: A comparative analysis with traditional and fully online graduate courses. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 5(2), 1–13.
[31] Sharpe, R., Benfield, G., Roberts, G., & Francis, R. (2006). The undergraduate Experience of Blended Learning: A Review of UK Literature and Research. The Higher Education Academy, (October 2006).
Dennis Simiyu, “Blended Learning: The Post Covid-19 Solution for Higher Education in Kenya (A Case of KCA University)” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.815-819 November 2021 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2021.51145
Download PDF
Avoiding Plagiarism and Copyright Infringement in Research Publications in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria: A Case Study of Colleges of Education in Edo State and Delta States
Imoni Gilbert Ikezahu & Ibhagbemien Sylvester – November 2021- Page No.: 820-824
This study was carried out to investigate researchers awareness and their perception about research publications. The study covered 4 Colleges of Education. With 2 each from Edo and Delta States of Nigeria. The study also adopted the survey method using self-designed structured questionnaire as an instrument for data collection. The population of the study consisted of 113 researchers randomly selected in the Colleges of Education. Out of 113 copies of questionnaire distributed to the respondents, 89 (78.8%) useable copies were returned to the researchers. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics particularly frequency counts and percentage are represented in the table. The findings of the study showed that most of the researchers working in the Colleges of Education in Edo and Delta States do not know about copyright infringement and the consequences in research publications. As a result of this, an awareness and perception of this act need to be given. The study further showed that plagiarism, copyright infringement is serious academic offences. The study brought to an understanding of the penalties for plagiarism and created awareness.
Page(s): 820-824 Date of Publication: 18 December 2021
Imoni Gilbert Ikezahu
Edo State College of Education, Nigeria
Ibhagbemien Sylvester
Edo State College of Education, Nigeria
[1] Aitufe, T.A and Imoni, G.I. (2010) Essentials of Library studies for schools and Colleges. Agbor: Pon Publishers Ltd.
[2] Amos, Abutu (2016) Developing new copyright services in Academic Libraries Lagos: Fourth Dimension. Campaign Against Copyright in Nigeria (2020)
[3] Charbonneau, D. H. and Prichs, M. (2014) Copyright awareness, Partnerships and Training issues in Academic Libraries. The journal of Academic Librarianship 40(3): 228-233, Dol; http://.dx.doi.org/10/016.
[4] Chikaodili, E. (2016) Entrepreneurship in Library and Information Services. Ibadan: Stirling-Horden Publication Limited. Copyrightlaw in Encyclopedia Brittannica
[5] Ducan, J. (2013) Teaching our faculty: Developing copyright and scholarly communication outreach programs. Library faculty and Staff Publications paper 117. http://digitalcommons. Usu. edu/lib.pub/117
[6] Guth, Cynano (2008) Managing change in Libraries and Information Services: A system approach. London: Clive Bingley.
[7] Hassan, A & Joseph, O. F. (2007). Further Reading on Research Methology University of Ilorin.
[8] Horava, T. (2016) Copyright communication in Canadian Academic Libraries: A national survey/les modes de communication concernant les droits d’ auteour dans less. Conadian Journal of Informations and Library Science Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/i/s.o.0002.
[9] Nilson, I. L. (2016) Developing new strategies in copyright Services in Academic Libraries. DOI:http//doi.org/10:1629/ukg.216.
[10] Obi, Ezeilo (2016). Problems of retrospective conversion Nigerian University Libraries: case of KOL University Ibadan. Paper presented at the 45th Annual catalogue and classification services . workshop of the Nigerian Library Association.
[11] Okiy, Rose (2005) Photocopying and awareness of copyright in tertiary institutions: March, 2005. Interceding and Document Supply. 33 (1): 49-52. DOI:10.1108/02641610510382144
[12] Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2006) Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[13] Pandey, D.K. (2020), Awareness and perception of Academic Plagiarism among the students of Netaji subhas University: -A Study: New Delhi, Ess Ess
[14] Swahu, Mahendra Kumar (2020). Awareness of copyright laws: A case study of Library professionals. New Deihi: Ess Ess.
[15] Widely, Hammer, (2016). Computer related technology in Library operations. England: Aldashot J. Gowen.
Imoni Gilbert Ikezahu & Ibhagbemien Sylvester “Avoiding Plagiarism and Copyright Infringement in Research Publications in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria: A Case Study of Colleges of Education in Edo State and Delta States” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.820-824 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/820-824.pdf
Download PDF
Using the Esan Language in Enhancing the Delivery of Quality Education in Edo State, Nigeria
Okhiria Idemudia I., Samuel E.A Osime & Felix E.A. Ogiso- November 2021- Page No.: 825-834
The constant use of indigenous language (Esan)was discovered to be a perfect medium of imparting knowledge in primary schools which was fundamental to educational growth in the country. It sufficed to state that “Esan Language belonged to the north-central part of “Edoid” Language in Edo State, and it has been in use as a medium of instruction in Esan Central Primary Schools. Specifically, the study focused on promoting Esan Language among the multifarious Indigenous Languages in Nigeria, enhancing the consciousness of “Esan Language among Esan primary school pupils, assisting teachers with workable methodologies of teaching/learning of Esan language, assisting the Ministry of Education in the preparation of Esan Language syllabus for Primary Schools, etc. Also, the study which is based on theoretical and empirical approaches focused on the sampling of sixteen (16) primary schools which were randomly selected from the four kingdoms in the targeted Local Government. Total of (50) pupils were sampled through a designed questionnaire in each school bringing it to a total number of eight hundred (800) respondents in each of the schools. The study further highlighted the findings which revealed inter alia that Esan Language was taught in all the primary schools by teachers who were all from Esan origin though not qualified (not Esan certificated). There were no libraries in schools as well as sufficient textbooks for the subject. The pupils can speak Esan Fluently but cannot write and read a passage fluently in Esan Language. Outside Esan Language, no other subject is taught with “Esan” in primary schools. All these justified the hypotheses raised for the study. Finally, Conclusion and Recommendations were made for quality teaching and learning of the Esan language in Esan Central Local Government Area of Edo State.
Page(s): 825-834 Date of Publication: 18 December 2021
Okhiria Idemudia I.
Edo State College of Education, Nigeria
Samuel E.A Osime
Edo State College of Education, Nigeria
Felix E.A. Ogiso
Edo State College of Education, Nigeria
[1] Adekunle, M,A, (1976) “ National Language Policy and Planning: The Nigerian Situation” West African Journal of Modern Languages.Vol. 1
[2] Agheyisi, R. N. (ed) (1987) “Esan Orthography” Orthographies of Nigerian Languages Manual V.Lagos: Federal Ministry of Education.
[3] Awoniyi, T.A. (1982) The Teaching of African Languages, London: Hodder and Stoughton.
[4] Bamgbose, A. (1966) The Assimilated Low Tone in Yoruba, Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books Limited.
[5] Brian, T. (ed.) (1996) A Language in Common, London: Longman Publishers.
[6] Brown, F. (1973) A First Llanguage, Cambridge: Mass Harrad University Press.
[7] Caroll, I. (1964) “The Arguments for the Mother Tongue” Language in Education, Dakin: J. et al (ed) London: Oxford University Press. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (1979)
[8] Elugbe, B.O. (1973) A Comparative Edo Phonology, Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Ibadan.
[9] Hansford, K.J, Bender Samuel and R. Stanford, (1976) “A Provisional Language Map of Nigeria” Savana Vol. 5 No 2 pp 115-126.
[10] Hoffmann, c. (1974), The Language of Nigeria by Language Families, Ibadan: University of Ibadan, Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages
[11] Ikara, B. (ED) (1982) Nigerian Languages and Cultural Development Lagos: National Language Centre.
[12] National Policy on Education (Revised) (1981), Lagos: NERC Press.
[13] OdiagbeA I (2004) Esan/English Dictionary, Benin City: New Era Publications.
[14] Okojie C.G. (1994), Esan Native Laws and Customs, Benin City: Ilupeju Press Ltd
[15] Omo-Ojugo M.O. (1991) “Mother Tongue in the Development of Cognitive Abilities and Educational Potentials in Nigeria’s Educational System” Ekpoma Journal of Languages and Literary Studies Vol. 4.
[16] Omo- Ojugo M.O.(2004) Esan Language Endanger?: Implications for the Teaching and Learning of Indigenous Languages in Nigeria,Ekpoma: Ambrose Alli University Publishing House.
[17] Oyeleye, R.K. (1990) Languages and Culture in Society, Lagos: Bolajiand Associates.
[18] Valdman, A. (ed) (1966) Trends in Language Teaching, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company
[19] Williams, K. (1984) Practical Orthography in Nigeria, Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books Limited,
Okhiria Idemudia I., Samuel E.A Osime & Felix E.A. Ogiso, “Using the Esan Language in Enhancing the Delivery of Quality Education in Edo State, Nigeria” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.825-834 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/825-834.pdf
Download PDF
Cross-Border Disarmament and Intercommunal Security: A Case of Turkwel River Belt
Jackson Bethuel Kaino, Dr. Ichani Francis Xavier, Siocha Justin Nyaberi- November 2021- Page No.: 835-844
Disarmament of illegal firearms has been identified as a key to global security especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the trade on Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) is a booming business. The influx of SALW is also considered as a major contributor of intercommunal conflict along the Turkwel River Belt, among the Turkana and; Pokot of Kenya and Uganda common border. This study sought to assess why after many governments attempts at eradicating insecurity in the region through various levels of disarmament programs, there remains persistent insecurity and armed violence. The study used the cooperative security theory and the conflict theory to weave the facts presented in the study. Moreover, the study adopted an exploratory and historical research designs. The selection of the Turkwel River Belt was purposive due to the high occurrences of conflict and high presence of SALWs in the region. the insecurity and as a special characteristic directly touches four countries; Kenya and Uganda. Simple random sampling was used during the pretesting to test the validity and reliability of the instruments. Respondents were clustered into three groups of men, women and youth. The study relied on both qualitative and quantitative data. Questionnaires and interviews schedules were used to collect data which was analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and qualitatively. The study indicated that there were significant intervention measures through diplomacy and address of the challenges at hand by government and non-government organization. However, much needs to be considered for the effective achievement of sustainable peace among the communities. The study recommended the strategies marshalled by both state and non-state actors in addressing alternative sources of livelihoods and in conducting advanced disarmament programs. This study is necessary since the United Nations is envisaged on a peaceful coexistence among countries. The information in this will therefore provide and recommend strategic measures that should be undertaken to achieve sustainable peace among the Pokot of Uganda and the Turkana of Kenya.
Page(s): 835-844 Date of Publication: 18 December 2021
Jackson Bethuel Kaino
Department of International Relations, Conflict and Strategic Studies of Kenyatta University, Kenya
Dr. Ichani Francis Xavier
Department of International Relations, Conflict and Strategic Studies of Kenyatta University, Kenya
Siocha Justin Nyaberi
Department of International Relations, Conflict and Strategic Studies of Kenyatta University, Kenya
[1] Abraham, F. (1993). Modern sociological theory: an introduction, oxford university press. Delhi.
[2] Adwok, N and Otim, P. (2001). Conflicts in Pastoral Area along borders: The Kenya, Uganda and Sudan. CEWARN Consultancy Report London: FEWER.
[3] Almagor, U. (1979.) “Raiders and elders: A confrontation of generations among the Dassanetch” in K. Fukui and D. Turton (Eds.) Warfare among East African Herders. Osaka:
[4] Chambers, R., and Conway. G. (1991). Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Practical Concepts for the 21st Century. Institute of Development Studies. DP 296.
[5] Cohen, L., & Manion, L. (2000). Research methods in education. Routledge. 254.(5th edition).
[6] De Coning, C., & Peter, M. (2019). United Nations peace operations in a changing global order (p. 334). Springer Nature.
[7] Eaton, D. (2010). The rise of the ‘traider’: the commercialization of raiding in Turkwel Belt. Nomadic Peoples 14 (2): 106–122.
[8] GoK. (2007). National policy for the sustainable development of arid and semi-arid lands. Government of Kenya, Nairobi.
[9] GoK. (2008). Arid lands resource management project Turkana: annual progress report. Government Press, Nairobi
[10] GoK. (2010). National climate change response strategy. Government Press, Nairobi
[11] Grahn, R. (2005). Lessons learnt from conflict management work in the Karamojong Cluster. Issue paper no.137, AU/IBAR
[12] Hendrickson, D, Armon, J. and Mearns, R. (1998). The changing nature of conflict and famine vulnerability: the case of livestock raiding in Turkana District, Kenya. Disasters 22 (3)
[13] Jaeger, M. (1997). Complementary Research Methods for Research in Education, (2nd ed). American Educational Research Association: Washington, DC.
[14] Kaimba, B. Njehia, G and Guliye. A. (2011). Effects of cattle rustling and household characteristics on migration decisions and herd size amongst pastoralists in Baringo District, Kenya. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice 1 (1): 1–18.
[15] Kamenju J., Mwachofi K. and Wairagu, F. (2003) Terrorized Citizens, SRIC, and Nairobi: 2003, p 10. Karlsrud, J. (2017). The UN at War: Peace Operations in a New Era. Springer.
[16] Keller, J. (1973). A Twentieth Century Model:
[17] Straus, A. and Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research (2nd edition). London: Sage Publications.
[18] Trochim, K William M. (2006). Research Methods Knowledge Base. Atomic Dog; New York.
[19] TUPADO. S. (2011). Turkana Pastoralist Organization incident register 2000–2010. TUPADO. Unpublished, Lodwar.
[20] UN. (2021). United Nations Peace Keeping. Retrieved May 19, 2021, from https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/what-is-peacekeeping.
[21] UNDP. (2002). Human development report: Deepening democracy in a fragmented world. New York, Oxford University Press.
[22] UNDP. (2011). Drought and potential conflict scenarios in northern Kenya and other arid lands: a situational report. UNDP, Nairobi.
[23] USAID and FEWS NET, (2005). Conflict Early Warning and Mitigation of Resource Based Conflicts in the Greater Horn of Africa: Conflict Baseline Study Report Conducted in the Karamojong Cluster of Kenya and Uganda.
[24] White R. (1920). “Notes on the Turkana” Sudan notes and records, Vol. iii, p.217-222; Major
Jackson Bethuel Kaino, Dr. Ichani Francis Xavier, Siocha Justin Nyaberi, “Cross-Border Disarmament and Intercommunal Security: A Case of Turkwel River Belt” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.835-844 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/835-844.pdf
Download PDF
Effects of Charcoal Production on Biophysical Environment
Ekpo, C. G.- November 2021- Page No.: 845-849
This study assessed the effect of charcoal production on the biophysical of environment of Abaji Area Council of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Survey research design was adopted for the study. Two hundred respondents were selected by the use of the simple random sampling technique. Data of the study were collected through Environmental Impact of Charcoal Production Assessment Scale. Data of the study were analyzed using the descriptive statistics of frequency count, mean (x) and simple percentage. Findings of the study revealed the effect of charcoal production on biodiversity resources, physical environment, and the health of residents of Abaji Area Council. It was recommended that jobs should be created by the Area Council Authorities to residents to combat the menace of poverty which is one of the major factors encouraging charcoal production as means of livelihood.
Page(s): 845-849 Date of Publication: 18 December 2021
Ekpo, C. G.
Department of Science and Environmental Education, Faculty of Education, University of Abuja, Abuja-Nigeria
[1] Aboh, P. Z, & Zhangqi, W. (2016). Charcoal and fuelwood consumption and its impacts on Environment in Cote d’Ivoire: Case study of Yopougon Area. Environment and Natural Resources Research, 6(4), 26 – 35. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v6n4 p26\
[2] Absolom, K. T. (2011). Environmental implications of the charcoal business in Narok-south sub-county, Narok County. Unpublished MSc Dissertation of Kenyatta University, Kenya.
[3] Anang, B. T., Akuriba, M. A. & Alerigesane, A. A. (2011). Charcoal production in Gushegu District, Northern Region, Ghana:Lessons for sustainable forest management. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1(7), 1944 – 1953.
[4] Chidumayo, E. N. & Gumbo, D. J. (2012). The environmental impacts of charcoal production in tropical ecosystems of the world: A synthesis. Energy for Sustainable Development,17, 86–94.
[5] Emeodilichi, H. M. (2018). Assessment of charcoal production processes and theenvironment impact in Kaduna, Nigeria. Resources and Environment, 8(5), 223 – 231. DOI: 10.5923/j.re.20180805.02
[6] Eniola, P. O. & Odebode, S. O. (2018). Perceived health effects of charcoal production among rural dwellers of derived savannah zone of Nigeria. Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, 7(1), 127 – 133. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.15640/jaes.v 7n1a13
[7] Eniola, P. O., Odebode, S. O. & Ayandele, B. (2018). Contributions of charcoal production to socio-economic activities of rural dwellers in the rain forest agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. Recent Adv Petrochem Sci, 6(3), 1 – 7.
[8] Gazull, L. & Gautier, D. (2015). Woodfuel in a global changes context. Retrieved from https://ww w.cifor.org/knowledge/publication/4467
[9] Harindintwari, J. & Ngendahayo, G. (2019). Socio-economic and environmental impact of charcoal production in Rangiro, Cyato and Bushekeri sectors, Nyamasheke district. GSJ, 7(3), 1206 – 1223. Retrieved from www.globalsci entificjournal.com
[10] Kadafa, A. A., Medugu N. I., Dennis, K. S., & Medan J. D. (2017). The health impact of fuel wood utilization on users in Yelwa village, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR) 24(6), 174 – 191.
[11] Kokou, K., Nuto, Y. & Atsri, H. (2009). Impact of charcoal production on woody plant species in West Africa: A case study in Togo. Scientific Research and Essay, 4(9), 881 – 893. Retrieved from http://www.academicjournals.org/SR E
[12] Lurimuah, S. (2011). The economic and environmental effects of commercial charcoal production in the upper west region of Ghana. Unpublished MSc. Dissertation of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi.
[13] Olarinde, O. & Olusola, J. A. (2018). Socio-economic impacts of charcoal production in Oke-Ogun area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Tropical Plant Research, 5(1), 46 – 52. Retrieved from www.tropicalplantresearch.com
[14] Onekon, W. A., & Kipchirchir, K. O. (2016). Assessing the effect of charcoal production and use on the transition to a green economy in Kenya. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 19(3), 327 – 335.
Ekpo, C. G., “Effects of Charcoal Production on Biophysical Environment” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.845-849 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/845-849.pdf
Download PDF
New Competency to be the Professional Announcer by The Office of The National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC),Thailand under the Digital Communication Technology Disruption
Kamolrat Intaratat- November 2021- Page No.: 850-857
The demanding for the new competencies among all reporters, announcers, communicators keep increasing in most parts of the world, especially about the digital technology disruption in the media world to serve the disruptive news industry transformation: digital technology, social platforms and the spread of misinformation and disinformation or fake news in short. most of the functions in the media world keep changing into the online basis. The Office of NBTC as the policy and regulation of communication system in Thailand has initiated the program to promote the announcer’s competencies since 2013 till currently then got its evaluation by using the quantitative research to achieve three objectives : 1) the general demographic of Thai announcers; 2) to evaluate the program to promote the announcer’s competency; and 3) the demanding announcer’s competency under the current digital communication technologies disruption.
The population is 17,000 announcers who had previously attended the Announcer’s Competency Program, then gained 1,008 samples by using the multistage random sampling techniques. the e-questionnaire was used then analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results are summarized as follow;
1) The general demographic of Thai announcers registered under the NBTC, Thailand found quite equal in gender, having a bachelor’s degree, and average aged between 31 – 45 years is highest; 2) The evaluation of the NBTC’s Announcer’s Competency Program to promote the announcer’s competency assessed by LOGIC Assessment Model found the overall effectiveness of the Program is more than the required standard and the highest effective is the “outcome” of the Program followed by Program’s resources and impact; 3) The demanding announcer’s competency under the current digital communication technologies disruption. Four main competencies were studied : 1)be professional, 2) be ethic, 3) be E.Q., and 4) be digital literacy. The results found “be professional” is highest especially in being neutral follow by “be E.Q.” especially in working under pressure, “be ethic” especially in personal privacy respect and “be digital literacy” especially in knowledge and skills in all digital tools.
All findings tangibly getting along well with the current demands such as Colm Murphy, 2019 mentioned in “Changing by the Click: The Professional/Standard Announcers &Journalists”; Galina Melnik, Konstantin Pantserev,2020 mentioned in “Digitalization of the Communication Environment”; Oxford Economics Skills in High Demands in the Next 5-10 Years, 2021, and Paul Bradshaw, 2012 mentioned in the “Model for a 21st Century Newsroom : How digitization has changed news organizations in a multiplatform world”.
So, it could be final confirmed that all kinds of new knowledge and skills in the “Digitalization Communication” must be empowered to all announcers such as online chat; callback widget; analytics, search engine marketing, SEO (Search Engine Optimization), Social media marketing (SMM), email newsletters, content marketing, SERM (Search Engine Reputation Management), Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, Internet blogs, and information platforms.
Page(s): 850-857 Date of Publication: 18 December 2021
Kamolrat Intaratat
Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, Thailand
[1] Colm Murphy. (2019). Changing by the Click: The Professional Development of UK
Journalists. School of Communications and Media, Ulster University,
Cromore Rd, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK; c.murphy@ulster.ac.uk, 2019
DigComp 2.0. “digital competence” https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/digcomp/digital-competence-framework
[2] Galina Melnik,Konstantin Pantserev. (2020). Digitalization of the Communication Environment as an Incentive for Innovation in Media Education. St. Petersburg State University, Russian Federatio Published in the Slovak Republic Media Education (Mediaobrazovanie) DOI: 10.13187/me.2020.2.290 www.ejournal53.com
[3] Morton, J. (2011). Attention Deficit Disorder and Sound Therapy. Diperoleh pada Januari 28, 2011. http://www.Soundtherapyperth.com/benefit/add.php.
[4] Paul Bradshaw. (2012). Model for a 21st Century Newsroom : How digitization has changed news organizations in a multiplatform world.
[5] The Ethical Journalism Network. (2018). “Five Core Principles of Journalism”
http:// ethicaljournalismnetwork.org/who-we-are/5-principles-of-journalism
Kamolrat Intaratat, “New Competency to be the Professional Announcer by The Office of The National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC),Thailand under the Digital Communication Technology Disruption” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS) volume-5-issue-11, pp.850-857 November 2021 URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-5-issue-11/850-857.pdf
Download PDF